How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside using different materials. How to insulate a cold wall in an apartment from the inside How to insulate walls in an apartment

Currently, much attention is paid to energy saving and energy efficiency issues. In our country, fuel consumption for heating is several times higher than that of European countries. At the state level, the task is to reduce fuel consumption for heating. To solve this problem, new standards have been introduced regulating the requirements for effective insulation walls, government agencies it is prescribed to issue energy passports for buildings, increased attention is paid to energy efficiency during the examination project documentation. The listed measures allow new construction to be carried out at a level close to European requirements.

In our country, the housing stock mainly consists of houses put into operation at a time when due attention was not paid to the energy efficiency of technologies and materials. Is it possible for the owner of a Khrushchev apartment to insulate the walls of his apartment? To answer this question, you need to understand that the owner of the apartment does not have the right to change the architectural appearance of the building. Therefore, about increasing the thickness of the walls using insulation attached to outside buildings, there is no question. The only option for insulating an apartment is to insulate the walls from the inside. This article describes how to insulate walls from the inside.

Insulating walls from the inside has a number of inevitable disadvantages

These disadvantages are the following:

• Installing a sufficiently thick layer of insulation on the walls reduces the area of ​​the premises;
• Typically used insulation materials are not environmentally friendly. Almost all of them emit substances harmful to humans, albeit within limits sanitary standards. Some insulation materials are flammable or release dangerous gases when exposed to fire;
• Walls insulated from the inside lose their heat-accumulating properties. Sun through the window, open window, temperature change heating device, turning off the air conditioner - all this will lead to a faster change in temperature in the room than it was before insulation;
• Placing insulation on the inner surface of the outer wall creates conditions for condensation to appear under the insulation. After laying the insulation, the wall begins to freeze more, the wall temperature drops below the dew point temperature. As a result, water vapor contained in the warm air of the room, penetrating through the insulation, condenses on the cold surface of the wall. The humidity of the wall and insulation increases, their heat-insulating properties decrease, and fungus and mold appear on the wall decoration. Freezing, water gradually destroys the wall material and insulation.

The only one positive property The option of insulating from the inside is its low cost and the ability to do it yourself.

Practical techniques for insulating walls from the inside

The first step is leveling the walls. If the building is built of brick, then the walls are plastered. After they are completely dry, the surfaces are coated with a primer. The last leveling step is putty.

For insulation, foam boards are used, preferably high-density PSB-S-25 (35), or extruded polystyrene XPS.

Extruded polystyrene foam has a number of advantages over polystyrene foam:

• new insulation material stronger and more durable;
• penoplex is quite different low level water absorption.

Before you insulate the wall with foam plastic from the inside, you need to make a backing for waterproofing.

When all the preparatory processes have been completed, you can proceed directly to the actual installation of foam sheets to the walls.

Foam sheets must be clean. It is also not allowed to have gaps between the sheets of insulation. Any gap is a source for cold penetration into the room.

After attaching expanded polystyrene (foam) to wall structures, lay vapor barrier material that will protect the insulation from moisture in the indoor air. This will prevent condensation from accumulating due to temperature changes, which are incompatible with the foam. If you ignore this procedure, the insulation will rot in a few years. After this, the surface of the insulation is covered with glue and a reinforcing fiberglass mesh with cells of 3 - 6 mm is pressed into the glue layer. The mesh panels are laid with an overlap of at least 10 cm. A leveling layer of glue 2 mm thick is applied on top of the mesh. Corners are strengthened metal profile. To seal the joints of insulation boards and junctions, sealants are used, which form an elastic seam after hardening. Large insulation defects are repaired with polyurethane foam. After the glue has dried, you can stick it on the wall. ceramic tiles or you can just plaster it thin layer for painting or wallpapering.

An alternative to using polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene XPS is to use foam glass or mineral wool insulation as insulation.

Just like foam plastic, foam glass is not afraid of water - it does not get wet, foam glass slabs are vapor-tight, and the material is easy to saw. Unlike foam plastic, foam glass slabs are denser and more durable, the material does not burn, is well compatible with the most common building mortars, can be easily plastered and glued, is environmentally friendly, and is not damaged by rodents.

Another alternative is to insulate the walls from inside. mineral wool slabs. For this purpose, a wall frame is used. The frame can be made of wooden bars or metal U-shaped profiles. The design of the wall frame is similar to the frame for the device plasterboard partitions. The insulation is placed in two layers - between the wall and the frame and between the frame posts. Or in one layer - only between the frame posts.

After work on insulating the walls of the apartment from the inside, the size of the room will decrease. In order to legitimize such a reduction, you should contact the Technical Inventory Bureau (BTI) and order a new technical passport for the apartment.

