How to speak correctly and put emphasis. Stress dictionary: Where is the correct stress in words

Oh, this is it emphasis! It’s impossible to correctly determine its place in a word.

First-graders, before learning letters, learn to divide a word into syllables and put emphasis on a word. It seems to us that this is simple, but in reality it turns out to be far from so. It is very difficult for kids to learn correctly put emphasis. First, the children learned to divide the word into syllables. And when it is necessary to place stress, the teacher asks: “Which syllable does the stress fall on?” Children immediately begin to divide the word into syllables and this makes their work more difficult.

When we pronounce a word syllable by syllable, it is very difficult to determine the stress! How to help kids? And here a fairy tale and a game come to the rescue.

The Tale of the Hammer.

One day Mishka came to a forest clearing. He walked around the clearing and found no one. The bear left its mark. Why did the trail remain like this? (Because the word BEAR has 2 syllables). And he left to look for friends.

At this time, Bunny jumped out into the clearing. He had been running through the forest for a long time in search of Mishka. He didn’t see the bear, but he noticed the footprint and immediately thought that the bear was there. The bunny decided to call him.

“Mishka, Mishka,” shouted Bunny. But Mishka didn’t hear. And then the magic Hammer came to the aid of the Bunny. He hit one syllable and the syllable sounded loud, loud and very long: “Miiiiish-ka”! Mishka immediately heard his name and came. The bunny was glad to have a friend. And Mishka’s trail became like this

Now Bunny and Mishka decided to call the rest of their friends. “Li-sich-ka,” they shouted. But Chanterelle did not respond. Then the Bunny called the magic Hammer for help and struck one syllable. This syllable rang louder and longer than the others, and the Fox heard it immediately.

So the friends called the Hedgehog, the Wolf Cub, and the Squirrel. And every time the magic Hammer helped them. He struck one syllable at a time and this syllable sounded very loud and long.

When all the friends had gathered, Bunny thanked Hammer for his help. And the Hammer smiled and said: “I live in every word and am called Accent. I can only make one syllable in a word loud and long. And to make this syllable sound long, I always tap on the vowel sound, because only vowels can sing. I can also jump from one syllable to another and change words, because I Accent - magic hammer».

And now you can invite the child to determine for himself which syllable the hammer is knocking on. To do this, divide the word into syllables and write a syllable diagram. And then “call” this word, pointing to the syllable being pronounced. If a child finds it difficult, then you should help him.

The main thing is for the child to understand:

  • To determine a stressed syllable, you do not need to pronounce the word syllable by syllable. You need to “call” him, chanting.
  • The stress falls on the vowel sound, because Only a vowel can be drawn out, sung.

Did you like the fairy tale? Your friends will be grateful if you share this material with them. Click on the social network buttons and your friends will also be able to read this fairy tale and teach your child to put emphasis.

Russian language is one of the most difficult in the world. And if you are looking on the World Wide Web for an answer to the question of how to put stress in words, this means that even Russian-speaking people sometimes experience certain difficulties in mastering the norms of the language. And if your profession involves frequent speaking in front of an audience, then you need to speak as correctly as possible in order to convey the information correctly. How to correctly put emphasis in words so as not to distort their meaning? This will be discussed in this article.

Features of Russian accent

Where to put the emphasis? A special section in linguistics called accentology will help answer this question. So, according to this science, there are no clearly defined rules for stress in the Russian language. Each word has its own rules. How to put emphasis correctly? When answering this question, you need to remember that the Russian language is characterized by the so-called free or variable stress. This means that different parts of a word can become stressed syllables - a root, a prefix, a suffix or an ending. We decided to highlight several points, the understanding of which will help you figure out how to put emphasis on words.

  • In Russian the stress is free and therefore can fall on any syllable.
  • The accent can be movable or stationary. Where should the emphasis be placed in this case? Let's say in different forms of one word the stress falls on the same part, this will mean that it is motionless: you speak, you speak, you speak. But if the stress falls on different syllables of the same word, then it is called mobile: grass - herbs, run out - run out.
  • How to put emphasis? It must be remembered that emphasis may change over time. For example, if previously it was considered correct to say: metallurgy, printing, now the norm is: metallurgy, printing.
  • Dictionaries will also tell you where to put the emphasis. In them, you will be surprised to find that sometimes some variants of stress are considered equal. For example: Augustovsky - Augustovsky, Cossacks - Cossacks, Keta - Keta and others.
  • Sometimes, so that there is no doubt about where to put the emphasis, you just need to learn words with fixed accents. Here are some of them: cake, scarf, bows, call and others.

