Metal stoves for summer cottages. Use of metal stoves for home
Metal stoves are gaining more and more popularity. Why is this happening? Modern heating units are completely different from “potbelly stoves” and primitive products of past centuries. Today people install beautiful, durable and easy-to-maintain stoves with high efficiency in their homes. Metal structures heat up quickly and transfer heat well. Therefore, the demand for such units is increasing every year.
Advantages of metal furnaces
Such heating equipment heats the air in the rooms within half an hour. It is used as the main or additional heat source. If necessary, the equipment can be dismantled and moved to another location. Several decades ago there was no worthy alternative to brick buildings, but now everything has changed.
Metal stoves are associated with reliability and durability
Wood-burning metal stoves for the home have many advantages:
- excellent heat transfer coefficient useful action is 85%. In cast iron products, the temperature of heating surfaces is several times higher than in brick structures;
- compactness – if the room is small, this aspect is extremely relevant;
- safety – if the operating rules are followed, harmful substances exit through the chimney;
- original design– unattractive iron structures have been replaced by ergonomic products, painted with special paint and equipped with a decorative door;
- reliability - basically, a metal stove is made of cast iron, which has excellent performance characteristics.
This is important to know: firewood, peat, and pellets can be used to kindle iron units.
When choosing a suitable unit, you need to pay attention not only to the features of the equipment, but also to the needs of the residents. If the main goal is to heat the premises, preference should be given to heating devices. And when cooking is supposed to happen, the best option are considered heating and cooking devices.
For a summer residence, a metal stove has not only significant advantages, but also disadvantages. Firstly, it cools quickly and cannot accumulate heat. For this reason, constant maintenance of fuel combustion is required. Secondly, with the help of such products it is impossible to create a comfortable temperature in rooms that are too large. Thirdly, the level of fire safety in cast iron/steel units is an order of magnitude lower than in brick structures.
Making a metal stove with your own hands
Range heating equipment is now huge, but many dacha owners prefer homemade products. This is explained by the fact that talented craftsmen bring any idea to life. Fantasy and engineering work in the right direction: you can make a round and square stove, horizontal and vertical. But the choice of a specific design depends on the capabilities and skills of the person.
A “potbelly stove” from a cylinder is a vivid example of the fact that people’s imagination is inexhaustible
Where does the heating unit assembly begin? Naturally, the first step to creating a highly efficient structure is to prepare the necessary materials: sheets of metal with a thickness of at least 8 mm, a grate, pipes with a diameter of 50 cm, rods. You will also need welding machine, corner Grinder, electrodes.
Typical design The heating unit looks like this: body, door of the firebox and ash pan, grate, chimney, screen, cooking hole with lid, legs. The manufacture of the furnace takes place in several stages:
- First, the walls of the housing are welded;
- then the lid, grate, bottom and other elements are welded;
- on final stage Wood-burning metal stoves for summer cottages are equipped with a chimney - a thick-walled steel pipe is used for this purpose.
The drawing shows the structure of a metal stove
This is important to know: installing doors that control draft significantly reduces fuel consumption.
You can make a metal stove with your own hands from scrap materials. These include corners, grates, large flasks, forty-liter cans, and gas cylinders. If you have the appropriate skills, you can build an effective unit. The expenditure of time, effort and money on making homemade products is not too high, but with the right approach to the matter, the result will be noticeable!
Answers to important questions
Making a metal stove yourself is difficult, but quite possible. Many questions arise during the process, so we want to cover the most significant moments.
How to minimize heat loss
Metal – bad battery warm, so cast iron units cool down quickly. But this drawback is easily eliminated if a heating panel is built for a metal stove. This can be done in several stages:
- Arrangement of the foundation - the brick structure is quite heavy, so there must be a solid foundation.
- Masonry building material According to the order, installation of additional elements is carried out - before work, the brick is immersed in water in order to improve adhesion. During work, be sure to use a plumb line and level. Also, for laying bricks, you need to have a trowel, a tape measure, and a pick-hammer on hand.
To line a metal furnace, you need to use refractory bricks and clay-based mortar
This is important to know: if you wish brick screen for a metal stove it is lined with tiles or tiles.
What requirements must a chimney pipe meet?
What requirements must a brick pipe for a metal stove meet? A comprehensive answer to this question is as follows:
- the chimney pipe should not be too high - this nuance is associated with the formation of condensation due to cooling of hot gases;
- the optimal pipe cross-sectional size is 140×140 mm;
- brick pipe it needs to be protected from precipitation - for this it is covered with a special cap;
- at the junction of the pipe and the roof, you need to make an overlap to cover the remaining gap - steel sheets are used for this purpose.
How to build a round stove in a metal case
Once upon a time, such units were very popular because they were practical, inexpensive and safe. To build such furnaces, you need refractory bricks, clay, sand, combustion doors, valves, grates, roofing felt, and roofing steel. The process of arranging such a structure is complex:
- the necessary holes are marked and cut out on the sheets;
- the first drawer of the case is installed on the base;
- the seams are filled with mortar;
- brickwork is being done.
A round stove in a metal case not only heats the room, but also fits harmoniously into the interior
TOP 5 best metal stoves
Self-made heating units are in many ways inferior to factory ones. For this reason, their popularity is falling. If you want to purchase high-quality heating equipment, pay attention to modern products:
- “Meta Amur” is a metal fireplace stove decorated with marbled tiles. Steel structure has many advantages: high heating rate, wear resistance, good thermal power, spacious combustion chamber, compliance with impeccable German technological standards.
The Meta Amur stove saves usable space because it is placed in the corner
- “Nordpeis Casa” is a heating metal stove made of black steel. It contains elegant decorative elements, thanks to which the unit fits perfectly into the interior. The equipment also embodies innovative achievements and interesting solutions.
- "Invicta Attiba" is a steel unit from a famous French manufacturer. The stove has an original design and is made of heat-resistant steel. It is equipped with panoramic glass, through which you can look at the fire and get aesthetic pleasure.
- “Romotop Belo 3S” is a metal stove-fireplace that has a number of advantages: long burning, the presence of a panoramic door and two viewing glasses, economical fuel consumption, centralized air supply, unique design.
- “Nordica Giulietta” is a stove made of high-quality cast iron, painted black. Italian manufacturer paid great attention to the functionality of the unit and appearance. Therefore, this heating equipment is in stable demand.
Metal stoves for summer cottages are available in a wide range, so there is plenty to choose from. But if you want to build the unit yourself, consult with specialists. And even better - entrust this important work to the masters!
Video: theory of wood burning in a metal stove
7 May 2014 
Alexei
The history of the appearance of this unit indicates that each nation has its own design and scope of application. But what they all have in common is the combustion chamber, the chimney, the valve in the pipe and the ash pan.
As for use, depending on this, several types are distinguished, including home stoves made of metal.
Their purpose is to heat a room or cook food, and possibly combine these functions in one unit. How to choose suitable model and what should you pay attention to first? These issues are relevant to everyone, which is why they are discussed in a separate topic.
Getting to know the equipment
A fireplace can not only heat a home, but also make it especially cozy. But the old ones are not efficient enough; they heat only one room in which they are located and it will take several hours to warm it up.
And a completely different matter are metal samples, which within half an hour are capable of heating a room of a significant area. Such a stove can be used as a backup or additional heat source and, if necessary, can be easily dismantled and moved to another location.
A metal stove for home belongs to units long burning and can work for several hours without additional expense fuel. It is divided depending on the material of manufacture into:
- Steel
- Cast iron
And depending on the purpose, they can be only heating or heating and cooking.
Metal and brick construction - differences and general characteristics
Which stove to choose to heat your home? Just a couple of decades ago there was no alternative to brick models. But such equipment has a lot of weight and dimensions, so its installation requires a number of measures.
The most important thing is the arrangement of the foundation. Its depth and power depend on the oven model. Work on its creation is carried out before the walls of the house are erected. Failure to follow the rules can lead to cracks appearing both on the chimney pipe and on the stove itself.
