Installation of interior doors, basic rules. Elimination of common defects when repairing a door frame How to align an interior door

Correct most defects in the door frame interior door not difficult. The biggest difficulty that awaits the master is dismantling the canvas and correcting the shape of the box. Other types of repair work are more likely to be cosmetic in nature, and do not require special skills.

Types of problems and damage

All types of internal door problems are divided into two categories: damaged appearance of the product and improper functioning.

To correct defects decorative cladding the canvas will need to be reconstructed. Such work is carried out in the same way as restoration of cabinet wooden furniture.

Malfunctions of the door are expressed as follows:

• The sash closes unsatisfactorily and loosely, resulting in abrasions on the floor covering. It is necessary to repair the hinges and adjust the position of the blade;

Important! When the sash often comes into contact with the frame, it is necessary to adjust the position of the leaf relative to the frame.

• Uneven gap around the circumference of the vestibule (slits appear on one side, and on the other the panel rubs against the frame);
• Sagging of the sash. Its own weight causes such deformation. If long time do not correct the deformation, this will lead to distortion of the box;
• When the blade moves, a creaking noise is heard. In this situation, you simply need to lubricate the hinges. If the creaking does not go away, then it is worth checking the frame for distortion;
• The door doesn't open. If the humidity in the room is high, this will negatively affect the door frame. Moisture causes the frame to deform and misalignment occurs. A breakdown of the locking device can also lead to such a malfunction.

Sometimes specific type Door deformation is a consequence of several factors, so you need to consider all options for problems that arise with the doorway and be able to eliminate them yourself.

Causes of defects:

• Incorrect door installation;
• Poor quality or weak loops for heavy fabric;
• Wear of loops or deterioration of their fixation;
• Building shrinkage;
• Poor fixation of the frame in the doorway.

Important! If the problems are related to faulty hinges, repairing the door will not be difficult. It is much more difficult to correct errors made during installation or eliminate the effects of shrinkage. We have to re-install the box and canvas again.

How to fix a door frame

The most difficult damage is deformation of the door frame; it is not always possible to fix it yourself, since you have to completely redo the frame.

Important! If the damage is not repaired, the canvas will soon shift diagonally, begin to rub, and with prolonged and intense pressure, the stand may also become deformed. This risks repairing not only the door, but also the wall.

How to align and adjust a door frame after installation

To repair the inner door frame, you will need to remove the panel from the hinges. Next, measure and determine the location where the displacement occurred. To determine the sagging, you need to check the diagonal.

Removing the fabric from the hinges, photo

Remove decorative elements from the door structure and screw additional bolts into the door leaf. This manipulation will help to secure the structure more firmly in the correct position.

old polyurethane foam You will need to remove and wedge the spacers.

By using special knife get rid of the old layer of foam

After this work, the structure can be foamed.

Foam the box again

Restoration of the internal door frame

Restoration work is carried out without removing the door. This is not required for puttying and masking scratches formed on the surface.

One of the simplest repair processes is adjusting the locking of the lock - the latch. Rubbing the “tongue” against the end plate on the box is a common defect. There are many reasons for this type of problem to occur. The most common:

• A slight violation of the shape of the canvas or opening;
• Minor sagging of the sash.

To eliminate such a problem, sometimes a few gentle blows with a hammer on the end of the plate window on the rubbing side are enough. A more decisive and time-consuming method is to remove the plate and increase the dimensions of the recess in the frame, seal the old mounting holes and reinstall the plate.

Incorrectly or poorly supplied frames, shrinkage of the building, which led to direct deformation of the shape of the doorway, require dismantling the old structure and installing it again.

Dismantling the door product, photo

Important! If the dismantling process is carried out as accurately as possible, then all elements of the box can be installed again.

The removed trims reveal the mounting seam, and the hinges and end strip on the box, on the contrary, “hide” the fastening points.

After release assembly seam Unscrew the fasteners and remove the box. If the frame is fixed with foam, then the dismantling process is greatly simplified.

Sometimes it happens that the mounting bolts cannot be unscrewed. In this case, they are cut off and the box is shifted slightly so that the new attachment points do not come into contact with the old ones.

