How many squares are heated by one section of a bimetallic radiator. How to calculate the number of sections of bimetallic heating radiators for a home

In the matter of maintaining the optimal temperature in the house, the main place is occupied by the radiator.

The choice is simply amazing: bimetallic, aluminum, steel of various sizes.

There is nothing worse than an incorrectly calculated required heat output in a room. In winter, such a mistake can be very expensive.

Thermal calculation of heating radiators is suitable for bimetallic, aluminum, steel and cast iron radiators. Experts identify three ways, each of which is based on certain indicators.

There are three methods here, which are based on general principles:

• the standard value of the power of one section can vary from 120 to 220 W, therefore the average value is taken
• to correct errors in calculations when buying a radiator, you should lay a 20% reserve

Now let's turn directly to the methods themselves.

Method one - standard

Based on building rules, 100 watts of radiator power is required for high-quality heating of one square meter. Let's do the calculations.

Suppose the area of ​​the room is 30 m², the power of one section is taken equal to 180 watts, then 30 * 100/180 = 16.6. Let's round the value up and get that 17 sections of a heating radiator are needed for a room with an area of ​​30 square meters.

However, if the room is angular, then the resulting value should be multiplied by a factor of 1.2. In this case, the number of required radiator sections will be 20

Method two - approximate

This method differs from the previous one in that it is based not only on the area of ​​the room, but also on its height. Please note that this method only works for medium to high power appliances.

At low power (50 watts or less), such calculations will be ineffective due to too large an error.

So, if we take into account that the average height of the room is 2.5 meters (the standard height of the ceilings of most apartments), then one section of a standard radiator is capable of heating an area of ​​1.8 m².

The calculation of sections for a room of 30 "squares" will be as follows: 30 / 1.8 = 16. Rounding up again, we find that 17 radiator sections are needed to heat this room.

Method three - volumetric

As the name implies, the calculations in this method are based on the volume of the room.

It is conventionally assumed that to heat 5 cubic meters of a room, 1 section with a capacity of 200 watts is needed. With a length of 6 m, a width of 5 and a height of 2.5 m, the formula for the calculation will be as follows: (6 * 5 * 2.5) / 5 = 15. Therefore, for a room with such parameters, you need 15 sections of a heating radiator with a capacity of 200 watts each.

If the radiator is planned to be located in a deep open niche, then the number of sections must be increased by 5%.

If the radiator is planned to be completely covered with a panel, then the increase should be made by 15%. Otherwise, it will be impossible to achieve optimal heat dissipation.

An alternative method for calculating the power of heating radiators

Calculating the number of heating radiator sections is far from the only way to properly organize the heating of a room.

Let's calculate the volume of the proposed room with an area of ​​30 sq. m and a height of 2.5 m:

30 x 2.5 = 75 cubic meters.

Now you need to decide on the climate.

For the territory of the European part of Russia, as well as Belarus and Ukraine, the standard is 41 watts of thermal power per cubic meter of room.

To determine the required power, we multiply the volume of the room by the standard:

75 x 41 = 3075 W

Let's round the resulting value up - 3100 watts. For those people who live in very cold winters, this figure can be increased by 20%:

3100 x 1.2 = 3720 W.

Arriving at the store and specifying the power of the heating radiator, you can calculate how many radiator sections are required to maintain a comfortable temperature even in the most severe winter.

Calculation of the number of radiators

The calculation method is an excerpt from the previous paragraphs of the article.

After you calculate the required power for heating the room and the number of radiator sections, you come to the store.

If the number of sections is impressive (this happens in rooms with a large area), then it would be reasonable to purchase not one, but several radiators.

This scheme is also applicable to those conditions when the power of one radiator is lower than required.

But there is another quick way to calculate the number of radiators. If in your room there were old ones with a height of about 60 cm, and in winter you felt comfortable in this room, then count the number of sections.

Multiply the resulting figure by 150 W - this will be the required power of the new radiators.

If you choose or, you can buy them at the rate of 1 to 1 - for one rib of a cast-iron radiator, 1 rib of a bimetallic one.

The division into a "warm" and "cold" apartment has long come into our lives.

Many people deliberately do not want to engage in the selection and installation of new radiators, explaining that “it will always be cold in this apartment”. But this is not the case.

