How to properly install a gas boiler in a private house. Installation of a gas boiler in a private house: requirements, rules and stages of installation work

All other elements can be connected independently. Each boiler has almost identical parts for connecting to communications:

• a coarse filter is installed on the return line heating circuit;

• magnetic filter is a softener domestic water. He makes preparations cold water before heating it in the hot water supply circuit;

• mesh filter;
• gas filter;

• drives are elements threaded connection pipes;

• flexible corrugated hose;

• manometer - a device for measuring pressure;

• thermostat - electronic automatic system to maintain specified parameters;

• coaxial chimney is chimney, which is a substitute for the traditional chimney in modern boilers with forced draft;

• a 3 bar safety valve is a mechanical system for automatically releasing coolant into the atmosphere when the pressure rises to critical values;

• expansion tank is designed to compensate for growth and fall hydraulic pressure in the heating system;

• shut-off valves;

• An automatic air vent is designed to remove air from the heating system.

When connected, all elements look like this:

The most simple system heating and hot water supply when using a gas double-circuit boiler has the same design as traditional systems:

The boiler is flow-through heating element to provide hot water supply and a closing link in the heating circuit.

If you need to provide a more complex heating system, then a similar scheme can be considered using another example:

The hot water supply circuit remained unchanged, but additional elements appeared in the heating circuit:

• The hydraulic arrow is installed immediately after the boiler. This is a simple vertical tank. Its purpose is to ensure constant circulation of water (while reducing coolant flow to consumers), remove air from the heating system, distribute coolant at different temperatures, maintain a temperature difference between the supply and return lines (this required condition normal operation of a gas boiler);
• distribution manifolds on the forward and return lines are needed to evenly distribute the coolant between consumers;
• individual circulation pumps for each heating circuit allow you to provide your own temperature regime in all rooms.

Gas double-circuit boilers have affordable price and allow you to provide the room with cheap heating and hot water. The use of a gas unit is possible in a heating system of any complexity.

Installing a gas boiler in a private house requires solving some problems. To the premises and equipment there are specific requirements, which will have to be carried out strictly, because Not only the quality of operation, but also safety depends on this.

Preparation for installation of a gas boiler room in a private house includes important steps for its design and approval of installation in the relevant organizations. At this stage, it is selected or built room to place the boiler, and also select desired type equipment.

It is important to correctly estimate the required gas consumption. This fuel is quite accessible in many regions of the country, but its additional selection from centralized network must require permits.

An important preparatory step is choosing the type of equipment. Gas boilers have 2 main types:

1. Single circuit type. It is intended only for heating and has a simpler design.
2. can simultaneously heat the house and provide hot water.

Boilers also differ in the way they are installed. Wall and floor options. Each of them has its pros and cons, which is taken into account when choosing equipment.

The choice of device based on power depends on the size of the house (see:). In this case, the climate coefficient (Kk) is taken into account. For central regions (including Moscow) it is 1.2-1.4; southern regions – 0.8-0.9; north of the country – 1.4-2. The evaluation calculation is carried out using the formula KхS/10. For example, for a house in the Moscow region with an area of ​​120 m², it is advisable to choose a boiler with a capacity of 120x1.2/10, i.e. 14-15 kW.

Regulatory documentation

The main document regulating the installation gas equipment in a private house, is SNiP 42.01-2002 “Gas distribution systems”. It contains the most important rules and regulations.

In addition, it would be a good idea to familiarize yourself with the requirements and recommendations regarding heating and ventilation systems ( SNiP 41.01-2003), the procedure for ensuring gas supply ( SNiP 2 04.08-87). Useful information can be gleaned from SNiP 01/31/2003 on the procedure for installing gas equipment in residential buildings.

Installation approval

In order to legally To begin installing a gas boiler, it is necessary to prepare and approve certain documents. First of all, it should be clarified in general possibility of gas sampling the required volume . For this purpose, a supply agreement (contract) is concluded natural gas to an individual(individual developer).

The most important documents for connection are Specifications . They are issued by the relevant territorial gas service. To obtain a document, you must submit an application to such an organization, indicating the purpose of additional gas supply and the planned volume of gas consumption. Registration of technical specifications is carried out within 8-12 days.