The door frame is reinstalled, observing all requirements regarding levels in the vertical and horizontal planes and the size of the gaps between the door leaf and the frame.

Installation and fixation of the box

Important! Be sure to keep a gap between floor covering and canvas for supply and exhaust ventilation.

The final step is hanging the canvas and checking the functionality of the structure, securing end strip locking device and platbands.

Repairing a door frame when fasteners are loose

Installation of platbands, photo

If the wood screws that hold the frame become loose, you can simply tighten them. Sometimes this method does not bring results, because the screws do not hold well in loose holes.

In this case, it is advisable to replace the fasteners. You can also equip old holes with plugs and install self-tapping screws in them.

If the door frame was fastened with nails, it is worth strengthening the structure with additional screws.

If door frame fixed in brickwork, in this case, holes are drilled in the slopes, and dowels are used for fastening.

When the door does not close tightly and vibrates in the frame renovation work consist of rearranging the locking device. For this purpose, unscrew the fastening screws and carefully remove the mechanism. To move the locking device latch, you need to expand its socket. This is done using a chisel, the old mounting holes are sealed, and the device itself is installed in a new location.

If the sash swings open and closes with difficulty, the leaf rubs against the threshold, which means the fastening hinges have become loose. To correct the situation, tighten all the screws so that the hinges stop moving.

Adjusting hinges, photo

Important! If the subsidence continues over time, the screws will need to be replaced.

Door frame trims

if the platbands have worn out and become unpresentable appearance, in some places they move away from the jamb, this indicates the need to replace them.

New trims are purchased taking into account the immediate dimensions and type of connection.

The platbands are removed and the surface of the frame is sanded. When removing the platband, a gap may form between the wall and the frame. During repairs, this gap is foamed.

Algorithm for replacing the platband:

• Perform markings. The part is applied horizontally so that the upper edge deviates from the outer border of the vertical casing by approximately 5 mm, and the edge with inside from the edge of the frame - 5 mm. If necessary, the structure is leveled;
• Holding the part, place a mark 5 mm horizontally from the inner edge of the frame. Similar manipulations are carried out with the other casing;
• The workpieces are cut at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the applied markings. After which they are fixed on the box;
• The vertical casing is also made and attached;

Important! Angles new design also fixed with self-tapping screws.

Installation of the door and its adjustment should be carried out as accurately as possible so as not to deform the panel or frame.

Experts recommend that if you have wooden interior doors, you should do preventive maintenance, at least once a year, and then the door product will last a long time. If there are doubts about your own adjustment and repair, then it is better to entrust all manipulations to specialists.

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Ecology of consumption. Manor: A collection of tips with which you can make heating external staircase, storm drains and drains, as well as calculate the power of electric heated floors.

Due to installation errors or simply due to dilapidation, a metal door can significantly lose its stability. Depending on the type of awnings and design, doors may be used various methods elimination of distortion, including those requiring serious surgical intervention. Let's talk in more detail about how to eliminate the distortion of a metal door.

Determination of deformations

Curvature door leaf, wear of the canopies or deformation of the installation frame? Damage to metal door block may have a number of reasons, each of which manifests itself nearby characteristic features. Therefore, you should start with an accurate diagnosis.

For heavy safe doors, sagging of the door leaf is most common due to deformation of the hinges or their attachment points. In this case, there is an uneven gap along the contour of the narthex between the frame of the canvas and the inner edges of the box. The end result of such a defect will be the appearance of abrasions, usually in the upper part on the hinge side and the lower part on the lock side.

Deformation of the metal door leaf is also a very common phenomenon. The problem is that a thin steel sheet is reinforced with stiffening ribs, and the connection is made by electric arc welding. With this manufacturing method technological process production must include a low tempering procedure to eliminate residual stresses near the welds. If steel structure does not undergo heat treatment, lens-shaped and helical twisting of the leaf is only a matter of time, especially when making a door from thin (0.75–1 mm) metal. The most intense twisting occurs during dynamic temperature conditions operation. The most obvious consequence of such a defect will be problems with locking the locks, as well as the uneven formation of through gaps along the contour of the vestibule.

