What timber to tie around a pile foundation. How to tie screw piles with timber

Pile-screw foundations are quite popular among private developers. They are especially in demand when constructing relatively lightweight frame houses or timber buildings. Such base designs are chosen due to affordable price, quick installation. And in some cases, due to the characteristics of the topography or the characteristics of the soil at the construction site, they become the only possible solution.

A foundation made of screw piles does not require preliminary heavy excavation work, since they are screwed into the ground to a certain depth and with a step calculated in the project. These parameters depend on the massiveness of the future structure, the composition of the soil, the depth of its freezing and the level of occurrence groundwater. The convenience of this type of construction is that the creation of a pile field can be completed in a matter of days, after which you can immediately proceed to next stage works And this stage necessarily involves tying the foundation to screw piles.

This process must be carried out using one of the existing technologies, since the strength of its walls and the lifespan of the house will depend on it. Therefore, this stage must be approached with all responsibility, having previously decided on the material that will be used to arrange the strapping.

What is tying a pile foundation and why is it necessary?

The pile foundation consists of several elements - these are screw or driven piles, which are supports for the remaining parts of the structure, and strapping, which already serves as the basis for further construction and installation work.

The screw piles themselves have a very significant bearing capacity. They are screwed in so that the propeller blades rest against dense layers of soil. And the ability of such a support to withstand vertically directed loads depends and from technical characteristics of the pile itself, and the characteristics of the soil at the construction site.

Pile-screw foundation remains one of the most popular solutions for individual construction due to its availability, simplicity and stability even on “floating” soils. However, in order for your home to be even more comfortable and not require repairs for as long as possible, you need to make its foundation even stronger and more durable. To do this, operations such as tying and closing screw piles are performed.

What is the difference between tying a pile foundation and closing it?

Inexperienced builders often confuse tying screw piles with covering the foundation. Although these two stages of the home foundation construction process are related in some way, they have slightly different goals.

Harness involves combining the heads of screw piles already installed in the ground into a single structure along the entire perimeter of the foundation and along the contour where construction will be erected interior walls buildings.

The absence of strapping, which is done using timber, boards, channels and other materials, will lead to an uneven load on each pile. The consequence of this will be the rapid destruction of the foundation, which will simply “float”.

Closing screw piles gives the building a more aesthetic appearance and minimizes heat loss. After all, since the foundation is not monolithic and there is open space under the house, the floor in such a building is unlikely to be warm enough.

Many modern materials are used for closure.

Strapping options

Tying piles with timber

Owners of relatively light buildings - wooden or frame-panel - should give preference to this type of strapping. A timber grillage cannot be called very durable, but for such construction it is the most suitable and affordable option.

Foundation tied with timber.

Often timber made of wood is used for strapping. coniferous trees, since its cost is several times less than similar products made from hardwood, and the differences in performance characteristics are minimal.

Before installing the grillage, special antiseptic compounds must be applied to the beam to prevent the destruction of wood under the influence of atmospheric factors and covered with a bitumen waterproofing layer. The latter gives the timber water-repellent properties.

When tying pile-screw foundation do the following with timber:

The pile head is mounted after leveling (cutting) the pile and after pouring concrete inside it (if necessary).

1. Carefully align the installed piles so that the pillars are exactly at the same level.
2. Heads are mounted on the piles.
3. Waterproof the material.
4. Grooves are cut out on the timber that falls at the joints of the corners of the house. the right size for subsequent connection of wooden parts with each other.
5. The timber is laid on the pile heads along the perimeter along the entire contour of the foundation in such a way that the joints of the separate parts of the grillage are fastened together on the heads. The joints are laid with a rope for better compaction.
6. Level the grillage and carefully check the angle: it should not deviate from 90 degrees.
7. The timber is fixed to the pile heads using self-tapping screws.

Tying piles with boards

When installing a pile foundation, the boarding has a number of undeniable advantages compared to timber:

1. During work cracks may appear in timber with a cross-section that is too large or it is significantly deformed.
2. For making beams timber longer than 6 m is not suitable because of serious problems that may arise in this case.
3. Timber beams are quite heavy, so installing them will require a whole team of workers. At the same time, a beam from boards is made right next to the foundation, which is much simpler.
4. Beams made from boards do not require additional drying and are characterized by increased strength compared to analogues made from timber.

