Artificial pond - creating a reservoir at your dacha with your own hands. Do-it-yourself pond What can be done in place of a pond

Many owners of suburban areas are entertained by the idea of installing a pond at their dacha. If you belong to this category, but the high cost of this event stops you, then we provide you step by step guide. Following it, you will make not just a decorative pond, but also place fish in it, create a beautiful design, as in the photo - and all this with your own hands.

How to Choose the Right Pond Location and Configuration

Because the artificial pond If there is an interesting highlight on the site, then you should not modestly place it somewhere to the side. The pond should be noticed immediately upon entering the site. It is meant to be admired and admired. Even at the planning stage, you need to rely on the following 9 factors:

Attention! Strong lighting promotes intense heating of the water, which leads to a decrease in oxygen levels. This has a detrimental effect on the fish living in the pond.

Step-by-step arrangement of a pond with your own hands

Setting up a pond on a property seems complicated to many, but you just have to want it and this creative process will captivate you so that all difficulties fade into the background. There are 2 basic options creating a pond: based on a ready-made container and using a polymer film. By purchasing a mold made of PVC or fiberglass, the construction time for a pond can be significantly reduced. The procedure itself is extremely simple:

digging a pit;
set the form;

An irregularly shaped pond looks better

fill voids with sand;
plants are planted;
fill the bowl with water.

Attention! A fiberglass bowl with rubber reinforcement is more reliable.

The version of a pond based on a polymer film gives more freedom in choosing the shape of the reservoir. In this case, both simple polyethylene film and PVC, which have a longer service life, are used. But the most reliable is the butyl rubber membrane. Let's look at how to equip a pond using film:

Place waterproofing materials at the bottom of the pond

Some summer residents, before pouring sand, coat the foundation pit with a layer of clay and let it dry. This allows you to ideally smooth out irregularities, which is guaranteed to preserve the integrity of the film.

Tip: to make the film more elastic, keep it in the sun before installation.

Choosing a Pond Filter

If you decide to add fish to your pond, you will have to purchase a filter to provide them with comfortable conditions. The filter will clean the water from food residues, waste products of the inhabitants of the reservoir, nitrogen, and will not allow harmful bacteria and algae to multiply excessively. There are many models of this device, but when choosing, you should proceed from the volume of the pond.

The most popular are economical and easy-to-use pressure filters. They are not visible in the water, since they can be installed both at depth and in the ground on the shore. And they are used for reservoirs with a volume of less than 60 cubic meters. m. Most pressure filters are equipped with a 3-stage filtration system: mechanical, biological, ultraviolet. Having such a filter, you can arrange a fountain, because... it lifts filtered water to a height of 2 meters.

Buy a water purification filter

For a larger reservoir, a flow filter with less complex design than pressure. The water supplied by the pump is purified in the filtration compartment and then flows back into the pond via a waterfall. It often purifies hundreds of liters of water, so it’s hard not to notice it on the shore. You will have to pay a decent amount for such a device, but, oddly enough, making it yourself is not at all difficult.

For this you need a submersible pump and some kind of container. Holes are drilled in the bottom and walls of the vessel, filled with filtering components - foam rubber rolled into rolls, expanded clay wrapped in agrofibre, washcloths, foam mats. The stream of water supplied by the pump to the container, having been cleaned, flows into the pond by gravity.

Selecting plants for the pond

In the coastal zone, low plants are planted - shade-loving or vice versa, it all depends on the location of the home lake. Hostas create a picturesque picture on the shore of the lake, while blue ones prefer shade, and green ones prefer partial shade.

Sedge grows well in the shade with narrow leaves, sometimes growing up to 0.8 m. In partial shade, the unpretentious loosestrife with beautiful purple inflorescences feels great. Molinia is planted in a sunny place.

A fern of any kind will decorate well the shore of a pond located in partial shade. It grows well in moist soil. Astilbe also loves the same conditions. Low-growing species are suitable for planting near a pond.

To make the pond look natural, plant plants along its banks.

If the pond is large enough, plant peltiphyllum (darmera) on the shore - a perennial, in the form of bushes with a diameter of up to 0.5 m and a height of up to 1 m, a plant with notched, round-shaped leaves.

On the second level, water lilies are traditionally planted in the pond. Hybrid nymphs are distinguished by a variety of flower colors, but you should not overload the pond with many specimens, they grow and only interfere with each other.

Sunny shallow water - a good place for calamus. In a large reservoir, a marshy one looks organic, and in a small reservoir, a low calamus grass. Some types of irises also prefer to be in low water.

The unpretentious whitewing is a popular pond plant. In May-June, a flower in the form of a cob appears on it, and then red berries, but do not forget that they are poisonous.

The aquatic hawthorn, which smells like vanilla, grows very much in water, reaching a diameter of 0.5 m. It belongs to deep-sea plants. It looks original, covering the pond with a green carpet, miniature, floating on the surface of the azolla. But you will have to fight it, periodically catching bushes that look like ferns.

Feel free to make your dream come true! Don't let them scare you possible difficulties, in most cases, fears are exaggerated.

Do-it-yourself pond at the dacha: video

Pond in landscape design: photo

Having your own artificial pond at your dacha has ceased to be a luxury; now anyone can build such a masterpiece. Such a structure can be aesthetic and functional. Some ponds are designed to decorate the landscape, others are intended for swimming or fish farming. Even just watching the water in a pond calms you down and improves your mood. It’s easy to make a pond on your site, just understand the basic nuances.

Peculiarities

For some people, an artificial pond is not a decoration, but a necessity. If you have a pesky stream running through your property or have long put up with waterlogged soil, a pond will greatly improve your situation. It is best to build a pond in the spring. There are many options for building a pond yourself, which involve the use of special expensive materials or affordable (even improvised) means. Such construction does not require much time, effort and money. All you need is attention to detail and strict adherence to recommendations.

Kinds

An artificial pond at the dacha is built for various purposes. It is by this criterion that the following types can be distinguished:

Small. A small pond becomes part of the landscape design. It is designed to decorate a specific area in the garden. Near such a pond you can read a book in a chair, but it does not involve active recreation.
Decorative. Deeper than the previous version. Such a pond has a fountain inside, lighting around the perimeter, an openwork bridge and other decorative elements. The purpose of decorative ponds is to attract all the attention. Such reservoirs are located near a gazebo or open terrace.
For fish breeding. This pond will delight fishermen, children and cats. The beautiful fish are a pleasure to watch, and many species are great for dinner. It is important not only to launch the fish, but also to create comfortable conditions for them to reproduce.
For swimming. Your own pond on the site is a good alternative to a simple pool. Such a pond is not limited only to aesthetic properties, but also provides benefits. A small pond will provide an opportunity to cool off in the heat, while a deep and large one will allow you to swim and play water games.

