Bulbous irises, planting and care. Dutch iris: types and characteristics of cultivation

Dutch bulbous iris, planting and caring for which is not difficult, will decorate even the smallest area. Graceful multi-colored flowers on long straight stems look very decorative; they are great for decorating borders, flower beds, edging paths and ponds.

Dutch irises belong to the category of bulbous plants. They are very elegant, long sword-shaped leaves look decorative and decorate flower beds and gardens even after flowering has ended. There is a wide variety of plants, allowing you to choose right size, shade, shape of petals. All the proposed varieties get along well in the same flower bed and have similar requirements for care, watering, and soil composition. You can buy the flowers you like in specialized stores or nurseries; they are often offered under the name reticulated iris. Among the most popular Dutch varieties:

1. 1 Blue Champion. The stem reaches 65 cm. Flowers with velvety dark blue inner and lighter outer petals bloom in mid-June and remain decorative for at least a week. Suitable for cutting.
2. 2 King Mov. Large inflorescences of two shades of pink and purple are crowned with strong stems up to 60 cm long. The aroma is subtle and pleasant. The leaves are wide, dense, and decorate flower beds after flowering.
3. 3 Symphony. Spectacular plants of medium height, contrasting flowers, yellow outer petals, snow-white inner petals. The smaller Marquette variety has a similar pattern.
4. 4 Safer Beauty. Compact option for flower beds and alpine slides. Late variety, very good in cutting. The leaves are narrow, xiphoid. The flowers are medium in size, the inner petals are velvet purple, the outer petals are bright blue.
5. 5 Golden Yellow. Narrow-leaved dwarf variety, stems no higher than 40 cm, strong and perfectly straight. The flowers are small, very elegant, deep yellow.
6. 6 Violet Beauty. A variegated variety with blue-violet flowers edged with a bright yellow stripe.

It is better to purchase bulbs for planting from gardeners who have already tried one or another variety. New products appear annually and are presented at specialized exhibitions and fairs

Suitable location and soil preparation

Bulbous irises love sunny, but not too hot areas with well-drained soil. Flowers are quite capricious; stagnant moisture and soil do not suit them, but an insufficient amount water is no less destructive. The area where irises grow must be protected from gusts of wind, which can break the tall, fragile stems. Plants can be placed next to a pond, but to remove excess moisture, it is worth pouring a layer of drainage from the nutrient soil under broken bricks, coarse sand, expanded clay or pebbles.

The soil on which reticulated iris grows should have a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. It is important that there is no groundwater in it that negatively affects acidity. Can improve the composition slaked lime, which is applied before planting the bulbs. Mixing will help make the soil lighter small portion peat and humus, followed by thorough loosening. Stones, roots, and plant remains are removed from the soil, and large clods are broken with a shovel. The lighter and softer the soil, the higher the chances of plant survival.

Flowerbeds and ridges begin to be prepared in early September. IN middle lane bulbs are planted closer to October. They should not germinate, otherwise the young plants may die when cold weather sets in. The task of the amateur gardener is to organize a comfortable winter for the irises, ensure an early awakening and timely flowering. It is also possible spring planting, but in this case the formation of buds will be delayed by 10-20 days.

Subtleties of landing

Before you start decorating your flower beds, you need to calculate the amount of planting material. For lush flowering, 15-20 large or 25-30 small bulbs are planted per 1 m². They are sorted through and examined. Healthy specimens suitable for forcing should be dense, without soft areas, dark spots and traces of mold. After sorting, they are briefly soaked in a fungicide solution. This simple procedure protects the material from rotting and improves germination. It is recommended to spill the soil with an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate for additional disinfection and destruction of insect larvae.

Under each, a hole is dug about 10 cm deep for the southern regions or 12-15 cm for the northern ones. The distance between flowers is about 15 cm. This way the plants will not interfere with each other, and there will be no unsightly bald spots between the stems. The bulbs are laid out in the holes with the roots down, sprinkled with earth and lightly compacted. The flowerbed should be thoroughly watered with settled water that is not too cold.

