Prevention of infertility in women - a reminder. Female infertility

The joy of motherhood is one of the most important needs of every woman, inherent in nature itself. But according to global medical statistics, about 15% of all married couples, for one reason or another, are faced with the inability to have children. The reason for this can be both female and male infertility, but most often, in more than 60% of cases, the reason lies in problems of the female body. Female infertility can be caused by a number of diseases and disorders; according to the world organization, there are 22 causes of this problem.

Factors of infertility

The main factors of female infertility include:

1. Hormonal imbalance in the female body. Signs of hormonal disorders are, first of all, disruptions in the menstrual cycle. Irregularity, delays or irregular menstruation may indicate that the ovaries are not fully performing their functions and there are problems in egg maturation. Accordingly, with such disorders, the likelihood or even the possibility of conception is reduced. Very often, hormonal imbalance is caused by polycystic disease or ovarian cyst, as well as some other neuroendocrine disorders related to the nervous and hormonal system.

2. Pathological changes in the fallopian tubes are the cause of almost half of all cases of female infertility. Obstruction of the fallopian tubes can have congenital causes, developmental abnormalities, and be a consequence of past diseases. Infectious diseases of the female organs can cause the formation of adhesions that leave too narrow a gap for sperm to pass through, thus fertilization cannot occur due to the fact that the egg and sperm are not able to unite.

3. Inflammatory diseases of the female genital area. Inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes and appendages can be caused by hypothermia, fungal and sexually transmitted infections. Often such diseases are sluggish and indistinct in nature, after some time they become chronic or advanced, thereby interfering with the normal functioning of the woman’s reproductive system.

4. Consequences of injuries and abortions. There are cases when women receive injuries to the uterus during labor and secondary female infertility appears against this background. Abortion is a very common cause of disruption of the integrity of the walls of the uterus and, as a result, causes female infertility or the inability to bear a fetus. The consequences of abortion can be irreversible and fatal.

5. Neoplasms and tumors of female organs. The uterine factor of female infertility is caused by various changes and tumor-like neoplasms, such as fibroids, fibroids, and polyps. Doctors do not name the exact cause of such problems; they only advise regular gynecological examinations in order to diagnose such diseases in a timely manner.

6. Endocrine diseases are one of the common causes of female infertility. If the functioning of the adrenal glands, thyroid, or pancreas is disrupted, disruptions in the general and local hormonal levels of the body are likely, which leads to the impossibility of ovulation. Also, endocrine disorders often cause disruptions and irregularities in the menstrual cycle.

7. Metabolic disorders. Despite the apparent distance from the functions of the female reproductive system, serious metabolic disorders affect all systems and organs. Obesity is not only an aesthetic problem, it is also a serious pathology of the entire body, including the female genital organs.

8. Congenital anomalies of the genital organs are caused by hereditary factors, genetic disorders, exposure to poor ecology, and radiation. Pathologies such as a child’s uterus, anomalies in the development of the ovaries and fallopian tubes are practically a death sentence for infertility for a woman.

9. Chronic fatigue, overwork, stress. Modern life with a very tense rhythm and high nervous and emotional overload has a negative impact on the female body. Overwork, insufficient rest and sleep, the inability to relieve tension and relax lead to infertility and a number of different diseases.

10. The immunological factor of female infertility is the immune incompatibility of female and male genes. Simply put, the female immune system perceives male cells (sperm) as an aggressive factor and produces antigens, thereby compromising their integrity and viability or preventing them from entering the zone of conception.

To the above factors of female infertility, one can add another group of unknown causes. This factor is observed in married couples who, after undergoing a comprehensive medical examination, turn out to be absolutely healthy, but, nevertheless, pregnancy does not occur. In such cases, the cause of infertility may lie in the psychological problems of one of the partners. Female infertility caused by psychological reasons may be dictated by a subconscious fear of motherhood or a deep attitude towards reluctance to have children in a previous period of life.

Prevention of female infertility

Preventive measures for female infertility include, first of all, timely treatment of inflammatory diseases and regular visits to the gynecologist. One examination by a gynecologist every few months can eliminate a lot of possible problems in the future. After all, a timely diagnosed disease and disruption of the functionality of the reproductive system will lead to serious consequences and complications in the future. In addition, preventive measures should include:

- compliance with basic hygiene rules;

Constancy in sexual relations;

Healthy lifestyle, giving up bad habits;

Properly balanced nutrition;

Moderate physical activity;

Adequate rest and sleep;

Avoiding stress and emotional overload;

Clothing appropriate for the season, avoiding hypothermia, especially the legs and pelvic area;

Qualified selection of contraceptives with prior consultation with a gynecologist;

Weight control and adequate intake of vitamins, micro- and macroelements.