Tying screw piles using boards is performed according to the following algorithm:

1. Between the pile heads and the frame itself, a waterproofing, moisture-proof layer must be made, often from high-quality roofing material.

The photo clearly shows the waterproofing of the head from the harness, as well as the bed.

There is another way to tie a board. The boards are glued together and additionally secured with screws and nails. If the boards are thin, you can line them with plywood for greater strength. During installation, it is important to separate the joints of the boards into different piles and use the proven “half-tree” method.

Tying piles with a channel (I-beam) or corrugated pipe

Metal grillages make it possible to use a pile-screw foundation when constructing not only wooden buildings, but also buildings made of cinder blocks, foam concrete and gas silicate on one floor.

Sometimes, instead of a channel, an I-beam is used, which is highly resistant to compressive loads and provides greater structural rigidity. I-beams with a cross-section of 20 are often used. In the case of a channel for load-bearing walls take metal beams with a cross-section of about 30 mm, for the rest - with a cross-section of approximately 20 mm.

The foundation is tied with a channel or I-beam as follows:

1. Install the pile pillars at the same height and process metal elements strapping with anti-corrosion agent.
2. Metal beams are placed on the piles so that they meet in the middle of the pile posts. The channel is cut at right angles at the corner joints of the grillage elements.
3. The beams are welded to each other and to the pile heads.

In this photo, the foundation is tied with both a channel and a profile pipe (bottom).

Tying a pile foundation with corrugated pipe is done in almost the same way, however, the resistance of such material to significant mechanical loads may be much less. Among the advantages of the pipe, we note its low cost and low weight.

Tying piles using a reinforced concrete grillage

Monolithic reinforced concrete piping is almost a third cheaper than metal piping, but it has a number of disadvantages, the main ones being the complexity of installation and the impossibility of continuing construction until the grillage has completely hardened. This usually takes at least a month.

Piling of piles using a reinforced concrete grillage: final version.

When tying piles using a reinforced concrete grillage, you must proceed as follows:

1. The pillars of the piles are set to the same level.
2. Formwork is made from planed boards for further pouring with concrete, which is lined with oilcloth on the inside to prevent leaks.

Ready wooden formwork on concrete piles.

How are the pile foundations covered?

A closed pile-screw foundation is reliable protection from rodents and other animals that can live in the empty space between the piles. Also, the cladding and finishing of such a base will prevent heat loss in the home and help create a good microclimate there without excess humidity.

The most popular methods of closing a pile-screw foundation:

• creation of a suspended plinth;
• creation of a shallow tape-type base.

For a suspended plinth, thin and not too powerful composite and polymer materials, as well as wood. In this case, the load on the screw piles is minimal, and the simplicity and speed of installation, coupled with low cost, is often captivating.

A suspended plinth covering the foundation with corrugated pipe piping.

Any type of finishing of the base on stilts requires the presence of two ventilation holes on opposite walls of the house. This will prevent moisture from accumulating on the piles and grillage, which will not corrode or rot (in the case of wood).

Nevertheless, pile foundation will last longer when installing a shallow-depth strip base who will become better protection for the pile frame, guaranteeing its durability.

An option for constructing a shallow base to protect the pile foundation.

Thermal and waterproofing when closing the base

All types of basement finishing require the installation of a heat- and waterproofing layer, which is covered with asbestos-cement slabs, decorative thermal panels mounted on a sheathing of boards or a slate slab, or bricks. All these materials have their pros and cons:

1. Asbestos cement slabs They don’t look very attractive and are highly fragile, but they are inexpensive.

Decoration of the base with decorative bricks.

Tying and closing screw piles is a very important stage in the construction of a house, which determines how soon it will need major repairs.

Tying and closing a pile-screw foundation: how to make the foundation of a house durable?

Closing and tying a pile-screw foundation are slightly different operations that make the foundation of the house more reliable and stable. For this, many modern materials are used.

In many cases, a pile foundation is preferable to other types of foundations, especially in the field of low-rise construction, as it allows significant savings on its construction. The stage of tying screw piles with timber is mandatory and is one of the most difficult and responsible. But before considering the procedure for carrying it out, it is necessary to understand why this needs to be done and how important quality is.

What is a pile? A hollow pipe made of high-quality steel, which has one cone-shaped end with welded “blades”. After it is screwed into the ground, only part of the “trunk” rises above the surface, on which there are diametrically drilled holes (technological). After finishing and preliminary leveling, the “tops” are cut off. How to mount the walls of a house on them? That is why, before starting their construction, craftsmen install a kind of “layer” between the base and the structure itself.

