Insulation of floors in a wooden house from below with polystyrene foam. Insulation of the floor in a wooden house from below: materials and installation technology

To make your home pleasant and comfortable, it is not enough to have only a roof and walls. It is worth making sure that there is warmth in the house. That is why the issue of floor insulation in the house is not of last importance. By insulating the floor, you can not only provide comfort, but also significantly reduce heating costs. After all, up to 20% of heat can be lost through the floor. With the help of effective floor insulation, you can maintain the desired favorable temperature in your home. It is better to carry out insulation work at the construction stage. They must be taken into account in the design. It is very important to insulate the basement. You can carry out all the work yourself. There's nothing complicated about it. You will learn below how to insulate the floor.

Insulation of the floor at the time of construction of the house

If the construction of the house has not yet come to an end, then it is advisable to insulate the floors from below. Here, filling with expanded clay will be very popular.

There are two options here:

1. eliminating the cavity between the beams completely;
2. elimination of the cavity between the layers of boards.

In the first option, geotextiles are placed directly on the ground. Then the subfield is filled all the way to the top of the beams. Next, a floor made of boards is installed on the logs. It is worth noting one nuance that using this method makes sense only when the distance to the ground is small.

An example of a floor arrangement in wooden house

In the second case, two layers of flooring are made. The backfill is placed between the layers. It is worth insulating the floor below from the cold. To do this, the board shield is hemmed to the beams. It is fastened with self-tapping screws or nailed. The boards are adjusted as closely as possible to each other.

The top is backfilled. Logs are mounted on the beams. After this, the flooring is done. Sometimes installers provide floor ventilation. In this case, masses of cold air can freely enter the house through a bulk insulation system. Due to such ventilation, it is possible to protect the floor of the house from mold.

But in this case the following situation arises. If the subfloor is cold, then cold air will penetrate directly into the house. It is not difficult to fix this problem. It is enough to put a polyethylene film or some other airtight material on the insulation.

An example of a scheme for insulating the basement floor of a house

It is important to carry out work in such a way that ventilation is maintained. If you install a polyethylene covering under insulation material, then condensation in the form of water vapor will begin to accumulate on it. This will only make the situation much worse.

Bottom floor insulation materials

Mineral wool- one of the best insulation materials

Insulation in a house or country house using this material is one of the most common methods. Wool can be glass, slag or stone. The great advantage of this material is that it is absolutely non-flammable.

It also has other advantages. These are biological stability, fire resistance, high heat and sound insulation characteristics. But this material also has its disadvantages. This is low mechanical strength. Mineral wool perfectly absorbs moisture, but its thermal insulation properties may be somewhat lost.

So, if you decide to install such insulation, it is important to pay due attention to steam insulation. This insulation cannot be classified as a completely harmless material.

Mineral wool is produced in the form of a bendable mat or dense slab. The denser part of the slab is marked with a blue stripe. When installing, make sure that the markings are facing upwards. Mineral wool is often used in a wooden house or country house. The slabs are mounted in one layer.

Izovol, which is made on the basis of mineral fibers, has low thermal conductivity. Izovol - non-flammable material. Rockwool - basalt insulation. It has good resistance to external loads. Thanks to its special design, it practically does not change shape. In addition, it can perfectly level out sounds.

An example of a floor insulation scheme in a wooden house from below

The insulation is placed between the joists. Everything will depend on whether it is possible to attach a shield of boards to the beams from below. If the subfloor is low, the shield is attached to the beams on top between the joists. If necessary, the logs can be raised. The further procedure is quite standard.

Styrofoam

Very often, insulation in a private wooden house or country house is carried out using polystyrene foam. This material has great amount benefits. But he has almost no shortcomings. Foam insulation can guarantee high strength, resistance to fire and various chemicals.

If you decide to insulate a wooden house, foam insulation will be very effective option. This material has a unique cell structure, which makes it durable. Its disadvantages are the same as those of mineral wool. It easily absorbs moisture, as a result of which it can quickly lose some properties.

Scheme of floor insulation under reinforced concrete screed

Insulation can be carried out using foamed or extruded foam. The latter has a particularly strong structure. The process of insulation with foam plastic is the same as insulation with mineral wool. But there are also some peculiarities. In the best case, the width of the insulation and the joist should be the same. After all, the foam will act as a special support for the flooring.

The slabs are laid with minimal gaps. All gaps must be foamed. No vapor barrier is needed here. Thick slabs are installed among the logs. Afterwards they are simply foamed. The shield is not hemmed from below.

To blow out ecowool, you will have to use a compressor. There’s no way without him.

Insulation using industrial equipment

Ecowool is blown using a compressor into the hole between the floor. In this case, the voids are uniformly filled with material. After removing the flooring, ecowool is laid on top using wet method. It contains sticky particles.

Don’t forget about waterproofing either.

