Popular septic tanks for summer cottages. Which septic tank is better - features of choosing a septic tank for your home and garden
If connecting to a centralized one is impossible, they choose to build an autonomous one. It is important to choose the right processing method Wastewater. There may be several options. Let's look at each of them and determine which septic tank is better.
All about choosing a septic tank
Types of waste disposal devices
A septic tank is a waterproof container in which wastewater is stored or treated. Equipment is classified according to the following criteria.
All units dispose of wastewater, but do so different ways. The degree of purification also varies. Based on this, several types are distinguished.
Septic tanks
Tanks of various capacities, completely sealed. They most often consist of one chamber, less often of two communicating compartments. Their function is to collect sewage, which is periodically removed by a sewer truck.
Advantages
- Can be placed anywhere on . The main thing is to leave a free entrance for the car.
- There is no need to equip a post-treatment system, for example, filtration fields that occupy a significant area. Moreover, they are difficult to install.
- High resistance to salvo discharges.
- Safe for the environment, provided that the seal is not broken.
- Energy independence and complete autonomy.
Flaws
There is, perhaps, only one drawback - the need for pumping.
Septic tanks
Consist of three or two chambers. Each one undergoes liquid purification. Depending on the design features and the type of “working” microorganisms, the water is clarified by 40-75%. Thus, anaerobic microorganisms are able to purify waste liquid by 40-60%.
Advantages
- Quite a high degree of wastewater treatment.
- Reliable, durable design.
- No power supply required.
Flaws
- Restrictions on installation in various types of soil.
- Permission for installation and operation is required.
- The need to regularly clean the first compartment from accumulated sludge. True, this happens much less frequently than pumping out the drive.
- Large area of the underground part of the structure, taking into account infiltrators and drainage wells.
In addition, you will have to periodically purchase bacteria and biofilters necessary for normal functioning.
Deep biopurification systems
A multi-chamber system where waste is decomposed by chemical, biological and mechanical methods.
At the end of the cycle, 96-97% purified water comes out. It is considered technical and is dumped into the ground or reservoir. No additional purification required. Good quality of purification is ensured by the vital activity of aerobic bacteria and forced aeration. Possibility of installation in any type of soil.
Advantages
- Compactness.
- They take up little space, given that installation of additional devices for post-treatment is not required.
- No regular pumping or cleaning necessary
Flaws
- The need to connect to the electrical network for the operation of aerators.
- Difficult maintenance. It is good that it is carried out regularly by specialists. Independent intervention will lead to incorrect operation of the equipment.
- Restrictions on the use of household chemicals. Some of them provoke the death of aerobes.
- The price is higher than that of other types of equipment.
Differences in the type of devices determine which septic tank to choose for a private home. For example, for a septic tank, a septic tank is suitable.
Criteria for choosing a septic tank for a country house
A competent choice of a recycling device is impossible without taking into account several defining criteria.
Materials
- Concrete monolith. Long lasting, very durable option. It is erected independently; formwork is used for installation. Quite difficult to manufacture.
- Reinforced concrete rings. Like the previous option, they are durable and last a long time. They need reliable sealing. They can only be installed using special equipment.
- or brick structures. They are erected from the bottom of the pit. Effective sealing is required, otherwise the material will collapse under the influence of moisture. Installation is difficult.
- Plastic tanks. Lightweight, relatively durable, and low in price. Insensitive to corrosion. Can be damaged by rodents and crack at low temperatures.
- Metal containers. Most often made of steel alloys. Durable, strong, sealed. Without effective protection, they are destroyed by corrosion.
- Fiberglass containers. Airtight, lightweight, durable. Chemically inert, do not crack at low temperatures. They last a long time.
Dimensions
Calculated based on the average daily flow rate. On average, 200 liters of waste liquid per person per day. According to the standards, the tank must have a minimum capacity of three days for each resident. A plus is a reserve of 25-30% in case guests come often. The technical documentation of factory models always indicates how many people they are designed for.
The estimated volume of waste liquid determines the number of sections. So, if it is less than 1 cubic meter. m, then choose a single-chamber waste disposal unit, less than 10 cubic meters. m - two-chamber, more than 10 cubic meters. m - three-chamber. Dimensions homemade devices are chosen randomly.
Soil type and groundwater level
The geological situation of the area influences the choice. A settling tank with or infiltration is installed only on sandy, pebble and gravel soils, on plastic and sandy loams. Groundwater should not reach at least 1 m to the structure. Clays, hard sandy loams, and loams are not able to pass or absorb liquid. Therefore, it is impossible to install post-treatment systems on them.
Here it is only possible to discharge it through sealed pipes into a centralized sewer system or into drainage ditches.
The best choice for clay soils would be sealed storage tanks or bioremediation stations. Highly rising groundwater also does not allow the installation of settling tanks complete with post-treatment. Only storage tanks or biological stations are possible.
Homemade or factory made
Sometimes owners refuse to purchase factory equipment. They make a choice in favor of homemade ones. Sometimes this is justified.
It is built from concrete rings, monolithic concrete, brick. If installed correctly, the result is a reliable, durable design. Sometimes old tires are used or just a pit is used. Such structures have a detrimental effect on the environment, polluting the soil around them. Factory-made containers made of plastic, and even more so fiberglass, will do the job better. Putting them in place is very simple. Septic tanks can also be made independently, but only the most simple models. Afterwards, the liquid needs to be further purified and equipment installed for this purpose. If you need completely safe, reliable design with a high degree of purification, you will have to buy it.
We conclude that a small storage device is sufficient for a temporary home. The advantage of this solution is that the mini-reservoir can be installed independently. Residential homes should be equipped with bio-treatment stations. Settlement devices equipped with post-treatment equipment can also be installed, but only if the terrain conditions allow it.
Rating of the best septic tanks for a country house
- "Topol", company "Eco-Grand". Purifies waste liquid by 99%. Maintenance is simplified due to the non-standard design of the first compartment. It is possible to clean the device yourself.
- "Eurobion" from "Yubas". The rhythm aeration tank allows the system to operate even if the sewer is not in constant use.
- "Triton" and "Tank" from "Triton-plastic". A wide range of septic tanks and storage tanks of different capacities. From mini and micro models to 10,000 liter tanks.
- "Astra" from Unilos." Performs effective multi-stage cleaning.
So, how to choose a septic tank for? It is necessary to accurately determine the volume of sewage, find out the type of soil, and the level of groundwater rise. All this will help you choose the type of device. All that remains is to select the material and volumes. The range of recycling systems is very wide, making a rational choice will not be difficult.
The best solution to the problem of wastewater disposal in a country house where there is no central sewerage system is to install a septic tank. However, finding the right model may not be the same. simple matter, as expected. A huge range of different designs and modifications offered by modern manufacturers poses the question to the user: which is the best septic tank for a summer residence? By reading the information provided below, you can get a more complete understanding of the structure of your home sewage system and wastewater treatment system and consciously begin choosing the design of a treatment facility.
Read in the article:
What is a septic tank: purpose, installation requirements
A septic tank is a treatment facility whose purpose is to collect, process and dispose of sewage. Buying a septic tank for your dacha means ensuring comfortable use of water resources and a toilet. Household and household sewage in the form of contaminated liquid cannot simply be poured onto the ground or into open containers. This is always accompanied by unpleasant odors, soil contamination and groundwater, which threatens local environmental disruption.
Therefore, for the installation of sewage systems in private areas, which include dachas, country cottages, estates, estates, special containers were invented for the safe concentration of waste water in them. Over time, these tanks were modernized into entire systems and began to be called septic tanks, to which modern man I’m already used to it and treat it as an integral part of everyday life and comfort.
The appearance of a well-maintained septic tank does not spoil the appearance of the site Currently, the user has the opportunity to choose between the simplest models of storage septic tanks for a summer residence or more complex designs that provide additional filtration and even deep cleaning with subsequent disposal.
Practical advice! It should be remembered that no matter what type of structure the user chooses, its installation must meet certain requirements stipulated by building codes and regulations (SNiP).
They provide a safe distance from the septic tank to certain objects:
- from buildings, residential premises - at least 5 meters;
- water sources used for drinking – 50 m;
- water channels (natural and artificial) with running water-10 m, and standing reservoirs – 30 m;
- highways, highways, roads (including country roads) - more than 5 m;
- trees – 3 m;
- gas pipelines, underground laying– 5 m.
Such removal distances are provided in case of damage to the integrity of the tank, in order to prevent the harmful effects of its contents on the listed objects.
Which septic tank to choose for your dacha: options, classification
Before purchasing and installing a sewer treatment system, you need to decide which model is most effective for your specific operating conditions. How to choose a septic tank for your dacha? - this question can be answered by familiarizing yourself with the types of structures, their designs and characteristics.
The following types of septic tanks are distinguished:
- cumulative– working on the principle of a cesspool, which is a container for collecting and accumulating economic and domestic wastewater from a house until pumping using special equipment (sewage truck);
- with soil filtration (drainage) system– providing preliminary cleaning and clarification of wastewater before its movement into the drainage system, where it is finally cleaned and dissolved in soil layers;
- using bioremediation– involving the use of various methods that allow for almost complete purification of wastewater and its safe discharge into the soil or water body.
In areas with non-permanent residence, installation is sufficient storage tank, which will act as a septic tank for a toilet in the country.
If a family is expected to live, as well as receiving guests, then you need to think about installing a treatment plant with sufficient volume and good performance.
With the exception of accumulative models, dacha sewage treatment systems operate through the use of microorganisms - bacteria that process organic impurities of wastewater coming from the house, thereby purifying it to the state of water. These bacteria are:
Depending on the bacteria used, septic tanks are divided into anaerobic and aerobic models, respectively.
Design features and principle of operation of anaerobic septic tanks
This type of treatment facility is a one-, two-, or three-chamber tank, hermetically sealed, in which step-by-step processes of decomposition of the organic components of sewage runoff and removal of the purified product by releasing it into the soil layers take place.
The most popular are anaerobic septic tanks with two chambers. Sewage enters the first chamber, where solid particles are settled and separated. Then the contents are poured into the second compartment, where they are processed by aerobic microorganisms and cleaned. The clarified liquid is removed using a drain pipe and dissolves in the soil through the drainage system.
The vital activity of aerobes and their work on the decomposition of organic impurities in domestic and economic wastewater is accompanied by the release of gases: CO 2 - carbon dioxide; CH 4 – methane; NH 3 – ammonia; H 2 S – hydrogen sulfide.