Small

For fish breeding

Decorative

Key issues such as location, size, shape and stylistic design are decided based on the type of reservoir. Therefore, first set a clear goal for yourself, only then move on to the next steps.

Material

Modern manufacturers offer a wide variety of materials for self-made pond. It all depends on your goals and financial capabilities. For the right choice All possible options must be carefully explored. To construct a swimming pond, a good option would be to build a concrete bowl.

Filling the pond allows it to be used long time. This option is quite expensive, but reliable. More suitable and affordable option– polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or fiberglass. The reliability of the materials allows the bowl to be used for 5 to 30 years, this directly depends on the work performed and the type of material. Both options for creating a pond allow you to create the desired depth and shape.

Purchased forms – simplified version. You just need to dig a pit, install a mold and reinforce the structure with sand. Plastic bowls are quite durable and can easily withstand winter frosts. Polypropylene bowls are afraid ultraviolet rays and become unusable due to their prolonged exposure. The disadvantages of such structures are the rather high price and difficult transportation.

It will be difficult to bring a bowl under a large pond to its destination without damage. Moreover, you will need basic skills in installing such structures; it is difficult for beginners to cope with such a task without damaging the bowl.

The most reliable film is considered to be butyl rubber, made from rubber. Experts recommend using this material for those who have a pond of impressive depth, a bottom with many stones and roots. You can enjoy a pond with such waterproofing for 50 years. Big advantage The material is its favorable reaction to repeated freezing and thawing. Specialized materials are the preferred option, but not the only one. Craftsmen offer the following options:

Old bath. Such an object can be painted and installed on the surface, or it can be lowered into the ground to an arbitrary depth. You can easily install a small fountain along with a pond.
Tires. Variably, tires or wheels are used as the frame of a small pond.
Basin. The installation method is similar to a bathtub. The item itself is so light that such ponds are often made by children and women, whereas they cannot handle a bathtub. It is important to pay Special attention decor so as not to overload the space with details.
Plastic bottles. This material makes it possible to create small reservoirs with maximum speed. It is enough to cut the eggplant at the desired level and dig it in the right place.

Keep in mind that the material determines how long you will enjoy your summer cottage pond. It is important to choose materials that do not harm the environment. Otherwise, toxins will penetrate into the soil, and this will affect your harvest.

Size

It cannot be stated unequivocally that a large pond will cost more than a small one or will have better aesthetic properties. The best options need to be selected based on your goals. Key factors when choosing size:

Dimensions. This parameter depends solely on the location of the reservoir. It is believed that the reservoir should cover no more than 3-10% of the area of the entire summer cottage. Clear boundaries no, it all depends on your preferences.
Lenght and width. This criterion also largely depends on the size of the site, the purpose of the reservoir and your capabilities. The latter concerns digging a pit - you can dig a small one yourself, but for a large one you will need special equipment.
Depth. The larger the pond, the deeper it can be made. Thus, a mini-structure can have a depth of several tens of centimeters, and a swimming pond - several meters.

Zoning is relevant for large bodies of water. Design experts recommend dividing the pond into 3 zones. Coastal zone– 10-40 cm deep for approaching the pond and landing ornamental plants. Shallow water zone - from 40 cm to 1 m; at this depth you can plant a winter-hardy water lily or nymph. If this is a body of water for swimming, then this is the area that will make it possible to smoothly enter the water. Children can swim at shallow depths. The deep-water zone is more than 1 meter deep, adults can swim here, and fish are also bred at this depth.
Biodynamic balance. It is necessary to take this factor into account if various kinds of living creatures live in the pond. Provide such a balance that the artificial pond can clean itself. Purification of water in a pond with fish or plants using chlorine or ozone is not provided.
Care. As a general rule, the larger the pond, the easier it is to clean. Be sure to think about ways to care for plants, fish, and the pond itself.

Location

It is very important to position the pond correctly. Especially if we are talking about a large-scale structure that will serve you for many years. Important Factors when choosing a place:

Plot size. This factor is closely related to the size of the pond itself, and therefore to its location.
Relief. It is important to consider the combination of the topography of the earth with the shape of the pond itself.
Soil composition and groundwater. This factor is directly related to the maximum depth of the pond. If the circumstances are unfavorable, you will face additional hassle and material costs.
Illumination. Choose a shaded place. The sun should not be on the water for more than 5-6 hours a day. Neglect of this factor leads to active evaporation of water and increased bacterial activity. To select the right location, observe the solar regime for 2-3 days. It is especially important to correctly evaluate this criterion when breeding fish. Heated water reduces the amount of oxygen, which can lead to the death of pets.
Visibility. Choose a place so that the pond can be seen from a window or gazebo. A decorative pond will become the calling card of your site if it is noticeable at the entrance to the territory.

Reflection. Oddly enough, it is better to think in advance what will be reflected in your pond. If the reflection includes a toilet in the yard or a shed, this can ruin the overall impression.
Degree of landscaping. Make sure that tree roots cannot damage the pond bowl. Also keep in mind that in the fall, leaves and branches may fall into the pond and turn into sludge at the bottom. Carelessness when choosing the right place can lead to difficulties in caring for the pond. If you really want to decorate the perimeter of the pond with bushes, then consider the option of plants in barrels (tubs).
Electricity supply. Some decorative elements are powered by electricity. So, you can install an interesting fountain, make lighting and much more. The main thing is to carefully consider the option of supplying electricity to water. It is better to think through this issue at the design stage. It is safest to place the wires underground in a secure corrugation. For permanent access to them, equip a hatch.
Future expansions and improvements. Plan ahead. You may want to expand the pond or develop a more detailed recreation area near it. Provide free space on at least one side of the pond.

Color

The tone of the waterproofing is of great importance and affects the overall image. The black bottom creates the illusion of a mirror. In such a reservoir, plants and the sky are perfectly reflected. The brown and black material allows you to create an imitation of natural soil, which is usually located at the bottom of a reservoir.

Blue and cream ponds do not strongly resemble the creation of nature, but they are excellent option when breeding colorful fish. Also, blue and grayish tones are great for the body of water in which you are going to swim. These colors imitate the bottom of the pool.