The correct choice of radiators, coupled with a competent calculation of the required power, can make your windows warm and cozy even in the coldest winter.

When designing heating systems, a mandatory measure is to calculate the power of heating devices. The result obtained largely influences the choice of one or another equipment - heating radiators and heating boilers (if the project is carried out for private houses that are not connected to central heating systems).

The most popular at the moment are batteries made in the form of interconnected sections. In this article, we will just talk about how to calculate the number of radiator sections.

Methods for calculating the number of battery sections

In order to calculate the number of heating radiator sections, you can use three main methods. The first two are fairly light, but they give only an approximate result, which is suitable for typical multi-storey buildings. This includes the calculation of radiator sections by the area of ​​the room or by its volume. Those. in this case, it is enough to find out the required parameter (area or volume) of the room and insert it into the appropriate formula for calculation.

The third method involves the use for calculations of many different coefficients that determine the heat loss of the room. This includes the size and type of windows, floor, type of wall insulation, ceiling height and other criteria that affect heat loss. Heat loss can also occur for various reasons associated with mistakes and shortcomings in the construction of a house. For example, there is a cavity inside the walls, the insulation layer has cracks, defects in the building material, etc. Thus, the search for all causes of heat leakage is one of the prerequisites for performing an accurate calculation. For this, thermal imagers are used, displaying on the monitor the places of heat leakage from the room.

All this is done in order to select such a power of the radiators, which compensates for the total value of heat loss. Let's consider each method of calculating battery sections separately and give an illustrative example for each of them.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections by the area of ​​the room

This method is the simplest. To obtain the result, you will need to multiply the area of ​​the room by the value of the radiator power required for heating 1 sq.m. This value is given in SNiP, and it is:

• 60-100W for the middle climatic zone of Russia (Moscow);
• 120-200W for areas located to the north.

The calculation of radiator sections according to the averaged power parameter is carried out by multiplying it by the value of the area of ​​the room. So, 20 sq.m. will require for heating: 20 * 60 (100) = 1200 (2000) W

Further, the resulting number must be divided by the power value of one section of the radiator. To find out what area 1 section of the radiator is designed for, it is enough to open the data sheet of the equipment. Let us assume that the power of the section is 200W, and the total power required for heating is 1600W (we take the arithmetic mean). It remains only to clarify how many radiator sections are needed per 1 m2. To do this, we divide the value of the required power for heating by the power of one section: 1600/200 = 8

Result: for heating a room with an area of ​​20 sq. m. an 8-section radiator is required (provided that the power of one section is 200W).

The calculation of heating radiator sections by the value of the area of ​​the room gives only an approximate result. In order not to be mistaken with the number of sections, it is best to make calculations on the condition that for heating 1 sq. M. a power of 100W is required.

This, as a result, will increase the total costs of installing the heating system, and therefore such a calculation is not always appropriate, especially with a limited budget. A more accurate, but still the same, approximate result will be given by the following method.

The method of this calculation is similar to the previous one, except that now from SNiP you will need to find out the power value for heating not 1 square meter, but a cubic meter of the room. According to SNiP, these are:

41W for heating rooms in panel-type buildings; 34W for brick houses.

As an example, let's take the same room with an area of ​​20 sq. m., and set the conditional ceiling height - 2.9 m. In this case, the volume will be equal: 20 * 2.9 = 58 cubic meters

From this: 58 * 41 = 2378 W for a panel house 58 * 34 = 1972 W for a brick house

Let us divide the results obtained by the power value of one section. Total: 2378/200 = 11.89 (panel house) 1972/200 = 9.86 (brick house)

If you round up to a larger number, then for heating a room of 20 sq. m. panel will need 12-section, and for a brick house 10-section radiators. And this figure is also approximate. In order to calculate with high accuracy how many battery sections are needed for space heating, it is necessary to use a more complex method, which will be discussed below.

To carry out an accurate calculation, special coefficients are introduced into the general formula, which can both increase (increase coefficient) the value of the minimum radiator power for heating the room, and decrease it (decrease coefficient).