Some of these gases are perfectly soluble in water and removed along with it, and some are removed through a ventilation system that includes a check valve that allows the release of exhaust gases to the outside, but prevents the access of oxygen inside.
To improve the quality of cleaning, some models include a biofilter - an additional chamber loaded with a special filler that creates favorable conditions for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Polymer granules, expanded clay or plastic mesh are used as filler.
The main advantages of anaerobic models are:
- simplicity of design – absence of complex technical and electrical elements;
- energy independence - the cleaning process occurs in the course of natural reactions;
- relatively low cost.
If there is a lack of beneficial microbes or low efficiency of their “work”, you can buy anaerobic bacteria for the septic tank in order to artificially increase their population in the septic chambers by “populating”.
Design and operating conditions of aerobic septic tanks
Unlike previous models, the operating principle of aerobic septic tanks is based on increasing the access of oxygen to the septic chamber to maintain the activity of aerobes, which cannot exist without it. For this purpose, the designs of such structures include compressors, pumps, and aerators (air nozzles through which air enters the reservoir in the form of a cloud of bubbles).
An aerobic septic tank for a summer residence cannot be called energy-independent, but its main advantages are:
- high productivity with smaller tank volumes;
- speed of wastewater treatment;
- high quality cleaning.
The disadvantage is the relatively high price and inability to maintain operating efficiency in the absence of power.
The structure consists of two or three chambers. Sewage flows into a receiving tank, where large and heavy fractions are separated from smaller particles. Due to the constant access of oxygen supplied through aerators, bacteria are in active state and process organic compounds, purifying the contents of the chamber. The purified water enters the secondary settling tank, where it is finally clarified and removed, freeing up space for the newly arrived liquid.
To maintain the stable performance of the cleaning system, it is recommended to add special additives to it containing aerobic bacteria for the septic tank, which can be purchased over the counter.
What is a mini septic tank for a summer residence: distinctive features, advantages
Mini septic tank models are specially designed for arranging local sewage systems in summer cottages. They may well cover the needs of two people with permanent residence, or the whole family with periodic visits to the plot.
The prefix “mini” means that the volume of such a structure is only 1 m³. Despite small sizes and insignificant capacity, the structure is capable of processing up to 200-300 liters of liquid during the day.
The smallest septic tank for a summer residence has an operating principle based on the same processes as in the models described above: settling, purification from organic matter due to bacteria, clarification and disposal through the drainage system.
The advantages of such models of mini septic tanks for a summer residence without pumping include:
- durability - the material of manufacture (plastic or polyethylene) is not subject to corrosion and, with proper use, has a long service life;
- ease of maintenance - involves pumping out sediment as it accumulates, which happens extremely rarely;
- small dimensions - allow installation of the product even on a small plot of land;
- accessibility – the cost of mini installations compares favorably with larger analogues.
Related article:
In this article we will try to figure out how to do it, what is required for this, how difficult such work is, and how to save money on construction.
Another advantage of the described models is the ease of installation, which, due to its small size and weight, can be carried out even by one person.
What is the best price for septic tanks for a summer residence: review, comparison, analysis
The modern market is replete with offers of their products from different manufacturing companies. The differences between the best septic tanks for a summer residence and more mediocre models are not clearly defined; they need to be looked for in the details.
Choosing the right model of treatment plant is not an easy task. You cannot make a decision based only on the volume of septic chambers, considering that the larger the capacity, the less often it needs to be pumped out. Without a well-functioning drainage system, any septic tank will have to be pumped out frequently. It is necessary to consider the possibility of installing additional post-treatment systems in case the quality of purification is not high enough. It would be wrong to choose an aerobic septic tank for an area where there are power outages or a mini model for a large one. country house with permanent residence.
Practical advice! The best septic tank is the one that is suitable for specific operating conditions, has the necessary performance and a cost that is affordable for the user’s purchasing power.
Choosing the best septic tank for a country house: rating of well-known manufacturers, product review
Majority brands present the model range of their products with various modifications in order to interest the largest circle of buyers and attract their attention specifically to their products. Manufacturers of septic tanks are no exception.
The user is invited to familiarize himself with the rating of 10 well-known brands - manufacturers of treatment facilities for local sewer systems, which for many years have held leading positions in popularity among customers.
"Topas" - high cleaning rates
The model range of Topas septic tanks has more than 30 items. We present to users the most popular models for a summer house or country house, designed for a family of several people. These septic tanks are of the aerobic type. Having decided to buy a Topas septic tank inexpensively from the manufacturer, the purchase price will depend on the name of the model and its technical characteristics:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Topas-5 | Designed for 5 people Dimensions - 1.1x1.2x2.5 m Productivity – 1 m³/day Price – 79,900 rub. |
 Topas-8 | Assumes 8 users Dimensions – 1.6x1.2x2.5 m Electricity consumption – 1.5 kW/day Productivity – 1.5 m³/day Price – 99,900 rub. |
 Topas-10 | Accommodates up to 10 people Dimensions – 2.1x1.2x2.5 m Electricity consumption – 2 kW/day Productivity – 2 m³/day Price – 125,500 rub. |
When ordering the installation of a Topas septic tank, the price with turnkey installation will be: Topas-5 – 107,000 rubles, Topas-8 – 128,000 rubles, Topas-10 – 155,000 rubles.
“Tank” – reliability corresponds to the name
These systems consist of several chambers in which cleaning processes take place. The characteristics of the septic tank Tank, reviews from owners about its practicality indicate the high quality of workmanship and reliability of the product. The lineup includes five models:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Tank-1 | Designed for 2-3 people Dimensions - 1.2x1x1.7 m Volume – 1.2 m³ Capacity - up to 600 l/day Price - 20,000 rubles, with infiltrator and installation - 56,700 rubles. |
 Tank-2 | Suitable for use by up to 4 people Dimensions - 1.8x1.2x1.9 m Volume - 2 m³ Capacity - up to 800 l/day Price - 29,200 rubles, with infiltrator and installation - 71,700 rubles. |
 Tank-2.5 | For use by 5 people Dimensions - 2x1.2x1.95 m Volume -2.5 m³ Capacity - 1000 l/day Price - 33,700 rubles, with infiltrator and installation - 79,200 rubles. |
 Tank-3 | For a family of 6 members Dimensions - 2.2x1.2x 2 m Volume – 3 m³ Capacity - 1200 l/day Price – 40,400 rubles, with infiltrator and installation – 88,000 rubles. |
 Tank-4 | For 9 people Dimensions – 3.8x1x1.7 m Volume – 3.6 m³ Capacity 1800 l/day Price – 52,400 rubles, with infiltrator and installation – 103,000 rubles. |
When ordering the installation of a Tank septic tank, the price may increase depending on the number of installed infiltrators (there can be 1, 2 or 3 of them).
"Termite" - a profitable solution at an affordable price
When compiling a review of Termit septic tanks, the reviews from the owners are extremely positive, noting the energy independence and cost-effectiveness of the product. The ease of maintenance of the structure is also noted. The model range includes six modifications designed for different quantities users with different performance levels. The most popular are:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Termit-1,2 | Number of users – 1-2 people Dimensions – 1.16x1.16x1.55 m Volume – 1.2 cubic meters Capacity – 700 l/day Price – 26,000 rubles. |
 Termit-2 | Number of users – 3-4 people Dimensions – 1.39x1.15x1.99 m Volume - 2 cubes Capacity – 1000 l/day Price – 39,000 rubles. |
 Termit-3 | Number of users - 5-6 people Dimensions – 2.22x1.16x2.05 m Volume - 3 cubes Capacity – 1300 l/day Price – 49,000 rubles. |
 Termit-3.5 | Number of users – 6-7 people Dimensions – 2.3x1.15x2.01 m Volume – 3.5 cubic meters Capacity – 1500 l/day Price – 57,000 rubles. |
When ordering turnkey installation of a Termite septic tank, the price of the work will be 18,500, 22,000, 30,000 and 35,000 rubles, respectively.
"Aqua-Bio" - operational parameters and prices
The principle of operation is based on the step-by-step cleaning of sewage in several septic chambers. Due to the large internal volume, the Aqua-Bio septic tank is capable of accepting a significant volley discharge, as well as for a long time without pumping with sewage equipment. The models are reliable and durable, however, the prices for the product cannot be called budget.
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Aqua-Bio 2000 | For a family of 2 members Volume – 2000 l. Productivity – 0.7 m³/day Cost – 40 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 2500 | For a family of 4 members Volume – 2500 l. Productivity – 0.9 m³/day Cost – 48 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 3000 | For a family of 6 members Volume – 3000 l. Productivity – 1.1 m³/day Cost – 57 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 3600 | For a family of 7 members Volume – 3600 l. Productivity – 1.3 m³/day Cost – 70 thousand rubles. |
Practical advice! Installation of an Aqua-Bio septic tank is not recommended under conditions where the level of the first ground water carrier is located above the two-meter mark. Or it is necessary to use a special technology with the construction of a concrete base and attaching the tank to it.
"Tver" - high-level biological treatment
The design of the septic tank involves the use of a bioreactor and aeration tanks, which ensures a high degree of wastewater treatment. Recycled liquid can be used for irrigation garden crops or drain into a simple ditch or roadside ditch. When used correctly, the liquid should not emit any odors.
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Tver 0.75 | Designed for 3 people Dimensions – 2.25x0.85x1.67 m Volume – 0.75 m³ Productivity – 0.7 m³/day Price value – 70 thousand rubles. |
 Tver 1 P | Designed for 5 people Dimensions – 2.5x1.1x1.67 Volume – 1.1 m³ Productivity – 1 m³/day Price value – 100 thousand rubles. |
 Tver 1.5 P | Designed for 8 people Dimensions – 3.5x1.1x1.67 Volume – 1.5 m³ Productivity – 1.5 m³/day Price value – 130 thousand rubles. |
When choosing a Tver septic tank, you can buy it at a relatively high price, which is fully justified by the high performance, functionality and unpretentiousness of the product.