Watch the video why we prefer metal stoves:
But at the same time, the equipment itself has good heat capacity and can long time maintain a comfortable temperature. However, it takes quite a long time to warm up and is also installed in the center of the building, thereby reducing free space.
In the house, a metal stove is most often installed in rooms with a large area, because they emit up to 500 W of heat every hour. Therefore, even in the most severe frosts, they are heated no more than 2 times a day.
But what about those whose house has already been built, and frequent power outages and the lack of a gas main do not allow it to maintain a constantly comfortable temperature. The way out of this situation is to purchase a metal stove for your home.
It heats up very quickly and is capable of quickly creating comfortable conditions in room. Naturally, its power is only enough for one room, but it is assembled very quickly, and the chimney can be led directly into the window.
Of course, these units have low efficiency, but modern models equipped with special heat accumulators, capable of maintaining a comfortable temperature in the room in a prolonged mode. Among them there are long-burning models, in which firewood smolderes for a long period of time, allowing you to heat it no more than twice a day.
When choosing, we focus on the main characteristics
When solving the issue of heating a private home, you should pay attention not only to the features of the stove, but also to the needs of the people living in it. Among the variety of heating equipment, several varieties deserve attention:
- Heating
- Heating and cooking
- Household
- Special purpose
Based on them, a metal stove for the home is selected. For example, for the first, the main function is considered to be heating the room, the second can be used for cooking, and the third is installed not only in residential, but also in utility rooms, bathhouses, garages and greenhouses. Knowing these features, it is easy to make a choice in favor of one of the models.
If space heating is required for country house, then the most important parameter is how quickly the selected furnace will work. A metal unit can successfully cope with this task. It heats up very quickly, which means that in no time your home will become warm and cozy.
If you need a stove not only for heating, but also for cooking, then choose a heating and cooking model. In this case, the required power should be determined in advance and the heat transfer should be calculated. Typically, the calculation is compared not only with the size of the room, but also with the lowest temperatures for a given area.
The moment and location of equipment elements are also taken into account. Each model has different characteristics, which plays an important role when choosing.
Well-known manufacturers, overview of their products
So, what does the market offer us? The range of heating equipment is quite wide; it is divided into foreign expensive and high-quality equipment, as well as local equipment that has a low price and average characteristics. What to choose depends on your income and requirements. We will look at the three most frequently offered brands of domestic products.
Watch the video and consumer reviews of Breneran products:
Breneran furnaces are a cylindrical container surrounded by large diameter pipes. They are able to work for a long period of time from one load of firewood. The diameter of the outlet pipes allows them to be equipped with air ducts to supply heat to adjacent rooms.
The difficulty of operating such equipment is associated with large heat losses when heating several rooms.
Another disadvantage of the stove is the ill-conceived design of it. The location of the branch pipe and tee with the chimney pipe on the rear wall of the unit leads to the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the room from condensate and other substances flowing into the glass with a plug. Therefore, forced exhaust or installation in a specially equipped place is necessary.
The advantages of Breneran stoves include a wide variety of standard sizes for any room size.
Another brand is Professor Butakov ovens. Outwardly, they are more impressive than Breneran, but in terms of operating time they are somewhat inferior. You can heat food on them, but not in smoldering mode, otherwise you will have to wait a very long time for lunch.
The side walls of these oven models can become very hot due to the increased heat load. Therefore, their installation is not allowed in close proximity to flammable surfaces. In addition, this drawback significantly reduces the life of the equipment.
Watch the video, review of Butakov stoves:
Professor Butakov’s line of stoves is available in various standard sizes, which allows you to choose a model for a specific room area. The disadvantages of the equipment include the non-standard diameter of the chimney, which involves the need to connect it using transition elements and accordingly increases the cost.
These furnaces are slow-burning units and have a low flue gas temperature. This feature leads to a rapid increase in soot, which means frequent pipe cleanings.
The location of the unit is allowed no closer than 0.5 m from the wall, which means that its installation will require a significant area.
Conclusion
Choosing heating equipment requires a competent approach. But one fact has remained the same over the years. Whatever advantages the units running on gas or electricity enjoy, they are not autonomous and this is their biggest drawback.
Therefore, only metal or brick drip-type stoves or wood-burning stoves will help create a comfortable environment in the house, regardless of its connection to centralized engineering systems. And this is their main advantage.
The problem of heating a small country house or cabin is usually solved in two ways - installing electric heaters or a metal wood-burning stove. It will cost twice or three times as much to build. The least expensive option is to make a heating stove for your dacha yourself, using ready-made drawings.
Introducing 2 original designs, developed and tested by our expert. The main advantage of heaters is the ability to fully heat 2 adjacent rooms.
Long-burning supercharged stove
The wood-burning stove shown in the drawing consists of the following elements:
- horizontally located firebox with a volume of 50 liters;
- An ash pan equipped with a separate door is welded to the bottom of the firebox;
- vertical secondary chamber with chimney pipe;
- an inclined air channel laid through it;
- the third chamber with heat exchange fins and a heated air outlet pipe.
Note. The furnace in the drawing is shown in section. The method of joining two pipes is arbitrary, the internal passage hole is of square section, measuring 15 x 15 cm.
A fan is installed on the horizontal air pipe Ø100 mm, provided in the vertical part of the stove. A corrugated cable is connected to the outlet fitting of the heat exchange chamber. aluminum pipe, pumping hot air into the adjacent room.
The operating principle of an iron stove is based on intensive heating of the air flow created by a fan. How the heating unit functions:
- Firewood 0.5-0.7 m long burns in the firebox; the amount of supplied air is regulated by the ash pan door.
- Combustion products penetrate into the second chamber, where pyrolysis gases are burned. Plus, heat is transferred to the outer walls and the internal inclined pipe. The spent volatile substances are then released into the street through the chimney.
- The air forced by the fan is preheated in an inclined channel, then enters the main heat exchange chamber located directly above the firebox.
- Having finally warmed up from the internal ribs and the hot arch of the firebox, the air flow exits through the vertical pipe and is directed to the adjacent room.
Homemade stove - a potbelly stove of this design heats the room around it traditional way, and the neighboring one - due to forced air heating. The duration of combustion is ensured by a decent volume of the firebox (50 l), where long thick logs are placed.
A long horizontal firebox allows you to put almost meter-long logs into the potbelly stove The metal stove described above develops a thermal power of about 7 kW, that is, it is capable of heating a cottage, garage or change house with an area of 60-70 m². The potbelly stove is installed inside a larger room, the air pipe is laid in a smaller one.
We select materials
The round body of the stove is made from an old propane cylinder or thin-walled steel pipe diameter 300 x 5 mm. In the second case, the length of the firebox can be increased to 1 meter.
Advice. It is better to find standard 50 liter liquefied gas cylinders; 2 pieces will be used to assemble the stove. Pipe Ø300 with a wall thickness of 5 mm is a non-standard product, you will have to search for a long time. The more affordable option Ø300 x 8 mm will be too heavy.
To make an iron furnace, you will need the following additional materials:
- sheet metal 3 mm thick - for the doors, ash pan and air-heating chamber;
- periodic profile reinforcement (so-called corrugated) Ø10…12 mm - for strengthening the grate;
- a piece of pipe Ø76 x 3 mm, length 0.6-0.7 m;
- trimmings Ø100 mm - for chimney and air pipes;
- metal waste - corners, small channels, corrugated pipes for stove legs.
Installation of factory locks (left) and sealing with graphite-asbestos cord (right) It is easier to buy door locking handles ready-made than to make them yourself. To seal the porches you will need an asbestos cord. Fan – any household model with a capacity of up to 50 m³ of air per hour.
Making a potbelly stove - step-by-step instructions
Using gas cylinders The first operation will be to safely open these vessels. Procedure:
- Open the valve completely and invert the tank to drain as much of the remaining condensate as possible.