In fact, there are many factors affecting the power value, but we will use the most those that are easy to calculate and with which it is easy to operate. The coefficient depends on the values ​​of the following room parameters:

1. Ceiling height:
   • With a height of 2.5 m, the coefficient is 1;
   • At 3m - 1.05;
   • At 3.5m - 1.1;
   • At 4m - 1.15.
2. Type of glazing of windows in the room:
   • Simple double glass - coefficient is 1.27;
   • Double-glazed unit of 2 glasses - 1;
   • Triple glazing - 0.87.
3. The percentage of the window area from the total area of ​​the room (for ease of determination, you can divide the window area by the area of ​​the room and then multiply by 100):
   • If the result of calculations is 50%, a coefficient of 1.2 is taken;
   • 40-50% – 1,1;
   • 30-40% – 1;
   • 20-30% – 0,9;
   • 10-20% – 0,8.
4. Thermal insulation of walls:
   • Low level of thermal insulation - the coefficient is 1.27;
   • Good thermal insulation (laying in two bricks or insulation 15-20cm) - 1.0;
   • Increased thermal insulation (wall from 50cm thick or insulation from 20cm) - 0.85.
5. The average value of the minimum temperature in winter, which can last a week:
   • -35 degrees - 1.5;
   • -25 – 1,3;
   • -20 – 1,1;
   • -15 – 0,9;
   • -10 – 0,7.
6. Number of external (end) walls:
   • 1 end wall - 1.1;
   • 2 walls - 1.2;
   • 3 walls - 1.3.
7. Room type above the heated room:
   • Unheated attic - 1;
   • Heated attic - 0.9;
   • Heated living quarters - 0.85.

Hence, it is clear that if the coefficient is higher than one, then it is considered increasing, if lower - decreasing. If its value is one, then it does not affect the result in any way. To make a calculation, it is necessary to multiply each of the coefficients by the value of the area of ​​the room and the average specific value of heat losses per 1 sq. M., Which is (according to SNiP) 100W.

Thus, we have the formula: Q_T = γ * S * K_1 * ... * K_7, where

• Q_T is the required power of all radiators for heating the room;
γ - average value of heat loss per 1 sq.m., i.e. 100W; S is the total area of ​​the room; K_1… K_7 - coefficients influencing the value of heat losses.

• Room area - 18 sq. M .;
• Ceiling height - 3m;
• Window with ordinary double glass;
• Window area 3 sq.m., i.e. 3/18 * 100 = 16.6%;
• Thermal insulation - double brick;
• The minimum temperature outside for a week in a row is -20 degrees;
• One end (outer) wall;
• The room above is a heated living room.

Now let's replace the alphabetic values ​​with numeric ones and get: Q_T = 100 * 18 * 1.05 * 1.27 * 0.8 * 1 * 1.3 * 1.1 * 0.85≈2334 W

It remains to divide the result by the power value of one radiator section. Let's say that is not equal to 160W: 2334/160 = 14.5

Those. for heating a room with an area of ​​18 sq.m. and the given heat loss coefficients will require a radiator with 15 sections (rounded up).

There is another simple way of how to calculate the sections of radiators, focusing on the material of their manufacture. In fact, this method does not give an accurate result, but it helps to estimate the approximate number of battery sections that will need to be used in a room.

Heating batteries are usually divided into 3 types, depending on the material of their manufacture. These are bimetallic, in which metal and plastic are used (usually as an outer coating), cast iron and aluminum radiators. The calculation of the number of battery sections made of a particular material is the same in all cases. Here it is enough to use the average value of the power that one section of the radiator can produce, and the value of the area that this section is able to heat up:

• For aluminum batteries, this is 180W and 1.8 sq. m;
• Bimetallic - 185W and 2 sq.m .;
• Cast iron - 145W and 1.5 sq.m.

Using a simple calculator, the calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators can be done by dividing the area of ​​the room by the value of the area that one section of the radiator from the metal of interest to us can heat up. Let's take a room of 18 sq. m. Then we get:

• 18 / 1.8 = 10 sections (aluminum);
• 18/2 = 9 (bimetal);
• 18 / 1.5 = 12 (cast iron).

The area that one section of the radiator can heat up is not always indicated. Usually manufacturers indicate its power. In this case, you will need to calculate the total power required to heat the room using any of the above methods. If we take the calculation in terms of the area and the power required to warm up 1 sq.m., 80W (according to SNiP), then we get: 20 * 80 = 1800/180 = 10 sections (aluminum); 20 * 80 = 1800/185 = 9.7 sections (bimetal); 20 * 80 = 1800/145 = 12.4 sections (cast iron);

Rounding the decimal numbers to one side, we get approximately the same result, as in the case of calculations by area.

