How to cover wooden walls. How to cover the walls inside a wooden house - the right choice of material

Interior decoration of a wooden house is one of the integral components of construction work. The installation of internal surfaces is important not only from a practical point of view, but also for the entire design of the room. If you have certain skills, it is quite possible to do all the work yourself.

The peculiarities of finishing wooden surfaces are related to the nature of the material itself: along with its unconditional environmental value and ability to store heat, wood is highly susceptible to rotting processes. It is negatively affected by temperature changes, exposure to moisture and the activity of various microorganisms. It is important to take all this into account before starting to decorate the inside of a wooden house.

The entire finishing process can be divided into 4 stages:

• Wall finishing - wood processing, removal of all cracks, irregularities and paneling.
• Decorating the ceiling of the house.
• Flooring finishing.
• Creation of interior design of the room.

Each stage will be discussed in detail and provided with examples of ready-made solutions and step-by-step operating instructions.

Decorating the walls of a wooden house: step-by-step instructions

Walls are one of the main sources of heat loss (up to 30% of the total). Accordingly, it is important not only to properly treat the wooden floors themselves, but also to install a layer of insulation that is optimal for this case.

Treating wood material with an antiseptic

Before carrying out all major work, it is important to thoroughly treat all internal and external wooden surfaces with a special antiseptic.

An antiseptic is a liquid product that performs several functions at once:

• water-repellent properties make it possible to protect a wooden wall from moisture that penetrates with precipitation, as well as from the air; this is especially true in coastal regions with a humid climate;
• protection against temperature changes by creating an additional layer;
• protection against the action of microorganisms (mold, bacteria) due to disinfecting properties;
• additional fire protection (some products contain special fire-fighting components);
• Many antiseptics contain various pigments, thanks to which the surface acquires a beautiful color after treatment.

There are a lot of options for all kinds of antiseptics on the market, and in principle they can be divided into several groups:

• Those made on a water basis are used mainly for interior work, provided there is no constant contact of wood with moisture.
• Based on organic solvents, they are used in both external and internal work: they form a dense layer that does not allow moisture to pass through and has a detrimental effect on bacteria.
• Combined ones include fire-fighting components represented by special substances.

The treatment solution can be cancer, paint, primer and other means. A description of their purpose and advantages are presented in the table.

scuba diving	prevent the development of bacteria and mold; colorless; do not produce odors, so can be used indoors
wood varnishes	protects well from moisture by creating a dense layer
oils	penetrate very deeply into the wood, providing protection for the inner layers; do not emit strong odors, can be used indoors
paints	used both as an independent product and as an auxiliary after treatment with the main composition; paint wood in different colors
antiseptic primers	universal products that are applied directly to raw wood
waxes	viscous materials that are applied to prevent swelling and mechanical damage to wood

More details about the rules for choosing an antiseptic for wood:

The antiseptic is applied using a regular paint brush or spray if the volume of work is quite large. When working with organic-based materials, it is better to wear safety glasses and a bandage.

A few simple rules should be taken into account:

• Before applying the product, you should wipe the wood from dirt or mechanical deposits - but this is done not with water, but with the help of a scraper and dry cloths.
• Processing proceeds from the bottom up (so that the product does not drip onto your hands).
• First of all, it is necessary to process non-uniform surfaces - with knots, cracks, as well as cross-sections of cuts and the ends of the beams.
• Processing is carried out at a temperature not lower than +10°C in dry weather (humidity should be no more than 75%).
• After treatment, leave the room to ventilate for at least 12 hours.

NOTE. You should not impregnate with an antiseptic if the wood is very wet or cold, since in this case it will not be able to saturate the material sufficiently.

Finishing cracks

The next important stage in the interior decoration of a wooden house is caulking the cracks to ensure complete tightness of the room.

You can choose different materials for this work:

• artificial polymer products: sealants, resins, polyurethane foam;
• traditional - flax, tow, moss;
• the most affordable option is a mixture of sawdust, shavings, wood dust with wood glue.

According to the technology of work, there are 2 finishing methods:

• In a set - the material is first twisted into strips, then they are inserted into the slots and driven in.
• In stretching - first the cracks are filled with material, and then they are twisted and driven in.

The technology for caulking cracks is simple and consists of the following steps:

• The wall is cleaned of all irregularities, small protruding chips, and fasteners using a grinding machine (this is done at the antiseptic treatment stage).
• Next, the material is inserted along the borders of the beams and hammered.
• The cracks are caulked with finer material, often using sealant or polyurethane foam.

Video - technology in action

You can also make the so-called decorative caulk. It is more accurate and is performed in new log houses, which require extensive renovation work to create a beautiful interior. The technology is as follows:

NOTE. It is advisable to carry out such work immediately upon completion of construction, since wooden beams shrink strongly in the first year.

Sheathing and insulation of walls in a wooden house

This is the most labor-intensive and very important stage, since the quality of the insulation and finishing of the room determines its ability to maintain temperature in winter and how neat the appearance of the walls will be.

The sequence of work is carried out using the following technology:

• Laying a vapor barrier layer.
• Installation of a layer of insulation on a wooden or profiled frame.
• Installing a protective layer from the wind.
• Finishing of the internal surface (block house, lining, drywall).

The corresponding sectional diagram of the wall is shown in the figure.

Vapor barrier

The following are used as vapor barrier (waterproofing) materials:

• polyethylene;
• special mastics;
• Membrane-based films are the best option, since they are able to retain moisture, but at the same time allow air to pass through well, thereby creating conditions for normal year-round ventilation in the house.