If, when opening, the door eventually begins to touch the floor, and when you try to lift the door, there is noticeable play, most likely the reason lies in a violation of the installation technology. In this case, one can note the accumulation of construction dust on the floor near the edges door frame, as well as the formation of cracks in adjacent sections of the wall and loose fitting of the platbands. The essence of the problem is simple - the fastening of the door in the wall has weakened, a complete reinstallation is necessary.

Type of hanging system

Wear and deformation of hinges are the most common reason door skewing. Usually, damage to canopies is clearly visible to the naked eye: the hollow cylinder of the hinge has an uneven indentation from the surface of the box. The problem becomes more complicated when the door is hung on hidden hinges, as well as when the supporting rubbing surfaces wear out. In the latter case, the door sags evenly, that is, in the upper part the false gap is significantly wider than in the lower part. In some cases, the situation can be corrected by adjusting the hinges, but for this, the pin must have a threaded fit in the glass.

Hinges that are mechanically attached to the canvas and the box are easier and more difficult to fix at the same time. The ease of repair lies in the fact that there is no need for welding work. Problems arise when it is not the swivel mechanism, and there is a bending of the door body or frame. These types of defects are typical for cheap hollow tin doors. Manufacturers of heavier products often rely on awnings to consumables and structurally provide simple procedure their replacement.

The narthex and gaps from the door frame

The production of metal doors has its own system of tolerances for compliance with dimensions and geometry. The most stringent requirements apply to the preservation common plane in two places: the protrusions of the door leaf behind the frame and on the front edges of the door frame. Safe doors require alignment of the general plane of the door leaf and trim, as well as parallelism of the ends of the leaf and the internal edges of the frame. In other words, in the closed position, the adjacent parts should converge as tightly as possible.

You need to understand that deviation of clearances from the norm is not always a consequence of operational wear. Quite often, the door block initially has incorrect geometry, which is simply not paid attention to when accepting the door. You can check the coincidence of key planes using laser level, it is enough to build a vertical axis and align it, taking one of the vertical edges of the door frame as the base. By hitting all the corners and sides of the door frame on a target, you can find out which part of the door frame is curved. It is even easier to check the door; for this, use the correct ruler with an accuracy class of 0.5 mm/m. Canvas sizes and doorway are checked both on parallel sides and on diagonals.

The factor of violation of shape and size during manufacturing must be excluded, because if it is present, attempts to correct the position of the door will not lead to a positive result. A mismatch in the basic geometry is a direct reason to contact the door manufacturer about replacing a substandard product. However, remember that for each metal door there is also a tolerance for reversible deformation that appears due to the temperature difference on both sides of the leaf. Therefore, a geometry control check should be carried out at least twice during the year.

Replacing awnings

Installation of new hinges with mechanical fastening You can do it yourself with just one hex key. First you need to support and fix the door in a half-open position with a sufficient opening width for comfortable work. The hinges are changed sequentially, so there is no significant subsidence. Upon completion of the work, it is necessary to make an adjustment, the process of which is carefully described in the instructions for a certain type of hinge. Additional difficulties may arise when the metal in the door frame or door frame pillars is deformed. In such situations, it is necessary to cut out repair windows, straighten the deformed area and strengthen it with a steel plate applied from the inside, extending onto the undamaged parts for at least a third of the total length in both directions.

Heavy external hinges are more difficult to replace. The first problems are observed already at the stage of selecting spare parts for replacement. If the hinges are made to order, take the trouble to ensure that they are hardened at the end of production, because the pins tend to bend precisely due to the dampness of the metal. It is also recommended that hinges be manufactured to accommodate the installation of a support ball bearing.

When replacing hinges, it makes sense to install more of them, which will help compensate for the heaviness of the door leaf. The procedure is as follows: the door is removed from the hinges, the canopies are cut off with a cutting wheel on both sides and the weld marks are carefully cleaned. Next, the door is pressed tightly against the frame, while from the inside, using mounting wedges, an equal gap is established on all sides of the rebate. You must first weld the hinges onto tacks at four points, then make sure the installation is correct and remove the doors from the hinges. You can even scald the canopies with an ordinary coated electrode, the main thing is to do it in the lower position with a seam with frequent tearing. The hinges are welded to the door frame in a vertical position of the seam with the direction from bottom to top. In order not to damage the rolling body, it is first removed from the glass along with the lubricant packed inside.