- Unscrew the valve with a pipe wrench and fill the cylinder to the top with water.
- Use a grinder to carefully cut off the sidewall, following the factory weld seam as a guide.
Reference. Propane is heavier than air, so it will not erode on its own. The remaining gas is displaced from the vessel only by water; cutting is performed when the tank is full.
In fact, it is not necessary to saw off the lid, since the design does not provide for the installation of an internal grate. You can immediately cut an opening for mounting the door or a side square hole for exit flue gases.
How to make a long-burning stove for a summer residence with your own hands:
- Carry out the preparatory work - cut the grate slits, technological holes for the passage of gases and installation of doors. Saw the second cylinder, adjusting the future secondary chamber to the firebox.
Drawing wood stove- view from above - Weld reinforcements from reinforcement or profile onto the grates, as done in the photo. Otherwise, when heated, the metal will begin to bend.
- Attach an ash pan from metal strips and stove legs, guided by the drawing.
- Make the doors and frame as shown in the picture. Seal the porch with asbestos cord and lay basalt insulation inside.
- Make holes in the vertical body, place a Ø76 mm pipe inside, maintaining an angle of 35...40°. Hermetically seal the ends, join the finished element with a horizontal cylinder.
- Weld several strips of rolled metal scraps on top of the firebox roof - they will serve as the ribs of the air heat exchanger. Make the camera body and attach all the pipes.
- Weld the frame, install the firebox and ash pan doors.
Advice. Do not deviate from the drawing and do not increase the size of the heat exchange cavity - the heating efficiency will decrease. The installation angle of the inclined channel is given approximately; the main thing is to insert the pipe between the side walls and boil it thoroughly.
The pipe for installing the fan does not have to be long (according to the diagram - 20 cm). To prevent the impeller from overheating, it is enough to connect the supercharger through an aluminum corrugated pipe. How to cook a stove yourself, watch the video of our expert:
We placed a review of the operation of the stove in real conditions at the end of the publication - the video talks about heating a 6 x 12 m garage.
Vertical furnace with water circuit
This potbelly stove can operate on wood, coal and briquettes. The unit is made from one 50-liter cylinder installed vertically. Inside the upper part there is a heating chamber with heat exchange fins through which water or air flow can be driven. Let us briefly list the technical characteristics of the stove:
- heated area – up to 40 m²;
- water circuit power – 2 kW (in maximum combustion mode);
- firebox volume – approximately 25 liters;
- The metal thickness of the partitions is 4 mm.
The principle of operation of the furnace is simple: the flame heats the side walls of the unit and the bottom of the upper chamber with welded metal plates. Water is forcibly supplied into the cavity through the pipe or, it takes away heat from the heating surfaces, then it is sent to the heating devices (as an option, homemade registers from smooth pipes).
Clarification. Instead of water, you can blow air through the heating plates - the stove will operate in heat gun mode.
A potbelly stove is suitable for heating 2 rooms of a small country house, workshop or change house. The duration of combustion in the heat maintenance mode is 2...3 hours, depending on the quality and type of fuel. Number of connected heating radiators – 2 pcs. 0.8-1 kW each.
Drawing and operating diagram of a vertical round furnace What to make a country heater from
In addition to a 50 liter propane tank, the following materials will be needed for assembly:
- sheet steel grade St20, thickness 4-5 mm - bottom of the water chamber;
- the same, 3 mm – doors, frames, heat exchanger fins;
- fittings Ø12…16 mm for the grate;
- cuttings of pipes with a diameter of 100 and 32 mm for the manufacture of connecting pipes;
- asbestos cord, fire-resistant basalt fiber.
To connect a water heating system, you can supply pipes Ø32…20 mm with ready-made threads. Before starting work, carefully disassemble the cylinder - remove the gas valve and pour water into the container.
Fins made from iron scraps play an important role - they increase the working surface of the heat exchanger The procedure for conducting assembly work
The manufacture of a potbelly stove begins with opening the cylinder - here you will have to cut off the top part along the existing weld. Then we work according to the instructions:
- Make square holes in the side wall according to the drawing.
- Prepare the stove parts from metal - a round partition Ø30 cm, door frames 80 mm wide and the doors themselves. Attach the frames by welding to the body, as shown in the photo.
- Weld grate bars from the reinforcement, strictly adhering to the internal size of the vessel. Then the grid will fit tightly onto the welding joint without additional supports.
- Hermetically weld 2 threaded fittings to the cut off lid, where the water system lines will subsequently be connected.
- Place the round piece on the end of the cylinder, welding the seam on the side of the firebox. Attach heat exchange plates from scrap metal sheets on top.
- Place the cover with the fittings in its original place, mount the doors and weld the chimney pipe. For beauty, the stove can be painted with a black heat-resistant compound (sold in aerosol packaging).
Reminder. Do not forget to plug the top hole of the tank, where you previously unscrewed the valve.
Install the stove and chimney in accordance with fire safety regulations. Cover any combustible materials near the stove with galvanized sheets. Also maintain a distance of 0.5 m from steel chimney before wooden floor. If used, then the indentation is reduced to 38 cm.
When installing water heating, please note important nuance: without forced circulation the coolant in the heating chamber of the furnace will quickly boil. Connect the batteries in accordance with the diagram, install a dirt filter and a circulation pump on the return line. If you plan to heat the dacha periodically, fill the system with antifreeze.
Scheme for connecting the heating circuit of a potbelly stove to heating radiators Advice. Select a pump for pumping water through 2 radiators with minimum performance, the volume of the expansion tank is up to 5 liters.
Conclusion
A metal homemade potbelly stove is a convenient and relatively inexpensive solution for heating a summer house or temporary shed. The stove looks good in a room with simple decoration, and can be quickly dismantled if necessary. If you need to heat a two-story country house, it is better to use a channel-type brick stove - a “Dutch stove”.
A modern radiator is not always suitable for a private home or cottage, so the best option is metal stoves that you can make yourself. They are small heating equipment that runs on wood.
Making heating systems is not difficult, unlike building a brick kiln, which requires certain skills. You just need to decide on the type of structure to be installed on a wooden floor, consult with a specialist, and also meet some requirements:
- Ability to work with certain tools.
- Understand and read the drawings correctly, since the installation takes place on the basis of the developed diagram. Otherwise, it will simply not be possible to manufacture a heating unit.
- Follow the sequential manufacturing steps.
- Follow safety rules.
- Be able to perform cooking work.
There are several common wood stove designs. Some are effective, others are economical. Let's look at how you can make homemade metal stoves.
Wood stove
This heating design for the cottage and home is the simplest. If necessary, you can prepare a place for a cauldron on the unit. For assembly you will need metal sheets whose thickness exceeds 4 millimeters. This is necessary so that the walls are able to withstand high temperatures. Therefore, the service life of heating equipment depends on the thickness of the metal.
For the pipe you need to prepare a pipe with a diameter of 10 centimeters. You also need to purchase or make your own special grate for firewood. Installation of the structure on a wooden floor is only possible if there are iron corners that will act as reliable legs. Before assembly, you need to find or independently prepare drawings with all the necessary dimensions. You also need to decide on the power of the stove for your garden or country house. You need to mark the sheets of metal and cut out blanks from them, according to the diagram, with your own hands using a grinder. The entire heating system consists of the following parts:
- Three pairs should be cut from the prepared sheet of metal: the top cover and bottom of the unit, the ends, and the side walls.
- At a short distance from the edge of the lid, you need to make a special hole to connect the pipe. It should be about 2.5 centimeters long and 10 centimeters wide. To ensure tightness, it is necessary to carry out cooking work carefully so that the seam is continuous.
- Legs up to 15 centimeters long are welded at the corners of the bottom so that the wood-burning structure can be placed on a wooden or concrete floor.
- On one side of the end wall you need to prepare a hole for the door, and a little lower for the blower.
- WITH inside Small corners are welded to the walls, which are designed to support the grille.