Why do you need a harness?

It solves several problems:

• rigidly connects all installed piles into a single structure;
• allows for more accurate alignment of their upper cuts in one plane (horizontal), since it is difficult to avoid technological errors in the process of screwing in supports, especially if the work is done independently;
• evenly distributes the entire load on the foundation around the perimeter;
• partially protects the walls from soil exposure.

Used for strapping various ways(for example, the construction of a grillage is one of its varieties) and materials - logs, channels (shown in the figure).

But still, the best option is to tie it not just with wood, but with timber, since it has rectangular section, which somewhat simplifies the work of installing it (including fastening the bottom row of walls).

Single harness

The most effective way is a combined method, in which two methods are combined - fixation with self-tapping screws (anchors) + clamps (corners, plates).

Installation of heads

Such elements are attached to the “tops” of all piles. As a rule, these are metal plates that are welded at the ends of the supports.

But in the case of tying with timber, given its strict dimensions, it is advisable to install flanges (the letter “P” upside down). The distance between the “legs of the letter” depends on the parameters of the workpieces, since they will be placed between them (the minimum cross-section of the timber for strapping is 150 mm). Naturally, the holes for fasteners are prepared in advance.

Preparation of blanks

Cuts are made at their ends, and the master decides which type of timber connection to choose. It is clear that the first one is much simpler and does not require much experience, but it is less reliable. Additionally, grooves for the logs are prepared.

Laying and fixing timber

The first thing to do is to lay all the flanges with waterproofing material (the cheapest is roofing felt). As an option - bitumen + P/E film. The task is that the wood should not come into contact with the metal. If only because during operation moisture will condense on it and gradually be absorbed into the timber.

Work always starts from the corners. The first 2 adjacent beams are preliminarily joined, leveled, after which the compliance of the 90º connection is checked (using a square). After additional adjustment, the workpieces are fastened with hardware. Self-tapping screws are much better than nails, since they are easier to remove if necessary to make repairs. The rest of the corners are similar.

After this, the correctness of the perimeter geometry is checked (by comparing diagonals). And only after making sure that they are equal can you continue installation.

Laying the timber on the sides is not difficult, given that all products have the same (calibrated) length. From the point of view of maintainability, it is advisable to make their connections end-to-end. They are fastened together with metal plates and brackets ( possible options shown in the figure).

Inside the perimeter, the technique differs little from the above (example in the figure).

All joints, in order to avoid the appearance of “cold bridges”, must be insulated (for this it is advisable to use jute tape).

Trimming processing

As a rule, the timber is covered, on top of which waterproofing material is applied. After this, you can begin the next stage of construction.

Feature of double strapping

It is considered more reliable and maintainable.

The technology is not fundamentally different, but there are several nuances:

• for the 1st “level”, a 200 mm beam is taken;
• for the second – with a section of 100 x 150; in this case, the 2nd row is laid by installing the blanks “on the butt” (smaller side);
• in the 2nd level, no cuts are made for the joists;
• The joints of the beams in the rows should be spaced apart.

• A timber beam is recommended for strapping coniferous species. The best option– larch. Since the material will be located directly above the ground, it will be intensively affected by moisture. Its influence is reduced by various impregnating compounds, but they also have a shelf life. The peculiarity of larch is that this tree only becomes stronger when wet.
• After graduation welding work It is advisable to treat all areas exposed to temperature with an anti-corrosion compound. The fact is that the piles have protective covering which is damaged by welding.
• To more accurately align the beam horizontally, a wedge is placed at the place where it is laid on the flange, or a small cut is made.
• In the absence of a grillage, you can further strengthen the foundation with metal “jibs”.

There are recommendations on how to make a “glue” (like a beam) from boards for strapping. And the argument is made that it will be cheaper. No matter how skillfully the text is written, no matter what advantages of such a technique are cited - it's not worth doing this. Perhaps “homemade products” will be useful somewhere else, but when it comes to the foundation, it is better not to experiment - any alteration will be much more expensive.

The reliability and strength of a frame building largely depends on the lower and upper trim. They must be carried out in full accordance with technology, otherwise the house will not last as long. long period time, as its owner would like. Bottom harness frame house This is a support for the walls, so it is securely fixed to the foundation of the building. Of course, only piping made of high-quality materials will ensure reliable attachment of the building to the foundation, strong support for the joists of the floor and walls - all together this is the key to the long life of the house.

