Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov historical poem grandfather. Poet's library

(Dedicated to Z-n-h-e)

I
Once at my father's office,
Sasha saw the portrait
Shown in the portrait
There was a young general.
"Who is this? - asked Sasha. -
Who?..” - “This is your grandfather.” -
And dad turned away
He hung his head low.
“Why don’t I see him?”
Dad didn't say a word in response.
Grandson, standing in front of his grandfather,
He looks keenly at the portrait:
“Dad, why are you sighing?
Is he dead... alive? speak!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know.”
- “That’s it... you say, look!..”

II
“Do you know grandpa, mom?” -
The son speaks to his mother.
“I know,” and Sasha held his hand
He drags his mother to the portrait,
Mom goes against her will.
“Tell me about him,
Mother! Is he unkind or something?
Why can't I see him?
Well, dear! well, do it
Mercy, say something!”
- “No, he is both kind and brave,
Only unfortunate." - On the chest
Mother hid her head
Sighs heavily, trembles -
And she burst into tears... And Sasha
He looks keenly at his grandfather:
“Why are you crying, mom?
You don’t want to say a word!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
Let's go for a walk better..."

III
There is great anxiety in the house.
Happy, bright-faced,
Cleaning the house again
Mom and dad are whispering.
How fun their conversation is!
The son notices and remains silent.
“You will see your grandfather soon!” -
Sasha's father says...
He's only raving about his grandfather
Sasha, can’t sleep:
“Why hasn’t he been going for so long?..”
- "My friend! He has a long way to go!”
Sasha sighs sadly,
He thinks: “What an answer!”
It's finally coming
This mysterious grandfather.

IV
Everything, having been waiting for a long time,
Suddenly we met an old man...
He blessed, weeping,
Home, and family, and servants,
I shook off the dust at the threshold,
Solemnly removed from his neck
Image of a crucified god
And, having been baptized, he said:
“Today I have come to terms with everything,
What have I suffered forever!..”
The son bowed before his father,
He washed the old man's feet;
White curls scratched
Grandfather Sasha's mother,
I stroked them, kissed them,
She called Sasha to kiss.
Right hand to mom
Grandfather grabbed, and the other
Stroking rosy Sasha:
“What a handsome guy!”
Grandfather with a gaze
Sasha looked, - suddenly
The boy's tears are streaming
They rushed to grandpa's grandson
He rushed: “Grandfather! where are you
Lived and disappeared for so many years?
Where are your epaulets?
Why aren't you wearing a uniform?
What are you hiding on your leg?
Was your hand wounded or what?...”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
Well, kiss the old man!..”

V
Cheerful, revived,
The whole house breathes joy.
Sasha became friends with his grandfather,
The two of them are always walking.
They walk through meadows, forests,
Cornflowers are tearing among the fields;
Grandfather is ancient for years,
But still cheerful and handsome,
Grandfather's teeth are intact
Walk, posture is firm,
The curls are fluffy and white,
Like a silver beard;
Slender, tall,
But how a baby looks
Somehow apostolically simple,
Exactly always says...

VI
They will come ashore sloping
To Russian great river -
The thieving sandpiper whistles,
Thousands of paws on the sand;
The barge is led by a towline,
Chu, barge haulers' voices!
The smooth surface beyond the river -
Cornfields, meadows, forests.
It blows with a slight coolness
From the slow, slumbering waters...
Grandfather kisses the ground
She cries and sings quietly...
"Grandfather! what are you dropping
Large tears, like hail?..”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out!
Don't be sad - I'm glad..."

VII
I'm glad I see the picture
Sweet to my eyes since childhood.
Look at this plain -
And love her yourself!
Two or three noble estates,
Twenty churches of the Lord,
One hundred peasant villages
Like in the palm of your hand on it!
A herd is grazing in the forest -
It's a pity that the animal is small;
A song is being sung somewhere -
It's a pity - it's incredibly bitter!
Murmur: “Give me your hand.”
Hurry to the poor peasants!”
Thousand-year torment
Sasha, can you hear in her?..
“We need to be healthy
Sheep and their horses,
There must be cows
Thicker than Moscow bills of sale, -
There will be joy in the song,
Instead of despondency and torment.
Whether it is necessary?" - “Grandfather, we must!”
- “That's it! remember, grandson!..”

VIII
Winter lush shoots,
I'm glad for every flower,
Grandfather praises nature
Petting the peasant boys.
Grandfather's first job
Talk to a guy
The conversation drags on for a long time,
Grandfather will say later:
“Soon it won’t be difficult for you,
You will be a free people!”
And he will smile so wonderfully,
Everything will blossom with joy.
Sharing his joy,
Everyone's heart skipped a beat.
What a holy smile!
What a captivating laugh!

IX
“Soon they will be given freedom,”
The old man remarked to his grandson: -
That's all the people need.
I saw a miracle, Sasha:
A handful of Russians were exiled
Into the terrible wilderness, for the split,
They were given freedom and land;
A year has passed unnoticed -
The commissars are going there,
Lo and behold, the village is standing there,
Rigs, sheds, barns!
The hammer is knocking in the forge,
The mill will be built soon.
The men have already stocked up
A beast from the dark forest,
Fish from a free river.
We visited again a year later,
A new miracle has been found:
Residents collected bread
From a formerly barren land.
There are only guys at home
Yes, hefty dogs;
Geese scream, piglets
They poke their noses into the trough...”

X
So gradually over half a century
A huge planting has grown -
Will and labor of man
Wonderful divas create!
Everything started to get better!
How many pigs are there, Sasha,
In front of the village there is white
Half a mile from the geese;
How are the fields cultivated there?
How abundant are the herds there!
Tall, beautiful
Residents are always cheerful,
Apparently - a penny is being spent!
A man is grooming a woman there:
On holiday she wears a warmer -
The collar is made of sable!

XI
“Children up to age are in bliss,
Horse - at least now to the factory -
In a forged, durable cart
He will take away a hundred pounds...
The horses there are well-fed, well-fed,
Everyone lives well there,
The huts there are covered with planks,
Well, so are the people!
Growing up in harsh morals,
They themselves carry out judgment,
Recruits are placed in healthy
Live soberly and honestly
Taxes are paid before the due date,
Just don’t bother them.”
- “Where is that village?” - "Far,
Her name: Tarbagatai,
A terrible wilderness, beyond Baikal...
That's it, my darling,
You are still young,
You will remember how big you will be..."

XII
“Well... in the meantime, think about it,
Do you see around:
Here he is, our gloomy plowman,
With a dark, murdered face:
Bast shoes, rags, cap,
Torn harness; barely
The nag is pulling the roe deer,
I'm barely alive from hunger!
The eternal worker is hungry,
I'm hungry too, I promise!
Hey! take a rest, my dear!
I’ll work for you!”
The peasant looked with fear,
The plow gave way to the master,
Grandfather has been at the plow for a long time,
Wiping off the sweat, he walked;
Sasha hurried after him,
Didn't have time to catch up:
"Grandfather! where did you learn
Are you that good at plowing?
Exactly man, you're in control
A plow, but he was a general!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
How I became a worker!”

XIII
Spectacle of national disasters
Unbearable my friend
Happiness of noble minds
See contentment around.
Nowadays it’s easier for people:
Verse, lurking in the shadows
Master, having heard freedom...
Well, just like these days!

