Yucca garden - secrets of gardeners that you didn’t know about! Features of care, transplantation and propagation of garden yucca All about yucca.

Palm tree South America– Yucca – home care for which includes transplantation, propagation, watering, and protection from various diseases, is a houseplant. As a rule, caring for yucca is based on the preferences and habits established in the homeland of the evergreen tree plant. If you are planning to acquire such a flower, carefully study its features.

What is yucca

Yucca is a genus of evergreen plants belonging to the Agave family, growing in North and Central America. The sword-shaped hard leaves of various yuccas can grow up to 100 cm long, up to 8 cm wide, they form a basal rosette or are often collected in a bunch. Based on the species, the leaf of the plant can be bluish or green, semi-rigid, erect, with smooth or jagged edges. Often the plant is covered with threads, sometimes there are sharp thorns at the tips of the leaves.

During flowering, the yucca palm throws out large peduncles, where many delicate fragrant bells of light shades appear. As a rule, the inflorescences are collected into one large panicle 2.5 m long. At home, the palm tree rarely blooms. The fruit is a dry or juicy capsule. Fiber is extracted from the leaves of some plant species, which is used to make wicker products.

Kinds

The yucca flower is well suited for decorating personal plots, apartments, and is used for the manufacture of medicinal and cosmetic preparations. More than 30 species of palm trees grow in their homeland, often the size of the plants exceeds the trees of the temperate climate of Russia. Flower growers in Europe grow and propagate three decorative type, which perfectly adapt to home conditions and have optimal dimensions for the room. The most popular varieties:

• Elephantis or elephant palm (Yucca elephantipe). The plant got its name because of its thick original stem. The leaves are on top of it, and the trunk gradually becomes bare as it grows. In summer, the tree is decorated with white flowers that look like bells.

• Filamentous (Yucca filamentosa). The plant can withstand up to 20 degrees of frost. Sword-shaped leaves with bright white threads, bent at the top, can reach 60 cm in length. The flower of the filamentous variety has delicate bells up to 7 cm long.

• Aloe leaf (Yucca aloifolia). The palm tree grows slowly and over time begins to take on the shape of a ball. In adult plants, the tree-like stem is well branched; at the ends of the branches there are compacted rosettes of fleshy green leaves.

• Gray (Yucca glauca). The trunk of this flower is short, the leaves are elongated and thin, with light edges. The bells are yellowish or greenish-pale in color. Blue yucca grows normally in the air, withstands drought and moderate frosts well. The leaves can reach 90 cm.

How to care for yucca at home

The palm tree should grow at home on a south window, although if other windows are well lit, you can place the flower next to them. The houseplant yucca grows well in a bright, warm room. A young sprout needs light, but it is better to shade it a little from direct sunlight. During the growing process, you can also use artificial lighting.

The palm tree prefers moderate temperatures in summer and spring, approximately 20-25°C. In winter and autumn – within 8 or 12°C. To improve the appearance of the flower, wash it sometimes in the shower. In summer, the tree can be placed on the balcony, but it must be well protected from precipitation. When placing a flower on outdoors, the place should be dry and bright. In winter, the palm tree needs bright light.

How to water

The plant itself will tell you when to water it. At normal soil moisture and good conditions, the leaves of the flower are straightened. During drought they begin to curl painfully. When caring at home, water the palm tree at such intervals that the soil dries up to half the container. As a rule, the frequency of watering depends on the size of the flower, the characteristics of the soil, the material and size of the pot, humidity and air temperature.

How to water yucca at home in summer? During hot summer times, palm trees need a lot of liquid, so abundant watering using warm water is important, but water the flower only after the soil has dried out. upper layer. In winter, you need to reduce watering, otherwise the roots will begin to rot. Yucca species that are sensitive to dry air need to be constantly sprayed with warm water. To increase humidity, the flower pot should be placed on a tray with gravel, moss, and wet expanded clay. When spraying a plant in the sun, the leaves may become covered with burn spots.

How to seat

Garden species growing in open ground can stay in one place for about 20 years, but indoor varieties are replanted once every two years. With constant feeding, flower growth increases significantly. Young rosettes that have formed can be planted, but this should be done only when they have grown and become stronger. Exist certain rules how to plant yucca:

• transplantation should be carried out in summer or spring;
• choose a pot that is three centimeters larger than the diameter of the roots;
• At the bottom of the container, pour drainage from fine gravel, broken brick, expanded clay (the earth mixture should be medium in grain size);
• carefully remove the flower, being careful not to damage the root system;
• if necessary, water the soil well to soften it;
• Before planting, soak the roots in water for an hour, and then place them in new soil and water;
• Be sure to feed the plant within two weeks.

How to transplant into another pot

A palm tree at home must be replanted into a new pot every two years. The container should be chosen to be stable and spacious, because... the plant has a heavy leaf mass. The drainage volume should be up to 7 cm (about a third of the total soil). For greater weight, gravel can be used, and charcoal should be added to the soil. It is necessary to replant the flower in spring and summer according to the following scheme:

• you need to take a deep, stable pot;
• pour a layer of gravel or expanded clay onto the bottom;
• then a little soil is poured in;
• if the plant is healthy, you can simply transfer it from the old pot along with the earthen lump;
• if there is rot on the roots, you will first have to remove it and cover the cuts with crushed coal;
• When the plant is in a new pot, you need to add soil, compact it and water it with water.

Trimming yucca at home

If you have one stem of an elongated flower, you can trim it at any chosen height. In this case, the diameter of the trunk must be at least 6 centimeters. After pruning, the plant stops growing and the awakening of new buds is stimulated. If the flower has several trunks at once, the shoots must be cut with a height difference of 15 cm. You should get a lush multi-level crown, while the leaves will not shade each other. The sections must be sprinkled with sulfur or charcoal.

How to propagate yucca at home

In its homeland, the flower is bred by seeds; in our area there are no insects that could pollinate the delicate bells of yucca. Breeders use several available methods palm tree propagation, which can easily be done at home. For this procedure you will need an adult plant with healthy vegetative organs or offspring. Yucca propagation at home is carried out in the following ways:

1. Using the top of a palm tree. You can achieve branching of the crown by cutting the plant up to 10 cm long. The cuts should be sprinkled with coal, dried, and the resulting cuttings should be planted in water. Rotten leaves should be removed and charcoal should be added to prevent the spread of bacteria. After small roots appear, the flower is transplanted into the ground.
2. By cuttings. Layers cut from mother bush. You should choose roots with a developed system. For yucca, propagation in this way is easy; caring for seedlings does not require much effort.
3. In a segment. The lower end of the stem must be soaked for a couple of days in a special root formation stimulator, then it must be planted in light soil. A thick piece of flower can be placed horizontally in the sand, halfway deep into the substrate. When sprouts appear, they must be separated and rooted.
4. Seeds. Growing a palm tree this way is very convenient. Soaked fresh seeds should be sown in a mixture of turf soil, earth, sand (1:1:1). Wet soil should be covered with a container or glass. Shoots should appear in a month.

Priming

When transplanting a flower outdoors, it is important not to burn the leaves of the plant under the sun. The purchased seedling must be hardened by taking it out into the open air every day. Do not plant the plant near groundwater. For garden yucca Depressions and dark areas should be avoided. The flower should ideally sit on an elevated place. The holes need to be dug in advance in the fall, making holes slightly larger than the diameter of the roots. It is best to use soil for planting that contains turf, compost, perlite, sand or humus.

The flower can grow in any soil; it is important that the roots have access to air. After filling with soil, you need to carefully compact it so that there is no excess space left. Next you need to pour warm water. Nutritious loose soil with a pH level of 5.5-6.5 is ideal for yucca. It is best to place a small amount of charcoal in the selected soil, and broken brick or river stones at the bottom of the hole.

Pot

The above-ground part of the palm tree is more developed than the root system, so to give the flower stability, it needs to be planted in a large flowerpot, pot or tub. The new container for the plant must be 4 cm larger than the diameter of the roots. In this case, choose the depth of the pot 2 times greater internal diameter. The flowerpot needs to be strong so that it can withstand being carried and not deform when filled with soil. Instructions for transplanting yucca into a pot:

• prepare soil mixture, a new container and make a drainage layer;
• the day before transplanting the flower, you need to water it generously;
• trim off all dry leaves;
• carefully turn the old pot over and gradually remove the earthen lump with the flower so as not to harm the roots;
• pour soil over the drainage layer to such a level that the base of the yucca is 2 cm lower from the edge of the container;
• place the earthen ball with the flower in a new flowerpot;
• Gradually fill in the soil and compact it periodically.