When all the parts are ready, you need to start assembling the structure on the floor for a summer house and a private house. It is imperative to follow the sequence of connecting the workpieces. The firewood grate is installed before the cover is attached. The door is installed last. If you prepare the drawings correctly and assemble the elements step by step, installation will not take much time.
Long burning device
This heating design is unique and effective for a private home. Such heating structures can be installed on a wooden floor. If necessary, you can prepare a place for a cauldron. A wood stove is very economical, since one stove heats the house for a whole day. This is explained by the fact that there is a low concentration of oxygen inside the structure, as a result of which the firewood warms up more slowly, while effectively heating the room.
To assemble the stove with your own hands, you must be able to perform cooking work, as well as prepare following materials:
- A pipe with a diameter of 50 centimeters. For a cottage or country house suitable for home round container.
- Pipe for a pipe with a diameter of 10 centimeters.
- Channel.
- Metal sheets with a thickness of 4 millimeters.
First, you need to cut the pipe or round barrel. After this, you need to cut three circles from a sheet of metal: for the bottom, the lid and the press (with a smaller diameter). In the last circle, you must immediately make a hole with a diameter of 10 centimeters, to which a pipe up to 40 centimeters long is welded to supply fresh air. Then you need to carry out cooking work and attach channels to the pancake. During the fuel combustion process, the press will slowly lower.
At the next stage, you need to weld the floor and make two holes on the side for the vent and door. In the upper part on the side you need to make a hole for the pipe, up to 30 centimeters long. You need to put a grate inside.
After this, the heating system is installed on the wooden floor of the room (cottage or house). The wood-burning stove must be placed vertically and the prepared press must be inserted into it in front of the grate, after which a lid should be placed in the center of which there should be a hole for the pipe welded to the press. The lid is then welded to the base. At the final stage, the blower and door are installed. The heating system is ready for operation.
The principle of operation of a wood-burning stove
It is possible to install the structure directly on a wooden floor. To lay firewood, you need to lift the press as much as possible by the pipe. Therefore, it will be difficult to make a bookmark with your own hands; an assistant is needed. The logs need to be stacked tightly to achieve a low concentration of oxygen, as a result of which the firewood will burn longer, which is very important for a summer house and country house. If you set fire to the lower wood, it will gradually move towards the ash pit, and if the upper wood is set on fire, then towards the grate. In any case, the press will slowly lower.
This heating system is a complex design, but it can significantly save firewood consumption. If you are not sure that you can assemble it yourself heating system For a country house or cottage, you can purchase ready-made metal stoves. Among the huge assortment on modern market you can find a suitable unit, the installation of which on a wooden floor will not cause difficulties.
poluchi-teplo.ru
Every owner own dacha dreams of such an important structure as a metal wood-burning stove. This heat source is made for different purposes: for heating a house or creating temperature in a bathhouse or steam room. Metal stoves for wood-burning cottages must, first of all, meet all safety requirements, operate with maximum efficiency and use a minimum of fuel. Is it possible to make such a design with your own hands or is it better to give preference to ready-made products?
Metal stoves for wood-burning cottages
Metal stoves for summer cottages – what is important to consider?
Before you start creating a metal furnace, you need to take into account the following points:
- Exploitation. Metal stoves are devices that require constant addition of fuel to release heat. As soon as the supply of fuel, that is, firewood, stops, the temperature in the room begins to drop.
- Heating speed. The advantage of metal is its rapid heating. Immediately after wood burning begins, the material begins to release heat into the room. In this plan metal structure much better than brick kilns.
- Safety. Since metal has the ability to get very hot, it is important to install the structure in a place where no one can accidentally catch it. To enhance the effect, special screens made of non-hot materials are installed.
- Cost of equipment. A metal stove is an excellent budget option that you can either make yourself or purchase in a specialized store.
- Heating area. It is important to learn one rule here - the large size of the structure is not always economical, since for good heat transfer the metal needs great amount firewood Therefore, it is better to give preference to compact models.
What is better: making a metal stove yourself or purchasing a factory one? There is no definite answer to this question. If you are able to make such a product, you have necessary tools and have the necessary experience, then it’s better to design it yourself. Otherwise, it is recommended to give preference to factory models, which, although they have a high price, are characterized by quality and excellent appearance.
Read also: Universal heating boilers for private homes
Wood-burning metal stoves are not so popular today, since civilization is gradually reaching everyone, even remote areas. But these units have earned their place of honor in all baths, saunas and garages. Firewood is the most economical type of fuel, but if the stove is not built correctly, its rational use is at risk. Therefore, it is recommended to give preference to long-burning metal wood-burning stoves. What is the principle of their operation? The following points can be highlighted:
- The process of burning wood takes place by consuming a small amount of oxygen. In other words, the fuel slowly smolders, which allows you to save on firewood consumption and also heat the room. There are also models equipped with an additional firebox, which burns carbon monoxide.
- Plays an important role correct styling firewood in such a way that there is as little extra space as possible between the elements. What does this give? The denser the wood is stacked, the longer the smoldering process takes. This helps you save a lot of money.
- Oxygen from the outside is supplied not to the combustion chamber itself, but to the place where the wood is smoldering.
Chimney for metal stove
This product performs an important role - it creates draft and removes all combustion products. What should a high-quality chimney look like? Firstly, it is better to give preference to round chimney models, since in a rectangular model turbulence is formed, which negatively affects the quality of draft. In addition, round products are much easier to clean. Secondly, an ideal pipe is one in which there are no bends or minimal amount. Thirdly, the chimney is installed first, and then the metal stove itself.
So, metal stoves for wood-burning cottages - better solution for heating small rooms. They are economical, practical and economical. We hope that our advice will help you choose the right model for your dacha.
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Every home needs a warm “heart”: how to choose and install a metal wood-burning stove
Small cast iron and steel stoves are installed in temporary buildings, dachas, and small rural houses. Large metal heating units of modern design are placed in spacious residential buildings and cottages.
Homemade iron stoves are simple, but some craftsmen are able to turn homemade devices into real works of art.
Enterprises create dozens of iron stoves, which differ in size, firebox volume, design, appearance and operating modes. When choosing a metal heating device, a number of factors are taken into account:
- region of residence;
- area of the house, number of heated rooms;
- frequency of use of the stove;
- interior design and home owner preferences.
In regions where subzero temperatures last up to 5-6 months a year, requirements for heating devices are increasing, home owners give preference to brick structures. But if in winter the temperature rarely drops below 10 degrees, a metal home heating device is quite suitable for heating your home.
If the owners live permanently in the house, the metal stove must maintain a comfortable temperature for several hours after burning one portion of fuel.
The area of the home and the number of heated rooms also influence the choice of device. If the house consists of spacious rooms, choose a large long-burning stove with good heat transfer. For small houses where there is only a kitchen and a couple of rooms, a medium-power unit is sufficient. If the owners appear in the home only from time to time, you can install a small stove that quickly releases heat.
The choice of device is also influenced by the tastes of the owners of the house. There are iron stoves on sale, decorated in high-tech, baroque, and Provence styles.
Photo 1. A very unusual metal stove, designed in the form of a bucket from a Cat tractor.
Specific examples of choice
Choosing a metal stove begins with determining its installation location. The heating unit is placed against a wall protected by heat-resistant material. Some owners place the device right in the middle large kitchen or rooms.
The wall next to the stove gets hot, so it is protected with heat-resistant material. The screen is made of brick, ceramic tiles, bars and natural stone tiles. The thickness of the screen depends on the degree of heating of the wall.
For a wooden house
For wooden house Wood-burning stoves are more often chosen. To warm up a wooden structure, you do not need such intense heat as for a brick and concrete cottage. Let's consider the choice of a heating and cooking stove for a small log house with an area of up to 50 square meters.
There are hundreds of models of metal stoves on sale from dozens of Russian and foreign factories. Heating and cooking appliances from foreign manufacturers have proven themselves well:
- Konig Feuer;
- Trend;
- Olimp;
- Magnum;
- Thorma;
- Alma Mons;
- Efel;
- Ferlux.