Insulation layer

Insulation materials are most often mounted on a wooden frame or metal (aluminum profiles).

Schematically, methods for attaching insulation using wooden beams are shown in the figure.

In the southern regions, you don’t need to use insulation, since wood itself stores heat sufficiently. However, in most cases, the installation of such a layer is an absolutely integral part of the work on the interior decoration of the wall of a wooden house.

There are several popular insulating materials:

Video: Technology of wall insulation using mineral wool and wooden profiles

Internal surface finishing

Among the most popular materials that form the basis for interior wall decoration in a wooden house are the following:

• drywall;
• lining;
• block house.

Drywall is a material that will provide a smooth internal surface, the ability to paste wallpaper or PVC panels to create a beautiful interior of the room.

The undoubted advantages of this material include the following:

• it has high thermal insulation properties, which is especially important for regions with a Siberian and northern climate;
• drywall is a very pliable material, therefore, it is easy to work with; in addition, you can provide almost any bends that will hide the unevenness of the main wall and create the basis for the original design of the house;
• moisture resistance - many types of this material have similar properties.

The disadvantages of the material include:

• fragility - you need to work carefully; in addition, when the house settles, the sheet can often crack and tear the wallpaper or other finishing materials;
• drywall retains moisture strongly and does not allow the walls to “breathe”;
• the material does not effectively protect the house from outside noise.

NOTE. Drywall does not hold well any weights that are supposed to be suspended (shelves). Therefore, if you choose it for decoration, you should think through all the features of the interior in advance and decide in advance on the places for shelves, niches, etc.

Drywall comes in very handy when you need to create a false wall to create another small room. It is installed very simply - based on aluminum profiles.

Another popular material for interior decoration of the walls of a wooden house is lining.

This is the most environmentally friendly material, and at the same time it is very affordable. Lining has other obvious advantages:

• it looks very beautiful and allows you to create an interesting interior interior;
• working with lining is very simple - just treat the wood with stain and fix it to pre-installed wooden profiles;
• the material is not difficult to care for - it is easy to clean and quite resistant to mechanical stress;
• “breathes” perfectly and does not pollute the air in the room with artificial odors;
• The wall surface is neat and smooth, thanks to which you can begin gluing wallpaper or installing PVC panels.

The only significant drawback of lining is its ability to rot and high flammability. However, treatment with previously discussed means significantly reduces such risks.

Finishing with clapboard made of solid pine

And one more interesting material that appeared relatively recently is the block house. Essentially it is a wooden board that has two different surfaces:

• the front one is convex, creating the effect of a log wall;
• the back is flat.

Since the material is wood, it has approximately the same pros and cons. However, it has great visual appeal - in fact, it itself creates a unique country-style design that can be preserved in its original form.

Internal installation technology - on video.

Finishing the ceiling of a wooden house from the inside

Finishing work to insulate the inner surface of the ceiling and give it an attractive appearance is a very important stage, since heat loss through the roof is no less than through the walls (all heat rises upward).

In addition, it is important to ensure that the roof is completely waterproof. If it is planned to equip a living room (attic) in the attic space, accordingly, sufficient sound insulation and the strength of the ceiling should be ensured.

Most often, environmentally friendly wood materials are selected for these purposes. They create pleasant, clean air at home, and on their basis you can create a lot of design options for every taste.

Wood processing

The use of wooden cladding is the most natural and logical option in the case of interior decoration of a wooden house. The material options are as follows (in order of increasing service life):

• plywood;
• lining;
• massifs of coniferous species (spruce, pine, larch and others);
• more expensive solids (beech, bast, ash, birch).

Structurally, there are 2 technologies:

The finishing methods are very simple, and the ability to attach them to load-bearing beams allows you to complete all the work quite quickly. Some design options are presented in the video.

other methods

Of course, along with wood materials, there are other technologies for manufacturing the inner surface of the ceiling in a wooden house. The most common option is to create a stretch ceiling.

Along with the obvious advantages in terms of the ability to create your own design and the high operational strength of the material, in the case of wooden houses there are significant disadvantages:

• suspended ceilings do not allow air to pass through, therefore, to some extent, a greenhouse effect is created;
• profiles from suspended ceilings together with the canvas may be slightly deformed as a result of the house settling.

NOTE. This problem is most likely for old houses with worn-out foundations and roofs, as well as for newly built structures, which will inevitably shrink during the first years.

Finishing flooring in a wooden house

The final stage of finishing work involves insulating and laying the floor surface.

In general, its structure is not fundamentally different from the wall - it also contains insulation, a layer of waterproofing and the finishing material itself.

There are several important requirements for the floor:

• it must constantly withstand heavy loads;
• keep the house warm;
• be perfectly level;
• resistant to rotting and mechanical damage.

Wooden floor

Structurally, the floor can be constructed in two ways:

• wooden load-bearing beams with decking;
• concrete floor with wooden decking.

Both options have their pros and cons, and you need to choose based on the specific object. Concrete is durable, tightly blocks access to the house for insects and rodents, and is also very resistant to long-term mechanical loads and is not susceptible to rotting.

At the same time, wood is not so durable, but it is warmer and does not heat up the house in hot weather. The best option in many cases is a concrete floor with a thick layer of insulation and wooden flooring. In this case, an extremely reliable design with additional heat-insulating properties is obtained.

The technology for installing a wooden floor is simple:

NOTE. If the floor is mounted on wooden beams, then special attention should be paid to treating them with an antiseptic. It is better to do several approaches of 2-3 layers.