If the bulb has already sprouted and is planted in the spring, it is placed so that the soil level is at the border of the green arrow. There is no need to deepen it. The earth around is carefully crushed with palms. The soil surface can be mulched with peat, this will protect the flower bed from weeds. When planting tall varieties, it is worth taking care of support for the stems. On open area This role can be played by a pergola or a tall bush, protecting fragile flowers from gusts of wind.

Reticulated iris is planted in the greenhouse in early autumn; in this case, flowers suitable for cutting can be obtained in November. For forcing by March, the bulbs are placed in the ground in the first ten days of February. The ideal temperature for rapid growth of stems and formation of buds should not exceed 15ºC. Plants need timely moderate watering, fertilizing and bright lighting.

Flower garden care

In open beds, entrances appear in late April-early May. Plants develop quickly; in the first weeks they do not require watering; the plants have enough moisture retained in the soil. In cool weather, buds form later; on warm days, flowering begins at the end of May. Caring for plants is not difficult; given the right location and light, fertile soil, they develop practically without the participation of the garden owner.

To ensure the supply of oxygen to the bulbs, the soil is loosened 1-2 times a week; a hard whitish crust should not form on the surface of the earth. When loosening, it is important not to damage the delicate roots. At the same time, weeds are removed, which not only take away nutrients and moisture, but also contribute to the appearance of insect pests.

You can fertilize the plantings monthly; old humus, birch ash, and compost are added to the soil. Fresh manure cannot be used; it can damage delicate bulbs. Not worth entering mineral supplements with a lot of nitrogen. They cause rapid growth of green mass to the detriment of the formation of buds.

Irises love moderate humidity, but do not tolerate stagnant water in the soil. In hot weather, they need to be watered 2-3 times a week; on cool days, the amount of moisture is reduced. It is not recommended to spray flowers; they prefer watering at the root.

After flowering ends, long sword-shaped leaves decorate the area for at least a month. When they begin to dry out, the green mass is cut off with a sharp knife, the bulbs are dug up and dried under the hot sun for 2-3 weeks. After this, the material is removed for storage. For successful wintering, plantings are covered with branches, spruce branches or film.

Site design

The great advantage of irises is their diversity. Suitable for alpine slides dwarf varieties, beautifully in harmony with decorative greenery. The color is selected depending on the overall color range: for example, yellow or fawn flowers are very elegant on a lilac, white, blue background of astilbe, forget-me-nots, and awl-shaped phlox.

A pond or other decorative pond can be surrounded by taller varieties with narrow leaves. It is better to plant them in groups, placing plants of harmonizing tones nearby. Burgundy flowers look beautiful next to fawn ones, bright blue ones are perfectly complemented by lemon yellow or soft pink. Compact varieties are often planted in large flowerpots and displayed on verandas. Such portable flower beds need good drainage, which does not allow water to stagnate near the bulbs.

To avoid mistakes with planting next season, plants are marked with stickers during flowering. This will allow you to determine the shade of the buds when decorating flower beds in late autumn. Store irises different varieties and tones are recommended in separate boxes or bags.

Iris reticulum is an elegant and hardy plant that deserves best place in any garden. Having mastered the intricacies of caring for a delicate flower, you can enjoy a variety of colors throughout the summer. Different terms growing season of varieties will allow organizing continuous flowering with changing shapes and colors.

Bulbous irises, which bloom in our areas along with other primroses, will help diversify spring flower bed and add more bright colors to it.

Irises - large group perennial plants, among which are the most different types and varieties. They can be dwarf or giant, and also differ in the shape of the flowers and their color. Most of Irises are self-rooted plants, but in nature there are also bulbous specimens that have been classified into 3 separate genera: Iridodictyum, Juno and Xiphion.

Iridodictium

This genus includes 11 species, growing mainly in the mountains of Central Asia and the Western Urals. These plants can also be found in the Caucasus and the Balkan Peninsula. That is why they take root well in the climate of the middle zone. Iridodictiums are considered the most resilient of all bulbous irises.

The name "iridodictium" comes from the Greek words "iris" (rainbow) and "diction" (network) - due to the bright color of the flowers and the mesh-like top layer of the bulbs.

Small plants belong to this genus. Iridodictiums grow to an average height of 15 cm. The leaves of the flowers are narrow and hard, appearing along with the buds. Each plant usually blooms only one flower, reaching 5-7 cm in diameter. Iridodictium flowers are very exotic, always with an unusual color and strong aroma.