The stoves are made of steel and cast iron and have different design and design.
The combustion chambers are made of cast iron; in all models, the firebox walls have fireclay, vermiculite or other fire-resistant lining. The vermiculite lining of the firebox allows it to heat up to 1200 degrees, fireclay - up to 1300 degrees. Food is cooked on the cooking surface and in the oven.
There are dozens of reliable and high-quality stoves on sale from Russian manufacturers such as Termofor, Ligov, Teplodar, Ermak. The devices have a steel body and duct fireboxes, which allows you to regulate the temperature and consumption of firewood. In many stoves, in addition to the cooking floor, an oven is installed.
All devices have an ash pit covered with a grate and throttles for regulating the air supply. The doors are solid or with a window made of fire-resistant glass.
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For a country house
For country houses and cottages, compact stoves are often chosen. These structures allow you to quickly warm up small rooms and maintain an acceptable temperature for 2-3 hours. If there are no problems with electricity in the village, it is enough to purchase a stove designed only for heating the room.
Photo 2. Buleryan model oven. Hot air passes through curved tubes and the heat lasts longer.
There are compact heating and cooking devices on sale. If the unit is needed solely for heating, small stoves of the “Buleryan”, “Cinderella”, “Vesuvius”, “Student”, “Engineer” models are suitable.
Reference. Enterprises, as a rule, produce dozens of furnaces with the same name, but with different digital codes. Among them there are cooking and cooking-heating appliances.
Schemes of iron wood stoves
There are chamber, channel, pyrolysis stoves and long-burning stoves. They differ in heat transfer, gas circulation, combustion modes, and type of fuel.
Chamber design
It consists of a steel or cast iron body, which has one combustion chamber. To load firewood, the housing has a hatch with a door.
A grate is installed in the lower part of the furnace; under it there is an ash pan (ash pit) and a door for removing ash. A round or square hole for the chimney is cut in the upper part of the casing (top or side).
Channel device
The stove consists of a steel or cast iron body, which contains a firebox, grate, ash pan and door. Inside the firebox there are horizontal channel partitions (from 1 to 3), forming an afterburning chamber. Air enters it through the gaps in the burners or through the regulator (throttle). The camera creates an obstacle for direct output gases into the pipe, air and gases circulate inside the chamber, are burned and give off heat.
Reference. Most iron heating and cooking devices are ducted.
Furnace gases are discharged into the chimney through horizontal pipe. Depending on the throttle adjustment, the stove operates in two modes: long and flaming combustion.
Long burning stoves
Such devices give off heat for up to 6-10 hours. After the wood has ignited, the chamber is filled two-thirds with fuel and the air flow is limited. Smoldering occurs in top layer fuel, for complete decomposition of wood, air is supplied through the regulator. The regulator is located in the upper or middle part of the furnace body. Complete combustion occurs under the vault.
Photo 3. Three models of long-burning stoves from the Termofor manufacturer. The design is the same, only the color of the coating is different.
Making an iron home stove with your own hands
When making a home iron stove great importance has a choice of materials. It is better to take a proven circuit as a sample heating device. Let's consider the process of manufacturing a small duct heating and cooking stove for a country house.
Selection of materials
Home craftsmen often use cast iron as a material. Cast iron plates are well welded by arc welding; this metal is durable and reliable, heats up quickly and can withstand overheating.
Important! Cast iron cannot withstand sudden temperature changes and cracks from splashes cold water.
If the furnace does not overheat to red heat, ordinary steel 8 mm thick will be suitable for the body. This metal will last a long time if it is not subjected to frequent heating to temperatures above 600 degrees.
Factory stoves with a steel body up to 1.5-3 mm thick are made of heat-resistant steel, which is cooked using complex technology that is not available at home.
When arc welding, heat-resistant steel becomes brittle. The problem will be solved by connecting the parts with rivets.
To make fastenings for the door, latch and handle, a steel bar with a diameter of 8-10 mm and sheet steel 3 mm thick are suitable.
Preparing tools and equipment
To work you will need a welding machine, electrodes, a plasma cutter, a hammer, a grinder with a set of discs, a metal pencil, a metal tape measure and ruler, and a piece of chalk. Work is carried out on a table made of non-flammable material or on steel trestles.
Place to build a home oven
The choice of an iron stove is often limited by its weight, since building a foundation is a long and expensive process. Without a foundation, only a small appliance can be installed on a wooden floor.
A sheet is placed on the floor flat slate, asbestos cardboard, ceramic tiles, brick layer, other fire-resistant material.
Iron furnaces weighing 300-400 kilograms or more are installed only on a foundation that is not connected to boards and floor joists.
The most reliable and durable option- a solid foundation made of concrete reinforced with steel lattice. A layer is placed on the concrete ceramic bricks using clay-sand mortar, or natural stone slabs.
Important! It is allowed to install a metal stove only on a level base. The correctness of its laying is checked using a building level.
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Step-by-step manufacturing instructions
Before starting work, prepare materials, equipment, a work table or sawhorses. The process of creating a furnace consists of next stages:
- A steel sheet is placed on the table (or floor) and markings are made on it with a steel pencil.
- The parts are signed with chalk indicating the dimensions.
- The parts are cut out with a plasma cutter.
- The details are cut out round hole for a pipe and a burner hole.
- On the plate, which will be welded to the front of the device, a portal is cut out for the combustion door and the blower door.
- Grate holes are drilled in the plate separating the ash pan.
- The parts are welded together according to the design. Plates forming channels and a grate plate are welded inside the furnace.
- A piece of steel pipe is welded to the hole for the chimney.
- Stands made of steel angle profiles are welded to the bottom of the furnace.
- The holders of the hinges of the combustion door and the blower door, elements of latches and handles are welded to the furnace portal.
- Place the doors on the hinges.
- The surface of the device is cleaned from scale, metal splashes, ground and polished.
- The final finishing of the stove surface is carried out: hot or cold bluing, painting with heat-resistant enamel.
Possible problems and difficulties
For amateur craftsmen, the quality of welding often becomes a problem. In this case, you should seek help from professionals.
Calculating the weight of the stove is also difficult. If the structure turns out to be heavy, you will have to take care of building a foundation.
For stove owners, heating the ceiling becomes an unexpected problem. In this case, a layer of material with low thermal conductivity is attached to it.
A video that at an accelerated pace demonstrates the entire process of making a long-burning stove: from an empty pipe to finished product.
In front of the combustion door, a steel sheet is attached to self-tapping screws, under which a layer of asbestos is placed, or ceramic tiles. The tiles are laid on heat-resistant glue, leaving no gaps.
To avoid getting into the house carbon monoxide, the valves are never completely closed until the end of the combustion process. You cannot use gasoline, acetone, diesel fuel, or alcohol-containing liquids for kindling, since when they ignite, the fire spreads to the room. In factory furnaces, only those materials specified by the manufacturer are used as fuel.
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Review of metal heating stoves
In our age of high technology and new technical solutions, the concepts of many traditional heating devices that have come to us from the past are being revised. These changes also affected wood-burning stoves. It would seem like a simple product made of brick or metal, what else can you come up with? It turned out that it is possible. The “potbelly stoves” that are familiar to us have especially changed, both externally and internally. Now these are modern wood-burning heating stoves, which are very popular due to their low cost.
Metal furnaces
Steel Wood Stove Upgrades
Homemade “potbelly stoves” can now only be found in someone’s garage or in another utility room. These are the same simple stoves direct combustion burned wood at a terrible speed, throwing out the main amount of heat into the chimney. For this reason, people using “potbelly stoves” tried to make the horizontal section of the chimney pipe as long as possible, passing it through the entire room. The goal is to take away maximum heat from combustion products that fly out of a wood-burning stove at a temperature of 400-500ºC.