It is due to them that the layer turns out to be quite rigid. After this he will not shrink. No vapor barrier is provided. After all, the material is not afraid of moisture.
Using polyurethane foam, you can completely fill the existing space between the beams. In this case, you will get excellent thermal insulation that will last for many years.

Insulation for small heat leaks

Quite often, in a private home or country house, the cold penetrates into the room through poorly connected or dried out boards. You can eliminate such cracks in a wooden house only if you decide to completely redo the floor.

Scheme of floor insulation in a wooden house on the second floor

In this case, it is advisable to use roll insulation from below instead of relaying. You can insulate the floor in a private house using penofol. This material is foamed polyethylene, the surface of which is trimmed with foil.

The surface that reflects light rotates towards more warm space. This prevents heat loss quite effectively.

Table of heat losses that occur in a wooden house

If you decide to insulate the floor using penofol, you will have to re-lay the old floor covering. At the same time, you should not make the bottom layer too thick. Otherwise, the floor will spring too much. Linoleum can be pushed through by furniture legs. If a material thickness of 0.4 cm is not enough, it is better to use a denser material for installation. For example, it could be a cork backing.

If you do not want to carry out major renovations in the apartment, you can insulate it using penofol from the underground. Slats can be used for fixation. They are stuffed on top of the insulation.

Insulation of the house from the basement side

Thermal insulation of the floor of a private house from the basement plays a very important role. With the help of high-quality thermal insulation, you can not only reduce heat loss, but also protect your house from dampness and destruction in the future.

Table of thermal conductivity of some materials

Many professionals say that insulating the basement from below will help solve a large number of problems that can arise in a private wooden house. To insulate the basement, you can use polystyrene foam, foam insulation and other materials. You can use mineral wool to seal the ceiling on the basement side.

The width of the joists and pieces of insulation when using polystyrene foam should be the same.

Polystyrene foam is usually used to insulate only basement floors, but also walls. If your house has a cool floor, then before purchasing a heater, you should think about how to insulate the basement.

Video

You can watch a video on how to properly insulate a wooden floor from below.

Floor is one of the cold elements wooden house. Streams of cold air rush directly to the floor. Often there is also coolness coming from its underside. To reduce the cost of quickly dissipating heat, it is worth insulating the floor in a wooden house from below. As soon as cracks appear in the floor, a draft begins to enter the room, which leads to an average of up to 30 percent of heat loss.

The technology for insulating the lower part of the house does not cause any particular difficulties. Heat insulation can occur using insulation materials completely different types. However, before you begin repair work, you should pay attention to certain parameters:

• operating conditions flooring(humidity level, temperature, room purpose, expected load percentage);
• what layer should be used to lay thermal insulation?

Do the work on our own won't be much of a problem. The main thing here is to remember that insulation includes three main layers:

• heat insulation;
• isolation of released steam;
• direct covering to the floor.

All of these components carry an important semantic load.

Consecutive stages of work

Insulation of the lower part of the room occurs through several mandatory steps. These include:

• Wooden panels (rarely boards) are fixed to the bottom of the logs. This will be a kind of coating, an additional base. It is intended to lay thermal insulation;
• The distance between the lags is filled with insulation. The layer must be tightly fixed. If there is a space between the sheet and the joists, you should resort to the help of a specialized sealant, foam for installation work;
• Following the insulation, a material must be installed that is responsible for insulating the resulting vapor. The material must be fixed on the joists. The resulting gaps and joints should be covered with tape, preferably metal;
• The final stages are the laying of wood flooring, final finishing floor.

There are no specific criteria when choosing the thickness of a layer of material for thermal insulation. Parameters must be selected individually for each type of room.

Insulation by joists

A separate item worth considering is insulation along the floor joists from below in a garden wooden house. The advantage of this type of heat preservation is considered to be ease of operation. At the same time, you will be able to retain a fairly large amount of heat in a private home. So, insulation work should proceed in this way:

• timber logs are installed;
• boards are installed on which thermal insulation is laid;
• vapor barrier is installed;
• all this is covered with boards for the subfloor;
• The final stage is installation of the coating.

The considered option is distinguished by its operational efficiency. Completing all stages of work does not require the intervention of specialists; everything can be done with your own hands.

What material should I use?

Today in the consumer goods market you can find big choice materials for heat insulation. Each of them is endowed with individual, characteristic properties, size range, installation method, price segment. Among them:

• mineral wool;
• expanded clay;
• Styrofoam;
• sawdust and others.

Insulation with sawdust

The method in question is one of the oldest types. The main advantages of sawdust insulation are ease of installation and low cost. In this case, it is possible to lay this type insulation in hard-to-reach places. An important factor here is the environmental friendliness of the material. In addition, they can be used as a single material or added as one of the components of the mixture for construction.

Insulation with mineral wool

If the house was built more than a dozen years ago, then best choice Mineral wool will serve as an insulating material. Today this type is the most popular among consumers. The material attracts with its ability to resist fire.

