Arched partition in a wooden house. Instructions for the construction of wooden interior partitions

Can be divided into two types - single, double, and multi-layer:

Single - these are partitions between rooms, which are made of boards 40-50 mm thick; such partitions do not have an internal soundproofing layer and they can be classified as thin-walled partitions between rooms of the house.
Double are frameless double-walled partitions in which a soundproofing layer can be installed.
Multilayer are partitions assembled from two or more layers of boards.

Base for partitions made of boards

Partitions made from boards are lightweight compared to brick partitions, also such partitions do not serve as load-bearing walls (they do not serve as support for interfloor ceilings), therefore, their foundation does not require the construction of a capital foundation. The basis for partitions made of boards are floor beams or flooring. The placement of partitions can be done both along and across the floor beams.

Materials for installing partitions from boards

If we talk about what building materials are used to construct plank partitions, then their name itself suggests that the main building material The materials from which such partitions are made are boards. In most cases these are edged or unedged boards from coniferous species trees such as spruce or pine with a thickness of at least 40 mm. The recommended humidity of the boards is no more than 12%.

The construction of partitions from unplaned boards is carried out if plastering of the surface of the walls of this partition is planned in the future. In other cases it is advisable to use edged board, and if wall finishing is not provided, then in this case the front surface of the boards must be smooth - it is necessary to process this surface with a plane and sand it.

As a result, we get the following materials:

The edged board is not planed.
Planed edged board (sanded on the front side).

Partitions made of boards are made from vertically (less often horizontally) installed boards, which form a solid partition wall. The partition boards are fastened to bars that are attached to the surface of the ceiling and floor. Let's consider the main points of constructing double and single partitions.

Do-it-yourself double partition from boards

A double partition made of boards is usually made like this:

Bars (A) are attached to the floor and ceiling, then boards are attached to these bars.
First, one wall of the partition (B) is assembled from boards, installing the boards vertically.
Control bars (C) are attached to the finished partition wall (B). The distance between the bars depends on the use of the material with which the space between the walls of the partition will be filled; if the space is not filled, then the control bars can be mounted at a distance of 400 - 500 mm from each other.
After attaching the control bars (B) and if a soundproofing layer (D) was required, construct the second partition wall (E).
If it is necessary to design a doorway, then racks (D) are installed in the intended location. After constructing the wall, before installing the door frame, the block (W) can be cut out or a threshold can be formed in this place.

Do-it-yourself single partition from boards

Attaching boards to bars when installing single partitions can be done in two ways:

The boards are installed between two bars, which are parallel to each other.
The boards are installed in grooves made in the bars, which are attached to the floor and ceiling opposite each other.

In the first version, the boards are installed between two bars. First, bars (A) are attached to the floor and ceiling, then bars (B) are attached in the same way. The distance between the bars should ensure that the boards (B) are tightly installed in the space between the bars and have the same distance along the entire length. For example, if the board is 50 mm thick, then the distance between the bars can be made 50...52 mm.

The block (B) is made shorter than the block (A) by the width of one board, from which the partition is assembled. For example, if the board is 150 mm wide, then the bars (B) should be 150 mm shorter than the bars (A). This will allow you to install boards between the bars, for example, if a door frame is installed in the partition, the direction of installation of the boards is indicated by arrows.

This type of partition device has significant drawback- the bars protrude above the floor surface and make it difficult to install the baseboard. Such partitions can be used, for example, to divide space in a utility room, garage or in a country house (not a residential building).

The second option for constructing a single partition from boards involves attaching the boards to only one block, or more precisely, into a groove made in the block. This option is more labor-intensive, but the support bars will no longer interfere with the installation of the plinth - it turns out flat wall from floor to ceiling.

Before erecting a partition according to this option, it is necessary to make a groove 15 mm wide (minimum value) in the bars (A). The depth of the groove is equal to half the thickness of the block, that is, 50 mm/2 = 25 mm, this is the depth of the groove.

A tenon must be made at both ends of the boards, and the thickness of the tenon must be at least 14 mm, that is, 1 mm less than the width of the groove. This will make it easier to install the boards and move them into the groove of the bars (A). The height of the tenon relative to the depth of the groove is made 5 mm less. If the depth of the groove is 25 mm, then the height of the tenon should be approximately 20 mm (upper and lower tenon).

The length of the board (from point B to point D) should be no more than 2645 mm, with a ceiling height of 2700 mm. Since bars (A) with a groove for installing boards are attached to the floor and ceiling, to calculate the length of the boards, the distance between the grooves is taken, which in the described example is 2650 mm. It turns out 2650 mm - 2645 mm = 5 mm, this is the minimum gap between the end of the board and the end of the block (A).

