Current government programs to support small and medium-sized businesses. Help for small businesses from the state: myth or reality

The economic crisis also affected the changing situation on the labor market. Many enterprises were forced to reduce staff, and as a result, a large number of people left without permanent place work and stable income.

If you find yourself in a similar situation, do not immediately despair. After all, losing a hired job is an excellent chance to open your own business and start earning money as a individual entrepreneur. Fortunately, today there are many special government programs to help small businesses, so you can get money to start your own business free of charge.

How much is the state ready to issue and in which regions?

The state programs for subsidizing small businesses in force in 2016 provide several options for payments for organization and development

About 4 thousand rubles for an individual entrepreneur or up to 20 thousand rubles for an LLC as compensation for the costs of processing registration documents.
Federal in the amount of 60 thousand rubles from regional center employment.
Municipal assistance in the amount of 300 thousand rubles for the regions and 600 thousand rubles for Moscow.
. It can be obtained both from government agencies and from individuals and organizations. The amount will depend on the selected funding source.

These government programs They work successfully throughout the Russian Federation, and citizens who have received official unemployed status can apply for payments. To receive free financial assistance Government agencies will need to collect a package of documents, allocate a little time to create a business plan and approve it, be patient and wait for the verdict of the evaluation commission. Measures and conditions for receiving funds in different regions may differ slightly, but in general, the solution to organizational issues follows a single algorithm.

How to get money for business at the Employment Center

First of all, you will have to register with the Employment Center (PEC) at your place of registration and receive official unemployed status there. This is necessary so that the state understands that you really want to receive help to organize your own business and that you do not have other options for self-employment.

Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Diploma, certificate.
Certificate of assignment of your TIN.
Employment history.
Savings book, bank account or Sberbank card.
Certificate of pension insurance.
Men will need military ID.

With these documents, you go to the inspector assigned to you, who assigns you the status of unemployed. Russian Labor Code as of 2016, it limits the circle of persons who cannot obtain unemployed status and, accordingly, qualify for 60 thousand rubles. subsidies for organizing individual entrepreneurs at the Employment Center.

Persons under 16 years of age.
Full-time students.
Pensioners.
Current founders of an LLC or individual entrepreneur.
Women on maternity leave or parental leave.
Disabled people of non-working groups.
Prisoners and convicted citizens subject to a measure of restraint in the form of correctional labor.

Note!

At the Employment Center you may be asked to obtain an official refusal of employment from three potential employers in order to confirm your unsuitability for hired work by specialty. And give you the right to apply for self-employment. Ask the inspector to find you suitable options with a high probability of refusal. If refusals are not received within 21 working days, you will be able to take referrals again only after 4 weeks.

Choosing a type of activity and drawing up a business plan

So, the status of unemployed has been received. It's time to write your own business plan, but you don't know where to start? Start by identifying an area of business that you would be interested in developing. Regional training centers provide the opportunity to take entrepreneurship training courses or get advice from an experienced specialist on these issues. It will be easier for you to decide if you take advantage of all the opportunities that the inspector will offer you.

You will have a better chance of receiving a subsidy if you choose priority areas for your region or provide additional jobs for other unemployed people.

Business plans related to the purchase/sale, production of alcohol and tobacco, stock brokerage and MLM will not pass. It would be a good idea to familiarize yourself with the list of areas where there is an acute shortage of small businesses. Applicants for subsidies from the Employment Center are more likely to be approved if their individual entrepreneur helps fill an empty business niche.

Describe in detail the type of activity, the expected overhead costs for the purchase of equipment, rental of premises, indicate the number of employees and how many people you plan to employ from the central purchase price center, calculation of profitability and estimated payback periods.

The business plan is analyzed by an evaluation commission, based on the findings of which a decision is made to assign or refuse funds to you. Independent experts assess the financial prospects and profitability of your individual entrepreneur for the region. Before receiving this decision and concluding an agreement with the Central Signatory, you cannot register an individual entrepreneur or LLC.