Concrete floor

In the case of constructing a concrete floor, the material is poured in two ways:

• directly onto the ground (the pre-dug pit is reinforced with a layer of sand, crushed stone and gravel to provide additional protection and drainage);
• between wooden joists running under the house.

The concrete is reinforced, after which there is always a layer of waterproofing, and then a wooden floor is laid using the same technology.

Creating an interior in a wooden house

The interior decoration of a wooden house should be carried out with preliminary design planning. Conventionally, two design groups can be distinguished:

• “Urban” - when ordinary wallpaper is glued to the inner finishing layer or PVC or MDF panels are mounted, and in this case the interior is no different from an ordinary city apartment.
• Country - styling for a natural, rustic look with classic light and dark brown warm tones. In this case, the finishing material itself (especially block house or lining) serves as the basis for the design.

The use of country wood is especially successful in the case of spacious rooms with 2 or more floors, spacious living rooms, since a wooden wall creates the effect of space and provides fresh air due to the characteristics of the material.

Light colors are perfect for a bedroom or children's room.

Warm, rich colors are appropriate in the kitchen, creating a cozy atmosphere for pleasant family evenings.

Wood surfaces are a versatile design element, as they also work well in spaces such as the bath.

Interior decoration of a wooden house is a job that can be done independently. It is only important to think through all the details in advance and take into account both the design features, the quality of the material, and its design capabilities.

When and how is the interior of the walls of a wooden house finished? And in general, is this really necessary, since the tree itself looks good?

These questions are of considerable interest to owners of country cottages and dachas. Indeed, according to statistics, about a third of residential construction projects in rural areas are built from lumber.

So, let's try to figure out why finishing the interior walls of a wooden house is needed.

What caused the need for finishing

As already mentioned, about a third of low-rise buildings outside the city are built using lumber. In this case, it is a rounded log or timber.

According to some lovers of rustic aesthetics, a log wall looks original and attractive. But if you set out to give your living space the look of a room in a city apartment, you can’t do without additional finishing.

In addition, high-quality wall finishing inside a wooden house, in addition to aesthetic advantages, guarantees practical benefits. For example, by leveling log walls from the inside with sheet material, a layer of thermal insulation material can be integrated into the resulting gaps and thus reduce the thermal conductivity of the entire structure.

We list the main options for finishing walls in a wooden house and tell you about ways to implement them.

Sheathing with OSB boards

The walls of a log cabin can be easily leveled using oriented strand boards (OSB).

The technology of facing work is as follows:

• Using a water level and a flat plank, we determine the relief on the walls;
• We make a lathing from wooden slats with a step between adjacent slats of 0.6-1 m;
• We place insulating materials, such as stone wool, in the gaps of the sheathing;
• We attach waterproofing materials, such as glassine, on top of the sheathing;
• Next we install oriented strand boards.

Installation of OSB is carried out with some offset of one row of slabs relative to the other. This is done to give the finish the greatest strength.

After the internal wall cladding is completed, the gaps between the slabs are filled with polymer putties and sanded. Further, walls finished with OSB can be used as a rough base for wallpapering, painting, tiling, etc.

The advantages of the method include the following:

• affordable price of the material;
• ease of finishing work;
• versatility of using finished cladding;
• environmental safety of finishing;
• the possibility of using heat-insulating and sound-proofing materials;
• possibility of laying utilities under the finishing layer.

Sheathing with plasterboard

If you are faced with the question of how to decorate the walls of a wooden house, it’s time to think about using drywall. GVL sheets are a universal solution for covering various surfaces, provided the degree of humidity in the room does not exceed 60% .

Installation of sheets is simple; moreover, due to the use of this finishing material, various complex architectural solutions can be implemented in a wooden house. The technology for installing plasterboard sheets is in many ways similar to installing OSB boards, only an order of magnitude simpler.

To work you will need:

• GVL slabs (standard sizes are determined in accordance with the characteristics of the room and the budget allocated for the project);
• metallic profile;
• self-tapping screws;
• gypsum-based putty;
• screwdriver;
• “glass” nozzle for drilling holes for switches and sockets;
• mounting knife;
• hacksaw;
• water level;
• roulette;
• cord;
• container for diluting putty;
• spatulas (rubber and metal).

The instructions for carrying out the work are as follows:

• We cut the profile into strips of the required length and fasten it to the wall surface with self-tapping screws in increments 60 cm from each other;
• If necessary, we supplement the vertical profiles with horizontal jumpers;
• In the spaces between the profile we immediately place utility lines and a layer of heat and sound insulating material;

Important: The use of sound insulation is mandatory, since the empty space between the walls and the cladding will cause resonances, which will increase the perception of noise in the room.

• Next, we attach the sheets of drywall. We do this so that the screws are recessed flush with the surface, but not too deep so that the finishing material does not crack;
• After the drywall is installed, we drill holes for sockets and switches and route the corresponding cables into them;
• We fill all joints, reliefs and recesses under the heads of self-tapping screws with putty mixture and level them;
• After the putty has dried, carefully sand the surface to a perfectly smooth state.

The advantages of the method include:

• tight deadlines for installation work;
• durability of the finished result;
• the ability to carry out installation work with your own hands from start to finish;
• fire safety of wall cladding;
• environmental safety of the solution due to the zero content of toxins and allergens.

However, there is also a drawback - the finishing material does not tolerate excess moisture, and therefore installation of drywall is advisable only in dry rooms with the obligatory use of high-quality waterproofing.

Installation of wall panels

Wall panels- This is a wide range of finishing materials from which you can choose the best option in relation to the characteristics of the construction site.

