Installing a chimney on the outside of a wooden house. Sandwich chimney installation

All photos from the article

Chimney in wooden house a necessary thing, except in cases where the heating and cooking stove can operate on electricity, but this happens extremely rarely. Of course, the main need here is focused on furnaces and boilers operating on solid fuel, but for the same gas boiler again we need a withdrawal in the form coaxial pipe.

We will now try to establish the differences between these chimneys, find out how they are installed, and in addition, we will give you the opportunity to watch the video in this article.

Various chimneys

Important!
Calculating how to route a chimney through wooden floor It is important to remember that at 200 ⁰C the charring of wood begins, and a temperature of 300 ⁰C allows you to maintain stable combustion of wood in the stove firebox.
This suggests that the main efforts should be directed at reducing the temperature at the junction of the pipe.

Installation specifications

  • In order to ensure correct device chimney in a wooden house, you don’t have to “create a bicycle”- There is practical experience, which is on this moment reflected in the form of regulations in various government documents. You can obtain the basic installation manual from SNiP 41-01-2003 (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) - it contains basic information that will be taken into account by representatives during inspection fire safety.

  • But constant temperature in the chimney may also depend on the distance of one or another section of it from the firebox, which is influenced by the design of the heater itself and the design of the chimney system. According to SNiP 41-01-2003, you need to maintain certain distances from stoves and pipes to flammable objects - in this case, it is wood (walls, partitions, rafters, etc.). Thus, brick and concrete stoves or pipes should be located at a distance of 130 mm, and metal and ceramics - 250 mm from lumber structures.

Heating table for chimney pipes with different heaters

Attention!
The same standards apply to fusible insulation materials such as polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, and so on.
When installing pipes, try to remove the insulation to the specified distance.

Brick pipes

The requirements for the distance between the chimney and the wall remain exactly the same as for floors, that is, if there is two-layer asbestos insulation, then it must be at least 250 mm, and if there is none, then it increases to 380 mm.

But sometimes such requirements can be waived a little, for example, the distance can be made a few centimeters smaller at the boiler in the steam room, since it operates periodically, however, so that the lining does not burn, it is sheathed with galvanized sheeting, as shown in the top photo.

When installing a chimney directly through a ridge, its height to the cap must be at least 200 mm. In cases where the pipe is located to the side, on a slope, it should be at least 500 mm higher than the ridge. This will ensure normal traction.

Coaxial chimney

In cases where a gas boiler forced circulation, then the “coaxial” (output) is installed only in a horizontal position. At natural circulation pipes can be installed vertically or inclined.

Conclusion

Installing chimneys with your own hands requires a lot of attention and compliance with the recommendations of SNiP 41-01-2003, since their violation can lead to a fire. In addition, from chimney draft largely depends, therefore, do not forget about the required height above the roof ridge.

The chimney is an important part of the proper arrangement of a stove, solid fuel or gas boiler. The efficiency of work depends on its correct design and installation. heating device and fire safety of the heating system.

Chimneys in a house, especially a wooden one, or in a bathhouse must be made of various fire-resistant materials. Brick chimneys are resistant to high temperatures, durable and aesthetically pleasing, but at the same time the porous and heterogeneous structure of the brick contributes to the accumulation of moisture and the deposition of combustion products - soot and soot. As a result, the clearance chimney overgrows, draft deteriorates, and operation of the stove becomes unsafe. It is especially undesirable to use brick chimneys in systems for removing smoke from solid fuel, including pellet, boilers with closed camera combustion.

Ferrous metal pipes are not recommended for use in wooden houses and bathhouses, as well as when installing gas or solid fuel boiler: They get very hot and burn out quickly, which can lead to a fire. Sometimes chimneys from such a pipe are mounted in brick garages and other utility rooms, but even there they are ineffective, as they are susceptible to corrosion and condensation.

Most good decision- insulated sandwich chimneys made of of stainless steel and ceramics. Round section pipes facilitates the passage of smoke and provides good draft. Less soot deposits on a smooth inner surface. Due to insulation, the formation of condensation is eliminated. Thanks to the modular system, their installation is easy to do yourself. Structurally, sandwich chimneys made of stainless steel and ceramics are somewhat different.