Important! The issued document clearly states the installation installation features; from the moment of issuance, it is considered an official permit to begin work.

Project development

The technical specifications only fix the conditions for installing a gas boiler, but to begin installation of the equipment it is necessary to go through the following stage - development and approval of project documentation.

In essence, a “Gas Supply” project is needed, which clearly defines the installation scheme of the boiler itself and the supply of gas to the point of its selection from the central pipeline.

It is developed by specialized organizations that have the appropriate license. The document must be approved by government organization, which is entrusted with supervisory powers (usually Raigaz or Oblgaz).

The following documents are attached to the project for approval:

1. Technical passport for the equipment.
2. Gas boiler operating instructions.
3. Sanitary certificate and certificate of technical conformity.
4. Expert opinion on equipment compliance with technical requirements.

All specified documents must be provided by the equipment manufacturer. Depending on the complexity of the installation, project approval can last from 6-7 days to 2-3 months. If approval is refused, a reason must be provided indicating the necessary changes to the project. The final approved version of the project is certified by a seal.

Installation Rules

The heating boiler must be installed in separate room, which has increased requirements:

1. Gas equipment is installed in a specially designated room. In a private house, if all standards are taken into account, a boiler room can be installed on any floor and in the basement. It is not allowed to install a gas boiler in the living room, bathroom, bathroom and kitchen.
2. The minimum permissible area of ​​the room is set based on the power of the boiler. The permissible minimum is 4 m².
3. The ceiling in the room must be raised to a height of more than 2.6 m.
4. Mandatory element in the room - opening window. The established norm is 3 cm² of window area for every 1 m² total area boiler room
5. The entrance door to the room should be wider than 80 cm. At the top, between the doorway and door leaf, a gap of more than 24 mm is left for natural ventilation.
6. It is not allowed to use flammable materials in finishing the premises. facing materials. False ceilings or false floors should not be constructed.
7. The room must have sufficient lighting and a flow of fresh air.
8. It is necessary to exclude the accumulation of moisture in the boiler room. Humidification of the environment makes it difficult to remove gas vapors.
9. It is not allowed to operate a gas boiler without a water supply.

It must be taken into account that the requirements for the boiler room premises are mandatory. Taking into account the fact that violation of standards is fraught with danger, improper installation is punishable by fines and a ban on the operation of equipment.

Requirements for individual premises

A boiler room in a separate building is organized with a boiler power of over 150 kW or at the request of the owner with any equipment. This option increases safety, completely eliminates the penetration of gas into the house, but requires the installation of a heating main with reliable thermal insulation.

When constructing a separate structure, non-combustible building materials are used. Preference is given to block and brickwork. For external cladding, metal multilayer “sandwiches” can be used. Floor covering is in progress reinforced concrete slabs. When arranging the roof, the emphasis is on metallic profile and non-combustible roofing materials.

A separate room must fully satisfy the above requirements. For boiler power over 100 kW, the minimum room area is set to 15 m². More powerful installations require adjustment of this indicator - 0.2 m² additionally for every 1 kW.

If the boiler has a mass of over 210 kg, then a foundation must be erected, which is independent of the foundation of the building itself. It rises above the floor level to a height of 12-15 cm.

Extension equipment

Special extension to residential building most often used for boilers with a power of 50-100 kW or in the absence the required premises for low-power equipment inside the house. This option is quite popular. In this case, it is important to provide fireproof protection wooden wall in the area where the extension is in contact with it. Fire resistance must be provided at least 0.7 hours.

The extension premises must comply with all established standards. Increased requirements for front door. It must be metal, open outward and be secured in such a way that it can easily fly out from the blast wave. Natural ventilation is an important requirement.

For air flow, the presence of holes and gaps is assumed, and their area is normalized by the following condition - 8 cm² for every 1 kW of boiler power.

Requirements for equipment and its elements

Gas supply to the boiler room is allowed only after inspection of the correct installation by a competent representative of the district or regional gas service. Before putting it into operation, the system must be pressure tested at a pressure of up to 1.9 atm.