Lexical, grammatical, stylistic differences

Where to put the emphasis to correctly convey your idea? When preparing your speech, remember that the difference in stress is due to the fact that in practice there may be two or even more accent options. They will differ from each other in lexical, grammatical or stylistic terms.

  1. Lexical difference suggests that with a change in the place of stress, the meaning of the word also changes. For example, ugly and ugly or characteristic and characteristic. How to put accents correctly and not make mistakes? Consider lexical meaning words and the context in which it sounds.
  2. Varying stress also allows you to distinguish between grammatical forms. These can be forms of the same word, for example, stress in different places of words - strings and strings indicate that in the first case we have Genitive singular of the word stringA, and in the second case it is the nominative plural of the same word. Otherwise, different stresses in the same word may indicate forms absolutely different words. For example, pali is the past tense of the verb “to fall”, and palI is already the imperative form of the verb “to burn”.
  3. How to put emphasis? In some cases, the science of stylistics will help you answer this question. Words such as bogatyr, well done or silky may sound differently - bogatyr, well done, silky. The difference in stress is associated with the folklore origin of these words.

How to put emphasis in names correctly? Here you can apply next rule: for women, the emphasis is on the penultimate syllable - MarIna, Inna, Valentina, etc. But in men's, everything is a little different. In short male names The emphasis is placed on the penultimate syllable - KOLYA, ZHENYA. Where should the emphasis be placed in long names? On the last syllable (Mikhail, AntOn, Valentin). True, there are quite a few exceptions regarding accents in names. But that, in general, is what distinguishes our great and mighty Russian language - exceptions to the rules.

How to put stress correctly in other languages? For Chinese, Vietnamese and Japanese languages There are tonic and musical stresses. They involve highlighting a syllable by changing the pitch. How to put stress in words like this in an unusual way? This question is best addressed to speakers of Asian languages. There are also dynamic, forceful stresses, when a stressed syllable is emphasized with greater pronunciation force. These types of stress are typical for English, French, Russian and others. To be understood correctly, speak correctly! Where should the emphasis be placed so that the meaning is conveyed correctly? Learn Russian, and if you have questions, look in a special dictionary.

Features of stress in Russian (continuation)

Separate conversation O ra require unstressed words. Function words and particles, as a rule, do not have stress in the Russian language. Some of them are monosyllabic prepositions and conjunctions, b yva They use pre-stress words, so-called proclitics. They will accept yk They are pronounced in pronunciation of the independent words that follow them and have stress: on the water, by the road, from the forest, along the ut I.Others are monosyllabic particles, being ut These are enclitics, that is, post-stress words. They are adjacent in pronunciation to the preceding word, having eat I've got a hit: someone came, tell me, I promised, you opened the door, will they come? neither.In these combinations of particles then, ka, after all, then, whether become enclitics.

Sometimes the excuse takes a hit. on yourself b I, then the significant word that follows it turns out to be unstressed. Most often they pull the blow on themselves. pre d logs ON, FOR, UNDER, BY, FROM, WITHOUT.
ON - on the water, on the mountain, on the hand, on the ear, on A winter, for a year, for a house, for a floor. But such a transfer of a stressed vowel is not always correct. oi coming off. We are speaking go to the pier(but not nA they say), climb the hill(but not on the hill), decree on the door(but not on the door), run aground(but not stranded).

Shifting the emphasis to the preposition, according to the norms of orthoepy, possibly en when the combination of a noun with a preposition is part of a stable phrase O company or when it appears in a circumstantial meaning and has an adverbial character. In the same case ae when it is important to highlight a noun as the object to which the action is directed, and when it is a noun But e acts as a complement, a blow. does not switch to an excuse. For example:

take A's word for it, but: pay attention ima reference to the word "transformation";
lower the ship into the water, but: because of the glare of the sun it is painful to look at the water;
this man is dishonest, but: dirty there was bandage applied;
put the load on her shoulders, but: he put his palms on her shoulders;
move the hat to the nose, but: put the juggler l on nOS cardboard cylinder;
The old man was hard on his ear, but the mother looked at the boy's ear.

We'll say take sin on your soul. This is the foundation first turn, and blow. enshrined in it. But you can't say: so many products per country shu population.We are speaking fall like snow on the goal ov y. This is also a phraseological unit in which the emphasis is traditionally placed on the preposition. But you can't say: he threw the game fe tti on the heads of friends.

Often the emphasis in Russian is transferred si refers to the preposition NA when combined with numerals: na two, na three, na five, na ten, na hundred, na two, na three. But if there are two numerals next to each other with the meaning of approximate, such movement is a blow. Not about comes from: leave for two or three days, for five or six months, for two or three days. Pronunciation n A two-three, na three-five - incorrect. The preposition remains unstressed even in that case cha e, when two numerals are connected by the conjunction OR: for two or three days, for five or six months, for two or t roe days.