"Unilos" - high technology, excellent results
The Unilos model range offers products of different capacities, among which there are stations with a capacity of up to 30 m³/day. As for models intended for a summer house or a country house, the following designs should be noted:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Unilos Astra-3 | Provides 3 residents Dimensions 1.12x0.82x2.03 m Electricity consumption – 40 W/hour Processing speed – 0.6 m³/day. Cost – 66 thousand rubles. |
 Unilos Astra-5 | Provides 5 residents Dimensions - 1.12x1.12x2.36 m Electricity consumption – 60 W/hour Processing speed - 1 m³/day. Cost – 79 thousand rubles. |
 Unilos Astra-10 | Provides 8-10 residents Dimensions – 2.0x1.16x2.36 m Electricity consumption – 100 W/hour Processing speed - 2 m³/day. Cost – 130 thousand rubles. |
The most popular model is the Yunios Astra-5 septic tank, the price of which is quite comparable to the price values of similar models from other manufacturers. The use of compressors, aerators and hydraulic pumps in Yunios products allows wastewater to be purified up to 95-98%, which allows it to be discharged directly onto the ground or reservoir.
“Leader” – multi-stage sewage treatment
The range of products offered reaches 12 items. For use as a local wastewater treatment system in a country house or country house, the following models can be considered the most optimal:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Leader-1 | Number of residents – 5 people Compressor power – 40 W/hour Productivity – up to 1.2 cubic meters/day Cost – 105 thousand rubles |
 Leader-1.5 | Number of residents – 7 people Compressor power – 60 W/hour Productivity – up to 1.8 cubic meters/day Cost – 125 thousand rubles |
 Leader-2 | Number of residents – 9-10 people Compressor power – 80 W/hour Productivity – up to 2.4 cubic meters/day Cost – 145 thousand rubles |
When choosing a Leader septic tank, the price may seem high, but the performance and practicality of the product can fully justify the costs. The working life of the structure is designed for many years of operation.
"Triton" - a country version of the cleaning system
In the VOC Triton line, dacha options There are modifications “Mini” and “ED”, with a volume of 1800 and 2000 liters. These models are containers divided into sections in which stepwise wastewater treatment occurs. Technical characteristics of the structures are presented in the table:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Triton-ED-1800 | For 2-3 permanent residents Volume – 1.8 cubic meters Processing rate –0.6 m³/day. Price – 30 thousand rubles. |
 Triton-ED-2000 | For 3-4 permanent residents Volume – 2 cubic meters Processing rate –0.8 m³/day. Price – 31.5 thousand rubles. |
 Triton mini | For 1-2 permanent residents Volume –0.75 cubic meters Processing speed – 250 m³/day. Price – 25 thousand rubles. |
The Triton Mini septic tank is ideal for use on a personal plot. Its dimensions and simple installation allow even one person to handle the installation.
"Ekopan" - a local cleaning system for a personal plot
The brand's products have a double classification: for conditions with low groundwater level (marked - L) and for use in any conditions (marked - T). Country versions of the products are represented by models 2,3 and 5, respectively:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 L-2, T-2 | Assumes 2-3 residents Dimensions – 2.35x1.24x1.44 m Processing speed – 500 l/day. Cost – 62,000, 77,000 rubles |
 L-3, T-3 | Assumes 4 residents Dimensions – 2.5x1.2x1.44 m Processing speed – 750 l/day. Cost – 70,000, 84,000 rubles |
 L-5, T-5 | Assumes 5 residents Dimensions – 2.55x1.44x1.64m Processing speed – 1000 l/day. Cost – 90,000, 107,000 rubles |
The Ecopan septic tank has a wall thickness L - 8 mm, T - 19 mm. Some models are marked with the letter “D”. It informs that the design assumes the presence of an additional chamber for the drainage pump. The cost of such products is slightly higher than those indicated in the table.
"Topol" - an aerobic model of a wastewater treatment plant
The main advantage of VOC Topol is the presence of many modifications that provide for the processing of household wastewater even with a population of up to 40 people. In relation to dacha conditions, the following designs can be called the most effective:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Topol-3 | Number of inhabitants – 3 people Dimensions – 1.12x1.06x2.125 m Recycling – 0.65 cubic meters/day. Price value - 76,500 rubles |
 Topol-5 long PR | Number of inhabitants – 5 people Dimensions –1.1x1.1x2.9 m Processing – 1 cubic meter/day. Price value –109,000 rubles |
 Topol-8 | Number of inhabitants – 8 people Dimensions –1.1x1.35x2.525 m Recycling – 1.5 cubic meters/day. Price value - 99,500 rubles |
Article
The times when you could simply use an outdoor toilet in dachas and country houses long gone. Modern hygienic requirements have increased significantly, and now it is necessary to strictly monitor safety when handling household waste. Good septic tanks help solve the problem, but in order not to make a mistake with your choice, you need to carefully study their nuances.
Peculiarities
Connection to centralized sewer systems perhaps not everywhere. Disposing of sewage and household waste using a septic tank is much more practical and reliable than using a banal cesspool. Speaking about the advantages and disadvantages of septic tanks, it should be noted that only one circumstance can cause certain inconvenience. This is the need to pay a certain amount of money even if the device is made by hand.
How the device works cumulative type simple:
- waste enters the container;
- as it fills, they call a car with a pump and a sewage tank;
- After some time, the emptied container is again ready to accept waste.
As for the second type of device, it works fundamentally differently. The simple accumulation of contaminants is replaced by their filtration, absorption and thorough neutralization. Complicating the design in this case is completely justified, since it allows the problem to be solved most effectively. When choosing products, it is recommended to take into account how many residents are in the house or can visit it. Also of no small importance is the type of plumbing equipment and the intensity of its work.
Regardless of the specific design, it is necessary to achieve a high level of wastewater purification so that it can be discharged into the ground without the threat of clogging. Typically, the flow of sewage entering through the sewer is directed to the source chamber, where it is divided into fractions. This leads to the fact that the largest solid particles settle to the bottom, and the relatively fine suspension reaches the next chamber. Specially selected anaerobic microorganisms deal with them there. As a result of biological influence, fermentation occurs and methane begins to be released.
The passages to the septic tank compartments are covered with special devices (water seals). Thanks to this solution, the nuisance characteristic of simple cesspools and sedimentation tanks is eliminated - the spread of a bad odor everywhere.
The third chamber also plays a role, in which, using a filter of a special design, contaminants that have overcome the first two stages are captured. The filter is also assisted by aerobic bacteria that live freely in an oxygen environment. A similar device is typical for any septic tank, be it a Russian or imported product.
After delivery to the site, fully finished specimens are lowered into a pre-formed pit. Those wastewater that managed to go through three stages of purification are completely safe in chemical and biological terms. You can safely redirect them to the filtration field and into the soil. The treatment plant, which complies with SNiP standards, successfully operates even in the harshest climatic conditions. It is not afraid of severe frosts and snowstorms, and some versions do not depend on power supply at all.
If for some reason you are not satisfied with factory products or there is a desire to save money, land owners can make a septic tank themselves.
For this purpose, completely ready-made tanks are supplied, but with the difference that their installation will be carried out not by a team of specialists, but by the owners themselves. It is recommended to choose the strongest materials that can successfully withstand the aggressive effects of sewage waste. Before installing septic tanks yourself, you should prepare drawings to eliminate errors and omissions. Sometimes 3-6 concrete rings are enough to complete the task.
How to choose and make it yourself?
When working on an autonomous sewer system, there are no trifles, because even the slightest mistakes and shortcomings can lead to serious consequences. It is advisable to consider first choosing a finished product, and then constructing it with your own hands. In both cases, you need to take into account:
- how much waste accumulates per day;
- whether they live in the house all year round or only in the warm season;
- the amount of plumbing used;
- presence of groundwater and its height, chemical properties;
- the amount that owners can allocate for the purchase of plumbing equipment;
- characteristics of the soil on the site.
When assessing the properties of any septic tank, whether homemade or industrial, it is better to start analyzing them with the performance of the device. This parameter is closely related to the number of working chambers and their dimensions. Minor flows of wastewater can also be passed through single-chamber septic tanks with a preliminary cleaning unit. In this case, household waste will be cleaned quite effectively. But if the total flow is more than 1 cubic meter. m. in 24 hours, we need a more productive model.
In its design, such a device often looks like a simple storage tank, which is systematically cleaned with your own hands or by calling a sewage disposal truck. For permanently used houses such solutions are unacceptable. Active accumulation of waste will provoke significant costs for the services of vacuum cleaners. Increased efficiency work is typical for biological purification complexes.
Anaerobic wastewater treatment methods inevitably generate gases that are hazardous to people. Therefore, you need to choose only kits with fun boner. When choosing a suitable solution, you also need to find out:
- what body material will be optimal;
- whether the tank should be placed horizontally or vertically in the soil;
- How many cleaning chambers are required?
Simple installation of concrete settling tanks from blocks of standard dimensions or by pouring concrete into formwork is accessible to almost everyone. The use of ready-made elements allows you not to worry about problems with the quality of manufacturing parts, but it increases the cost of construction. To transport concrete rings, you need powerful transport, and they are installed using special lifting machines. Self-filling is more economical, but it will take significantly more time. The settling tank will need to be operated only after the cement mixture has completely set.
Reinforced concrete rings are difficult to seal, and their suitability for repair remains questionable. Such parts are very bulky and heavy in design. But concrete products are more resistant to soil pressure and ground water than plastic ones.
There's no need to choose budget septic tanks with metal tanks, because the savings will be illusory. It will be necessary to constantly treat the surface of the septic tank with anti-corrosion mixtures.
Metal blocks are preferred where it is necessary to create geometrically complex overflow pipe complexes. Welding is used to install metal septic tanks. Connections to plastic pipes are made using flange systems, complemented by rubber cuffs. The strength and significant heaviness of steel bodies helps to avoid being pushed out by water circulating in the soil. In many cases, plastic septic tanks are used for a cottage or a simple private house.
Plastic elements can be assembled manually, and the tightness of the connections created using the cuffs is completely guaranteed. There is no need for complex protection against various substances.
After installation, plastic tanks are filled with water, this will help equalize the pressure inside and outside.
Please note: the industry produces a number of products that are characterized by increased rigidity. This allows you to bury septic tanks in dry mode.
When choosing a device, you should also pay attention to how the drainage will be organized. Directing the liquid by gravity implies the need to lay pipes at an angle. Storage cameras or filtration septic tanks equipped with stable waterproofing or made from water-impermeable materials. When building a cleaning system with your own hands, you need to add overflow pipes to the septic tanks, which transfer water to the filter section. The pipes must be supplemented with vertical segments continuously immersed in water.