Important! There should be no air remaining in the system, and all components should be checked for leaks.

The following must be observed General requirements to equipment and its parts:

• ensuring free access to equipment from all sides;
• gas pipes can be made exclusively of metal;
• a prerequisite is the presence of a gas consumption meter;
• the equipment must be reliably grounded according to the standards established for electrical installations;
• to avoid emergency situations, it is necessary to install gas analyzer, indicating the presence of a gas leak and automatic valve to shut off the gas supply in case of depressurization.

The operation of a gas boiler is quite dependent on electricity. To eliminate problems, it is advisable to install a voltage stabilizer, as well as uninterruptible power supplies.

Ventilation and chimney installation

The most important element of boiler room arrangement is reliable ventilation system. It is intended to exclude:

• accumulation carbon monoxide and gas accumulation in the presence of small leaks;
• elimination of soot settling on the surface of walls and ceilings;
• security comfortable conditions for service personnel.

Ventilation is provided by a combination of natural and forced methods.

Natural ventilation requires the presence of opening windows (in accordance with the specified standards), cracks in doorway and special ventilation holes in the wall. They usually have a diameter of 12-16 cm, and their number depends on the area of ​​the room and the power of the equipment.

The influx of fresh air occurs through the lugs at the bottom of the wall, and the outflow occurs under the ceiling on the opposite side of the wall or through the roof. The openings should be covered with a protective grill.

Forced ventilation increases the safety of equipment operation. When using powerful boilers natural ventilation can’t handle it, so exhaust fans are installed. Exhaust and ventilation pipes are installed for drainage.

A chimney (more correctly, a gas outlet) is a mandatory element for a boiler room. The following requirements are imposed on its arrangement:

• the boiler room chimney is a separate structure, not connected to other smoke exhaust systems in the house;
• the horizontal section of the outlet cannot exceed 2.8 m;
• number of knees (curvatures) – no more than 3;
• the diameter of the outlet cannot be less than the connecting pipe;
• the outer section of the chimney is installed above the roof and must rise above the ridge to a height of at least 60-70 cm.

The diameter of the chimney depends on the boiler power and must take into account the established ratio. So, with a power of less than 35 kW, the diameter is at least 13 cm, and with a power of 35-45 kW - 14 cm.

The need for utilities

In addition to the agreed connection to the gas main, the operation of gas boilers is impossible without a water supply and electrical network. Water supply in a significant volume, because water is the main coolant in the heating system. Such additional point also requires approval from the relevant organizations and installation of water flow monitoring devices.

Almost all types of gas boilers cannot operate without electricity. When connecting the electrical network, the total need for electricity is taken into account - for the boiler (according to the passport) and room lighting.

note

The line must be diverted from an individual switchboard equipped circuit breaker, protection system and counter.

Installation of a floor-standing boiler

Gas boiler installation floor type is done in the following order:

1. Forming a reliable foundation. For powerful boilers, a monolithic one is required, and for low-power equipment, a metal sheet is required.
2. Installing the boiler after checking the level of the base using .
3. Connecting the boiler to the chimney and checking the presence of the necessary draft.
4. Connecting pipes heating system. Installation of the water purification and hardness filter, as well as shut-off elements in accordance with the instructions. Ball valves are usually installed.
5. Supply and connection of water supply in the presence of a second circuit.

When installing equipment, it should be remembered that insertion into the gas main can only be carried out by a specialist with a special permit.

Conditions for placing a wall-mounted boiler

Another common type of equipment is wall-mounted gas boilers. Their installation is ensured in the following sequence:

1. The equipment is mounted on a load-bearing, high-strength wall or partition that meets fire resistance requirements.
2. The boiler body should be 45-55 mm from the wall surface and 50-60 cm from the adjacent wall. There should be a distance of at least 75 cm to the ceiling. The boiler is mounted strictly parallel to the floor surface.
3. Installation of a water filter and shut-off elements. Connection to the heating system.
4. Installation of a chimney, if provided for in the instructions.
5. Connection to the gas pipeline.
6. Electrical network connection.

When installing both types of boilers, it must be taken into account that it can only be carried out at room temperatures within the range of 6-34 degrees. After installation, the unit is slowly filled with water so that all air is displaced.