The accent is not transferred in Russian yk e to a preposition even when there is a clarification at the first numeral. Compare: leave for two months - leave for two months VA months and ten days; business trip for a year - business trip for a year and three months; meet cha scheduled for three o'clock - the meeting is scheduled for three hours and thirty minutes.

Finally, it should be said that sometimes The text suggests the need to save the blow. on a significant word, and not transfer it to the right units log. In a conversation about the work of the famous Russian composer, we talked about the suite for two Russian no topics (not nA two). The presenter specifically highlighted the word two to draw attention to this it orii.

BEHIND - for the leg, for the hand, for the winter, for the soul, for the mountains od , for a night, for a day, for two, for three, for five, for seven, for forty.

But the same restrictions apply here:

hide your hands behind your back - hide that grab your mother's back;
grab hands - grab hands and n ABOUT gi;
you can get there in two hours - behind two hours and forty minutes.

ON - by the forest, by the field, by the floor, by but sou, two, three, one hundred, two, three.

The blow cannot be taken. on a preposition when combining eg o with numerals five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten... fourty and complex numbers tel nal eleven, twelve, five hundred, six hundred, etc.: for five hours, for six days, for nine rubles le oh, forty kopecks.

The emphasis is not transferred to the description in the above cases:

TWO-THREE plates, five-six each t Human;
for two or three days, two or tr And the day;
two or three days, three from to fishing another day;
about two centners, but two and three tens you x quintal.

UNDER - Under the feet, under the arms, under the mountain, p One nose, in the evening.
IZ - I from home, from the forest, from sight, from os u.
WITHOUT - without news, without a year de la, to no avail.
FROM- hour From hour, year From year, From ro du.

Some two-syllable prepositions are always a are unstressed. These are FROM BECAUSE, FROM UNDER and prepositions with the fluent O: PODO, NECESSARY, OBO, OTO, ISO - because of le sa , from under the table, under me, about me, from everyone, from everyone.

Weak words- these are the words that That Although some have stress in the phrase, it is weaker than that of independent words. I call this emphasis t p obverse. Many adverbial prepositions are weakly stressed words, such as AFTER, CIRCLE, PAST, AROUND, OPPOSITE, AROSS, KOKO LO and others. The fact that these words receive only a weakened impact is clearly felt when compared with fr basics in which these words, used as adverbs, become carriers of normal hit.:

the mother stood behind the children - the river ost al behind;
the train was rushing through my field - the car about ex ala mimo;
he waved after the bus - what people-That shouted after;
we will come after an hour - we will come To to you after;
there was a spring near the house - it’s enough to go to okrug yes Around.

Side accent (or second penny oe) is indicated by the sign “gravis”, in contrast to the main blow., indicated by the sign “acute”. Side kick. usually has the preposition THROUGH: etc search well through the thicket, through the thickets, through the fog. Always carries a collateral blow. etc. e dlog EXCEPT: everyone gathered except him; don’t take anything boring with you except books; except for birch trees, there were and l ips.Some cities are weakly impacted lag single forms and introductory words IT WAS, IT HAD BEEN, SO: I would like to take up reading; seed We also ate Well, in the evenings we talked together; So he was planning to leave?

However, you should not get carried away with side effects and accents. If the speaker's speech is kept at a moderate pace, the pronunciation of unstressed words is second. P with strong stress, and weakly stressed words with normal stress. will create excessive accentuation, to O which only makes speech more difficult to perceive and disturbs listeners.

Words with side stress attracted to fuck e Special attention. For the most part, every independent word them her t just one hit. But there are words with a large number of syllables and complex in composition, which also have additional very good noe blow. This is mainly:

words formed by compounding there are two basics: all-metal, cranial-marrow, indefinite leave;
words with some pre f Xs of foreign language origin: A anti-clerical, ultra-reactionary, dust jacket, re-militarization;
compound words: ze msnarYad , R and YesSovet, oh blit, ene rgosbyt, party conference .

If a word has two stresses, then the main stress will be t is located closer to the end of the word, and closer to the beginning is the collateral. Also has knowledge chen ie and the distance of the main blow. from the beginning of the word: man, horseman, spending time with me denie, hl about poop cleaning .

Widely consumed Difficult words if they don't faces usually do not have side stress: vacuum cleaner, drain, garden, water supply, black ozЁ m, grateful, far-sighted, land surveyor, centuries-old . No collateral damage. pronounced and so common with lo wow, how EARTHQUAKE, AGRICULTURAL and others.