As in self-production, and when purchasing ready-made kit Various methods of final soil cleaning can be used. Widespread:
- filtration wells with a layer of drainage material at the bottom;
- tunnel infiltration devices;
- underground cleaning “fields” where perforated pipes are laid.
Choosing the right approach is not easy, because you will have to take into account the required depth of wastewater treatment, soil category, height of soil water and their chemical aggressiveness. When one of the chambers is reserved for aerobic microscopic cleaning, it is supplemented with aerators, so you will have to take care of a stable power supply. An air pipe is laid between the parts of the septic tanks, compensating for the uneven pressure in them.
Regardless of the design features, you will have to make hatches for inspection and cleaning of containers.
Kinds
A septic tank for a dacha with 2-3 residents can be made according to the cesspool option; This is the most economical type in terms of water consumption. The container must be very durable, and the higher its capacity (within reasonable limits), the more practical the device is.
For permanent residence with a small amount of waste generated, it is preferable overflow systems. Such equipment produces partial waste treatment, and the tank will have to be emptied using special equipment on average once every two or three years. The soil filter fields that complement such septic tanks are made of rocks that are permeable to water.
The advantages of this solution are:
- ease of service manipulations;
- long intervals from one cleaning to another;
- increasing the efficiency of waste use.
But septic tanks that have additional purification in the soil cannot be used in clay soil with insufficient permeability to liquid. In addition, such a design is incompatible with the high position of the first horizon. For a private home, in many cases, more powerful and advanced treatment plants are used. Overall performance is determined by the number of cameras; There is no need to make calculations when choosing a device; the number of residents served is written on the packaging.
An autonomous storage (non-volatile) septic tank is always cheaper than one dependent on the electrical network. It's not just about operating costs, but also about the necessary basic components. The lack of connection to the electrical network allows you not to equip the septic tank with pumps, compressor systems and fittings. But valves and hoses will be used in a specific case.
It is worth considering that if it is necessary to process waste as deeply as possible (for use or as prescribed by sanitary authorities), you will have to abandon energy-independent solutions completely.
The increased efficiency of devices connected to the electrical network results in the need to constantly maintain strictly specified conditions.
Volatile devices are best installed on a turnkey basis with the help of specialists. Sewerage for country houses It may also be common to several buildings. The discharge should be planned so that it is above the soil water horizon. Hatch protozoa storage system rises 10-15 cm above the soil. To less often call a machine for pumping, you should choose a product with a capacity for a month and a reserve of at least 1/5.
Non-volatile complexes are selected in such a way that the full capacity allows the volume of wastewater to be absorbed in 72 hours and there is still a spare volume of approximately 30-40%. Normal operation of overflow-type devices implies that the liquid fills a maximum of ¾ of the entire cavity of the tank. Active devices are in any case equipped ventilation systems. In order for the system to operate without odor, the outlet must be located at a height of 300-500 cm. The tanks are cleaned of accumulated sludge every few months.
Local purification stations help reduce the intensity of bad odors as much as possible.
Compared to simple septic tanks, such devices are more expensive, since waste treatment is carried out not only by biological and mechanical methods. In addition to infiltrators, chemical treatment agents are also necessarily used. Such devices cannot be used for non-permanent areas. But the level of remaining contaminants is a maximum of 5% of the original value.
Clarified water can be used for:
- irrigation of gardens, vegetable gardens and fields;
- filling a landscape reservoir;
- conducting construction and repair work.
When there is no need for such use of treated wastewater, it is allowed to pour it into natural reservoirs and various ditches. Sewage facilities can withstand several hours during a power outage, but no more. Therefore, it will be necessary to supplement the treatment plant with backup power systems, even if the energy networks in a particular area operate quite reliably.
In any case, the fewer seams in a volatile or autonomous septic tank, the more efficient and sustainable it works.
Material
- Polyethylene structures do not have seams at all, so cracking and leaks are excluded. Synthetic material does not rot and is not prone to corrosion. Multilayer polyethylene works stably even in frosts of 30 degrees. Fiberglass blocks are considered no less high quality. They are stronger than polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, but the overall cost is much higher. Plastic is used mainly for commercial properties or for several private homes at once. Many fiberglass structures can meet the needs of up to 200 residents at a time.
- Metal products (almost always steel) usually have two parts. The internal volume of the welded body contains an additional plastic tank. Even the best steel is rarely used on its own because it can easily lose its seal, and if the outer layer is damaged, corrosion will quickly develop.
- Combined devices (metal + plastic) can have up to four sectors for sequential cleaning of incoming wastewater.
- Depending on the designers’ decisions, the walls are made either continuous with special holes or with overflow projections. Brick blocks They are popular largely because waste material can be used in their construction. Wherein serious problem represents ensuring the tightness of the walls. Building stone initially has many cracks and gaps. To cover these holes, special sealants or penetrating mastics are usually used. Brick septic tanks are beneficial for economic reasons; complex machines or professional skills are not required when working on them. Single brick masonry is allowed. A more reliable solution is to choose a structure made of concrete; they are very durable. But there is also weakness– the need for complex equipment.
- For the manufacture of a septic tank, it is allowed to use both monolithic and prefabricated concrete. Monolithic elements must be poured into the formwork after preparing the pit. As with the use of bricks, the tightness of the joints must be assessed as carefully as possible.
Metal structures are used least often, because the negative qualities almost always outweigh the positive aspects.
Analyzing properties various solutions, most experts prefer plastic septic tanks.
Returning to fiberglass, we can also name such advantages as:
- service life up to 50 years;
- resistance to extreme cold and putrefactive processes;
- immunity to rodent attacks;
- the ability to pump out all waste in 60 minutes;
- the ability to use salvo discharges of a significant amount of wastewater;
- protection from foreign objects;
- Suitable for winter preservation without special preparation.
As for the use of other available materials, such steps are not approved by professionals. They can only be used in small dachas that are visited only occasionally. Barrels, tires, old tanks, and the like are used as storage devices of this kind. Surface septic tank need to be placed where a lot of soil water is concentrated, and near the very surface of the soil. If these problems do not exist, it is recommended to use underground options.
Dimensions
It is important to take into account not only the properties of individual materials, but also the size of septic tanks. When calculating dimensions, we must not forget that the volume is calculated as the total volume of all component parts; it is calculated from the bottom to the pipe entry. In the first compartment, the count is carried out from the bottom point to the overflow device, in the final one - to the place where the liquid is discharged into drainage or filtration structures. It is worth considering that in the initial chambers the average volume of solid accumulation reaches 1/5 of the height. Therefore, it is subtracted if they want to know only the space where the liquid is located.
According to building codes and regulations, even for miniseptic tanks, the daily volume of water per user is 200 liters or 0.2 m3. The smallest storage facility is designed to operate without draining for 72 hours, this allows you to compensate for various incidents and problems. When designing or choosing a solution, it should be remembered that water can be discharged into the soil layers after at least 14 days. Only under this condition will anaerobic bacteria and a settling tank be able to completely neutralize liquid waste. Formally, it turns out that for one person you will have to install a tank with a capacity of 2.8 cubic meters. m.
In practice the situation is different; The standard consumption of the standard volume of water is rarely achieved; sometimes it is half as much. This happens in rarely used houses or among frugal people. Yes, and the price goes up water resources forces us to protect them more and more. The problem is that when small-volume septic tanks are discovered, sanitary authorities may issue orders for the installation of more powerful systems. And they will be completely right even from a purely practical position!
The reason is simple - wastewater contains many substances that are poorly processed or not absorbed by bacteria at all. Most often these are heavy fats, and therefore only the intake of a large amount of water can achieve normal lightening. This is important not only for compliance with hygiene requirements, but also for keeping the equipment safe and sound. If the filter elements and layers are overfilled with substances that are difficult to decompose, they will lose their throughput. We will immediately have to redo the entire storage and filtering infrastructure.
On the other hand, you need to choose the volume of the chamber, focusing on the capacity of the sewage transport tanks. Small cleaning tanks arriving on call can take no more than 3.75 cubic meters. m. liquid. It is also worth thinking about the depth at which the sludge pump can operate; it does not exceed 3 m. These moments determine the linear parameters of the septic tank inlet chamber. In order for sedimentation and microbiological improvement to occur more effectively, it is recommended to use at least two-chamber complexes whenever possible.
The standardized height of the rings is 90 cm, and with an internal diameter of 1000 mm their volume is 0.7 m3. If the diameter increases by 1.5 times, the volume of the rings already reaches 1.59 m3, and two-meter structures have a volume of 2.83 cubic meters. m. As for the depth of the drain pipes at the entrance to the septic tank, it can be quite different. Excessive lowering is undesirable; it is better to strengthen the insulation layer. But there are other considerations, such as the need to hold the pipes firmly enough.
Removing septic tanks from houses more than 10 m is impractical, and the minimum pipeline slope is 3%. This indicator allows you to avoid freezing of pipes and reduce the risk of them filling with solid particles. The average depth of the waste pipeline reaches 50 cm (together with the insulating block). As a result, the depth of the overflow between the first and second compartments is 700 mm. The top insulation is made with EPS boards at least 5 cm thick.
Taking two meter rings, you can achieve a typical volume of 2.7 m3 with a pair of compartments. If you take concrete products one and a half times larger in size, you can get by with a single-chamber design. But as already mentioned, one should not pursue simplicity here. It should be taken into account that each pipe introduced into the septic tank must end with fittings pointing downwards. Tees that are open to the top are also used (this helps reduce debris buildup).
Colors
The color of the septic tank can be very different, but in any case you should avoid flashy and irritating shades. Concrete blocks They look good on their own. It is recommended to use blue, white or black tones for optimal appearance. The paint for any septic tank must be resistant to harmful wastewater and damage from moving soils. Any most durable and stable composition will be suitable for solving this problem.
Manufacturers and reviews
The production of septic tanks is being improved year after year. Modern technologies allow us to solve any given problem. The leading positions in various ratings are occupied by:
- "Topaz";
- "Mole";
- "Tank";
- "Triton";
- "Cedar";
- "Ecoline".
Version "Tank" designed to combine mechanical and biological methods for clarification of domestic wastewater. The very first fragment of the septic tank is a settling tank; the initially purified liquid moves to the next chamber. There, auxiliary settling occurs and suspended particles precipitate. The third block of the “Tank” contains beneficial microorganisms - this increases efficiency, but also increases the volume of the device.