Of course, a person cannot insure against all diseases, but we are quite capable of eliminating the threat and reducing the danger of many diseases. Prevention of female infertility is, first of all, taking care of your health, avoiding risk factors and regularly visiting a doctor.

Every year, millions of people suffer from infertility, but few people know that there is infertility prevention - a set of simple methods that can prevent the development of infertility. Having some knowledge and following certain recommendations, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing infertility.

Infertility and safe sex

Avoid sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Use barrier methods of contraception (). Remember that promiscuity increases the risk of STDs, including HIV/AIDS, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, herpes, trichomoniasis, etc. Some STDs (especially untreated ones) can cause permanent damage to the reproductive organs and lead to infertility. If you suspect the presence of an STD, you must undergo an examination and, if the pathology is confirmed, begin treatment immediately.

Condoms can protect against sexually transmitted infections. Make sure you know how to properly store and use condoms.

Infertility and the nature of sexual life

Some couples assume that the more often they have sexual intercourse, the faster pregnancy will occur. However, this is not true. The fact is that for effective conception you need high-quality sperm. The interval between sexual intercourse should be at least 36-48 hours, especially during the ovulatory period. Position during intercourse does not play a role in the likelihood of conception.

Infertility and age

Aging is a very important link in the development of female infertility - age is the most important factor affecting a woman's fertility. As age increases, male fertility also decreases (the process proceeds more slowly than in women). Pregnancy rates begin to decline between the ages of 32 and 34 and continue to decline progressively until premenopause. Around age 40, the pregnancy rate is only 5-10%. Each woman is born with a certain number of eggs (ovarian reserve), so as reproductive age increases, the number of eggs decreases. In addition, with age, natural aging of germ cells occurs (thickening of the egg shell, increase in the frequency of mutations). The decline in fertility is observed to a much greater extent after 40 years. It should be taken into account that women over 35 years of age are more likely to have multiple sexual partners, which increases the risk of infection. The age factor is also important for a number of diseases and conditions, such as menstrual dysfunction, hormonal imbalance, endometriosis, PCOS, uterine polyps and fibroids.

Infertility and smoking

It is strongly recommended to avoid the use of tobacco and marijuana, which reduce fertility, especially by reducing male fertility (decreased sperm count). Smoking may be associated with decreased sperm quality and quantity and impaired sperm motility. In women, smoking increases the risk of spontaneous abortion (see).

Infertility and alcohol

Alcohol (especially heavy drinking or chronic abuse) affects the fertility of men and women trying to get pregnant naturally or through various fertility treatments. Alcohol is toxic to sperm; under the influence of alcohol, the number of sperm decreases, various erectile dysfunction develops, hormonal imbalances in the body change, and the frequency of miscarriages increases.
Excessive alcohol consumption has a detrimental effect on the quality of sperm and eggs.

Infertility and weight

It is well known that weight gain (overweight and/or overweight) can have a negative impact on fertility. , in some cases, is a factor provoking the development of diabetes. Impaired glucose utilization processes in the body can affect ejaculation, sperm production, ovulation, the incidence of miscarriages and fetal malformations. Lack of weight is also an important factor in reducing the body's ability to conceive (lack of sex hormones, anovulation, etc.). Poor nutrition leads to changes in proteins in the brain, as a result of which the process of transmission of the corresponding nerve impulses necessary for normal ovulation is disrupted.
A balanced diet includes carbohydrates, proteins and fiber. For women, it is important to have a sufficient amount of folic acid in the body, which is found in green leafy vegetables, fruits, grains, but is also available in tablet form. Adequate levels of folic acid are especially important during conception (reducing the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus).
A balanced diet reduces the likelihood of hormonal disorders in both men and women.

Infertility and caffeine

For many people, the morning begins with a cup of aromatic coffee. If you are planning a pregnancy, it is better to limit your caffeine intake (see). The daily amount of caffeine should not exceed 200-250 mg of caffeine per day (one or two cups of coffee).

Infertility and excessive exercise

A healthy lifestyle and regular exercise are necessary for the health of the body, but any abuse can disrupt the function of the reproductive system. Excessive exercise can lead to menstrual irregularities in women (irregular menstruation, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, menstrual bleeding, etc.) and affect sperm production in men (genital heat factor).
It is important to note that inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle lead to obesity, which can potentially affect fertility.