In addition, the following positive characteristics were noted:

• resistance to biological and chemical influences;
• high level of thermal insulation performance.

However, along with the positive characteristics, there are a number of negative points. It is worth paying attention to them before work begins on insulating the wooden floor below. These include:

• low mechanical strength;
• steam penetration is low;
• Cotton wool perfectly absorbs liquid, but at the same time its insulating properties of heat lose their properties.

In connection with the latter, close attention should be paid additional installation steam isolation.

Mineral wool of mineral origin is sold in slabs and mats. The side that has a higher level of hardness is marked with a stripe of blue color. The material is laid in such a way that this strip is located in the upper part. For wooden floor It is preferable to choose slabs. To ensure reliable heat retention, it will be considered sufficient to lay one layer of material.

Polystyrene insulation

Polystyrene is otherwise known among consumers as polystyrene foam. Today it is among the leaders among insulating materials. This is due to the fact that polystyrene foam has a huge amount positive characteristics. The negative ones are kept to the bare minimum. The insulation has low heat conductivity and steam penetration. It perfectly resists fire, chemical and biological influences. The structure of the material is cellular. This allows the foam to be for a long time in operation, without losing its effectiveness as a heat insulator. More significant disadvantages include good moisture absorption. Sometimes this can cause some properties to lose their significance.

Insulation with polyurethane foam

The material in question has a similar structural structure to polystyrene. In this case, the pores are filled with air and gases. This allows you to create in the material low level heat conductivity. In addition, the weight of polyurethane foam is insignificant. Today he is recognized the best insulation. The important advantages of the insulating element are:

• resistance to acids and alkalis;
• no rotting after a long period of use;
• no mold formation.

No particular difficulty was noted in installing the type of thermal insulation under consideration. However, there are still certain nuances. For example, polyurethane foam is applied by spraying. Do it without using specialized equipment impossible. The tight, reliable adhesion of the material to any type of surface allows you to spray it almost anywhere. This method application will allow you to insulate any surface, while its shape and size will not matter at all. The material is laid in an even layer, every contour will be followed. The formation of joints in this case is excluded. Polyurethane foam is practically unable to absorb moisture, which leads to the absence of the need to install a vapor barrier layer.

Conclusion

We have not considered all the insulating materials that can be found on sale today. However, it is necessary to insulate the floor. A warm floor is needed not only so that the building can preserve as much as possible more heat, it will create a cozy, homely atmosphere in every single room.

Of course, you can entrust the type of work in question to specialists in this matter. However, not every home owner has the financial means to do this. In this case, you should resort to the option independent work: No special skills are required here. The main thing is to remember that there is a certain algorithm that should be strictly followed.

Low floor temperature – common problem, which is associated with the penetration of cold air masses through cracks. To ensure comfort and warmth in the room, it is recommended to performinsulation of the floor in a wooden house from below.

This article describes how installation work is carried out, what materials need to be purchased, as well as other important nuances.

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Why is it worth insulating floors?

Warm flooring ensures comfortable living in the house.From temperature values ​​that are stored in living rooms, the health of residents and their well-being largely depends.

To reduce heat loss as much as possible, you need to figure out how to properly install insulation, what materials have best characteristics and the longest service life. It is also worth noting that the choice of thermal insulation material is influenced by many factors that cannot be ignored. For example, it is necessary to take into account not only the material from which the building is constructed, but also the number of floors, as well as whether the building is built on the ground or has a basement (basement) built under it.

Why is it necessary to insulate floors?

Insulation of the wooden floor below in a private housecarried out in several cases.

If it occurs:

• the need to get rid of the cold floor of the room, which is located above the basement;
• desire to insulate the attic floor;
• the need for thermal insulation of interfloor ceilings, in this case not only the premises are insulated, but also additional sound insulation is achieved.

When to do bottom insulation correctly

Floor insulation above a cold basementIt is better to do it from below, while insulation above the attic is recommended to be done from above. This approach is technically sound and allows you to achieve best results. But when implementing thermal insulation from below, some problems sometimes arise:

• limited choice of materials;
• unreliable fixation of insulation;
• due to the fact that installation work is carried out on the ceiling, the craftsmen quickly get tired;
• the difficulty of implementing the assigned tasks in low-level conditions.

At the same time, by taking care of insulation from below, the following problems can be eliminated:

• appearance on the surface wooden structure fungus, mold;
• excess fuel consumption when heating the premises;
• disruption of the functions of structures due to their decay;
• lack of conditions to maintain optimal temperature and humidity conditions in the premises.

Designing a private house, it is necessary to consider thermal insulation measures at this stage.By taking care of the heat in advance, you will be able to eliminate many problems in the future.

Attention!In order to economize cash and labor costs, many choose top option to insulate a wood floor.

The essence of this technology is to lay rigid sheets of thermal insulation between the subfloor and the floor covering. Of course, this option is more profitable, but it is only suitable for those regions where the climate is warm and mild.