In the bars (A) it is necessary to make a place for installing the boards. To do this, in the lower bars (for example, near a doorway), you need to cut off one wall of the groove, 150 mm wide (in the example, the width of the board is 150 mm).

When it is no longer possible to insert the boards into the groove from the end, the installed part of the partition and the doorway are in the way, then in this case we use the space made in the lower block (A) for installing the boards. First, we insert the board at an angle with a tenon into the groove of the upper bar (A), and the lower tenon of the board passes freely in the prepared place and thus install the tenon in the groove.

After the upper and lower tenon of the board are installed in the groove, we move the board in the direction of the installed boards and connect them together. All directions for installing the board are indicated by arrows in Figure 3. Now let's briefly talk about the end connection of the boards.

An effective end connection can be achieved by connecting the boards through dowels. To do this, it is necessary to drill blind holes at the ends of the boards. We leave one end of the board with holes, and install dowels in the holes at the other end, and so on in each board.

The main thing is that the holes in the end of one board are on the same axis with the dowels installed in the end of the other board. The center-to-center distance between the dowels and holes is made the same at approximately 200 mm, the depth of the dowel in the board can be 50-80 mm (with a board width of 150 mm). The depth of the hole in the end of the board into which the dowel enters when joining the boards must ensure that the dowel is completely buried so that there is no gap left between the boards.

Note:In all methods of constructing plank partitions, boards installed against the wall of the house are attached to it with nails or dowels.

Internal partitions are walls that do not perform a load-bearing function and serve only to separate rooms. Partitions in wooden house usually built from wood so as not to disturb the overall style of the building. But this is not important, if the interior design solution allows, you can build them from any materials, such as, for example, plasterboard or aerated concrete.

Requirements for partitions in a private house

All walls in the house are divided into load-bearing, self-supporting, enclosing and partitions. Load-bearing walls must be strong and reliable, since other architectural elements rest on them. Self-supporting ones rest on the foundation and support their own weight. The boundary wall can be load-bearing or self-supporting. It should not only be durable, but also insulated.

Partitions, unlike the above types of walls, rest on the ceilings and do not bear any load. Their strength and reliability indicators are subject to less stringent requirements. However, these designs must have certain characteristics.

The partitions must be sufficient light. The lighter their weight, the less pressure on the foundation and floors, and this is reflected in the economic efficiency of the entire building.

Partitions must be thin. The thinner the dividing internal walls, the more the living space of the house is saved.

When calculating partitions, it is necessary to take into account that furniture and household appliances will be hung on them. Therefore they must be strong.

Partitions act as dividing structures, which should provide the premises with a sufficient level soundproofing.

Partitions in rooms with high humidity and sudden changes in temperature must be constructed from materials that are not exposed to negative impact these factors. If they are built from wood, then it is imperative to use effective protective impregnations.

Partitions in the house must be high fire resistance.

It is very important to consider the need for laying electrical wires in the body of the septum or along it.

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer interior remodeling services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

What materials are they made of?

For construction internal partitions Various building materials are used. The most commonly used materials are brick, porous concrete or plasterboard.

Brick

Brick partitions are characterized by high strength. You can mount any shelves and brackets on them without fear that they will not stay on the wall. In addition, brick walls are a good sound insulator. So that they do not weigh down the building so much, not ordinary solid brick is used, but its porous analogue. But partitions in a house made of timber are quite rarely constructed from ceramics. The fact is that even porous brick is too heavy for wooden building. Besides Brick wall requires painstaking leveling of the surface for final finishing.

Aerated concrete and foam concrete

Cellular concrete blocks are available in various sizes. There are also special products for laying partitions. They have a small thickness and minimal weight. But this also has its drawbacks - when hanging heavy interior elements, you need to use special dowels. Another important nuance - cellular concrete It is hygroscopic, and without additional protection it cannot be used to separate rooms with high humidity.

Drywall

This is the cheapest and most convenient material to use. To construct partitions, a metal frame is installed, which is then sheathed on both sides with thick sheets of plasterboard. The difficulty of operating such structures is their low resistance to mechanical stress. You cannot install shelves and equipment on the drywall itself. True, you can attach heavy elements directly to a metal frame.

With a strong enough impact plasterboard wall cracks, resulting in the need to replace damaged sheets.

Gypsolite slabs

Material made of gypsum and silicone with a tongue-and-groove connection system. Practical partitions with a smooth surface are very quickly erected from gypsum slabs. You can’t just hang heavy objects on them either, but in terms of the degree of resistance to mechanical stress, this material is more attractive than ordinary drywall.