Plants bloom in late March - early April and delight with their flowering for 2 weeks. These irises can grow in one place for up to 5 years.

Juno

The genus Juno is more numerous than Iridodictium. It includes up to 40 species of bulbous plants that can be found in nature in the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Central Asia, South Africa and the Mediterranean.

These bulbous irises are named after the Roman goddess Juno, considered the patroness of women.

Different types of junos can vary in height: these irises grow from 10 to 50 cm. The leaves of the plants are located on the trunk in several rows. Flowers appear from the axils of the leaves and at the top of the stem. Thus, one specimen can have up to 10 buds.

Junos are most often found in white, yellow, purple and lilac. Flowers of many species have a rich aroma. Plants bloom in April-May for 2-3 weeks. Just like iridodictiums, they can grow in one place for up to 5 years.

Xiphium

This group of bulbous irises is the smallest. It includes only 6 species growing in the north-west of the Mediterranean coast. The climate of the middle zone is considered not very favorable for them, therefore, when grown in open ground They need to be dug up every year.

Xyphiums get their name from the Greek word "xiphium" (sword) due to the shape of their leaves.

The leaves of Xyphiums are narrow and elongated. The flowers are quite simple compared to other bulbous irises. But they are quite large - they can reach 10 cm in diameter. At the same time, the height of plants varies - 30-80 cm (depending on the type and variety).

The color of the flowers is monochromatic: usually white, yellow, blue, indigo, violet. But there are also two-color specimens.

How to plant bulbous irises?

Bulbous irises should be planted in a sunny place protected from the wind. But an area with high groundwater levels is not very suitable for these plants. Irises do not grow well in damp places and get sick often.

Iris bulbs are planted in open ground in late September - early October. They prefer light and nutritious soil with a neutral reaction. Typically, the planting depth is equal to three times the height of the bulb. Therefore, depending on the size of the planting material, it will be different. The distance between plants should be equal to 3-4 bulb diameters.

Bulbous irises are planted in holes or grooves, after first pouring a small layer of sand on the bottom for drainage. In winter, it is advisable to cover the flowerbed with plants with peat, spruce branches or dry fallen leaves.

What is the proper care for bulbous irises?

• In spring, you can remove the cover from bulbous irises quite early: after the snow has melted, but before the soil has completely thawed.
• The first fertilizing should be carried out after removing the cover with a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in a ratio of 2:1:1.
• During budding, bulbous irises must be fed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 3:1:2.
• A month after flowering, only phosphorus and potassium, taken in equal parts, need to be added to the irises.
• Plants should be watered in dry weather and during active growth and flowering. However, this should be done sparingly so as not to flood the irises.
• After watering, it is advisable to loosen the soil to prevent the formation of a soil crust.
• When the bulbous irises fade, watering should be stopped. After the leaves of the plants turn yellow, the bulbs can be dug up and stored.
• Before bookmarking winter storage Iris bulbs should be dried for 2-4 weeks. At this time, Iridodictiums and Junos must be kept at a temperature of 23-25°C, and Xyphium - 30-35°C. In this case, the humidity should be in the range of 60-80%. By the end of the drying period, the temperature must be reduced to 15-17°C and stored in such conditions until planting. Humidity should be high - about 80%.

Iridodictium, Juno, Xyphium in garden design

Iridodictiums and junos look great with other bulbous plants, as well as primroses, decorating the site at the same time. These are crocuses, scillas, pushkinias, chionodoxes, snowdrops, primroses and hellebores. Xyphiums go well with perennials, such as buttercups or phlox.

In general, bulbous irises are suitable not only for growing in a flower bed, but also in a rock garden or on alpine slide. They can also be planted in groups on the lawn. In addition, iridodictiums and xyphiums can be cut into bouquets.

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Be sure to plant bulbous irises in the garden, because they beautifully decorate the area in early spring when the garden is just waking up after hibernation

Growing Dutch iris

Dutch iris is a perennial crop. Grow a flower in room conditions and in open ground. The plant is unpretentious, winter-hardy.

Planting bulbous Dutch irises

For successful cultivation, choose an area with fertile soil. Soil for irises is suitable with a neutral pH level and without a tendency to stagnate moisture. Plant the bulbs in late August - early September.