Ceramic sandwich chimney is a system of modules, each of which consists of an internal ceramic element pipes and hollow foam block. For thermal insulation, they are separated by a layer of basalt insulation. The modules are supplied disassembled and assembled on site using special glue and sealant. To install a ceramic chimney, a foundation is required due to their significant weight.

Stainless steel sandwich chimneys sold in the form of ready-made modules. They are two pipes of different diameters, nested one inside the other, and separated by a layer of insulation. The inner pipe is made of stainless steel, the outer pipe can be made of either stainless steel or galvanized sheet. They assemble much faster than ceramic ones. In addition, due to its light weight, a stainless steel chimney does not require a foundation.

Ceramic chimneys are superior to all others in fire resistance; they can withstand temperatures up to 1200 degrees Celsius for a long time; some models are equipped with ventilation systems. The service life of such chimneys is at least 50 years. But the price of ceramic chimneys is high, so their installation is advisable only in residential buildings, cottages and other permanent buildings.

General installation rules

      Quite stringent requirements are imposed on chimneys. Compliance with them is mandatory for any structures made of sandwich pipes.
    • To ensure good draft, the height of the chimney from the grate of the heating unit must be at least 5 meters.
    • The chimney located at the ridge should rise 0.5 m above it; in other cases, its height is determined according to the diagram below.

  • In this case, it is necessary to take into account the buildings standing next to the house or bathhouse; the chimney outlet should be 1.5 m higher than their roof.
  • If, as a result of calculations, the height of the chimney above the roof is more than 1.5 m, it is necessary to provide in advance for attaching it with guy wires to rigid structural elements.
  • If the roof material is flammable - ondulin, roofing felt, soft roof, then the top of the chimney must be equipped with a spark arrester - a special module with a 5x5 mm mesh.
  • You can't narrow it down smoke channel, for example, for a stove with a 120 mm smoke pipe, you cannot install modules with internal diameter 110 mm. Widening is permitted, but special adapters must be used.
  • The length of horizontal sections should not exceed 1 m. If the vertical pipe is located at a greater distance from the heating device, it is necessary to use bends at 45 degrees.
  • Bends, tees and other adapters of sandwich chimneys must be unloaded - installed so that they do not bear the weight of the higher structure. Support platforms are used for this.
  • All module joints must be accessible for inspection. They should not be placed in areas of ceilings. To meet this requirement, it is necessary to select the length of the straight sections of the chimney.

Correct assembly sequence

    1. First, connect the outlet pipe of the boiler or stove to the lower element of the chimney - a single-layer uninsulated pipe. It can consist of several modules and be vertical, horizontal or bent by 45 or 90 degrees.
    2. To switch to an insulated pipe, use an adapter. It is put on an uninsulated pipe, coating the joint with a special sealant that can withstand temperatures up to 1300 degrees Celsius.

  • Further assembly is done with your own hands from insulated elements. They are inserted into each other so that the upper part fits over the lower part. The top can be determined by the edge of the pipe - it is wavy, which makes joining easier. With this installation, the internal channel is connected “along the smoke”, that is, the direction of the joints is located so as not to interfere with the smoke flows inside. All elements are connected with heat-resistant sealant.

According to the place of installation, smoke removal systems are divided into internal ones, passing through interfloor ceilings both the roof and the outer ones located at external wall building. In this case, the chimney outlet is made through the wall of the house or bathhouse.

    • The part passing through heated rooms may be made of single stainless pipe- its surface becomes very hot when fuel burns and additionally gives off heat. When passing through an unheated attic in a house or bathhouse or outside, the chimney requires mandatory insulation, so sandwich modules are used for this part of it.
    • A direct chimney can rest directly on a heating device - a stove, a pellet boiler. If there are branches or bends, it is necessary to install support platforms at the floor level, at least every 5 meters.

  • At outdoor installation the system is secured using wall fastenings - brackets with clamps. They are sold complete with chimneys. The lower part of the chimney is supported by a cantilever bracket.
  • The pipe is equipped with cleaning facilities in places convenient for access. They are a tee with a plug placed on the outlet. If necessary, remove the plug and inspect and clean the smoke channel from soot. A plug with a condensate receiver is installed at the bottom of the pipe.

  • The greatest attention should be paid to passages through walls, ceilings and roofs. For them, special modules are used: “passage through the ceiling” and “passage through the roof”. The top of the pipe is equipped with an umbrella to ensure fire safety, improve draft and ventilation.