The Triton brand has such competitive advantages, How:
- low cost;
- the ability (with the help of infiltrators) to leave only 2% dirt in the water;
- acquisition of models with a variety of practical properties;
- complete exclusion of unpleasant odors;
- strict compliance with sanitary standards;
- long period of operation in normal mode.
Problems may be associated with the lack of an infiltrator or aeration fields. If there are no such possibilities, the efficiency of the septic tank turns out to be insufficient, and it will not cope with a significant increase in the flow of sewage. Design "Topaz" It is excellently economical and works through aeration and the use of microorganisms. In normal mode, it is possible to purify the liquid by 98%. The developers took care of solid tightness and excellent anti-corrosion characteristics.
To install Topaz, you will have to prepare the pit carefully. A good recess must have special stiffening ribs, this ensures zero risk of deformation. The first compartment is capable of separating solid matter from the wastewater, only then the mixture is purified using oxygen. Purified water can be used in a wide variety of ways. But Topaz is highly dependent on electrical energy.
Firm "DSK" tried to make a three-chamber product, where two segments become settling tanks, and the third is equipped with a biological filter. Decomposed and clarified sewage moves into the soil filter layer.
Company "Unilos" focused on increasing the mechanical strength of its products by creating stiffeners on them and using molecular welding. The design of devices of this brand allows you to do without moving parts. The carefully designed 20mm thick wall easily resists soil pressure. The wastewater flows successively through a primary settling tank, an aerobic plant and a secondary settling tank. The release of water from pollutants by 95% allows it to be used for watering agricultural plants. The disadvantages of the system are dependence on the power grid and instability in the cold. In addition, such blocks are very expensive.
Septic tanks "Ecoline" According to the manufacturer, they are the best choice for summer seasonal use. If installed correctly, they can be used regularly. The system has only two cameras, which have no electrical components. The entrance chamber is much larger than the exit chamber, which is responsible for gravitational brightening. Additional purification is carried out in the soil.
The cost-effectiveness of Ecoline does not allow us to consider their septic tanks as the optimal solution. The fact is that the amount of remaining contaminants is as much as 40%. In addition, it will not be possible to use such systems in places with high soil water levels. Without enhanced cleaning by other means, there is a high probability of contamination of soil horizons with microorganisms. Equipment of the Kedr brand certainly requires cleaning with special equipment.
At the inlet, primary filtration is carried out, and the water cleared of sediment passes into the second block, where it is clarified deeper. Then the flow moves up and down, reaching the fixed microflora. The final compartment is responsible for the accumulation of waste.
Finnish manufacturers Uponor and Green Rock deliver products of excellent quality and excellent reliability. The highest characteristics of genuine Scandinavian goods, unlike fakes, do not allow them to be sold cheaply.
Uponor's selection has three main subtypes.
- Products "Sako" They are distinguished by partial sedimentation of sewage and autonomy. A filtration section in the soil must be completed, otherwise the surrounding area will be a very unpleasant place.
- For dachas you can also place products from the series "Bio"(with enhanced chemical and microbiological water purification). Perfectionists will be pleased with Bio Clean products, which are very compact and easy to use.
- "Green Rock" supplies only septic tanks with multi-stage treatment. All equipment of this brand combines the efforts of special reagents and microflora. This technique allows you to develop a local sewer system from scratch and significantly improve the existing one.
The Bio device requires periodic disposal of used filter blocks and special reagents and replacing them with fresh portions. Products from the Sako group do not resist cold well enough. In the most northern regions, you will need to either install insulation or choose equipment that is more stable for winter.
Finnish goods are made using seamless technology. This is much more reliable than the Russian approach, which involves connecting prefabricated parts.
Successful examples and options
In addition to choosing the appropriate brands and models of septic tanks, you need to pay attention to the components that complement the cleaning system. The use of devices with a biofilter (colonies of anaerobic organisms) allows you to do without connecting to the electrical network. Microbes can get the energy they need by breaking down organic matter without oxygen. Carbohydrates and various amino acids contained in sewage are broken down into low-molecular compounds that are safe for the natural environment. An anaerobic biological filter is made as a plastic container, divided into fragments of a certain type.
A biological purifier necessarily contains an inert material with a large specific area, which makes it possible to combine the development of microbial colonies and additional mechanical filtration. Organic matter breaks down when passing through the biofilter into simple soluble substances and sludge deposits. The sludge will have to be removed, but in many cases it is used as fertilizer.
Typical fillers:
- expanded clay;
- plastic brushes or meshes;
- granular polymers of a strictly defined fraction.
Typically, the distribution of microbes in biological filters is made uniform over the surface, and if their supply is replenished in a timely manner, it will be possible to ensure stable operation throughout the year. Such filtering does not require any complex technical skills to operate. The systems operate for a long time and odors do not penetrate outside. Safety is completely guaranteed.
In addition to organic filtration means, septic tanks are often equipped with a grease trap. In gravity drains, fatty deposits become a serious hazard and increase the likelihood of blockages and blockages. Grease traps must be installed at production facilities and in places where many people live. Private homeowners do not have such regulations, but it is better to protect your system in advance before problems arise. The design and operating principle are quite simple.
When water penetrates the inlet pipes, the first chamber begins to fill. As this filling occurs, fat particles rise to the top because they are lighter than water. Next, the fat reaches a special tray, where it gradually accumulates. The liquid released from it moves to another compartment, which ensures the residual breakdown of fats. For this purpose, the most powerful and effective methods are used, and when the equipment finishes its work, the water flows into the drain.
The first sector is saturated with water-insoluble particles. Therefore, the grease trap will need to be removed, washed and cleaned regularly. Industrial devices are easier to clean; there are special drainage pumps or shut-off valves in the bottom for this purpose. Placing a coarse delay filter in front of it helps reduce the likelihood of early contamination of the catching mechanism. Trappers are used most effectively; if the fat is heated more than the water, then it will dissolve in it and float.
Waste separation is sometimes carried out using a physical-chemical method. The essence is the use of special reagents capable of binding single particles into large collections. Such agglomerates can be more easily removed from the liquid by mechanical filters. But even with precipitation cleaning in special chambers or settling tanks, chemical pre-treatment helps improve the result. The flotation method involves the use of special compressors that supply air bubbles to the cleaning chambers.
Fats, in contact with air bubbles, form special films. The bubbles go to the top. This technique works best with significant heating of wastewater, in which the fat is practically dissolved. The mechanical technique consists of using special membranes with finely dispersed cells. The pace of work turns out to be too slow, the filter quickly becomes dirty due to the strong influx of fats.
But the overall efficiency of fat extraction will be very high. The solution is suitable for filtering wastewater regardless of its temperature and degree of dissolution. The coalescent approach relies on the ability of fats to be drawn into specific structures and settle. The emulsified fat in the filter chamber, subject to gravity and surface tension, collects on the surface. At this point, mechanical devices (manual or automatic) can assemble it.
There is another approach - the use of centrifuges. Differences in the molecular weight of water and fats cause different moments of inertia. Therefore, during rotation in the centrifuge, separation of various substances occurs. The body of any grease trap is sealed, but it can always be disassembled. Inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the device.
The lid is made in a removable or opening version, this allows you to:
- maintain the system;
- remove fat;
- evaluate the performance of the system.
The housings are divided into at least two segments, which allow you to receive wastewater, filter it and release clean liquid into sewer pipe. Regardless of the design solution, mechanical filtration, an intake apparatus and a liquid level indicator are used. Manual collection of accumulated contaminants is practical for a private home, where high productivity is not needed anyway.
Plastic grease traps are used when it is necessary to neutralize a small amount of wastewater, and therefore they are ideal for domestic purposes. Perfect environmental safety and ease of maintenance allow you not to encounter problems.
Molding and molding of plastics produces a wide range of different shapes. The attachment is made to the pipe itself (in a compact version). For maximum efficiency, free-standing devices are well suited; they are easy and comfortable to use. In addition, in autonomous devices the capacity of the dirt compartment is larger. Fiberglass products are similar to simple plastic ones in their structural diversity.
The susceptibility of fiberglass to all the main reagents found in everyday life and in waste water is very low. The special composition does not affect the lightness, but the rigidity to mechanical damage is very high. Stainless steel grease traps are considered the most durable and stable, effectively resisting chemical and physical destroyers. This technique is mainly in demand in the industrial sector because it tolerates strong heat well. Disadvantage - it is impossible to make a steel grease trap with streamlined contours or with a non-standard configuration; the fees for metal appliances are higher than for other options.
There is one more question - is it worth choosing a two-chamber or single-chamber septic tank. Not a single such device is capable of working on its own; additional cleaning in the ground is required. These are the instructions building codes and rules adopted in the Russian Federation. Septic tanks perform mechanical cleaning of sludge, ferment the sludge itself, and turn it into a mineral composition suitable for fertilizing farmland. The water will be precisely purified in the necessary way, either in one or in several chambers.
But handling sludge is a more delicate matter. In a single section, sedimentation of suspension occurs non-uniformly; closer to the entrance, this process is more intense. When the septic tank is divided into several sectors, this allows you to collect the key mass of the substance in the very first compartment. This will prevent water clogging in subsequent parts and simplify the cleaning process. In addition, the environmental characteristics of the final flow will be the best.
The more sections there are, the more gentle the operating mode of the filter well, underground filtration fields and cleaning trenches will be.
It is almost impossible to clean soil filter systems; you will have to spend a lot of money to update them. Therefore, the increase in the complexity of the septic tank has a positive effect on the convenience and comfort of consumers. It is important to take into account that septic tank equipment with microbiological cleaning forces you to use only detergents that are safe for microorganisms. In addition, at temperatures of 4 degrees and below, microbial activity is zero, and therefore the cleaning efficiency drops sharply.
When choosing the point where the treatment plant will be installed, a number of sanitary restrictions must be taken into account.
- They should not be brought closer than 5 m to the foundations of a residential building. The gap to the foundations of non-residential buildings and their ground structures is at least 1 m.
- The distance to a well or a replacement well drilled in clay soil is at least 20 m. If the ground is composed of sandy rocks, this gap increases to 50 m.
- You can bring the septic tank closer to the road at most 5 m, and there should be at least 100 cm to any type of fence.