In a region where winters are quite cold, it is still better to insulate from below. It is recommended to choose this thermal insulation option if there is a minimum space between the ground and the floor level.

If this gap is large enough, the insulation procedure will be expensive.

Advantages of underfloor insulation

Floor insulation in a wooden houseshould be carried out from below; this option is technically correct. The advantages of this technology are as follows:

• during the operation of the house, the height of the ceilings in the rooms does not change;
• the ceiling, made of wood, is reliably protected from freezing;
• there is no need to purchase rigid insulation materials that can withstand the weight of large pieces of furniture and household appliances;
• The condensate deposition line can be shifted outside the wooden structure, so that the building does not rot.

Techniques for performing insulation work for floors

There are two main options for thermal insulation:

1. Thermal insulation on joists. When choosing this technology, the insulation in the form of slabs has to be laid out in a checkerboard pattern. Stitches also need to be re-dressed. You should first lay a special film to ensure waterproofing. The material can be fixed using either dowels or glue. Having completed the installation of the slabs, the seams are carefully sealed using polyurethane foam, and then the floor covering is attached to the logs. If you select reliable insulation, such a floor will retain heat.
2. Insulation completed with screed. If you are thinking abouthow to insulate the floor in a wooden houseThat's right, consider a thermal insulation option that involves creating a concrete screed on top of the thermal insulation layer. First of all, waterproof the base. The next step is laying a mesh made of fiberglass. As a result, the structure becomes stronger. Next, concrete mortar is applied over the mesh.

Attention!The finish can be any: linoleum, tiles, laminated flooring, parquet boards.

Prices for mineral wool

mineral wool

How to choose the right heat insulator

Do not know, What is the best way to insulate floors in a wooden house?? Familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for thermal insulation materials, and it will be easier for you to choose the right materials. Due to the presence of certain features when carrying out installation work, you can only use individual species insulation materials. The list of requirements for them is as follows:

• high reliability and efficiency indicators;
• minimum weight of material;
• ease of use;
• the ability to withstand the effects of fire to achieve a high level of fire safety of a wooden structure;
• maximum possible density.

Materials for thermal insulation work

From technical parameters The quality of the created thermal insulation layer depends on the insulation material.

Check out the features suitable materials for insulation and decidethe better to insulate the floor from below in a wooden housein your case, so that it is most profitable and effective.

The market now offers a wide choice thermal insulation materials, but it is recommended to choose from the best and most popular options, such as penoplex, mineral wool, penofol, expanded polystyrene.

Mineral wool

Manufacturers of building materials offer several types of mineral wool:

• slag;
• stone;
• glass

Among the advantages we can highlight high level heat and sound insulation, non-flammability, biological resistance, resistance to aggressive substances.

Minuses:

• insufficiently high resistance to mechanical stress, this is due to the strength of the material;
• low vapor permeability;
• lack of absolute safety for human health;
• loss thermal insulation properties due to the gradual absorption of moisture.

Mineral wool can be purchased in the form of flexible mats and rigid slabs.

Attention!When installing slabs, one thing should be taken into account important feature: they must be placed with the hard side facing outwards, which is easy to identify - it is marked with a blue stripe.

Buyers mainly prefer Rockwool and Izovol, which are based on mineral wool. The first option of insulation can withstand loads, does not deform and retains heat well.In a wooden house, floor insulation with IzolonIt is also more preferable than mineral wool, since this material has low thermal conductivity, it is not flammable and is more moisture resistant.

Expanded polystyrene

You decidethe better to insulate the floor in the country house from below? Consider another insulation option - expanded polystyrene, which is known to many as polystyrene foam. It’s not for nothing that it still remains popular, because there are many advantages, but the number of disadvantages is insignificant.

The benefits include:

• fire resistance;
• high levels of strength and thermal insulation;
• the ability to withstand biological effects and the influence of chemical factors;
• long service life due to structural features.

There are much fewer disadvantages, and they are insignificant, but these disadvantages can be eliminated: the material has low vapor permeability, is susceptible to the negative effects of moisture and, as it is absorbed, loses its ability to insulate - by providing high-quality vapor and waterproofing.

Prices for expanded polystyrene

expanded polystyrene

Penoplex

Insulation of the floor in a wooden house from below with penoplexmore effective than thermal insulation made using the two previous insulation options. Penoplex is made in the form of slabs by foaming extruded polystyrene foam; it is also quite often used to implement thermal insulation measures.

Attention!The slabs are more protected from the negative effects of moisture, they prevent heat loss, and are practically not susceptible to the development of bacteria and fungi.

Here are some benefitsinsulation of wooden floors with penofol(roll material):

1. High thermal insulation performance.
2. Excellent performance.
3. Simple installation process.
4. There is no need for additional vapor and waterproofing, since the insulation contains a layer of foil for these purposes.