If you have even the slightest opportunity to insulate the walls from the outside, do it. This is the most the best option, because insulating walls from the inside is a headache. There are only two correct and more or less acceptable options, and one takes up a lot of space, and the second requires significant costs during the winter. There is also a method suitable for insulating balconies and loggias. And that's all for now. All other options with polyurethane foam, liquid-ceramic thermal insulation, penofol and other materials only bring dampness and mold.

Insulating walls from the inside: what is the problem

Anyone who has insulated the external walls of a house or apartment from the inside - from the premises - is faced with the problem of the appearance of fungi, mold and high humidity. These consequences are natural, and appear regardless of the type of insulation that was used. You can get rid of moisture and fungi only by removing the internal insulation, making major renovation walls, treating them with antifungal compounds and plastering.

Let's look at the reasons. The so-called dew point is to blame. This is the line where warm and cold air meet and where condensation results.

The figure on the left shows the situation with the dew point if the wall is not insulated. It is located somewhere in the thickness of the wall, depending on the temperature and humidity, it shifts first to one side, then to the other, but is always located quite far from the inner surface. In this case, moisture accumulates in the wall and freezes. In the spring, as it thaws, it evaporates, and evaporates into the atmosphere. If dampness is observed in the room, it is for a short time and at the level of sensations.

The photo in the center shows a situation where the wall is insulated from the inside. In this case, condensation falls in the insulation, or, if this is not possible (expanded polystyrene is used, for example), at the boundary of the insulation and the wall. Even if the wall freezes and the condensation turns into ice, in the spring it will begin to melt, the insulation, wall material and finishing will become wet. Since there is a large distance to the outer surface facing the street, moisture dries very poorly in this case, which “comes out” in the form of dampness, mold and all the accompanying delights.

And the third option is to insulate the wall from the outside. In this case, the dew point is in the insulation. How to get it out of there is another story (make a ventilated facade or choose the right vapor permeability of materials), but for our topic it is important to understand that in this case the wall inside the room will definitely be dry and warm.

To summarize, we can say, if possible, insulate from the outside. Insulation of walls from inside premises has to be done only in a few cases:

• if they are not allowed to be insulated from the outside (the building is a historical monument or prohibited by local authorities);
• if the wall goes into the joint between two buildings;
• the wall opens into the elevator shaft.

But before you take on this work, thoroughly inspect the floor, ceiling, and windows. Sometimes most of heat does not escape through the walls, but through these surfaces, and it is easier to insulate them (in the sense of less hassle with the dew point).

Correct internal insulation of walls in a house or apartment

There are only two ways to insulate indoor walls from the inside and avoid problems with dampness:

• recreating multilayer wall(place a half-brick wall with insulation at some distance);
• Heat the wall and then insulate it.

These options work, but, as you can see, they “eat up” a significant amount of space and cost a lot of money. In each specific case, it is necessary to consider what kind of insulation and how much is needed, but the wall pie remains the same.

Second wall

At some distance from the main wall, a second wall 10-12 cm thick is installed. Between the two walls, a layer of insulation, which is required for these conditions, is attached to the inner one. In this case, there should be a ventilation gap of at least 3 cm to the outer wall. In total, this entire structure will be 20-25 cm away from the main wall. It will “eat up” a considerable area.

As you can see, in this case the dew point can be located inside the insulation or on the inner surface of the wall facing the street. To be able to remove the formed moisture, you can do forced ventilation by installing one or two exhaust fans.

Since in this case the insulation will get wet, it is necessary to choose one that is not afraid of moisture. These are polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, foam glass. You can also use some types stone wool, but only those that are not afraid of moisture (there are some).

Thermal insulation material must be fastened simultaneously with the construction of the walls. They laid it out to a certain height and secured the thermal insulation. It’s inconvenient to work, but there is no other choice.

Electrical heating

The idea of ​​this method is that when internal insulation of concrete or brick wall move the dew point inside the wall. To do this, it must be heated. The easiest way is to attach an electric heated floor mat. At some distance from it, insulation is installed, on top of which there is a finishing layer.

In this case, there are no problems with moisture removal, and much less space is required to install the system: from 8 cm (with a ventilation gap of 3 cm and an insulation thickness of 5 cm).

With this method, the thermal insulation material can be of any kind. To install it, first a sheathing is made, then a counter-lattice, and then a suitable insulation is attached to it.

Option for insulating a balcony from the inside

In the case of a loggia and a balcony, the situation is often completely different. If the authorities do not allow the installation of a wall, they demand that the existing reinforced concrete screen be left, it is cut off from warm air thorough thermal insulation made of extruded polystyrene foam (EPS).