It is very important to prepare the place in such a way that a car with a pump can drive there. As an option, it is practiced to equip the container with a fecal pump. The sludge extracted from the outside can be used as vegetable and garden fertilizer. A capacity of 150-200 liters per resident allows you to confidently use bathrooms and toilets, washing machine, wash the dishes.
The gap from the cover to the wastewater surface should be the same as the depth of soil freezing. The entire calculated volume must be placed below this mark. The higher the temperature, the better the sewage will be processed by microbes. The geometric shape of the septic tank does not have special significance, it is not reflected in the level of operational efficiency and quality of wastewater treatment. But there is another consideration - round equipment allows you to save construction materials.
When using brick, a rounded structure will help to use 10-15% fewer blocks. Rounding allows you to better tolerate the load that occurs when the soil moves. It is advisable to make monolithic two-chamber systems in the form of a square or rectangle. Such forms make it easier to obtain formwork where concrete needs to be poured. Filled elements can be made with your own hands, and it is only slightly more expensive than simple brick elements.
When board panels are placed on both sides, the pits must be made 0.4 - 0.5 m wider than the size of the tank (including the walls). If you plan to pour the solution into the gaps between the soil and formwork, digging a pit is carried out according to the external dimensions of the septic tank. When calculating the cost of work, you need to take into account the fee for removing the extracted soil. It is quite possible to get by with planar reinforcement. But bulk reinforcing frames will be completely redundant for a septic tank; they will only complicate installation and increase its cost.
To learn how to make a septic tank at your dacha with your own hands, see below.
Can't connect to the central sewer? You can solve the problem locally - install a septic tank. To make this task easier, we have prepared a review of 9 reliable septic tank manufacturers. There is a good chance that other companies you come across are either copying or counterfeiting these 9 products.
We warn you! Hereinafter, by septic tanks we mean any engineering structures designed to collect or process wastewater, unless otherwise indicated. These include VOCs and SBOs – local treatment facilities and biological treatment plants, respectively.
Instructions for selection and installation of VOCs
Purpose of the article: talk about the most reliable companies that have been producing septic tanks and biological treatment plants for household wastewater for more than 10 years. Simplify the selection of the appropriate equipment model based on the needs of the buyer, soil conditions on the site and the purchase budget.
Types of septic tanks
Before we talk about sewage treatment plants, let's do a little education. Conventionally, all treatment facilities can be divided into 3 groups:
- storage tanks. It doesn’t matter what they are made of, their function is the same - to accumulate waste until the sewer truck arrives. Relatively cheap, easy to install, and do not require maintenance as such. Use is limited by the useful volume of the container, hence the need to use water economically and rely on the services of vacuum cleaners. It's inconvenient and expensive. They are used only when soil and other conditions do not allow the installation of structures from the following two groups;
- settling tanks. Multi-section tanks that do not require an electrical connection for settling wastewater and its anaerobic treatment. Microbiological purification processes proceed slowly in an oxygen-depleted environment. The outlet water has a characteristic odor and is purified to a maximum of 60%, so it must be further purified. For this purpose, fields or filtration wells are used: wastewater seeps through the soil layer, after which it does not pose a threat to the environment. Sedimentation tanks are simply designed and affordable, but require maintenance. They need to be periodically cleaned of accumulated sediment, and the filtration field needs to be redone every 5 years. This solution is not suitable for high groundwater levels (GWL) and soil with poor throughput, for example, clayey;
- aeration stations. The most advanced systems for preparing household goods. drains. Through the process of settling, aeration and the use of microorganisms, the wastewater is purified by more than 90%, has no odor, and can be discharged into roadside ditches. However, such stations require connection to the power grid, and their efficiency suffers during power outages. Plus, they are expensive and require qualified maintenance.
We've sorted out the types of treatment facilities. It remains to take 5 steps to choose the one that suits your operating conditions.
| Step 1. Select your accommodation option | |
|---|---|
| seasonal (at the dacha) Terms of Use:
|
Ideal for:
|
| permanent (in a private house) Terms of Use:
|
Ideal for:
|
| Step 2. Select the type of soil on the site | |
| clay Initial conditions:
|
Ideal for:
|
| sand, sandy loam, loam Initial conditions:
|
Ideal for:
|
| peat Initial conditions:
|
Ideal for:
|
| Step 3: Select Groundwater Depth | |
| above 1.5 Initial conditions:
|
Ideal for:
|
| below 1.5 Initial conditions:
|
Ideal for:
|
| Step 4. Select a model based on battery life | |
non-volatile
|
Ideal for:
|
volatile
|
Ideal for:
|
| Step 5. Select the number of permanent residents | |
up to 5
|
Ideal for:
|
to 10
|
Ideal for:
|
up to 20
|
Ideal for:
|
We hope that this table helped you choose the appropriate septic tank option. All that remains is to decide on the manufacturer. The table below contains 9 companies and their brief characteristics. All the manufacturers we reviewed offer solutions for both seasonal and permanent residence.
| Manufacturers of all types of septic tanks | ||
|---|---|---|
| , all types of septic tanks Bars |
Ideal for: residents of the above cities, because Bars is a practical and economical option waste disposal. You can choose the most suitable model for the specific operating conditions of the septic tank. |
Middle price segment:
|
| , models Topas, TopBio, TopAero |
Ideal for: permanently residing in a private house, provided there are no interruptions in power supply. |
Middle price segment:
|
| , models Kedr, Unilos Astra, etc. |
Ideal for: VOC devices in a house with permanent residence. |
Middle price segment:
|
| , models Microbe, Tank, Biotank |
Ideal for: budget purchase for the dacha, which is facilitated by frequent manufacturer discounts and the simplicity of the design of most models. |
Budget price segment:
|
| , Termite and Ergobox models |
Ideal for: residents of the cities indicated above due to free delivery. For those who are looking for an alternative to Tank structures. |
Budget price segment:
|
| , Eurolos models |
Ideal for: those who need simple models of septic tanks for their summer cottages at a low price. |
Budget price segment:
|
| Manufacturers of non-volatile septic tanks | ||
| , Rostock models |
Ideal for: devices for inexpensive autonomous sewerage in the country. |
Budget price segment:
|
| Manufacturers of local treatment facilities | ||
| , models Eurobion, Yubas |
Ideal for: permanent residence, when the maximum degree of wastewater treatment is required, even with significant volley discharges. |
Premium price segment:
|
| , models Tver |
Ideal for: large areas for permanent residence, because hatches provide free access to all parts of the installation and take up a lot of space. |
Middle price segment:
|
1. “Aqua Hold” – septic tanks Bars
at a price of 54,900 rub.
2. “Topol-ECO” – Topas treatment facilities
at a price of 89,900 rub.
Topol-ECO is engaged in the development and production of autonomous aeration-type treatment plants. The company was founded in 2002, the plant is located in the Moscow region, Lobnya.
The manufacturer's catalog includes both individual treatment facilities for private homes, as well as complex and specialized solutions for a group of houses, towns and enterprises. There are also other plastic products: cellars, decorative stones, contact tanks, galvanic baths etc.
The company produces VOCs, which comprise 3 large groups:
- For private houses. Topbio - non-volatile septic tanks for installation in sandy soils. Topas and Topas-S are stations with two or one compressor, respectively. Topaero - treatment facilities with protection against increased volley discharge of wastewater.
- For enterprises and towns. Topglobal is a complex of equipment with reinforced concrete tanks for cleaning household goods. and industrial wastes. Topaero-M is a set of VOCs with increased total productivity for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Topaero-M/E is an analogue of the previous version for any type of waste.
- Specialized stations. Toplos-FL – for cleaning wastewater from organic matter. Cyclone is a system for post-treatment of household wastewater. Toplos-KM – container-type VOC for household use. drains. Toppolium is a fat separator from wastewater from public catering establishments. Toprein is a stormwater treatment plant.
The presented equipment covers a wide range of performance. The youngest models are designed for 4 people, the oldest – up to 200. The use of active forced aeration guarantees the purification of household waste by 98%. Therefore, the company positions its sewage treatment facilities as treatment facilities that do not require calling a sewer truck.
In most cases, polypropylene sheets with a thickness of 8 to 20 mm are used as the main material. The rigidity of the structure is achieved by using internal partitions and lattice structures as stiffeners.
| Model* | Topas 4 | Topbio | Topaero 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For permanent use by a family of up to 4 people on a plot with any ground level and type of soil. | For permanent or seasonal use by a family of 3-6 people on a site with sandy soil and low groundwater level. | Permanent use for large families and guests – up to 15 people in total. Any ground conditions. |
| Short description | System with two compressors for wastewater aeration and deep biological treatment. Effluent can be disposed of in the ground or in a ditch. | A vertical 5-chamber non-volatile septic tank for which a filtration field is required. | Aeration system designed for volley discharge of wastewater up to 1 m3. Wastewater with up to 98% purification is odorless and can be disposed of in a ditch. |
| Material | Polypropylene 12.5 mm for external walls, internal partitions 8 mm thick. | ||
| Size, L×W×H, mm | 950×970×2500 | 1600×1200×3000 | 2400×1200×2500 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | 42-63 | — | 208 |
| Weight, kg | 215 | 400 | 605 |
| price, rub. | 89900 | 115900 | 218700 |
* you can select a modification with a built-in pump for forced pumping of treated wastewater. Models with higher productivity come with an extended neck for in-depth installation of the station when it is located far from home, as well as reinforced versions for difficult soils.
Conclusion: The main part of the products from Topol-Eco, which can be used in a private home or on a summer cottage, are energy-dependent biological treatment stations. They are made using the most advanced technology to date, which is why they are more expensive than conventional septic tanks with a filtration field. But you also need to take into account that such equipment requires qualified maintenance, does not tolerate long power outages and is designed for constant use.
3. “SBM-Group” – Unilos treatment facilities
at a price of 59,000 rub.
The SBM-Group company produces Unilos stations, storm sewers, water pumping stations, plastic containers, and fat separators. The plant has been operating since 2006 in the Moscow region, there is production in St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, and a plant was opened in Kazakhstan in 2015.
Production technologies and range
The main emphasis is on autonomous sewage systems made of polypropylene, fiberglass and concrete. The stations are designed for cleaning household goods. and storm water. The productivity of septic tanks, depending on the chosen model, can range from 0.6 to 10,000 cubic meters per day.