Equipment Maintenance

The operation of gas equipment must be carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions. You should always remember that any violations and gas leaks can lead to tragic consequences. Worn out and damaged equipment must not be used.

Boiler maintenance must be ensured at least 2 times a year. Before the onset of cold weather, it is carried out without fail and according to full program. The tightness of all connections, the condition of the chimney and ventilation system are checked. The filters and burner are thoroughly cleaned. If necessary, worn parts and sealing gaskets are replaced.

Gas boilers are increasingly used to provide heating and hot water supply to private homes. They are easy to use and safety is guaranteed. correct installation and operation.

There are currently many available in the market various solutions, which can be used to provide heat to your home. One of the most common options is to install wall-mounted gas boilers. Despite the relatively recent appearance wall models, they became popular very quickly. Sometimes such equipment is simply called mini-boiler rooms, because the compact housing contains many important elements that ensure reliable and effective work unit. However, in order for the heating equipment to work correctly, you need to know how to install a gas boiler.

Wall-mounted gas boilers can be located in the kitchen, bathroom, or any other room.

Features of installation and connection of a wall-mounted gas boiler

Inside, a gas wall-mounted boiler has a number of elements necessary for its operation, namely:

• a heat exchanger equipped with a burner and a unit operation control device;
• expansion tank;
• circulation pump;
• security system.

To correctly install a wall-mounted gas boiler, you need to know the rules and features of its installation, as well as have at least basic skills in working with such equipment.

A wall-mounted gas boiler can be single- or double-circuit. A single-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler can provide the house with heat, and a double-circuit one can also provide hot water. Gas boilers can be divided into atmospheric and turbocharged. In any case, depending on the technical characteristics of the equipment, they will have various features installations.

You need to understand that a wall-mounted gas boiler can be open or with closed camera combustion. So, in the first case, combustion products and smoke are removed naturally. In a closed chamber, a fan is used for smoke removal. For equipment with open camera Combustion air is taken directly from the room. However for proper operation For such a unit, a number of recommendations must be followed.

Before connecting a wall-mounted gas boiler to a previously installed chimney, you must make sure that it is clean, because During operation, dirt may fall off and block the exit of combustion products. The connection of such equipment with an existing chimney must be done exclusively using a metal pipe that is resistant to mechanical wear and tear. high temperatures, as well as exposure to aggressive environments such as condensate and combustion products.

Before turning, at the outlet of the unit, the length of the vertical section of the connecting section must be greater than 2 pipe diameters. After this area the pipe must have an upward slope directed towards the boiler.

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Wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber

If we consider a wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed chamber, it should be mentioned that combustion products are removed in this case using a fan. Air to support combustion is taken from the street. Such a boiler does not need to be connected to an individual chimney. The outlet can be carried out into a collective chimney or using coaxial chimney, built into outer wall. The main thing is to ensure that no dirt gets into the fan mounting area during installation. Be sure to check this location before starting up the equipment.

You need to make sure that the fresh air intake pipe is located at a height of at least 220 cm from the ground, and it protrudes from the wall by at least 18 mm. Pay attention to the position of the chimney system pipes. The pipes must be inclined downwards. This is done so that the condensate formed during the combustion process can be removed from the chimney. The space between the wall and the pipe must be carefully sealed. This will prevent dirt and rainwater from entering the house through this hole.

It is necessary to take into account the fact that at a distance of at least 15 cm in front of the gas outlet pipe there should be no various kinds obstacles. Structures located above the chimney must be located at a height of at least 25 cm. Otherwise, the flow of exhaust smoke will be disrupted, which can lead to improper operation of the unit or even cause an emergency. And finally, you need to make sure that the chimney pipe is not clogged or loose.

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Before installing a wall-mounted gas boiler, you need to notify the gas supply service at your place of residence about your intentions for installation.

Everything is agreed upon there necessary actions and equipment installation diagram.

When purchasing a new gas boiler, be sure to check the delivery contents. After unpacking, the unit should be in perfect appearance, and an instruction manual must be included with it. If any part is missing, be sure to contact the suppliers and solve the problems.