In this case, it is better to make the insulation excessive than at least slightly insufficient. The total thickness is divided into two layers. They are laid without a gap (preferably with locks), and so that the seams of the first layer overlap the sheet of the second. There should be no through access of warm air to the screen.

It is necessary to approach the issue of insulating the floor and ceiling of the loggia/balcony very carefully and ensure tightness at the junction of them with the walls. Also pay attention to how the glazing will be installed: there may also be problem areas: joint with the screen, walls, insulation of the part above the frames. All of them must be well finished, excluding the possibility of contact of warm/cold air. In this case there will be no problems. Even .

Sometimes it happens that the heating works well, there is a three-chamber double-glazed window, there are no cracks or drafts, but the room is cold. A similar situation can especially often occur in a corner apartment. This is caused by large heat losses. One way out in this case could be additional insulation apartments from the inside.

Inside or outside?

It is most correct to mount the insulation from the outside. In this case, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer will be significantly smaller, and the likelihood of condensation formation is reduced to a minimum.

Internal insulation, although not the best option, still has the right to life, especially in the following cases:

• administrative ban on execution facade works on insulation;
• the presence of an expansion joint;
• availability of electrical or gas communications;
• the exit of the wall that needs insulation into the elevator shaft;
• the location of the apartment is above the first floor.

The last point requires a little explanation. If you do the insulation yourself, then on the first floor the thermal insulation can be attached both from the outside and from the inside. With the increase in the number of floors, the use of steeplejack equipment is already required for independent work Only the internal insulation option is suitable.

Types of insulation

Currently there is big choice what can be used for thermal insulation:

• mineral basalt wool;
• glass wool;
• expanded polystyrene (foam);
• extruded polystyrene foam (EPS);
• foamed polyethylene.

Fibrous materials

Mineral wool and glass wool belong to the class of fibrous insulation. They are mats or rolls of compressed fibers. There is air inside between the fibers.

A characteristic feature of such materials is a sharp decrease in thermal insulation characteristics when wet, which entails the need to use additional vapor barrier on the room side.

The only option when mats can be used without additional protection is to place them inside the wall.

The insulation is placed between the outer and inner layers made of brick or concrete.

Foam materials

Polystyrene foam and EPS, similar in properties, in the form of plates have a closed cellular structure. Air enclosed inside cells isolated from each other is a good heat insulator.

A significant plus similar materials is that they are not afraid of moisture. No additional protection is required when using them.

More recently, a new roll material– foamed polyethylene with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, foiled on one or both sides with aluminum. It can be used as auxiliary material to improve the thermal insulation properties of the entire wall structure.

Foil-coated polyethylene, in addition to its direct insulation function, is capable of creating a vapor barrier and a screen that reflects inside the room infrared heat from heating devices.

Basic schemes for performing work

Insulating the walls of an apartment by simply covering them from the inside with a thick layer of thermal insulation is a very risky undertaking. There is a high chance that your efforts will be wasted.

In inner layers structures, zones favorable for condensation will form. Moisture, regardless of the type of insulation used (a little faster for cotton wool, slower for EPS), will come to the surface of the final finish in the form of wet spots, and then fungus and mold. To keep the wall dry and warm, there are two solutions.

Construction of an additional wall

In this case, “well” masonry is reproduced with internal insulation. At some distance from the main wall, an additional partition is erected from brick or wall blocks. Thickness varies between 100 – 150 mm. Insulation is installed in the resulting gap.

Inside, the possible dew point will be located either in the thickness of the outer wall or at its border with the insulation. The entire mass of the inner wall remains dry.

External wall heating

An electric floor heating mat is attached to the insulated surface, which automatically turns on when critical temperatures are reached. Thermal insulation and final finishing are installed on top of the heating mat. In practice, such a scheme is implemented quite rarely due to the high costs of electricity during the cold season.

A similar principle arises when insulating the walls of a panel house with an internal system arrangement central heating. Circulating through pipes hot water heats the wall from the inside and prevents condensation from forming.

It is enough to install the required layer of missing thermal insulation to obtain the desired effect.

Performing thermal insulation work

Depending on the climatic zone where the building is located, the material and thickness of the walls, the composition and design of insulation of the internal surfaces of the room will vary. Possible options it will be very a large number of. To obtain optimal results, it is necessary to carry out at least approximate calculations in each specific case before starting work.

For getting general idea On the progress of work, you can consider the process of insulating brick and concrete walls using EPS.

Material selection

One of the brands under which EPS is produced is penoplex. This is a material with a thickness of 20 - 100 mm, dimensions 600 x 1200 mm. Distinctive feature is the presence of a fold around the perimeter, ensuring a tight fit between adjacent sheets.