Thus, the color should be chosen based on the purpose. The decorative pond will be closer to its natural appearance thanks to the dark bottom. For breeding fish and swimming, you should choose bright hues, up to white.

Forms

It is almost impossible to describe all the shapes of ponds, because the imagination of design masters knows no bounds. Conventionally, we can distinguish between regular geometric shapes and fantasy ones. Among the first, the most popular designs are in the shape of a circle, oval, and rectangle. Fantasy forms are more whimsical, and this is their charm. Such ponds are most similar to the creation of nature, which does not tolerate severity. Among the popular forms, one can highlight the imitation of a natural form.

Style and design

Design specialists responsibly declare that a country pond can be made in two versions, but they can have many modifications. Design options:

Formal. The name speaks for itself. Such a country pond has clear geometric shapes. This option is well suited for areas in the style of modern, high-tech, minimalism, and classic. Formal ponds include not only rectangular, square and round ponds. This also includes broken figures; they can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. The design of such ponds is strict. Classic neutral colors are used. A formal reservoir is characterized by a small number of additional decorative elements or their complete absence.
Landscape. This option is more popular than the previous one. Such a pond has an unclear coastline and is close to its natural appearance. Exactly landscape style makes it possible to create a harmonious balance between an artificial reservoir and nature itself. You can realize your wildest ideas. Before choosing a pond style, evaluate the topography of the site. Level ground guarantees the embodiment of any fantasy shape.

Raises and depressions in the ground require careful design, but make it possible to easily build a cascade or waterfall. On intricate terrain, bridges and slides look more natural.

A suitable relief can be created artificially. It will be necessary to use more sophisticated technologies when working with the foundation. Carelessness will lead to distortion due to subsidence of the earth. A high pond (located above ground) is also possible as part of the landscape design. There are many advantages of this design:

Easy to care for.
Minimum amount of excavation work.
Safety of children and pets.

The bathtub pond is the most striking example of such a reservoir. You can paint on the walls in Japanese style, which looks organic in the garden. This element will complement the overall landscape design of the site.

How to do it yourself?

The construction of a pond should be carried out according to clear instructions. This way you can properly dig out the boiler and lay down waterproofing. Construction of a pond using film step by step:

Making a pond starts with a plan. Choose a convenient scale and draw absolutely everything, including the depth of each zone. It is recommended at this stage to think about decorative design. This is especially important if you are planning to build a pond with a waterfall. A detailed plan will help you avoid mistakes.
Now you need to mark the future pit. This can be done using a rope stretched over pegs, a rubber hose, or even sand (draw an outline with it). It is important that the banks are at the same height. Start digging a pit based on the plan. Check their level from time to time.
It's time for excavation work. Dig a hole the depth of which will correspond to the depth of the coastal zone. Make markings and fix the burial line. Arrange the second tier and make a line for digging the deepest zone of the future pond. It is better to carry out excavation work together, and for a large pond, even hire an excavator.

After the hole is dug, you need to measure the dimensions and depth. Do this with a cord. To the resulting number, add 50 cm on each side of the pit. Now you know how much PVC film you need to purchase.
Cover the hole tightly with film. Geotextiles can be laid underneath to prevent tree roots from damaging the waterproofing over time. In addition, the structure can be strengthened using roofing felt or linoleum. You can also strengthen the shore and bottom using tightly compacted sand. It is recommended to perform this procedure on a sunny day, so the film will heat up and lie more tightly on all the bends of the pit.
The edges of the film must be tucked into a pre-prepared trench around the perimeter of the pond. Next, you need to fill the trench with crushed stone or other stone. This way you will ensure reliable fixation of the film.

The bank should be strengthened so that over time the earth does not crumble. Reinforce the edge of the pond with stone blocks or plastic pipes, they need to be nailed to pegs. It is recommended to lay out the edge natural stone and complete the picture with large boulders.
At this stage it is necessary place plants that will decorate the pond, into special baskets and install them in the right places in accordance with the plan. Line the bottom with small stones or gravel.

It's time to fill the pond with water. The best assistant there will be a hose for you. Carrying water in buckets is not convenient, especially if the reservoir is large. Standing water can cause many problems, including an unpleasant odor. To eliminate this complexity, you can make the pond a stream. To do this, simply raise the source slightly above the level of the pond, and supply water to it from the bowl itself using a pump. This device will save you from unnecessary hassle.
Installation submersible pump , pipes to the stream source and filter connection – final stage technical work. It is recommended to use a pressure filter to purify water; it is more effective.

More household option a pond from an old bathtub can be made in such a way that the old plumbing will be unrecognizable in the magical composition. The process of constructing a pond can be performed according to the following instructions:

Dig a hole for the bathtub so that the depth of the pit is 40 cm higher than the tank itself.
Finish the edges of the hole. Remove 35-45 cm of soil around the perimeter.
Deepen these strips so that the height is equal to the height of the bathtub.

Be sure to close the bathtub drain. You can use concrete or film for waterproofing. After this, lower the bathtub into the hole.

Paste over inner part bathtubs with small tiles or paint them with waterproof paint in the desired color. After this, cover the bathtub and leave until completely dry.
Cover the perimeter of the bath with a chain-link mesh. This material is rightfully considered the best for reinforcement.
Cover the chain-link with a mixture of sand and cement.
Swipe decorative works. For this you can use stones, tiles, gravel and similar materials.

Required Tools

The amount of inventory depends on how complex and varied the pond you want to create. To build a simple pond, you will need:

Shovel.
Ground trolley.
Building level.
Cord for marking.
Pegs.
Water supply hose.
Film for waterproofing a pond or any other base.

Such a minimum list is always needed. In addition to the above, you may need fencing. This will keep your animals and children safe. Decorative fences significantly affect the overall appearance artificial reservoir.

Technique

To create a more complex composition, you need to acquire additional equipment:

Water purification filter. This is especially important if you are creating a fish pond.
Water pump. This device is used for pumping and pumping water, operating filters, fountains and waterfalls.
Sterilizer. This device guarantees crystal clear water in the pond.
Aerator (compressor). The device saturates the water with oxygen. Relevant in a pond with fish and plants. It is important to choose a model specifically for the pond; models for aquariums do not have the required power. You may have to use an excavator to dig the pit.

Water purification filter

Water pump

Aerator

Plants and additional accessories

As a decoration, you can install a decorative fountain in the pond. The structure can be purchased ready-made or built independently. A decorative pond is often supplemented with bridges. Garden figurines nearby will perfectly complement the composition. Flowers and plants in a pond require special attention. Plants are divided into deep-water and shallow-water.