Source: Depositphotos

Dutch iris grows for more than 10 years in one place if you follow the rules of care

Landing rules:

• process planting material fungicide according to instructions, dry to prevent rotting;
• spill the soil with a pink solution of potassium permanganate to disinfect and destroy microbes that cause various plant diseases;
• make grooves up to 15 cm deep, add a layer of sand up to 5 cm for drainage;
• after the first roots appear, plant the iris in beds with a distance of 10–15 cm. Sprinkle the bulbs with a 5–6 cm layer of sand, then cover the plantings with soil;
• water the beds warm water 23–27 °C.

Dutch irises bloom in late May - early June. Flowering is short-term - each flower opens for 4–5 days. On hot days, the flowering period is reduced to 1–2 days, on cool days it increases by 2–3 days.

Every year, after the leaves dry out, dig up the bulbs to dry. At temperatures of 30 °C or more, dry the planting material for 2–3 weeks. After this, place it in a cool room with a temperature of 18–20 ° C until planting in the soil.

Caring for irises

Planting and caring for Dutch irises does not require complex skills. Rules of care:

• lighting. Protect the plant from direct sun rays. Plant next to crops that provide partial shade above the irises;
• loosening the soil. Do it once every 3–5 days;
• watering. Irrigate when slightly dry upper layer land. Do not allow the soil to become waterlogged or dry out;
• feeding Add humus or compost in the spring at the rate of 1 bucket per 1 square meter. m. After planting, fertilize the flowers with wood ash 1 bucket per 1 sq. m. m;
• shelter for wintering. If the winters in the region where you cultivate flowers are snowy, a layer of precipitation is enough to protect against freezing. If there is little snow falling or the wind blows it away from the area, mulch the beds with a layer of 5–10 cm of sawdust, leaves or spruce branches.

If you follow simple care rules, irises grow for 10–12 years in one place.

Bulbous iris is classified as unpretentious plants. Subject to the rules of growing flowers long time decorate the flowerbed.

Named after the goddess of the rainbow, Iris, these luxurious flowers bloom in all their glory at the beginning of summer, delighting us with a variety of natural variations in shades and shapes, as well as a distinctly fresh aroma. Care beautiful plant will not be difficult, so you will not have to be persuaded to buy it. However, not every gardener knows that irises can be grown from bulbs. In order for the iris to grow well and show off in your garden bed, read the conditions correct landing bulbous irises in open ground in spring and autumn.

Varieties and varieties of bulbous irises: descriptions and nuances of care and cultivation

As a rule, irises are rooted plants; they are also called rhizomatous, but there are also bulbous flowers. Despite the fact that they are very similar in appearance and it is almost impossible to distinguish them, planting and caring for them are somewhat different.

Bulbous irises include 3 separate genera, each with their own characteristics: Xyphium, Iridodictium and Juno.

Xiphium

These bulbous irises received this name due to the shape of their leaves, reminiscent of swords (from the Greek “xiphium” - “sword”), respectively, they are narrow and elongated.

By the way! The north-west of the Mediterranean coast is considered the homeland of xyphiums, so without digging they can only be grown in warm and dry southern regions. In the middle zone (Moscow region) it is necessary to dig.

The flower shape of Xyphiums is the simplest of all bulbous irises, but quite large - up to 10 centimeters in diameter. The height of the flowers themselves is from 30 to 80 centimeters.

The inflorescences of these irises have purple, blue, light blue, yellow or white flowers. You can often find two-tone colors. It all depends on what specific type and the variety you will purchase.

Interesting! Xyphium is also called Dutch iris.

Iridodictyum or reticulata

Such a complex name (“Iridodictium”) went to these bulbous flowers because of the bright (variegated) color of their inflorescences (from the Greek “iris” - “rainbow”) and the structure of the upper layer of the bulbs, which, as if in a mesh (from the Greek. “diction” - “grid”), which is why they are sometimes called mesh.

The place of active growth is the mountains of Central Asia and the Western Urals, as well as the Caucasus and the Balkans. Actually, this is why they are the most adaptable to difficult conditions, for example, in the middle zone (Moscow region), and they can theoretically be grown in one place for 4-5 years without digging up for the summer.