Attaching penoplex to the surface is much simpler than in the case of mineral wool. There is no need to build a frame or use plastic “fungi” to fix the insulation. It is quite possible to get by with construction assembly adhesive “liquid nails” (for a more or less smooth surface) or an adhesive solution based on a ready-made dry mixture (if necessary to smooth out small irregularities).

Determining the thickness of the insulator

How much insulation should I put in the wall? The answer to this question can be given by a heat calculation that takes into account the type of building, construction material, climate zone and heating system parameters.

When doing work with your own hands, such calculations are often problematic to make. In practice, they are most often limited to approximate, average values.

So, for a brick wall with a thickness of 300 - 500 mm, it is enough to put 100 - 150 mm of penoplex inside.

This design will be able to withstand up to -30°C. In panel houses with an in-wall heating system, 100 mm of insulation will be sufficient.

The process of doing thermal insulation with your own hands begins with preparing the base. Surface brickwork and the joints with the floors are examined to identify through cracks. If necessary, they are sealed mortar or polyurethane foam.

In order to secure the insulation, an auxiliary wall is erected at a certain distance from the external wall. Thermal insulation sheets are installed into the resulting gap.

Another option for carrying out the work involves fixing penoplex to the surface of a permanent street wall using adhesive compositions. Then an additional wall is erected close to the resulting layer.

Thermal insulation of reinforced concrete wall

In panel houses, the likelihood of cracks occurring at the junctions of individual blocks is quite high. For a corner apartment, finding and sealing cracks in joints is a necessary condition. Through through cracks, heat will be blown out into the street, despite the insulation.

In large-panel housing construction, central heating radiators are often hidden inside. During the heating season, the surface always remains warm.

This feature allows you to significantly simplify the thermal insulation scheme. Penoplex is attached directly to the internal surfaces of the walls. Finishing can be done directly on the insulation.

The dew point will be located deep in the wall closer to the street. Favorable conditions no condensation is created. A layer of insulation and interior decoration will remain dry throughout the entire period of operation.

You can insulate your apartment using crumpled newspapers and tape. Or you can arm yourself with a thermal imager, an ultrasonic scanner and nanopaint for this purpose. The homeowner can easily handle some heat-saving work himself, but for some he will need professionals. Well, the quality of work will be accepted by the frost outside the window. Builders share their “winter” secrets with Remont.Divandi readers.

Treatment cold apartment starts with diagnosis. We need to find out why the room is cold, despite the radiator blazing with heat. The experience of builders says that most often heat leaves the apartment through faulty windows and where the windows connect to the wall. If we are talking about panel house, Another weakness- corners of the room formed outer wall. On the first floors, the cause of cold is often the floor.

Alexey Zykov

Director of Binom LLC

A person who is far from construction cannot always determine the reason for freezing of a wall. Cracks and cavities inside the walls, broken interpanel seams, and improper brick laying are simply not visible to the average person. And a specialist may need special equipment - ultrasonic detectors, infrared cameras, etc.

In Yekaterinburg, there are companies that provide services for inspecting premises using a thermal imager for the presence of cold bridges. It costs from 2.5 thousand rubles. for the apartment. You can rent a thermal imager - from 1 thousand rubles. for 1 hour rental. However, even without special equipment, the owner can learn a lot about the thermal circuit of his apartment. The main thing is to understand what to pay attention to.

Alexey Zykov

Director of Binom LLC

Check how completed window slopes and the windows themselves, whether the sashes fit tightly. If you live on the ground floor, check the connections of the floor to the walls along the entire perimeter of the apartment. Also check street walls, especially the sockets in them, as well as the corners of the rooms.

Treating windows for colds

Windows in Ekaterinburg apartments have been actively converted into plastic for more than 10 years. However, as repairmen note, 50-60% of city residents’ apartments still look at the world through glass wooden frame. Wooden windows are very good from an environmental point of view, but over time their thermal insulation properties may deteriorate. Director of the Repair Center “Master for an Hour” Timur Abdullaev notes that today the old-fashioned method of “piercing” wooden windows with ordinary cotton wool has not lost its relevance. Especially if the apartment owner is concerned about insulating the home after winter has arrived. When it’s frosty outside, it’s more difficult to properly repair wooden windows.

Timur Abdullaev

Repair wooden window begins with searching for cold bridges - gaps and cracks. We clean the places where they are found from dirt, and if necessary, use a spatula to remove the paint that has covered the cracks. After this, we fill the cracks and gaps with transparent sealant. It is sold in the form of “pencils”. It is better to do this work before the cold weather.

The Repair Center explained that professional master will insulate one window in about an hour. The cost of the work will be 350-700 rubles. Plastic windows provide better protection from the cold than wood. But only if they are in good condition.