Partitions in a house made of timber

The density of the partitions should not exceed the density of the load-bearing walls, otherwise they will be too heavy relative to the total mass of the building. At the same time, the timber from which the walls of log houses are built belongs to lightweight building materials. It is not recommended to build traditional brick and even not very heavy aerated concrete partitions in wooden houses. They can be erected from plasterboard or tongue-and-groove slabs. But the most best option– these are timber or frame partitions. In technical rooms you can install plank (panel) partitions.

Partitions made of timber

Timber partitions allow you to maintain the harmony of the interior of the log house. They are built from material with a small thickness. But the height of the timber for the partitions should be the same as the material for the external walls. This is necessary in order to facilitate the process of constructing partitions and increase the aesthetics of the interior of the premises.

The main advantages of timber structures:

rigidity;

strength;

good sound insulation.

However, it is worth noting that all the advantageous characteristics timber walls are reduced due to the presence of openings in them. An important advantage of timber partitions is their appearance, in which there is no need for additional decoration finishing materials.

Such partitions are erected in the same way as the outer walls of a log house. The basis of the internal dividing walls are floor beams. During the construction process, it is necessary to remember that the timber in the finished log house shrinks. This applies to both the material for the building frame and the wood for the interior walls. It is more convenient to erect partitions simultaneously with load-bearing walls. But if you are not sure that the timber for the walls and for the partitions has the same shrinkage coefficient, it is better to install the partitions after the house has completely shrinked.

The amount of timber and the type of connection between the partition and the wall is determined by the designer or builders. To protect the wood as much as possible from moisture, the bottom row of the partition is laid from moisture-resistant aspen or larch. In addition, the bottom row is insulated from a vapor-permeable film.

Finished timber partitions are sanded and coated protective compounds along with the main walls. Heavy shelves and fastening systems for household appliances.

Frame partitions

This is a more economical and quickly erected option. Such partitions consist of a frame and cladding. The frame is constructed from vertical posts and horizontal ties made of timber or unplaned boards. You can use a metal frame as for drywall. The frame is secured with hardware to the surface of the floor, load-bearing walls and ceiling. The finished frame is filled from the inside with any thermal insulation sheet material, which will provide the wall with sufficient sound insulation. Mineral wool is most often used. The structure is sewn up with boards, timber or other material suitable for the interior design of the house under construction. Rigidity and strength frame partition remains unchanged regardless of the number of technical and door openings.

Despite the fact that partitions are made of timber or frame technology are erected quickly and with the help of simple tools, you should only trust this work qualified specialists. When working with wood materials, it is necessary to take into account shrinkage processes, which depend on many factors. In addition, only a professional can securely fasten all elements of a wooden structure without damaging them.

Video description

Arrangement of a frame partition in a log house made of timber or logs

Plank partitions

A type of wooden non-load-bearing interior wall. A plank partition differs from a timber partition in thickness, sound insulation and strength, as well as price. Typically, plank partitions are installed in utility and technical rooms, where it is not necessary to maintain an ideal design.

This option has the principle of a frame partition. Boards installed vertically or horizontally, depending on the characteristics of the room, are used as a frame. Frame boards are covered with planed boards.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects timber houses from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Conclusion

A cottage made of timber is an eco-friendly and comfortable housing in all respects. Interior walls in a wooden house should not disturb the harmony of the log house premises. However, they should not be too expensive. In houses designed like a classic log house, it is better to install timber partitions. If the cottage is planned in modern style, it can be used to create dividing walls with a smooth surface to provide designers with the opportunity to create an original, stylish interior.

Wooden partitions are widely used in the design of interior spaces.

This is facilitated by the flexibility of wood for processing and its high, natural qualities.

This type of partition is most suitable for making it yourself, because... gives you the opportunity to express your fantasies and inclinations.

Of course, when constructing them, it is necessary to take into account the requirements and existing building codes.

In general, this is a light wall, separating interior spaces from each other and has no load-bearing function. The main condition is its dismantling does not lead to changing the load-bearing structure of the building and redistributing loads. With this in mind wooden elements are optimally suited for the construction of these elements.

Wooden partitions, as a rule, are erected after construction is completed. Their main task is space zoning.

With their help you can equip a completely isolated room for various purposes or provide a conditional separation of different zones in a “house without walls” or a studio apartment. Most often, the kitchen and dressing room are separated in this way, loft apartments and play areas are formed.

Wooden partitions look especially attractive where the ceiling cannot be overloaded. They can be safely installed on a balcony, loggia, attic, and in various superstructures. With their help, you can change the shape of the doorway (widen, narrow, make it in the shape of an arch, etc.) or move it.