* * *
Like a whirlpool, an estate
Every man went around.
I remember a terrible wedding
The priest has already changed the rings,
Yes, pray for trouble
The landowner entered the church:
“Who allowed them to get married?
Stop!” - and approached the priest...
The wedding has stopped!
It's a bad joke with the master -
The impudent man gave the order
Consign the groom to the recruits,
In girlhood - poor Pear!
And no one contradicted!..
Who is he who has a soul?
Could he bear it?.. who?

XIV
However, that was not the case!
And not only gentlemen,
Juice from the people pressed
A horde of vile clerks.
No matter how the official is a money-grubber,
For the purpose of mining on a hike
He came out... and who is the enemy?
Army, treasury and people!
Everyone got it right.
Strike, bail all around:
The brave ones obviously robbed
The cowards were carried in secret.
impenetrable night
Darkness hung over the country...
Saw - having eyes
And I was rooting for my homeland.
The moans of the slaves are drowned out
Flattery and whistling whips,
A greedy flock of predators
Death was in store for her...

XV
The sun doesn't shine forever
Happiness does not last forever:
Every country comes
It's early or late,
Where there is no dull obedience -
Friendly strength is needed;
A fatal disaster will strike -
The country will tell in an instant.
Unanimity and reason
There will be celebrations everywhere,
May they not come at once,
Suddenly you won’t create anything, -
An eloquent appeal
You won't warm up the slaves,
You won’t illuminate with understanding
Dark and rude minds.
Late! Oppressed people
Deaf in the face of common misfortune.
Woe to the devastated country!
Woe to the backward country!..
One army is not protection.
Yes, and the army, child,
It was packed at that time
The strap was pulled groaning...

XVI
By the way, grandfather is a soldier
Met me, treated me to wine,
Kissed me like a brother
He spoke to him kindly:
“Today service is not a burden for you -
The bosses are meek now...
Well, just like in our time!
Whatever the boss is, he’s a beast!
Hammer your soul into your heels
That was the rule then.
No matter how hard you work, there are shortcomings
The boss will always find:
“There is effort in marching,
The stand is completely fine
Only breathing is noticeable...”
Do you hear?.. Why are they breathing!”

XVII
“And I’m not happy with the parade,
Swearing will flow like a river,
Teeth will rain down like hail,
Flogs, drives through the gauntlet!
Foaming at the mouth
The entire frightened regiment
Will look for bigger victims
Frenzied Wolf:
“Frantiki!” vile souls!
I’ll rot under guard!“
Listened - having ears,
I was thinking my thoughts.
The abuse is worse than the guard,
Bullets and buckshot are worse...
Who, in whom honor did not fall asleep,
Who would reconcile with her?..”
- "Grandfather! do you remember
Is something scary?.. tell me!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
Always value honor...
Adults are not children
A coward is one who does not take revenge a hundredfold!
Remember that there is no
Irresistible grievances."

XVIII
Grandfather fell silent and sadly
He hung his head on his chest.
“You never know, my friend, what happened!..
Let’s go and rest.”
Grandfather's vacation is short -
He could not live without difficulty:
I dug the ridges until lunchtime,
Intertwined sometimes;
In the evening with an awl and a needle
He was briskly grinding something,
A sad and long song
Grandfather reduced labor.
The grandson will not utter a sound,
Will not leave the table:
A new riddle for my grandson
Grandfather's song was...

XIX
He sang about the glorious campaign
And about the great struggle;
Sang about a free people
And about the slave people;
Sang about deserted deserts
And about iron chains;
Sang about wonderful beauties
With angelic caress in the eyes;
He sang about their withering
In the wild, distant wilderness
And about the wonderful influence
Loving female soul...
About Trubetskoy and Volkonskaya
Grandfather sang and sighed,
Sang - and Babylonian melancholy
He announced his cell...
“Grandfather, further!.. And where are you
Do you recognize your song?
You repeat the verses to me -
I'll sing them to my mother.
You remember those names
Sometimes at night you..."
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know -
I'll tell you everything myself:
Where did I learn to sing?
With whom and when did I sing..."
- "Well! I will learn to be patient!” -
Sasha said sadly...

XX
We rode often in the summer
Our friends in the shuttle
With loud, cheerful greetings
Grandfather approached the river:
“Hello, beautiful Volga!
I have loved you since childhood."
- “Where have you been for so long?” -
Sasha asked timidly.
“I was far, far away...”
- “Where is it?..” The grandfather thought.
The boy sighs deeply
Eternally anticipating the answer.
“Well, was it good there?”
The grandfather looks at the child:
“You better not ask, honey!
(Grandfather’s voice trembles.)
Deaf, deserted, deserted,
The steppe is completely half dead.
It’s hard, my dear, it’s hard!
You wait for news for a year,
Do you see how energy is wasted -
God's best gifts
You dig the graves of your loved ones,
You are waiting for yours for the time being...
Slowly, slowly you are melting..."
- “Why did you live there, grandfather?..”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out!”
Sasha shed a tear...

XXI
"God! It'll get boring listening!
“You will grow up!” - the mother says,
Daddy loves, but torments:
“You’ll grow up,” he also repeats!
Same with grandfather... That's it!
I've already grown up - look!..
(He stood on the bench of the canoe.)
Better speak now!..”
Grandfather kisses and strokes:
“Or are you all at the same time?..”
Grandfather can't handle his heart
It beats like a dove.
“Grandfather, do you hear? I want
You will definitely find out everything!”
Grandfather kissing his grandson
Whispers: “You won’t understand.
We must study, my dear!
I'll tell you everything, just wait!
Gather your strength,
Look around you more closely.
You're a smart guy, Sasha, but still
You need to know the history
And geography too."
- “How long, grandfather, should we wait?”
- “A year or two, whatever happens.”
Sasha runs to his mother:
"Mother! I want to study! -
Screams loudly from afar.

XXII
Time passes. OK
The boy learns everything -
Knows history well
(He is already ten years old)
Boyko will show you on the map
And Petersburg and Chita,
He'll tell you better than a big one
Much in Russian life.
He hates stupid and evil people,
Wishes good for the poor
Remembers what he hears, what he sees...
Grandfather notes: it's time!
He himself often gets sick,
He began to need a crutch...
Soon, soon he will find out
Sasha sad story... 1