Infertility and safe contraception

Infertility and medications

Millions of people use thousands of medications without knowing that some medications can reduce fertility levels. Calcium channel blockers used for high blood pressure and medications used to treat arthritis may reduce fertility. Cancer treatments (such as chemotherapy, surgery, and/or radiation therapy) may cause infertility or damage to the genetic makeup of the germ cells. In men, taking antidepressants is often accompanied by erectile dysfunction. In addition, antidepressants can affect the hormonal balance in the body. There is evidence that antidepressants affect the qualitative and quantitative indicators of spermogram.

If you are planning a pregnancy, carefully read the instructions for your medications and, if possible, avoid taking medications that reduce fertility.

One option to protect yourself from future infertility if you are being treated with medications that may affect your ability to conceive in the future is cryopreservation of biological material, followed by in vitro fertilization.

The possibility of freezing biological material should also be considered if you are planning a pregnancy in adulthood (see).

Infertility, both male and female, has many causes. But today we will not consider reasons that a person cannot influence on his own.

In cases where a doctor’s intervention is necessary, one can only rely on the development of medicine and strictly follow the doctor’s orders. Let's pay attention to what is under our control. On our way of life, on what we should do and what we shouldn’t do.

Don't miss the time

Age-related causes of infertility are more important for women than for men, but men should not forget that a man’s fertility seriously declines with age. The best strategy here is to get pregnant as early as possible. In any case, do not postpone your planned pregnancy until later. A woman’s body is designed in such a way that after a certain period, each year significantly reduces the chances of getting pregnant. So, for example, if for women under 30 the risk of miscarriage is less than 10%, then for 30-39 year olds it increases to 17%, and with reaching 40 years of age it increases to 33%. This phenomenon is associated not only with age-related changes in the entire female body, but also with a decrease in the quality of the eggs themselves and disturbances in the energy exchange of the embryo, as a result of which the conception of a fetus with gross genetic defects occurs much more often than at a younger age.

Watch your own weight

There are also some differences between men and women here. If excess weight is the most dangerous for men, then for women both excessive thinness and obesity are the cause of impaired fertility. Women initially have a higher ratio of fat mass to body weight, and losing some of this mass can lead to decreased reproductive function. The fact is that although most of the estrogen in the female body is produced by the ovaries, some is still produced in adipose tissue. Reduced fat content in the female body often leads to menstrual irregularities and other disruptions in the endocrine system. So be less fanatical in your training, don’t exhaust yourself.

Eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia), fanatical adherence to strict diets and other unreasonable dietary restrictions can also cause great harm. In addition to harm to the entire body due to a lack of micro and macroelements, they lead to an imbalance of estrogen, and as a result, problems with fertility. Excess weight is equally harmful to both sexes. A man with excess fat tissue is almost guaranteed to have problems with the balance of testosterone and estrogen. The reason lies in the fact that part of the estrogen in the male body is synthesized in adipose tissue from testosterone. And the more obese a man is, the more his body will be exposed to the excessive negative effects of female sex hormones and experience a lack of male hormones.

In the female body, excess weight triggers a whole chain of negative phenomena. Due to the increased amount of adipose tissue, a large amount of estrogens are produced, which begin to block progesterones (the most important hormones for pregnancy). As a result, the egg may not mature. Also, excess estrogen signals the pituitary gland to reduce the production of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), which leads to disruption of ovulation and ovarian function. In addition, excess levels of estrogen provoke various types of tumor formations in a woman’s body (fibroids and fibroids), which also cause infertility.

Be active

The physical activity of the body is directly related to the proper functioning of all its systems. Maintaining metabolism at a sufficiently high level is not only a guarantee of good health, but also the key to the proper functioning of the endocrine system. This is especially true for men, whose testosterone level directly depends on the activity of the body and proper physical activity.

Loads appropriate to age and body characteristics are a necessary element of maintaining reproductive health.

Get vaccinated

Not a single severe infectious disease that has been suffered goes away without leaving a trace on the body, including the reproductive system. The mumps virus (mumps) poses a particular danger in this regard. Mumps contracted by a boy in childhood very often causes irreversible damage to the reproductive system.

The virus affects the salivary glands and testicles and leads to infertility in 50% of cases.