Partition options

Any partitions are divided into stationary and mobile or mobile varieties. If the first structures are installed motionlessly and firmly connected to the load-bearing elements, then the second option can be installed temporarily or moved depending on the system used.

Among the stationary wooden partitions, the following main types can be distinguished:

Frame construction. It includes a power “skeleton” made of durable timber and casing made of wood materials(lath, board, lining, etc.). This design allows you to create a combined partition when wood is combined with other finishing materials. One of the frame varieties can be considered a panel assembly. In this case, pre-assembled shields are attached to a load-bearing frame made of timber.
Frameless design. This option is mounted by attaching boards directly to joists, ceilings or wooden walls. Further, a finishing coating can be applied to such a base.

Movable partitions also have several varieties:

Mobile (screens). They can be moved from place to place and quickly installed in the desired area.
Sliding. They consist of separate sections that can move relative to each other, opening or closing space.
Folding version(“accordion” or “book”). These partitions are fully expanded only at the right time.
Collapsible design and transforming partitions. Their design allows you to change shape depending on need.

Particularly notable is the variety decorative partitions. They do not create isolated rooms, but zone the space, providing an attractive interior. In this purpose, the following areas are highlighted: openwork structures, the use of carved elements, partitions and shelving.

Often during production decorative partitions a combination of wood and other materials is used - metal, glass, plastic, etc.

What attracts wooden partitions?

The choice of wood for partitions has a number of benefits:

naturalness of the material, environmental friendliness;
attractive appearance, the ability to choose wood of different textures and shades;
ease of decoration and processing, incl. carving, varnishing, tinting, etc.;
low weight of the structure;
speed of installation, possibility of making it yourself;
the ability to create various configurations;
Easy to attach various objects to the partition.

Despite all the attractiveness of wooden partitions, it should be noted that they have shortcomings:

flammability, which requires treatment with refractory compounds;
low water resistance and tendency to rot when moistened, necessitating impregnation with antiseptics and additional protection in rooms with high humidity;
low sound insulation ability.

These disadvantages do not stop the popularity of wooden partitions, which is primarily due to ease of installation and low costs. They allow you to embody beautiful design solutions, and most deficiencies can be eliminated with impregnating compounds and protective coatings.

Requirements

It is necessary to erect wooden partitions taking into account the basic requirements for them:

mechanical strength and stability, preventing falls during operation;
service life commensurate with the durability of the walls;
absence of visible defects, especially in the area of joints;
opportunity complete cleaning, exclusion of closed areas where insects and rodents can live;
fire safety and high technical parameters;
when using mobile systems - speed and ease of installation, movement and transformation.

When designing partitions, we must not forget about appearance. They must be in harmony with other interior elements and match general style design. The most important requirement – absolutely harmless to humans under any influence.

Required Tools

To make a wooden partition, first of all, you need to prepare the necessary carpentry tools in advance:

plane;
hacksaw;
hand saw;
axe;
chisels of different sizes;
hammer and mallet;
carpenter's knife;
electric jigsaw.

Will make the work much easier electric tool: drill, screwdriver, grinder, Grinder. For auxiliary works will be needed paint brush, spatula for applying glue, screwdriver, pliers, marking tool, containers for diluting mixtures and adhesive composition.

The necessary measurements and quality control are provided with a tape measure, a metal ruler, a square, a building level, and a plumb line.

How to make a wooden partition with your own hands?

The procedure for constructing a partition depends on its type. However, for any type it is important to prepare thoroughly. The partition must be securely fastened to the supporting structures, and therefore, first of all, the joint areas and the base are cleaned of debris, dirt, and old coatings.

It's important to do it right marking in accordance with the reconstruction plan. The marking line is drawn on the floor, ceiling and walls. Moreover, it is necessary to ensure their strict evenness and verticality.

Construction of the frame

With the frame technology of partition construction, a special role is given to the construction of the frame. Its basis is made up of vertical posts made of. Depending on the purpose, the size can vary between 50-100 mm. The most popular timber is the size 50x100 mm.

The racks are installed strictly vertically and secured with screws or nails from below to the joists and from above to the beams ceiling. The step of their installation must be no less than the length of the cladding material and is usually chosen on the order of 60-70 cm.

Horizontal jumpers made of wooden beams are mounted between the vertical posts. The most popular sizes are 40x60 and 50x50 mm. The installation step of the jumpers should not exceed 55-60 cm. Fastening is ensured with self-tapping screws.

The doorway is formed before the partition sheathing. To do this, an upper reinforcing crossbar is first installed between two vertical drains, which is additionally connected by a beam to the ceiling beam, after which the door frame is secured.