Nowadays, every modern stove for heating a private home bears little resemblance to a “potbelly stove”, as it is equipped with a decorative protective casing with air holes, or the combustion chamber body is surrounded by air duct pipes. There are reasons for this, the first one is heat surface makes the heater dangerous for residential premises where people and children are constantly present, who can accidentally get burned. In addition, a hot metal surface produces a powerful heat flux that exceeds the norm. The casing receives hard radiation and, heating up, transfers heat to the air of the room.
Due to the introduction of new technical solutions, the designs of wood stoves have also changed. Briefly, the changes are as follows:
- The supply of fresh combustion air into the firebox has become adjustable.
- Several partitions are installed above the combustion chamber, which is why flue gases can no longer fly straight into the chimney. First, they give up their heat, making several moves inside the heater and going around these partitions.
- To increase the service life of their products, many manufacturers line the fireboxes of steel furnaces with refractory bricks.
- Afterburning of the released pyrolysis gases is organized.
- The hob is made of steel or cast iron.
- Some models have heat exchangers installed to heat water for domestic hot water needs.
- An innovative solution has been implemented - a simple wood stove generates electricity.
Overview of types of stoves
At the moment, there are 2 main types of heating wood-burning stoves made of metal:
- classic, direct combustion;
- heating devices long burning.
In devices of the first type, fuel no longer burns as quickly as in a “potbelly stove”, since access to fresh air is limited, and the gases intensively transfer heat to the metal walls. An example would be a wood-burning steel stove for a bathhouse.
The red arrows in the diagram show flue gases making an additional move before escaping into the chimney channel. As a result, their outlet temperature rarely reaches 200ºС, and in some units you can even touch the pipe with your hand directly during operation. This suggests that the bulk of the thermal energy released during combustion hard species fuel remains in the room, and the efficiency of the heaters reaches 70%.
As in modern pyrolysis heating boilers with a water circuit, in some models of stoves slow burning of wood is organized at insufficient quantities oxygen. As a result, pyrolysis gas is formed, which is burned using a point supply of air to the upper zone of the combustion chamber. Shown below is a wood burning gas stove.
An injector is located in the upper zone of the combustion chamber, which ensures the supply of secondary air, as a result of which the pipes - air ducts are evenly heated from top to bottom. Air enters them through the lower openings, passes through curved pipes, heats up in the firebox, and exits into the space of the room. At the same time, wood combustion occurs slowly; one load can be enough for 6-8 hours of continuous operation. Accordingly, the requirements for fuel quality are quite high; firewood can be used with a moisture content of no higher than 25%, otherwise the pyrolysis process will not take place.
In fact, modernized steel furnaces are not much different from boilers in their design and additional functions. The only difference is that the stove uses the phenomenon of convection to heat rooms, heating air rather than water. Nevertheless, a wood heating stove with a water circuit has already appeared, which can be connected to the hot water supply system or to organize small water heating at home.
This is not a traditional water jacket, as in boilers; here the water in the tank is heated from the rear wall of the combustion chamber. In addition, at the top of the product there is a hob for cooking. For more complete heat transfer, a partition is installed under the hob and the flue gases have to go around it, making a second additional move.
Newly developed steel furnaces
The unit deserves special attention, which, like a bell-type heating stove for a brick cottage, uses the principle of free convective movement of flue gases through channels, right up to the chimney itself.
Steel bell furnace
This oven is more efficient than its “brothers”; instead of a hob, it has an open-type oven located directly above the hood. Even when the firebox is extinguished, food left in the oven niche will for a long time won't cool down. Well, the door of the main firebox, through which firewood is loaded, opens to 140º and is equipped with large fireproof glass and resembles a heating fireplace.
The line of portable direct combustion units is of considerable interest Russian manufacturer TERMOFOR. One of them is the small-sized wood-burning heating and cooking stove Cinderella. With its modest dimensions of 465 x 300 x 460 mm and a weight of 27 kg, it has a thermal power of 4 kW and can heat a room of up to 50 m2. This heater can safely be considered portable and can be used in almost any conditions, although its remarkable appearance allows the stove to be placed in a residential building.
Cinderella oven
Another original product from the same line is the Indigirka wood-burning heating and cooking stove. If you have never charged your cellular telephone from a wood stove, then Indigirka will help you. It has a built-in block - an electricity generator, which literally immediately after kindling produces a voltage of 12 V and has a power of up to 75 W.
Oven Indigidka
Thanks to their updates, once simple wood-burning stoves for a summer house or garage have turned into serious heating units used to heat residential and any other premises. At the same time, they remained very attractive due to their low cost and small volume. installation work on their installation.
Wood stoves for heating a private home have always been the most popular, since this type of fuel is today the most affordable in many regions of the country. In addition, many homeowners simply cannot imagine country life without logs burning in the firebox of the stove with their crackling and forest aroma. In addition, firewood is the cleanest natural fuel material from an environmental point of view, which is also not the last thing when choosing a heating device.
Another, often forced reason for the popularity of wood-burning heating appliances is the lack of gas supply, and summer cottages Sometimes there are power outages. Other types of fuel, for example, diesel coal, are quite troublesome to purchase and store.
Today there is a wide variety of cast iron stoves on sale, which are quite compact in size and often original. design decoration. If desired, you can find the simplest, most affordable model, or opt for more expensive made in a certain style.
In addition to cast iron stoves, brick stoves are often installed in country houses “the old fashioned way”. Despite the presence of other, more modern heating devices and types of fuel, from traditional ovens Many owners of private houses are in no hurry to refuse.
Criteria for choosing a heating device
When choosing a cast-iron or brick stove for a particular home, it is important to pay attention not only to its external design, but also to the main technical and operational characteristics.
- The size of the appliance is the first thing people pay attention to, since if the area of the house is small, not every stove will be suitable for it in this particular parameter.
- Before choosing a specific model, you must determine a specific place in the house for it. This is necessary in order to select the location of the pipe. If a cast iron version of the stove is purchased, then the outlet pipe can be located on the top or rear panel of the device. The chimney pipe, passing through the attic floor and roof structure, should not bump into a beam or rafter leg.
- The third thing you need draw attention- this is the thermal power of the heating device, that is, what heated area the stove is designed for.
- It is important to have additional elements in the design of the stove, such as a hob, a tank for heating water and an oven.
- The size and material of the fuel door also sometimes play an important role, since thanks to these elements a modern stove can very well become a fireplace.
Stoves are produced with cast iron doors, which, when heated in the same way as the walls, release heat into the room. Another option would be a wide glass door, which you don’t even need to open to enjoy the view of the burning flame. Such models will be especially useful in country houses where the power supply is often cut off. In the evening, a stove with a glass door will not only heat the house, but will also illuminate one of the rooms to a certain extent.
Steel and cast iron stoves
If earlier metal potbelly stoves were mainly made independently from scrap materials, today in specialized stores cast iron the oven can be found for every taste - these can be the simplest devices, long-burning units, and even with a built-in water circuit. What each option is - you need to understand in more detail using specific examples.
A stove with a simple firebox structure
Steel stove "Gnome"
The most affordable option For a country house there is a fairly popular stove-stove “Gnome”, which can be heated with wood or briquettes. Such a heating device is capable of heating a house with a room volume of up to 85 ÷ 95 m³.
One of the simplest metal stoves is the “gnome”
Several modifications of this device are made. Some of them have removable burners, others have a solid panel. The stove itself consists of two chambers - a combustion chamber and a blower chamber, and some Gnome models have steel doors, while others have glass doors, and the ash pan is made in the form of a drawer.
Approximate drawings of the “gnome”
The walls of the heating device, as well as the grate, are made of high quality steel. The outside of the housing is covered with heat-resistant paint, which protects the metal from corrosion. The compact size of the stove allows it to be used in even small spaces.
An important point is that there is no need to build a foundation for such a potbelly stove - even a wooden floor can easily support it if, for fire safety purposes, a 5 mm metal sheet is laid on it or an asbestos sheet is laid on it.