How to root

The cut top of the palm can be easily rooted, and the remaining trunk will grow new shoots over time. Dry the cut of the resulting cutting (expose it to the air for 2 hours), then for rooting, plant the top in damp sand or place it in a bucket of warm water. Place a piece of charcoal there in advance. When rooting, the leaves may rot on the cuttings; they need to be removed and the water changed. After the roots appear, the palm cuttings are planted in the substrate.

How to plant yucca without roots

A palm tree can be grown almost from a stick. To do this, you need to cut off part of a healthy bare trunk and place it horizontally in a pot on the surface of a light substrate or wet sand. Press the barrel in slightly for better contact. In a few days, buds should awaken on it, from which young shoots with roots will gradually begin to form. Next, remove the trunk with shoots from the container, cut into pieces according to the number of shoots, sprinkle the sections with charcoal and air dry. Each part of the palm tree trunk with roots can be planted in an individual pot.

Yucca diseases

A palm tree that receives good care rarely gets sick. Only if handled incorrectly can a bacterial burn or rotting of the trunk or leaves occur. Sometimes the plant turns yellow, but this may be a natural process of development and growth of the palm tree, during which it gets rid of excess leaves. If yellow elliptical spots appear on the flower, which gradually become brown, this indicates the presence of brown spotting.

In winter, the death of a flower is often caused by excessive watering or very low temperatures. As a result of the huge amount of moisture, pests can appear on the flower: thrips, scale insects, spider mites, aphids or caterpillars. If the plant is already affected, you need to remove the cause of the weakening and treat the flower with insecticides, strictly following the instructions. Owners of evergreen beauty often have questions about how to combat various diseases, but before treatment you should study all existing yucca diseases:

• Rot caused by Fusarium fungi. During the disease, the crown is affected, the leaves are susceptible to rot. At the initial stage of the disease, you need to remove the diseased parts of the tree and spray with a fungicide solution.

• Cercospora blight. Oval brown spots appear on the surface of the leaves. With high humidity, the disease can progress. To eliminate the disease, you should reduce watering, do not spray for several days, remove infected stems, and treat the palm tree with a fungicide. Mineral fertilizers should be used for feeding.
• White rot Yucca The leaves of the plant that are close to the ground are most damaged by this disease. When affected, they become discolored and watery. To get rid of the disease, remove the affected tissue and treat systemic fungicides(Fundazol, Rovral).

Video

Yucca is a truly unique plant. Not only does it bring beauty and freshness to the home, but it is also a very multifunctional plant. In addition to the listed, fairly standard properties, yucca can be used for food and in technical production.

She is very unpretentious in care, but you still have to make an effort to get a decent result. Yucca itself comes from North America; few people know about the fact that the first jeans contained fibers from this amazing plant.

Yucca will easily fit into the interior of any home and you will be amazed at how harmoniously it turns out.

You will learn further about how to choose a suitable variety, care for it and much more.

Description of Yucca

Yucca (lat. Yucca)– perennial tree-like plants native to the subtropical zone of North America; It belongs to the agave family and has up to forty species. In the homeland of yucca (Yucca), it is used in different areas. Juice with a high sugar content is obtained from cut yucca flowers.

• Yucca filamentosa produces very strong fibers, from which the first jeans were made, even before the use of cotton.
• Although in the USA, yucca fibers are still added to jeans to this day, which makes them more durable and resistant to wear.
• In addition, paper and rope are made from yucca fibers, and in addition it is used for medicinal purposes.

Yucca- These are evergreen plants with a low stem that either does not branch at all or branches slightly. In some species, the stem is practically invisible, and large ones rise immediately above the ground. beautiful leaves, arranged in a spiral.

The inflorescences are erect, large, up to 2 m long, emerge from the center of the rosette of leaves and look like panicles. Drooping flowers (up to 7 cm long) are bell-shaped and white in color. The 10-centimeter fruit is a box with black seeds (up to 1 cm in diameter).

IN room conditions It is best to place yucca in spacious rooms or hallways, because it grows up to 4 m in height. Externally, yucca looks like a false palm.

Homemade yucca will bloom with white flowers that look like bells, but this will not happen soon, because flowering is possible only in adult specimens.

Indoor yucca is very often used to decorate the interior, and specimens with several growth points - in which the trunk branches - are of particular value.

floristics.info

Types of Yucca domestica

Yucca indoors.

Indoor yucca is grown as an ornamental plant, and it can also be used for medicinal purposes. The plant is similar to a palm tree, its height can reach 4 m, so it is suitable for placement in large halls.

• Planting this type of yucca requires a deep pot with good drainage.
• In summer, yucca is taken out into the open air, in winter it is kept indoors with a cool air temperature and sufficiently bright lighting.
• Indoor yucca will bloom with white flowers after many years.
• It has green, slightly bluish, sword-shaped, linear leaves, collected in a bunch at the top of the trunk.

An incredibly beautiful decorative yucca decorates a flowerbed with its sharp evergreen leaves in the shape of a sword, and during flowering it attracts with a tall peduncle with large white bells.

It can be grown in pots without much difficulty, where it looks very impressive. Young specimens of three years of age are placed in three-liter pots; for an older representative of the agave genus, a ten-liter container is suitable.

Yucca aloefolia.

This is the most popular yucca among amateur plant growers. Its main difference from other species is that it does not have side shoots.

On its tree-like trunk, planted with notches left over from fallen leaves, grow rather hard, green leaves with a bluish tint, collected in the form of two or three sparse rosettes.

They are very sharp, you can even cut yourself on them, so it is better not to keep such plants in places where people move. When choosing this species, you must follow the correct watering regime, and then you will be able to grow a healthy and beautiful tree.

Yucca filamentosa.

The inhabitant of eastern North America takes root well at home because it is resistant to pests and tolerates heat and drought well.

This is a stemless plant with bluish-green leaves with a pointed apex, with edges covered with numerous white, thin, curling threads.

A flower panicle, composed of yellowish-white, drooping flowers, grows approximately 200 cm in height. The fruit has a round shape. The plant grows quickly and likes to produce shoots (stolons). Under the conditions of the botanical garden, breeders managed to obtain several varieties of this species.

Yucca elephant.

This is the most interesting species, its height reaches 10 m. An amazing plant, caring for which consists of doing some simple rules, is widely used in industry and medicine.

Rope is made from strong fibers, and the juice of the leaves of the plant is used as a basis for some hormonal preparations.

Native places of growth of this indoor plant– Mexico and Guatemala. The imported stems are cut into fragments, planted in flower pots, they can be bought at any flower shop.

plants-1.ru

The soil

This plant needs soil whose acidity ranges from 5.7-7.4 pH. It is difficult for yucca to absorb many microelements from alkaline soils. There are two soil recipes for this representative of palm trees.

To prepare the first mixture, you need to mix one part each of compost, sand (perlite), turf land,humus. To prepare the substrate according to the second recipe, you need to mix one part of pebbles or dolomite crushed stone (fraction 1.2 cm), pine bark (2 cm), coarse peat, coarse perlite, charcoal (1 cm), pumice, and 0.1 parts of bone meal.

This composition ensures very good water drainage and prevents soil salinization. It is better to use slowly dissolving granular fertilizers as a fertilizer for yucca. It is better to apply them once a year in the spring.

fb.ru

Lighting

Yucca requires a lot of light and sun. The best place for it is windows facing south, southeast and southwest.

• Good lighting is especially important for young plants to ensure their proper formation. Wherein young plants are more sensitive to sunlight than adults, so in the hottest time they need to be shaded or moved away from the window.
• Lack of light has a detrimental effect on the plant. The shoots stretch out and bend unsightly. The leaves become thinner, turn pale, begin to turn yellow and fall off. The plant is weakened and pests may appear on it, for example, mealybug or spider mite.

Yucca needs enough light in winter too, therefore, during this period it is advisable to organize additional artificial lighting for the plant, increasing the daylight hours to 16 hours a day.

Temperature

During the growing season (from March to September), the comfortable temperature for yucca is 20-24 degrees. In hotter conditions, increased air humidity is necessary (spraying, placing on a tray with wet expanded clay). The higher the air temperature, the higher its humidity should be..