Don't neglect barrier contraceptives

Frequent changes of sexual partners, indiscriminate choice, and failure to comply with hygiene standards lead to infection with sexually transmitted infections. Usually affecting the reproductive system, sexually transmitted infections often occur in both sexes. With the modern availability of barrier contraception, it is foolish to neglect their help.

Be careful, sexually transmitted infections can be deadly!

Don't get too cold!

This is especially true for women. It is no coincidence that in addition to a hat and mittens, grandmothers advise girls to wear warm tights. Hypothermia of the body very often has negative consequences for the female body and reproductive system. Against this background, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs develop (cystitis, inflammation of the uterine appendages) which can immediately become chronic.

Don't sacrifice your health for the sake of fashion and appearance; dress warmly in cold weather!

Don't overheat!

On the contrary, it is more relevant for men. The fact is that the temperature in the scrotum is on average 2.5 degrees lower than body temperature. This temperature is optimal for the functioning of the testicles and overheating in this area leads to negative consequences in the form of degeneration of the embryonic epithelium and cessation of spermatogenesis.

Avoid excessively hot baths, long stays in saunas and steam baths (especially in combination with drinking alcohol), and wearing tight or excessively warm clothing.

Visit your gynecologist and urologist regularly

Timely visits to the doctor and regular preventive examinations can prevent the development of most diseases and maintain the health of the reproductive system. There are a huge number of pathologies that, in the absence of timely treatment, can lead both women and men to infertility. Most often, after the disease is cured, impaired fertility is restored. On the contrary, avoiding visiting doctors leads to the transition of a not very dangerous illness into a chronic or severe form, and this often leads to infertility.

Don't self-medicate and don't trust charlatans

If you have problems with reproductive health, you should not waste time on fortune tellers, magicians and other representatives of “traditional medicine”. Very often, the time spent turning to quacks turns out to be critical for real infertility treatment.

Avoid abortion

Surgical abortion often causes severe complications. If the mucous membrane is damaged (inevitable during abortion and curettage), there is a high risk of infection. Another unpleasant consequence of damage to the mucosa can be adhesions that interfere with the normal functioning of organs and conception. This complication is especially dangerous because the adhesive process is almost impossible to reverse.

And finally, an abortion can most likely provoke the appearance of a serious and practically incurable disease that directly affects fertility.

Avoid exposure to toxins and radiation

Radiation exposure (does not apply to X-ray examinations and MRI), taking toxic medications, contact (especially constant) with substances such as arsenic, mercury, lead, manganese, asbestos, etc. can cause infertility. Very often, toxic damage to the reproductive system is irreversible. If possible, avoid contact with poisons and ionizing radiation in your daily life.

Monitor your nervous system and mental health

Injuries to the nervous system and a disturbed mental state directly affect our ability to reproduce. Stress hormones, such as cortisol, can suppress many important endocrine processes and cause disturbances in the stable functioning of the hormonal system. These disorders can contribute to the appearance of secondary disorders of the internal organs and the reproductive system in particular. Our body is a finely tuned instrument, so try to avoid nervous overload, stress, and sleep disturbances.

Contact the professionals

If you have problems conceiving, please contact us at the AltraVita reproductive medicine clinic for help. Our clinic employs real professionals who are able to recognize the real cause of infertility. We will select the best treatment option and help you become happy parents!

Avoid injury and overuse

Injuries (not necessarily to the reproductive system) can lead to problems with conception in men. In addition to direct damage to the reproductive organs, injury can be triggered by the release of germ cells into the blood and the occurrence of an immune response. Brain injuries can affect the function of the pituitary gland, the main “conductor” of the human endocrine system, and also lead to serious consequences for reproductive health. Heavy physical activity in adulthood can lead to the appearance of varicocele, a common cause of male infertility. If you receive a scrotal injury, be sure to consult a doctor to eliminate possible negative consequences!

Want to know more about IVF?

IVF is our specialty! We have been treating infertility for more than 16 years.

Quit bad habits!

Alcohol, nicotine and any drugs have an extremely destructive effect on the reproductive system. This is especially true for women who, unlike men, have a once and for all formed supply of germ cells. With alcohol or any other intoxication of the body, all future eggs are damaged at once. We can say that drinking alcohol and smoking are the most important negative external factors leading to infertility. Don't deprive yourself of the future - quit bad habits!

Motherhood is happiness for many women. However, sometimes life develops in such a way that a representative of the fair sex cannot take on the role of a parent due to health problems. In this case, the woman turns to a reproductive specialist. What methods and methods of preventing female infertility exist? It's time to figure it out.

