How to choose a safety group for a heating boiler. Installing a security group in a closed heating system What is a security group in heating

The user does not have the constant opportunity to be nearby all the time and monitor the heating equipment, checking its proper operation, temperature indicators and pressure level. Here, additional mechanisms and sensors come to the aid of a person, designed to monitor the combustion procedure fully automatically.

Any heating system operates under pressure. There is a safe range of indicators that a correctly operating system should demonstrate during the heating and cooling processes.

To monitor the pressure, as well as to allow it to be released in the event of an emergency to the required level, a safety group has been developed.

The security group has a special important for boilers operating on solid fuel, since the temperature in them is less controllable, as well as for those using gas as fuel, due to the increased risk of fuel explosion.

Advantages and disadvantages

First of all, you need to know about the advantages of a heating system closed type:

• The coolant does not evaporate. There is an important advantage here - it is possible to use not only water, but also. Consequently, the possibility of the entire system freezing during unplanned breaks during its use is eliminated, for example, if it is necessary to leave a residential building on long time for the winter.
• It is possible to place a compensation tank almost anywhere. As a rule, a space is provided for it directly in the boiler room next to the heating device. Thanks to this, the compactness of the entire heating complex is ensured.
• Forced circulation in structures with a closed type of operation in more short time guarantees heating of the room from the moment the boiler is turned on. There is no unnecessary heat loss nearby.
• It is characterized by flexibility, that is, it is possible to adjust temperature regime heating in a separately selected room, as well as selectively turn off certain sections of the general circuit.
• It is hermetically sealed, so if it is filled correctly with air and the valve system is functioning normally, there should simply be no air in it. This eliminates the possibility of education air jams. Moreover, the inability to access oxygen contained in the air does not allow corrosion to actively develop.

Don't forget about the disadvantages:

• The expansion compensation tank must have a larger volume compared to an open-type system, since this is due to the specifics of its internal design.
• It is mandatory to install a safety group, which involves a set of safety mechanisms.

Operating principle

The security group consists of a housing on which 3 devices are installed:

• pressure gauge;
• safety valve;
• air vent.

Pressure gauge

It is designed to measure and control pressure levels. For each heating mechanism in the accompanying technical documentation the maximum permissible pressure level is determined.

In principle, the entire activity of the safety unit for the boiler ultimately comes down to preventing pressure levels from increasing.

This device allows the user to monitor the necessary indicators.

Safety valve

The main task is to protect the heating system from high pressure.

Designed to drain excess liquid. If the combustion procedure is not controlled, the liquid will actively expand, which will lead to excessive pressure levels. If nothing is done under these circumstances, a burst of coolant is possible.

This valve is installed by the manufacturer at specific pressure levels, so if they are higher than normal, the valve opens and water is discharged. When the system is restored to normal operation, the valve will close automatically.

The safety valve will require special attention:

• Even before using it in the system, it is necessary to monitor the performance of the equipment. This can be achieved using a special pressing pump.
• Another option is to turn the cap in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Air vent

Protects the system from airing. When filling the heating system with liquid, if there is a leak somewhere, then air will get into it.

Moreover, initially the first batches of liquid will release a certain small amount of air.

In this case, a plug is created that prevents the necessary circulation of liquid, which ultimately provokes temperature changes, suspicious noises, and may even cause the entire system to boil.

Installation

How to correctly connect a security group? It should be installed in a closed-type heating system, since open type With expansion tank Installing this device will be pointless.

The entire group is installed using a trident.

How to choose a place for installation. This should be the space:

• with a horizontal surface;
• at the top point of the pipeline, above heating device;
• supply pipes after the boiler;
• approximately one and a half meters or less from the heating equipment.

If the pipe from the boiler extends vertically upward, for example, to the next second floor, then it is necessary to make a small branch with an angle so that the entire safety group is located on an area with a horizontal surface, and the sensors look only upward.