Source lestorg32.ru

Basic requirements and purpose of framing a frame house

The roof and foundation are tied to strengthen the frame, its strength and reliability. The lower and upper play different roles, but their design is basically the same.

The bottom frame helps strengthen the building structure below. It distributes the load equally around the perimeter of the house. The upper one is intended to combine the walls of the house outside and inside into a single whole. It provides the load between the walls and ceilings, which is also distributed evenly. Before the work process, the foundation must be ready.

All details frame construction meet certain requirements:

The boards used are standard, even boards with dimensions: 38x100 or 38x140 mm. When using timber, its dimensions are: 150x150, 120x120, 100x100 mm.

It is preferable to use materials from coniferous varieties wood, because performance characteristics most suitable for these purposes.

Materials must serve for a long time. To do this, they must be coated with an antiseptic to prevent rotting, otherwise the elements will need to be replaced.

Source stroyfora.ru

Racks and other parts must be highly durable.

The layer of piping must follow the contours of the foundation. If there are discrepancies in width, moisture will accumulate, which will lead to destruction of the wood.

Requirements for materials for the bottom trim

In addition to boards, logs or beams, to install the strapping you will need materials to create a waterproofing layer (roofing felt is most suitable), and accessories for fastening: nails (50, 100, 150 mm), self-tapping screws (50, 100 mm).

When choosing materials for strapping, you should consider the following requirements:

must withstand highest values loads that are possible during operation;

have high resistance to mechanical stress;

resistance to external and internal influences;

You also need to take into account the weight and density of the materials used.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of frame houses from construction companies, presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Most quality material required, for example, with a pile foundation, since in this case the piping will always be practically “in sight”. But with austerity, some go to the manufacture of strapping from boards, although in essence this is the same lottery as using columnar foundation.

Columnar foundation and frame made of boards fastened together. This combination is like a real powder keg for a residential building - sometimes it doesn’t even explode Source deltodom.ru

It is important to know! According to its characteristics, a columnar foundation is unacceptable for residential buildings, but it is permitted and quite often used as an economical option for outbuildings.

Laying and securing the bottom trim

Each type of foundation (pile-grillage, strip, screw, monolithic) consists of several constituent elements that are located at intervals. The piping of a columnar foundation serves to combine its fractional elements, making them a single element. There are various methods for laying the strapping: threaded, welded, using clamps.

After pouring any type of foundation, strapping work begins:

First and important stage is to check for the presence of irregularities on the base. If they are present, you need to get rid of them using cement mortar. If the irregularities are up to 3 cm, then they can be left.

The waterproofing layer is laid using roofing felt and mastic.

Tying should begin from the corners of the base. First, the structure is assembled for the first corner, which is the beginning of the tying. The construction triangle will help determine whether the work is being done correctly.

Source stroystory.ru

Laying boards. The placement of joints in the corners is done in two options: in the “paw” or “in the floor”. Before fixing the main components of the structure, the diagonal and angular sides are drawn out very evenly. They are strengthened with nails (at least 150 mm).

Before fixing the main components of the structure, the diagonal and angular sides are drawn out very evenly. They are secured with nails (at least 150 mm). The gap from the edge is 2 cm or more.

Before tying, waterproofing of the foundation is necessary.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building frame houses. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Connection of strapping beam

The framing of a frame house is done by ensuring that the grillage is firmly attached at the corners, where the internal and external walls adjoin each other. Usually standard size There is not enough material for the entire length of the building, so it needs to be increased. Connections are made using various methods:

“in the wood floor” and “in the paw” to increase the length;

“dovetail” is excellent for connecting internal to external walls (it is very difficult, but airtight);

“butt” – a simple connection, but not very reliable;

“root tenon” – used for corners.

Source teplye-doma.ru

Depending on the cross-section of the lumber, the length of the joints “to the floor” or “to the paw” is selected. The connection size is 2-3 beam heights. For the most durable fixation, dowels are used.

Frame house floor

Floor strapping in frame house is rational and economical solution. It acts as an element of the floor of the building. As load-bearing beams there is a beam protruding between which insulation material. Floor materials for the lower floor are laid above the frame.