The first ones are planted at the bottom in special baskets. They should occupy no more than 30% of the total area of the reservoir, otherwise it will turn into a swamp. Such excess can destroy other inhabitants of the reservoir, especially fish. Carefully plant flowers on the coast, keep in mind that they will grow over time.

First of all, nymphs are planted in the pond, and then the bottom is covered with decorative stone, starting from the deep zone. On the terrace you can plant marsh calamus, calamus, sedge, chastuha and susak. On the surface of the water you can place water hyacinth, bagel, pistia or swampweed.

On the shore you can place various types iris, reed, buzulnik, aruncus, miscanthus. The composition can be supplemented with perennials: hostas, buttercups, primroses, astilbes or bathing flowers.

Peltiphyllums, loosestrifes, and Rogers plants look great near an artificial pond.

Do you need fish?

A reservoir can be populated with different fauna. Ducks and even swans can live on the pond, it all depends on you. Most often, fish live in country ponds. The choice of residents of the reservoir should be taken carefully. The most common inhabitants of ponds are crucian carp, goldfish, carp and tench. Keep in mind that one fish up to 15 cm in size requires about 50 liters of water space.

Beautiful pond on garden plot Many summer residents dream of building one. However, not everyone can boast of a large area of land, trying in vain to place a vegetable garden, fruit trees, as well as several flower beds with their favorite flowers. In addition, the construction of a pond involves significant costs, which not everyone can afford.

A small charming pond is not difficult to build yourself

Several options for a small pond

Our photos show various options for artificial reservoirs on summer cottages. Among them you can find budget ones and you can choose one of the simplest ones. In addition, the choice of option should be determined by the composition of the soil, as well as the availability of free space in the garden or yard. It’s easy to build a mini pond with your own hands if you have the appropriate building materials on hand. Available materials can serve as the main argument in finding a solution.

Film pond - a universal solution

To prevent water from escaping from a homemade pond, it must be sealed. In a good way the use of film is considered. If you want to save money, you can use leftover plastic film that was purchased for greenhouses, but such a pond will only last a few years.

If it is possible to purchase a butyl rubber-based film, which is designed specifically for constructing ponds, the life of the pond will significantly increase. A compromise option is dense polyvinyl chloride film.

It happens that the remnants of the film are scattered pieces - in this case they can be glued together to obtain a coating of the desired size. To do this, it is advisable to use a special glue, which can also be used to seal cuts and other material defects.

A film pond allows you to build a pond of any shape and size

In addition to the main material, you will need sand, geotextile and stones. To arrange a pond with your own hands, you should act according to the plan:

Mark the area for the pond. You should not arrange it right in the garden next to fruit trees. It is advisable to choose a flat surface so that the bank levels are the same height - otherwise the water from the pond will pour out on one side.
Dig a pit, making sure that its walls are flat, which will allow the banks not to crumble during operation. The angle of inclination of the pit walls should be up to 45˚. If desired, the banks can be made into ledges.
Next, you need to carefully compact the bottom of the pit, and then fill it with sand to a height of 5–10 cm. Lay a piece of geofabric on the sand; some craftsmen replace it with old blankets.
Now the pond can be lined with film. This should be done slowly, trying to immediately straighten any wrinkles that arise. Place the edges of the covering on the banks.
You need to pour water into the reservoir in parts, this will prevent the coating from tearing. It is recommended to take a two-hour break between each stage.
Once again we check the level of the banks and, if necessary, level them by adding soil. We secure the waterproofing along the entire shore using stones.

Important: it is best to work with film in the summer, on a hot day. This will make all manipulations with the material easier, since it will be softer.

A small pond made of a plastic bowl under guard

Plastic bowl - quick and easy

If you don’t want to work with film, you can speed up the work on building a small pond. To do this, you should choose a ready-made PVC bowl. Similar containers are sold in hardware stores and can vary in shape and size. In addition, plastic inserts differ markedly in price and quality. Low-quality plastic quickly breaks down under the influence of frost and ultraviolet radiation sun. The choice is yours. Below are instructions for installing a reservoir with your own hands:

First you need to mark the place for the pit. To do this, drive pegs around the perimeter (corners) and tie them with rope. Perform marking more sizes bowls 20cm on all sides. Dig a pit with a depth equal to the height of the bowl plus 20cm.
Now you need to fill the bottom of the hole with sand, achieving a flat surface - this can be checked using a level. Moisten the sand and compact it. Next, place the bowl in the pit, trying to ensure that its edges are level with the surface of the earth.
When the bowl is installed, it is necessary to pour sand between its side parts and the walls of the pit (in the same reserve of 20 cm). The sand should be poured in and compacted lightly as the bowl is filled with water. This will avoid deformation of the tank walls.
You should not pour water into the bowl all at once, but in small portions. A sudden load on the plastic can lead to distortion and damage.

The easiest way to make a small pond is from a plastic bowl

Concrete pit - a reliable option

The method of constructing an artificial pond from concrete is suitable for those who know how to work with concrete. Such a pond has an undoubted advantage over its counterparts - it is reliable and durable. However, it will not be possible to move it to another place; therefore, before starting work, it is worth thinking carefully about its configuration and choosing the most suitable one. appropriate place Location on. Let's take a closer look at how to build a concrete pond with your own hands:

The pit under the pond should be made with ledges. Let its walls be flat; here it is also important to adhere to an angle of up to 45˚. The hole needs to be compacted well.
Next, you need to fill in the sand, but the layer should be small - 3 cm is enough. On top of the sand you need to lay a film of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, which should not be pulled too tightly.
It is necessary to lay concrete starting from the walls, and only then move to the bottom. It is important to complete this work within one day to avoid cracking of the concrete at the joints.
Next, you need to wait until the composition hardens slightly, and then press it into it. metal mesh for concrete reinforcement. This must be done so that the edges of the mesh protrude above the surface of the reservoir.
After the concrete has completely dried, it is necessary to pour the next layer. Before starting work on the second layer, the lower concrete must be sprinkled with water. Experts recommend at this moment to check the bottom surface to ensure that it is horizontal.

Once the top layer of concrete is completely dry, you can pour water into the pool. Then start decorating it - planting plants on the banks, introducing fish or arranging lighting.