Correction of installation box geometry

While the metal door leaf cannot bend in its own plane due to its high rigidity, the installation frame can be noticeably deformed. The reason for this may be either pressure from the unsupported opening, or simply deflection under the weight of the hung door. Usually, to eliminate this effect, the door block is equipped with distributed anchor fastening, which remains entirely at the discretion of the installers.

Correcting the geometry of the steel frame is quite simple. To do this, you need to determine the base - the smoothest side of the box, located as close as possible to any of the normals. Using the laser axis plotter method described above, you need to create a deformation map to know exactly which way and how much to move the remaining ribs.

The curved sides of the door frame are subject to partial cutting: you need to clean the foam or cement seam and provide a gap sufficient for alignment. Next, you need to drill into the ends of the opening and place a number of anchors directed along the axes to counteract the efforts aimed at aligning the frame. For concrete walls It is recommended to use expansion anchors; for loose and cellular anchors - chemical ones. The thickness of the studs in both cases should be comparable to the overall cross-section of the box profile. Further actions are obvious: with the help of levers and spacers the frame is given correct form, after which the entire block is attached to the anchors by welding.

Straightening the web

The door leaf itself can be bent in directions parallel to its own plane, that is, by a propeller, twisting and swelling. Typically, the thickness of the steel sheet in the web is small enough to carry out leveling, albeit with retention of residual stresses.

This will require removing and disassembling the door, removing the internal lining, insulation, locks and bolt locking system. The essence of straightening is to install additional stiffening ribs located in the direction of bending. That is, if central part the door is curved outward, and the upper and lower edges are turned inward, the stiffener is installed vertically. Accordingly, when bending along a vertical axis, the installation of one or more horizontal ribs is required, and when helical twisting, diagonal ones are required.

Straightening the canvas in this way does not just require subsequent painting and replacement of the filler, this work must be carried out with feeling and understanding of the matter. First, it may be necessary to completely or fragmentarily remove all stiffening ribs with the exception of edging ones. Before installing new reinforcing elements, the door must be laid on a flat plane, and then, using pads and bending, bend the door in the direction opposite to the direction of curvature. In this case, the reverse deformation must be carried out with a certain margin to compensate for the elasticity of the metal.

When is door block reinstallation necessary?

Summarizing the above, it can be argued that even very severe distortion and deformation of the door can be corrected. However, there are situations in which half-measures are not enough.

We are talking about installation defects in which the door jams or is not firmly secured in the opening. Thus, the design of the frame of a heavy safe door must necessarily include external gussets in the corners that absorb compression and tension loads from the massive door leaf. The side of the frame with hinges must be reinforced with multi-directional crossbars or anchors extending into the body of the wall at least 25–30 cm.

If these and similar requirements for the installation of metal doors have not been met, then even very careful leveling work will be useless over time. The right decision will carry out complete dismantling with temporary installation of the cheapest door, and then correct the geometry of the removed door block and mount it back, observing all the rules and requirements. published

If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to the experts and readers of our project.

It is difficult to imagine any home, no matter how many rooms it has, without interior doors. First of all, this enclosing structure is necessary for bathrooms and toilet rooms. Therefore, it is important that interior doors work properly for a long time. For this purpose, at the final stage of door installation, it is adjusted.

In addition, it is often necessary to adjust old doors. It is this process that we will try to understand in our article. But let's start with general description structural elements of an interior door.

Often homeowners, who are not naturally deprived of the ability to do manual labor, decide to self-installation and adjusting the doors of rooms in your home. In principle, such work can be done with your own hands. But first, it is important for beginners to know what an interior door is made of.

The main structural element of any door is the door leaf; it is what people first pay attention to when purchasing a door. Another name for the canvas is sash.

Installation of the door and its operation is impossible without the frame, which is installed in the doorway, and the leaf itself is attached to it. The frame is an original structural element of each specific door, matching it in color scheme . This means that installing a new sash in old box does not seem possible.
Often the box comes complete with the finished canvas. It consists of three or four elements. If the door is planned without a threshold, then the box has U-shape, it includes 2 long vertical beams(loop and false) and one short horizontal (lintel). If necessary, the box design includes a threshold, in which case it will look like a closed loop.