Side stresses appear more often in kn words similar in stylistic coloring: ( damn your crime, books of the state guardhouse) and in special words wow: ( electr o NnovAcuumny, galva noacoustics, radio reportAzh, film script, photo correspondent, shahtopodyo mn ik).

It happens when forming a complex word by compounding the main blow. moves closer to the center of the word and ends up on the wrong syllable That ry falls in a word used independently. So, we say:

a fighter - but a hammer hammer, swa fuck Oets;
WAVE - but short wave, d whether newwave;
factory - but elegant Ods cue;
Forest - but Malole sn y;
Imported - but long-distance Oz ny;
wired - electrically;
seller - but the book is a state seller;
raftable - but timber raftable;
creator - but poetry T inOrets;
ear - but oh ear;
colored - but monochromatic.

Compound adjectives and compound adjectives cyclic numerals, in the first part of which there are 3, 4, from 11 to 20, as well as 30, 40, 50, 60... 100, are often pronounced with two accents (by barrel noe - on the numeral): one eleven meters, fifteen And Liter, seven-ten-kilometer, nine-century, one-hundred-thousandth.

With two side kicks. on the lane V oh part and with the main emphasis on the second part, complex words are pronounced four xso pipes, electric machinery, and volume o togOnschik .
Always have a side effect. complex layers va , written with a hyphen: Kontr-admiral, kayu t-company, pla sch-tent, i ht-club.

Side stress may fall on some when st. awki: OVER-, AFTER-, INTER-. But here, too, the degree of use of the word plays a role. For example them er, with a side kick. words are spoken according to sleubOrochny, according to post-operative, according to slerodo th. But it is missing from words day after tomorrow, afternoon, afterword. And in words with the prefixes MEZH- To SUPER-side blow. always put: INTERNATIONAL, INTERINDUSTRY, INTERPLANETARY; sve R xdeep, super mobile, super speed .

Side stress is necessary for rights or Correctly pronounce the corresponding vowels in the word. If you say the word xo zmag without a secondary blow., then oh But will sound like this: hazmaq. The listener may not guess the meaning of this lo va. Hence, collateral damage. performs an important semantic function. In addition, it also plays a significant role And listical role. The appearance of a secondary blow. where it is not necessary, evidence TV talks about vernacular style, for example: O hostel, at seven o'clock, nine o'clock. In addition to the unacceptable vernacular surroundings ac ki, such excessive stress makes speech tedious and difficult to sp riy.

Visual and expressive capabilities accents are widely used comfortable in journalistic and works of art. The author gives persons as much he has a vivid description, showing the originality of his blow. and pronunciation. Social ts ional, professional affiliation of the character and the degree of his education. But, in a stylistically neutral speech, an indentation n not from literary norms is unacceptable. Normative verbal stress contributes to correct perception and action TV the meaning of the sounding word.

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Accent in Russian

Development phonetics of the Russian language may be challenging task for foreigners, beginners To learn Russian. As you should know, the pronunciation of Russian vowels differs depending on the accent whether this letter is located or not.

Unlike some other languages, Russian no strict accent rules– it can fall on any count syllable in a word (compare with French, where the stress almost always falls on the last syllable). Predict which syllable the stress falls on this word, is almost impossible, especially for a foreigner who has just started learning Russian.

The online tool on this page will automatically places stress in Russian words, and also restores the letter "ё" in the Russian text. This will save you time, because... you don't have to look up word stress in the dictionary.

Some Russian words, which are written the same, have different meaning depending on where the emphasis falls. Compare:

lock lock
big bigger

Such words are called homographs. The online tool will show you everything possible provisions stress in such words. The dictionary contains information about 23,376 homographs (16,609 unique spellings of words).

There is also a group of words in the Russian language that I call “false” homographs. These are words with the letter "e" that become homographs if written with the letter "e". For example, the word "bereg", being written as "bereg", can be read both as "bereg" and as "bereg". The online tool shows both possible stresses in similar words. Other examples:

wheels wheels
lakes lakes

There is another group of words that can also be written with the letter “e” or “e”. The stress position in such words is the same, but their meaning is different. For example:

All All
sky sky

If you select the stressed vowel display mode "paint red", then the letter “е” in such words will be highlighted purple: All .

Maximum text length (number of characters):

  • unregistered users – 50,
  • language pack "frequent user" – 10,000,
  • language package "polyglot" – 10,000.

Want to improve this tool? Use error correction mode in the translator of Russian words into transcription!