Miniature pond plus scrap materials

Budget options for creating ponds in the countryside involve using all kinds of available materials, instead of buying a bowl or film. Some craftsmen build a pond from an old cast iron or children's bathtub, while others were able to adapt a car tire or an old basin. The pond will turn out to be quite small, but caring for the mini pond is not difficult. Changing water is easier than in a large tank, and with the help of plants in tubs and decorative stones it can easily be turned into a blooming oasis.

Preparing a pit for a pond from a bathtub

After many years of use, the bathtub loses its original appearance. If there are no through holes in the bowl, it can be used in the country as a makeshift pond. To build a small pond without high costs, you need:

First you need to mark the place under the pond, and then add 10 centimeters on each side. Dig a pit, the depth of which will be 20 cm greater than the height of the bath.
Now you need to mark at the bottom of the hole the place where the bowl drain will be located. There you need to dig a hole with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of half a meter. This will be drainage. You need to insert a rolled sheet of metal into a cylindrical hole and fill it with crushed stone. The edge of the metal should protrude 15-25cm above the pit.
After preparing the drainage, you need to make a “cushion” for the bath, which will allow it not to sag over time. To do this, a layer of crushed stone is poured onto the bottom of the pit and sand on top. This pillow should be about 20cm high. All this must be thoroughly compacted, after which the sheet of metal should be removed.

At correct installation bath pond will last for many years

Pit for a two-level pond

If you decide to build a pond from an old bathtub, you can make it quite unusual. We propose to create a two-level pond with your own hands, the construction of which will require a little more effort. Work plan, step by step:

Before digging a pit for a bathtub, you need to mark the area, adding half a meter on each side. The external outlines should be slightly modified - make this line wavy, giving it a contour reminiscent of the natural outlines of a lake.
Now you can start digging a pit. To do this, you need to dig a hole 30-40 cm deep, focusing on the external contours. Next, at the bottom of the dug pit, you need to mark the outline for the bathtub and deepen the pit under the bowl as described above. That is, the total depth of the pit will be greater than in the first option by the same 30-40 cm.
When the bathtub is installed, the outer contour of the reservoir should be limited by fiberglass slate. A corrugated hose must be placed on the edge of the slate.
Next, the space that has formed between the bathtub and the slate must be filled with sand and compacted, or filled with concrete.
The bowl must be covered with film, forming a single pool for water. The film should be secured with stones.

A two-level pond is more difficult to make, but no one will guess that a bathtub is used in the pond

Installing a bath

After preparing the place for the bath, bricks should be laid at the bottom of the pit - several bricks in each corner, on which the bath is installed. This precaution will prevent the bulky container from sagging. Next, you should check how level the bathtub is installed and make sure that its edge is level with the ground. There is empty space between the walls of the bathtub and the pit. It must be covered with sand, which must be moistened and compacted thoroughly.

Mini pond made from a tire

If it is possible to use old tire, you can easily and quickly build a miniature tire pond with your own hands. A tire from a KAMAZ wheel or tractor will make it possible to make the reservoir much larger.

First you need to dig a pit of such a size that the tire can easily fit into it. Before installing it in the hole, you need to cut off the top of the rubber with a knife. You should end up with a bowl with a hole at the bottom. Next, you need to take the film, cover the bottom and sides of the tire with it, bringing the edges up. They need to be tucked over the edges of the tank. All that remains is to pour water into the finished tire pool and decorate its edges with plants and stones. In a similar way, you can build a pond from a plastic basin.

A tire pond will not take up much space and will be an excellent garden decoration.

Several ways to decorate a pond

Today there are many ways to decorate a mini pond. Among them are the installation of plaster figures on its banks, the laying of decorative stones and tiles. Any body of water will be decorated with greenery, which can be placed around it directly in flowerpots. In other cases, soil is poured on the banks of the lake, interspersed with stones. Moisture-loving perennials are planted in the ground, which over time form beautiful thickets on the shore.

A small waterfall and beautiful lilies will decorate and enliven the pond

If you want to plant aquatic plants, you need to ensure that they do not grow too much. Otherwise, the surface of the pond will be completely covered with greenery. Experts recommend using water hyacinth for this purpose.

You can also decorate the pond with a bridge and install lanterns around it. Another way to enliven the water of an artificial pond is a fountain or waterfall. All this can be built later, the main thing is to take into account the possibility of modernizing the pond at the stage of choosing a place for the pond.

In the future, this miracle will delight you and all your guests, who will be completely delighted.

How to choose the best location for a pond

You need to decide on the choice of location that is suitable for the purpose you have noticed. When choosing a site, you need to pay attention to the lighting. The area should be well lit, but not under the scorching sun, and not in constant shade. Since many plants can be negatively affected by such growing conditions and will lose their natural look.

The sun is the main enemy for the plants in your pond. Some plants can cause “blooming” of water, and will cause you great inconvenience with constant cleaning. Since hand-made ponds are not very deep, fish and plants will not be very comfortable in the heat. Also think about your resting place near the pond; in extreme heat, you yourself will not be able to rest there very well.

The best location will be if the sun warms the pond in the morning and evening, since the temperature is acceptable, and in the daytime, the shadow from the house or fence will cover it. You also need to take into account that it should be located away from trees, whose roots can damage the material from which the pond is made.

Materials required for manufacturing

The pond can be made from the following materials:

Polyvinyl chloride coating;
Butyl rubber film;
Ready-made pond containers (reinforced concrete or plastic)

Although polyethylene is not suitable for making a pond, its service life is only 1-2 years.

PVC coating will serve you for about 15 years, and butyl rubber film for almost 50 years, although its cost will be much more expensive. Also, some gardeners use reinforced concrete bowls, but most still prefer plastic containers. They are a product whose size you can choose for your site. This bowl is durable, but you still need to be careful so that cracks don’t appear on it; they have great frost resistance, so it’s not scary to install them even in our climate.

Preparatory stage

We'll prepare the place and remove everything unnecessary. If we use film, then we outline the shape of the pond arbitrarily; if you have a bowl, then use a shovel to outline the outline. And we begin to drip, this is the most difficult stage of the work. If you have a bowl, then you need to drip 5 cm deeper than its height. When using the film, you yourself think about the depth of your pond.

When the pond is dug, you need to pour sand on the bottom and compact it well, the sand will serve as drainage for the pond. We install the bowl in place, trying to avoid any voids, as they can later lead to cracks in the bowl. After installation, cover the bowl with film and lay the stones in the cut. They can be natural or artificial, it all depends on your imagination.

When purchasing a film, you need to pay attention to its color, since there is a very large range of colors on the market.