In a wooden house

Before installing a smoke removal system with your own hands, you need to study fire safety requirements to chimneys installed in a wooden house.

    In addition to the above, they have a number of features:
  • the distance from the uninsulated chimney to any combustible surfaces must be at least 25 cm horizontally and 80 cm vertically;
  • passages of the chimney through the roofs must be carried out using passage units - metal boxes filled with thermal insulation material, usually basalt mats;
  • in the case of connecting several smoke channels into one, it is advisable to place the vertical chimney in a separate box made of non-flammable material, for example, foam concrete.
An inspection of all sections of a stainless steel chimney in a wooden house must be carried out at least twice a year! If external damage, discoloration of steel, or rust is detected, you must ensure the integrity of the inner pipe - it could burn out!

WITH simple designs smokehouses for cold smoking and methods of their manufacture at home and hiking conditions can I meet you?
All stages of manufacturing a smoke generator for cold smoking are described in detail in the following article:

In the bath

Bathhouse is a place of increased fire danger. Heat wooden surfaces in the bath it reaches 90-100 degrees, and the temperature at which wood begins to char is 120-150 degrees with prolonged exposure. Heats up the most wooden elements located near the chimney. Therefore, fire safety distances must be strictly observed.

The sequence of installation of passages through the wall and ceiling in the bathhouse, which can also be used in the house, is shown in the video.

Since the largest part of heat loss in wooden bath occurs through ceilings, the pipe is often routed through walls.

Chimney for buleryan

Connecting a buleryan to a chimney with your own hands is generally no different from other types of heating devices, but it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the combustion mode in this type of stove.

Thanks to efficient afterburning flue gases their temperature at the furnace outlet does not exceed 200 degrees. As it moves through the pipe, it decreases even more, the pipe warms up weakly, which is why condensation can form on the walls of the pipe. When soot is deposited on wet walls, carbonic acid is formed, which negatively affects materials such as brick, ferrous metal, and asbestos.

    Therefore, additional requirements are imposed on chimneys for Buleryan:
  • recommended height - from 3 to 4 meters;
  • the length of the horizontal section is strictly no more than 1 meter;
  • the material of the internal surface must be resistant to acid - sandwich chimneys made of stainless steel or ceramics;
  • It is recommended to insulate all sections of the chimney except the exit from the buleryan;
  • The chimney must be equipped with a condensate collector and cleaning.

Effective operation of the buleryan is only possible with access to the firebox fresh air, therefore, it is advisable to use a modular ceramic chimney with channels for ventilation; its installation, thanks to the prefabricated modular design, can be done with your own hands.

For solid fuel boilers

Regular solid fuel boilers those burning coal, wood or having a pellet burner are different high temperature flue gases. Pyrolysis boilers with the regime long burning burn the combustion products contained in the smoke more efficiently, so the output is more low temperature, and, like buleryan, are prone to increased condensation.

    Before ordering chimney components for a solid fuel boiler, you should check the technical data sheet for the following characteristics:
  • boiler type;
  • location and diameter of the smoke pipe;
  • flue gas temperature;
  • recommended chimney height to ensure good draft;
  • the need for additional ventilation.

You should also inspect the boiler design and evaluate the difficulty of cleaning the smoke pipe. If access to it from inside the boiler is difficult, it is necessary to provide an inspection tee in the immediate vicinity of the boiler outlet.

If the pellet boiler is equipped with a closed combustion chamber, it would be more advisable to install a coaxial chimney with a ventilation system.

For gas boilers

Gas boilers belong to heating units with a closed combustion chamber, so for them the most effective installation would be coaxial chimney. It is a structure consisting of two pipes of different diameters, with the smaller pipe inserted into the larger one and secured in it with jumpers.

By inner contour The coaxial pipe removes flue gases from the combustion chamber of the gas boiler to the street, and air moves in the opposite direction through the gap between the chimney pipes. It enters the combustion chamber and supports combustion, without taking air from the room where the gas boiler is installed, which significantly improves the microclimate in the house and eliminates the installation of an additional ventilation system.

Air is a good heat insulator, so the outer surface of the coaxial chimney heats up slightly. At the same time, in ventilation duct the air is heated and enters the combustion chamber of the gas boiler already warm, which increases the efficiency of the boiler.

Installation of a coaxial chimney for a gas boiler is most often done through a wall, less often through ceilings and a roof, as this increases costs. Safe distances from building structures when installing a coaxial chimney are shown in the picture.

