Future perfect negation. Future Perfect Tense - future perfect tense in English

• Future Perfect Tense(perfect future tense)
• Rules for forming time, signal words
• Example sentences with Future Perfect Tense

USE

The Future Perfect tense is used to express an action that will take place at a specified moment in the future (by tonight, by the end of the year, before, and so on).

I will have moved to a new apartment by the end of the month.

By the end of the month I will have moved to a new apartment.

At the same time, it is important for us to emphasize the end of the action.

EDUCATION TIMEFUTUREPERFECT

Let's look at the formation of the affirmative, negative and interrogative tenses of the Future Perfect.

The affirmative form of the Future Perfect is formed using the auxiliary verb to have in the future tense, namely ‘ will have’ and a past tense verb, i.e. verb ending -ed, or the 3rd form of irregular verbs - participles 2:

She will have arrived at the station by tonight.

She will arrive at the station in the evening.

They will have built a new house by the end of the year.

They will complete the new house by the end of the year.

In the negative form to the auxiliary verb will particle is added not, which has the short form won’ t.

One of the most difficult tenses in English for a Russian-speaking person is the Future Perfect Continuous Tense. This is due to the fact that there is simply no analogue of the future perfect continuous in Russian. In the Future Perfect Continuous we are always talking about two actions in the future, one of which will begin earlier, but will continue at the time the other occurs. In Russian, this time corresponds to phrases like: “I will have been working on this project for three hours by the time my colleague returns” or “At night I will have already been asleep for two hours when your plane lands.” Of course, Russian people sometimes think in this way, but in general it is not very common for us to compare two actions in the future. However, native English speakers do not refer to this time too often.

In fact, making friends with the Future Perfect Continuous is not at all difficult. After all, there are very few cases of using this tense in English. All you have to do is remember the scheme for constructing sentences with the future perfect continuous. A, which are quite easily recognizable and often intuitive, will help to accurately determine that we are talking about exactly this tense.

In what cases is the Future Perfect Continuous used?

As we have already said, there are very few situations in which we turn to the Future Perfect Continuous, and to be precise, only two:

1. If we are talking about continuous actions, the duration of which is indicated at a certain point in the future. For example, By the time of his birthday they have been dating for 5 years. - By his birthday they will have been dating for 5 years.
2. If a long-term action that began earlier will cause a subsequent action in the future. For example, She will be tired when she gets home because she will have been traveling for over 24 hours. - She will be tired when she returns home, because by that time she will have been on the road for more than 24 hours.

It is also important to understand here that if in a subordinate clause in a statement with the Future Perfect Continuous there is a conjunction when (when), then we are turning not to the Future Simple, but to the Present Simple:

When I finish(not I"ll finish) my work she will have been sleeping for over an hour. - When I finish my work, she will have been sleeping for over an hour.

How are sentences constructed in the future perfect continuous tense?

Future Perfect Continuous from the point of view of grammar is a fusion of three tenses: future simple (Future Simple), perfect (Perfect) and simple continuous (Continuous). Therefore, elements of all three of the above English tenses will participate in the formation of this temporary structure. From the future Future Perfect Continuous takes the auxiliary verb will, from the perfect - have been, and from the continuous - the ing form of the semantic verb. We can also say that we get the future perfect continuous tense by adding the auxiliary verb to be in the form Future Perfect (will have been) to the semantic verb with ending ing. From here we deduce simple formula to construct an affirmative sentence in the Future Perfect Continuous:

Subject + will have been + semantic verb ending in ing.

Johnny will have been studying for 3 hours by the time she arrives. - Johnny will have been studying for 3 hours by the time she arrives.

By the end of the year Jane will have been teaching us for 5 years. - By the end of the year, Jane will have been teaching us for 5 years.

By the time she gets here, we will have been working for 12 hours. - By the time she gets here, we will have been working for 12 hours.

At the same time, in most often act as adverbs of time and are placed both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence.

The question is constructed by rearranging the subject and the auxiliary verb will:

Question word (if present) + will + subject + have been + Ving?

Will they have been eating cake for 15 minutes by the time you bring them coffee? - Will they have been eating the cake for 15 minutes by the time you bring them coffee?

Will I have been feeling better by the time the exams start? - Will I feel better by the time the exams start?

Will I have been working for 5 hours when he finds us? - I’ll have been working for 5 hours already, when will he find us?

In order to express any negative thought, you will need to place the negative particle not (in the abbreviated version won"t) between will and have been:

Subject + will + not + have been + Ving.

By the end of the year Kate will not have been studying Spanish for 3 years. - By the end of this year, Kate will not have studied Spanish for three years.

By the time you bring them coffee they will not have been eating cake for 15 minutes. - By the time you bring them coffee, they won’t eat the cake for 15 minutes.