Most often, the insulation in rolls contains reflective and translucent materials. During installation, layers of penofol are placed with a slight overlap or end-to-end. For reliable fixation, metallized tape is attached to the joint area.

Prices for Penoplex

penoplex

Instructions for organizing installation work

Do you want to know how to insulate the underground in a wooden house? First of all, check out general rules performing installation work. Any insulation is fixed in this order:

• creation of a waterproofing layer;
• formation of thermal insulation;
• applying vapor barrier material;
• attachment structural elements floors;
• laying decorative floor coverings.

Experts assure that when the layers are formed in this order, the thermal conditions will be optimal, and it will be possible to ensure necessary circulation moisture in living rooms.

Thinking through thermal insulation on ground floor, it is necessary to prepare beams with a cross section of 50-100 mm. These elements are attached from below using a layer of insulation, after which the floor is covered with boards.

Read more about how to make a warm floor on a balcony. detailed instructions will help you understand all the nuances!

If there is a wooden floor on the ground floor, the beams are connected to bars, the cross-section of which is 50x50, not more than 50x100. A layer of insulating material is placed between them. After the waterproofing layer, sheathing is done with boards.

Most often, the installation of the heat-insulating layer is carried out along joists:

• lay the logs on the finished foundation, maintaining certain gaps between the beams - about one 1 m, maximum 1.2 m;
• fasten sheets of chipboard or plywood with self-tapping screws, as a result you will have a base for applying a layer of insulation;
• distribute insulation material between the joists. Suitable thickness determine the insulation material taking into account its characteristics, but remember that the insulating material should not be thicker than the log;
• form a waterproofing layer. Experts advise going through this stage to achieve the best possible results. You can skip it, but before abandoning this stage, pay attention to the features of the selected material. If you purchased insulation for installation that is unable to repel moisture, it is still worth forming a layer of waterproofing;
• install the floor covering. You can apply old version or update the coating with new material.

Carrying out insulation of the floor from the basement belowand in other parts of the house, follow the specified sequence of actions.

What tools and materials will be needed

The following tools and materials are required when laying thermal insulation:

• insulation;
• building level;
• screwdriver;
• a staple gun filled with staples;
• self-tapping screws;
• lumber (bars measuring 50x50 mm, boards);
• reinforced tape;
• a tool designed for working with wood;
• materials for steam and waterproofing ( vapor barrier membrane, special film for waterproofing);
• sheets for creating a subfloor.

Waterproofing the floor

Since the air in the basement is not heated, condensation may form on the warm floor.

In cases where moisture is constantly present on the structure, ideal conditions for the formation of fungus and mold, subsequently the process of decay begins. It doesn’t matter whether the wood was processed special means before use or not.

Condensation violates the thermal insulation properties of the insulation, gradually penetrating into it, it increases its thermal conductivity. This problem can be prevented by installing a layer of moisture insulation on the cold air side.

Vapor barrier

From the living quarters, instead of condensation, warm steam is formed, which also passes through the insulation and, upon cooling, turns into moisture. The harm to the insulation is that, unlike condensation, water is not present on the surface, but inside the structure. In this option, there is a risk of damage to the thermal insulation material with its subsequent destruction, and also increases the likelihood of rotting of wood elements. It is to prevent evaporation that a vapor barrier layer is needed.

The most simple option protection against condensation and steam is a polyethylene film. In some cases, when providing thermal insulation for the basement floor, the waterproofing layer is covered with a moisture-windproof membrane, which not only effectively retains moisture, but also does not allow air to pass through.

Despite the fact that it is possible to increase the level of thermal insulation in a house during its operation in order to reliably insulate the building, it is better to think through this issue at the design stage. If the construction was completed a long time ago, you caninsulation of an old wooden floor without dismantling, which will not cause much discomfort for residents.

Instructions for forming hydro- and vapor barriers

Waterproofing

Vapor barrier

This task is performed after laying the thermal insulation layer. If mineral wool is used, it is important that there are no gaps in the cells. When laying expanded polystyrene and polystyrene foam, no reserve is left; the slabs are cut exactly to the size of the cells.After installation is completed, to increase the reliability of the insulation, the seams are filled with polyurethane foam.

Vapor barrier is performed in this way:

• install a protective membrane on top of the heat-insulating layer;
• securely attach the film along the joists and perimeter using staples;
• along wooden logs attach counter-battens (elements in the form of bars), which will become the basis for the floor covering;
• Attach the slats staggered across the surface sheet material, for example, plywood. As a finishing coating, you can use any material taking into account your own preferences, for example, linoleum, laminated flooring or parquet.