Needs to be verified specifications indicated on the device box and on the boiler itself. In addition, you need to make sure that these indicators correspond to the figures given in the boiler operating instructions. Before installing the equipment, you need to clarify whether the device will work normally with the type of gas supplied.

The wall-mounted gas boiler should be prepared for installation. Before installing the unit, it is necessary to flush the pipes from various types of foreign particles. It is necessary to flush the heating system lines. A wall-mounted gas boiler can only be installed on a vertical, flat surface capable of supporting the weight of the unit itself and the connected additional equipment. Here you need to take into account the material from which the wall is made, and load-bearing capacity fasteners.

If the boiler is installed on a wall made of flammable materials, a sheet should be installed under the device. non-flammable material thickness of at least 3 mm, and install the boiler itself at a distance of at least 5 cm from the wall.

For a wall-mounted boiler, it is necessary to organize separate wiring with a switch and stabilizer. This system must be provided with grounding. The device must hang perfectly level on the wall.

Before carrying out installation work, it is necessary to provide the necessary space on the wall for installation. The distance between the ceiling and the boiler must be at least 500 mm, between the boiler and the floor - from 800 mm. The first start-up and setup of the unit and all accompanying equipment must be carried out in the presence of a gas company employee.

Autonomous heating, organized using equipment using natural or liquefied gas- the most cost-effective option. Most instructions state that installation of gas equipment should only be carried out by certified companies. But here they are a little disingenuous. Connection of equipment is carried out only by specialists gas companies, and installation and installation of equipment can be done on your own, but after obtaining permission to operate and install gas appliances. This permit is usually issued by the regional office of the gas company that serves the region.

Installing a boiler and heating system on your own will significantly reduce costs, and the quality of work is usually higher, since the owner does everything, slowly, for himself. Of course, installing a boiler and installing heating is not an easy technical task, but if the rules and requirements for installing equipment are strictly followed, it is quite within the capabilities of a person who has certain knowledge and experience in performing installation work.

Installation work to create a heating circuit in a house or apartment begins after all approvals have been completed and the relevant documents have been received. The list of these documents is small, but their preparation takes a lot of time.

Before you begin installing a gas boiler, you must have the following documents:

If you purchased, for example, a Thermona gas boiler, then the documentation package must include the following documents:

You should be careful when purchasing and carefully check the availability of relevant documents. Without them, approval in Gorgaz could become significantly more complicated. You can read about how to legally connect individual heating in an apartment.

The project has been approved, what to do next?

Most consumers who use gas equipment are confident that only certified specialists have the right to install gas equipment. This is one of the deepest misconceptions. Specialists gas services They only deal with wiring and connecting gas pipelines. Therefore, installation of gas or solid fuel heating boilers, plumbing, connecting the electrical network to the equipment and others installation work do not require special permission.

It is important to know and comply with the requirements regulatory documents to the arrangement of the boiler room, chimney and to the boiler room. If selected self installation gas boiler, the cost of creating a heating system will be significantly lower.

Basic requirements for boiler rooms

If you decide to install a gas boiler yourself, then the requirements for the arrangement of the boiler room must be strictly followed. Failure to comply with them is fraught with a fine and additional costs for eliminating violations of the rules. If there is no room for a boiler room, then a boiler with a power of less than 60 kW can be installed in any room of the house, but most often heating boilers are installed in the kitchen, which must meet the requirements. When installing a wall-mounted boiler, the wall must be made of non-combustible material.

Main characteristics and requirements for the room for installing a gas boiler:

The chimney is the most important element of the system

Before starting heating installation, it is necessary to install a chimney for a gas boiler, the quality factor of which determines the safe and efficient operation of the equipment.

Modern boilers are equipped with sensors that automatically turn off the gas if there is poor draft in the chimney.

Exist certain rules arrangement of chimneys, which must be complied with without fail. Failure to follow the rules or a malfunction not detected in a timely manner can lead to tragedy.