We won't have been living here for 5 years by next June. - We will not have lived here for 5 years by next June.

Future Perfect Continuous: markers

Future Perfect Continuous markers - these are most often whole phrases, that is, quite cumbersome constructions, although there are also individual words. It is not difficult to remember the indicators of the future perfect continuous tense. In fact, the list of markers of this time includes a couple of words and several similar constructions.

Time indicators Future Perfect Continuous. List

• Till and until (not yet).I will have been watching TV until you come. - I'll watch TV until you come.
• for 2 (3, 4, 5...) hours (for/already 2, 3, 4, 5... hours).When you arrive, Julia will have been working for 5 hours. - When you arrive, Julia will have been working for 5 hours.
• for 2 (3, 4, 5...) weeks (for/already 2, 3, 4, 5... weeks).By the end of the summer the workers will have been constructing this swimming pool for 3 weeks. - By the end of summer, workers will have been building the pool for 3 weeks.
• for a year (2, 3, 4... years) - during the year (2, 3, 4 years).By the end of the year they will not have been dating for 2 years. By the end of the year, they will not have dated for 2 years.
• by the end of the hour (by the end of the hour).By the end of the hour she will have been waiting for him for 30 minutes. - By the end of the hour she will have been waiting for him for 30 minutes.
• by the end of the morning/evening (by the end of the morning/evening).By the end of the morning I will have been waiting for more than 3 hours. - By the end of the morning I will have been waiting for more than 3 hours.
• by the end of the day (by the end of the day).By the end of the day my mother will have been cooking for 5 hours. - By the end of the day, my mother will have been cooking for 5 hours.
• by the end of the month (by the end of the month).By the end of the month I will have been studying English for 10 days. - By the end of the month I will be learning English for 10 days.
• by the end of the year (by the end of the year).By the end of the year John will have been working there for 10 month. - By the end of the year, John will have been working there for 10 months.

It turns out that to identify Future Perfect Continuous is helped by indicator words till/until and phrases starting with the prepositions for and by. That is, if the statement says that by the end of a certain period or/and during a certain time interval actions will take place, then most likely we are talking about the future perfect continuous tense.

Examples with Future Perfect Continuous

In order to get used to the peculiarities of this time, it is recommended to read as much as possible and compose sentences on your own. As a starting point, you can take ready-made examples, adapting them to your life situations. When buildingFuture Perfect Continuous indicator wordsextremely important. Without them, the sentence of the future perfect continuous will be incomplete. By this time we can turn to describe both ordinary situations related to work, study, leisure, and to predict some important events from the world of science and art that will happen in the future. Here are some more example sentences with the Future Perfect Continuous:

1. Betsy won't have been living in London for five years next summer. - By next summer, Betsy won't have lived in London for five years.
2. By 10 o"clock Jacky will have been writing the article for 3 hours non-stop. - By 10 o'clock Jacky will have been writing the article for three hours non-stop.
3. They won't have been waiting for more than 3 hours when their train finally arrives. - They won't wait more than 3 hours when their train finally arrives.
4. By the end of the month my aunt will have been living with her husband for 10 years. - By the end of the month, my aunt will have been living with her husband for 10 years.
5. Next week this American scientist will have been studying the human brain for 5 years. - Next week it will be 5 years since this American scientist has been studying the human brain.
6. For how many years will James have been taking part in the Film Festival in Moscow by that time? - How many years will James take part in the film festival in Moscow by then?
7. When my parents come home my brother will have been talking to his friend for 3 hours. - When my parents come home, my brother will talk to his friend for 3 hours.
8. How long will you have been talking to your friend when the film starts? - How long will you talk to your friend when the movie starts?
9. She won"t have been listening to music for 2 hours when you come. - She won’t listen to music for 2 hours when you come.
10. By the end of the year people will not have been living on the moon for a year. - By the end of the year, people will not live on the moon for a year.
11. By July I will have been studying English for five months. - By July I will have been studying English for five months.
12. He will have been working at that company for 5 years when it finally closes. - He will work for this company for 5 years when it finally closes.

In addition to the above-mentioned time markers starting with the words by the end, the preposition for, as well as the conjunction when (when), in the presented examples you can also notice the followingFuture Perfect Continuous tense indicators, such as the adjective next, which is generally characteristic of the future.

It is important to understand that some sentences in the Future Perfect Continuous may sound ridiculous when translated literally into Russian. A Russian-speaking person is unlikely to say that by the end of this month his aunt will have been married to his uncle for 10 years. After all, this same idea can be formulated much more simply by saying that at the end of the month it is the relatives’ wedding anniversary. This is why translating phrases with the Future Perfect Continuous can sometimes cause some difficulties. To avoid this, it is important to understand in what cases this tense is used.