• The problem when caring for yucca at home is the need for winter period(from October to February) provide the plant with coolness, a temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius.
• It's good if there is one in the house suitable premises, for example, a heated loggia where you can place the yucca at this time.
• If not, then place the pot on the windowsill, moving it closer to the glass, and periodically open the window slightly, and if the design of the windows allows, open the doors for winter ventilation.

It must be remembered that yucca tolerates sudden changes in temperature and drafts painfully and sometimes dies from this.

myflo.ru

How to water yucca?

The answer to this question is given by yucca itself. The size and age of the plant, the type of pot and soil, and the time of year affect the frequency and volume of watering.

On average, you need to water a flower once a week. Leaves and soil serve as watering indicators. Leaves bent down in an arched manner indicate that the plant does not yet require watering.

The leaves begin to curl into a tube around the center line, and the ground becomes dry by 5-7 cm - the yucca needs to be watered. Timely watering can be abundant, but the water must be completely absorbed and not flow into the pan.

• If the air in the room is dry in winter or the plant is taken out into the open air in summer, then it can be sprayed about every other day.
• The flower drinks water through its leaves and drops of moisture imitate dew and its natural habitat for it. In any case, sensitive leaves should occasionally be carefully wiped to remove dust.
• Feed the plant only with settled water at room temperature.

Do not allow excess moisture in the soil. Increased soil moisture can lead to disease in the form of grayish-brown spots on the leaves. Diseased leaves will have to be removed, and the flower itself will have to be sprayed with a fungicide.

odelita.ru

Air humidity

Yucca does not require spraying the leaves, but sometimes it is necessary to wash it so that the plant does not become dusty and does not lose its attractiveness. In summer, outdoor rainfall is sufficient. If in winter the yucca is kept in a room with central heating, then it is advisable to spray at least once a day.

• When yucca is sprayed in the sun, spots from sunburn may appear on its leaves.
• For better decorativeness, the plant must be washed from time to time in the shower or under running water, making sure that water does not get on the substrate (for example, cover the pot with polyethylene).
• The most common types of yucca in indoor floriculture - elephant yucca (Yucca elephantipes) and aloe yucca (Yucca aloifolia) - do not require spraying.
• Yucca does not require too much water. In summer, you can water yucca only once a week.

In winter, the number of waterings can be reduced to once every 10 days. In general, the basic rules for watering are as follows: From spring to autumn, the soil is constantly kept in a moderately moist state; it is better to dry out the plant a little rather than flood it.

In winter, the soil should be moistened from time to time, depending on the temperature. The frequency of watering yucca depends on many factors: the size and material of the pot, the size of the plant, the characteristics of the substrate, temperature and humidity.

In the warm season, yucca is watered abundantly - but only after the top layer of soil has dried to a depth of about 5 cm. In hot summers, yucca is watered more often; but do not forget that the soil in the pot should dry out between waterings. Yucca at home should be kept in a nutrient mixture. In this case, a thick layer of drainage should be poured onto the bottom of the pot.

Top dressing

Feeding: once every 2-3 weeks in spring and summer, with an interval of two to three weeks, with a diluted solution of mineral fertilizers. This plant responds well to feeding with infusion of mullein, horse manure, and leaf humus. The best results are obtained by foliar feeding (with a solution mineral fertilizer spray the leaves from the underside).

• You cannot feed the plant immediately after transplantation, or if the yucca is sick.
• In general, it should be taken into account that fertilizing is required only from May to September, i.e. during the period of rapid plant growth.

But in winter, the plant should not only be left alone, but also taken to a cooler room. Optimal temperature for wintering the plant it will be 10°C.

foflowers.ru

YUCCA TRANSPLANT

Replanting a houseplant is done once every two years. When a plant has more than one trunk, it needs to be replanted. And this manipulation is performed in this way:

1. The trunk is divided into several parts along with the root.
2. All cut areas are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon or covered with garden pitch.
3. Each sprout resulting from division is planted in a separate pot.

You can replant indoor yucca at any time of the year. But the most optimal time will be spring. The plant needs to be prepared for transplantation. To begin, cut off a third of the foliage and immerse the root in warm water for a couple of hours.

It is imperative to ensure that the root system is not damaged during replanting. Yucca loves vitamin supplements; they are applied directly to the new soil.

Important. If you follow all the rules of care and planting, a luxurious beauty will grow from a small yucca, which will become the most beautiful decoration of your home.

AFTER THE PURCHASE

When purchasing a plant, it is replanted within two days. A new pot for yucca is chosen a few centimeters larger than the old one.

• The best pots for plants are clay or ceramic pots, thanks to their natural origin and a drainage hole of a suitable size.
• Although containers made of plastic are also successfully used, after making an additional hole in them to drain excess water.
• This type of container is more affordable, and is no worse in use than clay ones.
• When the pot is chosen, planting begins.
• Drainage is poured into the bottom of the container, in the form of fine gravel or red brick broken into pieces.
• Then the prepared soil is poured over the drainage.
• It can be purchased at a specialty store or prepared with your own hands. The main thing is that there is sand.

Carefully remove the yucca from the old pot. The earthen lump present on the root cannot be removed. The plant is placed in a new pot and covered with substrate on the sides, compacting it with a spatula. The planted plant is watered abundantly.

Next, the pot with yucca is transferred to a dark place. And they comply temperature regime+25°С. For a week, the yucca is sprayed three times a day with water. After a week of adaptation, the flower is chosen to have a sunny corner indoors and moved to its permanent place of residence.

For compliance with all conditions, the yucca will thank the owner with luxurious beauty. And it will delight you for many years.

POT SIZE

Every time the time comes to transplant a yucca, you should be guided by one rule when choosing a pot. The old container fits freely in the new container. And in order not to make a mistake with the size, the ideal distance between the pots is no more than three centimeters in diameter.

Yucca grows slowly. And if you choose a larger pot, the plant’s growth will stop for a long period until the root system becomes denser. And first of all, the crown will suffer. After all, the root will take all the nutrients for itself for growth.

TRANSPLANTING YUCCA IN AUTUMN

As described above, indoor yucca can be replanted at any time of the year. But it is better not to replant in the fall, but to give the plant the opportunity to prepare for the rest period.

After all, planting it in a new pot will not give the yucca full sleep, but will force it to give up all its strength to take root in its new place of residence. This will lead to flower disease.

They have been replanting yucca since February. The main thing is to adhere to strict rules so that yucca pleases with its beauty and not with diseases.

Concerning garden plants. Such specimens are planted only in the spring in order to take root well and get used to new conditions.

Yucca cannot be planted in autumn. By frost, it will not have time to grow a root, and may die in frost. And even good insulation will not save it. The main thing for yucca is to observe a period of its slow adaptation to new conditions.

TRANSPLANTING GARDEN YUCCA

Garden yucca, after purchase, is immediately planted in a flowerbed. The site is selected from good lighting and protected from drafts. Planted early in the morning or in the evening, after sunset.

Dig a hole 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide for the young plant. The recess is made 10 cm larger if the plant is mature. The soil for planting is prepared in advance, for this you will need:

• fine gravel;
• sand;
• compost;
• black soil

All components are mixed in equal parts and moisturize. Part of the substrate is poured into the prepared hole, where the yucca is placed and the rest of the soil is poured on top, compacting it with a shovel. Next, a small hole is made around the plant. Settled warm water is poured into it. In the first week after planting, the plant is sprayed daily.

Basically, garden yucca does not bloom in our latitudes. But sometimes exceptions happen. In the first year, the plant will not produce flowers; during this period, the yucca gets used to new conditions. The plant becomes ready for flowering in the third year.

otsvetax.ru

Yucca care in winter

Caring for yucca in winter is significantly different from summer care. Yucca is a light-loving plant and winter time, with insufficient lighting, it may lose its lower leaves.

So in winter you need to choose the most illuminated place in the apartment for it. Caring for yucca in winter is significantly different from summer care.

• It is necessary to water the plant only when adding the top layer of soil in the pot, but you should remember that yucca does not like excessive watering.
• The presence of excess moisture in the pot is completely detrimental to its root system.
• Often, excessive watering leads to rotting of the root system and death of the entire plant.
• Watering should only be done around the circumference of the pot, and when watering, you should avoid getting water into the outlet and between the trunks of the plant, as this can also lead to rotting of the trunks.