Iridodictiums are quite miniature in size. Can reach no more than 15 cm in height, diameter colors - order 5-7 cm. The leaves of these bulbous flowers are narrow and hard, appearing simultaneously with the buds. A distinctive feature of iridodictiums is their amazing, one might even say, exotic flowers, which not only have a very unusual color, but they also smell pleasantly, possessing a very rich aroma.

As a rule, the flowering period of iridodictiums occurs in March-April, the period is about 2 weeks.

Juno

It’s not hard to guess where these bulbous irises got their name. Yes, that's right, in honor of the name of the Roman goddess Juno, who was considered the main patroness of women.

They are very widespread in the Caucasus Mountains, Asia Minor and Central Asia, South Africa, and the Mediterranean. Therefore, along with iridodictiums, junos are considered quite resilient and can grow safely in the same place for up to 4-5 years without digging and replanting.

Depending on the species (they are most widely represented - 40 species, Iridodictium - 11, and Xyphium - only 6 species), the height of the plants can vary between 10-50 centimeters.

The structure of Juno is very unusual among all bulbous irises: on the trunk the leaves grow in several rows, and from the axils of these leaves, as well as at the top of the stem, flowers appear.

Their inflorescences, as a rule, can be white, yellow, purple and lilac in color. And some species have a very pleasant smell.

In most cases, junos bloom a little later reticulate irises, that is, in April-May, but longer, about 2-3 weeks.

By the way! Juno loves dry places very much, that is, she practically does not need any additional watering.

When to plant bulbous irises: optimal timing

Optimal time planting bulbous irises is the end of summer - the beginning of autumn. In general, it is better to plant small-bulb bulbs a little earlier, because when planted shallowly, the bulbs may suffer when the temperature drops sharply, so it is better to give them more time to take root.

So, in the middle zone (Moscow region), irises are best planted in late August - early September, and in warm southern regions the procedure can be postponed to October, which definitely cannot be done in the Urals and Siberia.

However, it often happens that already in early spring (or at the end of winter - in February) iris bulbs appear on sale, you cannot restrain yourself and buy them, or they are given to you as a gift. What to do in this case?

To plant bulbous irises in the spring and try to get them to bloom already this season, you can try to imitate the cooling period, namely: put them in the refrigerator in a box or some kind of container (and so that the sprouts, if they sprout, look up and not bent), or plant it in a pot of soil and place it on the balcony or in the same refrigerator. And then plant in April-May.

By the way! According to reviews from flower growers, irises planted in spring most often actually bloom this year, but only in summer.

Video: planting bulbous irises in a pot

How to plant bulbous irises in open ground: rules and recommendations

To successfully grow your favorite flowers, you must consistently and strictly follow the following rules and recommendations.

Planting site and soil

It is optimal for bulbous irises to choose a well-lit, sunny and windless place, without access to drafts, in light partial shade. Like all bulbous plants, lowlands (where moisture will accumulate in the spring) and areas with too close groundwater are absolutely not suitable for planting. Excessive moisture is detrimental to the bulbs.

To plant spring bulbous irises, choose places near the house or near garden paths so that you can see them more often during their short flowering period. A rock garden or is perfect. It is beautiful to plant them next to other bulbous plants that bloom in early spring, for example, with the same ones.

With crocuses

As for the soil, these bulbous dogs are well planted in light, permeable and fertile soil with neutral acidity.

Preparing the bulbs

If you do not want your iris bulbs, God forbid, to rot, then before planting, keep them in a solution of potassium permanganate or a special fungicide for dressing, such as “Maxim Dachnik” or “Fundazol”.

Direct landing

Step-by-step instruction planting bulbous irises in open ground:

How to care for bulbous irises in the open ground

In principle, there is nothing complicated in caring for and growing bulbous irises, but you still have to remember and carry out some standard garden manipulations.

Watering

Bulbous irises require moderate watering. It is especially important not to forget to water the plant in dry weather (including in the fall after planting, if there is no rain at all), namely during the period of active growth, that is, during the formation of buds and direct flowering. At the end of flowering, watering is no longer required. Flowers now need period dry peace.

Advice! If you do not want an unaesthetic earthen crust to form around the irises after watering, then do not forget to loosen the soil.