The decorative function is performed by the platband. It is this that closes the seam where the door frame is installed in the wall opening.

If the thickness of the wall is greater than the thickness of the door frame, then it is necessary additional strip. it's the same decorative element, the color of which matches the canvas.

An important part of the doors is the fittings, which include two hinges on which the door leaf is attached to the frame, a latch and a set of handles. For doors installed, for example, in a bathroom or toilet, they also provide locking device, which allows you to close the door from the inside.

These are the main ones structural elements interior doors.

Adjusting interior doors as the final stage of installation

So, the process of installing the interior door is coming to an end. The box is installed in the opening, and the sash is suspended from it. At this stage, before foaming the gap between the opening in the wall and the frame beams, it is necessary to adjust the door. First, an initial inspection is carried out to check the opening and closing of the door, the uniformity of the distance between the leaf and the frame. There may be several reasons why the gap size is not the same.

The gap may be so uneven that the door will touch the jamb at the top or bottom.

If no violations are found during the inspection, then a more thorough inspection begins, during which several major malfunctions may be discovered. Let's consider each of them, the reasons and ways to eliminate them separately.

Can't close the door

This is the most common problem. There are several reasons that prevent the interior door from closing normally.

This mainly happens due to skewed door frame which is related to her incorrect installation, during which the beams were insufficiently fastened together or the correct proportions were not observed when connecting the horizontal and vertical beams.

You can detect if the box is skewed using a level or plumb line. If the problem is really in the box, then it will need to be removed. It is necessary to check whether the cut of the joints of the beams is even, reconnect them to each other, strictly observing the angle of 90 degrees. Secure all joints with at least two screws. As a result, you should get an even letter P with firmly connected corners.

They may either be insufficiently recessed in comparison with the surface of the box or canvas.

In some cases, you can deepen the loop by tightening the screws in it, but this does not always work. If this does not help, you will have to unscrew the hinges and deepen the attachment point using a chisel or grinding.

Deepening hinge grooves by grinding

The hinges can also be installed incorrectly in the horizontal plane: they are deeply removed from the front part of the canvas. Then they will need to be removed and moved closer to the facade of the sash.

The door gets stuck in the opening

This means that the door closes without problems, but it is not easy to open. There are two main reasons for this problem.

Firstly, the box beam fasteners are not tightened enough. Everything is simple here: you need to tighten the screws that secure the false beam in the opening.

Secondly, excessively deep grooves can be prepared for the hinges. To cope with this problem, you need to remove the door, remove the hinges and place cardboard under their doors.

A door that is not tightly closed opens or closes on its own

This happens when the door frame is not installed strictly vertically. If its top is tilted in the direction where the door swings open, then the door opens. When the top of the box is folded in the opposite direction, the door closes. This can be corrected by leveling the box, especially the loop beam. You can use a plumb line as a guide, but a long level is preferable. It is also possible to use a short level; to do this, it is worth linking it, for example, to a rule. Once the box is aligned, secure it to the opening.

In addition to problems with the frame, hinges or door leaf, inaccuracies in the installation of locking mechanisms may be identified.

Adjusting locks and door handles

A common problem encountered during installation door lock, is that it is not deepened enough. As a result, the side bar of the lock or door knob hurt doorjamb. The way out of this situation is to deepen the hole for the latch or lock mechanism.

Sometimes the lock or latch screws are not screwed in enough, so the mechanism dangles in the groove. The solution is simple - tighten the fasteners.

Adjusting old doors

Despite the fact that adjustment is the final stage of door installation, it is often necessary to carry out it for older doors.

One of the main and most common problems with new interior door designs is creaking hinges. Sometimes this is observed at new doors. To eliminate this problem, you need to lubricate the hinges machine oil. To do this, place a wedge under the door and lift the door to partially remove it from its hinges. Oil is dripped into the gap that appears in the loop using a pipette, which can be replaced with a piece of graphite lead of a simple pencil.