Septic tanks are represented by three product lines:
- Biological treatment stations Unilos. This includes models of the Astra series and a modification with a service platform - Scarab, high-performance systems for villages - Mega, container-type kits for rotational camps - Container.
- Low-capacity septic tanks for summer cottages. The line includes aeration stations of the Uni-Sep series of hybrid type, a four-chamber non-volatile wastewater purifier Kedr and a three-chamber Unilos-OS.
- Storage containers. Containers made of polypropylene and reinforced fiberglass with pumping of wastewater using a sewer machine.
| Model | Unilos Astra 5* | Uni-Sep-1 | Cedar |
|---|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For a family of up to 5 people on a plot with any ground conditions. | For permanent or seasonal residence of 5 people in conditions of periodic power outages. For any soil. | |
| Short description | Vertical station for deep biological treatment of household goods. drains with gravity or forced drainage. Treated wastewater is discharged into a ditch or ground. | Horizontal VOC with 2 service hatches and 6 chambers for anaerobic and aerobic wastewater treatment. Discharge of purified water into a ditch or filter well. | Vertical non-volatile septic tank with 4 chambers for cleaning household wastewater. Mandatory installation of a filter field. |
| Material | Polypropylene. The side walls are 15 mm thick, the bottom is 20 mm thick. | Polypropylene 8 mm thick. | |
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 1030×1120×2000 | 1020×2000 | 1400×3000 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | 60 | 71 | — |
| Weight, kg | 220 | 130 | 150 |
| price, rub. | 89500 | 72000 | 62400 |
*this is standard equipment. There are Midi modifications with a built-in pumping station, a post-treatment and/or disinfection unit, as well as Long - with the same options, only of greater height.
Unilos Astra 5 is the most popular model among those who live in a private home all year round. The video below talks about the design of such a station and describes in detail the principle of its operation.
Conclusions: From the SBM-Group company under the Unilos brand you can choose the Astra aeration system, which is very similar in design to Topas from Topol-Eco. The choice among non-volatile septic tanks is limited to one model, but you can choose a storage tank of the required volume. Those. The manufacturer is more focused on consumers who permanently live in their own home.
4. “Elite Stroy Invest” – Tank septic tanks
at a price of RUB 34,900.
The Elite Stroy Invest company (formerly Triton Plastic) specializes in the production of plastic septic tanks, water and fuel tanks, caissons, swimming pools and a variety of goods for the garden. The plant is located in the Moscow region, Mytishchi. Operating since 2007. Deliveries are possible throughout the country through the dealer network.
Production technologies and range
The catalog includes products for drainage devices of three types:
- storage containers. This includes containers made of Triton-N polyethylene with a volume of 1 to 3.5 m3;
- septic tanks And. This includes the Microbe model (3-12 people) - a 2-chamber model for a summer residence, as well as Triton-T (2-10 people), Tank and Tank Universal (1-25 people). These are 3-chamber tanks with the ability to increase the stages of wastewater treatment by adding additional blocks;
- bioremediation systems. Energy-dependent VOC Biotank (4-10 people) and Eurobion (4-150 people) made of HDPE and polypropylene, respectively.
The main material for the manufacture of containers is HDPE. The thickness of the material ranges from 10 to 15 mm depending on the model and location. For example, it is greater near stiffening ribs, and less on straight lines or areas of slight curvature.
The video below clearly demonstrates the production of HDPE Tank models. The plant is equipped with modern equipment; sheet plastic is supplied from Russian, Czech and German manufacturers.
| Model | Tank-2 | Microbe-450 | Biotank-3 itself* |
|---|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For a family of 3-4 people with permanent or seasonal use. Works at low groundwater level, soil – sand, sandy loam, loam. | Model for seasonal use. Operation by 1-3 people in economy mode. For low groundwater level and filter soil. | Seasonal accommodation for up to 5 people. Low groundwater level, sandy or loamy soil. |
| Short description | Cast horizontal 3-chamber settling tank with developed stiffening ribs. Can be equipped with an infiltrator** (analogue of a filtration field). Soil post-treatment of wastewater is required. | Compact vertical septic tank with 2 chambers. Provides minimal purification from heavy and light fractions. It is necessary to arrange a filtration field. You can additionally purchase an infiltrator. | Vertical 4-chamber septic tank with aeration section. Installed 1 compressor and simple automation. The degree of wastewater treatment is 95-98%; after the station, it can be discharged into a roadside ditch. |
| Material | HDPE 10-15 mm thick | HDPE 10 mm thick | |
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 1800×1200×1700 | 810×1430 | 1020×2120 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | — | — | 60 |
| Weight, kg | 130 | 35 | 100 |
| price, rub. | 50500 | 16500 | 42500 |
* This is a model with gravity drainage of treated wastewater. There is a modification with an installed pump for forced drainage. There is also a model with a horizontal design.
** The infiltrator looks like an inverted plastic bath and serves as the boundary of the filtration area of purified wastewater.
Conclusions: Although this manufacturer offers different types of models, it is known more for its sedimentation tanks. The Tank series line is ideal for dacha conditions and, in certain cases, can be used for permanent residence. During production, HDPE with a thickness of 10-15 mm is used, which is not always enough to ensure structural rigidity when installed in difficult soils.
5. “Multplast” – Termite septic tanks
at a price of 25,000 rubles.
The Multplast company specializes in the production of products made of polyethylene and fiberglass: septic tanks, caissons, wells, etc. This manufacturer is known for its Termite and Ergobox product lines. The plant has been operating since 2004 and is located in the Vologda region, Cherepovets. The company has its own warehouses in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and also in the Krasnodar region. They deliver throughout the Russian Federation thanks to a developed dealer network.
Production technologies and range
The equipment is represented by 2 main product lines:
- settling tanks. Produced under the Termite brand. Includes several modifications: Pro – 2- and 3-chamber septic tanks for dachas with low groundwater level; Transformer - the same as Pro, but with one neck (more rigid design); Transformer PR is a modification with a pump for forced pumping of treated wastewater at high groundwater levels. There are also storage models with a capacity of up to 5.5 cubic meters;
- biological treatment stations. Produced under the Ergobox brand. They are modifications of Transformer (PR) models in which a compressor and aerators are installed.
All these products are made using rotational molding from Korean-made HDPE. The result is a durable, seamless structure with developed stiffening ribs. The wall thickness is 20 mm.
| Model | Termite Pro 3.0 | Ergobox 6 S* |
|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For a family of up to 6 people at low ground level, when the soil is sand, sandy loam, loam. | For a family of up to 6 people with a low groundwater level, because the gravity version. The type of soil does not matter. |
| Short description | 3-chamber horizontal settling tank for primary treatment under anaerobic conditions. It is necessary to install a filtration field for wastewater treatment. | 3-chamber VOC in horizontal design with a Japanese compressor and a German pump. Discharge of treated wastewater into a ditch, onto the terrain, into the ground. |
| Material | HDPE 20 mm thick | |
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 2300×1155×1905 | 2000×1000×2100 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | — | 63 |
| Weight, kg | 165 | 137 |
| price, rub. | 52100 | 73700 |
* S – gravity flow. There is a PR modification with a pump for forced pumping out of treated wastewater. It costs 6 thousand rubles. more expensive than the gravity version.
Video demonstrating the installation process of a Termite septic tank. From a short video you will also learn about what diameter the supply pipe should be, whether it can have 90-degree turns, how and where to discharge the treated wastewater, etc.
Conclusions: It’s easy to notice the similarity of products from “Multplast” with products like Tank. All the same pronounced stiffening ribs and simple design. Of particular interest may be versions with a compressor - a simple modification gives the design special properties. However, it must be taken into account that a small number of chambers can lead to poor quality of wastewater treatment and, as a consequence, the need to construct a filtration field or well for additional treatment.
6. “Eurolos” – Eurolos cleaning systems
at a price of 26,000 rubles.
The Eurolos company is a relatively young company; the plant has been operating in the Moscow region since 2015. It gained considerable popularity due to the production of high-quality plastic products: wastewater treatment systems, caissons, grease traps. Deliveries from the manufacturer are carried out from a warehouse in Moscow, throughout the country - through a developed dealer network.
Production technologies and range
Cleaning equipment is represented by 2 lines:
- for individual use. This is Eurolos Udacha - a compact septic tank for seasonal use in the country; Eurolos Eco – 3-chamber settling tank; Eurolos Bio – VOC with pump and ejector; Eurolos Pro – aeration SBO. They are designed for a family from 3 to 20 people;
- for collective use. This is Eurolos Kontus - a modular system for wastewater treatment. Capacity from 20 to 4000 cubic meters per day.
All containers are made from polypropylene sheets 8-10 mm thick. In the Bio model, oxygen is supplied not by a compressor, but by a pump + ejector combination. How this works is clearly shown in the video below.
We also recommend looking at a full review of this treatment station, which explains the principle of operation of the system and the role of each of the components. We focus on the Bio model because it is the most popular among Eurolos buyers.
| Model | Luck | Eco 1 | Bio 5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For a family of 2-3 people with seasonal living and economical use of water. The ground level is low, the soil is sandy loam or sand. | For a family of 5 people for permanent or seasonal use. The groundwater level is low, the soil has good filtering abilities. | For 5 people for permanent or seasonal stay. Any ground conditions. |
| Short description | Compact 2-chamber settling tank. Does not require digging a deep pit. A filter field must be installed. It is also recommended to use bacteria. | Horizontal 3-chamber settling tank with brush loading for breeding colonies of anaerobic bacteria. Additional soil treatment facilities are required. | Vertical VOC of 3 chambers and a biofilter with wastewater circulation throughout the entire circuit. Aeration due to ejector and gushing. Does not require soil purification - wastewater can be discharged onto the terrain or into a ditch. |
| Material | Sheet polypropylene 8-10 mm thick | ||
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 1500×1500×800 | 1000×2000 | 1400×2000 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | — | — | 88 |
| Weight, kg | 69 | 84 | 165 |
| price, rub. | 26000 | 43000 | 71000 |
The kit does not include accompanying structures for arranging a treated wastewater discharge system. An infiltrator will cost an additional 5,600 rubles, a well - from 21,000 rubles, submersible drainage pumps - from 2,900 rubles.
Conclusions: in the range of the Eurolos company you will find solutions for installing local treatment plant with seasonal and permanent residence of different productivity and degree of preparation of wastewater for discharge into the external environment. It should be noted that the basic set of equipment is affordable, however, due to the small thickness of the tank walls, we do not recommend installing such systems in difficult soils where there is a possibility of the structure being compressed.