Alexander Sukhanov

Incorrect installation of fittings plastic window, especially multiplied by improper operation, can lead to the fact that the window will not close tightly, and attempts to forcefully lock it will only increase the gap between the frame and the sash to 3-5 mm. Another problem is the destruction of the rubber seal. All these faults can be fixed by a specialist. Adjusting a plastic window costs about 300 rubles, replacing a seal costs from 110 rubles. per linear meter. Replacing fittings will cost from 700 to 5000 rubles.

The problems may not be in the window itself, but in the places where it adjoins the walls. As master Alexey Zykov notes, according to construction GOSTs, when installing a window, a whole complex must be used special materials and technology. In practice, many elements are forgotten.

Alexey Zykov

Director of Binom LLC

Slopes are often performed by non-specialists who believe that polyurethane foam is a panacea. According to GOST, when installing a window, it is necessary, in addition to thermal insulation, to provide waterproofing of the joint on the street side and a vapor barrier on the room side. If you forget about these points and use foam as a heat insulator, then moisture will penetrate between the wall, frame and foam, and the foam will begin to collapse. As a result, we will end up with frozen, bad-smelling, dirty slopes. The cost of a full installation is about 3-4 thousand rubles. for one window. It is clear that window companies with overly affordable prices will not be able to do everything according to the rules.

If cold air penetrates into the cracks between the window and the wall, then, as suggested above, you can seal them with sealant. But this will only be a temporary solution. When the frosts recede, a full cycle of work on slope insulation should be carried out. It will cost from 10 thousand rubles. for one window. By the way, cracks formed under the window sill can also be cured.

Timur Abdullaev

It is necessary to clear the space under the window sill 3-4 cm down and 4-6 cm deep. Fill the resulting groove with foam. Just before purchasing it, you should consult a store or a specialist. If it is not possible to use this method, it is permissible to simply seal the cracks with sealant or use sheet and roll insulation, which can be glued to the wall under the window sill.

Door to the entrance

The door leading from the apartment to the entrance can also cause cold weather in the house. To increase the thermal insulation properties of a door, it is often enough to replace the rubber seal and adjust door hinges. The cost of such work is from 1000 rubles. If there are gaps in the contact areas door frame to the walls, then you can use the above-mentioned insulation methods using sealant and polyurethane foam.

Central heating radiators

Commenting on the question of how to eliminate “frost” in an apartment, master Alexey Zykov explained that the homeowner needs to take care not only of eliminating heat loss, but also of achieving sufficient heating power. In particular, he believes that the second problem can be solved by installing bimetallic batteries. If this is not enough, then you can use heated floors and infrared heaters.

Director Sergei Rodionov warns that houses with central heating should not be installed aluminum radiators. They are vomited by the pressure of the water. You can only use bimetal or steel modern batteries. Purmo radiators have proven themselves very well. The size of the battery depends on the area of ​​the room - one section per 2 square meters. m. Replacing batteries in a room of 15-16 square meters. m. will cost 8-10 thousand rubles. (including materials).

You can increase the efficiency of the battery without replacing it. It is enough to attach a layer of reflective heat insulator to the wall behind the radiator. In the simplest version, it can be ordinary food foil glued to thin foam plastic or cork. This “sandwich” is attached to the wall with the foil facing outward - towards the radiator. There are also ready-made solutions. Construction stores sell several types of rolled insulation, which is a metallized film glued to a sheet of foamed polypropylene or other polymer. To make a reflective screen using a battery, you can use, for example, “Izospan” (FD, FS or FX), “Folgoplast SP” or “Porilex”. True, as builders note, these materials are sold in rolls at a price of 1.5-2 thousand rubles. Creating screens even for a multi-room apartment will require only a small part of this volume. The rest will be superfluous. The most acceptable editorial option was found in the OBI store. For 345 rub. here you can buy a roll of Porilex 3 mm thick. and an area of ​​6 sq. m.

You can attach a sheet of such material to the wall using “liquid nails.”

It is believed that installing a reflective screen behind a radiator can increase the temperature in the room by 2-3 degrees. However, there may be unpleasant consequences. It happens that mold or mildew appears behind the screen.

It is better to insulate the ceiling from the outside

Builders notice that the need for ceiling insulation rarely arises - upward heat loss occurs almost exclusively in apartments on the top floors.

Alexander Goette

In the apartment on top floor The easiest way to insulate the ceiling is to renew the layer of expanded clay backfill in the attic. Perhaps, during the construction of the house, expanded clay was poured incorrectly, or it was already in finished house someone borrowed it for their own purposes. But, there are houses where the height of the attic is only a few tens of centimeters and it is impossible to reach the ceiling cold room impossible. Then you have to insulate the ceiling from inside the apartment. Usually a 5 cm layer of mineral wool is sufficient for this. We attach it to plastic “mushrooms” and sew it up with plasterboard.