Video about installing a coaxial chimney

When installing a conventional sandwich chimney on a gas boiler, you must do it yourself additional system supply ventilation, since the oxygen necessary for combustion will be absorbed from the air.

Correct installation of a chimney is the key to a long and safe work heating system both in the house and in the bathhouse. It is possible to do it yourself, but if you have even the slightest doubt about your abilities, it is better to entrust this task to professionals. They will make calculations and help you choose best view chimney, a gas exhaust and ventilation system will be installed, and the owner of the house will only have to independently inspect and clean the chimney.

Homeowners, as a rule, take the organization of heating in their homes very seriously, choose the safest boiler models, and turn to experienced stove makers. However, what is sometimes overlooked is that incorrect chimney installation is often even more dangerous.

Chimney pipe – essential element heating system in a private house, the assembly of which is carried out in accordance with building regulations and fire safety requirements. Installation of a chimney carried out without following these rules is fraught with irreversible consequences– fire or poisoning in the house carbon monoxide. Today’s article will tell you about the types of chimneys, their design and installation methods.

The chimney pipe serves to transfer smoke and combustion products into the atmosphere; it starts from the inlet pipe of the heating device in the house and ends above the roof ridge with a protective umbrella. In private construction, the following types are mainly used:

The material from which the chimney is made can be selected correctly based on three factors: compliance with the material of the heating device, low thermal conductivity and tightness of the connections.

Chimney outlet methods

The main task of a chimney is to remove smoke outside the house, which can be organized in several ways. The choice of pipe insertion location depends on the location of the heating device, free space and type of chimney. The following pipe placement options are used:


External placement works well for bulky structures brick chimney, and if you lead a metal pipe through the wall, you will have to take care additional insulation or using special sandwich pipes.

Chimney requirements

The selection of elements is carried out taking into account the requirements technical characteristics heating device. In order for the system to operate smoothly, the basic principles of chimney design must be observed:

  1. Preferred round form, since combustion products and dust accumulate in the corners of the pipe. Round chimneys require cleaning less often than rectangular and square ones.
  2. The cross-section of the pipe should not be less than the diameter of the heating device pipe. It is calculated that for every kilowatt of power, 8 square meters are required to ensure the proper level of thrust. cm sections. Usually information about required size the chimney is contained in the instructions for the heating device.
  3. Each heating device requires the installation of its own chimney. In some cases, you can deviate from this rule, but then the devices must be located at a different height, the distance between the connection points is 1 m or more. And the size of the pipe cross-section should take into account the total power of the heat generators.
  4. The total length of the horizontal sections of the chimney cannot exceed 1 m; violation of this rule reduces the draft force.
  5. The chimney ends 0.5-1.5 m above the ridge, at flat roof– 0.5 m above the surface.

The main criterion for selecting pipes is fire safety requirements and compliance with the heat-generating device, appearance, aesthetics and saving space inside the house are secondary.

Installation sequence

Installation of an internal chimney begins with drawing up a diagram and calculation required quantity pipe segments. To assemble correctly, the device is performed in the following order:

Scheme of the chimney outlet through the corrugated roof


After installation is completed, it is necessary to start the heating system, check the draft and tightness of the connections - even a small amount of smoke indicates serious problems, the decision of which is unsafe to postpone.

Installing a chimney in a house is a responsible undertaking, the quality of which determines the comfort and safety of operation of the heating system, so follow the manufacturers’ recommendations and installation technology.

Video instruction

The chimney in a private house is most often built invisible to the eye. This can be done even at the planning stage of building a house. If there are several chimneys in the house, then they are combined into one or two devices.

Device steel chimney in a private house

The design of the chimney depends on functional features devices for which they are intended. The complexity and configuration of the chimney depends on their location and power.

Types of chimneys:

  • ventilation,
  • gas outlets,
  • smoke

Ventilation systems

Main function ventilation pipes is that they help remove polluted air masses from the room.

Originally made brick ventilation chimney

Ventilation ducts must be in those places where the room is least ventilated. It is especially important to place such pipes in the kitchen area, bathroom, and toilet.