It is important to understand that calculating the number of metal sections for making a radiator is the most inaccurate method. It can help determine the choice in favor of this or that battery, and with nothing else.

And finally, advice. Almost every manufacturer of heating equipment or an online store on its website places a special calculator for calculating the number of heating radiator sections. It is enough to enter the required parameters into it, and the program will output the desired result. But, if you do not trust the robot, then the calculations, as you can see, are quite easy to do and independently, even on a sheet of paper.

Still have questions? Call or email us!

Bimetallic radiators are high quality and highly efficient heating devices that can be used to heat a residential building, office space or industrial building. The main thing is the presence of internal elements of steel.

The design features contribute to an increased level of safety factor, and the negative results from the contact of the coolant with aluminum are reduced to zero. The only drawback of such heating structures is the unreasonably high cost among similar equipment.

All positive directly depend on their structure... The core can be steel or copper, which increases the resistance to the composition of the coolant, as well as to pressure drops.

Convenient type of joint with standard piping and aluminum surface of the radiator allow you to obtain high heat transfer.

Bimetallic radiators sold in our country, depending on the device and characteristics, can be subdivided into two main types:

• absolutely "bimetallic type" with steel pipes and an aluminum body. The main advantages are strength and the absolute absence of the possibility of leakage;
• "Semi-metallic version", in which the vertical channels are reinforced with steel pipes. Such heating radiators are characterized by an excellent combination of low price and high thermal efficiency.

The principle of operation of such heating equipment is as simple as possible. On an aluminum body by means of a steel tube heat is transferred from the coolant, which contributes to the heating of air masses in a heated room.

The use of steel facilitates the use of equipment in conditions of a high level of pressure of the coolant inside the heating system. Steel components allow the use of bimetallic batteries in the presence of a coolant with a low quality index.

Standard sizes and diameters

Today, bimetallic radiators are produced with generally accepted standard sizes:

• thickness indicators- 9 centimeters;
• width indicators- not less than 40 centimeters;
• height indicators- 76, 94 or 112 centimeters.

It should be borne in mind that the linear parameters of heating devices can vary significantly and depend on the materials used and design features:

• if it is necessary to install thinner devices, it is impractical to use a bimetallic type of equipment, which is due to a double metal layer;
• belongs to the category of the thinnest devices option devices.

In addition, there is a difference in height, which can vary from fifteen centimeters to three meters. Standard batteries are 55-58 centimeters high.

Features of calculating heat losses

The sizes of heat transfer are indicated by the manufacturers and based on calculations for the temperature parameters of the heat carrier at seventy degrees. The operation process assumes the presence of some deviations from the set values, which requires consideration when choosing.

It is for this reason that a competent selection of heating equipment presupposes determination of the values ​​of heat losses of the building.

These calculations are based on data on all walls and ceiling structures of premises, floors, types of windows and their number, structural features of doors, material of the plaster layer and other factors, including the direction of the cardinal points, solarization, wind rose and other criteria.

Standard heat output should proceed from an indicator of one kW per ten square meters heated area. However, such results will be very approximate.

More accurate data on total heat loss allow you to get calculations using the formula:

V x 0.04 + TPok x Nok + TPdv x Ndv

• V- the volume of the heated room;
• 0,04 - standard heat loss per cubic meter of area;
• TPok- parameters of heat loss from one window according to the value of 0.1 kW;
• Nok- the total number of windows;
• TPdv- parameters of heat loss of one door according to the value of 0.2 kW;
• Nдв- the total number of doors.

More accurate data can be obtained by using a special device called a thermal imager... The device not only makes the required calculations with maximum accuracy, but also takes into account such important characteristics as hidden construction defects and poor quality of building materials.

Calculation of the required amount per area

Almost the entire volume of such radiators is produced in a standard version and has stable dimensions. To calculate the number of sections, it is advisable to use a fairly convenient formula:

According to which:

• X is the estimated number of sections in one heater;
• S corresponds to the heated area in square meters;
• N represents the power of one section.

An example of calculating the number of sections of bimetallic heating radiators by area:

For a room of 5 x 4 meters with a ceiling height of 2.5 meters, the optimal power indicator of one section is about 150 W, and the calculations in accordance with the formula are as follows -

X = S x 100: N = 5 x 4 x 100: 150 = 13.3 or 14 sections.