In winter, yucca does not need additional spraying and dry air is not harmful to it, although spraying itself does not cause any harm to the plant.

But spraying the plant in direct sunlight is highly undesirable; this can lead to burns on the leaves of the plant; when spraying, it is also necessary to ensure that water does not get inside the rosette of the plant, this can lead to its rotting and death.

myhomeflowers.ru

Reproduction methods

Why is the yucca flower propagated? Often in order to acquire a new copy of this beautiful plant or give it to someone.

You can also propagate elephant yucca, for example, to plant several plants different sizes in one pot so that they create a very impressive composition in the form of several tiers of lush greenery.

It should be remembered that the soil for young yucca rooted using one of the methods described below can be made independently from: leaf soil (2 parts); turf land (2 parts); humus (1 part); sand (2 parts). You can also buy ready-made soil in the store.

It is important to provide the plant good drainage at the bottom of the growing container, and also do not forget to add up to 30% coarse sand to the substrate. Experienced flower growers It is recommended to propagate yucca using one of the following methods: offspring; rooting of the apex; stem cuttings; seeds; air layering.

Reproduction by offspring

With proper care, yucca can have children in the first year of life. Separating root or stem shoots from a false palm tree is even useful - for normal growth and development, you need to ensure that there are no more than five shoots on the plant at the same time.

The process of rooting children is as follows: it is advisable to sprinkle the cuts on the parent tree and on the offspring itself with crushed charcoal; separated shoots must be planted in containers with moist, clean sand, watered and covered glass jar or a plastic bag; It doesn’t hurt to provide young plants with good humidity and a temperature of at least 20 °C.

It is very important to ventilate the “greenhouse” daily and water the plant as needed; root formation will occur in a period of approximately two months; When the yucca has taken root, you need to transplant it into a permanent pot with good soil and pieces of charcoal in it.

Reproduction by rooting the apex

Yucca does not really like to branch and therefore most often grows with one trunk. An adult plant that is well rooted and at least 30 cm high can be forced to branch. To do this, you need to perform the following steps.

In spring or at the very beginning of summer, it is necessary to cut off the top of the yucca, 5 to 10 cm long, with a sharp and clean knife or blade. It is best for the plant to do this during the growth of the moon. It is important to leave as many leaves as possible on the trunk of the yucca that continues to grow in the pot.

All cuts must be sprinkled with charcoal powder. The apical cutting needs to be kept in the air for two hours so that the cut dries out a little. Then you need to plant the cutting in damp sand or place it in cool boiled water.

• To prevent the cuttings from rotting, you can add a little charcoal to the water.
• If the lower leaves of the cutting are rotten, an unpleasant odor will spread.
• These leaves need to be removed and the water needs to be replaced with fresh water.
• It is very important that the stem of the cutting does not begin to rot, so when rooting in the ground you need to water it very moderately.

When the cuttings grow roots, you can plant it permanently. A plant with a cut off top will grow new shoots from awakened buds. Useful information about croton flower propagation will help make this process fun and effective. The unpretentious fern can be propagated vegetatively and by spores.

Propagation by stem cuttings

Yucca can be propagated by cuttings taken from part of the trunk cut from a healthy plant with a bare stem. Next, you need to perform the following manipulations: A piece of yucca trunk must be placed horizontally on the surface of wet sand or loose soil in a pot.

The cuttings do not need to be sprinkled with soil; you just need to press them lightly into the ground. After some time, the dormant buds of the trunk will become active and release new shoots, growing roots along the way. Next, you need to remove the trunk from the sand, divide it with a sharp and clean knife into parts according to the number of shoots, and sprinkle the sections with crushed charcoal.

You need to leave the shoots in the air for a while to dry them a little. Then each shoot must be planted in a separate container with soil. You can also purchase a piece of yucca stem from a flower shop.

To determine the top and bottom, as a rule, the top of the cutting is filled with wax, which must be removed after planting.

Rooting

• Such cuttings root very easily and quickly as follows: to begin with, a piece of stem should be placed with the lower end in a solution of a growth stimulator for two or three days; “Heteroauxin” is perfect for this;
• Next, you need to plant the cutting with its lower end in the ground, lowering it to a depth of 3 to 5 cm;
• the soil in a pot with rooting yucca should always be moist, but not wet; after the first leaves appear, watering should be reduced; Then the yucca should be watered as the earthen clod dries out.

If the cutting purchased at a flower shop is not marked with wax, it must be rooted according to the scheme described above, placing it horizontally on the ground, and then separating the resulting shoots.

Propagation by seeds

In indoor conditions, yucca, as a rule, does not bloom. To form flower buds, the plant needs a long, cold winter outside. However, if the gardener is lucky enough to receive seeds from a flowering plant or purchase them at a flower shop, you can grow yucca from them according to the following scheme.

• It is very important to ensure the freshness of the seeds.
• You need to soak them in warm water for a day.
• Next, you need to prepare a substrate from the following components: 1 part of leaf soil; 1 part of turf land; 1 part coarse sand.
• The container with seedlings must be covered with glass or a plastic bag to create optimal conditions for germination - humidity and heat.
• Every day you need to ventilate the seedlings and wipe the glass with a dry cloth. A month after sowing, you can wait for the first shoots to appear.

Reproduction by air layering

In case of rotting of the roots of an adult and tall indoor yucca, if there are healthy light and hard areas, you can grow new roots for it and propagate it in the following way:

• On the healthy part of the plant 10 cm above the rotten part and at least 60 cm below the top, you need to remove the bark around the trunk in a strip 0.5 cm wide.
• The cut area and the area slightly higher should be covered with damp sphagnum moss and tied with polyethylene on top.
• It is necessary to regularly moisten the moss from a sprayer.
• After two or three weeks, new roots will appear above the bark cut.

For the next two weeks, you need to continue to grow roots in the same conditions, constantly moistening the sphagnum. Next, you need to cut off the top of the yucca with new roots slightly below the place where the bark was removed.

Then you need to sprinkle the cut with charcoal, dry it a little and plant the cutting in a pot with fresh soil mixed with sand. As you can see, propagating yucca is not at all difficult and even exciting.

Caring flower growers who spare no time and some effort can get healthy and beautiful yucca and even use it to create spectacular compositions that are pleasing to the eye and uplifting.

sad-doma.net

Pruning and forming a lush tree

Yucca is pruned before active growth begins in late winter - early spring. It is worth remembering that after this procedure the plant trunk stops its growth. Therefore, it would be advisable to prune the flower when its trunk is at least five centimeters thick.

• For this procedure, use a sharp knife, previously disinfected in alcohol. The cut is made as high as possible from the surface of the earth.
• In order not to damage the growing points, the crown with leaves must be cut off along the entire diameter of the trunk, without breaking off. The cut is treated with crushed activated carbon to avoid the problem of trunk rotting.
• The trimmed plant is placed in a well-lit place with sunlight and systemic watering is provided. A leafless plant should not be watered so often - 2 times a week.

After about 3-4 weeks, dormant buds near the cut will begin to wake up. There can be from 2 to 5 pieces. The flower will begin to actively increase the thickness of new trunks.

On plants with a trunk no thicker than five centimeters, it is recommended to leave two buds. If the trunk is thicker, five buds are left.

The cut top can be rooted in a container with a damp substrate. This way you can get another plant.

letovsadu.ru

Diseases of indoor Yucca

Description of palm pests and diseases

There are many insects that can damage a palm tree. For example, among them:

• thrips;
• caterpillars;
• spider mites;
• scale insects;
• aphids and the like.

The main mistake that can cause infection is overwatering. To revive a palm tree, it is enough to remove the cause that provokes a decrease in natural protection, and also urgently treat the plant using commercial insecticidal preparations. They are used strictly according to the instructions.

Name of the most common Yucca diseases:

• stem rot;
• botrytis mushroom;
• bacterial burn;
• brown spotting;
• gray spotting;
• root rot.

Treating Yucca palm diseases can be difficult, so it's best to put efforts into prevention. It is often recommended to immediately destroy diseased plants without wasting time on their restoration. The absence of problems is a sign of proper care. Under good conditions, the likelihood of disease occurring is almost zero.

The trunk is rotting

Due to oversaturation with moisture, the lower part of the stem often rots. If the plant is affected by stem rot, then the entire trunk becomes soft and covered with red ulcers. Treatment is impossible; usually the palm tree is destroyed.