Another common problem old doors are skewed. There are several reasons for this.

For wooden doors, misalignment may be associated with swelling of the door leaf. In this case, it is necessary to determine the location of the bulge. To do this, apply paper to the suspected distorted area and close the door. The place where the carbon mark will remain is the bulging section of the canvas. It is this that needs to be cut off and the door itself painted over, as was described in the case of new door with broken geometry.

For heavy doors, for example, made from solid wood, the distortion may be associated with deformation of the hinges. This is usually caused by the stitches being selected incorrectly.

Note! Heavy wooden doors should be installed on three hinges rather than two.

There are several ways to correct skewed loops:

• replace with new, more durable ones;
• install additional hinges;
• unscrew the screws from the hinges and replace them with longer ones;
• strengthen the sockets for the screws with a cork coated with glue;
• install washers in the hinges, which will raise the door a couple of millimeters in the center of the hinge.

Installing the washer

A skewed door leaf can also be caused by a change in the geometry of the opening in the wall. Without replacing the door elements, this defect can be eliminated as follows:

• sharpen the door where it is skewed;
• remove and rearrange the door frame, adjusting the joints of the beams while maintaining an angle of 90 degrees.

In the latter case, you need to focus on building level, and secure the box firmly to the doorway. To do this, two holes are made through the box in the wall on the side of each beam. The depth of the holes in the wall must be at least 50 mm. Pins made of metal or wood are driven into the holes. Wooden fasteners are pre-lubricated with glue.

Final word

The door installation and adjustment can be done independently, but maximum precision must be observed so as not to ultimately damage the door leaf or frame.

Note! If a wooden door is planned or has already been installed in your home, then remember that its maintenance must be carried out annually.

If you have any doubts about own strength, then it’s better not to take risks and entrust the entire process of installation and adjustment of the door installation to professionals.

Video - Door adjustment

A door that suddenly no longer allows you into your house or room easily and without the slightest resistance is not a pleasant surprise. And in such a situation, you should not rely on the Russian “maybe”, hoping that this structure will “come to its senses” and return to its original state. It is much easier and more reliable for you personally to figure out what to do if the door is warped, and to implement the chosen solution, that is, to adjust the door itself.

Reasons for door misalignment

If the door is wooden, then the cause of the distortion was most likely exposure to moisture. Water, getting into the thickness of the door, caused it to swell, and as a result, the door began to “cling” to the door frame.

A heavy wooden door can warp due to improper selection of hinges for it. Remember that solid wooden doors (that you could hardly lift off the floor before you hung them in the doorway) should be hung on three, not two, hinges.

And here metal doors are not subject to deformation under the influence of water. But they can just as easily become warped if the hinges were chosen incorrectly for their weight. Another reason why a metal door may become misaligned is if it was not installed correctly in the first place.

In addition, both wooden doors and metal doors may become warped due to a violation of the geometry of the doorway. This often occurs in new houses in which shrinkage of structures is still ongoing.

Misalignment due to door hinges

If the cause of the imbalance, in your opinion, was the incorrect quantity door hinges(or using loops from more soft material, than was necessary) you can go in two ways:

• firstly, simply replace the hinges with more powerful ones;
• secondly, add a third (and if necessary, a fourth) loop.

Nowadays in hardware stores you can find door hinges that do not require insertion into either the door leaf or the frame. Therefore, they can be installed in place without even removing the door leaf from the hinges (just remember to first adjust the position of the door before screwing new hinges to it).

Perhaps a small washer placed in the middle will also help solve the problem. door hinge. It will raise the entire door leaf by 1-2 millimeters (depending on its thickness) and the problem will be solved.

Changing the geometry of a doorway

In this case, the possibility that the door itself will stop clinging to the bottom or top of the door frame still exists. However, during the time this happens, the door leaf can be severely damaged.

Before you make the final decision - to rehang the door, sharpen it (this is if we are talking about a wooden door) or leave everything untouched for now - pay attention to the gaps that have appeared between the door leaf and the frame. If they become very noticeable, it is better to rehang the door. Do not forget to also track whether the right angle between the horizontal and vertical elements door frame. If the distortion becomes severe, you will have to change the door frame. You can also try simply rearranging the old door frame if you can remove it carefully.