Future Perfect Tense is another tense form of the English language that expresses a completed action, but in the future tense. At first glance, this topic should cause a lot of difficulties for a Russian-speaking person. But it's actually quite simple. Future Perfect Tense simply specifies a future action. Future Perfect Tense Meaning

What is Future Perfect Tense?

Future Perfect Tense expresses an action or event that will be completed before a specified point in the future tense. The action expressed in the Future Perfect can be called “pre-future”, because it will already end by the specified moment.

As a rule, Future Perfect Tense is translated into Russian by a verb of the future perfect tense. Often during translation the adverb “already” is added.

The future perfect tense of the English language is extremely rarely used both in spoken language and in writing. It is usually replaced by a simpler tense form - Future Simple Tense. The tense form of the Future Perfect is used only when it is necessary to emphasize that the action will be completed at a specified moment in the future.

Future Perfect Tense Education Rules

Future Perfect Tense is formed using the auxiliary verb to have in the Future Simple Tense (will have/shall have) and the past participle of the semantic verb (Past Participle).

Past Participle is formed by adding the ending -ed to regular verbs. In the case of irregular verbs, you need to refer to the III form in the table of irregular verbs.

Mean + will have/shall have + Past Participle …

To form an interrogative sentence, it is necessary to place the auxiliary verb will / shall in first place before the subject, and leave the rest of the tense form (have and Past Participle) after the subject.

Will/ Shall + Mean + have + Past Participle …

Negative sentences are formed using the negative particle not, which is placed after the first auxiliary verb Will/ Shall. In colloquial speech they merge into one whole:

• will not - won't
• shall not - shan’t

Mean + will/shall + not + have + Past Participle …

Conjugation table for the verb to develop in Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense is used:

I. To express a future action that will be completed before a certain point in the future. This point can be indicated:

1. With such adverbial words that indicate the time by which the action will be completed:

• by 2020 — by 2020
• by that time - by that time
• by the end of the week − by the end of the week
• by Monday - by Monday

• By the end of the week I shall have given up smoking - By the end of the week I will quit smoking
• We will have left this countryside by the end of the year - We will leave the village by the end of this year
• By Saturday she’ll have finished her project - By Saturday she will have finished her project

2. Another future action in the subordinate clause of time and condition expressed by a verb in the Present Simple Tense. It is assumed that by the time this action begins, the action in the main clause (expressed by a verb in the Future Perfect Tense) will have already ended. As a rule, with such unions as:

• before − before
• when - when

• I’ll have seen you before you leave - I’ll see you before you leave
• He’ll have left before I arrive at the station - He will leave before I arrive at the station
• We’ll have repaired this refrigerator before you return - We will fix this refrigerator before you return

But in the subordinate clauses themselves, instead of Future Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Tense. Example:

• I’ll buy you an ice-cream if you have done your lessons − I’ll buy you ice cream if you do your homework

3. This point can be understood from the context. Example:

• 2 years! Everyone will have forgotten us! - 2 years! Everyone will already forget us!

II. To express a past intended action. In this case, the use of Future Perfect Tense is not associated with the future tense, it replaces the construction must + Perfect Infinitive. Such sentences are translated into Russian using the past tense with the words “probably” or “should be”. Examples:

• They’ll have heard the news about my father’s new invention - They must have heard about my father’s new invention
• The viewer will have noticed their positive attitude to any form of democracy - The viewer probably noticed their positive attitude towards any form of democracy

Although the Future Perfect Tense is very rare in English language, do not neglect studying it. Who knows, you may have to encounter him more than once.

Watch the following video lessons on the topic:

"Future Perfect Tense - Future Perfect Tense"

How often do we plan to achieve any success in the future, discuss, and set deadlines for implementation. Future Perfect will help convey your aspirations, goals and intentions in English.

Like all other perfect tenses, Future Perfect speaks of the completion of some action, but in the future. The form is very similar to its Perfect counterparts, but has fewer uses. And some of them have a spicy twist.

Education

As with all future tenses, you will need auxiliary verbs will/shall. Remember that shall is used with the subjects I and we, and will with all others. Although this feature slightly contradicts itself. The rules of modern English allow the use of will with all pronouns. Besides this, we will need have, which at this time also functions as an auxiliary verb. The predicate is in the form V 3 or V ed(3rd column of irregular verbs or, if the verb is regular, then add - ed). Let's look at how all this coexists in different types of sentences.

And of course, to help your speech reach your interlocutor’s thoughts faster, you can use short or abbreviated forms . They are absolutely standard.

I shall = I’ll, They will = they’ll

I shall have spent = I’ll have spent

shall not= shan’t

will not = won't

He won't have spent

Using Future Perfect Tense

Fortunately, this tense has only two uses that are easy to understand.