Foresight

It's no secret that health should be protected from childhood. Once you have a bad cold at a young age, you can sign a death sentence for the rest of your life. You should not wear nylon tights with a short skirt in frosty weather or sit on cold surfaces. Also avoid drafts.

Timely visit to the gynecologist

Even those representatives of the fair sex who do not plan to have children should regularly visit a female doctor. This allows you to notice developing diseases and pathologies in time, begin their treatment in time or prevent them altogether. By visiting a gynecologist at least once a year, you will significantly reduce the likelihood of infertility.

Bad habits

Successful conception and birth of healthy children imply giving up smoking, alcohol, and especially drugs. Bad habits can harm not only your reproductive health, but also the embryo already developing in the womb.

Family planning

It was said earlier that you need to take care of your offspring from a young age. If you ever plan to have children, but it so happens that pregnancy occurs at the wrong time, refuse an abortion. This operation can lead to adhesions of the appendages, puncture of the uterus and many other problems. In some cases, the result can even be fatal. If you are planning to have children in the future, but do not want to give birth in the near future, choose a suitable contraceptive method.

Remember that if you and your partner are unable to conceive within a year of unprotected sex, you need to make an appointment with a fertility specialist in Krasnodar. Be attentive to your health, value yourself, and you will definitely have healthy and wonderful children!

Planning for a child doesn't always go as smoothly as you imagined. You may follow all the rules and regulations, but the nature of the body is unpredictable, and successful conception depends on a number of factors. But don't give up too early! Remember: a marriage is considered infertile if pregnancy does not occur during a year of regular sexual activity without the use of contraceptives. If your preparation for pregnancy lasts less than this time, there is no need to treat anything yet, but a woman needs to be examined outside of pregnancy, every six months. Sometimes it is only an incorrect lifestyle that prevents you from conceiving a child, and to cope with the problem it is enough to change it. However, if pregnancy has not occurred after a year of diligent attempts, then you should worry about treatment. In case of infertility, the symptoms are not pronounced. It is almost impossible to identify it based on your general health, so consult a doctor.

Who is guilty?

Infertile marriage occurs in approximately 10-20% of cases, but if you fall into this category, do not despair. First you need to correctly assess the situation, finding out what is the reason for your failures.

Infertility happens:

• feminine
• masculine
• mixed
• inexplicable

The inability to get pregnant is not always the woman’s fault; in a third of cases, the cause is a violation of spermatogenesis or other pathologies in the man. In the mixed form, infertility is a consequence of the combination of two factors - male and female. Therefore, both potential parents must undergo a medical examination. The unexplained form is so called because no cause of infertility may be identified.

Causes of infertility

Causes of female infertility

Firstly, it is worth keeping in mind that the causes of infertility may not be pathologies, but other factors, for example:

• Age. The older a woman is, the lower the chance of getting pregnant and the higher the chance of miscarriage. Nowadays, the problem is quite relevant due to the declining interest of young people in traditional marriage: young couples are delaying the birth of children.
• Unbalanced nutrition. Both increased weight (obesity) and insufficient weight (dystrophy) interfere with conception, and, in addition, are contraindications for pregnancy.
• Smoking, alcoholism, and drug addiction also kill the chances of getting pregnant and giving birth to a healthy baby.

If you are okay with all this, then the reason lies in one or a combination of different pathologies in the woman’s body. Infertility may be associated with malformations of the reproductive system, damage to the genital organs, endocrine disorders, severe intoxications; mental, neurological disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. Genetic, chromosomal and immune factors and their combination play a certain role.

Ovulation disorder - the main cause of infertility, occurring in 40% of cases. Ovulation may be completely absent, or it occurs, but the egg is incapable of fertilization. These problems may occur due to dysfunction of the ovaries or the brain structures that control the ovaries.

In 30% of cases the cause of infertility is obstruction or partial patency of the fallopian tubes. The tubes can be blocked (which prevents the egg from meeting the sperm) or “spoiled” (for example, frequent hydroturbation wears out the cilia that cover the walls of the tubes, which move the embryo towards the uterus). These problems arise mainly due to sexually transmitted infections.

Cervical problems. In healthy women, the cervical canal is completely filled with mucus, which is necessary so that sperm can easily cross the cervix and reach the egg. If its chemical composition is disturbed, the sperm will be stuck halfway. This usually happens as a result of sexually transmitted infections, deterioration of the mucus-producing glands, erosion or inflammation of the cervix. Cervical erosion and cervical canal polyps may be the only cause of infertility and require mandatory removal before infertility treatment begins.

