Which heating system to choose: two-pipe or single-pipe. Which is better - a single-pipe or two-pipe heating system? One and two pipe heating system

The heating system is divided into two types: single-pipe and double-pipe. Obviously, it is most profitable to install a more efficient one that will not only cope with its functions, but will also serve you for many years. In order not to be left “in the fool” and not to make a mistake with the choice heating system.

You need to thoroughly understand which heating system is best for you and why.

Thus, you will know which system is better from a technical point of view and how to choose it, taking into account your budget.

High water pressure ensures a natural cycle, and antifreeze makes the system more economical.

Disadvantages of a one-pipe system - a very complex thermal and hydraulic calculation of the network, since if an error is made in the calculations of devices, it is very difficult to eliminate it.

Also, this is a very high hydrodynamic resistance and an involuntary number of heating devices on one line.

The coolant flows into everything at once and is not subject to separate adjustment.

In addition, there are very high heat losses.

In order to be able to regulate the operation of individual devices connected to one riser, bypasses (closing sections) are connected to the network - this is a jumper in the form of a piece of pipe connected by the forward and return radiator pipes, with taps and valves.

To be able to regulate the temperature of each separately, the bypass allows you to connect auto-thermostats to the radiator.

In addition, this also makes it possible, in the event of a breakdown, to replace or repair individual devices without turning off the entire heating system.

Single-pipe heating is divided into vertical and horizontal:

• vertical – this is connecting all batteries in series from top to bottom.
• horizontal - This is a serial connection of all heating devices on all floors.

Due to the accumulation of air in the batteries and pipes, so-called traffic jams occur, which is a disadvantage of both systems.

Installation of a one-pipe system

The connection is made according to the diagram, using taps to vent the radiators, which close the taps and plugs.

System pressure testing - after which coolant is poured into the battery and the system is directly adjusted.

Two-pipe heating system

The advantage of a two-pipe heating system – this is the installation of automatic thermostats, which gives full control of the temperature in individual rooms.

This also includes the independence of operation of circuit devices, which is ensured by a special collector system.

The difference between a two-pipe system and a one-pipe system is that additional batteries can be connected to the first after connecting the main ones, as well as the possibility of extension in vertical and horizontal directions.

Unlike the single-pipe system, it is also possible to easily correct errors.

Disadvantages of this system minimal if you have sufficient quantity material resources and have the opportunity to call a specialist.

Installation of a heating system with lower horizontal piping

This system allows the tank to be positioned open type V comfortable warmth place. Also, it is possible to combine expansion and supply tanks allowing you to use hot water directly from the heating system itself.

On systems with forced circulation To reduce pipe consumption, the outlet and supply risers are located at the level of the first.

Evgeniy Sedov

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Content

Today there are the most different ways organization of systems, among which heating on two wings with a pump has gained great popularity. Its design is based on the principle of effective maintenance with minimal heat loss. The two-pipe heating system has become especially popular in single-story, multi-story and private houses, the connection of which allows you to achieve all necessary conditions for a comfortable stay.

What is a two-pipe heating system

Two-pipe heating is used in last years more and more often, and this despite the fact that installation of a single-pipe version is, as a rule, much cheaper. This model makes it possible to regulate the temperature in each room of a residential building according to at will, because A special control valve is provided for this purpose. As for the single-pipe circuit, unlike the two-pipe circuit, its coolant, during circulation, sequentially passes through absolutely all radiators.

As for the two-pipe model, here a pipe intended for pumping coolant is separately supplied to each radiator. And the return pipeline is collected from each battery into a separate circuit, the function of which is to deliver the cooled medium back to the flow-through or wall-mounted boiler. This circuit (natural/forced circulation) is called return and it has gained especially great popularity in apartment buildings when there is a need to heat all floors using one boiler.

Advantages

Double-circuit heating, despite the higher installation cost compared to some other analogues, is suitable for objects of any configuration and number of floors - this is very important advantage. In addition, the coolant that enters all heating devices has an identical temperature, which makes it possible to uniformly warm up all rooms.

The remaining advantages of a two-pipe heating system are the possibility of installing special thermostats on radiators and the fact that the breakdown of one of the devices will in no way affect the operation of others. In addition, by installing valves on each battery, you can reduce water consumption, which is a big plus for the family budget.