Let's move on to the most inspiring stage of the work, which is decorating the pond with a variety of plants. Many gardeners use water lilies; this is the most popular plant for such ponds. They are planted on a special fabric that holds them well root system at the bottom. You can also decorate it with a small fountain, which looks very beautiful, and its murmur will help you and your family relax.

You can also add fish to your mini pond; crucian carp, carps and many other species take root well. If you still let in the inhabitants, but take care of their accommodation, you need to install a filter so that your pond does not become clogged and your fish are comfortable.

How to make a pond with minimal investment

Many gardeners make ponds from old bathtubs or cisterns, which will be much cheaper, since you don’t have to spend money on bowls, which are not cheap. Your bathtub will look no worse than a pond equipped with a bowl, although it will lose in size.

We dig a ditch, 20 cm deeper than the bathtub, and install the bathtub, filling the sides with sand. After this, we lay the film and, using tile glue, lay stones that will give a natural look to your mini pond. The stones should not be laid along the perimeter of the bathtub, but slightly enlarged along the edges in order to visually enlarge the pond.

Pour clay into the bottom of our pond, mix the solution there, and use it to cover it cement mortar between stones, which will give your pond a more natural look. When the clay dries, which will happen in 2 hours, you can pour water in a thin stream and start decorating it.

Tire pond

The tire that will make a very beautiful pond must come from a tractor or dump truck. Using a grinder, we cut off the top part of the tire.

We dig a hole so that the tire fits freely into it. We lay fine sand at the bottom of the pond for drainage of our future pond. You can also protect your future pond from tree roots by protecting it with a road surface.
We lay waterproofing in the form of a film, which should extend 50 cm beyond the edges of the future pond.

Once again we smooth the film well, fill it with reins, sprinkle sand along the edges of the pond, and lay decor in the form of stones that will hold the film and protect it from slipping.
If the lid is used from Belaz, it can be used for swimming, and made in the form of a small pool. Then decorate the area around the pond in the form of small pebbles, which will be pleasant to step on in the future.
If you use it as a decoration for your site, you can decorate it with a variety of plants and large stones around the edges.

Also in the center, using a small pump, it is possible to make a fountain.

As you can see, if you really want it, you can make a pond with your own hands on your site, from various materials that suit you.

Do-it-yourself pond at the dacha

A small homemade pond can radically transform the landscape of any yard. It is recommended to plant new plants in and around the pond to make the area more comfortable and unusual.

A family holiday on the shore of the pond will be a pleasant event for everyone. You can build such a pond on your own without outside help.

There are several main types of reservoirs designed for different purposes. Some perform a purely decorative function and serve as a place for planting aquatic plants. In others, fish are often bred, and there are also those where you can swim all summer.

Therefore, before you start building a pond, you should determine its main purpose.

Choosing a site for constructing a reservoir

The ideal construction site is a well-lit area located at some distance from the house or other premises.

Many plants that grow on water love the sun, so an artificial pond should not be in the shade of trees. It is better to choose an open area in the yard or garden.

When choosing a construction site, it should be taken into account that the proximity of bushes and deciduous trees can cause difficult care of the reservoir.

Leaves, branches and other debris can quickly contaminate the water, causing the death of aquatic pond plants. But coniferous trees will perfectly complement the picture.

If the proximity to deciduous trees cannot be avoided, then it is necessary to cover the pond for the autumn-winter period with a net and plastic film.

The size of the pond plays a crucial role, because plants and living organisms in the water need a special biobalance.

To maintain the level of biobalance, you just need to maintain the proportions between the area of the reservoir and its depth. If the area is large and the depth is insufficient, the water will quickly bloom. In a deep but small body of water, it will also be inconvenient for plants and fish to develop. The minimum area of the pond should be at least three to four square meters. Bedding level groundwater determines the depth of the reservoir.

Film pond

There is a special film on sale made from polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and other materials with similar properties.

The service life of the special film is about ten years. Polyethylene for ponds is sold in rolls with a width of 2 to 10 meters. This size allows you to avoid gluing individual elements to achieve the desired width. The film itself comes in different thicknesses. The deeper the artificial reservoir, the thicker the film. Classic polyethylene in rolls is not suitable for such tasks.

The size is calculated using the formula: film length = 2 pond lengths and reserve.

The width is also calculated. Leave approximately 60 cm for reserve.

The most favorable time for arranging an artificial reservoir is spring-summer, when the temperature is above +20. Before direct installation, the film is left in the sun, which will make it more elastic after just a couple of hours.

Naturally, a pond requires a pit.

To plant plants, they will need some kind of shelves along the contour of the pond, 15 cm deep. Before laying the film on the bottom, you should make a preparation of sand 10 cm thick. Next, lay the film, securing it with stones, and fill the pond with water.

The stones laid along the edges of the pond look very beautiful. A special groove is made for them, and the stones themselves are secured with concrete mortar.

Pond from a ready-made plastic mold

Ready-made plastic bathtubs can withstand any temperature well and are quite durable.

The walls of the tank are usually 3 mm, which requires careful transportation of the container. Even small crack It will be very difficult to seal. In addition to being resistant to temperature changes, plastic bathtubs look attractive.

To dig a pit, you should transfer the contours of the container to the ground in accordance with its shape.

How to make a pond at your dacha with your own hands step by step

To do this, place the bowl at the digging site and transfer its outline to the ground surface. The depth of the pit corresponds to the depth plastic bath+ 40-50 mm on the base. Leveling the reservoir horizontally is done using a building level and a flat board placed on the surface of the bowl.

The pit is filled with sand, which is carefully compacted. A plastic container is placed on the surface, deepened, gradually adding earth in the right places.

Having installed the tank, it is checked again for horizontalness and only then filled with water.

Decorating an artificial pond

Of course, a homemade pond is already a decoration for any site.

But next to the pond, you can additionally install a gazebo to relax your soul and body, looking at the surface of the water. In addition, you can organize fountains in an artificial reservoir, operating with the help of special pumps, and arrange multi-colored lighting.

In general, you can turn a small pond into a colorful spectacle. It all depends on desire and imagination.

There are special pumps for fountains: above-water and underwater. For a tall fountain you will need an underwater pump, but for a real water attraction you can purchase a surface model.

For a real water show you will also need lighting. All lights designed for installation in ponds operate on 12 Volts.

Mini spotlights can be installed on the surface of the water or even underwater. Illuminating the pond in this way gives it a truly unusual and stunning look.