Swollen door

If a wooden door has absorbed water and swelled, then you should not hope that when it dries it will return to its previous shape. Most often, after exposure to water, the warping process begins, and the door still will not close perfectly. In this situation, you can also choose one of three solutions:

• for now, leave everything as it is in the hope that the door will “come to its senses”;
• replace the door leaf;
• replace the door frame.

However, first of all, you need to eliminate the reason why the water got so close to your door. When it comes to doors inside an apartment or house, the reason usually lies in poor ventilation. Most often, bathroom doors suffer from moisture, so be sure to check whether a piece of paper is attracted to the door located there. ventilation grille with one window open in the apartment. If there is no draft, then the issue of ventilation will have to be taken seriously.

More often poor ventilation occurs in houses and apartments in which new plastic windows. Lack of cracks for which the old ones were “famous” wooden windows, led to the fact that air from the street enters the apartment only when the window is open. And since the windows rarely open in winter, the ventilation in the kitchen (if there is no electric hood) and in the bathrooms stops working. To solve this problem, it is recommended to install exhaust valves on all windows (or just always keep one window slightly open).

If the entrance wooden door has been damaged by water, then you will have to make a canopy over it (and if there is one, then expand it so that during rain drops do not fall on the door leaf). Also recommended wooden door cover in several layers protective compounds for wood (from all sides, each time waiting until they are completely absorbed).

After moving to new apartment or carrying out repairs in your own home, a person will sooner or later be faced with the question of how to level. The quality of installation of interior or front door. If there is no door leaf in the opening, smooth slopes are needed to create a beautiful visual effect. Finishing work can be carried out independently, having certain information.

It is necessary to prepare for finishing work. Before you level the doorway with your own hands, you need to carry out. You need to remove the wallpaper, remove the layer old plaster, if it is in unusable condition (cracks, holes, scratches). Dust must be removed from the surface of the walls. In order for the new layer of plaster to stick better, it is necessary to open all the seams. To do this you will need a hammer drill with a spatula.

Measuring linear dimensions

After preparatory work, you need to measure the walls by level and using a metal square. These measuring tools will help you determine how different the walls are from each other. If the difference is large, you will need to install beacons or make metal structure to create a box from plasterboard.

Necessary materials and tools for work

Before starting any finishing works it is necessary to prepare the tools in advance and Construction Materials. List of tools:

1. Metal measuring angle.
2. Construction level, preferably large and small.
3. Plastic or metal container for mixing plaster.
4. Perforator for sewing seams.
5. Two spatulas - large and small.
6. A grater for smoothing out unevenness.
7. Perforated corners.
8. If there are seams - serpyanka.
9. Stationery knife.
10. Scissors.
11. A screwdriver if you are working with drywall.
12. The attachment for the hammer drill is a mixer for mixing plaster.

This is an approximate set of tools. The list may change depending on the situation. For example, when working not in a panel house, but in a wooden house, for finishing work you may need Sander, manual a circular saw, sandpaper, hand saw on wood.

If we talk about materials, the list will change depending on what a person is going to use to level. For example, when using drywall, you will need a certain number of sheets of this material, corners to create a frame, plaster for surface treatment and putty of joints. When working in a wooden house, you will need bars, lining or edged boards.

Doorway alignment methods

Both in apartments and in private houses, leveling the doorway can be done in several ways using different materials and technology. The list of materials and tools will depend on the chosen method.

Using drywall

If a person wants to use drywall to level a doorway, then he will need the following tools:

1. Metal profiles.
2. Roulette and level.
3. Drywall (meterage must be measured in advance so as not to buy excess material).
4. Electric drill.
5. Metal scissors.
6. Glue (when fixing directly to the wall).
7. Insulation (optional).

After preparing all the tools and materials, you can begin work.

Drywall installation technology

First of all, you need to check the walls for level. If large differences no, you can mix glue and attach sheets of drywall to the wall without additional elements. In this case, it is necessary to set each sheet according to its level.

If there are large differences in level on the walls, you need to make a frame from metal profiles. Sheets of plasterboard are fixed on top of the frame, and the seams are covered with plaster. To fill the space between the wall and the drywall, you can use insulation (foam, mineral wool).