Sex question

Most often, problems with cold floors are experienced by residents of the first floor. The insulation technology depends on the floor design.

Timur Abdullaev

If the floor is on joists, you need to make sure that there is a sufficient layer of expanded clay underneath it, and also check whether the pipe passages are covered with insulation. If this is not the case, then literally under floorboard Cold air will penetrate from the basement or from the street. We had a case where ice formed right on a layer of expanded clay. We replaced the expanded clay and insulated the space under the floor.

If the floor is laid on a screed, insulation can be placed under it. Foamed polystyrene is usually used. Another popular option is installing underfloor heating. Often the problem of a cold floor can be solved simply by changing flooring. As designer and head of Studio-33 Valentina Ivleva notes, replacing the laminate with natural wooden parquet or cork covering. The price of high-quality parquet is from 1,500 rubles. per sq. m., a cork costs from 950 to 1500 rubles. per square. Plus, you will have to pay from 500 to 1000 rubles for styling. per sq. m.

Another simple option is to lay carpet over the existing floor. Its price starts from 700-800 rubles. per sq. m.

Sergey Zanin

We were given the task of eliminating freezing of the floor in a room with a balcony. The floor is made of planks with joists. We found out that cold air got under the boards through a hole under balcony door. The floor of the room was opened at a distance of 1.5 meters from the balcony. Here the logs were removed, the hole was covered with foam, and waterproofing was done. After this, a continuous screed was made in place of the dismantled floor, and a warm floor was installed on it. Then the entire room was covered with laminate. The cost of work without laying laminate was about 9 thousand rubles, materials - 8 thousand rubles.

Cold walls in panels

The weak point of panel high-rise buildings is the joints between the slabs of the outer wall. They are sealed with a rubber "sausage". But over the years of operation of the building, the seams could be broken, the caulking could crack, and cold air enters the apartment.

Alexey Zykov

Director of Binom LLC

Very often it is cold in panel houses due to poor condition interpanel seams. In such cases, we open up the entire height of the corner of the apartment from the inside, adjacent to the outer wall, replace the padding, and treat the seam with a hydrophobic agent. Then we restore the corner of the room using plaster on the reinforcing wall. Linear meter Such work costs from 250 to 500 rubles.

To replace the rubber “sausage”, builders today can use hard grades of mineral wool or polyurethane foam. In principle, both options are acceptable. The main thing is not to forget to waterproof the joint before driving.

“Laying” the wall is a last resort

According to Ekaterinburg builders, the methods described above for eliminating cold bridges almost always give the desired result - the apartment becomes warm. But sometimes a wall facing the street has to be truly insulated. IN apartment buildings close outer wall insulation can only be done from the inside - from the side of the apartment. You can use expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, glass wool, ecowool, foam glass, liquid-ceramic thermal insulation, cork wallpaper and polystyrene foam wallpaper with thermal insulation properties.

However, according to the remark of executive director Alexei Rylov, some of the listed insulation materials should be used carefully. Insulating the wall from the inside leads to the fact that the main wall, cut off from the room by insulation, cools more than before. This leads to a shift in the dew point closer to the inner surface of the wall. The dew point is the area inside a wall that has a temperature at which steam in the pores of brick or concrete turns into water. After installing the insulation, the dew point may reach the inner surface of the main wall or even end up inside the insulation layer. It will start to get wet, fungus may develop, and the moisture will damage the drywall that covers the thermal insulation layer.

According to Alexey Rylov, the use of mineral wool and similar materials is a surrogate solution. It is more correct to increase the mass of the wall by covering it from the inside with warm plaster. Even a centimeter layer of it gives a good result. Practice shows that warm plaster without any special technical tricks, it can be applied in a layer of up to 3 cm.

Alexey Zykov

Director of Binom LLC

Here is the method that I personally use. We apply hydrophobe such as “Penetron”, “Penecrete”, etc. to the wall. It is absorbed into concrete by 0.4 meters. In fact, we recorded the dew point. Next, we insulate the wall with mineral wool with a density of 150 and a thickness of at least 50 mm. We cover the cotton wool with plasterboard in 2 layers. Another insulation option is with a gap of 5 mm. From the main wall we mount a wall of foam glass blocks and put plaster on it under the mesh.

Insulating a wall using plasterboard and mineral wool will cost about 800 rubles. per sq. m. Including 500 rub. – cost of work, 300 rubles. – materials. Insulation with cork mats will cost about the same: 400 rubles. the cost of the mat and 400 rubles. – leveling the wall with plaster.