Gas exhaust systems

Gas exhaust chimney pipes are used if the house uses gas system heating. They remove combustion products outside the room, and thus ensure the safety of using the heating system. Pipes must be able to withstand a variety of influences harmful substances. As soon as combustion products enter the chimney, they immediately react with the moisture that is already in the pipe. As a result of this, an oxidation process occurs, which can cause destruction or internal deformation of the pipe. Also, such a chimney helps to increase draft.


Diagram of the device and design of the flue pipe of the chimney

Smoke pipes

Chimneys are used when installed in a house heating equipment that runs on solid fuel - these can be stoves or fireplaces. There are most of them in the house, which is why they are often combined into one or more.


device diagram and design of a brick chimney

Chimney pipes

The chimney design is quite simple; it involves the use of special pipes through which polluted air or combustion products are discharged outside the room.

Pipes are:

  • brick,
  • metal,
  • ceramic,
  • polymer.

Distinctive features of a brick chimney

Despite the fact that today it is very a large number of materials that can be used to construct a chimney, brick chimneys have still been very popular for many years.


Brick chimney

This type of chimney has its advantages. It cannot be plastered inside, which will help save on finishing materials. It is also worth considering that the masonry of a brick chimney must have a joint of 1 cm. If it is recommended to use cement-lime or lime mortar indoors, then in the upper part of the building you can already use ordinary concrete mixture for masonry.

Advice. In order to use a brick chimney in a house, it is necessary to make a more powerful foundation for the building - brick will add extra load to the walls of the building and to its foundation.

In addition to the advantages, there are also a certain number of design disadvantages. Brick, due to its rough surface, can accumulate dirt. That is why such a pipe becomes clogged with soot very quickly.

Since combustion products exit through a brick chimney, oxygen condensate is formed, which makes the brick pipe susceptible to destruction. It happens that a piece of brick breaks off and falls into the pipe. All this can significantly narrow the chimney channel and make it difficult for air masses to escape.

To ensure a long service life of a brick chimney, it is recommended to insert an asbestos-cement pipe inside. The gap between the brick and the pipe is filled with concrete mortar.


An example of using an asbestos cement pipe

Ceramic structures

Ceramic pipes are ready-made structures for constructing a chimney. They are sold in a modular design. Her inner tube made of acid-resistant, heat-resistant and durable ceramics.

Ceramic chimney pipes have a number of advantages and are very smooth surface. Thanks to this, soot does not accumulate on it, which is formed as a result of the passage of contaminated air masses formed during the combustion process.

Installation of a ceramic pipe for a chimney

Like brick chimneys, ceramic chimneys are quite heavy. It is for this reason that it is worth using a foundation for the structure.

Metal chimneys

As for metal pipes for the construction of a chimney, due to their ease of Lately began to enjoy great popularity. They also have a smooth surface, which eliminates the accumulation of soot. Accordingly, the air will flow much better.

Read also

Ventilation in a multi-storey apartment building

High-quality thermal insulation is quite simple. For this, basalt wool is used, which is laid inside the pipe. It will only be necessary to correctly determine the thickness of the material, since a large thickness can completely or partially block the pipe and it will be very difficult for air masses to escape.


Installation of a metal chimney pipe

As a rule, metal chimneys are made of stainless steel, which is very resistant to all climatic, weather and other influences.

Modern chimney pipes are polymer structures. The pipe itself is very soft and has quite a small weight. The chimney will be distinguished by its practicality and durability. You can install the pipe yourself, and any beginner can handle it.

Modern polymer chimney

Most often, polymer pipes are used if the house has a system gas heating(boilers or columns). Such pipes can only be inserted into a chimney that is made of brick.

Types of chimneys

Today there are two types of chimney structures: a structure located inside the building and a chimney outside the house. They differ not only in the materials from which they can be constructed, but also in size and type.


Drawings and design of internal and external chimneys in a private residential building

Typically, to build a chimney inside a house, brick or ceramic pipes. It is more rational to use metal chimneys outdoors, as they are resistant to temperature changes and are not exposed to moisture.

A chimney inside the house can also be made in two ways, more about this in the video

The chimney can be used in both brick and wooden building. Only the chimney in a wooden house must be properly constructed, since wood chars very quickly. There is a special technology for constructing a chimney in a wooden structure.

Construction of a chimney in a wooden house

Most often, there are several chimneys in a wooden house. But the number of such structures largely depends on the amount of equipment used in the house. The house must have a heating system with a separate chimney and may have a fireplace, which also has a separate chimney.