The entire range of wall panels can be divided into two categories:

• moisture-resistant modifications– made using natural solid wood, plastic or plywood, laminated on both sides;
• non-moisture resistant modifications– made using cork or chipboard.

Let's look at the main points of installation of the most common ones:

• We place horizontal slats in increments on a wooden wall 60 cm;

Important: You need to make sure that all slats protrude forward the same distance (this is checked by a level beam and a water level).

• We fix the internal corner element in a vertical position in the corner;
• We install horizontal finishing elements at the lower and upper points of the wall;
• The first is in the corner element on the side where the tenon is located, while the groove is fixed with shoe nails or a stapler;
• We continue installation around the perimeter of the room until the desired result is achieved.

When to start finishing work

Undoubtedly, the question of how to decorate the walls in a wooden house is very important, but it is equally important to take into account the optimal timing for the start of finishing work.

A newly erected log house will undergo shrinkage within 1-3 years. If finishing work is completed earlier than necessary, the wall panels may fall or become bent.

To prevent this from happening, the interior of a wooden house should be clad no sooner than a year and a half after the completion of construction.

Conclusion

Cladding the walls of a wooden house is not difficult. Achieving optimal results will be achieved by following technological requirements and observing the deadlines for the start of finishing work.

Wooden houses are an example of environmental friendliness and naturalness, and when facing it is important not to negate this main advantage, therefore it is important to involve only professionals in the implementation, to use only high-quality breathable materials. Let's try to understand all the nuances of decorating walls in a wooden house and consider what materials are suitable for covering them, and when you can do without them.

No. 1. When can I start interior finishing of wooden walls?

Alas, you cannot move on to construction immediately after erecting a wooden house. A newly built house must be given shrinkage time. Duration of this process depends on many factors. If the house is built of glued wood, then you can proceed to finishing the walls after 3-4 weeks, and owners of all other types of wooden houses will have to wait not less than 10 months, and for a guarantee - a year. The shrinkage time depends not only on the material used in construction, but also on the climatic conditions in the region and the initial moisture content of the raw materials.

During shrinkage, active drying of the wood occurs, it decreases in size, and the used wood is crushed under the weight of the logs and beams. It’s easy to imagine what will happen if you start finishing the walls during this period - the facing material will either fall off or become warped. In any case, after a few months everything will have to be redone, and this again means money and effort, so it is better to wait until the main shrinkage processes take place. But you won’t be bored with nothing to do, since it is at this time that it is necessary to ensure the tightness of all joints, which is achieved through competent caulking.

No. 2. Features of caulking the walls of a wooden house

No. 3. Nuances of choosing finishing material for wooden walls

A distinctive feature of wooden walls is their ability to maintain optimal temperature and humidity levels inside the room. To maintain these unique properties, cladding requires use natural materials. The choice of specific material is influenced a lot of factors:

• 
  climate of the region and whether the owners of the house will live in it permanently or only in the summer. If the climate is mild or you plan to relax in a wooden house only in the warm season, then you can do without additional finishing materials and admire the natural beauty of the log house, although do not forget to cover it. If the house will be used constantly, and the winters in the region are cold, then it is better to use finishing, and install it on the sheathing, so that insulation is used between the wall and the cladding;
• condition of the house. The walls of a brand new wooden house have an attractive appearance, beautiful texture and color, so if possible it is better not to hide them under decoration. In this case, it is better to sand the log or timber and tint the surface. For this purpose they are used water based paints, which do not paint over the color of the wood, but only give it a certain shade, or tinting antiseptics. Antiseptics will still have to be used in order to preserve the original appearance of the wood for a long time and provide it with reliable protection. Varnish can also be used, but more often it is used to cover floors. If the walls are old and already have an imperfect appearance, then it is better to hide them under the decoration. Perfect fit lining, in particular the one that imitates a block house;
• room features. In some rooms, wood walls can be covered with tile, stucco, or even drywall and siding. Of course, this is justified only to ensure maximum protection for the wood.

No. 6. Wall panels

Thanks to the use of wall panels, walls can be transformed beyond recognition and completely any design idea can be realized; with their help, only certain areas are often decorated: above the bed, near the bathroom. Wall panels are made from different materials:

• wood and bamboo;
• veneered and laminated MDF;
• (transparent, matte, printed);
• leather;

Panels can be typesetting and panelboard. Stacked ones have a large length and a small width, and are connected according to the tongue-and-groove principle. Wooden lining, in fact, refers to panel wall panels, but its wide distribution and unique properties have made it possible to distinguish it into a separate class of finishing materials. Panel panels already have a more comparable length and width.

Interior decoration is an important part and the final stage of building a country house. Many people do not think about this during the construction of the foundation and installation of the log house, installation of communication systems. But when the house is already under the roof, the utility networks have been installed, the question arises of how to decorate the inside of a wooden house. Finishing “to zero” is not suitable for everyone, and it also requires special treatment of the walls with paint and varnish compounds. In addition, a house with such decoration looks empty and uncomfortable.

I want the materials to be durable, reliable, but at the same time inexpensive. And the resulting interior turned out to be cozy, comfortable and attractive. In addition, when arranging a wooden house, it is important that the products are environmentally friendly, preserve the naturalness of the structure and maintain a comfortable indoor microclimate. Today the market offers a lot of finishing materials. In this article we will look at how to cover the interior walls of a wooden house inexpensively and beautifully.