1 Published according to Article 1873, vol. III, part 5, p. 171–195, with correction of a typo in Art. 317 according to the draft autograph and the first publication, I restored Art. 346–349 according to the draft autograph.
First published: OZ, 1870, No. 9 (published on September 15, 1870), p. 241–254, no date, signed: “N. Nekrasov" (reprinted: St. 1873, part 5, pp. 165–189, where the table of contents says: “Grandfather, poem (1857)”).
Included in the collected works for the first time: St. 1873, vol. III, part 5, with the date: “1870”.
Rough autograph, in pencil, with the date: “July 30/Aug 8” - GBL, f. 195, op. I, No. 5748, l. 1–8. Discovered and first described by K.I. Chukovsky (Izvestia, 1926, November 8, No. 276). Judging by this autograph, the work originally consisted of two parts. The first part, designated I, included chapters I–VIII (with numbering Arabic numerals) and chapter IX (without number), the continuation of which was the outline for chapter X. The sequence of chapters corresponded to the final one. The second part, designated by the number “2”, included chapters X–XIII (the first two are not numbered, the last two are numbered “3”, “4”) and XVI–XXII with the numbering “5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10", and chapters XIX and XX were combined under the number "8". Chapters XIV–XV were not in the draft autograph; otherwise, the sequence of chapters in this part corresponded to the final one. The repeated numbering of the chapters of the two parts and the incorrect later (archival) numbering of the autograph sheets caused an erroneous interpretation of the original composition of the poem by a number of researchers - A. Ya. Maksimovich, L. A. Rozanova, K. F. Bikbulatova (see about this in the commentary of S. A. Reiser to the poem “Grandfather” - PSSt 1967, vol. II, pp. 652–653). The sequence of filling out the autograph sheets was established by S. A. Reiser in instruction 2 of the work. Nekrasov filled out the sheets in this way (the archival numbering of the sheets is indicated): 1, 1 volume, 2, 2 volume, 7, 5, 5 volume, 6, 6 volume, 3, 3 volume, 4, 7 volume, 8 rev; l. 4 rev. remained clean, on l. 8 there are outlines for chapters IV, V, VIII (see: Other editions and variants, pp. 338–344).
According to K.F. Bikbulatova, K.I. Chukovsky told her that in the late 1920s. In addition to the indicated draft autograph, he saw two more later versions of the poem, one of which was, in his opinion, Nekrasov’s autograph. It was written in ink and did not contain the passage “Adults are not children...” (see: Questions of studying Russian literature of the 11th–20th centuries. M.-L., 1958, p. 324). The whereabouts of this autograph are currently unknown.
The proof of “Domestic Notes” with censor’s notes and explanations by V. M. Lazarevsky is known - TsGALI, f. 338, op. 2, no. 3.
Dates from the period between August 8 and September 15 (the date of publication of No. 9 of “Notes of the Fatherland”), 1870.
Devoted to poem Z-n-h-e, i.e. Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova (F.A. Viktorova), Nekrasov’s common-law wife (for details about her, see: Loman O.V. Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova is the poet’s wife and friend. - Nekr. collection, VI, p. 60–84). In the posthumous edition (St 1879, vol. II), the poet’s sister A. A. Butkevich, against the will of the author, removed the dedication (LN, vol. 53–54, pp. 177, 179).
“Grandfather” is one of the first large works in Russian literature about the Decembrists, opening the cycle of Decembrist poems by Nekrasov.
Nekrasov's interest in Decembrism was first reflected in the poem “The Poet and the Citizen” (1856) and in the poem “The Unhappy” (begun in 1856). The Decembrist theme in “Grandfather” is directly related to the problems facing the democratic movement at the turn of the 1870s. (the results of the reform of 1861, the ways and means of the revolutionary struggle, the role of the people in pstoria, the type of revolutionary leader), with the emergence of populism. The idea of continuity of the revolutionary struggle is the leading one in “Grandfather”. Nekrasov, to some extent, tried to resolve the questions posed in the poem in “The Parable” (June 1870). The hero of “Grandfather” is a Decembrist who returned among the few survivors from Siberian exile in 1856. His prototype, as is commonly believed, was Prince S. G. Volkonsky (1788–1865). According to Yu. V. Lebedev, the “direct creative impulse” for the creation of the poem was the book by S. V. Maksimov “Exile and Prison” (St. Petersburg, 1862), where the life of the Decembrists in Siberia was first described (see: Lebedev Yu. V. . S. V. Maksimov and N. A. Nekrasov - RL, 1982, No. 2, p. In working on the poem, Nekrasov used the memoirs of the Decembrists and their contemporaries, in particular “Notes of the Decembrist” by Baron A. E. Rosen, Leipzig, 1870 (in the chapters about Tarbagatai), obituaries of S. G. Volkonsky in the newspaper “Day” dated December 11, 1865 and in the “Bell” dated January 3 (15), 1866, l. 212 (author P. Dolgorukov, introductory note by A. I. Herzen), oral stories of the son of the Decembrist M. S. Volkonsky, as well as the book of S. V. Maksimov, familiar to him even before its publication, “Siberia and hard labor,” vol. I, St. Petersburg, 1871 (see: RL, 1982, No. 2, p. 137). As the latest research shows, the image of the “grandfather” is collective in nature, it combines the individual traits of different figures of the Decembrist movement. “Having assigned to ‘grandfather’ a number of Volkonsky’s traits - the appearance of a ‘patriarch’, the rank of general, gentleness and gentleness of character, love of communicating with men and children who called him grandfather,” writes R. B. Zaborova, “Nekrasov gave his hero a masterful knowledge of crafts and arable farming, the gift of singing, and most importantly, the passion and fervor of denunciations and revolutionary intransigence that distinguished Mikhail Bestuzhev” (RL, 1973, No. 4, p. 129). The belated arrival in St. Petersburg in the summer of 1869 of M. A. Bestuzhev, who retained his revolutionary temperament, Nekrasov’s acquaintance (through M. I. Semevsky) with the contents of his “Notes” stimulated, according to the reasonable assumption of R. B. Zaborova, the implementation of the plan of the poem “ Grandfather” (ibid., p. 130).
In Nekrasov’s work on the image of the old Decembrist, there is a tendency to elevate him, to give the “grandfather” the features of a biblical hero-martyr, who is at the same time close to the ideals of the emerging populism (for more details, see: Bikbulatova K. F. Poem by N. A. Nekrasov “Grandfather "(1870). - In the book: Historical and literary collection. M.-L., 1957, pp. Forced to exclude the most acute articles from the final version. 346–349, the author at the same time strengthened the political sound of the poem with chapters XIV–XV. Sending “Princess Trubetskaya” to V. M. Lazarevsky on April 9-10, 1872 and anticipating censorship obstacles, Nekrasov compared it with “Grandfather”: “... this grandfather is essentially sharper, for he is one of the real figures and, moreover, was brought out unrepentant, i.e. . i.e. the same as it was.”
The poem passed the censorship not without difficulties. As Nekrasov recalled in the same letter, the chairman of the St. Petersburg Censorship Committee A.G. Petrov “prejudiced” the censorship department against the poem. In the TsGALI proofreading, Art. is crossed out in red pencil. 246–265, 282–285, 302–309, 317–325 and the entire Chapter XVIII (Articles 326–345). Here is a note from V. M. Lazarevsky: “The places marked in red, the censorship department (Pohvisnev) demanded to be excluded, Nekrasov refused.” The author managed to defend the poem; it was published without cuts.
The poem was met with hostility by reactionary criticism. V.P. Burenin reproached the author for the fact that his hero “does not hesitate to tell a baby about how in the old years the landowners used their serfs,” “talks about the moaning of slaves, the whistling of whips, etc.” (SPbV, 1870, September 8, No. 277). V. G. Avseenko made even more harsh attacks. The critic was indignant that the poet decided to “exploit the old historical fact”, thereby redeeming the “poverty of poetic creativity” and “prosaicism” (RV, 1873, No. 6, pp. 916–917).
In Soviet non-beauty studies, the poem “Grandfather” gave rise to a lot of controversy. The author's sympathy for the wealthy man, admiration for the physical and spiritual beauty of the Tarbagatai people in the 1920s. was regarded as an idealization of the kulaks, “a cross between Tolstoy’s utopia and Stolypin’s practice” (see: Gorbachev G. E. Capitalism and Russian Literature. M.-L., 1928, p. 67; Voitolovsky L. Essays on Russian History literature of the 19th century and XX centuries. M.-L., 1928, p. 208–209; Chukovsky K.I. Stories about Nekrasov. M., 1930, p. 178–179). However, the well-being of the Tarbagatai people was created by the “will and labor” of these people, whereas in Rosen’s book the basis of this well-being is money and the exploitation of escaped convicts. The inconsistency of Nekrasov's accusation of apology for the kulaks was proven by A. M. Egolin (Literary critic, 1934, No. 3, pp. 40–41). Opinions also differed in their assessment of the hero of the poem. Following A.V. Amfitheatrov (Literary album. Pgr., 1906), who accused Nekras of distorting the image of the old Decembrist with biblical characteristics, A.E. Efremin wrote about the author’s forced emphasis on the idea of reconciliation (Efremin A. Poet and the masses. M., 1932, p. 60). Accepting this thesis, N.M. Gaidenkov proposed excluding the passage “Today I have come to terms with everything...” as an autocensored version (Sov. Book, 1953, No. 3, p. 101). S. A. Chervyakovsky, and after him other researchers, showed the groundlessness of these statements. “Grandfather” “reconciled” not with his enemies, but with the hardships he suffered (see: Academic Zap. of the Gorky State Pod. Institute, 1955, vol. XVI, p. 36).