Flaws

The above system has one significant drawback, which is that all its components and their installation are much more expensive than organizing a single-pipe model. It turns out that not all residents can afford it. Other disadvantages of a two-pipe heating system are the complexity of installation and the large number of pipes and special connecting elements.

Scheme of a two-pipe heating system

As mentioned above, this method of organizing a heating system differs from other options in that it has a more complex architecture. Scheme double-circuit heating is a pair of closed circuits. One of them is used to supply heated coolant to the batteries, the other is to send waste, i.e., cooled liquid back for heating. The use of this method at a particular facility largely depends on the power of the boiler.

Dead end

IN this option The direction of supply of heated water and return is multidirectional. A two-pipe dead-end heating system involves the installation of batteries, each of which has an identical number of sections. To balance the system with such a movement of heated water, the valve installed on the first radiator must be screwed great strength in order to make an overlap.

Passing

This scheme is also called the Tichelman loop. Passing two-pipe system heating or just a ride is easier to balance and adjust, especially if the line is very long. At this method organizing heating on each radiator requires the installation of a needle valve or a device such as a thermostatic valve.

Horizontal

There is also such a type of circuit as a two-pipe horizontal system heating, which has found wide application in single- and two-story houses. It is also used in rooms with a basement, where the necessary communication networks and devices can be easily placed. When using such wiring, the supply pipeline can be installed under the radiators or at the same level with them. But this scheme has a drawback, which is the frequent formation of air jams. In order to get rid of them, it is necessary to install Mayevsky taps on each device.

Vertical

Scheme of this type more often used in houses with 2-3 or more floors. But its organization requires the presence large quantity pipes It is necessary to take into account that a vertical two-pipe heating system has such a significant advantage as the ability to automatically remove air that exits through a drain valve or expansion tank. If the latter is installed in the attic, then this room must be insulated. In general, with this scheme, the temperature distribution across the heating devices is uniform.

Two-pipe heating system with bottom wiring

If you decide to choose this diagram, then keep in mind that it can be a collector or with radiators mounted in parallel. Scheme of a two-pipe heating system with bottom wiring of the first type: two pipelines depart from the collector to each battery, which are supply and discharge. This model with lower wiring has the following advantages:

• installation of shut-off valves is carried out in one room;
• high level efficiency;
• possibility of installation in an unfinished building;
• overlap and adjustment are easy and simple;
• the ability to turn off the top floor if no one lives there.

With top wiring

A closed two-pipe heating system with overhead wiring is used to a greater extent due to the fact that it is free of air pockets and has a high water circulation rate. Before making the calculation, install a filter, find a photo with detailed description scheme, it is necessary to compare the costs of this option with the benefits and take into account the following disadvantages:

• unaesthetic appearance of the premises due to open communications;
• high pipe consumption and necessary materials;
• the emergence of problems associated with the placement of the tank;
• rooms located on the second floor warm up somewhat better;
• impossibility of location in rooms with large footage;
• additional expenses, Related decorative finishing, which should hide the pipes.

Connecting heating radiators with a two-pipe system

Installation work associated with the installation of double-circuit heating includes several stages. Radiator connection diagram:

1. At the first stage, the boiler is installed, for which a specially designated place is prepared, for example, a basement.
2. Next, the installed equipment is connected to an expansion tank mounted in the attic.
3. Then to each radiator battery a pipe is drawn from the collector to move the coolant.
4. On next stage From each radiator, pipes are again drawn for heated water, which will give off its heat to them.
5. All return pipes form a single circuit, which is subsequently connected to the boiler.

If a circulation pump is used in such a loop system, then it is installed directly into the return loop. The fact is that the design of the pumps consists of various cuffs and gaskets, which are made of rubber and cannot withstand high temperatures. That's all installation work are completed.

Video

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Have you thought about installing water heating in your home? It is not surprising, because a single-pipe heating system for a private house can be traditional and completely energy-independent or, on the contrary, very modern and fully automatic.

But you still have doubts about the reliability of this option - you don’t know which scheme to choose and what pitfalls await you? We will help clarify these issues - the article discusses schemes for arranging a single-pipe system, the pros and cons that await the owner of a house with such a heating system.

The article material is supplied detailed diagrams And clear photos depicting individual elements used in heating assembly. In addition, a video has been selected with an analysis of the nuances of installing a single-pipe system with warm floors.

In low-rise construction, the most widespread is a simple, reliable and economical design with one highway. The single-pipe system remains the most popular way of organizing individual heat supply. It operates due to the continuous circulation of the coolant liquid.