The stove is designed for vertical connection to the chimney pipe.
The table shows some technical characteristics of the Gnome:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal power | 5 kW |
| Hob | Without burners |
| Chimney diameter | 110 mm |
| Structure height | 656 mm |
| Width | 304 mm |
| Firebox depth | 475 mm |
| Device weight | 30 kg |
The disadvantage of stoves with a simple firebox structure is that the heated air immediately goes into the pipe, became Perhaps the steel case does not retain heat for a long time and cools down quite quickly. Therefore, in order to maintain heat in the room, you will have to heat it almost constantly, especially if the house is poorly insulated and the winter temperature outside is low. By purchasing this stove, you will not be able to save on fuel.
Prices for popular stoves
potbelly stove gnome
The “Gnome” with a simple firebox structure is best suited for a country house used from spring to autumn, since its power is quite enough to cook food, warm water, and heat the house on cold nights.
Cast iron stove
A more practical version of a potbelly stove with a simple firebox structure is a cast iron design.
The main advantage lies precisely in the material of manufacture. Cast iron heats up quickly and retains heat for a very long time, releasing it into the room. At absolutely small sizes this unit is capable of heating a room of 90 ÷ 120 m³.
The furnace body is equipped with ribbed side walls, which increases the heated surface area, and therefore the overall heat transfer. The weight of a cast iron device is much greater than that made of steel - two, or even two and a half times, therefore a rigid, reliable and heat-resistant base must be prepared for its installation.
The parameters of such a stove are presented in table:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal power | 6.5 kW |
| Hob | with one burner |
| Chimney diameter | 110 mm |
| Structure height | 560 mm |
| Width | 352 mm |
| Firebox depth | 540 mm |
| Device weight | 75 kg |
Stoves with water heating circuit
This metal stove is more versatile than the first option, since it has a water circuit, with which you can heat several rooms of a fairly large area. But for this have to Stretch pipes to the appropriate areas of the room and install radiators.
The heating system is connected to the water circuit of the furnace and filled with coolant. When the furnace is fired, water circulates in the circuit, passing through the radiators, heating them, and they, in turn, give off heat to the rooms. Sometimes, with a large circuit length, special ones are built into the system, which gives the coolant the necessary pressure. This circulation system is called forced circulation, and it is more efficient because it heats the premises much faster.
For some furnace models, an external pump is not necessary, since they have built-in automation that helps maintain the desired temperature in the circuit. When the coolant heats up to the set temperature, the automation stops circulation, and when it cools down, it restarts its movement through the heat exchanger built into the furnace.
Prices for popular furnaces with a water circuit
Furnaces with water circuit
The firebox in this stove, as a rule, has a design designed for long-term burning - this allows you to make a large load of firewood and not approach the device for a fairly long time. since not only the firewood itself will burn, but also combustion products that rise to the upper section of the fuel chamber. Thanks to this system, the combustion of solid fuel does not occur intensively, so one bookmark is enough for a long time, so as to completely heat the house.
The Pechora-Aqua fireplace stove, made in Belarus, has a built-in water circuit and a long-burning design.
The firebox of the device is made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 4 mm. In addition, the fuel chamber is lined from the inside with fireclay plates, which protect the metal from burning, which increases the service life of the device. All connections of individual elements into one structure are sealed with a heat-resistant cord, which prevents heat leakage through the joints.
Diagram and dimensions of the stove - fireplace "Pechora-Aqua"
Heat-resistant glass is installed on the furnace firebox, which can withstand temperatures of 650 ÷ 700 degrees, but the handle installed in the door does not heat up to a level that can cause skin burns.
In these devices, as well as in models with a water circuit, stepwise combustion of fuel is carried out, so the rooms will be heated much longer than when installing a stove with a simple firebox design.
The first heat transfer occurs directly during the combustion of firewood placed in the stove. A special mode of dosed oxygen supply only causes wood to smolder with the release of pyrolysis gases from it. These gases include hot hydrocarbon components, which are burned in the second chamber - this is where the most intense release of useful heat occurs.
Prices for long-burning stoves
long burning stoves
The special design of the device, a well-thought-out system for supplying air, passing and burning hot combustion products, allows one load of firewood to heat the room for nine - twelve hours.
Long-burning stove-fireplace "Volga"
As an example, you can consider the domestic Volga fireplace stove, which has a large combustion chamber and a retractable ash pan. The oven is equipped with a glass door and transparent windows permanently installed around it, which expands the view of the flame burning inside the oven.
Dimensions and layout of the Volga fireplace stove
In the lower part of the stove design there is a niche for drying and storing firewood, and in the upper part there is a panel for heating coffee or tea.
Despite its compact size, it has fairly high technical performance:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal power | 9 kW |
| Hob | absent |
| Chimney diameter | 150 mm |
| Structure height | 1022 mm |
| Width | 550 mm |
| Firebox depth | 490 mm |
| Device weight | 155 kg |
| Efficiency | Up to 85% |
Heating and cooking metal furnace
Speaking of metal wood stoves, it is impossible not to mention heating and cooking models, since they fully provide a private home with heat and the ability to cook food. These devices are produced both with and without a water circuit.
Visually assessing this option, you can understand that the stove is quite compact and aesthetically pleasing, thanks to the design and color scheme developed for it. It will fit perfectly into the interior of the kitchen and bring it special style comfort and home warmth.
The stove is multifunctional, so it will solve many problems in a private home. Since it is equipped with an oven, it is possible to bake a pie or bread, or prepare stews. A hob will perfectly replace a gas or electric one - it will never let you down if you have a good supply of firewood. will work autonomously, regardless of whether there is electricity or it is turned off for some reason.
As an example of a heating and cooking option, you can consider the La Nordica stove shown in the photo.
This heating device has a built-in water circuit in its design, so it can easily heat not only one room, but the entire house. In addition, the stove is equipped with a pyrolysis afterburning chamber, which will allow you to use one load of firewood for 8 ÷ 12 hours. The installation of fireclay slabs on the walls of the furnace also helps to retain heat inside the housing - when they heat up, they will also give off thermal energy to the heat exchanger. which means it is good to heat a house with a volume of up to 440 m³.
The design also includes a niche for drying firewood. Having placed one batch of fuel in the firebox, the niche can be immediately filled with firewood brought from the street woodpile. While the fuel burning in the stove will heat the house for half a day, the next batch will dry and be prepared for the next batch.
The technical characteristics of this heating and cooking stove are in the table:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal power of the firebox | 15.5 ÷ 19.4 kW |
| Water heating power | 9 ÷ 11 kW |
| Heating power | 6.5 ÷ 8.5 kW |
| Hob | Equipped with one burner |
| Chimney diameter | 150 mm |
| Structure height | 852 mm |
| Width | 1017 mm |
| Firebox depth | 662 mm |
| Device weight | 155 kg |
| Efficiency | Up to 79 ÷ 80% |
| Heat exchanger volume | 14 liters |
| Operating temperature of the coolant entering the circuit. | 70 ÷ 75 degrees |
| Firebox size | 265 × 285 × 400 mm |
| Oven size | 330×300×410 mm |
| Door size | 220×265 mm |
The stove body is finished with ceramic tiles, but there are models with natural stone trim. The device itself is made of high-quality steel, and the frame and heat exchanger plates are made of cast iron.
The design of this furnace provides for adjustment of primary and secondary air.
Video - Installation of the Bavaria stove-fireplace
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Brick kilns
Brick kilns have not lost their popularity over the centuries. IN Lately appeared a large number of various models that are designed for heating rooms of various sizes. As an example, several options will be considered.
Oven "Baby"
This stove model is perfect for a private country house. Its author, V. Atamas, completed the laying of this “baby” in just one day. Despite its small dimensions, the stove will not only be able to heat the room, but will also make it possible to cook lunch or warm water, as it is equipped with a single-burner hob. Its important advantage is that, without taking up big place, gives off quite a lot of heat to the room, which allows you to warm up the house in a short time.