There are a few more basic principles when installing a security group:

• The “trident” should be mounted with the sensors facing up.
• Between heating equipment and the safety group should not have any shut-off valves.
• In order for the air vent to start functioning, you need to unscrew the cap on its lid. After the initial release of air, the cap should be screwed into place, but in such a way that the device remains slightly open.
• The filters used protect the system components from slag blockages.

Adjustment methods

In the process of heating the coolant, it expands, which leads to an increase in volume. Therefore, before adjusting the heat in the room, you should monitor the activity of the entire cycle.

Remember the basic principles when regulating pressure in heating system:

• Pressure gauges are installed before and after the boiler, in distribution manifolds at the very top and bottom of the system.
• If there is one, the pressure gauge should be mounted before it.
• An expansion tank is required for installation.
• The safety valve and air vent will prevent a critical increase in the pressure level in the pipes.

The best manufacturers

Among the manufacturers that produce safety valves for boilers, two companies should be noted.

Watts is ready to offer users a wide range of components for heating systems, including safety groups.

All the lineup series KSG equipped with a safety valve that is activated at a pressure level of three bar. The models are designed to work with hot water boilers with a power from fifty to two hundred kilowatts.

The price range varies from two to six thousand rubles.

Valtec is also in high demand among consumers. This company produces safety groups designed for boilers and expansion tanks with wall-mounted option installation

Average price of a security group VT 460, presented in a brass body and designed for boilers and hot water supply systems, will amount to 1.7 thousand rubles.

The security group is an important component the entire heating system. Must be strictly followed existing rules during installation, as well as monitor the performance of all elements. In the event of an emergency, this modest element will prevent various elements from going out of working order, as well as their very costly repairs.

Various elements are used in the piping of boiler installations, each of which performs its assigned function. Some ensure circulation of the coolant, others distribute or block it, and others are responsible for filtering or compensating for the expanding volume of liquid. There are also devices that prevent accidents from occurring in emergency situations. In this article we will highlight the question of what role the boiler safety group plays in the heating system, what it consists of and how to install it correctly.

Design and purpose of a security group

In essence, this simple element consists of three different devices mounted on a common manifold. The latter is made of brass or of stainless steel and has 3 seats in the form of threaded holes.

The collector is equipped at the bottom threaded coupling for connection to the heating system. Screwed to it from above:

• pressure gauge;
• automatic air vent;
• relief safety valve.

Accordingly, the heating safety group combines 3 functions; we will analyze each of them in more detail. The pressure gauge is used to visually monitor the water pressure in the boiler tank and the system as a whole. He also plays important role when filling the pipeline network and adjusting the pressure in the case when the heating system is a closed type.

The main function of the air vent is service. Inside it there is a chamber with a float mechanically connected to a valve that opens when there is no water. The purpose of the device is to remove air when the boiler and system are filled with coolant, as well as during operation. There are also additional function– release of the first portions of steam formed in the boiler tank during overheating.

A safety valve is an emergency device that releases water, steam or a mixture of them if the set pressure threshold is exceeded. It turns out that the principle of operation of the boiler safety group is to control and prevent emergency situations associated with boiling of the coolant in the water jacket of the heat generator. After all, what happens? First, the pressure gauge registers an increase in pressure, then the emerging steam leaves through the air vent, and the last stage is the release of water or steam-water mixture from the system by a safety valve.

If there were no safety group in the heating system, then overheating would inevitably be followed by an explosion of the unit shell with all the ensuing consequences. And so, if you do not take any action, the relief valve will drain water until the pressure is within acceptable limits. In the vast majority of boiler installations, the upper pressure threshold is 3 Bar, although there are instances with a maximum operating pressure of 1.6-2 Bar.

Scope of application

It turns out that a safety group for heating is not always needed, but at the request of the homeowner it can be installed in any system and serve as a safety net. For example, heat generators that burn natural gas And diesel fuel, as well as those powered by electricity, do not require additional protection. These boilers themselves have high level safety and can instantly stop and stop heating if the temperature or pressure increases.