Top dressing

If you want a brighter and lush flowering, then you should fertilize the irises several times in the spring.

• So, during the first feeding, which should be done immediately after removing the shelter, that is, in the very early spring, at the beginning of the growing season, need to be entered nitrogen fertilizer (small amounts of potassium and phosphorus are also allowed).
• When does the period start budding, then the flower should be fed potassium-phosphorus fertilizer (with big content potassium, the presence of nitrogen is also allowed).
• Straightaway after flowering should be performed exclusively phosphorus-potassium fertilizing

Digging up bulbs

It is very important to dig up iris bulbs on time, otherwise due to excessive moisture (rain) they may rot. If, as a rule, they are dug up only after their leaves turn yellow, then in the case of bulbous irises there is no need to wait so long. It is optimal to get them out of the ground approximately 2 weeks after flowering when they just wither a little and begin to turn yellow. As a rule, this moment occurs at the end of May - beginning of June.

Note! You don’t need to dig up irises for the summer if during this period you (in your climatic zone) there is no rain at all, because they require a dry period of rest.

The dug up iris bulbs should be disinfect in a pink solution of potassium permanganate or any other fungicide (for example, “Maxim Dachnik” or “Fundazol”), then properly dry(2-3 weeks) and p put in storage V dry room with good ventilation until the new autumn planting in open ground.

Important! As already mentioned earlier, each type of bulbous irises has its own growing characteristics. So, xyphiums should be dried at higher temperatures high temperature(+30-35 degrees), and Iridodictiums and Junos- quite average (+20-25 degrees). IN last days drying temperature should be reduced to +15-18 degrees.

Shelter for the winter

If autumn is rainy, then to prevent the iris bulbs from getting wet from excess moisture, they should be covered with something, for example, roofing felt or a plastic cake box.

If your winters are cold and snowless, then winter shelter Spruce branches and dry leaves are suitable; you can also cover them with spunbond or film. The more heat-loving junos especially need shelter for the winter.

Important! Don’t forget to remove the cover in early spring (immediately after the snow melts).

Thus, the main care for bulbous irises in the spring consists of removing the cover, watering them (and then loosening them), fertilizing and digging them up after flowering.

To get more positivity from a delightful flower, you need to seriously think about the intricacies of planting and growing bulbous irises in open ground.

Video: features of planting and growing bulbous irises

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• ​waterlogged soil;​
• ​Preparing for landing​

​Feeding is added to it:​

When the leaves dry completely, the bulbs are dug up.

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​In order to remove part of the turf, place a plastic basket on the desired area and use a shovel or scoop to draw a contour around the circumference to a depth of 12 cm​

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​mineral-poor soil;​

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​This can be a specialized composition purchased in a store, or regular sugar (3 teaspoons per 2 liters).​

​After digging, the bulbs must be dried at a temperature of at least 30 degrees; they are kept in this mode for 2-4 weeks, depending on the variety. It is important to provide good ventilation for effective drying. After this, the bulbs can be stored in a dry room; preferably kept at a temperature of 15-20 degrees.​

Bulbous irises have a relatively short growing season: they begin to bloom in late May or early summer, but they quickly fade. It is important to choose the right seed: the bulbs can be purchased at a flower shop in packaging: there should be no soft spots on them, the color of a healthy bulb is golden without dark spots.​

​The peculiarity of Xyphium is that the flower can be called “two-story”: first one bud blooms, and when it fades, a second flower appears.​

Its appearance is somewhat different from the rhizomatous irises we are used to:

• ​Prevention consists of competent preparation bulbs to next year– removing the old stem along with leaves, peduncles and flowers, in which harmful insects may remain.
• ​the same composition, but in a different proportion (3:3:1) - at the moment of bud formation;​

​Carefully remove the separated piece of turf, and deepen the resulting hole by about 20-30 cm so that the basket completely fits in it.