On a note

You can receive additional subsidies for your own business within the framework of the same state program if you provide jobs for citizens registered with the Central Employment Service. An amount of 60 thousand rubles is allocated for each of them. The only condition is that the unemployed, for whom an additional subsidy was received, must work at your enterprise for at least a year.

When all the stages of receiving financial assistance from the Employment Center have been completed, the contract has been concluded, you can proceed to registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC and begin work. Do not forget to report on the targeted spending of funds allocated by the state, otherwise you will have to return the entire amount, taking into account taxes and commissions.

The number of starting businessmen is steadily increasing every year. Increasing their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and meets the ever-growing needs of the population.

Financial support from the state contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce ways to help: various benefits, subsidies, as well as material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to small and medium-sized business owners. To find out if your company falls into this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

starting business(up to 15 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
small business(up to 100 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
medium business(up to 250 people on staff with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To receive assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
the company is registered with the tax service;
SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of funding are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits and also own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose areas of activity are among their priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

Manufacturing of consumer goods.
Popular trends in folk art.
Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
Housing and communal services.
Agro-industrial department.
The field of science and technology, as well as innovation activities.

How to get help from the state for the development of small businesses in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be repaid after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs to citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which helps improve quality and stabilize prices.

But along with concluding a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill some obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the moment of receiving funds from the state, a businessman is required to submit a report to the Employment Center with documents on the use of the subsidy. As confirmation, sales or fiscal receipts, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan that indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if a business operator cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidy funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement stipulate that the activities of the financed small enterprise must last at least one year from the time of opening. This eliminates the possibility of cooperation with fly-by-night companies.

Help can be obtained from many authorities and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here are some of them:

City administration. Department economic development provides information about species financial support small business.
Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consultations on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates funds for the activities of the small enterprise.
Business incubator. This organization provides infrastructure support for the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
Venture fund. Mainly focuses on innovative projects, subsequently invests money in their activities.
Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list necessary documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
Insurance certificate (SNILS).
A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which contains information about the salary for three months before the completion of work.
Document confirming the availability of education.
Application from a program participant to receive financial support from the state (using a specially approved form).
Ready business plan.

Money from the Employment Center

The most common way to get help among entrepreneurs is to contact the Employment Center. How is this procedure done?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain unemployed status. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is only available to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
work book;
document on marital status;
education document.

Then you need to draw up a business plan With detailed description project, targeted distribution of funds and indication of its payback period. The third step is registering the business as an individual entrepreneur.

The regional commission reviews the package of documents within 60 days. If a positive decision is made, an agreement will be concluded between the applicant and the Employment Center, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient’s account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain expenses, such as registering and opening a small business. If the applicant receives a denial notice, he can try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves assistance to beginning businessmen to open a business and to those who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

Department of Economic Development.
Funds to support small and medium-sized businesses.
Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for receiving a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to government legislation, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gaming activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is used to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. A businessman should look for the remaining finances for business development on his own. Don't be afraid of investment, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
Certificate of registration of individual entrepreneur or LLC and business plan.
Bank statement about the amount of your own finances.
Certificate of positive credit history.

The Industry Commission then decides on the provision of funds. Maximum size The cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state's priority is the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans to subsidize small businesses are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of funds allocated:

Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, and they are also characterized by a large amount of money allocated for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. Distinctive feature is also the fact that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects whose owners are already conducting commercial activities.
Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and manage the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of an entire region.
Local programs. The scale of implementation is working with city or regional entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The size of the assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for completing the application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent the selection rules. A small business owner should take this into account.

Preferential lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are not able to receive financial support from the state can apply for preferential loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As indicated, the likelihood of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in activities that are a priority for the state.

Advice: If you have any questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for beginning businessmen.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time loan cash payment for an amount from 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After signing the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. Investments and investment in the project are also a prerequisite own funds businessman. Their number is determined as follows:

20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if repayment of the loan is planned from future income expected after the start of the business project.
There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can you use money from the state for?