7. “Ekoprom” – septic tanks Rostock
at a price of RUB 26,800.
The Ecoprom company has been producing products from recycled polyethylene since 2008. The range includes containers for water, fuels and lubricants, septic tanks, grease traps, tanks for shower cabins, etc. Today there are 3 factories in the Moscow and Leningrad regions.
Production technologies and range
2 product lines are designed for local sewerage installations:
- drives. Rostok U sealed containers with a volume from 1250 to 3000 liters.
- settling tanks. These are 2-chamber septic tanks Rostock Mini, Dachny, Zagorodny, Cottage. Volume from 1000 to 3000 liters - this is enough for use by a family of 2-6 people.
All containers are made from recycled materials, which determines their competitive cost. The tanks are made from HDPE using rotational molding. In this case, the wall thickness is 10-12 mm.
Watch a 2-minute video that clearly shows the structure of the Rostock Dachny septic tank and describes the role of each element of the treatment system.
| Model | Rostock Dachny | Rostock Countryside | Rostock Cottage |
|---|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | For 2-3 people. | For 4-5 people. | For 5-6 people. |
| Seasonal residence, low ground level, soil - sand, sandy loam. | |||
| Short description | 2-chamber horizontal settling tank with developed stiffeners. A filter field must be installed. Volley discharge and the use of aggressive chemicals are unacceptable. | ||
| Material | HDPE 10-12 mm thick | ||
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 1680×1115×1840 | 2220×1305×2000 | 2360×1440×2085 |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | — | — | — |
| Weight, kg | 85 | 125 | 160 |
| price, rub. | 33800 | 49800 | 58800 |
The price does not include an infiltrator for constructing a filtration field. This is about another 7,000 rubles. a piece.
Conclusion: Are you looking for the simplest sedimentation tanks for your dacha and their main quality for you is strength, tightness and affordable cost? Then you should consider purchasing a septic tank from Ecoprom. Especially if we are talking about a dacha, and the plot is located somewhere on the outskirts of the partnership. Because the quality of pre-cleaning, due to the presence of only two chambers, leaves much to be desired.
8. “NEP-center” – Eurobion cleaning systems
at a price of 84,000 rubles.
GC "NEP-Center" has been specializing in the production of local treatment facilities for low-rise buildings since 1998. The plant is located in the Moscow region, Kubinka. The company has a powerful scientific and technical base for developments in the field of wastewater and drinking water treatment. Delivery throughout the Russian Federation through the dealer network.
Production technologies and range
All systems are equipped with active wastewater aeration and are allocated general group- aeroseptics. Depending on the model, they can satisfy the needs of 4 to 100 people. According to the company’s engineer-inventor, Yu.O. Bobylev, NEP-Center products are the result of the evolution of the VOC Topas line.
| Model | Eurobion-5 ART | Yubas 5 |
|---|---|---|
| terms of Use | VOC for constant use by a family of 5 people. Any ground conditions. | |
| Short description | 4-section vertical installation with a large receiving chamber capable of withstanding a salvo discharge of up to 390 liters. It features economical energy consumption. Treated wastewater can be discharged onto the terrain. | Vertical station with deeper cleaning. Capable of receiving a salvo discharge of up to 700 liters. Consumes more electricity. It has a complex automation system, which complicates repairs. The wastewater after the system is discharged onto the terrain. |
| Material | Sheet polypropylene 10 mm thick | |
| Size, L×W×H or D×L, mm | 1080×1080×2380 | |
| Electricity consumption, W/h | 39 | 60 |
| Weight, kg | 125 | 270 |
| price, rub. | 85000 | 138000 |
Station maintenance is an important stage of system operation. From the video below you will learn not only how to maintain VOC Eurobion 5, but also how the station is cleaned and what role is assigned to each of its components.
Conclusions: Treatment facilities from NEP-Center have a well-thought-out design in terms of the efficiency of wastewater treatment, but their maintenance requires highly qualified workers. Such systems are excellent for continuous use, but at the same time their cost is higher than their analogues.
9. Trade House "Engineering Equipment" - septic tanks Tver
at a price of 67,900 rub.
The company TD "Engineering Equipment" has been operating since 1992 and specializes in scientific research, production, construction and installation of equipment for wastewater treatment and pumping. The company's product range includes LOS Tver, storm water treatment facilities in Svir, grease traps, and wastewater treatment plants for car washes in the Northern regions. Production is carried out at 4 factories in the Russian Federation.
Production technologies and range
- for private houses. Biological treatment stations made of polypropylene of the Tver-P line are designed for 2-36 users, depending on the performance of the system;
- for residential complexes. Cleaning equipment in a metal or polymer housing with high capacity for 30-1500 people.
- for rotation camps. Container version Tver-S for 6-1000 people;
- in block-modular design. Modular designs Tver-BM with flexible adjustment of wastewater flow by varying the number of connected blocks;
- for solid waste landfills. Specialized Tver-MSW stations in container design for deep treatment of wastewater from solid waste landfills.
All models of Tver treatment systems are energy-dependent installations for seasonal or permanent residence. Polypropylene with a thickness of 5 mm is used as the material for the walls of the containers. The rigidity of the structure is ensured by stiffening ribs and internal partitions.
* There are 7 more modifications of this station, for example, the model with the PN index has a pump compartment with a submersible pump for forced supply of treated wastewater.
The video below provides detailed information about installing a Tver-0.75 PN septic tank. A company representative at a real site explains the structure of the system and the role of each of its elements. Station maintenance is described in detail. If you are thinking about buying this model, be sure to check it out!
Conclusions: Trade House "Engineering Equipment" does not offer a large selection of systems for country houses. The guys simply developed a model that works well and scaled it up. The result is not the most compact water purification station at an average price. The main thing is that it works, right?
Editor's Choice
All the presented manufacturers are good, but we especially want to highlight the following:
- "Aqua Hold". For septic tanks Leopard: a large selection of models of different types, the durable body of which is made of HDPE with a thickness of 25 mm. You can choose a treatment facility for any conditions. There are solutions for dachas, for permanent residence, for low and high groundwater levels, various types soil. Product prices are average for the market.
- "Elite Stroy Invest". For simple septic tanks Tank, which are ideal for a summer residence - durable, reliable, priced from 25,000 rubles.
- Trade house "Engineering equipment". For biological treatment stations Tver. Unlike most VOCs, it not only copes with the task of cleaning wastewater, but is also easy to maintain - no need to call a specialist. This is possible thanks to easy access to each station camera.
FAQ
Here we have collected answers to pressing questions about septic tanks.
What material is the best septic tank?
Factory products for individual use are made from polymer materials: polypropylene, low-density polyethylene (HDPE), fiberglass. They are relatively light, do not corrode, are strong, sealed and durable - all these materials are good.
The only question is to what extent their capabilities are realized in a particular septic tank design. For example, there may be a polypropylene container in which the seams are welded poorly, so it will leak after some time.
The rigidity of the structure is influenced by the thickness of the material and the presence of structural elements: stiffeners and internal partitions. Therefore, if the design is unsuccessful or simply does not suit specific operating conditions, the septic tank can be flattened or torn apart by soil. But the point here is not in the quality of the material from which it is made, but in the design itself.
I can’t decide between a non-volatile septic tank and a biological treatment station with aerators. What's better?
If for a summer residence, choose a non-volatile sump tank, provided that the groundwater level is below 1.5 meters, and the soil itself has good filtering abilities. For example, it is sand or sandy loam. Once a season you will have to do dirty work and remove accumulated sludge from the bottom of the tank, but in general this solution is the most economically feasible and convenient for seasonal living.
For private homes, it is better to buy a system that ensures maximum purity of wastewater leaving the treatment plant. You can’t do without a station with aerators. One of the advantages: the wastewater does not smell after it, it is cleaned so much that it can be poured into roadside ditches. However, this solution is more expensive, and automation and compressors require connection to the electrical network.
Summer cottage near the forest, seasonal accommodation, four people. Recommend a septic tank.
If you need something cheaper and simpler, then consider the Termite Pro 2.0 option. It is very similar to the well-known Tank, but costs only 39,000 rubles. The manufacturer also often has promotions - you can save several thousand.
The filtration field can be set up next to the forest. This is where you will dump wastewater for further treatment. This way you will cause minimal inconvenience to yourself and your neighbors.
At the dacha there is a well from which water is used for food purposes. Which septic tank to choose?
Obviously, a treatment station is required here, after which the wastewater can be discharged into a roadside ditch. If there is no ditch, it can be lowered into the ground, provided that the discharge point must be 50 m from the well.
If the soil does not accept water, then in some cases it makes sense to think about installing a storage tank and then calling the vacuum cleaners.
Will the drains freeze in winter? Is it necessary to insulate a septic tank?
If used constantly, they will definitely not freeze - a kind of bioreactor is constantly working inside, generating heat. In extreme cases, you can insulate it by pouring a layer of straw or leaves on top.
During seasonal use, it is recommended to fill the container 2/3 with drainage, additionally insulating it on top. This way the container will not float up and be crushed. frozen ground. We recommend that you additionally read the instructions for the specific model; the manufacturer may have a different opinion on this matter.
What happens to a volatile water treatment plant if the power goes out?
Typically, such systems are very sensitive to power outages. The compressor pumping air stops working, and after 6 hours the amount of oxygen in the wastewater is significantly reduced. The struggle begins between aerobes and anaerobes. Effluent can begin to ferment due to anaerobes, so after turning on the electricity, normal operation occurs within several days.
Is there a strong smell from the septic tank?
After a regular septic tank there is a strong, characteristic smell of sewage. It can be felt even close to the filtration field, so they are installed in the most remote place.
After systems with aeration, the water is cleaner and does not smell. Unless the station's operating mode is disrupted: exceeding the permissible peak discharge, power outage, use of aggressive detergents.
Installed a septic tank with a filtration field without connecting to the power supply. How to service it?
Once every six months it is necessary to open the container and check the amount of sediment. If it is more than 1/5 of the height of the container, it will have to be removed. Use a bucket or fecal pump for this purpose.
Light fractions will accumulate on the surface of the wastewater. If they form a thick, hard layer more than 5 cm thick, it is also better to remove it in a timely manner, because it can subsequently significantly complicate cleaning the tank.