Note. In closed heating systems with a gas or electric boiler, a safety group is most often installed for ease of control and maintenance.

But solid fuel heat sources have great inertia and cannot stop immediately. Even automated pellet boilers take a little time to burn the fuel that enters the combustion zone. Imagine a firebox full of burning wood? When the temperature in the jacket rises, the thermostat or controller will shut off the air instantly, but the process will not stop immediately. The firewood will not go out, but will begin to smolder, and as a result, the water temperature will increase by a few more degrees. Only the safety team can prevent boiling and explosion. solid fuel boiler, which is why it is an indispensable attribute of heat generators of this type.

Note. Most manufacturers initially equip their solid fuel units with a safety group.

Installation instructions

If a wood or coal boiler is not equipped with a safety group, then you can easily buy it separately or assemble it yourself. The main thing here is to choose the right devices for your heat generator. Specifications The automatic air vent does not play a big role, but the pressure gauge and emergency valve are selected according to the maximum operating pressure specified in the operating instructions for the boiler.

In general, installing a security group in a heating system is not difficult; anyone can do it if they have standard set metalworking tools. Installation can be carried out in two ways:

• installation on the “original” fitting coming out of the boiler;
• insertion into the supply pipeline at the outlet of the heat generator.

Important. When installing the element, one main rule should be remembered: it is prohibited to install any fittings in the area between the outlet pipe of the unit and the safety group and it is not allowed to connect other devices using a tee. The length of this section should be as short as possible; ideally, the devices are placed near the boiler itself. The photo below shows the entire set of listed violations:

When the group is placed on the supply line, you should choose a place so that the pressure gauge readings are clearly visible from the entrance to the boiler room. Sometimes this requires installing a security group on a vertical section of pipe or a special bracket attached to the wall. A hose (preferably transparent) should be connected to the outlet pipe of the safety valve and lowered into plastic canister or sewer. The first option is good because you will always notice by the presence of water in the container when the boiler was operating in critical mode in your absence.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that security groups only need to be installed solid fuel boilers, it is possible, and even recommended, to be installed in all closed-type heating systems. This will not lead to large costs, but it will create comfortable conditions for maintenance and will provide an additional layer of protection.

A person cannot constantly be near a heating device, checking its serviceability, temperature readings and pressure. Additional devices come to the rescue that will monitor the combustion process automatically.

The boiler safety group for heating is especially important for solid fuel boilers, because the temperature in them is the least controllable, as well as for gas boilers, due to the explosiveness of the fuel. What is included in a security group, how it works and how to install it.

Principle of operation

The boiler safety group is a metal “trident” with three devices installed on it:

1. Pressure gauge.
2. Safety valve.
3. And an air vent.

Pressure gauge

Measures pressure. For each boiler, the passport indicates the maximum permissible value pressure.

The entire work of the safety unit ultimately comes down to preventing pressure from rising.

And the pressure gauge allows people to see the readings. Measured in Atmospheres or Bars.

Safety valve

Drains excess water. If the combustion process gets out of control, the water expands intensively, creating excess pressure. If nothing is done, a coolant breakthrough may occur.

The safety valve is set by the manufacturer to certain pressure values, and if they are exceeded, the valve opens and a discharge occurs.

When the system returns to normal, the valve closes automatically.

It is used to separate and block the flow of water in a heating system. Read carefully on our website about the principle of operation, types and advantages of its use. It may be useful for you to learn how to piping a heating boiler. Detailed diagrams

and the procedure for installation work you will find. Any boiler needs a smoke exhaust system. Here you will find installation instructions coaxial chimney For gas boiler

. Please also review the safety requirements.

Protects the system from airing. When the system is filled with water, or if there is a leak somewhere, air also enters it.

In addition, at first a small amount of air will be released from the new batch of water.