The problem of the canonical text of “Grandfather” remains complex to this day. In Collection op. 1965–1967 Art. 163 was printed for the first time from a draft autograph (“Land and freedom were given to them”), the printed version (“Freedom and land was given to them”) was considered here as censorship, adopted by the author in order to “muffle the slogan of “Land and Freedom”” (vol. III, p. 12, 408). The same point of view was expressed by A. M. Garkavi (see: Garkavi A. M. N. A. Nekrasov in the fight against tsarist censorship. Kaliningrad, 1966, p. 266). However, the option “Land and freedom was given to them” was crossed out by the author in the damn autograph, while the phrase “Land and freedom” itself was crossed out in the late 1860s. was not persecuted by censorship (see, for example, P. L’s book “Land and Freedom” (St. Petersburg, 1868) and a review of it in No. 9 of “Notes of the Fatherland” for 1868, (pp. 78–82)). Art. caused a lot of controversy. 346–349 (“Adults are not children...”). Recognizing the exceptional significance of these verses, removed by the author from the final text by way of autocensorship, K. I. Chukovsky for a long time did not dare to include them in the main text (see: Chukovsky Korney. From amateurism to science. Notes of a textual critic. - Nov. Mir, 1954, No. 2, pp. 243, 250–251). In the PSS, these verses were introduced as a noted omission in the section “Additions and Amendments” (vol. XII, p. 521), in the publication closest to the PSS (Nekrasov N.A. Works in 3 volumes, vol. II . M., 1954, p. 57) they were finally included in the main text, but in the edition of the “Poet's Library” (small series - Nekrasov N.A. Poems, vol. II. L., 1956) they were again excluded.
Art. 465, the last (“Sasha’s sad story…”), in the blackened autograph and “Domestic Notes” had the option: “Sasha’s great story...”. In two copies of Article 1873, part 5, which belonged to P. A. Efremov and stored in the IRLI library (codes: 48.5.3 and 18.1.2), this original version was restored by the owner’s hand. N. M. Gaidenkov (Sov. Book, 1953, No. 3, p. 101) expressed doubts about the fairness of adopting the version of St. 1873, and K. F. Bikbulatova proposed returning to the original version of this verse as more successful (see: Study Questions Russian literature of the 11th–20th centuries, p. 331). The author changed the last verse of “Grandfather” for reasons of artistic order, therefore the version adopted in Art. 1873 is printed in this edition.
On April 15, 1929, an old notebook containing a list of an expanded version of “Grandfather” called “Lamps” fell into the hands of D. Bedny (additions scattered in different places amount to 214 verses). The author's name is indicated below the text: “N. N-v". The news of the “joyful discovery” was published in Pravda on April 17, and on April 18 and 19 the text of “Svetochi”, attributed to Nekrasov, was published there. In the same year, the work was published separately (Nekrasov N.A. Svetochi. Poem with the addition of unknown stanzas. M.-L., 1929) with a foreword by D. Bedny and an afterword by A. Efremin. A. Efremin argued that Nekrasov wrote “Svetochi” in 1869, and demonstrated the similarity of the social views of the author of “Svetochi” with the ideology of S. G. Nechaev.
The notebook, which contains, in addition to “Lights”, known and unknown poems by Nekrasov’s contemporaries, various folklore, everyday, diary poems, belonged, according to Efremin, to Ivanovo-Voznesensk Fyodor Samygin (this name is on the front side of the front cover of the notebook). Through P.E. Shchegolev, the notebook was transferred to the Leningrad forensic expert A.A. Salkov for scientific and technical research into the age of the paper and ink texts of the manuscript. After a two-week study of the notebook in October-November 1929, Dr. D. Salkov presented a conclusion that the notebook was made of paper from the 1870s-1880s, the entries were made in logwood ink either in 1924-1927, or, “ as a last resort, after February Revolution" The text of the conclusion was transferred to P.E. Shchegolev, a typewritten copy of it is now in the possession of S.A. Reiser. A thorough textual analysis of the notebook was carried out by S. A. Reiser. The researcher found that Nekrasov could not have been the author of the 214 poems that complement “Grandfather” in “Svetochi”. At the same time, he pointed out that “it is impossible that anyone, even with a premeditated intention, could so subtly and deftly pick up a significant number of small everyday details and facts of the 1870s of the last century, which require complex and painstaking work" (Reiser S.A. Newly discovered lines of Nekrasov. - Literature and Marxism, 1929, No. 6, p. 147). According to S. A. Reiser, “Lights” and other poems in the notebook date back to the mid or second half of the 1870s. The author of “Lights,” the researcher indicated, could be a revolutionary poet of the 1870s. - Nekrasov's epigone.
According to K.I. Chukovsky in a letter to S.A. Reiser dated June 28–29, 1960, in the early 1930s. the writer A. Kamensky told him that he and a certain Shvetsov or Shevtsov (K.I. Chukovsky did not remember exactly) wrote “Svetochi” within two days and sold it to a second-hand bookstore, where D. Bedny often visited (contents of A.A.’s conclusion Salkova and the text of K.I. Chukovsky’s letter were published by S.A. Reiser in PSst 1967, vol. II, pp. 654–655, and in his book “Paleography and textology of modern times,” M., 1970, p. –245). Kamensky at the beginning of 1930, denying his involvement in the appearance of “Lights”, accused the writer and artist E. I. Vashkov and his father of forgery. At the same time, A. E. Efremin defended the ownership of “Lights” by Nekrasov (Izvestia of the Central Executive Committee, 1930, January 13, No. 13; Litera and Marxism, 1930, No. 2). “Lights” were included by K.I. Chukovsky in PSSt 1931.
“The mystery of the Lights,” D. Bedny wrote to the famous Ivanovo local historian I.I. Vlasov in 1934, “is extremely curious even with the most skeptical attitude towards the fact that Nekrasov wrote them. The mere fact that Svetochi is geographically connected with Nekrasov says something. A strange “fake next door” (quoted from: Rozanova L.A.N.A. Nekrasov and Russian working poetry. Yaroslavl, 1973, p. 27). In May 1937, D. Bedny handed over a notebook with “Lights” to I. I. Vlasov. Currently, the notebook is stored in TsGALI, f. 1884, on. 1, No. 72. The question of the origin of the “Lights” remains controversial to this day. S. A. Racer in latest works considers “Svetochi” as a fake, fabricated no earlier than 1917, L. A. Rozanova - as an imitative work that arose among the Ivanovo-Voznesensk admirers of Nekrasov (see the above work, as well as: RL, 1981, No. 1, p. 251).
We suddenly met an old man... - The last word has the archaic meaning of “all together.”
A handful of Russians were exiled to the terrible wilderness, for the split. - In 1733, Anna Ioannovna, and then in 1767, Catherine II exiled dissenters from Dorogobuzh and Gomel to the Siberian river Tarbagatai with permission to choose a place in the forest along the Tarbagatai stream and settle in a village (see: Rosen A. E. Notes of the Decembrist, p. 248). Now Tarbagatai is a village in the Ulan-Udinsky district of the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. For a list of textual matches in the “Tarbagatai” chapters of “Grandfather” with the corresponding places in Rosen and S.V. Maksimov, see: PSSt 1967, vol. II, p. 655; RL, 1982, No. 2, p. 137.
They were given freedom and land... - An allusion to the slogan of the secret revolutionary society of the first half of the 1860s. “Land and Freedom”, to which Chernyshevsky, Herzen and Ogarev stood close. Perhaps there is a hidden polemic here with the author of the book “Land and Freedom” (see above, p. 566), who argued that, having received land and freedom after the reform, but having lost the lord’s guardianship, the peasants found themselves in an even more difficult situation than before reforms.
He sang about the glorious campaign And about the great struggle... - That is, about Patriotic War 1812, in which S.G. Volkonsky participated, and about the Decembrist uprising.
About Trubetskoy and Volkonskaya... - E. I. Trubetskaya (nee Laval, 1801–1854) and M. N. Volkonskaya (nee Raevskaya, 1805–1863) followed their exiled husbands to Siberia. Nekrasov dedicated the poem “Russian Women” to them.