White spots

Light spots can appear on the foliage from too much light.

• If white mycelium is visible on the stem or adjacent soil, this is a symptom of bacterial burn.
• These are fluffy small formations of white color.
• Then they become hard and dark brown.

Correct agricultural technology is the only preventive method.

Why do the leaves turn yellow and dry?

It has been noticed that as the palm tree grows older, it naturally gets rid of its leaves from below. This manifests itself in the fact that the lower leaves turn yellow. This yellowness is normal. The fact is that there are also painful spots - they are initially yellow oval.

Then they change. After the yellow ones, you can see brown spots on the Yucca and this indicates brown spotting. To cure a plant from brown spots, you need to use purchased products, but first you will have to organize care.

Many people are interested in why leaves turn yellow in winter. This is due to frequent watering, which the plant does not require at this time of year.

• There is also a problem: the leaves of the Yucca palm dry only at the bottom of the plant. Apparently she's going to dump them. In most cases this is the norm.
• You need to think about why indoor Yucca is drying out if the leaves above are also suffering, since this may be a sign of a lack of lighting and a too hot climate.
• Dryness may occur along with yellowness. When dryness affects only the leaves at the tips, increase the humidity environment palm trees, as well as regulate care in general.

Falling leaves

The only normal thing is that the leaves fall at the very bottom. When a plant loses other foliage, it indicates improper moisture conditions. We advise you to review the watering schedule and eliminate errors. If the roots are not dead, then the plant can be brought back to life.

No flowering

The palm tree usually does not bloom in apartment conditions like individual species animals refuse to give birth to offspring in captivity. Flowering can be achieved by growing Yucca in ideal conditions, where everything is calculated to the smallest detail. All surrounding data should be as close to nature as possible. Then, perhaps, the palm tree will give its owner flowers - wonderful panicles with bells.

So, let's summarize. Indoor Yucca loves temperatures from 8 to 20 degrees, grows comfortably in bright light and moderate watering. Prefers high humidity air and light, well-drained soil. We feed the palm tree in spring and summer, replant overgrown specimens, and propagate by stem cuttings. Flowering occurs rarely, so you can’t count on this miracle at home. That's all we wanted to tell you about the home palm tree, grow it for your health, it is very aesthetic and looks exotic in the apartment.

mixfacts.ru

Chemical composition and medicinal properties of yucca

The chemical composition of yucca is as follows:

• • steroid saponins– have antifungal properties, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergenic effects, anti-edematous effect, reduces cholesterol levels in the blood;
  • enzymes– take part in metabolism;
  • antioxidants– take part in metabolism, neutralize harmful substances in organism;
  • mucus– have an enveloping effect, a carrying effect, they are used for gastritis, ulcers, and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • anthraquinones– have anti-inflammatory, astringent and laxative effects on the body;
  • zinc– participates in the synthesis of proteins, enzymes, fats, increases the absorption of vitamin E in the body, regulates blood sugar levels, strengthens dental bone tissue, maintains healthy skin;

Vitamins

• selenium– has antioxidant properties, improves the absorption of vitamins E, C, protects nucleic acids from damage, and is beneficial for muscles and blood vessels. Increases immunity, helps in the fight against viruses, and in combination with iodine ensures normal functioning of the thyroid gland;
• vitamin A– participates in the synthesis of enzymes, sex hormones, rhodospin in the retina;
• vitamin C– improves immunity, participates in the synthesis of collagen, cartilage tissue and has antioxidant properties.

Yucca leaves contain large amounts of sapogenins and aglycones. In addition, they contain steroidal saponin in an amount of 1-2%; it is a stereoisomer of sarsapogenin.

Yucca flower extract contains zinc and selenium, steroid sapogenins, and carbohydrates.

The root of the plant has many saponins, which stimulates the production of cortisone in the body and is responsible for the anti-inflammatory qualities of the plant. The root also contains folic acid, vitamin E, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper.

Important! When grown indoors, yucca blooms extremely rarely. Therefore, when it becomes consistently very warm outside, it needs to be taken out into the fresh air. Over five years of observing this condition, the plant will accumulate the necessary substances to bloom.

How to prepare and store medicinal raw materials from yucca

• The yucca flower has medicinal properties, so different parts of it are harvested to later be used as raw materials for medicines.
• Yucca leaves have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. They must be harvested before and during the flowering of the plant.
• Cut leaves are laid out thin layer on the surface, leaving to dry in the sun. They need to be stored in a well-ventilated area.
• IN industrial scale Yucca harvesting is done mechanically. The collected leaves are dried on currents and stored in well-ventilated areas for up to 5 years.

Root

Yucca root has many useful substances, so it is also prepared. The root of an adult plant should be used to prepare medicine. When digging up roots, you must remember that they go 50-70 cm into the ground. You need to dig them as deep as possible so that the yucca root system is not damaged.

Yucca blooms in the 3rd year of its life. This occurs between late June and August. At this time, you can collect the flowers of the plant to harvest raw materials for medicine. Dried yucca flowers are stored in a ventilated area.

Did you know? In order for yucca to overwinter and survive, when cold weather sets in, you need to tie its leaves into a bunch. With this technique, the top will not freeze, and the leaves will not break under the wet snow. The roots of the plant go deep, so they are not afraid of either cold or heat.

The use of yucca in folk medicine for diseases

The range of effects of yucca on the body is very wide. This plant is used for the treatment of a large number of diseases: arthritis, gout, intestinal polyps, prostatitis, flatulence, low blood pressure, etc.

IN folk medicine Yucca is used to combat problems such as dry itchy skin, eczema, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, lichen planus. For viral rashes, the juice of yucca leaves is effective.

Important! People suffering from urolithiasis and cholelithiasis are contraindicated to take medicines from yucca.

Inflammatory processes

Yucca is useful for inflammatory processes such as arthritis, arthrosis, gout, bursitis. For this purpose the following is used recipe:

• crushed yucca roots - 1 tablespoon;
• water – 500 ml.

The crushed roots are poured with water and boiled for 15 minutes. The decoction should be left for an hour, after which you should drink half a glass 3 times a day.

Eczema and psoriasis

To treat psoriasis, eczema and neurodermatitis, yucca should be taken according to the following recipes:

• fresh yucca leaves – 50 grams;
• water – 3-4 liters.

The leaves are poured with water and brought to a boil. After cooling, the decoction is applied in the form of lotions to the affected areas of the skin..

• Fresh yucca leaves – 10 grams;
• rendered lard – 100 grams.

Mix melted lard with leaves, heat the mixture in a water bath for 5-6 hours. Filter through cheesecloth and pour into a jar. After cooling, the ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin.

Gastrointestinal tract

Yucca has a good effect on the body for peptic ulcers. For treatment apply leaves of the plant - 10 grams; they are filled with water - 500 ml. The mixture is brought to a boil. This decoction should be drunk 3 times a day.

In this way, peptic ulcers, gastritis, Crohn's disease, and intestinal inflammation can be cured.

Diabetes

With the help of yucca, diabetes is treated. Preparations containing extracts of this plant, sold at the pharmacy. You can also prepare a decoction of yucca at home.

For the yucca decoction at diabetes mellitus will be needed plant root and stem. You can also use flowers as they contain zinc.

Raw materials in the amount of 50 grams are poured with 3-4 liters of water, boiled and the broth is allowed to cool, after which it is taken orally.

Prostatitis

To get rid of prostatitis with the help of yucca, you will need to prepare mixture, which includes:

• crushed yucca roots;
• burdock;
• Aralia Manchurian;
• hydrangea.

Take 2 tablespoons of the mixture, add 500 ml of water, bring to a boil, and boil for 15 minutes. The decoction needs to be left for 1-1.5 hours and drunk 3 times a day, half a glass. Treatment lasts a month.

Use in cosmetology

Extracted from yucca extract, which has a healing, bactericidal effect. The flower extract of the plant is rich in zinc, selenium, and sapogenins, so it is added as an ingredient to some cosmetic products for skin and hair care.

How is yucca used in industry?

Yucca is used in light industry in the USA. Filamentous yucca is grown as industrial plant for the production of strong fibers. These fibers are added to cotton to make denim. Yucca fibers make jeans more durable.