Video

Undoubtedly, everyone who owns a summer house, private plot or private property wants to have a beautiful decorative pond on their land. Now it is considered luxury and something exotic. There is a belief that realizing dreams is actually costly and costly. We will try to show how we create a decorative pond with our own hands at low financial costs.

Let's consider a simple and inexpensive way creating a pond.

Used as a water reservoir polyethylene film. The main advantages of this material are:

low cost;
prevalence (in almost every market);
ease of storage;
service life - 2-3 years, depending on thickness.

We prepare materials and tools

To make a decorative pond on our website we need:

contour for the contour of the pond;
shovels and buckets;
sand, ruins, demolition stone;
plastic film (define yourself, depending on the size of the pond;
A faithful servant and 3 days of free time.

We are thinking about the shape and preparation of the cave for the future decorative pond

After preparing everything you need, get started.

The first thing we do is determine the shape of the future pond. Round, oval, rectangular, curved, etc. It all depends on your imagination. After determining the shape, for example, a curved pond, you need to attach it to the ground and drag the rope around its perimeter to see a frame of the future pond. When we complete this phase, along the perimeter of the rope in a bayonet bayonet (about 20 centimeters), we dig a ditch that transfers the pond section to the ground. In the future, it will be easier to dig without worrying about the boundaries of the pond being affected.

When we finish marking we continue hard work- hammer.

First, pour the entire area of the pond onto 1 bayonet, then onto the second, third. As practice shows, for a decorative garden pond a depth of 3 depths, 50-70 cm, is sufficient.

Level the bottom so that the depth of the pond is the same everywhere.

Even with the top edges of the pond, otherwise it will be unevenly filled.

After completing the work, it is necessary to remove all roots, stones, sharp objects from the walls and from the foundation cave. If this is not done, they may cause holes in the film later.

The bottom of the pond should be filled with sand.

The layer should be 10-15 centimeters. The sand will serve as the crunch pad for the film.

We made a movie

After completing the work described above, continue to use the most careful polyethylene foil deposited in the cave. It is important to correctly calculate the size of the film in order to compress it along the edges of the recess by 30-50 centimeters.

We put it on well and tried to straighten out the big wrinkles.

It is better if three small ridges have one large acronym.

The upper should be denser and more durable.

Filling with water

By laying a kind of film at the bottom of the pond and on its walls (the film must be integral), you can begin to pump water. This may be the only time you can relax while working.

Filling the base pond 2/3 full with water, turn the edges of the liner over the edge and place a rustic stone with gravel along the edge of the pond on it.

Place the rocks on the edge of the pond, still filling it with water.

If you fill the pond, you can consider that the job is complete. The area around it can be planted with flowers, ornamental shrubs, many sculptures, lamps.

How to make a pond in the country with your own hands?

Finally, you can buy a small fountain that will greatly improve the effect.

When it comes to pond care, change the water at least once a month and catch bugs, leaves and other organic waste.

After a detailed look at this method of creating decorative pond in garden plotting we can say with confidence that it is not a complicated or very expensive business.

If you decide to spend a few days and a little time creating a pond, you will have a wonderful decoration on your site, wet the air in the hot weather and admire the view of your loved ones.

Take a look at the photo of the pond we have at the beginning of the article.

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Creating a pond on the site

Many people who own large areas, where they can not only build a house, but also equip other objects, they will think about creating own pond, which will add charm and attractiveness to the area, but also create original and comfortable seating.

Such a pond may have small sizes, but at the same time it will be the pride of every person. The perfect solution is to decorate it with a variety of interesting materials In addition, you can make a sandy beach or lie on the edges of different stones. For a pond you can even use special water flowers, which will be very beautiful and sophisticated.

The process of creating a pond in a place with your own hands

First, it is necessary to determine where the water body will be, as well as what specific dimensions and characteristics they will have.

To do this, you need to focus on places that are well protected from the wind, and in hot weather the pond should be in the shade.

As an artificial reservoir is created, it is important to supply various communication networks and install equipment. For this to happen, it must be possible, so the location of the pond must be chosen properly.

At the same time, the tank should be located where it will have constant access, so you can have a great rest on the shore if you want.

There should not be too many trees near the pond, because autumn time it will not quickly get contaminated and sticky leaves, which can cause the formation of various dangerous bacteria.

By deciding where to pond, you can begin the practical work.

First they must create a cave, which must have the necessary parameters. This work can be done using special equipment and manually using a shovel. In this case, all walls should have a slight slope to the bottom, and all surfaces should be well covered.

All walls must be distinguished by the presence of exactly the same parameters, so this issue should be considered immediately, and also checked by level.

How to make a pond in the country with your own hands: 4 real channels and 30 ideas

In addition, the walls and bottom are covered waterproofing material, presented in the form of a cylinder, and the roof material is also suitable for this purpose.

The next stage of work is the creation of screeds, for which it is necessary to form a high-quality and homogeneous mixture that has the necessary parameters.

It must contain Portland cement and crushed stone, sand and a certain amount of water. Pour the resulting solution into the cave, which is to be used for vertical and horizontal formwork. The thickness of the layer should be exactly the same at any point of the screed, but it should be at least 100 mm in order to obtain a high-quality and durable layer. We must not forget that they will have pipes in the ground leading to the pond.

For this reason, the screed must have a proper hole through which the water pump and its kit will operate. The tube should lead to a nearby pond or other place where water can be obtained and where it can be emptied.

This system also had to be equipped with special pumping equipment, and the various valves and other elements for its operation were very light.

The pipes must be laid in the ground, for which it is necessary to create ditches around the perimeter, the depth of which must be below the freezing level. It is also advisable that all elements located in the ground be wrapped in high quality and reliable thermal insulation materials, which can last a long time underground.

The exhaust screed must be strengthened, for which high-quality reinforcing bars are used, which must be laid along the screed and above them. In places where all elements are connected, they must be connected with flexible and durable wire. The screed cures for about a month, and during this time it must be covered with burlap and sometimes dampened so that it does not burst.

Once the concrete screed is completely ready, you can start the casing so that you can use finishing material or without it.

The ideal solution is to use marble tiles, but if you don't have the money for this material, plastic tiles are strong, durable and reliable and have an attractive appearance.

The next stage is that the cave is completely filled with water with a pump and pipelines buried in the ground. We must not forget that once a year it is necessary to completely dry the pond so that the water is restored and unnecessary bacteria do not arise.

The created pond needs interesting design and decoration, making it a real highlight of the area.

To do this, you can make a bridge or a small platform and place rocks or sand around the rim. A great solution would be to create water lily beds or water lilies.