The optimal thickness of the material for insulation depends on the area in which construction is taking place. average value approximately 150-200 mm. Calculate required thickness possible under the joint venture “Thermal protection of the building”.

Installation of the upper frame of a frame house

The top trim is made from boards, the width of which should not be less than 100 mm. Unplaned boards can be used as material. The strapping serves to evenly distribute the weight of the roof and any amount of snow that is transferred by the rafters to the walls. To make work easier, the lower and upper harness made from the same material with a similar cross-section.

Source m.2gis.ru

If the future building has several floors, then it is necessary to make two rows of lining at the top. It is needed only on the outside, but to avoid differences in height, it is also produced on the inside, although it is not as strong. You need to splice the harness directly above the stand. Both layers are attached to each other after approximately 20 cm; there should be no more gap.

Attaching the top harness

Fastening can be done using three methods:

To the end of the rack, which is located in a vertical position, with nails or screws. The method is suitable when making a structure from a single board.

To the end of the rack through notches. With this option, a notch is made in the harness, the depth of which should be one third or half the thickness of the wood. The top edge of the rack fits into this recess.

Fastening with steel corners. Very reliable way, reinforcing the fastening in the first way.

Additional fastening with steel corners increases the strength of the structure Source initechno.ru

The advantage of the first and second methods is that you can set and secure vertical racks one after another. To fix it using a notch, mandatory calculations and absolutely accurate markings are required. If there are violations, then there will be a defect in the vertical placement of the racks, as a result of which the structure will begin to collapse.

Grooves are made in the strapping beam or board for all the posts, which must coincide with the same grooves that are on the fastenings for the posts of the lower trim. In addition, the structure is secured with nails. Fastenings using corners are secured with self-tapping screws.

Video description

About non-standard option See the video for tying screw piles with timber:

Conclusion

The upper and lower trim of a frame house made of boards or timber guarantees the reliability and long service life of the structure. When meeting technological requirements, the material firmly binds the individual frame parts, creating a very strong single structure that will significantly increase the stability of the walls. In addition, the load on the foundation will be distributed evenly. If planned independent work, then you need to familiarize yourself with all the nuances of tying, since this process is very important.

The reliability and quality of any foundation depends primarily on strict adherence to technology at every stage of its implementation. And tying a columnar foundation with timber is no exception.

General information

Screw pile

A screw pile is a type of pile that is driven into the ground by screwing. As a rule, this is metal pipe, to the base of which the blades are welded. These blades serve not only to immerse the structure into the ground, but also to evenly distribute the mass over larger area soil.

What is a harness

After installing the screw supports, they are fastened with beams, resulting in one rigid structure called a frame or grillage.

The framing of a house is essentially the overlap between the building itself and the foundation. This design evenly distributes the weight of the house from. In addition, the grillage is the first to take over negative impacts environment. Therefore, it must be strong, reliable and protected from moisture.

Timber is a material made by cutting a tree trunk from four sides. It has the same cross-section along its entire length. Currently, timber is the most popular material for lining the foundation. It is especially often used in the construction of log houses, bathhouses and other wooden houses.

The bottom frame made from softwood timber is most often used, as they have some advantages over hardwood:

• Higher service life and durability;
• High strength;
• Reduced moisture permeability;
• The price is usually lower than for hardwood.

Note!
The beam for strapping must have a cross-section of at least 150x150 mm.
When purchasing material, you must ensure that there are not even the slightest cracks on it, otherwise the build quality will suffer.

Before making a grillage, it is necessary to process the material:

• Antiseptic – to prevent decay and fungal development; (see article for more details)
• Fire retardant, which will increase fire resistance and prevent fire. This treatment is especially relevant for pine material, since this wood contains a large number of flammable resins.

Advice!
When calculating the amount of material, it is advisable to add 10-15 percent, since during the work it may not be enough.

Glued beams are much stronger than regular beams, and they also have more accurate dimensions. As a rule, such material has protrusions and grooves. As a result, the structure made from this is very durable.

The main advantage of laminated veneer lumber is thermal and moisture protection. The structure will be dense and without gaps in corner connections. Of course, such material costs more than regular material, but it does not need to be dried and treated with an antiseptic.

Another advantage of glued material is that it does not rot and is very light in itself. Thus, a grillage made of laminated veneer lumber is an excellent solution.

For calculation required quantity timber, you can use a simple calculator:

Wall length

m

Wall width

m

Wall height

m

Beam section

150x150 mm. 180x180 mm. 200x200 mm.