A plug is created that prevents normal water circulation, which leads to temperature fluctuations, extraneous noise, and in the worst case, boiling of the system.

For ease of air release, a float air vent mechanism is provided. In normal mode it is usually closed.

The valve should be adjusted to a pressure 15-20% higher than the operating pressure of the boiler. For a private home, 3 bar is usually sufficient.

Installation

How to connect a boiler safety group? You need to install the security group in closed system heating (in open system with an expansion tank, installing the device does not make sense).

Install the group using a tee.

How to choose a location for installation. This should be the area:

• horizontal;
• at the highest point of the pipeline, above the boiler;
• supply pipe after the boiler;
• approximately 1.5 meters or less from the heating device.

If the pipe from the boiler goes vertically upward (for example, to the second floor), then you need to make a small branch with an angle so that the safety group is still located on a horizontal section, and the devices look straight up.

If the boiler is very powerful, it may be necessary to install a backup safety unit.

Heating safety group after installation

Other principles for installing a boiler safety group:

1. The “trident” needs to be installed with the devices facing up.
2. There should be no shut-off valves between the boiler and the safety unit.
3. To make the air vent work, you need to unscrew the small cap on its lid. After the first release of air, the cap is screwed into place, but so that the device remains slightly open.
4. The filter will protect the device elements from clogging with slag.

Safety valve

The safety valve requires special attention.

• Even before using it in the system, the functionality of the device must be checked. This is done using a special pressure testing pump.
• The second way is to turn the cap where the arrow points. The spring must first rise and then fall, closing the valve.

Such checks must be carried out before each heating season.

To hot water from the safety valve does not lead to injuries (unexpected release can occur when people are nearby), make a small pipeline into a special container or sewer.

What to look for when buying

The accompanying documents indicate the parameters for which the safety unit is designed.

The most important of them:

• What boiler power is the device designed for (in kW).
• For what nominal pressure?
• What water temperature can the equipment operate with (up to 120 0 C).
• What coolant is it compatible with: water, steam, antifreeze.
• What is the thread of the connection.

So. The safety group protects the boiler from serious problems, which in best case scenario may result in costly repairs. The price of the device is relatively low - simple models can be purchased for 1600 - 1700 rubles.

Boiler power – important indicator for organizing a heating system. It is necessary to be able to calculate this parameter in order to use the device as efficiently as possible.

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Installing a heating system in a residential area is a crucial moment that requires certain knowledge. In addition to reliable connection of the entire structure, constant monitoring of the pressure of the water flow in the pipes should be ensured. For remote control There is a boiler safety group installed in a closed hydraulic system. This small detail will be especially useful for owners of heating systems based on solid fuel or gas boilers. Installing the device does not require professional skills; standard plumbing tools will be sufficient.

The figure shows a tee, which represents an integral safety group of the boiler. The brass manifold is connected to a closed water supply system using a coupling, and the main elements are located on the top of the distributor:

• Safety valve
• Air vent
• Pressure gauge

Operating principle and benefits

Each of the elements plays a specific role to avoid emergency situations when operating gas and solid fuel boilers.

• If the fire in the boiler goes out, the water will begin to cool and over time it will expand, which will lead to an increase in pressure in the pipes. The water release valve protects the system from rupture by eliminating excess liquid.
• The metal housing of the air vent contains a float connected to the outlet plug. Depending on the amount of air in the pipeline, the float automatically opens and closes the outlet valve.
• The dial with arrows displays the pressure in the entire system. The maximum indicator is 6 Bar. Various models boilers have their own pressure limits for safe operation, you should familiarize yourself with them before installation.

The benefits of the boiler safety group will become noticeable after several months of use - you will be able to save on the services of a plumber. The heating system will operate without failures and will not require constant supervision of its operation.