Despite its small size, the “baby” has good functionality
An important point in the process of constructing the “baby” is that after the completion of the masonry, one brick is removed from its rear wall from the very bottom row. Through the resulting gap from inside the building, the mortar and moisture that have fallen to the bottom of the furnace are removed, and after that the brick is installed in place.
Folded "baby"
Having built the stove, a metal sheet is laid in front of its firebox, which should lie on the bricks of the building up to the blower door - for this the sheet will need to be bent. On all other sides, the stove is covered with plinth. All these measures are taken to ensure that when the solution dries and the pressure of the entire body is applied to its lower layer, sand does not spill out of it.
After this, a test fire is carried out with straw or paper. Next, the oven needs to be dried thoroughly by opening all the valves and doors - this process takes place within 7–8 days.
It is recommended to whitewash the stove immediately, since whitewashing will become an indicator of smoke, which can seep through the seams if they are not done well. Black stripes will appear on the white surface, stretching upward from the seam. If such manifestations occur, the seam in this place will need to be cleaned and carefully re-sealed.
Full plastering and decorative finishing are carried out after using the stove for two to three months.
Baby cuts
The “baby” chimney can be connected to an already built main pipe if the house already has another stove. If it is absent, the pipe will have to be completely laid out of brick and routed through the attic floor and roof. Another option would be an embedded metal pipe that can be run through the roof or wall.
Characteristics of the “baby” stove:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal output | 1210 W |
| Hob | single burner |
| Chimney passage size | 100×100 mm |
| Height of structure to pipe | 725 mm |
| Width | 505 mm |
| Firebox depth | 737 mm |
| Oven weight | 360 ÷ 370 kg |
| Efficiency | up to 70 ÷ 75% |
To build the “baby” you need to prepare the following materials:
| Item name | Size in mm | Quantity per piece |
|---|---|---|
| Red brick | - | 62 |
| Fireclay brick SHA-8 | - | 37 |
| Cast iron fire door | 210×250 | 1 |
| Cast iron ash door | 140×140 | 1 |
| 350×200 | 1 | |
| 410×340 | 1 | |
| Chimney damper | 130×250 | 1 |
| 500×700 | 1 |
Some craftsmen modernize the “baby” by adding additional useful elements to the design, for example, a water heating tank or an oven.
“Baby”, supplemented with a water heating tank
Oven "Krokha"
Another option for a compact stove for a private residential building is the “crumb” stove, which can become good help not only in the countryside summer period, but also in winter.
Oven "crumb" - great option for tight spaces
Unfortunately, damp and cold weather can occur not only in the spring and autumn at the dacha, but also in the summer it is not uncommon. That's when the oven becomes an indispensable assistant, which will not allow dampness to penetrate into the premises of the house, will create comfortable conditions in order to wait out the rainy period.
The “crumb” stove is often called a “simple” stove, since it does not have complex design, and it is quite possible to try to build it, even if you have no experience as a mason. It won't take up much space, but will bring great benefits.
The designer of this stove is A. Sushkov, who decided to combine compactness and functionality in it. Therefore, the “baby” is suitable not only for a summer house, but also for a house used for living all year round, as an additional heating device. Of course, you can heat with one such stove large area it won't work, but two small rooms it will heat easily, as it is designed for 19 ÷ 20 sq. m. area of the house.
“Krokha” has the following technical characteristics:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Thermal output with a disposable firebox | 1760 W |
| With a three-time fire | 2940 W |
| Hob | single burner |
| Chimney passage size | 100×100 mm |
| Height of structure to pipe | 2030 mm |
| Width and length at base | 640×770 mm or 3×2.5 bricks |
| Firebox depth | 746 mm |
| Oven weight | 1260 ÷ 1280 kg |
| Efficiency | Up to 70 ÷ 75% |
When burning the stove, its lower section warms up well, and the upper part, the “hood,” slows down the cooling of the stove. In addition, the design has a “summer” stroke, which facilitates kindling and allows you to use the stove for cooking without heating the room.
The stove is designed in three versions, but the third, improved one, is used most often.
Basic scheme of the improved “crumbs”
In this version of the stove, the hob and combustion chamber are located on one side of the building - at the end. The firebox is lined with fireclay fire-resistant bricks, which guarantees longevity operation of the furnace without repair. In addition, this type of laying allows you to use peat, briquettes, and even add coal as fuel, in addition to firewood.
You may be interested in information about how to build
The bottom row under the slab is made to protrude by 30 mm. It is laid out along the entire perimeter of the building - it seems to divide the furnace into two parts - fuel and air-gas. At the top there are channels through which heated air circulates.
This version of the “crumbs” is equipped with a door with fireproof glass, which allows the stove to be used as a fireplace - this is especially convenient if the house has a small area and it is impossible to install a massive structure of a full-fledged stove-fireplace in it.
To lay the “crumb” stove, you need to prepare the following elements and materials:
| Item name | Size in mm | Quantity per piece |
|---|---|---|
| - | 352 | |
| - including figured (rounded) | - | 124 |
| Fireclay brick SHA-8 | - | 21 |
| Glass combustion door in a cast iron frame (DP-308-1S) | 210×250 | 1 |
| Cast iron ash door | 140×140 | 1 |
| Cast iron grate | 350×250 | 1 |
| Single burner cast iron stove | 410×340 | 1 |
| Chimney damper | 130×250 | 1 |
| Metal sheet for flooring in front of the firebox | 500×700 | 1 |
| Steel corner | 40×40×5×520 | 4 |
The design and arrangement of another, completely miniature heating stove - in the presented video:
Video: small-sized heating brick stove
Stove "Swedish"
The “Swedish” can be called the most favorite option for installation, since it is equipped not only with a hob, but also with an oven. Having such a design, the necessary fuel supply for it and necessary products, you can spend the winter, as they say, without even leaving home - the oven will both feed and warm you.
Swedish stoves are characterized by increased versatility
The presented Swedish stove is designed to heat a house area of 45 m². Its main characteristics are in the table:
| Name of characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Heat output with double firing | 4600 W |
| Hob | Two-burner or without burners |
| Chimney passage size | 100×250 mm |
| Height of structure to pipe | 2017 mm |
| Width and length at base | 1280×890 mm or 3.5×5 bricks |
| Firebox depth | 500 mm |
| Oven weight | 2900 ÷ 2920 kg |
| Efficiency | up to 70 ÷ 75% |
Lining fireclay bricks is carried out around the oven and fuel chamber, but it is not connected to the main walls of the oven. “Dry” seams are arranged to allow materials to expand due to temperature changes. The opening of the cooking chamber can be made in the form of an arch or have a rectangular shape - this will depend on the desire of the master, since this element does not play a big role in the efficiency of the heating device. The arched design of the chamber is more complex, and to build it you will need a special wooden template and 17 bricks, which are given a special shape.
Swede stove diagram
To build this version of the “Swedish” you need to prepare:
| Item name | Size in mm | Quantity per piece |
|---|---|---|
| Red brick (without chimney) | - | 755 |
| Fireclay brick SHA-8 | - | 63 |
| Cast iron fire door or equipped with fire-resistant glass DTG-3 “Kami” | 210×250 | 1 |
| Cast iron ash door | 140×250 | 1 |
| Cast iron cleaning door | 140×140 | 5 |
| Cast iron grate | 252×250 | 1 |
| Cast iron stove without burners or with two burners | 410×710 | 1 |
| Oven | 310×262×500 | 1 |
| Chimney dampers: | ||
| - “summer mode” | 130×250 | 1 |
| - cooking chamber | 130×130 | 1 |
| - stove chimney | 130×250 | 1 |
| Metal sheet for flooring in front of the firebox | 500×700 | 1 |
| Steel corner | 40×40×4×880 | 2 |
In any case, if preference is given to brick heating plant, then you should strictly follow the recommendations for its laying, and also strictly follow the “order” diagram, which will need to be found specifically for the selected stove model.