the poem GRANDFATHER has no audio recordings yet...

(Dedicated to Z-n-h-e)

IV
Everything, having been waiting for a long time,
Suddenly we met an old man...
He blessed, weeping,
Home, and family, and servants,
I shook off the dust at the threshold,
Solemnly removed from his neck
Image of a crucified god
And, having been baptized, he said:
“Today I have come to terms with everything,
What have I suffered forever!..”
The son bowed before his father,
He washed the old man's feet;
White curls scratched
Grandfather Sasha's mother,
I stroked them, kissed them,
She called Sasha for a kiss.
Right hand to mom
Grandfather grabbed, and the other
Stroking rosy Sasha:
“What a handsome guy!”
Grandfather with a gaze
Sasha looked, - suddenly
The boy's tears are streaming
They rushed to grandpa's grandson
He rushed: “Grandfather! where are you
Lived and disappeared for so many years?
Where are your epaulets?
Why aren't you wearing a uniform?
What are you hiding on your leg?
Is your arm wounded or what?...”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
Well, kiss the old man!..”

VI
They will come ashore sloping
To the great Russian river -
The thieving sandpiper whistles,
Thousands of paws on the sand;
The barge is led by a towline,
Chu, barge haulers' voices!
The smooth surface beyond the river -
Cornfields, meadows, forests.
It blows with a slight coolness
From the slow, slumbering waters...
Grandfather kisses the ground
She cries and sings quietly...
"Grandfather! what are you dropping
Large tears, like hail?..”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out!
Don't be sad - I'm glad..."

XII
“Well... in the meantime, think about it,
Do you see all around:
Here he is, our gloomy plowman,
With a dark, murdered face:
Bast shoes, rags, cap,
Torn harness; barely
The nag is pulling the roe deer,
I'm barely alive from hunger!
The eternal worker is hungry,
I'm hungry too, I promise!
Hey! take a rest, my dear!
I’ll work for you!”
The peasant looked with fear,
The plow gave way to the master,
Grandfather has been at the plow for a long time,
Wiping off the sweat, he walked;
Sasha hurried after him,
Didn't have time to catch up:
"Grandfather! where did you learn
Are you that good at plowing?
Exactly man, you're in control
A plow, but he was a general!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
How I became a worker!”

XVII
“And I’m not happy with the parade,
Swearing will flow like a river,
Teeth will rain down like hail,
Flogs, drives through the gauntlet!
With foam at the mouth he will search
The entire frightened regiment
Will look for bigger victims
Frenzied Wolf:
“Frantiki!” vile souls!
I’ll rot under guard!“
Listened - having ears,
I was thinking my thoughts.
The abuse is worse than the guard,
Bullets and buckshot are worse...
Who, in whom honor did not fall asleep,
Who would reconcile with her?..”
- "Grandfather! do you remember
Is something scary?.. tell me!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
Always value honor...
Adults are not children
A coward is one who does not take revenge a hundredfold!
Remember that there is no
Irresistible grievances."

XXI
"God! It'll get boring listening!
“You will grow up!” - the mother says,
Daddy loves, but torments:
“You’ll grow up,” he also repeats!
Same with grandfather... That's it!
I've already grown up - look!..
(He stood on the bench of the canoe.)
Better speak now!..”
Grandfather kisses and strokes:
“Or are you all at the same time?..”
Grandfather can't handle his heart
It beats like a dove.
“Grandfather, do you hear? I want
You will definitely find out everything!”
Grandfather kissing his grandson
Whispers: “You won’t understand.
We must study, my dear!
I'll tell you everything, just wait!
Gather your strength,
Look around you more closely.
You're a smart guy, Sasha, but still
Need to know history
And geography too."
- “How long, grandfather, should we wait?”
- “A year or two, whatever happens.”
Sasha runs to his mother:
"Mother! I want to study! -
Screams loudly from a distance.

XXII
Time passes. OK
The boy learns everything -
Knows history well
(He is already ten years old)
Boyko will show you on the map
And Petersburg and Chita,
He'll tell you better than a big one
Much in Russian life.
Hates stupid and evil people
Wishes good for the poor
Remembers what he hears, what he sees...
Grandfather notes: it's time!
He himself often gets sick,
He began to need a crutch...
Soon, soon he will find out
Sasha sad story...

Once at my father's office,
Sasha saw the portrait
Shown in portrait
There was a young general.
"Who is this? – asked Sasha. -
Who?..” - This is your grandfather. -
And dad turned away
He hung his head low.
“Why don’t I see him?”
Dad didn't say a word in response.
Grandson, standing in front of his grandfather,
He looks keenly at the portrait:
“Dad, why are you sighing?
Is he dead... alive? speak!”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out. -
“That’s it... you say, look!..