Good choice rules

To, which will meet all the required parameters, you should take into account some of the nuances:

• radiator dimensions should be selected according to the interior design and the amount of generated heat power;
• under the windows equipment should overlap the width of window openings by 50 or 75 percent;
• the minimum distance from the upper segment of the battery to the window sill should not be less than 10 centimeters;
• bottom of the battery should not be more than 60 centimeters closer to the floor surface;
• for rooms with non-standard shapes, the best option would be to place custom-made designer batteries;
• it should be borne in mind that such devices can have top, bottom, side and cross connection options to the system.

Due to the correct calculation of the number of sections for a bimetallic radiator you can create a comfortable temperature in the room, regardless of the weather outside the window.

And also you can reasonably cut costs for heating for the benefit of your wallet, but without sacrificing comfort.

If you want to use natural resources wisely, do not want to freeze in the cold season and do not want to overpay for heating, then replace the batteries with more energy efficient ones. And before replacing or buying new radiators, you need to calculate how many sections should be in it.

How to calculate the heat transfer of a bimetallic radiator and one section

The power of a bimetallic radiator is related to its capacity and size. The less media is in the battery, the more efficient and economical it is. Reason - small amount of water, which heats up faster, therefore much less electricity is consumed.

Photo 1. Bimetal radiator Bimetal 500/80, heat transfer - 2280 W, manufacturer - "Konner".

Calculating the number of sections

The required number of sections is calculated for each room. For this, a number of factors are taken into account: the model of the product, the level of heat transfer and the area of ​​the room.

Methods for assessing heat transfer by room dimensions

In order to correctly calculate and select the desired model in terms of area and size, first find out how many sections are required for heating 1 sq. m. The easiest way to calculate by the area of ​​the room.

By area per square meter

The calculation formula is as follows:

• N = S / P x 100.
• N- the number of sections.
• S- the area of ​​the room.
• P- kW in each section.

For example, for a room with an area (3x4) 12 sq. m. you need to do the following calculations: 12 sq. mx100 / 200W = 6 (12 m2x100 / 200W).

This means that this room needs 6 sections, however, it is important to keep in mind that these calculations are approximate. There are factors that can influence the increase in the number of sections. This is the presence of an insulated balcony, two outer walls and cold bridges that make the radiator work less effective.

For more accurate readings it is also important to consider the height of the ceiling, location of windows, method of connection, quality of insulation of external walls and their availability.

Heat transfer from bimetallic heating radiators directly depends on several parameters, which, when brought together, will show how many sections are required to accommodate a certain area.

As the practice of using bimetal in apartments with centralized heating shows, it is correct calculated power allows you to heat the room with high quality and significantly save to pay for utilities.

Attention! Disadvantage of calculation by area is that the indicators are obtained approximate.

To have an accurate idea of ​​how many sections should be in a bimetallic radiator, use other formulas. For example, by volume calculation.

By volume

Based on the center distance, the radiator volumes can fluctuate:

• 200 mm - 0.1-0.16 l.;
• 350 mm - 0.17-0.2 l.;
• 500 mm - 0.2-0.3 liters.

It turns out if in the construction 10 sections and center distance 200 mm, then the volume of water is from 1 to 1.6 liters.

For 10 with center distance 350 mm the volume of water is from 1.7 to 2 liters. If we take 10 pieces with center distance 500 mm, then the volume of water will be 2-3 liters... The most popular bimetal options are models with 8, 10, 12, 14 sections.

And also you can carry out calculations by volume ... For 1 sq. m requires 41 watts. Calculate the parameters based on the following formula:

• V = length * width * height (in meters) = volume in cubic meters. m.

As a result, you can find out the heat dissipation of the battery.

• P = V * 41 = number in W.

Correction factors

Actual heat dissipation may differ from those stated in the passport. They are influenced by the operating conditions. Therefore, remember about the correction factors B1 and B2.

Multiply the number obtained during the calculation by the coefficient:

• north and corner rooms 1,3;
• areas with severe frost 1,6;
• boxes and screens (you can add 20%, if niche - 7% );
• 100 for window heat transfer in the room increases, 200 for the door.

Useful video

Check out the video that explains the different methods for calculating the number of radiator sections.