Endometriosis. This disease is characterized by the appearance of abnormal formations of the uterine mucosa (adhesions) on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, lower pelvic organs, bladder and vagina and provokes the release of a substance in the body that prevents conception.

Pathologies of the uterus and polycystic disease. Uterine defects include: malformations, inflammatory processes, fibroids, fibroids, fibroids, polyps and tumor-like formations - cysts.

Preparing for pregnancy and searching for the causes of infertility in a woman should include the following examinations:

• analysis for sexually transmitted infections;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
• blood hormone test;
• endometrial biopsy;
• determination of fallopian tube patency
• antisperm antibody test.

Causes of male infertility

There is such a concept - male fertility, that is, the ability to bear children. Fertility is influenced by many factors, but spermatogenesis (the development of normal and mature sperm) is fundamental. From a fertilization perspective, sperm motility is as important as sperm count. Men with low sperm counts can be fertile as long as their sperm have high motility. Fertility is also affected by the volume of seminal fluid and the morphology (structure) of the sperm. The causes of impaired fertility can be diseases of the genital organs, the most common is called varicocele - the presence of varicose veins in the testicles. Factors provoking the appearance of the disease:

• protein malnutrition,
• avitaminosis,
• testicular injuries,
• professional factors.

There is also an immunological form of male infertility: this is when the body produces antibodies to testicular tissue or sperm. This happens due to injury to the testicles.

In the obstructive form of infertility, there is an obstacle on the way of sperm from the testicles to the urethra: a cyst or tumor of the genital or nearby organs, an adhesion that remains after an inflammatory or infectious process, a scar after surgery, etc.

A man's examination should be the first step when searching for the causes of infertility. In addition to a general examination and examination of a patient with infertility, an analysis of the level of hormones in the blood, a spermogram (ejaculate analysis), and an ultrasound of the genital organs are carried out. A spermogram analysis is done after 3-5 days of abstinence and abstinence from alcohol for a week.

Other causes of infertility

Combination of several reasons

If any cause of infertility is identified in a patient, this does not exclude the presence of other possible causes of infertile marriage. A combination of infertility factors is observed quite often, which should be taken into account when choosing the most optimal treatment method.

Wine for two

Often the cause of infertility is immunological incompatibility of partners. The reaction of the female immune system is reminiscent of an allergy: when a sperm enters a woman’s body, it is perceived by her immune system as a foreign agent. The body begins to actively fight it, producing special substances - antisperm antibodies. As a result of this struggle, sperm become immobile and cannot fertilize the egg. However, this does not mean that due to incompatibility you are not destined to have children; you need to be thoroughly examined and discuss possible treatment options with your doctor.

Unexplained infertility

In approximately 10% of cases, doctors are powerless to name the exact cause of infertility and then talk about unexplained infertility, or infertility of unknown origin. Otherwise it is called idiopathic infertility. They talk about it when all the tests and examinations completed by a couple show a positive result, but conception does not occur. Of course, this is a very difficult diagnosis, or rather its absence is perceived psychologically more difficult than a sentence. And again, one cannot despair; modern medicine also treats unexplained infertility.

Prevention of infertility

Taking into account the fact that many factors of infertility are not congenital, but acquired, they can be avoided with timely prevention.

Of course, the first element of prevention is the right lifestyle. You have no idea how bad habits affect, say, male fertility. An unbalanced diet, smoking and alcohol rob you of your chances of getting pregnant.

It is necessary to undergo regular examination by a gynecologist (once every six months), to prevent inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, which can occur as a result of childhood infections (scarlet fever, measles) or after abortion, childbirth, or surgery on the pelvic organs.

Marriage hygiene can also be considered as prevention of infertility. Physiologically, a woman’s body can be prepared for motherhood at the age of 18-20 years, but not during puberty. Therefore, early sexual activity can lead to disruption of all functions of the female body. Early sexual activity in young men can cause impotence.

Sometimes the causes of infertility can be psychological in nature. For various reasons, a woman can experience so much stress that the natural functions of the body are disrupted. Also, a woman (less often a man) may subconsciously develop a negative attitude towards pregnancy, and therefore the body itself does not allow conception to occur. Therefore, an element of prevention should be the preservation of the woman’s emotional state and her awareness of the beauty of motherhood. A woman in a stressful state should find an option to release energy and relax. As a possible prevention option, physical activity and, through the company of expectant mothers, the woman will restore spiritual harmony.