II

“Do you know grandpa, mom?” -
The son speaks to his mother.
“I know,” and Sasha held his hand
He drags his mother to the portrait,
Mom goes against her will.
“Tell me about him,
Mother! Is he unkind or something?
Why can't I see him?
Well, dear! well, do it
Mercy, say something!”
- No, he is both kind and brave,
Only unfortunate. - On the chest
Mother hid her head
Sighs heavily, trembles -
And she burst into tears... And Sasha
He looks keenly at his grandfather:
“Why are you crying, mom?
You don’t want to say a word!”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
It’s better let’s go for a walk... -

III

There is great anxiety in the house.
Happy, bright-faced,
Cleaning the house again
Mom and dad are whispering.
How fun their conversation is!
The son notices and remains silent.
- You will see your grandfather soon! -
Sasha's father says...
He's only raving about his grandfather
Sasha, can’t sleep:
“Why hasn’t he been going for so long?..”
- My friend! He has a long way to go! -
Sasha sighs sadly,
He thinks: “What an answer!”
It's finally coming
This mysterious grandfather.

IV

Everything, having been waiting for a long time,
Suddenly we met an old man...
He blessed, weeping,
Home, and family, and servants,
I shook off the dust at the threshold,
Solemnly removed from his neck
Image of the crucified God
And, having been baptized, he said:
- Today I have come to terms with everything,
What have I suffered forever!.. -
The son bowed before his father,
He washed the old man's feet;
White curls scratched
Grandfather Sasha's mother,
I stroked them, kissed them,
She called Sasha to kiss.
Right hand to mom
Grandfather grabbed, and the other
Stroking rosy Sasha:
- What a handsome guy! -
Grandfather with a gaze
Sasha looked, - suddenly
The boy's tears are like hail
They rushed to grandpa's grandson
He rushed: “Grandfather! where are you
Lived and disappeared for so many years?
Where are your epaulets?
Why aren't you wearing a uniform?
What are you hiding on your leg?
Was your hand wounded or what?...”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
Well, kiss the old man!.. -

V

Cheerful, revived,
The whole house breathes joy.
Sasha became friends with his grandfather,
The two of them always walk together.
They walk through meadows, forests,
Cornflowers are tearing among the fields;
Grandfather is ancient for years,
But still cheerful and handsome,
Grandfather's teeth are intact
Walk, posture is firm,
The curls are fluffy and white,
Like a silver beard;
Slender, tall,
But how a baby looks
Somehow apostolically, simply,
Exactly always says...

VI

They will come ashore sloping
To the great Russian river -
The thieving sandpiper whistles,
Thousands of paws on the sand;
The barge is led by a towline,
Chu, barge haulers' voices!
The smooth surface beyond the river -
Cornfields, meadows, forests.
It blows with a slight coolness
From the slow, slumbering waters...
Grandfather kisses the ground
She cries and sings quietly...
"Grandfather! what are you dropping
Large tears, like hail?..”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out!
Don't be sad - I'm glad...

VII

I'm glad I see the picture
Sweet to my eyes since childhood.
Look at this plain -
And love her yourself!
Two or three noble estates,
Twenty churches of the Lord
One hundred peasant villages
Like in the palm of your hand on it!
A herd is grazing in the forest -
It's a pity that the animal is small;
A song is being sung somewhere -
It's a pity - it's incredibly bitter!
Murmur: “Give me your hand.”
Hurry to the poor peasants!”
Thousand-year torment
Sasha, can you hear in her?..
We need to be healthy
Sheep and their horses,
There must be cows
Thicker than Moscow bills of sale, -
There will be joy in the song
Instead of despondency and torment.
Whether it is necessary? - “Grandfather, we must!”
- That's it! remember, grandson!..

VIII

Winter lush shoots,
I'm glad for every flower,
Grandfather praises nature
Petting the peasant boys.
Grandfather's first job
Talk to a guy
The conversation drags on for a long time,
Grandfather will say later:
“Soon it won’t be difficult for you,
You will be a free people!”
And he will smile so wonderfully,
Everything will blossom with joy.
Sharing his joy,
Everyone's heart skipped a beat.
What a holy smile!
What a captivating laugh!

IX

“They will soon be given freedom,”
The old man noticed his grandson. -
That's all the people need.
I saw a miracle, Sasha:
A handful of Russians were exiled
Into the terrible wilderness, for the split.
They were given freedom and land;
A year has passed unnoticed -
The commissars are going there,
Lo and behold, the village is standing there,
Rigs, sheds, barns!
The hammer is knocking in the forge,
The mill will be built soon.
The men have already stocked up
A beast from the dark forest,
Fish from a free river.
We visited again a year later,
A new miracle has been found:
Residents collected bread
From a formerly barren land.
There are only guys at home
Yes, hefty dogs
Geese scream, piglets
They poke their noses into the trough...

X

So gradually over half a century
A huge planting has grown -
Will and labor of man
Wonderful divas create!
Everything started to get better!
How many pigs are there, Sasha,
In front of the village there is white
Half a mile from the geese;
How are the fields cultivated there?
How abundant are the herds there!
Tall, beautiful
Residents are always cheerful,
Apparently, a penny is being spent!
A man is grooming a woman there:
On holiday she wears a warmer -
The collar is made of sable!

XI

Children up to age are in bliss,
The horse is at least at the factory now,
In a forged, durable cart
He will take away a hundred pounds...
The horses there are well-fed, well-fed,
Everyone lives well there,
The huts there are covered with planks,
Well, so are the people!
Growing up in harsh morals,
They themselves carry out judgment,
Recruits are placed in healthy
Live soberly and honestly
Taxes are paid before the due date,

Just don't bother them. -
“Where is that village?” - Far,
Her name is “Tarbagatai”,
A terrible wilderness, beyond Baikal...
That's it, my darling,
You are still young,
Remember how big you will be...

XII

Well... in the meantime, think about it,
Do you see around:
Here he is, our gloomy plowman,
With a dark, murdered face, -
Bast shoes, rags, cap,
Torn harness; barely
The nag is pulling the roe deer,
I'm barely alive from hunger!
The eternal worker is hungry,
I'm hungry too, I promise!
Hey! rest, my dear!
I'll work for you! -
The peasant looked with fear,
The plow gave way to the master,
Grandfather has been at the plow for a long time,
Wiping off the sweat, he walked;
Sasha hurried after him,
Didn't have time to catch up:
"Grandfather! where did you learn
Are you that good at plowing?
Exactly man, you're in control
A plow, but he was a general!”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
How I became an employee!

XIII

Spectacle of national disasters
Unbearable, my friend;
Happiness of noble minds -
See contentment around.
Nowadays it’s easier for people:
Verse, lurking in the shadows
Master, having heard freedom...
Well, just like these days!
………………….
Like a whirlpool, an estate
Every man went around.
I remember a terrible wedding, -
The priest has already changed the rings,
Yes, pray for trouble
The landowner entered the church:
“Who allowed them to get married?
Stop!” - and approached the priest...
The wedding has stopped!
It's a bad joke with the master -
The impudent man gave the order
Consign the groom to the recruits,
As a girl - poor Pear!
And no one contradicted!..
Who is he who has a soul?
Could he bear it?.. who?..