As mentioned above, the subsidizing process is the free issuance of funds that facilitate the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified conditions and reduced interest rate. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

Payment for rent of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these expenses).
Replenishment of working capital.
Equipment for workplaces.
Purchase of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
Purchase Supplies(the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
Work related to repairs and opening.
Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates what exactly the subsidy income received was spent on. It is also necessary to submit certificates and receipts to the control authorities.

Intangible options for supporting small businesses

Nowadays, the state is ready to help beginning businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing their capital. There are several other forms of support:

Free training opportunity. Why do many entrepreneurs, when faced with problems, leave business in the first years of activity? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about running their business. Such educational skills (for example, how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides starting businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit the relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of completion of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but in an amount not exceeding 40 thousand rubles per year.
Reduced rent. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are located. Remember that you can only get such a discount if the building is municipal property, and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the subsequent period the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional help to pay for communications.
Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To popularize and further develop, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the selection results, the state can help pay the costs of registration, renting a place, transporting exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions for receiving compensation for a small business: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Let's sum it up

The advantage of financial support programs is the possibility of increasing capital small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, concluding an agreement with the relevant government agencies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features existing programs support and requirements for them. Then he will be able to make the most of the assistance and fulfill his obligations.

If you are just planning to start your own business, state support for small businesses in 2016 will be a good opportunity to receive the funds necessary for the development of the project.

The state helps beginning businessmen by providing comprehensive support and offering many programs. Most often these are subsidies for small businesses. Free training for entrepreneurs is also provided. In addition, the state provides assistance in obtaining loans and invites entrepreneurs to take part in exhibitions. Such programs operate in all regions.

In 2016, the government allocated about 17 billion rubles for business development. These funds were allocated to the regions. Today, many events are held specifically to help entrepreneurs.

How to get help

There are businessmen who still have not received help from the state. But many entrepreneurs simply do not know that such an opportunity exists. State support for small businesses in 2016 will allow entrepreneurs to start their own business. You can find out about all current programs from organizations and departments that are responsible for the development of this area. In addition, you will find information about programs in regional and municipal administrations.

Support for entrepreneurs is provided in various areas. Most often it is expressed in the issuance of cash grants and subsidies to entrepreneurs. In addition, businessmen are trained. It is carried out absolutely free of charge, or with minimal costs from their side.

Businessmen are provided with assistance in signing a leasing agreement. Participation in a business incubator is possible. This will be of interest to those businessmen who want to find office space.

Help is also provided in the following cases:

When providing services on an outsourcing basis. We are talking about accounting and legal services. Specialists provide assistance free of charge, or significantly reduce the cost of services.
Entrepreneurs receive discounts and can take part in fairs and exhibitions on preferential terms.
Businessmen are provided with assistance in purchasing or renting production sites that are municipally owned.

If you want to participate in the program, you must first check whether it is available in your area.
Almost every municipality has its own activities.

There are different types of support for small businesses non-profit organizations. Active participation accepted by commercial companies. They are the link between the state and business structures. Such organizations are engaged in the implementation of the activities provided for in the program.

These are many venture funds, the largest investment companies. Banks have become partners of the state, public organization. The system includes business schools and other educational institutions.

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State aid instruments

Tools for providing assistance to businessmen are divided into direct and indirect. The latter may include tax breaks on payments to the local budget. They are introduced at the initiative of regional authorities. But it must be said that such benefits do not exist everywhere.

Tools include organizing infrastructure for doing business and creating business incubators.
If you decide to start your own business, take funds for business development from the state. This can be done in different ways.

Subsidies. If you have just completed registration, received the status of an individual entrepreneur, or became the founder of an LLC, then you have the right to receive a subsidy. Please note that only those entrepreneurs who have been in business for no more than 2 years can receive assistance.

Remember that each region has its own rules for receiving subsidies. Choose those programs that operate in the region where the business is registered.

In addition, there are several basic conditions that must be met. These include the following points:

An entrepreneur can spend funds only in accordance with established rules;
all expenses must be clearly documented.