For those who are afraid of problems with the dew point, builders advise installing a heated film floor on the wall (under the finishing layer). It will warm the wall and move the dew point closer to the street. It will be possible to avoid getting the wall wet, but the price for this will be increased energy costs. In addition, it will be impossible to drive a nail into such a wall.

As an alternative warm floors Alexey Zykov suggests using compact infrared heaters aimed at cold wall. This method of wall insulation can be implemented by any homeowner without the involvement of a construction team.

If you have experienced the purchase or sale of apartments, then you have noticed that buyers do not really like corner apartments or rooms. What is this connected with? Although it is much easier to ventilate such an apartment in summer, the view from the windows opens on two or even three sides.

But there is one significant drawback. Very often, with the arrival of frost, residents of corner apartments suffer from insufficient heat. If the temperature outside is around zero, and heating season has not yet begun, uncomfortable conditions are being created inside such an apartment. It appears, the windows fog up, the floor becomes cold, and the bed becomes damp.

The main reason for this is the presence of three walls that have access to the outside and are therefore subject to the greatest influence low temperatures. In winter, even with central heating, the situation only gets worse.

The walls can freeze completely, especially in the corners, the interior decoration will begin to fall off, and mold and mildew will appear. Staying in such an apartment will not only be uncomfortable, but also unsafe, especially for children. After all, they are most susceptible to the occurrence of diseases caused by.

What to do in such a situation? Many people try to install additional heating radiators, but this, most often, does not solve the problem or solves it, but not completely. Dampness moves to the ceiling, forming places where mold accumulates.

What is the right thing to do in such a situation? The best solution is that you need to try to insulate the walls. How can I do that? How to do it? We'll try to figure it out now. What is the best way to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside? First, let's look at what types exist.

Today, the market for thermal insulation materials is extensive, represented by various products. All of them are divided according to the place of their installation: outside the wall or inside the room.

Each of them has both disadvantages and advantages. When installing any of them, you must strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions.

When buying a heat insulator, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

• heat conductivity;
• air permeability;
• waterproofing properties;
• environmental Safety;
• fire resistance;
• operating time.

Using quality material, you can insulate the corner without any problems. Which one is best insulation will do for walls inside the apartment? What is the best way to insulate walls from the inside?

Minvata

This heat insulator is the most popular; it is made from basalt fiber. It has excellent thermal insulation properties, allows good air ventilation, but does not tolerate excess moisture. This material has high degree fire safety and does not emit toxic substances when exposed to direct fire.

When installing mineral wool, special guides are used, and the installation process itself does not require special effort, because light material and elastic. Is it possible to insulate walls with it? But over time, these qualities can cause it to lose its shape.

The environmental component is also ambiguous - the material emits a small amount of harmful gases. Some people do not use it because of the significant weight gained during installation of the structure.

Polystyrene foam insulation

The name speaks about the process of its creation. That is, the material is created by foaming polystyrene under high pressure. The price of such material is quite affordable, it is easy to assemble and install, which makes it a popular heat insulator.

It has good thermal insulation properties, it is environmentally friendly and safe. It can be used for interior work, and for external ones. It can be mounted on walls made of any material.

The process is quite simple and not labor-intensive. The advantages include its huge service life. But of course there are also disadvantages.

So, due to poor water permeability, on wooden walls Condensation can accumulate, which leads to their destruction, and it is also highly flammable. The insulation of a concrete wall from the inside can be carried out perfectly using this material.

Extruded polystyrene foam

This material is the most popular insulation. It is elastic and easy to process. The disadvantages include the difficulty in joining sheets.

There is a material on sale in which the edge is made in the form of protrusions, which greatly facilitates installation work.

has good moisture resistance, it is lightweight, convenient for installation work.

Use of polystyrene foam

This is an excellent material for insulating apartment walls. It contains more than 95% gas, so it is an excellent heat insulator.

It is distinguished by its low cost, excellent waterproofing, and fire safety. Polystyrene foam is used at any temperature, being an environmentally friendly material.

Application of keramoizol

It's relative new material. It is sold in containers of various sizes, as it is a liquid material. Has excellent thermal insulation properties. Keramoizol is a durable, waterproof and vapor-tight product.

During installation, several layers are applied, and for better thermal insulation- six. The layers are laid perpendicular to each other. This material has proven itself only with the best side.Its only and main disadvantage is its high price.

Penoizol insulation

Thermal insulation material - penoizol is a type of polyurethane and is used in the form of foam. The advantage is the quick installation of the material in a brick building., forming a layer required thickness heat insulator, no seams or joints.

Excellent thermal insulation and waterproofing properties, the material is non-flammable and environmentally friendly. But perhaps its main advantage is the low cost of work, almost two times less than when using conventional materials.