XIV

However, that was not the case!
And not only gentlemen,
Juice from the people pressed
A horde of vile clerks,
No matter how the official is a money-grubber,
For the purpose of mining on a hike
He came out... and who is the enemy?
Army, treasury and people!
Everyone got it right.
Strike, bail all around:
The brave ones obviously robbed
The cowards were carried in secret.
impenetrable night
Darkness hung over the country...
Saw - having eyes
And I was rooting for my homeland.
The moans of the slaves are drowned out
Flattery and whistling whips,
A greedy flock of predators
Death was in store for her...

XV

The sun doesn't shine forever
Happiness does not last forever:
Every country comes
Sooner or later it's time
Where there is no dull obedience -
Friendly strength is needed;
A fatal disaster will strike -
The country will tell in an instant.
Unanimity and reason
There will be celebrations everywhere,
May they not come at once,
Suddenly you won’t create anything, -
An eloquent appeal
You won't warm up the slaves,
You won’t illuminate with understanding
Dark and rude minds.
Late! Oppressed people
Deaf in the face of common misfortune.
Woe to the devastated country!
Woe to the backward country!..
One army is not protection.
Yes, and the army, child,
It was packed at that time
The strap was pulled groaning... -

XVI

By the way, grandfather is a soldier
Met me, treated me to wine,
Kissed me like a brother
He spoke to him kindly:
- Today, service is not a burden for you -
The bosses are meek now...
Well, just like in our time!
Whatever the boss is, he’s a beast!
Hammer your soul into your heels
That was the rule then.
No matter how hard you work, there are shortcomings
The boss will always find:
“There is effort in marching,
The stand is completely fine
Only noticeable breathing..."
Do you hear?.. Why are they breathing?

XVII

And I’m dissatisfied with the parade,
Swearing will flow like a river,
Teeth will rain down like hail,
Flogs, drives through the gauntlet!
With foam? his mouth will be searched
The entire frightened regiment
There will be bigger victims
Frenzied Wolf:
“Frantiki! vile souls!
I’ll rot under guard!”
Listened - having ears,
I was thinking my thoughts.
The abuse is worse than the guard,
Bullets and buckshot are worse...
Who, in whom honor did not fall asleep,
Who would reconcile with her?.. -
"Grandfather! do you remember
Is something scary?.. tell me!”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know
Always value honor...
Adults are not children
A coward who does not take revenge a hundredfold.
Remember that there is no
Irresistible grievances!.. -

XVIII

Grandfather fell silent and sadly
He hung his head on his chest.
– You never know, my friend, what happened!..
We'd better go and rest. -
Grandfather's vacation is short -
He could not live without difficulty:
I dug the ridges until lunchtime,
Intertwined sometimes;
In the evening with an awl and a needle
He was briskly grinding something,
A sad and long song
Grandfather reduced labor.
The grandson will not utter a sound,
Will not leave the table:
A new riddle for my grandson
Grandfather's song was...

XIX

He sang about the glorious campaign
And about the great struggle;
Sang about a free people
And about the slave people;
Sang about deserted deserts
And about iron chains;
Sang about wonderful beauties
With angelic caress in the eyes;
He sang about their withering
In the wild, distant wilderness
And about the wonderful influence
Loving female soul...
About Trubetskoy and Volkonskaya
Grandfather sang and sighed,
Sang - and with Babylonian melancholy
He announced his cell...
“Grandfather, further!.. And where are you
Do you recognize your song?
You repeat the verses to me -
I'll sing them to my mother.
You remember those names
Sometimes at night you..."
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out -
I'll tell you everything myself:
Where did I learn to sing?
With whom and when did I sing... -
"Well! I will learn to be patient!” -
Sasha said sadly...

XX

We rode often in the summer
Our friends in the shuttle
With loud, cheerful greetings
Grandfather approached the river:
- Hello, beautiful Volga!
Since childhood I have loved you. -
“Where have you been for so long?” -
Sasha asked timidly.
– I was far, far away... -
“Where is it?..” The grandfather thought.
The boy sighs deeply
Eternally anticipating the answer.
“Well, was it good there?”
The grandfather looks at the child:
- Better not ask, honey!
(Grandfather’s voice trembles)
Deaf, deserted, deserted,
The steppe is completely half dead.
It’s hard, my dear, it’s hard!
You wait for news for a year,
Do you see how energy is wasted -
God's best gifts
You dig the graves of your loved ones,
You are waiting for yours for the time being...
Slowly, slowly you melt... -
“Why did you live there, grandfather?..”
– When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out! -
Sasha shed a tear...

XXI

"God! It'll get boring listening!
“You will grow up!” - the mother says,
Daddy loves, but torments:
“You’ll grow up,” he repeats the same thing!
Same with grandfather... That's it!
I've already grown up - look!..
(Standed on the bench of the boat)
Better speak now!..”
Grandfather kisses and strokes:
“Or are you all at the same time?..”
Grandfather can't handle his heart
It beats like a dove.
“Grandfather, do you hear? I want
You will definitely find out everything!”
Grandfather kissing his grandson
Whispers: “You don’t understand.”
We must study, my dear!
I'll tell you everything, just wait!
Gather your strength.
Look around you more closely.
You're a smart guy, Sasha, but still
You need to know the history
And geography too. -
“How long will we wait, grandfather?”
– A year or two, whatever happens. -
Sasha runs to his mother:
"Mother! I want to study! -
Screams loudly from afar.

XXII

Time passes. OK
The boy learns everything -
Knows history well
(He is already ten years old)
Boyko will show you on the map
And Petersburg and Chita,
He'll tell you better than a big one
Much in Russian life.
He hates stupid and evil people,
Wishes good for the poor
Remembers what he hears and sees...
Grandfather notes: it's time!
He himself often gets sick,
He began to need a crutch...
Soon, soon he will find out
Sasha sad story...

Nikolay Nekrasov

Dedicated to Z-n-h-e

Once at my father's office,

Sasha saw the portrait

Shown in portrait

There was a young general.

“Who is this?” asked Sasha.

Who?.." - This is your grandfather.

And dad turned away

He hung his head low.

“Why don’t I see him?”

Dad didn't say a word in response.

Grandson, standing in front of his grandfather,

He looks keenly at the portrait:

"Dad, why are you sighing?

Is he dead... is he alive? speak!"

As you grow up, Sasha, you'll know.

"That's it... you say, look!.."

“Do you know grandpa, mom?”

The son speaks to his mother.

I know, - and Sasha’s hand

He drags his mother to the portrait,

Mom goes against her will.

"Tell me about him,

Mother! Is he unkind or something?

Why can't I see him?

Well, dear! well, do it

Mercy, say something!"

No, he is both kind and brave,

Only unfortunate. - On the chest

Mother hid her head

Sighs heavily, trembles

And she burst into tears... And Sasha

He looks keenly at his grandfather:

"Why are you crying, mom?

You don’t want to say a word!”

As you grow up, Sasha, you'll know.

Let's go for a walk...

There is great anxiety in the house.

Happy, bright-faced,

Cleaning the house again

Mom and dad are whispering.

How fun their conversation is!

The son notices and remains silent.

You will see your grandfather soon!

Sasha's father says...

He's only raving about his grandfather

Sasha, can’t sleep:

“Why hasn’t he been leaving for so long?..”