Moving through pipes from the source of thermal energy (boiler) to the heating elements and back, it gives off its thermal energy and heats the building.

The coolant can be air, steam, water or antifreeze, which is used in periodic residences. The most common.

Image gallery

The unit consists of an air vent, a pressure gauge and safety valve for coolant discharge in emergency mode. Mounted with shut-off valves on the supply pipeline to allow shutdown in case of repair.

If there is a rise in the pipeline, then it is located at its highest point.

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The water heating system can be single-pipe or double-pipe. The two-pipe system is called so because two pipes are required for operation - one from the boiler supplies hot coolant to the radiators, the other removes coolant from the heating elements and supplies it back to the boiler. With such a system, boilers of any type can operate on any fuel. Both forced and natural circulation can be implemented. Two-pipe systems are installed in both one-story and two- or multi-story buildings.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main disadvantage of this method of organizing heating follows from the method of organizing the circulation of the coolant: double the number of pipes compared to the main competitor - a single-pipe system. Despite this situation, the costs of purchasing materials are slightly higher, and all due to the fact that with 2 pipe system smaller diameters of pipes and, accordingly, fittings are used, and they cost much less. So the resulting material costs are higher, but not significantly. What there really is is more work, and accordingly it takes twice as much time.

This disadvantage is compensated by the fact that a thermostatic head can be installed on each radiator, with the help of which the system is easily balanced in automatic mode, which cannot be done in single pipe system. On such a device you set the desired temperature of the coolant and it is maintained constantly with a small error ( exact value errors depend on the brand). In a single-pipe system, it is possible to regulate the temperature of each radiator individually, but this requires a bypass with a needle or three-way valve, which complicates and increases the cost of the system, negating the gains in cash for the purchase of materials and time for installation.

Another disadvantage of the two-pipe system is the impossibility of repairing radiators without stopping the system. This is inconvenient and this property can be circumvented by placing it near each heating device on the supply and return Ball Valves. By blocking them, you can remove and repair the radiator or heated towel rail. The system will function indefinitely.

But this type of heating organization has an important advantage: unlike a single-pipe system, in a system with two lines for each heating element water arrives at the same temperature - directly from the boiler. Although she strives to follow the path least resistance and will not spread beyond the first radiator, installing thermostatic heads or taps to regulate the flow intensity solves the problem.

There is another advantage - lower pressure losses and easier implementation of gravity heating or the use of lower power pumps for forced circulation systems.

Classification of 2 pipe systems

Heating systems of any type are divided into open and closed. In closed ones, a membrane-type expansion tank is installed, which makes it possible for the system to operate at increased pressure. Such a system makes it possible to use not only water as a coolant, but also ethylene glycol-based compounds, which have a low freezing point (up to -40 o C) and are also called antifreeze. For normal operation equipment in heating systems should use special compounds developed for these purposes, and not general purpose, and especially not automobile ones. The same applies to the additives and additives used: only specialized ones. It is especially important to adhere to this rule when using expensive modern boilers with automatic control– repairs in case of malfunctions will not be covered by warranty, even if the breakdown is not directly related to the coolant.

IN open system An open type expansion tank is built in at the top point. A pipe is usually connected to it to remove air from the system, and a pipeline is also installed to drain excess water in the system. Sometimes they can take from the expansion tank warm water for household needs, but in this case it is necessary to make the system recharge automatic, and also not to use additives.

Vertical and horizontal two-pipe system

There are two types of organization of a two-pipe system - vertical and horizontal. Vertical is used most often in multi-storey buildings. It requires more pipes, but the ability to connect radiators on each floor is easily realized. The main advantage of such a system is the automatic release of air (it tends upward and exits there or through expansion tank or through the drain valve).

The horizontal two-pipe system is used more often in one-story or, at most, two-story houses. To bleed air from the system, Mayevsky valves are installed on the radiators.

Two-pipe horizontal heating scheme for a two-story private house (click on the picture to enlarge)

Upper and lower wiring

Based on the method of supply distribution, a system with top and bottom supply is distinguished. With top wiring, the pipe goes under the ceiling, and from there the supply pipes go down to the radiators. The return runs along the floor. This method is good because you can easily create a system with natural circulation– the height difference creates a flow of sufficient force to ensure good speed circulation, it is only necessary to maintain a slope with a sufficient angle. But such a system is becoming less and less popular due to aesthetic reasons. Although, if at the top under the hanging or suspended ceiling, then only the pipes to the devices will remain visible, and they, in fact, can be monolid into the wall. Upper and lower wiring are also used in vertical two-pipe systems. The difference is demonstrated in the figure.