How to insulate a concrete floor in a house

If you're interested,how to insulate the floor in an old wooden housewhere the floor is made of concrete, read the step-by-step instructions:

1. Create a multi-layer base that will become reliable protection for insulation. In no case do not abandon the waterproofing layer, since concrete allows moisture to pass through well, and it will gradually transfer to the layer formed for thermal insulation.
2. Make a sheathing consisting of metal or wooden slats. Lay the resulting frame (this step is required when implementing classic version insulation of the floor from below using mineral wool).
3. Cutting the insulation into strips required size, install it into the cells by surprise.
4. Next, proceed to organizing work aimed at protecting the heat-insulating layer from fumes.
5. On top vapor barrier film place the counter-batten and plywood or other material of the same type (without the use of the batten the work process goes faster, but later there will be difficulties associated with installing the sheathing).

Sawdust floor insulation technology

Consider economical option with sawdust. The work is carried out before the flooring is laid.

Before insulation, treat the sawdust with a special antiseptic and dry thoroughly. By doing this you can protect the material from mold and rodents.

When the insulation is ready for use, use a shovel to evenly distribute slaked lime. To determine required amount of this material, focus on the amount of sawdust (you will need 1/10 of the insulation taken).

On next stage be sure to add gypsum, it will add strength to the insulating material. Maintain a ratio of 17:2:1 (sawdust: lime: gypsum). After adding water, prepare a moderately cool solution.

Fill the cells gradually, placing the solution in small portions.

Insulation of floors with mineral wool

Make sure the boards to be treated are dry. If not, dry them thoroughly first.

Create a layer of waterproofing, then lay mineral wool, after cutting it into pieces required sizes. Use thin stainless steel wire and staples as fasteners. The wire can be replaced plastic mesh. The thermal insulation layer will protect against steam using a special membrane.

Floor insulation with penofol

Install the insulation so that its reflective side is directed downwards, that is, towards the warm space.

Attach the insulation to the joists, maintaining a small gap between it and the rough surface. Secure the material with slats, filling them in a perpendicular direction, or with construction staples.

Insulation of basement floors

If the house has a basement, the process of increasing the thermal insulation properties of coatings should begin with this room, since heat loss is the highest in it.

If you want to knowhow to insulate a floor without opening it, consider this procedure:

• prepare wooden slats of small thickness, securely attach a film that provides a vapor barrier to the ceiling lining. Make sure that the overlap is 10 cm;
• stuffing wooden blocks, keep gaps between them corresponding to the size of the slabs with which you plan to insulate;
• place insulation boards into the cells, secure them securely with slats or wire mesh;
• Attach boards on top of the insulating layer.

The process of insulating the floor is quite simple and can be done independently. The choice of material remains with the consumer. Consider all the options presented and choose the one that suits your case best.

When building a house, many do not take proper care of floor insulation. In order not to overpay for heating during the season, it is best to make the house suitable for living in during the cold season by insulating the walls, ceiling and, first of all, the floor.

Very often cold air blows from under the floor, and the boards themselves are almost icy. There are several ways to insulate floors in a wooden house after it has been built by removing boards and laying the selected insulation underneath.

Floors are blown through due to the drying out of the boards and the formation of cracks between them. To increase the temperature in the house, it is necessary to install thermal insulation under the floor using the selected insulation. This choice largely depends on the features of the construction of the house, its location and the required height of the layer of thermal insulation material.

When planning insulation, it is necessary to select a material and indicate its thickness, measured taking into account the construction of the house and the characteristics of the floor.

You can clearly see the work process in the following video:

Penoplex insulation

Penoplex is a widely used material for floor insulation. His high quality allows you to lay it down once and forget about the cold forever - it will not crumble, will not allow cold and moisture to pass through, and will not allow rodents to fill the underground.

You can cover the floor with penoplex yourself, without resorting to the help of builders:

1. Wooden logs are processed, strengthened and mounted in such a way that the space between them is no more than 70 centimeters.
2. Then insulation is laid out, and the top is covered with film for additional moisture resistance.
3. After this, you need to return the floor boards to their place. The work is not difficult and will not take much time.

Penoplex has a large number of advantages, the most significant of which are:

• cheap material;
• moisture resistance;
• ease of use.

To insulate the floor with penoplex or other building material, necessary:

1. First of all, you need to dismantle the old floor, remove the boards, and if they are unsuitable for further use, then prepare new ones.
2. After removing the boards, the condition of the subfloor is checked and strengthened as necessary.
3. It is necessary to attach plywood or any other board to the joists, which will serve as a base for the insulation and will not allow it to fail.
4. Then you need to lay out waterproofing - it plays the role of ordinary high-density polyethylene film.
5. Then thermal insulation is laid out. It is necessary to ensure that the material is laid out evenly, without the formation of cracks. After this, a vapor barrier is laid out as necessary, and the boards are returned to their place.

Foam insulation

Polystyrene foam, called polystyrene among builders, is the most convenient, cheap and durable material for floor insulation. It has high thermal conductivity and moisture resistance, is easy to install and lasts a long time.