Using Astratek

Asstratek is a suspension; solid particles are represented by various polymers. To apply to the wall, use a spray gun or install it manually paint brush. Excellent insulation, just one centimeter of layer is similar to fifty centimeters of a mineral wool slab.

Does not take up the interior space of the room, forms a smooth, uniform surface that requires minimal processing for applying the cladding. The main limiting factor for large-scale application is its high cost.

How to insulate the walls in an apartment from the inside? It's up to you to decide.

How to insulate walls in a panel and monolithic house?

How to insulate walls from the inside? How to insulate concrete wall from the inside? How to do this correctly? To insulate a wall from the inside, consider step by step instructions insulation of walls and partitions in a panel house from the inside.

Algorithm of actions:

• First you need to prepare the walls. To do this, you need to remove furniture, clean the walls of finishing material before plaster. Therefore, this procedure should be combined with renovation work in your apartment;
• next must be done. It is best to use special polymers, but you can also use regular ones. plastic film. It is applied directly to the walls, the places where the strips are fastened are glued. To do this, use construction tape;
• Next we install the sheathing; you can use both wooden and metal guides. In the first case, the tree must be treated with antiseptics and fire-fighting solutions. When installing the sheathing, the step size must be selected depending on the insulation, so as not to form gaps and voids;
• then we directly lay the heat insulator, that is, we insulate the walls. It should fit into the openings between the sheathing. Many materials are designed in such a way that during installation they straighten out and fill the entire form, this significantly reduces installation time;
• installation . By installing it, we protect our insulation from wet steam, which is always present in the apartment. Under no circumstances should these measures be neglected, as moisture will begin to accumulate in the insulation. As a result of this, the product will lose its properties, and all your work will be lost.

The vapor barrier film is laid without gaps or omissions, the joints and cracks are treated with sealants;

• installation . It is necessary to choose a material suitable for installation in residential premises. When installing sheets, it is important to follow the instructions, and then you should necessary procedures for installation of facing materials.

How to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside? Insulate a corner apartment in a panel or monolithic house you can by following these six steps.

Installing insulation on brick walls

How to insulate brick walls inside an apartment with your own hands? Corner walls V brick house can be insulated using the same method as in a panel one. Therefore, we will analyze the work of installing material made from polystyrene.

Insulating a wall in an apartment from the inside:

• clean the walls down to the plaster. If it is missing, then it should be applied. After this, the walls must be leveled, cracks repaired and then treated with a primer;
• you need to prepare the glue according to the manufacturer's recommendations and apply it to the walls that you will insulate. In the beginning, you can use a regular spatula. You need to apply glue to the walls, then take a notched trowel and go around the entire perimeter again. This is done in order to create an uneven surface of the glue. This promotes better adhesion of the insulation;
• how to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside? Next, we take sheets of thermal insulation and begin installing them on the walls. First of all, the very bottom row is laid. We apply the polystyrene sheet tightly and press it through; you do not need to use dowels or other fastening materials. When installing, use a level and carefully join the edges so that no gaps form; if necessary, cut the sheets. The next row is installed so that the junction of the two sheets is in the middle bottom sheet. This will give greater durability to the entire structure.

Watch the surface of the insulation so that no unevenness is formed, because this will bring additional difficulties during final finishing.

• After you have installed the thermal insulation, you can begin finishing works. If you plan to cover the walls with plasterboard, then some additional work over insulation is not required. If you plan to cover it with a layer of plaster, putty, wallpaper, or paint, then you need to treat it with a primer, then install a mesh of reinforcing fiber. After this, you can begin to apply layers of plaster or putty.

By following these steps, you can insulate corner room from the inside.

Insulation of walls using the “electric floor” method

How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside according to this method? Insulation of the apartment from the inside is carried out as follows. First of all, you need to attach the “” sheets to the wall using fastening materials.

After this, we connect the sheets to electrical network apartments. In the most severe frost, we turn on the system and warm up the walls until they are completely dry. After this, we lay thermal insulation to prevent heat loss. Then you can start tiling the walls.

So, if you decide to insulate the walls of a corner apartment, you need to choose a material based on the type of walls and the price range of the heat insulator. Then it is important to consider the method of installation and subsequent cladding.

You should also pay attention to the following aspects:

• installing insulation reduces the volume of the room;
• poorly performed work can lead to mold;
• For comfortable life ventilation must be installed.

By strictly adhering to the rules, you can insulate your apartment and create comfort in it. Insulating the walls of an apartment from the inside is a fairly simple process.

And the inside (you can insulate the front, rear, end wall) is carried out according to the instructions. Insulated corner apartment– this is great because you can enjoy comfort.