All chimney structures in the house must be installed on the roof of the building and made in compliance with all norms and standards.

Chimney in a wooden house

In order to properly build a chimney in a wooden house, you need to draw up project documentation and contact specialists in this field who can correctly draw up a chimney project.

The life safety of everyone living in the house depends on a properly built chimney, and the equipment itself will work better. The latter applies to gas heating boilers and pipes for fireplaces.

The chimney in a wooden house should only be in a vertical position. Of course, there is an exception to the rule. You can build it with a deviation that is no more than 30 degrees from the vertical position. If it is necessary to bring the pipes outside, and this cannot be done without moving the chimney pipe, then the size of such a transfer can be no more than 100 cm.


Options for building a chimney in a wooden house made of timber

As for the removal of the chimney on the roof of the building, it will largely depend on the type of roof and the type of roof itself.

Advice. When building a chimney on the roof, it is worth considering the direction of the wind, which is most common in this region. This is necessary due to the fact that if the chimney pipe is connected to a heating boiler, then wind masses can enter the pipe and thereby cause intermittent combustion of the fuel substance.

If there is, then the smoke exhaust pipe must be constructed with high quality. This will prevent smoke from entering the room and allow it to escape outside.

Recently, a chimney for a fireplace in a wooden house is quite complex design, which uses pipe-in-pipe technology.

The chimney itself consists of three components:

  • stainless steel pipes;
  • layer of thermal insulation material;
  • steel pipe.

Initially, a stainless steel pipe is wrapped in thermal insulation material, which can be secured to it using wire or any other material. After that finished design inserted into metal pipe, which will have larger diameter than internal.


Methods for installing chimney pipes in a wooden house

In addition to this method of constructing a chimney, there is another way; a plastic stocking is used for this. Its main advantage is that it heats up very quickly and cools down quickly. It can also be used when it is necessary to make a fairly large number of chimney passages.

Building a chimney in a wooden house is not so easy. After all, wood begins to char already at a temperature of 200°C, and sustainable combustion of wood begins at 300°C.

Therefore, we need to install a chimney in a wooden house in such a way as not to burn the house down and not be poisoned by gaseous combustion products.

If you plan to install a chimney in a wooden house, then before you start installation, you need to find out what is the temperature of the exhaust gases in the heating device in your house? Table 1 shows the flue gas temperature depending on the type of heating device and the fuel used.

People have been living in wooden houses for thousands of years and using stoves, hearths and fireplaces, and have developed considerable experience during this time. This experience is collected in regulations on construction, installation and fire safety. A chimney is being installed in a wooden house in accordance with regulatory documents adopted by government agencies.

There is a guideline document SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”. It is this document that governs state regulatory authorities.

SNiP states that it is prohibited to place flammable elements closer than 130 mm in the clear distance from concrete and brick pipes or ceramic pipes in thermal insulation. For ceramic chimney pipes without thermal insulation, this distance should be even greater - 250 mm.

Wood is a flammable material, most modern insulation materials It is also highly flammable, and polymer vapor and waterproofing films are even more so. Therefore, we must ensure that these materials do not touch our chimney.

Brick chimney

Despite the mass of new materials for making chimneys, brick still remains quite popular and in demand.

Let us remind you that:

  1. The pipe should be laid with a bandage, inside the house using lime or cement-lime mortar, and cement mortar is used above the roof.
  2. According to the “Rules for Pipe and Stove Works”, chimneys must be made of solid red brick, the seam no thicker than 10 mm. It is prohibited to plaster the inner surface of the pipe.
  3. Serious weight requires a foundation.
  4. Brickwork is destroyed by acid condensate, brick fragments can collapse inward and narrow the cross-section of the channel.
  5. Due to the roughness of the brick, soot accumulates inside the chimney pipe.

For decreasing negative aspects, the installation of a brick chimney is carried out as follows: an asbestos-cement pipe is placed in the smoke channel and the space between it and the brick is filled with concrete. This event is called gilzovka.

Interfloor overlap

The figure below shows the passage of a chimney through a wooden ceiling. On the left is a passage device using 2 layers of asbestos, then the distance from the pipe to wooden beam overlap is equal to 1 brick, that is, 250 mm. And on the right is shown an option without asbestos, in which case the distance from the chimney to the wooden floor beam should be no less than 1.5 bricks, that is 380 mm.