After installation is completed, all wooden elements are thoroughly impregnated with a special fire-fighting and antiseptic composition.

Installation of panel partition

Panel partitions can be mounted on a frame base or between load-bearing posts.

In the first case, a high-strength but heavy structure is obtained. The second option looks preferable.

For it, shields are made in advance with your own hands or ready-made products of the required size are purchased.

The construction of the partition is carried out in the following order. First, vertical posts are installed in increments of 1-1.2 m, and shields will be mounted between them. They are attached in a similar way to frame technology.

The shields are assembled separately. For this purpose, a frame is made with a width equal to the installation pitch of the racks. The height can correspond to the height of the room if one shield is mounted between the racks. You can assemble a wall from several panels. The frame is sheathed with slats, boards, clapboard or sheet, wood materials.

Features of frameless technology

Simple frameless partition is constructed as follows. A board with a thickness of at least 5 cm is fixed strictly horizontally to the logs - the base of the partition. 2 parallel beams are nailed to it to form a groove, the size of which is equal to the thickness of the boards from which the wall is made.

The partition is assembled from boards 4-5 cm thick, and their length should correspond to the height of the ceiling. The boards are fixed in a groove on the base and installed strictly vertically. They are fixed to the ceiling using timber. During installation, the boards fit tightly to each other, without gaps. It is best to use boards with a selected quarter.

Laying insulation and communications

Wood has low sound insulation properties, and therefore additional sound insulation is usually used. You can use any roll or tile material, designed for this purpose.

Most often used mineral wool. Sound insulation is laid between the frame beams and secured to the sheathing, for example using a furniture stapler.

Communications are carried out in accordance with the project. To pass a through pipe, a corresponding hole is made in the casing. If it is necessary to lay the pipeline in the longitudinal direction, then a groove corresponding to the diameter of the pipe is pre-selected in the vertical posts.

When installed inside a partition, electrical wiring must be placed inside a corrugated hose.

Mobile structures

Movable partitions can have different designs and are manufactured strictly according to drawings. For their construction, hinge mechanisms, guide elements, and a roller system will be required.

An important difference between mobile structures and stationary partitions is use of the lightest wood. Weighing decorative elements are undesirable in them. In their manufacture, plywood and thin veneer are widely used.

Wooden partitions in the interior in the photo

Wooden partitions are still the most popular option for furnishing premises. The flexibility of wood allows you to create attractive and durable structures with your own hands. They can be made different ways, and which one to choose depends on the purpose of the partition and the requirements.

Interior partitions are available in any home. These structural elements determine the layout of the room, delimiting the overall living space into separate rooms or comfort zones.

IN apartment buildings partitions are usually erected by builders, sometimes in agreement with future residents. Private developers are forced to carry out this work themselves. It is important to take into account that wooden partitions are different and certain requirements are imposed on them.

What you need to know about the device and security

Before making a partition in a wooden house with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with the theoretical side of this issue. In particular, many beginning craftsmen confuse the concepts of walls and partitions. To be clear, you need to know that wall structures in any home are divided into 3 groups:

load-bearing – they are the basis of the building and transfer the load from the roof and interfloor ceilings to the foundation;
non-load-bearing - they are carried out to the entire height of the floor, but do not perform a load-bearing function, the roof and other structural elements do not rest on them;
partitions - used to divide the internal space, rest on the ceiling, and, if necessary, can be moved to another place.

Taking into account these features, minimum requirements are imposed on partitions; they can be made from almost any building material. The undoubted advantage of such structural elements is that they can be ignored when calculating the load on the foundation and the number of storeys of the building. Partitions can be placed anywhere and can be easily moved to another location during redevelopment. It is noteworthy, but even in apartment buildings such elements do not always require approval from regulatory authorities when installed.

Mandatory requirements

It is immediately necessary to clarify that brick, natural stone and foam blocks are rarely used to create interior partitions. Despite their strength and many other advantages, these materials exert strong pressure on the foundation, so they are planned for initial stage construction and are unsuitable for installation in wooden houses. More practical and easier options are used here:

drywall;
beam;
board;
slats.

It should be taken into account that wooden log houses shrink over time, so the arrangement of the internal space and the installation of utilities are usually carried out 12 months after the installation of the log house. If you neglect this rule, after the walls shrink, the interfloor ceilings will put pressure on the partition, which is guaranteed to lead to deformation.

Types of interior wooden partitions

A wooden interior partition is a simple design that you can make yourself if you wish. In private construction, 3 types of partitions are usually used, each of which has its own design features.