Selecting the appropriate security group

When choosing a protecting group, pay attention Special attention on the following aspects:

• Index maximum power boiler for which the protective device is designed.
• The pressure at which the system will operate. Depending on the manufacturer, the figure can vary from 4 to 10 Bar.
• Permissible temperature of water circulating in the pipeline. The models presented on the market allow a flow of no higher than 120˚C.
• Compatible with various coolants: steam, water or antifreeze flows.
• Study the principle and thread of the connection so that you don’t have to look for additional adapters and seals later.

In order for the security group to work more efficiently, before purchasing the device, you need to accurately calculate the power of your home boiler. Formula for calculation:

S is the area of ​​the house.

U is climatic conditions (the indicator depends on the region of the country):

• South - 0.9 kW
• Moscow and region - 1.5 kW
• Middle band - 1.2 kW
• North - 2 kW

If the room is not insulated, we add 50-55% of the resulting product to the boiler power. As a result, the average price of the device in Russia ranges from 1,500 to 1,700 rubles.

Installation rules and features

It is important to remember that the boiler safety group is installed only in a closed heating system. The device is useless in a design with an expansion tank, since it is the open container that protects the system.

Installation of a tee in a closed system

• Selecting a location for installation. This should be a pipe coming out of the heating boiler. Installation is carried out in a horizontal position at the top of the pipeline.
• The distance between the boiler and the appliance should not exceed 50 cm.
• There should be no taps or branches between the heat generator and the tee.
• The air outlet is located strictly vertically. When you first start the system, you need to unscrew its cap a little to let out excess air, then tighten it again, but not all the way.

In some models of boilers with wood and coal fuel, the manufacturer pre-provides a pipe for mounting a group of sensors - there is no need to independently search for a site for installation.

It happens that a consumer does not want to spend money on an expensive part from imported manufacturers and chooses the option of assembling a security group on his own. Accessories for protective device can be found in hardware stores. Some tips for choosing:

• Do not purchase too cheap parts, for example from Chinese manufacturers. Sensor failure may occur during the first operation, or the valves may not respond to increased pressure at all. You can find inexpensive parts from domestic suppliers.
• Buy an air vent direct type. An angled outlet increases air resistance, which complicates the process and leads to increased pressure.
• Choose a thick-walled brass manifold. To avoid mistakes, compare the weight of different models.

It is not always necessary to purchase and independently install a safety group for a boiler - it all depends on the heat generator. Modern boilers can be equipped protective system, so before starting any installation work Please read the heater data sheet carefully. It is possible that the device with sensors is supplied separately and only needs to be installed.

Regardless of the type of boiler in your living space, the safety group will make the heating system comfortable and durable. All costs will be recouped, because expensive equipment will not be subject to emergency situations.

The block or, as it is also called, the safety group for heating is considered one of the main elements that ensure the proper functioning of the entire complex autonomous heating. Most modern modifications of boiler equipment already include a protective device, but other boilers require its installation. Let's take a closer look at what it is, how it works and is installed.

Design features and operating principle

The safety group in the heating system consists of four main parts:

• brass or steel manifold equipped with 4 threads internal type;
• safety valve;
• pressure gauge operating at pressures up to 6 bar;
• automated air vent.

The operating principle of a safety unit for a heating system is quite simple; each component performs an individual function to protect the device.

1. The pressure gauge informs the user about the pressure when the system is filled with coolant and the boiler equipment is turned on.
2. The safety valve creates optimal conditions for the operation of the entire device. But most importantly, it eliminates the possibility of the heat generator exploding during a sudden surge in flow.
3. The air vent removes accumulated air.
4. The collector serves as a connecting vein that combines all elements into a single device - a heating safety group.

The heating safety system is installed regardless of the type of boiler equipment used. Whether it is a solid fuel, diesel or gas unit, the device is necessary for a heating line with increased pressure.

The GB includes a pressure gauge, a safety valve and an air vent - this is a classic circuit responsible for the performance of the entire system

With an expansion tank, a heating protection block is not installed if the tank has open view. The accumulated air exits through the container, and the pressure will still be equal to atmospheric pressure. It turns out that the protective function in this case is performed by the expander.