• The fibers of this plant are also used in the production of ropes, brushes, fishing tackle, burlap and in the production of paper.
• Yucca leaves contain steroidal sapogenins, due to which the plant is used in the manufacture of hormonal corticosteroid drugs.
• There are diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, and yucca, due to its pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, is used as a raw material in the latest drugs for the treatment of joints.
• It is also included in preparations for the treatment of skin diseases - fungi, acne and other lesions.

Thus, yucca is used in industrial medicine.

Another industrial use of the plant is A natural red dye is extracted from the root.

Contraindications for use

Yucca contains substances that break down into simple compounds that can cause harm to humans. One such connection is hydrocyanic acid, which, with prolonged consumption of yucca as food, can lead to myelopathy and parasthesia.

A single consumption of 400 grams of yucca roots provides a lethal dose of hydrocyanic acid for humans.

Possible by-effect Yucca when taken and used:

• nausea;
• vomit;
• stomach upset;
• diarrhea.

During the period of my work as a landscape designer, I gained enough experience to competently advise this or that plant.

There are specific plants that are rarely used for landscaping gardens, but there are universal ones that fit well into any landscape. I consider garden yucca to be just such a universal plant - I’ll tell you about planting and caring for it in the article.

Yucca is a tree-like shrub that belongs to the Agave family. Plant leaves characteristic structure: they are very coarse, elongated, sword-shaped. The leaves are arranged in a circle, in the middle of which a flower rosette is formed. Photo of the plant on the website.

The color of the foliage has a bluish or calm green tint. In the center there is a peduncle: quite large, with pinkish or white flowers.

Yucca flowers are very beautiful - they look like large bells and are located multiple times on the plant. After the flowers fly around, a fruit-achene is formed in their place. During the season, from 80 to 170 flowers bloom on one plant.

Kinds

Modern science has discovered about 30 species of yucca. Among them there are real giants, growing more than 10 meters in height, and there are also compact herbaceous shrubs. Most species can only grow in southern or tropical climates, so in Russia yucca is represented by only two varieties:

• gray;
• filamentous.

Let's talk more about these types.

filamentous

Of the two varieties presented, this one is more popular. In addition, many interesting and very decorative plant varieties have been bred based on filamentous yucca.

This plant has practically no stem. The rosette is located almost level with the soil, surrounded by large, hard leaves sticking out into different sides. Very similar to a palm fan, only without a trunk.

Yucca filamentous blooms: the flowers are lush, white-cream in color, multiple. The shape of a yucca flower resembles a bell.

Gray

Outwardly it resembles the previous variety. However, its leaves are narrower and longer, shaped like needles. The foliage is faded, as if faded, a little bluish.

The peduncles are tall, strewn with yellowish delicate bells. Externally, the flowering plant resembles a candle - very beautiful and decorative. Flowering can be observed in the second part of the summer season.

Landing

Let's consider the main features of rooting.

Hardening

It is not advisable to plant the plant immediately in the garden. First, it is recommended to harden off the yucca to allow the plant to adapt.

To do this, the yucca is taken outside for a while, making the procedure longer every day.

Selecting a location

We recommend choosing a bright area in the garden, on a hill, for the yucca. It is undesirable to plant the plant in the shade and in lowlands, since in such conditions the decorative properties of yucca are greatly affected. With a lack of light, yucca foliage becomes very elongated, and in variegated varieties it turns pale.

Yucca can grow in full sun without any problems - in places where more delicate garden plants cannot be found. Therefore, if you have such an unused area in your garden, feel free to plant a yucca there - and the landscape will be transformed.

The site should be protected from drafts - the southern plant does not like cool breezes. In addition, strong gusts break the fragile flower stalks of the yucca.

The soil

The soil on the site should be loose and not too clayey. Calcareous, chernozem, sandy and rocky soils are best suited for this plant.

Dense, clay soil in this case will not work. But if the soil on your site is clayey, you can make it looser by adding sand and peat.

Garden yucca does not like excessive waterlogging. Therefore, it is undesirable to plant it in places with close groundwater. In a low-lying area, it is recommended to raise the yucca flower bed.

Temperature

The plant will feel good without sudden temperature changes, in stable conditions. The optimal temperature for growing garden yucca is considered to be from +15 to +22 degrees. However, yucca can withstand temperatures up to +35 degrees and very dry air.

Site and pit preparation, planting

If the plant is young, the hole is dug small, but with a reserve. If the plant is three years old, the dimensions of the recess should be from 70 to 100 cm on one side. A hole is dug 40-50 cm deep.

The site for spring planting must begin to be prepared in the fall. A drainage layer of coarse gravel and two handfuls of wood ash are poured into the bottom of the dug hole.

It is better to plant in May, since by this time the average daily temperature reaches +10 degrees in most regions. The plant is placed in a hole, its roots must be straightened and carefully sprinkled with soil.

Important: the root collar of the plant should be flush with the edge of the recess.

Water the plant and mulch the root circle with dry soil. The measure will help keep the soil moist for a longer period, and will also rid the yucca of weeds.

Aftercare

Let's learn how to care for yucca in the garden.

Watering

Moistening the soil is necessary regularly, but not too often. The plant does not tolerate excess moisture. Therefore, it is recommended to water only when the top soil layer has thoroughly dried.

You can also spray the leaves if the weather is too dry. Perform this procedure in the evening or in the morning so that the leaves are not damaged.

Loosening, mulching

After watering, it is advisable to loosen the soil in the garden bed to make the soil more permeable. At the same time, remove any weeds that appear. Keep in mind that yucca will grow much worse in dense soil overgrown with weeds. Mulch to reduce moisture evaporation. Sawdust and leaves are used as mulch.

Top dressing

Additional nutrition is added twice during the growing season. Mineral complexes for succulents should be used.

The first time fertilizing is applied at the beginning of the growing season in May, the second time - after the yucca has bloomed.

Transfer

If yucca has been growing in one bed for a long time, it needs to be replanted. Changing the place of residence has a beneficial effect on the growth and flowering of the plant.

Usually transplanted after 3-4 years of growth in one place. It is not advisable to carry out the procedure more often. You can tell that the time has come by the appearance of the plant: the leaves turn pale, the rosette becomes wrinkled.

Plant the plant in a place that has similar conditions to the old one. It is recommended to perform the procedure either in spring or late summer. It is necessary to dig very carefully so that the roots are not damaged.

Why doesn't it bloom after transplanting? Because the flowering of the plant after this procedure occurs only in the next growing season.

Wintering

The plant is quite frost-resistant, despite its southern origin. Without shelter, yucca can withstand short-term frosts down to -25 degrees. But if in your region frosts drop lower in winter, for example in the Moscow region, you should prepare the plant for wintering more carefully.

Interestingly, even if the yucca freezes, it still survives. The plant may not bloom this year due to freezing of the flower buds, but next year it will recover completely.

They prepare for wintering around the end of October. The leaves are tied together with twine, thus covering the flower rosette from freezing and snow.

Then the root zone is mulched with organic materials: peat, leaves, humus. For the south, this is enough, but in colder regions, covering yucca for the winter should also include burlap and agrofibre thrown over top.

Reproduction

At home, garden yucca is usually propagated vegetatively. You can also use seeds, however, this method is much more troublesome and time-consuming.

Vegetative propagation involves the following options:

• dividing the bush;
• cuttings

Dividing the bush

This is a simple method that is usually used during the next transplant. Only adult yucca can be divided. The optimal time for the procedure is considered to be spring: late April-May.

The procedure involves cutting the plant into several parts and then planting each part in a new separate place.

Cuttings

The method is also quite simple and can be used at any time. For cuttings, only healthy, strong shoots are used, preferably apical shoots. We recommend carrying out the procedure in the spring.

It is necessary to cut the shoot at an acute angle and treat the cut area with a fungicide solution. Then dry the cuttings a little and plant them in the ground, insulating them with polyethylene on top. The cutting takes root in about 20 days.

So, we learned what garden yucca is, as well as how to care for it. This wonderful shrub can add an exotic touch to any garden landscape. Growing yucca is not difficult - even a beginner can handle it. And the unique appearance of the plant and its unpretentiousness will appeal to absolutely everyone.

More and more gardeners prefer to grow exotic plants on their plots. Among them there are real unpretentious specimens that can bloom in any conditions, for example, yucca (yucca).

Yucca is a spectacular flower that is resistant to climatic conditions and soil quality. If you follow the planting rules and proper care, garden yucca blooms profusely and for a long time, grows quickly and develops in a new place. From the article you will learn how to grow this unusual plant in open ground on a personal plot.