• Action will end at some point in the future , which can be indicated by a time circumstance, for example, before (before), by (to), by the time (by that time), by then (by that time or then) or another future action. Often used are conjunctions such as till/untill, which are used only in negative sentences. Let's look at examples of the Future Perfect in this meaning.

The match will have been finished by 9.30. — The match will end at 9.30.

Tomorrow is Ted and Ann’s wedding aniversary. Tomorrow these man and woman will have been married for 25 years. — Ted and Anna have an anniversary. Tomorrow this man and woman will have been married for 25 years.

I think the game will have finished by the time when he comes. - I think the game will end when he arrives.

Chuck came to Russia some years ago. Next week he will have been here two years. — Chuck came to Russia several years ago. Next week it will be 2 years since he has been here.

When Tom arrives, Jill will have gone to bed. — When Tom arrives, Jill will be sleeping.

I will not have finished this work till you bring me my books. I won't finish my work until you bring my books.

Unfortunately, she will not have spoken to him untill he calls. “Unfortunately, she won’t talk to him until he calls.”

• Another case of use, which slightly complicates the picture of the perfect future tense with its specific features, can be called transfer past intended action. It is translated into Russian as “probably”, “should be”. But, you can immediately calm down, you don’t often come across such a phrase in colloquial speech. This construction, with a probability value, is more used in newspapers, magazines and other articles.

Everybody will have read in the papers about the president’s decision. “Everyone must have read in the newspapers about the president’s decision.

The reader will have noticed crazy prices on the market. — The reader probably noticed crazy prices on the market.

Comparison of future tenses with Future Perfect

This tense is also used in Passive Voice. The usage cases are identical to the active voice, but the form is slightly different.

will/ shall + have + been + V 3 (V ed)

The text will have been translated by the next lesson. — The text will be translated for the next lesson.

The composition will have been written by 5 o’clock tomorrow. — The letter will be written by 5 o’clock.

This is all the information on Future Perfect. In terms of education, you will have to strain a little and remember, but using this time the task is much easier. If a moment or event is indicated by which the main action will be completed, then feel free to use the future completed tense.

Long name, long formation formula and only one function in the language. If you have already guessed, we are talking about the Future Perfect Continuous or the Future Perfect Continuous and everything connected with it: rules of formation, cases of use, indicator words.

Name

In English there is more than one, or even two ways of expressing the future tense. But today we are not talking about this, or rather about one of the many means - about the temporary form of the Future Perfect Continuous. It is translated into Russian as Future Perfect Long time. The concept of Future is simple: it describes an event that will occur in the future. But what kind of action this is - helps to understand the aspect of Perfect Continuous (Perfect-long or Perfect Continuous).

Already from the name it becomes clear that it indicates that the action being described is a process that began and continued before another action or until a certain period of time. Combining these two components - time and aspect, we get the rule: the temporary form of Future Perfect Continuous means that we have before us an event that will occur earlier than another future event and will last at this moment.

Rules and examples of Future Perfect Continuous tense

An explanation of when the Future Perfect Continuous is used and what it means will become clear with the help of sentences in English with translation:

Nextyear a famous scientist will have been studying animal habits for 10years- Next year it will be 10 years since the famous scientist studied the habits of animals.

When my sisters come home my mother will have been cleaning the flat for one hour- When my sisters come home, my mother will have already cleaned the room within an hour.

In all three examples before us are extended actions: will have been studying - studies, will have been taking part - takes part, will have been cleaning - cleans. The described events last for a certain period (for 10 years - for 10 years, for how many days - for how many days, for one hour - for one hour) and will last until a specific moment in the future (next year - in the next year, by that time - by this time).

However, they may stop during this period or continue further. The event can continue not only until the set time, but also until the intended action, as given in the third sentence: when my sisters come - when my sisters come.

Notice the words that describe a specific time in the future. They are Future Perfect Continuous time markers. You can add other indicator words to the same list: till/until - before, for 5 weeks - for five weeks, by the end of the hour/day/month/year - by the end of the hour/day/month /of the year.

Education

The long name of the time implies a long formula of formation. Indeed, it consists of several formulas combined into one. Will/Shall is an auxiliary verb of the future tense (Future). Design aspect Perfect(Perfect) is a combination of the auxiliary verb have + the 3rd form of the verb, and the Continuous is be + verb + -ing. Their addition leads to the following construction: subjects + will/shall + have been + main verb + -ing. The table shows how it “works” in practice in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences:

TOP 3 articleswho are reading along with this

According to the classical English rule for the first person singular and plural The auxiliary verb of the future tense is shall (I/ We shall). But modern language simplifies existing orders and therefore using will instead of shall is not a mistake.

What have we learned?

Today we answered a number of questions about the Future Perfect Continuous tense: when it is used, grammatical formula, negative and interrogative construction, basic indicator words.

Test on the topic

Article rating

Average rating: 4.4. Total ratings received: 61.