With bottom wiring, the supply pipe goes lower, but higher than the return pipe. The supply tube can be located in a basement or semi-basement (the return is even lower), between the rough and finished floors, etc. You can supply/discharge coolant to radiators by passing pipes through holes in the floor. With this arrangement, the connection is the most hidden and aesthetically pleasing. But here you need to select the location of the boiler: its position relative to the radiators does not matter - the pump will “push through”, but in systems with natural circulation, the radiators must be located above the level of the boiler, for which the boiler is buried.

The two-pipe heating system of a two-story private house is illustrated in the video. It has two wings, the temperature in each of which is regulated by valves, the lower type of wiring. The system is forced circulation, so the boiler hangs on the wall.

Dead-end and associated two-pipe systems

A dead-end system is a system in which the coolant supply and return flows are multidirectional. There is a system with passing traffic. It is also called the Tichelman loop/scheme. The latter option is easier to balance and configure, especially with long networks. If a system with a parallel flow of coolant has radiators with the same number of sections, it is automatically balanced, while in a dead-end circuit it will be necessary to install a thermostatic valve or needle valve on each radiator.

Even if radiators and valves/valves of different numbers of sections are installed with the Tichelman scheme, the chance of balancing such a scheme is much higher than a dead-end one, especially if it is quite long.

To balance a two-pipe system with multidirectional coolant movement, the valve on the first radiator must be screwed on very tightly. And a situation may arise in which it needs to be closed so much that the coolant will not flow there. It turns out then you need to choose: the first battery in the network will not heat, or the last one, because in this case it will not be possible to equalize the heat transfer.

Heating systems on two wings

And yet, more often they use a system with a dead-end circuit. And all because the return line is longer and it is more difficult to assemble. If heating circuit yours is not very large, it is quite possible to adjust the heat transfer on each radiator and with a dead-end connection. If the circuit turns out to be large, and you don’t want to make a Tichelman loop, you can divide one large heating circuit into two smaller wings. There is a condition - for this there must be a technical possibility of such a network construction. In this case, in each circuit after separation it is necessary to install valves that will regulate the intensity of the coolant flow in each of the circuits. Without such valves, balancing the system is either very difficult or impossible.

Different types of coolant circulation are demonstrated in the video, and it also gives useful tips on installation and selection of equipment for heating systems.

Connecting heating radiators with a two-pipe system

In a two-pipe system, any of the methods of connecting radiators is implemented: diagonal (cross), one-sided and bottom. Most the best option — diagonal connection. In this case, the heat transfer from the heating device can be in the region of 95-98% of the rated thermal power of the device.

Despite different meanings heat loss for each type of connection, they are all used, just in different situations. Bottom connection, although the most unproductive, is more common if pipes are laid under the floor. In this case it is easiest to implement. When laying hidden, you can connect radiators using other schemes, but then either large sections of pipes remain visible, or they will need to be hidden in the wall.

Lateral connection is practiced if necessary when the number of sections is no more than 15. In this case, there is almost no heat loss, but when the number of radiator sections is more than 15, a diagonal connection is required, otherwise circulation and heat transfer will be insufficient.

Results

Despite the fact that more materials are used to organize two-pipe circuits, they are becoming more popular due to the more reliable circuit. In addition, such a system is easier to compensate.

Two-pipe heating system

There are only two types of heating systems: single-pipe and double-pipe. In private homes they try to establish the most effective system heating. It is very important not to go cheap when trying to reduce the cost of purchasing and installing a heating system. Providing heat to a home is a lot of work, and so as not to have to install the system again, it is better to understand it thoroughly and make “reasonable” savings. And in order to draw a conclusion about which system is better, it is necessary to understand the operating principle of each of them. Having studied the advantages and disadvantages of both systems, both from the technical and material side, it becomes clear how to do optimal choice.

Single pipe heating system

Works on the principle: one at a time main pipe(riser) the coolant rises to the top floor of the house (in case multi-storey building); All heating devices are connected in series to the downward line. In this case, all upper floors will be heated more intensely than the lower ones. A well-common practice in Soviet-built multi-story buildings, when it is very hot on the upper floors and cold on the lower floors. Private houses most often have 2-3 floors, so single pipe heating does not threaten a large contrast in temperatures on different floors. In a one-story building, heating is almost uniform.