Installation nuances

The boiler is the most expensive element and at the same time the weakest part in the entire heating system. This is justified by the fact that most modifications require operation at pressures up to 3 bar, when plastic pipelines have a maximum limit of 10, cast iron batteries - 7.

This factor is the primary reason why the installation of a safety group in a closed heating system is carried out on the supply pipe located next to the boiler. The device protects the unit from the destructive consequences of a sudden increase in pressure.

Important! If the house has a budget option solid fuel unit, it is necessary to adjust the valve so that it operates as soon as the readings approach 1.5-2 Bar. In such boilers, the thickness of the sheets is too small and regulation is necessary so that they do not separate along the welding seams.

The highest temperature conditions are formed in the boiler jacket. Therefore, when the coolant overheats, the evaporation will first collect in this part. In order for the expansion condensate to be immediately discharged outside, two outlet valves must be installed near the heat generator.

VIDEO: How the system works

• the device must be mounted on a pipe leaving the boiler at a distance of up to 500 mm from it;
• On the pipe connecting the boiler unit and the protective block for closed-type heating, it is prohibited to install any additional parts - taps, valves, information devices, etc.

• this pipeline must consist exclusively of durable metal; plastic and metal-plastic materials are not allowed for use;
• the air vent must be connected strictly vertically without slopes in any direction;
• the safety valve must be supplemented with a silicone hose; it is lowered down into a transparent container or simply onto the floor.

It is not recommended to insert the valve drain pipe of a solid fuel boiler into sewer outlet. In the event of an emergency, strong pressure may come from the hose, which can cause all the dirt from the sewer to spill onto the floor.

Installation of homemade automation

Many consumers wonder whether it is possible to save money on purchasing a security group. Experts do not recommend buying budget variations of devices, since they will affect the quality of operation of the boiler and the entire heating line in the event of an emergency.

It is better to give preference to proven brands. Such devices are sold at a fairly high cost, for example, the Icma device is sold for 43-48 USD. In this case, you can save money by purchasing separate parts and assembling the device yourself.

What will happen as a result:

When assembling and installing a security group to the system with your own hands, the benefits will be obvious; costs will be reduced by almost 2 times. This is the only option to reduce costs.

Experts shared recommendations on how to independently select the necessary spare parts for subsequent assembly of the unit. When choosing, it is better to rely on the experience of experts with many years of practice, so that an unpleasant situation does not result:

• buy parts from trusted brands, Chinese parts quickly fail and sometimes cannot cope with the pressure release on their own;
• choose an emergency valve based on the operating pressure of the heat generator specified in the passport or operating instructions;
• It is not recommended to use a corner air vent; mount the part exclusively of the straight type

The design may be different, but the essence remains the same - safe work heating systems

• When choosing a cross, pay attention to its weight; the larger it is, the denser and more reliable the structure.

Most of variations of wood-burning or gas units operates with a maximum level of 3 bar. The exception is heat generators long burning Stropuva max 5 Bar or Chinese equivalents - 1.5 Bar.

Stages of assembling a protective device for a closed heating main:

• the upper outlet of the cross is intended for installing an air release;
• a pressure gauge is mounted on one side;
• An emergency valve is connected to the second side.

The finished protective device is “embedded” into the pipeline leaving the boiler unit. Enough simple circuit connection that everyone can do " home handyman» if you have the slightest experience in working with plumbing.

A few words in conclusion

As mentioned above, the protective block must be installed in any closed heating system, regardless of the modification of the boiler unit and the country of manufacture. Most gas boilers are already equipped with this element, but the rest of the equipment does not include a block. In this case, it must be purchased separately. Information about the presence of a security group in the kit is reflected in the instructions.

Manufacturers of wood-burning heat generators have provided this moment and included in the security group. But it must be installed separately from the unit.

VIDEO: How to properly fill the heating system