Features of the choice of finishing materials

• Pay attention to the markings. The designation E1 says that the building materials are intended for residential premises, E2 - for the hallway, kitchen, toilet, utility rooms, E3 - for public and industrial premises;
• If you use finishing materials made of wood, you can choose a class and quality that is worse than required. After this, modify the products and bring them into an aesthetic appearance yourself. For example, sand and sand, varnish and/or paint, impregnate with protective compounds, trim if necessary. Thus, you will spend less financial resources than when purchasing high-end materials;
• For rooms with high humidity (bathrooms, balconies, basements, cellars, etc.), choose moisture-resistant materials. If you use wooden products, be sure to treat the products with protective agents against the negative effects of moisture, rot and mold;
• Choose eco-friendly natural materials for furnishing a wooden house. Plastic double-glazed windows or panels would look inappropriate in such a structure. They will disrupt the environmental friendliness of the house, introduce disharmony and only spoil the interior;
• Choose durable, reliable materials and do not forget about the quality of finishing work. Remember that a wooden frame gradually shrinks, which can lead to cracks. Think over this point in advance so as not to make repairs every 3-5 years and not replace damaged cladding.

Can not use

Before determining how to sheathe the inside of a wooden house, let’s look at what materials are not suitable. When finishing, you need to abandon plastic panels and linoleum. Such products are characterized by availability and cost-effectiveness, high resistance to moisture, a wide selection of colors, and easy installation. However, the advantages of PVC outweigh its artificiality and lack of environmental friendliness. They emit a sharp toxic odor when heated, collect dust, and allow air and steam to pass through.

Linoleum is a popular affordable flooring but is not recommended for wood floors. It is not environmentally friendly and requires careful preparation of the base, since the material can only be laid on a flat surface. In addition, it does not look very appropriate in a wooden house. In rare cases, linoleum can be laid in utility rooms or the basement. However, even there it is better to lay the usual wooden boards.

OSB, fiberboard or chipboard panels are also not suitable, since harmful industrial glue is used in the manufacture of materials. In addition, these are the most environmentally friendly products that are made from wood waste. They do not have a very aesthetic appearance, so such materials are often used for rough finishing. It is also not recommended to use laminate flooring. It is not resistant to moisture, slippery and cold.

MDF wall panels are a foreign analogue of fiberboard, which is more environmentally friendly, since toxic resins and enzymes are not used when gluing individual elements. Such panels are easy to attach directly to walls. They come in a variety of designs and colors. However, they are not at all resistant to high humidity and wear.

The panels listed above are not strong enough and are not resistant to moisture. In addition, they are fire hazardous and not very attractive in appearance. When covered with such panels, the room looks more like an office or study than a living room.

But what to choose then and what is the best way to sheathe the walls inside a wooden house? A suitable option would be natural wood materials with protective impregnation. These can be planed and sanded boards, lining, veneer and other similar products. Let's take a closer look at what materials are best for finishing a country house made of timber or logs.

Wooden finishing materials

Let us immediately note that the most suitable option would be wooden lining. This is an affordable material with an attractive appearance, environmentally friendly and natural, easy to install and maintain. Thin slats are used for both ceilings and walls. If you want to create the effect of a log house, choose a block house that imitates a rounded log. One surface of the block house is semicircular, and the other is flat.

Lining is the best combination of price, quality, appearance and environmental friendliness. But if you are willing to pay, choose luxury natural wood materials. These are cork panels and solid wood panels.

Cork is a modern material that is environmentally friendly, high quality, strong and durable, and luxurious in appearance. They tolerate high humidity well and are suitable for every type of room. The only but significant disadvantage is the very high cost.

Solid boards or solid wood panels are also an expensive option, but they are also very reliable and of high quality, as they are made entirely of natural elite wood. This coating looks expensive, luxurious and prestigious. A solid array, even under heavy loads and high humidity, will easily last 30-50 years without repair.

Parquet boards are a suitable option for finishing the floor in a wooden house. This is an affordable material that is characterized by easy and quick installation. And decorative painting or varnishing will make the appearance of the parquet refined and aesthetic.

Veneer panels are an excellent budget material for covering walls. It represents a thin cut of solid wood that preserves the wood grain, color, texture and structure. For finishing, choose only natural veneer, as it is more durable and reliable.

Veneer has an attractive appearance, is characterized by ease of installation and practicality, good sound and heat insulation, and low price. But at the same time, the basis of the material is fiberboard or chipboard, so the material is not 100% environmentally friendly and cannot be used in rooms with high humidity.

Other types of budget materials

Plaster is a traditional ceiling finishing option, which is sometimes used for walls. This is an inexpensive and accessible material, easy to use and install. It will give a smooth white surface, but white color is not always appropriate in a wooden house. This material is used if it suits the style of room decoration. For example, it could be classic or French Provence.

Drywall is an affordable and quick finishing option. These are sheets of cellulose and compressed gypsum that are easy to install and secure. Modern manufacturers produce material with special processing, which increases resistance to moisture and fire. Drywall allows you to create complex design projects and install two-level ceilings. However, this is a fragile and not very aesthetic material, so it requires some work after installation (painting or wallpapering).

Ceramic or tiled tiles are suitable for finishing a bathroom, bathroom or kitchen. If you are laying tiles on the bathroom floor, choose products with a rough surface to prevent slipping and ensure safety. This material is characterized by strength, durability and increased resistance to moisture and dampness. Today you can find a lot of designer tile options, including those designed to look like wood.

But when laying tiles on wooden walls, keep in mind that you need to make a reinforced base for the material, otherwise the product will not last long! It is not necessary to completely tile the bathroom. You can sheathe only certain areas or use mosaics. By the way, the combination of mosaic and wooden materials looks very impressive and harmonious.