Important! The frame needs to be made depending on the pitch between the screws. It should be no more than 40 cm. After tightening the fasteners, it is necessary to cover the resulting holes with plaster.

Using plaster

To work with plaster you will need the following tools and materials:

1. Mesh for plaster.
2. Basic finishing mixture.
3. Primer.
4. Two spatulas.
5. Rules.
6. Roller or large brush for applying primer.
7. Lighthouses (if there are large differences in level).
8. Perforated corners for slopes.
9. Container for mixing plaster.
10. Drill with whisk for kneading.

Now you need to figure out how to level a doorway with plaster and what composition is best to choose.

Which plaster to choose?

There are three types of mixture for leveling walls:

1. Cement - cheap composition, which is moisture resistant. It is used to make a base on which putty or paint is applied to hide the gray color. It is important to remember that such plaster shrinks during operation.
2. Gypsum is an easy-to-apply composition that is uniform. The surface is smooth after application. Gypsum plaster afraid of moisture.
3. Polymer - the high price of this composition is determined by its characteristics. This plaster is evenly applied to the work surface and at the same time is not afraid of water.

The plaster must be applied in two layers - base and finish. The first can be coarse-grained, the second only fine-grained.

How to plaster correctly

After choosing a leveling compound, you can begin the main work:

1. First of all, you need to prepare the work surface. To do this, it needs to be freed from wallpaper, the old layer of putty and plaster. Deepen the seams by 1 cm using a puncher. Sweep dust off the walls.
2. Apply primer to the walls with a roller or brush. Let it dry.
3. The next step is to install beacons. If there are no large differences in level, you can do without them. Beacons are placed strictly at level.
4. Perforated corners are installed at the corners of the opening. When the wall is smooth, a reinforcing mesh is fixed to it and another layer of plaster is applied.

Important! If you need to apply several layers of leveling solution, you need to wait until the previous one dries.

Using a wooden beam

In most cases, doorways are leveled using timber in wooden houses. Also using wooden block, you can make a high threshold or reduce the opening itself in size. To carry out the work, you will need a hand saw for wood, anti-fungal impregnation, sandpaper, varnish or paint for wood, wood screws, and a screwdriver. If there are gaps between the main wall and the installed beam, you can close it with an additional cover.

How to reduce the width of a doorway?

During redevelopment or large-scale construction work, situations may arise in which it is required. You can use several materials for this:

1. Brick. The material most often used for wall construction. With its help you can quickly reduce the width of the opening. You will need mortar and red brick. Its quantity will depend on the value being reduced. For additional fixation, you can use metal rods, which are fixed in the main wall and in the seams of fresh masonry.
2. Drywall and wood. Using drywall you can make openings of any shape. For this purpose it is created metal carcass in the form desired by the owner of the home. Sections of drywall are secured to the resulting sheathing with self-tapping screws. It is necessary to level uneven places and holes with screws with plaster. Wood is used to reduce the openings of entrance doors.
3. Plaster. If you need to reduce the opening by a small amount, you can use a layer of leveling compound. Experienced finishers recommend strengthening it with reinforcing mesh.

The choice of material will depend on the desired shape of the future opening.

How to widen a doorway?

To increase the width of the doorway, you can use several methods:

1. Rude. A method involving the use of a sledgehammer, a jackhammer and a hammer drill. Before using the tool, you need to mark required size opening. You cannot use the rough method for thin and weak walls. The impact load may cause cracks to form or the wall to collapse.
2. Dry. This method involves using a grinder or a gas cutter. When using a grinder, you need to change diamond wheels frequently. When this tool is used, it is highlighted a large number of dust.
3. Wet. A method similar to the previous one. Only when cutting concrete or brick is a special cutter with a built-in spray gun used.

When carrying out any expansion work, it is worth initially dismantling the previous door frame and determining where the wiring, pipes and metal elements in the walls. If tools get into metal, you can break it or harm your health.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we can say that construction works Any person who does not have additional skills can level, widen or narrow a doorway. It is enough to choose the right materials and follow the sequence of actions.