Stress in Russian words, homographs - online resources

Updates to this word to transcription translator

  • Updates to the online tool for placing accents in Russian words

    I have improved an online tool that places accents in Russian words. One of the improvements is the ability to restore the letter "ё" in Russian text....

The stress in the Russian language, unlike, for example, French or Polish, is free. It can fall on any part of a word: be at its beginning, stem or ending. Therefore, difficulties with its correct placement may be experienced not only by those for whom Russian is a foreign language, but also by native speakers.

In contact with

Difficulties and annoying mistakes

Almost every person experienced uncertainty about how to correctly place emphasis on a particular word. IN - words with movable stress. This means that its arrangement can change when the word form changes.

Therefore, people often doubt how to pronounce correctly: from airport or airportA, catalog or catalogue, Cakes or Cakes, cork or cork - that is, put the emphasis on the second or third syllable. In words poured and included at the end or at the base? The list of doubts goes on.

A textbook example of an ingrained error among the masses is phrase you are right A you, which they persistently say you are right, or Ringing instead of It's calling. In official speech, reports, etc. often instead agreement you can hear the agreement. You can make a list of office and stationery"words that are pronounced incorrectly by fully literate people, and in their own language at that native language. Errors are repeated, reinforced and become typical.

Correct speech says a lot about degree of education of a person, professionalism, intelligence and personal qualities. How to avoid annoying mistakes?

What to do?

How to place it correctly stress in borrowed words x in languages ​​with static stress is easy to remember, since there is a single rule of orthoepy. For example, in French, which has become firmly established in our everyday life: blinds, chassis, coupe, – the stress always falls on the last syllable.

In the Russian language there is a single rule that how to put stress on “difficult” words correctly, absent. Of course, how to check the correct accent using spelling dictionary , everyone knows. Both electronic and paper versions can be used for reference. But not everyone knows that there are other methods. With their help you can not only check word stress, but also to fix it in memory correct pronunciation.

You can check the correct stress using a spelling dictionary.

Memory varies

Experts highlight different types memory. Each of them plays its role in the formation of human literacy:

  1. Visual memory will help preserve the visual image. Correct accent, highlighted with a bright marker, will be remembered for sure. The list can be hung both at home and in the office.
  2. Always putting the right emphasis in “difficult” cases will help auditory memory. To do this, you need to say the words out loud several times or even sing them. The arrangement will “settle” in memory. It’s no coincidence that the lines of hits are so easy to remember.
  3. Speech motor memory with the help of the physical organs of speech will help to remember , how to place the correct accent in certain case. The word must be clearly pronounced out loud several times. Muscle memory will retain the pattern of the movement made.

Attention! All methods of memorization are based on certain types of human memory. Usually each person has a predominant separate species memory. Therefore, it is important to know which memory is most developed in you.

Methods of memorization

Always in sight

It's easier to remember words with correct accent, which are accompanied by funny pictures. They can be printed or drawn and kept in a visible place.

Words with the correct stress of frequently used words business You can include it in this list and hang it in your home or office:

  • rolled ABOUT G;
  • turn on AND T;
  • dev E lopment;
  • provide E reading;
  • quart A l;
  • move A sacrament;
  • prin I V;
  • on Wednesdays A m;
  • money A mi;
  • Great Danes ABOUT R.

Before a speech or report, the owner of the list just needs to skim the list with his eyes, and the word will include the stress on the last syllable and will be remembered.

Correct stress in words.

Attention! Competent public speech with well-thought-out logic of construction, correct pronunciation and intonation will make the desired impression on the listeners.

Funny rhymes

Arrangement syllable stress very important for the formation of poetic rhyme. Therefore, rhyme can be used to determine, in case of doubt, stress, which is the norm. In most cases, rhyming verses will help determine the stress in words.

funny memory poems – good way remember how to correctly pronounce words that cause difficulties. For example:

  • My blouse is off A, It turned out that it was not the same.
  • I will go to Courchevel to eat sorrel there E l.
  • I got drunk in a hurry A sat down and doused it with water A sir!
  • The one who loves t ABOUT mouths, won't wear shorts!
  • If you have money A We're going to Miami!
  • I took into account our agreement and drew up a document ABOUT R!
  • Today the little one came I r, and yesterday the table came I R.
  • Oh! Just look: there’s graff on my wall AND you!
  • My ears are ringing or someone is ringing me AND T?
  • He was tired and sat down on a stump, tightened his belt E no.

As can be seen from the funny rhymes, determining the normative stress in “insidious” words is not at all difficult. Similar poems for memory training can be found on the Internet, specialized literature, or you can come up with it yourself. This the easy way Memorization is often used by graduates when taking Russian language tests.