​First of all, we suggest you watch a video on the topic:​

​permanent shadow.​

​Before planting bulbous irises in the spring, it is necessary at the end of September, when the vegetative cycle is completed, to select the largest and most developed shrub, dig it up and shake it off the ground. Using your hands or a knife, divide the rhizome into fragments so that each has a leaf bunch and at least one annual link (preferably two). Shorten the roots mother bush by one third, and remove the old links that have dried out. Cut off all dried and damaged leaves, and shorten the green ones by half. After this, disinfect the rhizome for fifteen to twenty minutes in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate. Then dry them in the sun, and treat the dry cuts with crushed coal and sulfur (mix them in a 1:1 ratio). Store the rhizomes in this condition in a cool, dark place until spring.

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Planting irises in spring

​Feeding will allow the flowers to fully open, and they will last longer.​

​You can start planting at the beginning of Indian summer before the first real cold weather begins.​

​Planting of irises is carried out in several stages. Following the technology will allow you to get a good result:​

​One of the main requirements: bulbous species irises are very sensitive to excess moisture, since the roots and the bulb itself begin to rot very quickly. Because of this, you will definitely need to take care of organizing a drainage layer that removes excess moisture from the flowerbed.​

The bulb is usually small and bottle-shaped. Several narrow, dark green, pointed leaves develop from it.

​Traditional care for irises guarantees their unusually bright flowering and the ability to create unique flower beds.​ ​potassium, phosphorus (1:1) - 1 month after the start of the flowering period.​

​Pour fertilizer into the bottom of the hole, then install the basket. Fill it with a dense wet layer fertile soil and plant the bulbs

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​Planting features depend on the variety. IN temperate climate Iridodictiums, Turkish and Caucasian, as well as their hybrids, take root well and tolerate winter. Choose dry open place and dig shallow holes - up to 7 cm. We fill the bulbs so that the soil does not adhere tightly to them, and it is better to add a little sand to its composition. To protect plants from fungal diseases, we pre-treat purchased bulbs with Fundazol or Benlat. In the summer, after the stem and leaves die, we separate the small daughter bulbs, which are necessary for further reproduction.​

• ​Protection from excessive humidity is provided by planting plants on an artificially created slope. If groundwater approach close to the roots, you should build a small elevation with a slope to the south and arrange drainage system. To do this, it is enough to raise the flowerbed by 20 cm and ensure the outflow of rainwater.​
• ​Planting rules​
• ​An oblique cut of the stem must be made under water so as not to block the access to moisture. In water, the stem is cut several more times or pierced with a pin. The solution in the vase must be changed at least once every 3 days. As a result, it will be possible to provide plants with a long life and excellent appearance.​

Even during flowering, gardeners notice the color of the buds and subsequently plant the bulbs in accordance with the expected appearance of the flowerbed. Planting will allow you to get new flowers the following summer if large bulbs were used for planting. Small ones can grow for another year before producing the first peduncle.​

Before planting, the seed is treated with a fugincide solution and dried to prevent rotting. The soil is first shed with a pink solution of potassium permanganate to destroy pathogenic microbes.

It is important to follow other rules for caring for irises:

On unbranched shoots there are single flowers, which can have a wide variety of colors.

Iris bulbs are planted to a depth of 6-8 cm in well-drained soil in sun or partial shade. For best effect, plant in groups. Cover for winter thin layer mulch. After the foliage dies, do not disturb.​

​Regular and correctly dosed fertilizing guarantees high decorative qualities, fast development And long flowering. One of the important periods in the life of a plant is the formation of flower buds. Fertilizing at this stage ensures lush, full flowering next year.​

​We cover the planted bulbs with a thin layer of soil and return the removed piece of turf. Thus, the bulbs will spend the whole winter in favorable conditions.

​One or more varieties of irises are used to decorate flower beds. A variety of colors allows you to create compositions of rare beauty

Autumn is the time to plant bulbs

There are several ways to plant irises: single, bush, group, free sowing. Flowers with large buds are used for single planting, with small ones - for group planting

​And now about how to plant irises in the spring. First prepare the soil in an unshaded area by digging and loosening it. Experienced gardeners It is recommended to sift the soil. If you treat the soil with herbicides, then in the summer season you will save yourself from the need to frequently weed the irises, removing weeds. You can add fertilizers and compost to the soil, but irises feel great without fertilizing. If you used fertilizers or herbicides, you can plant irises only after a month. Prepare holes (no more than 10 centimeters deep) by making a small mound in the center. Place the rhizome on this mound,