My friend! He has a long way to go!

Sasha sighs sadly,

He thinks: “What an answer!”

It's finally coming

This mysterious grandfather.

Everything, having been waiting for a long time,

Suddenly we met an old man...

He blessed, weeping,

Home, and family, and servants,

I shook off the dust at the threshold,

Solemnly removed from his neck

Image of a crucified god

And, having been baptized, he said:

Today I have come to terms with everything,

What I have suffered forever!..

The son bowed before his father,

He washed the old man's feet;

White curls scratched

Grandfather Sasha's mother,

I stroked them, kissed them,

She called Sasha to kiss.

Right hand to mom

Grandfather grabbed, and the other

Stroking rosy Sasha:

What a handsome guy!

Grandfather with a gaze

Sasha looked, - suddenly

The boy's tears are like hail

They rushed to grandpa's grandson

He rushed: “Grandfather! where are you?

Lived and disappeared for so many years?

Where are your epaulets?

Why aren't you wearing a uniform?

What are you hiding on your leg?

Is your arm wounded or what?.."

As you grow up, Sasha, you'll know.

Well, kiss the old man!..

Cheerful, revived,

The whole house breathes joy.

Sasha became friends with his grandfather,

The two of them always walk together.

They walk through meadows, forests,

Cornflowers are tearing among the fields;

Grandfather is ancient for years,

But still cheerful and handsome,

Grandfather's teeth are intact

Walk, posture is firm,

The curls are fluffy and white,

Like a silver beard;

Slender, tall,

But how a baby looks

Somehow apostolically, simply,

Exactly always says...

They will come ashore sloping

To the Russian great river

The thieving sandpiper whistles,

Thousands of paws on the sand;

The smooth surface beyond the river

Cornfields, meadows, forests.

It blows with a slight coolness

From the slow, slumbering waters...

Grandfather kisses the ground

She cries and sings quietly...

"Grandfather! what are you dropping?

Large tears, like hail?..”

When you grow up, Sasha, you will know!

Don't be sad - I'm glad...

I'm glad I see the picture

Sweet to my eyes since childhood.

Look at this plain

And love her yourself!

Two or three noble estates,

Twenty churches of the Lord,

One hundred peasant villages

Like in the palm of your hand on it!

A herd is grazing in the forest

It's a pity that the animal is small;

A song is being sung somewhere

It's a pity - it's incredibly bitter!

Murmur: "Give me your hand

Hurry to the poor peasants!"

Thousand-year torment

Sasha, can you hear in her?..

We need to be healthy

Sheep and their horses,

There must be cows

Thicker than Moscow bills of sale,

There will be joy in the song

Instead of despondency and torment.

Whether it is necessary? - “Grandfather, we must!”

That's it! remember, grandson!..

Winter lush shoots,

I'm glad for every flower,

Grandfather praises nature

Petting the peasant boys.

Grandfather's first job

Talk to a guy

The conversation drags on for a long time,

Grandfather will say later:

"Soon it won't be difficult for you,

You will be a free people!"

And he will smile so wonderfully,

Everything will blossom with joy.

Sharing his joy,

Everyone's heart skipped a beat.

What a holy smile!

What a captivating laugh!

Soon they will be given freedom,

The old man noticed his grandson.

That's all the people need.

I saw a miracle, Sasha:

A handful of Russians were exiled

Into the terrible wilderness, for the split.

They were given freedom and land;

A year has passed unnoticed

The commissars are going there,

Lo and behold, the village is standing there,

Rigs, sheds, barns!

The hammer is knocking in the forge,

The mill will be built soon.

The men have already stocked up

A beast from the dark forest,

Fish from a free river.

We visited again a year later,

A new miracle has been found:

Residents collected bread

From a formerly barren land.

There are only guys at home

Yes, hefty dogs

Geese scream, piglets

They poke their noses into the trough...

So gradually over half a century

A huge planting has grown

Will and labor of man

Wonderful divas create!

Everything started to get better!

How many pigs are there, Sasha,

In front of the village there is white

Half a mile from the geese;

How are the fields cultivated there?

How abundant are the herds there!

Tall, beautiful

Residents are always cheerful,

Apparently - a penny is being spent!

A man is grooming a woman there:

On holiday she wears a shower jacket

The collar is made of sable!

Children up to age are in bliss,

The horse is at least at the factory now,

In a forged, durable cart

GRANDFATHER

Nikolay Nekrasov

I
Once at my father's office,
Sasha saw the portrait
Shown in the portrait
There was a young general.
"Who is this? - Sasha asked.
Who?..” - “This is your grandfather.” -
And dad turned away
He hung his head low.
“Why don’t I see him?”
Dad didn't say a word in response.
Grandson, standing in front of his grandfather,
He looks keenly at the portrait:
“Dad, why are you sighing?
Is he dead... alive? speak!”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll know.”
- “That’s it... you say, look!..”

IV
Everything, having been waiting for a long time,
Suddenly we met an old man...
He blessed, weeping,
Home, and family, and servants,
I shook off the dust at the threshold,
Solemnly removed from his neck
Image of a crucified god
And, having been baptized, he said:
“Today I have come to terms with everything,
What have I suffered forever!..”
The son bowed before his father,
He washed the old man's feet;
White curls scratched
Grandfather Sasha's mother,
I stroked them, kissed them,
She called Sasha for a kiss.
Right hand to mom
Grandfather grabbed, and the other
Stroking rosy Sasha:
“What a handsome guy!”
Grandfather with a gaze
Sasha looked, - suddenly
The boy's tears are streaming
They rushed to grandpa's grandson
He rushed: “Grandfather! where are you
Lived and disappeared for so many years?
Where are your epaulets?
Why aren't you wearing a uniform?
What are you hiding on your leg?
Is your arm wounded or what?...”
- “When you grow up, Sasha, you’ll find out.
Well, kiss the old man!..”

XXI
"God! It'll get boring listening!
“You will grow up!” - the mother says,
Daddy loves, but torments:
“You’ll grow up,” he also repeats!
Same with grandfather... That's it!
I've already grown up - look!..
(He stood on the bench of the canoe.)
Better speak now!..”
Grandfather kisses and strokes:
“Or are you all at the same time?..”
Grandfather can't handle his heart
It beats like a dove.
“Grandfather, do you hear? I want
You will definitely find out everything!”
Grandfather kissing his grandson
Whispers: “You won’t understand.
We must study, my dear!
I'll tell you everything, just wait!
Gather your strength,
Look around you more closely.
You're a smart guy, Sasha, but still
Need to know history
And geography too."
- “How long, grandfather, should we wait?”
- “A year or two, whatever happens.”
Sasha runs to his mother:
"Mother! I want to study! -
Screams loudly from a distance.

XXII
Time passes. OK
The boy learns everything -
Knows history well
(He is already ten years old)
Boyko will show you on the map
And Petersburg and Chita,
He'll tell you better than a big one
Much in Russian life.
Hates stupid and evil people
Wishes good for the poor
Remembers what he hears, what he sees...
Grandfather notes: it's time!
He himself often gets sick,
He began to need a crutch...
Soon, soon he will find out
Sasha sad story...

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov historical poem grandfather. Poet's library

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

XIX

XX

XXI

XXII

Latest

You need to know this