However, he has significant drawback– it strongly absorbs moisture, due to which thermal conductivity may be impaired. It is best to use polystyrene foam in wooden houses located in the south of the country, in places with a stable, warm climate and rare rainfall. In houses located at the foot of mountains and near lakes, areas with frequent rainfall, it is better not to use it.

Please note that the material is highly flammable, releasing acrid smoke, and also often becomes a habitat for numerous rodents, which can only be gotten rid of by replacing the foam sheets.

To lay the material, you need to divide it into equal blocks and lay it between the boards so that the layers reach from the base to the surface of the underground.

Insulation with expanded clay

Expanded clay is a traditional material for floor insulation. It is highly durable, moisture resistant and conducts heat well. Main advantages: low cost and good thermal insulation. However, it is extremely inconvenient to install. It is sold in bags, and in order to lay it correctly, it is necessary to build special wooden cells, as well as prepare waterproofing.

Also, a disadvantage of expanded clay is its high hygroscopicity. Before laying out this material, it is necessary to lay high-quality waterproofing.

Expanded clay is laid in three ways: dry, wet and combined:

• At dry styling the material just needs to be poured between the joists. This is the simplest method that does not require much effort and time.
• Wet styling is that the material is mixed with concrete. This method increases the thermal conductivity of expanded clay. This option suitable for houses with differences in height.
• Combined installation method is also good option floor insulation. First, dry expanded clay is poured, and then a layer of cement is poured.

Insulation with sawdust

Insulating the floor with sawdust is the simplest and most profitable option. Their main advantage is that they will penetrate even the most difficult to reach crevices. You can cut them yourself or buy them in bags at a hardware store.

The installation technology is very simple: the floor is removed and the free space is completely filled with sawdust. The disadvantage of this method of insulating a house is that the material is not moisture resistant enough. After covering the floors with a layer of sawdust, it is recommended to lay plastic film and only then cover the floor with boards.

Ecowool insulation

Ecowool – environmentally friendly construction insulation. Its advantages:

• high thermal conductivity;
• fire resistance - cellulose in cotton wool does not flare up.
• even after getting wet, thermal conductivity is maintained.

The main disadvantage is the high cost.

Before laying ecowool, it is necessary to loosen it thoroughly, and not lay it out in a single thick layer. It is poured into the holes between the boards and carefully leveled.

There are several ways to lay ecowool under the floor. When laying out by hand, sheets of cotton wool need to be adjusted to fit the joists and the holes must be sealed using polyurethane foam.

You can lay ecowool using special device, through which insulation is supplied under pressure.

When laying out, you should pay attention to waterproofing; if it is missing, it is necessary to lay a thick polyethylene film between the floor and the wool, which will protect the wool from getting wet and extend its service life.

Insulation with mineral wool

Mineral wool comes in several types: glass wool, slag wool and stone. In addition to floor insulation, it has many other advantages: it is completely non-flammable, even when exposed to high temperatures, does not allow domestic pests, cockroaches and rats to settle in the floors.

When laying, be sure to use a special respirator. The main advantages of mineral wool: fire resistance and high thermal insulation, however, there are also disadvantages - it has low mechanical strength and absorbs moisture well.

When using mineral wool, you should take care of the vapor barrier and moisture resistance of the floors.

Penofol insulation

Penofol appeared relatively recently, but has already become widespread in construction circles. It is different from other insulation materials the presence of a thin reflective layer of foil. It has many advantages: light and durable, easy to install, moisture resistant.

When laying, it is necessary to close the joints between the sheets with tape.

If it is not possible to remove lags, for example, because they are load-bearing structure, you should remove the floorboards and lay insulation underneath them.

If for some reason this is not possible, then you should cover the floors tightly with penofol directly on the boards, and lay laminate on top. However, this option is only suitable if the floors are strong, do not creak and do not have cracks. If they are old, it is best to re-lay them again, laying insulation under the new boards.

Insulation with Izolon

Izolon is a material with high thermal insulation. Despite the small thickness of the sheet, it is quite capable of replacing several centimeters of brickwork.

The material has many advantages:

• durability;
• moisture resistance, rot resistance;
• good thermal conductivity.

The installation is completely identical to the location of other thermal insulation materials under the floor. The old floor is removed, Izolon and waterproofing are laid out, then the boards are returned to their place.

Which material is better to choose?

When choosing a material for floor insulation, you should pay attention to the area of ​​the house, the accumulation of rodents and cockroaches under the floor, and the humidity of the region. In terms of their thermal properties, each of the listed materials is reliable, but the differences relate to price and durability, as well as the possibility of filling the material with insects and molding.

When choosing, you should answer the following questions:

• what is the height of the foundation of the house;
• is there a slope of the terrain;
• whether there is a river flowing in the immediate vicinity of the house;
• Does the house have a basement or basement?

The cheapest materials are sawdust and penoplex. They are very convenient to install and operate. However, if the house is susceptible to attacks by rodents and cockroaches, it is better to give preference to expanded clay, ecowool and mineral wool. Ecowool and polyurethane foam are the most expensive materials, but quite reliable and durable.