Lining is the best option

Wooden lining is characterized by high strength, reliability, aesthetics and 100% environmental friendliness. Such products are used for covering walls and ceilings in a wooden cottage, country house, bathhouse and sauna, balcony and loggia, and apartment. This is a universal material that is easy to install, so even a non-professional can handle the installation.

Narrow thin slats fit tightly together, form good sound and heat insulation, and level the surface of the walls and ceiling. Wooden materials look aesthetically pleasing and elegant. If you want to save money, buy grade B. After installation, defects can be hidden by coating with varnish or paint. Class A is more expensive and elite, it does not need any modification, and grade C is only suitable for rough work or finishing utility rooms.

Don't forget about the protective treatment of the lining. You can buy ready-made materials or process the wood yourself. The second option will be cheaper. The lining is installed on a sheathing made of bars. It is convenient to install hydro- and heat-insulating materials into the sheathing. The slats can be laid vertically, horizontally or diagonally.

Today you will find a wide range of linings, varying in type of wood, width and length, profile and class. Pine has the best combination of quality and price. This type of wood is suitable for a home, cottage or gazebo. For a bath, choose linden or alder, as they tolerate humidity and high temperatures well and do not heat up. After installation, you can paint the material in any color, achieve the desired shade or shine.

Is it possible to use drywall to finish a wooden house?

Drywall is the most popular finishing material, which is used both in apartments and in private houses. These are flexible sheets with a fire-resistant surface and increased moisture resistance. They create a smooth surface and hide imperfections in walls or ceilings and are easy to install.

Drywall hides pipes, wires and other communications. But the main advantage of this material is its availability and low cost. In addition, today on the market you can find slabs of different sizes, shapes and colors, which allows you to create any room design.

But drywall finishing often looks unfinished and requires final painting or wallpapering. In addition, it is a rather fragile and fragile material that may not cope with serious loads. Therefore, it is better to use drywall for creating partitions or shelving, but not for finishing a wooden house.

If you decide to use drywall, choose only high-quality products from a reliable manufacturer. Often harmful toxic substances are added to the material, which is harmful to human health and violates the environmental friendliness of a wooden house. High-quality real drywall is safe, as it is made from natural gypsum.

In the company “MariSrub” you can order the construction of a turnkey house from logs or timber! The company's craftsmen will perform all finishing work efficiently and reliably, including installation and connection of utility networks, cladding of walls, ceilings and floors, installation of windows and doors. Order complex turnkey construction and you won’t have to worry about anything!

October 5, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of summer houses, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

After a difficult journey from laying out the foundation to installing the roof of a wooden house, private builders are faced with the need to finish their future housing. On the one hand, this procedure is simpler than, for example, erecting a box, but on the other hand, it contains a number of nuances that you need to know. To help in this matter, below I will tell you in detail how to finish a wooden house from the outside and inside.

Features of exterior finishing

Wooden houses built from timber or logs look quite attractive even without finishing. Therefore, their walls are often only covered with protective impregnation. However, in some cases it is impossible to do without full finishing.

As a rule, the need for it arises if:

• The house is intended not only for summer, but also for winter holidays or permanent residence. In this case, it must be insulated;
• the house is old, as a result of which it has lost its attractiveness or even its geometry.

It should be noted that not all existing exterior finishing options are suitable for wooden houses. For example, it is better to abandon the “wet facade” technology, since it involves performing “wet” work, which is undesirable for wood. In addition, in this case, condensation may form between the insulation and the wall, which will negatively affect the durability of the structure.

Therefore, it is best to decorate the outside of a wooden house in the following ways:

• using curtain façade technology;
• by brick cladding.

Below we will take a look at each method.

Curtain façade technology

This technology consists of installing a frame on the walls, which is subsequently covered with any facade finishing material. In this case, insulation and vapor barrier can be installed in the space between the sheathing and the wall. Thus, a curtain wall is an excellent solution in cases where it is necessary to insulate a house.

The finishing process in this case includes several stages:

Preparation of materials

So, first of all, it is necessary to prepare materials for exterior finishing. For this you will need:

• protective impregnation for wood;
• interventional insulation;
• construction sealant;
• wooden beams for assembling the frame, as well as adjustable brackets or metal corners;
• vapor barrier membrane;
• thermal insulation material (if the walls will be insulated). The best option is mineral mats.

In addition, you need to decide what to decorate the outside of the walls with. There are quite a lot of options:

• wooden finishing materials - these include lining, block house, imitation timber, etc. In addition, planken finishing of facades has recently become popular. The latter is a finishing strip with beveled ends.

The main advantage of these materials is their environmental friendliness; in addition, they allow you to preserve the natural appearance of wooden housing. The price of these materials starts from 300-350 rubles per m2, and largely depends on the type of wood and its quality;

• vinyl siding is a practical coating that looks like wood. Among the advantages are resistance to moisture and negative atmospheric influences. In addition, vinyl siding is cheaper than its wooden counterparts - from 200 rubles per m2;

• metal siding is an analogue of vinyl siding, but is made of galvanized steel or aluminum. I must say that these panels look quite attractive, since a photograph of the wood texture is applied to the surface.

The disadvantages include the noise of the material during precipitation and wind, as well as high thermal conductivity. Therefore, metal siding is rarely used for cladding residential buildings. The cost of this coating starts from 400-500 rubles 1 per m2;

• facade panels - in terms of performance, they resemble vinyl siding, as they are made of PVC. The difference lies in appearance - their surface can imitate natural stone, brickwork and other materials. The cost of the panels is about the same as for vinyl siding;

• basement siding - consists of panels made of fiber cement or durable plastic. They can imitate various materials, from wood to brickwork. Their main feature is increased strength, which allows the use of panels for finishing the plinth.