Yucca garden is an exotic plant of the Agave family. Represented by a perennial tree-like shrub. The leaves are sword-shaped, growing in a spiral and forming a characteristic rosette. They are painted in a rich green or bluish color and can grow up to 100 cm. During the flowering period, a white or beige peduncle is formed in the center of the rosette, slightly drooping down.

In one season, 80-170 bell-shaped flowers can bloom, reaching a length of 7 cm and a width of up to 5 cm. Flowers can be used as food; they are often used in cooking and to create animal feed. IN comfortable conditions Yucca produces a seed fruit. Two varieties of this plant are used for growing in the garden:

• Yucca gray. It can be distinguished by its long leaves and short trunk. Thin green leaves have a slightly white edge. The flowers are represented by long and finely branched inflorescences of a yellowish tint (see photo). The plant is unpretentious to soil quality and can grow quietly even in sand. Tolerates the most unfavorable climatic conditions, but can die in high humidity;

• Yucca filamentosa. The leaf blade is sword-shaped and up to 70 cm long. The edges of the leaves are framed by beautiful protruding threads and slightly bent. (see photo) The peduncle can reach a length of up to 2.5 m and is represented by drooping light-colored flowers. This is a frost-resistant variety of the crop; the plant can tolerate cold down to -20 o C.

Even upon purchase planting material You need to carefully read the description of the species and variety, and also look at the photo. As a rule, the packaging with seeds and seedlings contains a detailed description of the plant. This is only important for choosing the appearance; caring for yucca varieties is no different.

Selection of location and conditions of detention

Yucca is one of the most unpretentious garden plants. It is able to bloom and bear fruit in drought and frost. To achieve abundant flowering, active growth and rich color, it is extremely important to comply with planting conditions and proper care. Below we will look at the key points of growing outdoor yucca.

Lighting and location

Yucca, like other members of the family, prefers well-lit places, but can also bloom in partial shade, especially when planted in sunny regions. Lack of light negatively affects the condition of the leaves - they stretch upward strongly, and the structure of the leaf plate changes.

In variegated yucca species, if there is insufficient lighting, the leaves may begin to turn pale and the rosettes may loosen. In addition, protection from the wind is required, since this is a tall plant that can break in strong gusts.

There are no soil requirements for planting; yucca is unpretentious to the quality and composition of the soil, but when planted in acidic substrates, the quality of flowering deteriorates. Before planting, it is advisable to add organic matter, to which the plant responds well. If there is a lack of minerals in the soil, flowering may be delayed for several years.

Temperature

Like other exotic plants, yucca feels best at stable warm air temperatures (15-22 o C). However, most varieties of the plant can easily tolerate extreme heat and cold. Before planting, it is advisable to wait until the end of spring, when the air temperature is stable at 10 o C.

The quality and abundance of flowering depends more on proper care and timely feeding. Despite the fact that yucca is frost-resistant plant, in winter it is recommended to cover the bush, especially when grown in cold regions with high air humidity (Siberia, the Urals or Karelia).

Air and humidity

Drafts and high humidity are the main problems when growing yucca. The plant does not tolerate moist soil and air well - the growth rate deteriorates, the leaves begin to change structure and color.

It is for this reason that it is advisable to plant the flower next to the fence, and also add sand to the soil when planting. The amount of watering depends on the growing season, but yucca should absolutely not be overwatered.

Priming

Yucca can bloom in any soil. Important condition– the root system has access to air, so you should not plant in a dense substrate or on a clay area. Before planting, clean soil must be added to the soil. river sand, and then dig it up to the depth of a spade bayonet.

Drainage (expanded clay, sand or gravel) should be added to the planting hole to avoid moisture stagnation. It is not recommended to plant the flower in lowlands and near a body of water, where there is increased soil moisture and soil density.

Care

Yucca is considered one of the most unpretentious exotic garden plants. Even in unfavorable conditions it is possible to achieve active growth and lush flowering. To make the flower look healthy and regularly delight you with its beautiful flowers, minimal maintenance should be observed.

Watering

When growing outdoor yucca, you should be careful about watering. The plant does not tolerate high humidity, reacting to excess water by changing the color of the leaf blades and deteriorating the structure of the rosette. Watering should be moderate as the top layer of soil dries. When there is an excess of moisture, the roots rot, and when there is a lack of moisture, the leaves curl, and in filamentous varieties the threads droop.

You can use rain, melt or remaining water warm temperature. To enhance growth, you can add a little biostimulant with an increased nitrogen content every 2 weeks. It is advisable to water the plant at the root so that no excess moisture remains on the surface. During flowering and in dry weather, it is recommended to additionally spray the leaves with cool water.

Top dressing

In the first two years of life it is necessary to use comprehensive mineral supplements for succulents or exotic plants. Fertilizer is applied for the first time in May before the beginning of the growing season, and then in the fall after flowering ends. This scheme must be followed for the first two years of growing a flower.

Starting from the 2nd year of life, you can add organic matter (a solution of mullein or bird droppings, compost). An adult yucca is fed in the second half of April, and a few weeks before the growing season (the first ten days of June), 30-40 g of superphosphate should be poured up to the roots. There is no need to water the mixture, since after rain it will naturally fall into the soil.

Pinching, pinching and pruning

The pruning procedure is necessary to rejuvenate the plant, as well as stimulate active growth. In addition, shoots and seedlings after pinching can be used for subsequent planting - yucca takes root well if the temperature conditions are met.

It is advisable to prune in the spring after removing winter shelter, or in the fall after flowering ends. Since there is only one growth point on the plant, when the stem is trimmed, its development completely stops, but it starts again when the dormant buds awaken. Step-by-step trimming algorithm:

1. Two days before the procedure, you need to completely stop watering.
2. The trunk is cut off with a clean and sharp knife or pruning shears so that the condition of the bark at the cut site is not disturbed. The cut should be made 7-9 cm below the level of leaf growth.
3. After 10-15 minutes, treat the cut with a solution of potassium permanganate and sprinkle with charcoal. It is also recommended to apply a garden varnish to reduce the likelihood of infection.
4. New shoots should normally appear after 14-20 days. In comfortable conditions, up to 5 young shoots appear on the plant.

The trimmed part can be used for subsequent planting. To do this, the shoot is transferred to a less illuminated place and deepened into sandy soil. After rooting, the seedling is transplanted to a permanent place.

Loosening, mulching

The area next to the yucca needs to be regularly loosened and weeds removed. The procedure is important for the root system, since the flower does not grow well in dense soil. Loosening is carried out at least 3 times per season, as a crust forms on the soil surface.

At the same time, mulching can be carried out to retain moisture and reduce the growth of unnecessary plants nearby. Sawdust or fallen leaves are used as mulch.

Transfer

To enhance growth and abundant flowering, an adult plant that has been in one place for more than 3-4 years must be transplanted to a new place. You can understand the need for transfer by looking at the state of the outlet and the sheet plates. They become dull and the color intensity decreases. The rosette becomes loose, wrinkles and threads appear.

The procedure is best carried out in spring or autumn so as not to disturb the yucca during the growing season. You need to dig up the flower very carefully so as not to damage the powerful root system. It is best to transfer the plant along with a lump of earth into a previously prepared planting hole. After transplantation, you should fertilize the yucca with a complex composition. After this, flowering will occur only next year.

Reproduction

Yucca can be propagated by seeds or vegetative way. Using seeds is less effective because they do not always sprout, the plant develops slowly and does not bloom for a long time. Vegetative propagation is possible in the following ways:

• Dividing the bush. The simplest method, often used during transplantation. The procedure is carried out only on an adult plant. The optimal time is late spring (late April - early May). During the replanting process, you need to separate the root shoots and shoots and roots, and then plant them in a new place.
• Cuttings. As planting material, you need to use strong and healthy apical shoots of small size, since a large tip of the stem does not take root well. In spring, a healthy shoot is cut at an acute angle and the cut is treated with a fungicide. After this, it is dried for up to 30 minutes in the shade and planted in moist, prepared soil in a large container. Cover the top with glass or film. Rooting occurs within 20 days, after which the yucca can be transplanted to a permanent location.

After transplantation, the plant should not be fed for 14 days, so as not to worsen the rooting process. However, moderate watering should be observed, and the plant should be covered when frost occurs. Caring for a grown plant is standard for this flower.