When the reporting period ends, you must submit receipts, invoices and other documents to the regulatory authority. Any improper use of funds or their insufficient utilization may lead to a demand for the return of money to the budget. This rule applies to situations where a businessman cannot document expenses.

It should be taken into account that it is unlikely that it will be possible to open a business entirely with state money. But you can get funds, because the state provides co-financing.

A businessman can receive a one-time payment financial assistance. Take money to open own project it will turn out in Federal service employment. This is possible within the framework of a special program that was developed to enable citizens who have become unemployed to start their own business.

The program provides for the entrepreneur to fulfill the following points:

A citizen must obtain unemployed status by registering. If all the offers made by the employment service are not suitable for the person, then you can move on to the next stage.
You need to declare that you want to open a small business. You may be offered free training and assistance in preparing a business development plan. When it is approved, you will register, receive the status of an individual entrepreneur, or become the founder of an LLC.
When the employment center receives documents from the Federal Tax Service, you need to sign an agreement. Very important point upon receipt of the amount is reported.

Often there is not enough money to open a medium or small business. This is precisely what prevents you from realizing your newest ideas and plans to be implemented, and accordingly to move the economy. That is why the state came up with a subsidy for small businesses in 2016. With its help, even the most daring ideas can be brought to life, taking into account the fact that for small entrepreneurs gentle tax burdens have been thought out, for example, the simplified tax system. Next, we’ll look at how to get a subsidy for small business development, as well as what its advantages are.

Main advantages

Supporting medium and small businesses is very important for the state, because they are the main engine of the economy, creating healthy competition and, accordingly, constantly improving the quality of the products offered. Thanks to this, the end buyer has the opportunity to buy quality goods at optimally low prices. Small business subsidies from the government in 2016 are payments that do not need to be repaid, unlike funds that are obtained through borrowing or lending. The money can be used either to open or develop a business.

The amount of the subsidy will depend on the region of residence of the entrepreneur, as well as the needs for which it will be used:

purchase of equipment;
purchase of raw materials;
intangible assets;
purchase of consumables;
repair work, etc.

However, the subsidy cannot be used for the production of alcohol or tobacco products. After receiving funds, a businessman must submit a report on their use (see photo). Indicate income minus expenses. You need to manage your finances very wisely. If after purchase necessary materials or there are still works remaining, they will have to be returned to the state. In case of misuse of money, the state will have to return the entire amount.

Types of payments

Exist different kinds state support medium and small businesses in 2016:

business development (about 25 thousand rubles);
opening a business with the possibility of creating new jobs (approximately 60 thousand rubles);
opening a business if the entrepreneur is the only parent of a disabled child (about 300 thousand rubles).

You can get money for development not only if you start your own business, but also when working as a franchise. They are also issued to entrepreneurs working under the simplified tax system.

What do we have to do?

How to get subsidies for small businesses 2016? In fact, every unemployed person can do this, but not everyone will succeed. To do this you need:

register with the Employment Center at your place of registration;
obtain a certificate of unemployed status;
create a business project;
submit the project for consideration to the department for promoting self-employment of citizens;
if the business plan is approved, register with the Tax Service;
come to the Employment Center to open an individual account to receive assistance;
obtain an entrepreneur certificate from the Tax Service;
contact the Employment Center again with a passport, an application of the appropriate form and a ready-made business project.

Based on the latest documents, a cooperation agreement is concluded between the state and the entrepreneur. Subsidies for small businesses will be transferred to the individual account within a month.

In order to be sure to receive a subsidy for opening a small business, you need to very competently draw up a business plan. It must indicate the following:

Kind of activity;
product production technology;
equipment used;
proposed suppliers;
total cost of the project;
estimated income minus expenses;
payback and profitability of the business.

Features of receiving help

Once you have managed to receive a subsidy, you will not need to return it to the state. But from 2016 onwards it will be necessary to maintain reporting. 3 months after receiving the money, you need to contact the Employment Center and provide information about the use of the money. To do this, you can provide a receipt, check or any other similar document. The submitted reports and business plan must be identical. If this is not the case, the entrepreneur must return the issued cash to the state in full.