Advantages of a single-pipe heating system: hydrodynamic stability, ease of design and installation, low costs of materials and funds, since the installation of only one coolant line is required. Increased water pressure will ensure normal natural circulation. The use of antifreeze increases the efficiency of the system. And although it's not best example heating system, it has become very widespread in our country due to the high savings in material.

Disadvantages of a single-pipe heating system: complex thermal and hydraulic calculations of the network;
- it is difficult to eliminate errors in the calculations of heating devices;
- interdependence of the operation of all network elements;
- high hydrodynamic resistance;
- limited number of heating devices on one riser;
- inability to regulate the flow of coolant into individual heating devices;
- high heat loss.

Improvement of single-pipe heating systems
Developed technical solution, allowing you to regulate the operation of individual heating devices connected to one pipe. Special closing sections - bypasses - are connected to the network. The bypass is a jumper in the form of a piece of pipe that connects the direct pipe of the heating radiator and the return pipe. It is equipped with taps or valves. The bypass makes it possible to connect automatic thermostats to the radiator. This allows you to regulate the temperature of each battery and, if necessary, shut off the coolant supply to any individual heating device. Thanks to this, it is possible to repair and replace individual devices without completely shutting down the entire heating system. Correct connection bypass makes it possible to redirect the flow of coolant through the riser, bypassing the element being replaced or repaired. For quality installation For such devices, it is better to invite a specialist.


Vertical and horizontal riser diagram
According to the installation scheme, single-pipe heating can be horizontal or vertical. A vertical riser is the connection of all heating devices in series from top to bottom. If the batteries are connected in series with each other throughout the entire floor, this is horizontal riser. The disadvantage of both connections is air pockets that occur in heating radiators and pipes due to accumulated air.


The heating system with one main riser is equipped with heating devices with improved reliability characteristics. All devices of a one-pipe system are designed for high temperature and must withstand high pressure.

Installation technology of a single-pipe heating system
1. Installation of the boiler in the selected location. It is better to use the services of a specialist from service center, if the boiler is under warranty.
2. Installation of the main pipeline. If an improved system is being installed, then it is mandatory to install tees at the connection points of radiators and bypasses. For heating systems with natural circulation when installing pipes
create a slope of 3 - 5o per meter of length, for a system with forced circulation of coolant - 1 cm per meter of length.
3. Installation of a circulation pump. The circulation pump is designed for temperatures up to 60°C, so it is installed in that part of the system where the most low temperature, that is, at the entrance of the return pipe to the boiler. The pump operates from the mains power supply.
4. Installation of the expansion tank. An open expansion tank is installed at the highest point of the system, a closed one - often next to the boiler.
5. Installation of radiators. They mark out places for installing radiators and secure them with brackets. At the same time, they comply with the recommendations of device manufacturers regarding maintaining distances from walls, window sills, and floors.
6. The radiators are connected according to the chosen scheme, installing Mayevsky valves (for venting the radiators), shut-off valves, and plugs.
7. The system is pressure tested (air or water is supplied to the system under pressure to check the quality of connection of all elements of the system). Only after this, coolant is poured into the heating system and a test run of the system is performed, and adjustment elements are adjusted.

Two-pipe heating system

In a two-pipe heating system, the heated coolant circulates from the heater to the radiators and back. This system is distinguished by the presence of two pipeline branches. Along one branch, the hot coolant is transported and distributed, and along the second, the cooled liquid from the radiator is returned to the boiler.

Two-pipe heating systems, like single-pipe heating systems, are divided into open and closed depending on the type of expansion tank. In modern two-pipe closed heating systems, membrane-type expansion tanks are used. The systems are officially recognized as the most environmentally friendly and safe.

According to the method of connecting elements in a two-pipe heating system, they are distinguished: vertical and horizontal systems.

IN vertical system all radiators are connected to a vertical riser. Such a system allows multi-storey building connect each floor separately to the riser. With this connection, there are no air pockets during operation. But the cost of this connection is slightly higher.


Double-pipe horizontal heating system is mainly used in one-story houses With large area. In this system, heating devices are connected to a horizontal pipeline. It is better to install risers for wiring connections of heating elements on staircase or in the corridor. Air jams are released by Mayevsky's cranes.