The cost of basement siding starts on average from 600 rubles. for 1m2.

Each of these materials is able to decorate walls and protect them from environmental influences. Therefore, everyone must choose for themselves how best to decorate the facade, depending on their own preferences and financial capabilities.

Preparing the walls

Before finishing the exterior of the facade, the walls must be prepared. This work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. if the house has already been used, you need to dismantle the hanging parts. These include visors, ebb tides, antennas, etc.;
2. then the surface of the walls should be treated with impregnation, which will protect the walls from moisture, as well as all kinds of negative biological influences;

1. Next, it is necessary to insulate the inter-crown cracks. For these purposes, tow, special rope, polyurethane cords and other heat-insulating materials can be used. On top of the insulation, the space between the crowns can be filled with construction sealant.

This completes the preparatory work.

Frame installation

The most critical stage of work is the installation of the frame. At the same time, you can easily cope with this task yourself. The main thing is to follow a certain sequence of actions:

1. Before installing the frame posts, you should attach a vapor barrier film to the wall. The canvases must be overlapped.
   To fix the film, use a construction stapler;
2. Next, you need to attach the racks to the walls using metal brackets or corners. In itself, attaching the racks is not difficult; the only thing is that they need to be positioned vertically and in the same plane. Therefore, the process of installing them is somewhat reminiscent of installing guide beacons for plastering walls.

To ensure that the racks are located in the same plane, it is advisable to install the bars outermost from the corners, using a level. Then you need to stretch ropes between them, which will serve as beacons for intermediate posts.

Keep in mind that the distance between the posts must correspond to the width of the insulation. Moreover, in the case of using mineral mats, it is advisable to take a step a few centimeters smaller than the width of the insulation so that it fits tightly into the space;

1. When the frame is assembled, insulation should be laid. Wherein it is necessary to ensure that there are no gaps between the mats that form cold bridges;
2. then another layer of vapor barrier film is attached to the frame;
3. after that, slats are attached to the racks on top of the film, which will serve as a counter-lattice.

This completes the frame installation process.

Sheathing

The final stage is covering the frame. It must be said that all the materials described above are installed approximately the same way, with the exception of some nuances. Therefore, as an example, I will tell you how to cover the outside of a wooden house with vinyl siding:

1. First of all, the starting profile should be attached to the frame from below along the perimeter of the house using self-tapping screws. Keep in mind that it must be positioned strictly horizontally, so during the installation process it is necessary to use a building level;

1. Next, you need to install corners on the internal and external corners;
2. Now you can proceed directly to the plating. This is done very simply - they are inserted into the starting profile from below, after which they are fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws from above. In the corners, before fixing them with self-tapping screws, they should be inserted into the corner profiles;
3. then the second row of panels is installed according to the same principle, with the only difference being that their lower part is connected by a lock to the upper part of the panels of the first row;
4. Before installing the last row of panels, you should secure the finishing profile, having previously marked its position;
5. now the last row of panels is attached, which is attached to the previous row from below, and inserted into the finishing layer from above;
6. Finally, additional elements are installed - slopes, ebbs, etc.

An alternative to a suspended facade are thermal panels, which serve as insulation and at the same time a finishing material. They are attached directly to the wall without a frame using special fasteners. The cost of this material starts from 1000 rubles per square meter.

The same applies to cladding with wooden finishing materials. The only thing is that starting and finishing profiles are not used for their installation. In addition, corners on external and internal corners are installed after covering the walls.

Brick cladding

It is better to clad an old wooden house that has lost its geometry with brick. This finish is the most durable, reliably protecting external walls from external mechanical loads. In addition, such a solution will make the building much more presentable in appearance.

True, brick cladding also has some disadvantages:

• high cost of bricks - starts from 10-15 rubles per piece;
• facing masonry is a complex job that requires highly qualified masons. If you do not have the necessary experience, you will have to seek help from specialists, which will increase costs;
• brick has a lot of weight, as a result of which it is necessary to make a foundation under the facing walls.

If, despite these shortcomings, you decide to decorate the house with brick, the work should be done in this order:

1. It is necessary to begin work by preparing the facade according to the scheme described above. If necessary, you can even fix a vapor barrier on the walls and then cover them with mineral mats. The latter are attached using special umbrella dowels;
2. further along the perimeter of the house it is necessary to make a strip foundation. As a rule, a shallow foundation is sufficient, however, much depends on the characteristics of the soil. Therefore, before completing the foundation, you should consult with specialists.
   As for the process of arranging the foundation itself, you can familiarize yourself with it in detail from other articles on our resource dedicated to the construction of the foundation;
3. Next you need to waterproof the foundation. As a rule, for this purpose several layers of roofing material are laid on the base;

1. then the first three rows of masonry are erected. In the second row, the seams between the bricks should not be filled with mortar so that vents are formed to ventilate the space, as in the photo below;
2. Flexible connections are placed in the seam between the third and fourth rows, which connect the load-bearing wall to the facing wall. The step in one row should be no more than 50 cm;

1. All walls are built according to this principle. In the penultimate row under the visor, ventilation should be done, as in the second row.

This completes the exterior finishing of the wooden housing.

Finishing the house inside

Walls

Decorating the inside of a wooden house is rarely done. Most often, homeowners prefer to see natural wood walls and beams. Therefore, wooden surfaces are only treated with protective impregnation and varnish.