Bulbous types of irises are becoming increasingly popular: they attract gardeners with their graceful buds and beautiful leaves, in addition, these are quite unpretentious plants.​

​If the region is characterized by snowy winters, the plantings are not covered for the cold season: a snow carpet will be enough. If the flowerbed is located on a hill from which snow will be blown away, it is better to take care of additional shelter. It is made from fallen leaves, you can use spruce branches or sawdust. The cover is removed after the soil thaws.​

​The distance between the bulbs should be at least 10-15 cm, depending on the chosen variety; it is advisable to place them on a sandy “cushion” that will drain excess moisture.​

​Iris need to be placed in dry and bright places, but they do not tolerate open sun very well. The best option would be partial shade, but the flowerbed should be positioned so that the leaves receive enough light.​

​There are dozens of varieties Dutch irises, and many of them are two-color: closer to the middle of the bud you can observe interesting color transitions.​

Using a Plastic Growing Basket

​Dutch Iris (DutchIris) - planted at a depth of 6-8 cm in well-drained soil. Prefers sun, but will also take root in partial shade. Does not require transplantation for several years.​

​Fertilizers for bulbous plants contain lignohumate, which performs several important functions: promotes rapid growth, increases plant resistance to disease, increases decorativeness​

​The basket is convenient because it can be easily taken out of the ground and, together with the planted bulbs, moved to a room for drying.​

​The bulbs of the “Juno” variety are distinguished by their large size and the presence of fleshy, annually renewed roots, which should be handled very carefully. If the roots fall off, the plant will die. Best period for planting bulbous irises in open ground - the last week September or the first ten days of October. The bulbs are carefully lowered into the holes so as not to damage the roots, and sprinkled with a layer of earth up to 6 cm thick.

​Sample of a flower bed with irises: 1 - Purple Voice hyacinth; 2 - tulip Flashpoint; 3 - Narcissus New Baby; 4 - iris reticulum Cantab; 5 - Scylla Siberian Alba

Carefully straighten the roots to the sides and fill the hole with soil. Water well. Follow the recommended planting pattern for irises: the distance between two plants should not be less than half a meter, between the rows - at least 70-80 centimeters. Please note that when planting different varieties of plants, it is necessary to plant them so that the dwarf ones grow in the front row on the south side, the medium-sized ones in the central row, and the tall ones in the back.

How to properly care for irises?

​If you decide to decorate the area with an exquisite flower bed with multi-colored petals, the Dutch iris can become the best option. It is not difficult to care for it, and it will repay all your care with friendly flowering and magnificent buds.​

​If there are no strong winds on the site, additional supports will not be needed; sometimes additional pegs are installed so that the flower stalks do not break.​

Application of mineral fertilizers

If the roots have already begun to appear on the bulbs, they can be planted in a small trench, the depth of which is up to 15 cm. Sand is poured into the bottom of the trench, the bulbs are placed on a layer of bedding and covered with sand and then a layer of soil. The soil should not be overly dense; sometimes small pebbles or gravel are added to it as mulch.​

​To grow irises, loose, nutritious soil with a neutral or alkaline composition is required.​

• ​The buds can have blue, blue, yellow and other colors; this type of irises has a rich color palette, for which he received recognition from gardeners. These flowers are grown for cut flowers, and they will never lose their popularity.​
• ​Irises from bulbs planted in April will bloom in July, those planted in early June will bloom closer to autumn. Spring flowering can be accelerated if you cover the bulbous irises with peat and dry leaves for the winter, and with film in the spring. You can also resort to forcing by planting the bulbs in pots at home in early February, and when it gets warm, transplant the grown plants into the garden.​
• ​You don’t have to make your own complex fertilizer for irises; they sell it in the store. ready-made compositions for bulbous plants in two types: solution and dry mixture

​In addition to timely planting and soil preparation, it is necessary to care for the plants during their flowering: early irises begin to bloom in May, late ones in June. Proper care of bulbous irises involves regular feeding with fertilizers and protection from pests. Another point of care for flowers is watering. During the rainy season, irises should not be watered, and in dry times, moderate irrigation is necessary strictly in the evening.

The hole for planting should be relatively small - approximately twice the height of the bulb, therefore, for small iris bulbs, a depth of 4 to 7 cm is suitable