Regulatory documents define the basic requirements for the chimney:

• the diameter of the chimney must correspond to the diameter specified in the instructions;
• to create good draft, the upper end of the chimney is placed 0.5 meters above the roof;
• are considered the best chimneys made from steel pipes;
• the pipe between the boiler and the chimney should not exceed 25 cm;
• the number of turns or bends of the chimney is no more than 3.

Installation of a floor-standing boiler

There are certain rules for installing a gas boiler, and when installing the boiler yourself, Gorgaz representatives will be especially picky. In case of non-compliance with any standards, they can impose a fine and force the violations to be eliminated. You just have to remember that self-installation Do-it-yourself floor-standing or wall-mounted gas boiler installation is not a violation.

Many organizations take advantage of people's poor knowledge of regulations. If you place an order with them for the installation of a gas boiler, the price of the work can reach half the cost of the equipment. Therefore, if all the requirements are met, then Gorgaz employees are obliged to connect and start the boiler for the first time.

A floor-standing gas boiler is most often used for big houses with several floors. Already when purchasing a boiler, you need to pay attention and choose a boiler with a direction of outlet pipes that exactly matches the project. For example, Termona gas boilers are available with several options for the location of outlet pipes. Then cook solid foundation, although you can install the boiler on a sheet of galvanized steel. This sheet should protrude more than 30 centimeters beyond the dimensions.

Important for normal operation, level the boiler.

After installing the boiler, the chimney is connected and checked for draft. To increase the service life of the boiler, it is necessary to install a cleaning filter. It is installed in the return line. Before installing a gas boiler, you need to apply pressure. If everything is normal, the boiler and heating circuit are connected, the system is filled with water, the power supply is connected and an application is made to Gorgaz for connection to the gas main.

Connecting a wall-mounted boiler

If you do not need a lot of power to heat your house, then ideal option is the installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler, the standards are basically the same, although there are minor differences. Boilers of this type are installed on the walls of rooms that meet the standards. Distance between gas appliances at least 20 cm, and the distance between the wall and the boiler is 30–50 centimeters. It is necessary to provide water supply to power the boiler, and an electrical network.

Before installing the boiler, it is advisable to rinse running water boiler heat exchanger to remove possible contaminants and foreign particles. The fastening strips are located at a height of 0.8 - 1.6 m from the floor. The boiler is connected to the gas mains metal pipe or corrugated flexible hose made of stainless steel. Such adapters are specially designed for connecting gas equipment.

One of the popular heating boilers is the Thermon gas boiler, which is produced by the Czech company Thermona. The company produces floor-mounted, wall-mounted, condensing and electric boilers various series and models. The range of products is extremely large. The catalog includes gas and electric, solid fuel and condensing boilers.

Features of installing boilers in apartment buildings

To create an autonomous heating system, it is necessary to install a gas boiler in apartment building the requirements for it are almost the same. For standalone systems apartment buildings turbocharged boilers with a closed combustion chamber are selected. Links to SNiP, which prohibits the installation of boiler houses in multi-storey buildings, do not stand up to criticism.

SNiP was developed back in the last century. Subject to compliance with the relevant technical requirements to the premises for the installation of modern gas equipment, boilers for autonomous heating can be installed. After all, modern insulated combustion chambers of boilers ensure safety and comfort in the home.

If permission has been received to create an autonomous heating system in an apartment building, then rational decision There will be a double-circuit gas boiler installed in the apartment to provide hot water. The apartment was connected to central heating, which means during installation separate heating you will need to disconnect from it and install a closed autonomous system. This means that you will need to install heating radiators, connect them with pipelines, which are connected to the installed boiler.

Before connecting the circuit to the boiler, it is necessary, and without fail, to apply liquid pressure. For new system the pressure should be 2 times the working pressure. In principle, connecting a gas boiler to the heating system does not matter; it is carried out after testing, but connecting to the gas main and starting the boiler can only be carried out by licensed gas service workers.

The first time, after starting the autonomous heating, you need to monitor and make sure that the boiler and its automation are working correctly. When dialing set temperature coolant, the boiler should automatically turn off. If this does not happen, then it makes no sense to ask why the gas boiler does not turn off. A serious malfunction has occurred. Either the control unit has failed or the sensor is faulty. In this case, you need to call specialists who are qualified to repair gas boilers.