However, in some cases this procedure may still be required, for example, if you want to additionally insulate the house from the inside or decorate the walls with traditional materials. So the shower room, where the level of humidity is often high, is often lined with plastic panels or even ceramic tiles.

In addition, the interior decoration of an old wooden house, the walls of which have lost their natural attractiveness, may be required. In this case, it performs a purely decorative function.

It should be noted that the classic finishing option is plastering over shingles (a wooden lattice made of slats that is nailed to the walls). However, recently plaster is used extremely rarely in wooden houses for a number of reasons. Therefore, next we will consider exclusively “dry” options for interior decoration.

So, regardless of what material the walls will be sheathed with, the first step is to install the frame. Most often it is made from wooden beams.

This work is carried out like this:

1. Before finishing the walls inside the house, they need to be prepared, just like the outside - treated with a protective compound and insulated between the roof spaces;
2. if the walls will be insulated, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap. To do this, slats are attached to the walls in a horizontal position. Each belt should be located at a distance of about 50 cm;
3. then a vapor barrier film is attached to the slats. As a result, a ventilation gap should form;
4. then vertical racks are attached, according to the same principle as on external walls;
5. if necessary, the space between the racks is filled with insulation, after which another layer of vapor barrier film is stretched;
6. Next, the counter-lattice slats are installed. Keep in mind that their location depends on the location of the finishing material. For example, if the lining will be located vertically, the counter-lattice must be made horizontal.

If further decoration of the rooms will be carried out with finishing materials, for example, lining or plastic panels, then they are simply attached to the counter-lattice with self-tapping screws and connected to each other with a locking connection.

If you plan to decorate the walls with more traditional materials, for example, wallpaper or tiles, then you should cover the frame with sheet materials. The best option is GVL (gypsum fiber sheets) and gypsum board (gypsum plasterboard sheets). On our portal you can find detailed information about how these materials differ.

To decorate the bathroom, it is necessary to use moisture-resistant gypsum fiber board or gypsum plasterboard sheets.

The process of finishing walls using such sheets looks a little different:

1. First of all, the sheets need to be cut and attached to the walls with self-tapping screws. Let me remind you that the latter should be located in increments of about 25 cm. The caps of the screws must be slightly recessed;
2. after covering the walls, it is necessary to prepare the joints of the sheets for further puttying - from the ends it is necessary to remove a chamfer about 5 mm wide using a mounting knife, after which it is necessary to stick a self-adhesive reinforcing mesh;

1. Next, the surface of the walls should be treated with primer, which is applied in two layers using a painter or brushes. During this procedure, make sure that the soil is laid down in an even, thin layer.;
2. now you need to fill the joints of the sheets and the heads of the screws with starting putty;
3. After the composition dries, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. You can find out more about puttying techniques on our portal;

1. Next, the surface is pre-grinded using a special jointer and a mesh that is stretched over it. At this stage, it is necessary to remove all significant surface irregularities;
2. After this, the walls should be wiped with a damp cloth and primed again. If wallpaper or tiles are glued to the surface, the work can be completed;
3. If paint is to be applied to the walls, it is necessary to perform a final putty and carefully sand the surface with a fine mesh to remove even the smallest irregularities and scratches.

This completes the process of finishing the walls from the inside.

Ceiling

There are quite a lot of options for finishing the ceiling. Many people leave the beams exposed altogether. This gives the interior a special flavor, especially if it is decorated in a rustic style.

In this case, finishing the beams consists of treating them with protective compounds or even opening them with varnish. This procedure is not difficult at all.

If the house has a second floor, ceiling finishing may be required to ensure sound insulation. In this case, the easiest way to finish is as follows:

1. From the side of the first floor, lathing should be done. To do this, the slats need to be nailed to the floor beams;
2. Further on the side of the second floor it is necessary to lay a vapor barrier film on the sheathing;
3. then insulation is laid on the film - this can be mineral mats, ecowool or other suitable thermal insulation material;
4. after this, another layer of waterproofing is laid;
5. then a substrate should be laid on the beams, for example, cork, this will also improve sound insulation;
6. at the end of the work, floor boards are laid, after which the finishing coating is installed;

1. Now you can attach drywall, plastic panels or other finishing material to the bottom of the sheathing. The best way to decorate the ceiling is up to you to decide, taking into account the interior design and your own preferences.

It must be said that the same principle can be used to insulate the attic of a house.

Floor

Finally, I will tell you how to finish the floor in a wooden house. Of course, the installation of materials that are laid using the “dry” method is carried out according to a standard scheme and does not contain any special features. Such materials include laminate, linoleum, carpet, etc.

But performing screeding requires a special approach. The latter may be required in the bathroom or kitchen, for example, for subsequent laying of tiles.

This procedure is carried out as follows:

1. First of all, you need to properly waterproof the floor. To do this, waterproofing is laid on it with a turn on the walls. Moreover The joints must be taped;
2. then the beacons are installed, as when pouring a regular screed;
3. After this, concrete is poured according to the standard scheme. The only thing is that reinforcing fiber should be added to the composition, which is used instead of reinforcing mesh. It is advisable to avoid the latter because it can damage the waterproofing film.

Conclusion

The exterior decoration of a wooden house, like the exterior, contains a number of nuances and can be done in several ways. Above we looked at the most optimal options that allow you to preserve wooden walls and at the same time achieve the desired result. The only thing is that during the work you must strictly adhere to the above recommendations, otherwise it may affect the durability of the entire house.

If you have any questions regarding the finishing or some points are not completely clear, write in the comments and I will be happy to answer you.

October 5, 2016

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