To receive money, a new enterprise must be registered for at least 1 year. This is how the state protects itself from issuing finances to fictitious companies. Most often, subsidies are issued for development Agriculture, tourism business, as well as education and healthcare systems. Although obtaining them is associated with some difficulties, they still allow you to open own business and bring interesting ideas to life.

Some people believe that starting your own business requires a large start-up capital. In some cases this is true. But even without savings you can start doing business. The main thing is that you have an idea and desire. Take advantage of various government programs that allow you to start your own business without any investment. There are many ways to do this: small business assistance program from the employment center , various grants and funds.

Types of assistance from the state

Entrepreneurs think that only trouble can be expected from the state - tax audits, changes in working conditions and different requirements.

You don’t have to have start-up capital to start your own business - you can just get help

Few people know what they can get from the state real help, especially if you get into the regional and federal small business support programs that are regularly launched throughout the country.

Help from the state may be as follows:

consulting and information (various free courses, seminars, training programs);
organizational (providing an equipped place at a market or fair);
infrastructure (numerous funds supporting start-up entrepreneurs, business incubators and centers);
innovative (if you have some kind of scientific development or idea, the state can sponsor its implementation);
financial (providing various compensations, preferential loans, grants, subsidies).
permitting (an entrepreneur is allowed to conduct a business in a simplified manner without detailed accounting support, obtaining expensive licenses, etc.).

Most often, novice businessmen focus specifically on financial assistance. But it should be understood thatare limited, and you may simply not get them due to great competition. Therefore you must really prepare interesting idea and draw up the right business plan for it in order to outperform your future colleagues.

Note:Don’t focus only on financial assistance - other types can bring you much more benefits. For example, permitting assistance may completely exempt you from taxes and audits.

Receiving free assistance

Getting a loan from the state is not that difficult, even on preferential terms. The only disadvantage of the loan is that it will have to be repaid (either in small installments every month or at the end of the term). Therefore, you should look for opportunities to receive various grants and other free assistance.

There is no need to give a business grant - the main thing is to fulfill the conditions for receiving it

It will not need to be given back if you fulfill your obligations and spend the money exactly on what you intended (targeted spending of funds). Free assistance is as follows:

Grants. Usually issued from the local or regional budget to beginning or young entrepreneurs. The intended purpose is the implementation of the approved business plan. Usually the amount does not exceed 300 thousand rubles, and the businessman must pay up to 50% of the total amount himself. That is, half of the expenses will be paid by the state, half by you.
Subsidies. They are usually issued to experienced businessmen who want to develop further and provide new jobs. The subsidy is issued for the purchase of assets and equipment: it can reach up to 90% of their value. The maximum subsidy amount is 10 million rubles, but it may vary depending on the region of the Russian Federation.
Grant for the unemployed. It is understood that a person who has lost his job and has unemployed status can immediately receive all insurance compensation and payments for the year from the employment center. In return, he guarantees to ensure self-employment by opening his own business. It is noteworthy that you can receive this payment for each unemployed person hired into an official job. Amount of payments for this moment is 58 thousand rubles.
Repayment of interest on the loan. Typically, the body of the loan received for the purchase of equipment is repaid by the entrepreneur himself, and the state pays half or ¾ of the accrued interest.
Another relevant one assistance to small businesses from the state in 2016 - 2017 - This means receiving a subsidy for participation in the fair. Typically, the budget compensates the entrepreneur for ½ or ⅔ of the funds spent on renting or delivering commercial equipment. In some cases, the state simply equips trading places itself and invites entrepreneurs to them. The amount of compensation cannot exceed 300,000 rubles.

Farmers can receive additional assistance: they are given preferential loans for the purchase of seeds, breeding stock, equipment, and infrastructure.

Help from banks

Many banks also offer assistance to budding entrepreneurs. It is much easier to get loans from them than from the state, especially in small towns. The business itself or the entrepreneur's real estate is usually used as collateral for the loan.

You can receive all payments at the employment center for a whole year and open a business