Beam length

5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m. 9 m. 10 m. 11 m. 12 m.

Strapping technology

Tying a pile foundation with timber is carried out in several stages:

• Foundation preparation;
• Preparation of building materials;
• Direct installation.

Tool

If you will be tying the foundation with timber yourself, then you will need the following tool:

• Hacksaw or chainsaw;
• Electric planer;
• Screwdriver;
• Drill;
• Roulette.

Foundation preparation

Preparation is carried out in two stages:

1. First of all, you need to make sure the foundation is horizontal. Piles that are located above the required level must either be immersed deeper or cut off. If the supports are located below the required level, then a gasket should be placed on the head.
2. Then you need to perform waterproofing. To do this, a roofing material gasket is placed on the ends of the supports. You can also use bitumen or roofing felt.

Preparation of building material

First, the material must be dried. Then you need to select the corner elements of the grillage and make cuts from their ends for the locking connection.

Most often, the connection is made into the floor of the tree, when the cut is made “into the floor of the tree”, to the middle of the section of the beam at a right angle, the width of the cut corresponds to the width of the beam. Also sometimes they make a “half-paw” connection, when the cut is made at an arbitrary angle. This connection is more reliable.

Advice!
The easiest way to make cuts is with an electric planer.

Laying and connecting the strapping

After the piles are leveled, waterproofing is laid on them and the material is prepared, you can begin tying.

The instructions for performing the work are as follows:

1. First of all, you need to outline the corners. To do this, define the point as the first external corner, it can be marked with a nail. Then I mark the remaining corners in exactly the same way, and check their straightness using a triangle.
2. Next, you need to make one of the corners of the future object and lay all the prepared beams. It is necessary to lay jute tape between the joints. On straight sections of the grillage, it is best to connect the elements with a half-tree or “half-foot” head stop.
3. When all the elements are laid, it is necessary to once again check the straightness of the corners and the horizontality of the entire resulting structure.

Advice!
The beams can also be connected to each other using metal corners and staples.

After the strapping beam is laid on the screw piles, it must be secured. Most often, the grillage is attached to the supports using bolts. To do this, holes must be made in advance on the pile heads, and after installation, holes must also be drilled in the beams; the beams must thus be attached to each pillar.

It’s even easier to use self-tapping screws instead of bolts, in which case you won’t have to make holes in the beams. After attaching the structure, cuts are made in the grillage for logs and partition beams.

Note!
After installing the piping, it is also necessary to lay a waterproofing layer on it, and open spaces treat with mastic.

In some cases, the lining of a house made of timber is not done, since its role is played by the crown of the log house itself, installed on the foundation. This option is only possible if the floor joists are cut several crowns higher.

We looked at how to frame a house from timber with one crown. Quite popular is the double harness, which we will discuss below.

Double strapping made of timber is more reliable designs than described above.

It has the following advantages:

• The house turns out to be warmer.
• In double strapping, there are no cuts for beams and joists, so it is more durable than regular strapping.
• With double strapping, it is easier to remove and replace the logs during repairs, since they do not cut into the base.

When making such a design, the first crown is made of material with a cross-section of 200x200 mm. It is installed using the technology described above. In this case, it is also necessary to make cuts under the beams for the partitions.

When the first crown is completed, the second one is installed. Typically, for the second crown, beams with a cross-section of 150 x 100 mm are used, and they are installed end-to-end (the cross-section should not be square). All joints of the first row must be covered, while the corners are also connected - in a straight cut.

The partition beam is installed with its end in the middle of the beam of the first row so that there is a protrusion on both sides. Floor joists are laid perpendicular to the partition beam every 70-80 cm. They can be secured to the protruding beam using nails.

Advice!
The geometry of the harness is checked by measuring the diagonals.

This completes the work. You can learn more about double foundation piping from the video in this article.

Possible difficulties

When making a grillage you may have to face some difficulties.

• The piles are not screwed level. If it is not possible to bury the pile deeper, then you can not cut the pipe, but make a recess in the beam.
• The foundation turned out to be not square. In this case, the corners are leveled with a grillage.
  
• A crack appeared on the beam. In this case, the beam should be replaced.

Conclusion

Strapping is an extremely important stage of construction, since the strength and durability of the entire house depends on it. Therefore, it should be performed especially carefully, without deviating from the technology described above.