In addition, you can arrange an interesting and attractive fountain in the center or use other elements for decoration. If you want to create a fountain, you will need to spend a lot of money because it needs a reliable website as well as special equipment shipping.

In the immediate vicinity of the pond, it is advisable to create a relaxation area with sun loungers and benches, so that in the hot summer you can enjoy the pleasant cooling of the artificial pond.

So the site pond is also quite easy to DIY, if you do the job properly the rates will be consistent and competent.

An artificial pond on a private plot can become a source of not only aesthetic, but also gastronomic pleasure. By making some efforts to breed fish, you can get good help in providing yourself and your loved ones with valuable fresh product. And if you approach the matter on a grand scale, you will make money. After all, doing everything with your own hands in the country at home is not so difficult.

Fish species are selected in accordance with breeding conditions. The determining factors are air temperature and water composition. The type of pond is important - flowing or standing. When selecting varieties, one should take into account the compatibility of breeds and competition for food. The most unpretentious and productive are considered:

Carp or carp- heat-loving, but resistant to temperature fluctuations. Diet: plant foods and mixed feed. Enters sexual maturity at 1-3 years of age depending on temperature environment. Varieties - scaly, mirror and leathery.
- a large relative of the carp. Reaches a weight of 50 kg or more. Homeland - Far East. Eats large amounts of plant food and is used to clean overgrown reservoirs.
Black cupid- similar to white, but feeds on shellfish. The scales are dark in color. It sanitizes ponds well from other types of pests.
White and bighead carp- very similar until 3 years of age. Then the motley develops spots on its scales. Reach 50 kg. Silver carp feeds only on plants. Motley is more unpretentious.
Buffalo- looks like carp, native to America. According to the growing conditions, it is similar to carp, but the meat taste qualities much more valuable.
Channel catfish- omnivorous, large, heat-loving. Homeland America. When fed correctly, it has a very pleasant taste of meat.

Less productive, but amenable to cultivation in a man-made pond, are:

Gold and silver crucian carp are unpretentious and fast-growing. Can interbreed with other fish breeds. Gains weight up to 5 kg. Feels good even with unfavorable water composition.

Trout, pike, tench, and sturgeon are also bred in artificial reservoirs.

Grass carp is one of the freshwater fish species suitable for pond farming.

Advantages and disadvantages of raising fish at home

An important advantage of backyard farming is the ability to obtain for personal consumption or sell all year round products in great demand.

Fish meat contains a lot of valuable substances and vitamins. The fresh catch has excellent taste.

The capital investment required to start fish farming is not very large. The labor intensity of cultivation is from 3 to 5 hours a day. Weather conditions when using an artificial reservoir have little effect on the growth of individuals.

Major investments take place on initial stage. It is necessary to build a pool or dig a pond.

The main expenses during breeding are at the initial stage when making a pond

Their type and size are determined by the financial capabilities of the owner and the area of the plot. The minimum depth of an artificial reservoir is 1-1.5 m. The volume is calculated from the estimated number of individuals populated in the pond. One fish 10-15 cm long should have at least 50 liters of water, i.e. in one cubic meter In a reservoir, no more than 20 specimens can coexist peacefully.

Types of breeding pools

The quality of water in a mini pond and its chemical composition depend on the source of the pond. It also determines the temperature, availability of food and oxygen supply of the aquatic environment.

What type of reservoir filling exists:

Stream or river. Water enters the reservoir from natural sources through an inflow channel. Excess is removed by a drain channel. The oxygen and plankton content in a pond with such filling is favorable for breeding, because closest to natural conditions.
Rodnikovoe. Pure water with a high oxygen content is most favorable for fish breeding different breeds. For a source of food, daphnia pits are set up in the area adjacent to the reservoir - shallow small depressions for the reproduction of plankton. They communicate with the main body of water. Daphnia move into the pond and serve as food for the fish.
Atmospheric. In the absence of rivers, streams and springs, the source of moisture is rain and melt water. Well-heated water is favorable for the development of vegetation and living organisms.
Closed water supply. The use of ponds without external water sources became possible thanks to the use of special equipment: pumps, filters, ultraviolet sterilizers, etc. When constructing a reservoir, special attention should be paid to waterproofing the bottom.

Fish pond with stream filling

How to make a pond with your own hands

Having decided to build a fish pond on the site, you need to determine its location, area and method of construction. If there are no natural sources of filling, the reservoir is built using a closed water supply.

How to choose the right site

The location for the pond must meet the following conditions:

be away from noisy places and highways,
be shaded by trees, but not under them, because falling leaves pollute the water,
do not be located in a lowland, because there is a risk of contamination from run-off rainwater,
have a source of electricity for equipment with filters for water purification and oxygen enrichment plants.

Required tools and materials

The most durable is a pond with a concrete bottom. Its device requires significant material and labor costs, which will more than pay off during long-term operation.

To build a pond you will need:

crushed stone,
sand,
cement,
mesh made of reinforcement with a diameter of 3-4 mm and a cell of 30x30 cm,
board formwork,
roofing felt or other material for waterproofing the bottom and walls,
tubes for inlet and drain holes,
waterproofing additive for plaster bottom and walls.

Technology for creating an artificial reservoir at the dacha

Mark the dimensions of the pond on the ground. To do this, use pegs and cord. For fish farming, the shape of the pond does not matter.
Digging a pit by hand or using an excavator. The optimal depth is 1.5-1.8 m, wall angles are 20°.
Before concreting, preparation is made of sand and crushed stone with the bottom compacted.
Waterproofing is laid from roofing felt or film and brought to the surface of the ground.
Pour the first layer of concrete onto the bottom 10 cm thick, compact and embed reinforcing mesh all over the bottom.
The second layer of concrete is poured.
Install formwork for the walls of the pond. When finished, they should be 10-12 cm thick.
The walls of the reservoir are reinforced and filled with concrete.
Concrete surfaces are covered with plaster with a waterproofing additive or liquid glass. The material for treating walls must be safe for fish.
Install necessary equipment: pumps, filters, oxygen enrichers of water.

For a safe wintering of fish, a wintering well should be provided. It is made from asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 80 cm or ordinary reinforced concrete rings. In a well buried to the level of 2.7 m, covered wooden shield, the fish will not freeze and die from lack of oxygen.

Even a beginner can build a pond with his own hands. Fish farming does not take much time if the process of stocking, feeding and catching is established. Even if the purpose of fish farming is not to generate income, this activity will bring benefits and pleasure.