Frame-panel

This is one of the most common options for wooden partitions, which provides additional heat and sound insulation of interior spaces. From the name it follows that such partitions are made on a frame basis, then sheathed with panels.

For the frame, a beam with a cross section of 60 x 100 mm is usually used, which forms a horizontal and vertical frame. The distance between the elements can be calculated based on the thickness of the insulation, which will fill the free space. For these purposes, mineral wool or polystyrene foam is usually used.

As wood paneling The following options are suggested:

. Practical and available material, which is easy to process and install, however, plywood can delaminate over time, so it is not suitable for rooms with high humidity;
. Fiberboard, which is made from wood processing waste and cellulose by hot pressing. The composition often includes fire retardants, polymer additives and antiseptics;
. Chipboard, which is made on the basis of shavings and sawdust, the connecting link is resin or formaldehyde. The products cannot be called environmentally friendly, although the manufacturers claim that the content of volatile compounds complies with the standards. Chipboard is not recommended for the construction of partitions that are planned to be subsequently moved or installed in the nursery. Damage always remains in the fastening areas, fibrous structure does not hold fasteners well.

When choosing wood siding, you can pay attention to OSB - oriented strand board, which is a strong and durable material. Disadvantages include high cost and dependence on a humid environment.

Carpentry

This is a paneled construction that usually does not require finishing, which provides significant benefits when performing construction work. In production, valuable wood is usually used, which is coated with several layers of varnish.

Here you need to take into account that such partitions do not require the use of insulation, and therefore are not able to provide the premises with heat and sound insulation. The design performs a purely decorative function and is used for zoning space, for example, separating the dressing room from the total area of the bedroom.

Solid

Solid partitions are built from the material that was used in the construction of the house (timber, logs, frame structure), therefore they have fundamental view, although they lightly load the base. The structural elements are fastened together with metal spikes, giving the wall additional rigidity and stability. The partition is connected to the load-bearing bases using triangular bars and nails.

Thermal and sound insulation indicators directly depend on the characteristics of the lumber, but if desired, they can be increased by stitching the surface with foam plastic.

Note! In this case, finishing of the wooden partition will definitely be required.

How to make a panel partition

Taking into account the features of panel structures, you first need to make a frame to which the panels will subsequently be attached. For this, a beam with a cross section of 60 x 100 mm is used. First, the perimeter is tied: boards of the appropriate length are attached to the adjacent structures with self-tapping screws. Then the vertical posts are installed. The pitch between the frame elements depends on the selected sheathing material.

Advice! Optimal distance for installation of drywall it is considered 60 cm, for fiberboard and chipboard – 62.5 cm.

Then cross members are attached to the vertical posts. To give the partition additional rigidity, horizontal slats It is better to place them in a checkerboard pattern, similar to a honeycomb.

When wooden frame ready, it is sheathed on one side with the selected material. Then the free space between the vertical and horizontal slats is filled with insulation. To avoid possible problems, before laying the thermal insulation layer, a vapor barrier is installed, which will prevent the formation of condensation. After installing the insulation, the remaining part of the frame is sheathed. The gaps between the panels must be sealed to ensure reliable sound insulation of the room.

If the partition design assumes the presence of an interior door, then the frame is installed at the stage of frame construction. Door frame inserted between two vertical posts, reinforced with crossbars. The canvas is hung on hinges after completion of the work on arranging the partition.

How to make a frameless partition

In terms of its structure, it is an elementary wooden structure, which is easy to make yourself. At the initial stage, the room is marked and the upper and lower trim are installed. To do this, bars or slats of triangular cross-section are nailed to the ceiling and floor. Here it is important to maintain the symmetry of the arrangement of these elements relative to each other.

Then boards are nailed to the frame. They are usually placed vertically, which simplifies the work and saves lumber. The boards are nailed end-to-end, and the gaps remaining after installation are foamed or sealed with tow.

When the partition is ready, a second block or triangular strip is nailed to the frame, clamping the boards on both sides. After this, insulation and sound insulation work is carried out, and finishing is carried out.

Partition as an element of interior decor

Decorative wooden partitions have a purely aesthetic function and are used exclusively for zoning the internal space. There are no strict requirements or recommendations here, and the future design option depends solely on the imagination of the home craftsman.

Such partitions are conventionally divided into 2 types:

Stationary - often made on a frame basis and, in addition to the visual design of the room, can perform a practical function. For example, a bookcase or floor-to-ceiling shelves for souvenirs can play the role of a partition.
Transformable- these are sliding screens and doors that, if necessary, can separate total area into separate comfort zones. Such solutions are often used by designers when decorating studio apartments.