Wall

  1. The wooden wall must be insulated from the chimney, the distance from the “smoke” to the tree must be no less 25 cm. If there is no asbestos insulation, then this distance should be no less 38 cm. This retreat can be closed with quarter-brick walls on the sides.
  2. In new log houses, it is customary to install a plank board attached to the wall on a sliding fit to compensate for the inevitable settlement of the log house. And the quarter in this shield should be adjacent to the side closing wall
  3. Holes are made in the side walls for air circulation. Up and down.
  4. Wooden setback floors are covered with one row of bricks, tiles or other fireproof materials.

A very important question: how to remove the chimney through the roof? A correctly organized chimney passage through the roof is shown in Fig. 2.

  1. When planning to bring the pipe through the ceiling, you should make sure that the distance between the outer surface of the brick pipe and wooden rafters regulated no less 130 mm.
  2. This space is filled with stone (basalt) wool, made without an organic binder.
  3. If the roof was installed from flammable materials, such as roofing felt, the distance should be doubled to 260 mm.
  4. In the place where it is planned to remove the chimney, the roof is covered with fireproof materials, for example slate, or better yet, roofing steel, at a distance of at least 500 mm from the pipe and carefully adjust the pipes to the otter.

Pipe height above roof

The picture below shows general scheme height of the pipe above the pitched roof.

The height of the chimney above the roof is taken as follows:

Ceramic chimneys

IN last years a chimney in a wooden house is often made of ceramics(cm. ):

  1. This is actually modular system, installation is carried out from prefabricated elements of complete factory readiness.
  2. Inner tube made of heat-resistant, durable and acid-resistant ceramic.
  3. Due to the smoothness of the inner surface of ceramic pipes, soot does not accumulate on them and there is no turbulence in the draft flow.
  4. Due to the significant weight of the chimney system, installation of a foundation is required.

Metal chimneys

Chimneys made from sandwich pipes (see) have gained well-deserved popularity:

  1. Convenient and quick installation.
  2. Lightweight structures do not require a separate foundation and do not require a foundation.
  3. Filling with mineral (basalt) wool of the required thickness provides the necessary thermal insulation.
  4. The smoothness of the inner walls does not allow soot to accumulate and does not disrupt the draft air flow.
  5. The pipe has a complex structure; an acid-resistant grade of stainless steel is used for the internal channel, this guarantees the durability and safety of the smoke removal system.

When choosing a chimney, you should not forget about the flue gas temperatures shown in Table 1.

Therefore, the thickness of the internal stainless wall of the pipe should be:

  • from 0.5 mm for gas, diesel and pellet boilers;
  • from 0.8 to 1.0 mm for furnaces, sauna stoves and fireplaces;
  • from 1.0 mm for coal boilers.

The thickness of the thermal insulation layer should be up to 100 mm in the case of stoves, fireplaces and coal boilers, and in the case of automated boilers the layer thickness should be up to 50 mm.

Overlap

I repeat once again that an undoubted convenience is the availability of ready-made elements for all occasions. If one supplier does not have it, then we can easily find another supplier who can supply all the necessary kit.

  1. In the case of interfloor slabs, we take ready-made factory-made cutting.
  2. This cutting is called attic or interfloor.
  3. The inner diameter must match the outer diameter of the sandwich pipe.
  4. We cut out a square hole between the beams, corresponding to the size of the square part of the cutting; you can make a reserve to wrap the metal with another 1-2 layers of non-flammable basalt cloth.
  5. We carry through round hole chimney.
  6. Filling the space basalt wool

Important! All chimney pipe joints must remain outside. They should not get into the ceiling.

Roof

The problem of how to install a chimney through the roof is solved in much the same way as in the case of overlapping. We take ready-made elements, in particular ready-made roof trim, some call it roof trim. They are different sizes and with different slope angles.

  1. Installing a roof passage unit is still much more difficult than installing a floor passage unit.
  2. The distance from the pipe to the tree must be at least 250 mm from each side. The hole and chimney are covered from above with a special element - a roof.
  3. This roof is inserted from above under slate or tiles, and from below is placed on top of the tiles.
  4. On top of the roof, a kopinik is put on the chimney pipe and clamped with a clamp. This provides protection from precipitation.
  5. The space between the chimney and the rafters is filled with non-flammable mineral (basalt) wool and covered from below with a metal reflector.