When choosing a material for insulation, you must take into account the design features, as well as take care of good waterproofing, which will extend the service life of any insulation.

In contact with

The most important stage in the construction and repair of a private house is floor insulation, since comfort and coziness in the premises is created by maintaining optimal temperature. In this article we will consider the option of insulation with installation from below.

Insulation methods

Thermal insulation of floors in a private house is required in the following situations:

• for floors located above cold floors and cellars;
• for laying in ceilings between floors;
• for processing floors under the attic, if there is one.

When the floor in a wooden house is insulated from below, the following problems are solved:

• extra operating costs heating system;
• violations in the temperature and humidity conditions at home;
• rotting of materials in floor structures;
• formation of mold, mildew, etc.

When a house is being built from scratch, it is recommended to take care of a high-quality thermal insulation layer. In this case, everything is much simpler, because the installation is carried out layer by layer, and the owner can think in advance about the layout of the floors in the house on each floor. Naturally, based on personal preferences, the owner can create such ceilings and floors that he will be proud to publish in photos in in social networks and show them off to your guests.

Reasons and features of thermal insulation from below

When processed attic floors Insulation can be laid on top, and floors perform heat-protective functions more effectively when laid from below.

This is due to the following reasons:

• the height of the room does not decrease at the level of the first floor;
• the insulation should not be dense and rigid in order to withstand the mechanical load created on the ceiling;
• not only the floor surface, but also everything is protected from freezing wooden floor;
• the dew point shifts towards the floor surface, preserving the interior of the structure from rotting.

However, before insulating the floor in a wooden house from below, it is worth noting that this process has certain disadvantages:

• laying insulation requires an additional fastening procedure;
• the installation process becomes significantly more complicated when it is necessary to work in a low basement or cellar (more details: " ");
• when working with ceiling covering workers quickly become fatigued;
• The types of insulation are limited.

Requirements for materials used

The essence of this installation method is that you cannot use any type of insulation.

It is important that materials for floor insulation in a wooden house meet the following criteria:

• the weight should be low, since a high load on the floor is unacceptable;
• using the material should be convenient and simple;
• the efficiency of the created thermal insulation layer must be high;
• the structure must be coherent, therefore bulk materials cannot be used;
• it is advisable to choose a fire-resistant material to increase fire safety in the house.

Based on the criteria presented above, it is recommended to use rolled mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam.

Mineral wool comes in the form of rigid slabs that can be laid between floor beams. In this case, the slab must exceed the distance between the beams. Fastening is carried out due to the friction of the material and wooden beams.

A similar installation method is used when working with mansard roof. The material itself is highly effective, non-flammable, weakly absorbs moisture and is resistant to biological effects. The disadvantage is that every worker must be protected from the fibers of the material, and this will require masks and protective clothing.

The low strength of the material is not a disadvantage, but flammability and poor resistance to low temperatures And high humidity really create inconvenience. The popularity of the material is due to its low cost, but eliminating its shortcomings will require additional processing costs.

As for polyurethane foam, it has the following advantages: ease of installation, reliable fastening with filling of any surface defects and hard to reach places, effective thermal insulation and protection from various biological factors.

Polymer materials, of course, cost more, but there are fewer questions about their quality, which leads to an increase in their popularity among owners of private housing. The disadvantage of this material is its flammability, like many polymers, as well as the need for its lining.

Installation procedure

Although the laying technology for all types of material differs, the arrangement of layers is always the same.

When insulating floors from below, it is necessary to lay layers in the following order:

• waterproofing;
• thermal insulation;
• vapor barrier;
• overlap;
• directly to the floor covering.

If the installation technology is followed, the room will always maintain normal temperature and humidity.

As for installation, it will not cause difficulties in the case of all the materials listed above. Mineral wool and polystyrene foam are placed between the floor beams. As mentioned above, the foam will be held in place by friction with the wood and bigger size sheets than the spacing between beams, and cotton wool is a material that tightly fills any spaces.

You should not compact the cotton wool to avoid reducing its characteristics. Polyurethane foam is applied in even layers and its quantity should be calculated in advance so that during the work you do not face the problem of material shortage. By buying excess, the owner becomes the owner of another problem - high cost.

Waterproofing layer

Cold air from cellars and basements tends to condense on warm floors. The wood used in construction is susceptible to rotting under regular exposure to moisture, and therefore it is impossible to do without a waterproofing layer.

Vapor barrier layer

Bottom line

The article talks in detail about how insulation can be done wooden floors in a private house from below at each level of the building. At correct execution All work can result in high-quality floors that will last for many years.

Difficulties that arise during the installation process will be resolved by specialists who will take responsibility for all stages of insulation and floor installation. Clarity and professionalism when carrying out such work will avoid unnecessary expenses on materials and possible alterations if errors are made.