Horizontal heating system can be with bottom and top wiring. If the wiring is bottom, then the “hot” pipeline runs in the lower part of the building: under the floor, in the basement. In this case, the return line is laid even lower. To improve coolant circulation, the boiler is deepened so that all radiators are above it. The return line is located even lower. Upper overhead line, which must be included in the circuit, serves to remove air from the network. If the distribution is top, then the “hot” pipeline runs along the top of the building. The place for laying the pipeline is usually an insulated attic. At good insulation pipes, heat loss is minimal. At flat roof this design is unacceptable.

Advantages of a two-pipe heating system:
- even at the design stage, it is provided for the installation of automatic thermostats for heating radiators and, therefore, the ability to regulate the temperature in each room;
- pipes are routed throughout the premises in a special way collector system, which ensures the independence of the circuit devices;
- in other words, the circuit elements in a two-pipe system are connected in parallel, unlike a one-pipe system, where the connection is sequential;
- batteries can be inserted into this system even after assembling the main line, which is impossible with a single-pipe system;
- a two-pipe heating system can be easily extended in the vertical and horizontal directions (if you have to complete the house, you don’t need to change the heating system).


For this system, there is no need to increase the number of sections in the radiators in order to increase the volume of coolants. Errors made at the design stage are easily eliminated. The system is less vulnerable to defrosting.

Disadvantages of a two-pipe heating system:
- more complex circuit connections;
- higher project price (much more pipes are required);
- more labor-intensive installation.
But these shortcomings are very well compensated by winter time when maximum heat accumulation occurs in the house.

Installation of a two-pipe heating system
I. Installation of a heating system from the top horizontal wiring
1. An angle fitting is mounted to the pipe leaving the boiler, which turns the pipe upward.
2. Using tees and angles, mount the top line. Moreover, the tees are attached above the batteries.
3. When the top line is installed, the tees are connected to the top branch pipe of the battery, and a shut-off valve is installed at the junction point.
4. Then install the lower branch of the outlet pipeline. It goes around the perimeter of the house and collects all the pipes coming from the lowest point of the radiators. Typically this branch is mounted at the base level.
5. The free end of the outlet pipe is mounted into the receiving pipe of the boiler; if necessary, a circulation pump is installed in front of the inlet.

Mounted in a similar way closed system with constant pressure maintained by a pressure pump and an open heating system with an open expansion tank at its highest point.

The main inconvenience of a two-pipe heating system with overhead wiring is the installation of an expansion tank outside warm room on ceiling. A heating system with overhead wiring also does not allow for the selection of hot water for technical needs, as well as for combining the expansion tank with the supply tank of the water supply system at home.

II. Installation of a heating system with lower horizontal piping
The bottom-piping system replaced the two-pipe heating system with top-piping. This made it possible to place the open-type expansion tank in a warm room and in an easily accessible place. It also became possible to save some pipes by combining expansion tank and a supply tank for the home water supply system. The compatibility of the two tanks eliminated the need to control the coolant level and made it possible, if necessary, to use hot water directly from the heating system.
In such a scheme, the outlet line remains at the same level, and the supply line is lowered to the level of the outlet line. This improves aesthetics and reduces pipe consumption. But it only works in systems with forced circulation.

Installation sequence:
1. Downward-facing corner fittings are installed on the boiler pipes.
2. At floor level, two lines of pipes are installed along the walls. One line is connected to the supply output of the boiler, and the second to the receiving output.
3. Tees are installed under each battery, connecting the batteries to the pipeline.
4. An expansion tank is installed at the top point of the supply pipe.
5. As in the case of the upper distribution, the free end of the outlet pipe is connected to circulation pump, and the pump - to the inlet of the heating tank.

Maintenance of a two-pipe heating system
For high-quality maintenance of the heating system, it is necessary to implement a whole range of measures, including adjustment, balancing and tuning of the two-pipe heating system. To adjust and balance the system, special pipes are used, located at the highest and lowest points of the heat pipe. Air is released through the upper pipe, and water is supplied or drained through the lower pipe. Using special taps, excess air in the batteries is released. To regulate the pressure in the system, a special container is used, into which air is pumped using a conventional pump. Special regulators, reducing the pressure into a specific battery, adjust the two-pipe heating system. The consequence of pressure redistribution is the equalization of temperatures between the first and last batteries.