Any material can be used for the manufacture of decorative partitions, but wood, glass and plastic are considered the most practical and attractive. With certain skills, this building material can be combined to create a truly interesting space.

It is recommended to install frame partitions in a wooden house after the most intensive shrinkage of the structure has been completed. So, for wild log houses built from a forest of natural moisture, this period can take 1.5-2 years, and for buildings made of timber or rounded logs - from 5-6 months to a year. Wooden-frame houses or houses made of wood, provided that all the requirements of their construction technologies are met, practically do not shrink. Therefore, the installation of interior partitions (partitions) in them can not be shelved, but can be started immediately after laying the roofing.

Requirements for partitions and materials used

Interior partitions made of wood are used to organize the main internal layout of a building or separate individual functional zones indoors. They are lightweight self-supporting structures, as they are not subject to loads from interfloor ceilings or roofing. Their installation is possible almost anywhere, without preparing the foundation, directly above the ceiling.

Partitions in the house must meet the following requirements:

have a small weight so as not to create excessive load on the floor structure;
be characterized by the minimum possible thickness to preserve usable area premises;
guarantee sufficient strength to hold hanging furniture, household appliances, interior items;
provide the required sound insulation of one room from another;
assembled from materials that are well combined with load-bearing enclosing structures.

Assembly features and construction materials

When choosing materials for building a partition in a wooden house, you should also take into account their cost, environmental friendliness, fire resistance, and moisture resistance (for rooms with high humidity). For frame elements you can use wooden beam(with a cross-section of 50x50 mm) or a board (with a thickness of 40-50 mm and a width along the cross-section of the partition), which has undergone appropriate treatment with hydrophobic, antiseptic and fire-retardant compounds. The installation of a load-bearing skeleton from a galvanized profile of plasterboard systems is not excluded. For guides, UW from 50x4о mm is suitable, for CW racks from 50x50 mm. The surfaces of the partitions can be formed from sheets of plasterboard, plywood, OSB, fiberboard, wooden lining, blockhouse, and also plastered over unplaned boards and wooden slats.

Questions about soundproofing partition walls I require integrated approach. They are decided depending on the type of enclosing structures and the requirements for the effectiveness of the acoustic barrier. For example, for an interior partition in log house between the kitchen and the dining room (living room), laying mineral wool for general construction purposes with a density of 30-35 kg/m 3 with a layer thickness of 50 mm is quite sufficient. If the sleeping area is being planned, it will require enhanced noise protection. It should be equipped using profiled soundproofing varieties of basalt wool such as Acoustic Butts from Rockwool or Technoacoustic from TechnoNIKOL. But to create a truly “quiet” room, the thickness of the mineral wool layer in the partition must be at least 100-150 mm.

The diagram below shows an indicative comparison of the acoustic characteristics of partition walls with different internal structures. The effectiveness of sound insulation from airborne noise is determined by the Rw index; the higher it is, the better. Obviously, the highest levels of noise protection can be achieved when assembling double partitions. They are characterized by an internal separation air gap and external cladding with at least two layers of sheet material.

IMPORTANT! If a frame partition in a wooden house is used to separate a room with high humidity, then prerequisite is the laying of a waterproofing film into its design. The hydrobarrier is installed on the side exposed to water vapor. It prevents moisture condensation in the fibrous layer, which ensures its safety and long-term performance.

Arrangement of compensation gaps

The constituent elements of a building made of wood materials are subject to constant deformation changes throughout their entire service life. They are determined, first of all, by the high hygroscopicity of wood. Its fibers, saturated with moisture, swell or shrink as they dry. Neither preliminary chamber drying natural material, nor processing it with special chemical compounds. Therefore, even after the completion of the most active phase of shrinkage of the structure, in which its humidity load-bearing structures reaches minimum values, compensation gaps should be provided for all embedded elements. Thus, the partition in a wooden house will not be compressed between opposite walls or between the ceiling and floor, and therefore will not be deformed.

In established buildings

compensation gaps around the perimeter of the partition are left at least 10 mm. After covering the frame with sheet material, the gaps near the walls and floor can be filled polyurethane foam. It is able to firmly hold the partition while simultaneously playing the role of a shock-absorbing pad. But it is recommended to fill the expansion joint above the partition fibrous material(felt, tow, mineral wool).

In new buildings

If frame partitions in a wooden house need to be installed immediately after its construction, then the gaps above them should be increased by 50-80 mm (normative shrinkage value). Consequently, the height of the mounted structure will be 60-90 mm less than the height of the overlapped opening between the floor and ceiling. The reserves for compensating for deformations near the walls remain the same - 10 cm from each of the vertical ends of the partition.