Landing

Yucca is planted by cuttings or shoots in the spring, when there is no threat of night frosts, or in the fall. In this case, the flower must be prepared for winter. It is not recommended to propagate by seeds, since in the middle latitudes of Russia it is difficult to achieve harmonious growth. Landing algorithm:

1. After purchasing planting material, the plant must first be hardened off. To do this, the seedling is taken out onto the street or balcony, first for 1-2 hours, gradually increasing the time by 1 hour every 2 days.
2. Yucca is planted in individual holes 70x70 cm and up to 50 cm deep. Drainage (gravel or coarse sand) should be laid at the bottom and 50 g of wood ash should be added. Then the bush is carefully planted in the prepared place and covered with substrate.
3. After planting, the young plant needs to be watered moderately and mulched.

Work should be carried out with thick gloves to avoid injuries and cuts - yucca leaves are very sharp. In a favorable climate, the plant can comfortably stay in one place for up to 15 years. Flowering begins only at 2-3 years of age.

Diseases and pests

Yucca has strong resistance to diseases and pests. In comfortable conditions and subject to proper care, problems during cultivation are extremely rare. Most dangerous insects for the flower - mealyworm, spider mite and scale insect.

The presence of pests can be determined by characteristic brown or white spots on the leaves, slower growth and lack of flowering. When the first signs of pests appear, you should thoroughly wipe the leaves and treat the plant with a complex contact insecticide.

Among the diseases, fungal infections are the most common. They lead to softening of the stem and the appearance of small spots on sheet plates. It is advisable to remove the affected parts of the yucca, and then treat the soil and leaves with a synthetic fungicide.

Wintering

Sheltering garden yucca for the winter is required only when grown in middle and latitude conditions, as well as in the north. In warm regions, the plant can easily tolerate mild frosts. Winter preparation process:

1. At the end of October or beginning of November, you need to collect all the leaves and cover them with tape along the entire length so that you get a voluminous column.
2. The flower is wrapped in thick fabric, agrofibre or burlap. It is recommended to put a narrow wooden box without a bottom on top.
3. The box should be lined with hay, spruce branches or shelves on top and on all sides.
4. The structure needs to be covered with film, especially if you start the gardening season late.
5. Plants up to 2 years old are very sensitive to moisture, so in early spring you need to remove excess snow, avoiding water getting into the root system.

The winter shelter from the yucca is removed starting in the second half of March, when the snow begins to melt. Dry leaves left over from winter can be used as mulch. It is recommended to leave the burlap until April, when stable warm weather has not established itself.

Yucca (Yucca or Jukka) - this palm-like exotic plant actually has absolutely nothing to do with palm trees. This tree of the agave family naturally grows in subtropical and tropical climates. In warmer regions of Russia it can grow in open ground, and in temperate climate it must be protected from the cold during the winter.

In natural conditions, it is a large bush covered with large thick leaves. Lower leaves over time they dry out and fall off, which is why the yucca becomes similar to a palm tree in the structure of the trunk and the cap of hard long leaves at the top.

Exists in nature for about 30 various types this plant. The two most popular for growing at home are:

Yucca elephant

This plant is native to Central America. It grows quite slowly, growing from 4 to 8 meters in height. By old age, the thick trunk of the yucca becomes like a huge elephant's leg, which is why it got its name - elephant yucca.

The plant has long, stiff leaves, up to one meter long, with jagged edges and a fibrous, rough texture.

This type of yucca is unpretentious in cultivation, adapts to different conditions and will withstand the care of even a completely inexperienced botanist. The plant is able to adapt to life in the most cramped conditions of a small city apartment.

Yucca blooms extremely beautifully. Yucca inflorescences are long, reaching two meters, and grow directly from the basket. Lush panicles of bell-like white very beautiful flowers resemble bouquets, each up to 7 centimeters long. After flowering, boxes with black seeds inside are formed. However, at home, achieving yucca flowering is a rare case.

The homeland of this plant is the subtropical part of North America. Distinctive features it has the following: leaves up to a meter long, bluish-green in color with a white border along the edge and slightly fibrous in structure. It has a very short trunk, so it looks like the leaves are growing straight from the ground. Over time, as it grows, this yucca becomes like a large ball with thick, wide leaves.

This plant is less common in urban apartments and requires some preparation from the owner of an exotic specimen.

Care

Once in new house, the plant needs to acclimatize. It is best to replant it in a new pot of slightly larger diameter with new soil. We must try to provide the plant with sufficient drainage, at least 5 cm. To do this, you need to lay gravel or expanded clay on the bottom of the pot.

When planting, you should try not to deepen the stem by more than 3 centimeters, so as not to provoke its rotting.

Illumination, temperature, humidification

Of course, coming from southern latitudes, yucca needs good lighting. This especially applies to young plants. With the arrival of warm days, yucca can be placed on a balcony or open area.

However, care must be taken to ensure that there are no drafts or sudden changes in night temperatures. In winter, the plant needs additional lighting. It is believed that it is precisely because of insufficient lighting that yucca cannot bloom in an apartment.

Yucca is a subtropical plant, so the temperature in summer for it can reach 26 -30 degrees, and in winter - about twenty. It is very important to prevent sudden temperature fluctuations in winter. A window open next to a plant at night can destroy it.

Under different temperature conditions, yucca requires different levels of soil moisture. Yucca is adapted to arid conditions and therefore it is necessary to focus on the age of the palm and the size of the pot.

For small plant A small amount of water is enough, but every day, while for a large plant, watering once every two weeks is enough.

During the hot summer months, watering is done approximately once a week, and as temperatures drop, watering is reduced. When the temperature drops to 18 degrees, watering is reduced to once a month.

In this case, you can focus on the condition of the top layer of soil in the pot. You need to make sure it is dry before watering.

When watering, you must follow some rules:

• If there is water in the glass pan after watering, it must be poured out to prevent rotting of the root system;
• After watering, make sure that the top layer of soil does not remain wet for several days, and if this happens, it is necessary to loosen the hardened soil and allow the water to be completely absorbed;
• It is imperative to monitor the condition of the soil when the humidity level in the house changes. If the humidity has increased, then watering should be reduced so that the roots of the plant do not begin to rot.

Top dressing

The palm tree does not require special feeding. The plant is fed in the summer; there is no need to fertilize it in winter.

Can be used as fertilizer liquid means for palm trees.

As the root system grows, the plant must be periodically replanted into a larger pot. It is recommended to carry out this procedure every two years, changing the pot to a larger one.

During transplantation, you must handle the roots of the plant with care. If they are injured, the yucca will then be sick for a long time and may even die. It is better to carefully transfer the plant along with the earthen ball to a new place to reduce stress for it.

Trimming

Palm trees are pruned mainly for aesthetic purposes, to give the desired shape or rejuvenate. It is good to carry out such manipulations in the spring. When cutting a branch, you need to make sure that it is cut and not broken off, so as not to damage the growing points.

The cut is treated with crushed coal to avoid rotting. Cut branches are not thrown away because they are propagation material.

Diseases and pests

The condition of its foliage will tell you about yucca diseases. If their color or shape changes, this indicates a problem. The palm tree copes with diseases easily, just don’t let it get damaged.

Symptoms:

• The leaves become covered with large dark brown spots. This means that they are infected with a fungus that is caused by too much water in the soil or moist air in the apartment.

Diseased leaves are cut off, and the palm tree should be placed in a drier place and watering and spraying should be stopped for a while.

• The stem of the plant began to rot. Again, the reason is due to excess moisture and lack of fresh air flow.

Here you need to look at how running the process is. If pruning the affected areas does not produce results, then this palm tree will have to be destroyed so that it does not become a source of disease for other house plants.

In general, problems with caring for yucca are minimal. The plant is not at all capricious and does not require special treatment. If you follow the rules, the palm tree practically does not get sick.

Pests that attack yucca are also typical of houseplants. These are spider mites, false scale insects and aphids.

• When a plant becomes infected with false scale insects, the symptoms appear very characteristic. Its leaves droop, become limp and lifeless, and then fall off. The impression is as if the plant is withering from lack of moisture.

Without treatment, the plant may certainly die. In such cases, the drug Actellik, which can be bought in specialized departments of stores, helps very well.

With proper care, the palm tree is not susceptible to various diseases, so it is necessary to create a suitable climate for the plant and sufficiently competent watering to protect it.