Partitions in a wooden house made from hewn timber or rounded logs can be connected to the walls in two ways. The first method is to cut out counter grooves in the wall logs along the line of the vertical end beams of the partitions. Tow is stuffed into the grooves between the beams and the walls or strips of mineral wool are placed for additional heat and sound insulation. The method provides excellent alignment of structures without interfering with their mutual vertical displacement. However, if an unforeseen redevelopment of the interior space of the room becomes necessary, rectangular wood samples will remain on the wall. Making them invisible can be quite difficult.

The second way is to arrange the frame elements with compensatory offsets from the walls. In this case, the interface areas are covered either with figured ones, cut to resemble logs, or with straight plinths with 40-50 mm shelves. In a similar way, you can decorate the joints of partitions with the floor and ceiling, choosing the sizes of the plinths in accordance with the sizes of the deformation gaps.

IMPORTANT! Attaching corner strips is allowed only to one of the surfaces. For vertical - this is to the wall or to the partition. Forhorizontal - only to the ceiling or floor, since they cannot be attached to the partition!

What tools are needed to assemble frame partition walls?

The installation of partitions in a wooden house with your own hands is carried out mainly on a base of lumber. Therefore, to process and install them you will need the following tools:

electric or chainsaw, jigsaw, but you can get by with one hand hacksaw;
drill, screwdriver;
slick;
axe;
hammer;
tape measure, square, float level, pencil;
construction stapler.

It is convenient to mark the location of the structure laser level. You can also get by with dyeing thread or simple twine. They are fixed on opposite load-bearing walls, allowing you to designate the lines along which the partition will adjoin the floor and ceiling.

Sequence of installation of a wood-frame partition

Important! Often, partitions do not require special foundation preparation. However, if they are installed over significant spans of floors or a massive structure is installed, it may be necessary to strengthen its base. In this case, an additional beam is laid with its ends supported on the foundations of the walls.

Frame making

Along the ceiling, floor and load-bearing walls mark the projection lines of the frame partition.
Rigid fastening of the end beam is allowed only to the floor. Horizontal load-bearing element can be immediately installed on a thick damper pad, for example, made of felt; or fix it on steel brackets with a gap, which will subsequently be filled with polyurethane foam.
Vertical end beams are installed, securing them with temporary rigid connections to the walls.
Two post beams are also installed at the location of the future doorway. Their vertical position is controlled by a float level, and temporary fixation is carried out by oblique struts to the floor.
Install the upper horizontal end element. It is often made up of several parts connected by steel plates. The plates are placed on the upper and lower planes of the beams. It is recommended to calculate the locations of such connections in advance so that they are above the vertical posts.
After assembling the frame of the frame partition, internal vertical posts are installed with a pitch of 600 mm. It is optimal for laying mineral wool thermal and sound insulation with standard width slabs 610 mm.
It is recommended to make horizontal jumpers from short bars inside the formed cells in a checkerboard pattern (taking into account the height of the cladding material, if it is sheet). This will not only make it easier to fix the lintels and sheets, but will also give the frame additional rigidity.
At the location of the doors, a horizontal element is mounted to the vertical bars, limiting the top of the opening. It is strengthened with an additional short vertical post to the upper horizontal beam.
Rigid temporary connections with walls are replaced with floating ones. They are made in the same way as for.

Important! Having a certain professional skill, you can avoid establishing temporary connections. The end vertical bars are initially secured with floating elements, similar to those shown in the figure below.

Infill and lining

After the cells are filled with mineral wool, the interior wooden partition is sheathed on both sides with canvas vapor barrier membrane(shoots with a stapler). At the same time, it is important not to confuse the direction of vapor diffusion - it must be provided with an exit in the direction from the insulation, i.e. from inside the partition. The membrane strips are secured with overlaps, and the puncture sites with staples, damage and joints are taped with tape intended for this purpose.
If the frame is sheathed with plasterboard, OSB or plywood, then their sheets are fixed with offset joints, which are then puttied. The resulting surfaces can play the role of rough or semi-finish and are subject to further processing in accordance with the selected technology. If lining or blockhouse is used as cladding, then they only need to be coated with paints and varnishes.

Finally

Interior partitions in a wooden house are not complex engineering structures, so it is quite possible to install them yourself. To carry out the work, it will be enough to have basic carpentry skills, as well as a minimum set of household tools. However, you will have to be patient and be careful when marking and adjusting the partition elements.

Do not forget about the rules of electrical installation and fire safety, if electrical communications are laid inside the partition. It's important to remember that hidden installation electrical wiring in wooden structures allowed only in metal pipes(steel or copper).