We strengthen homemade lifting devices. Homemade pioneer machine Homemade crane for lifting loads
Light jib cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 1 ton are indispensable when carrying out various electrical, installation and construction work. Thanks to their design, it is possible to install devices in various openings of a building or on ceilings, as well as to move them for convenient use. They are easy to assemble and install, and if necessary, they can be quickly disassembled into their component elements and moved to a suitable location.
The use of such structures is rational in the absence of the possibility of operating other types of hydraulic and hydraulic machines. There are many types of cranes with different designs. They are divided into stationary and mobile. The boom devices are equipped with one electric drive mechanism for moving the load. The crane operates by manual control.
Construction mini crane
You can independently create a variety of tools and devices that are so necessary for construction and other types of work. Despite the fact that a self-made mini-crane is characterized by a limited transferable load weight (no more than 250 kg), such a design will simplify the implementation of most construction work.
The main task is to select all the tools and parts necessary for creation and subsequent operation. The weight of the prefabricated device can reach up to 300 kg, depending on the materials used. At the same time, it has compact dimensions and the ability to move without preliminary disassembly using a car.
do it yourself: assembly
Using a worm-based gearbox, a cargo winch is formed. He can also ensure the creation manual drive, which simplifies the assembly of the boom winch. The basis for the screw extensions are construction supports. All the elements presented above form the basis of the design. In addition, drums for winches are needed. It is worth noting that they self-production not everyone can do it, since the process is complex and labor-intensive, as well as the need for specialized equipment and experience in carrying out similar work.
The way out of the situation is rotors from an electric motor, which can be used as a basis and significantly simplify the task. Particular attention should be paid to matching the dimensions of the elements used and the future device. To do this, additional measurements are taken using a ruler.
Additional items
To simplify movement, the platform is equipped with wheels. Elements from the conveyor cart may be useful. When creating the structure, you should not forget about this addition, since it is thanks to it that the simplest crane, assembled with your own hands, moves. To do this, you only need to remove the external support elements, which does not cause any particular difficulties and is done in a short time. It is important to follow safety precautions, in particular the boom must be set to zero level to prevent loss of balance and the crane falling.
Peculiarities
The optimal boom height is 5 meters. For its manufacture, a pipe with a diameter of about 8 cm is used. A profile of two corners is mounted into the base. You also need to create a rotating mechanism to rotate and lift the boom; a car hub from any truck will do for this. vehicle. Not needed for counterweight special materials, since you can use standard bricks for them. You can create a crane with your own hands using both caterpillar tracks and a frame. The last element can be taken from an unused machine.
It is worth noting that there is no need for a brake for rotary mechanism and a winch, since it is not needed during the operation of the crane, and the finished device will operate at low speed.
Advantages of the design
Suitable for forming an external support structure and a common base. For the latter, according to experts, it will be optimal use channel by 200. The length of the thrust screws should be within 50 cm, due to which a do-it-yourself crane can be mounted on any surface, including those with a lot of unevenness. Thus, there is no need to prepare the site on which the building is being built.
Difficulties sometimes arise with the wheels, since on loose soil they can spin poorly and dig into it. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out work on hard ground. After completion of construction, the structure is disassembled into its component elements for storage.
What can be done for the garage
At self-repair cars often need to remove the engine, so many car owners are wondering how to make a crane with their own hands. The most simple option is a lift, the creation of which requires a hand winch, racks on triangular supports with wheels and a transverse pipe.
At the top of the racks, fasteners for the pipe are fixed by welding. It is welded to the vertical post and the rollers are mounted on the beam; subsequently they are used to move the cable. In this case, it is not necessary to purchase a winch, since you can make this design yourself.
Such a device will not clutter up the space, it can be disassembled, and the cross beam and supports separately will not take up much space. The crane, created with your own hands for a garage, is capable of lifting and moving a load weighing no more than 800 kg. Its main advantage is that there is no need to purchase expensive materials.
Lift
As noted earlier, you can make a winch yourself. To do this, you will need a drum equipped with a cable; it must be fixed to a structure made of pipes with square section. A small sprocket with a chain drive is installed on the electric drive, and a large one is installed on the edge of the drum. For creating manual winch a shaft equipped with a drum is complemented by a handle.
To replace and repair most parts in a car, a platform or pit is required; if they are not available, you can use a lift. Despite the existing risks when working with such a device, its creation is justified by economic benefits and practical benefits.
An overhead trolley crane, assembled with a winch yourself, is the simplest option; the machine is installed on platforms after being raised to the desired height. There is also a scissor design, which is characterized by the absence of the possibility of cable breakage, which the previous option cannot guarantee.
Scissor crane
The base and platform of the scissor lift are made of channels. Two-piece distributor, pump, bushings, and are required for shears.
A self-made UAZ crane is capable of lifting loads weighing more than 500 kg. It can also be removed upon completion of work. The main purpose of the device is to fix retractable supports. The base of the structure is made of a thick-walled square, secured to the frame with several bolts. The retractable pores stay on the bumper and raise the rear of the car.
Crane “Pioneer”
The mechanism makes it possible to simplify the implementation of many repair and construction works, as well as to ensure the implementation of actions that cannot be performed without additional lifting devices. The design is suitable for cargo of various volumes and sizes, and it can be installed on the floors of houses under construction, in pits and on the roof.
Among the main constituent elements It is worth noting the rotating and supporting frames, the control panel. The device does not cause any difficulties in the process of use and the application of significant physical effort. Management is within the power of every person, even those without relevant experience.
Many owners of private houses and summer cottages. Their spread is due to the fact that each part of the mechanism, regardless of its complexity, can be performed in the desired manner and with the necessary functionality. In addition to moving heavy loads such as monolithic blocks, such cranes ensure the delivery of light objects to great heights.
Unfortunately, the creation hydraulic devices, as a rule, is not possible. But, despite this, the crane (with your own hands), the photo of which is presented below, is easy to operate and has sufficient lifting capacity.
Assembly of the Pioneer crane
Many parts can be found, surprisingly, in a landfill. For a homemade mechanism, the main components are a rectangular pipe and an I-beam. It is important that the latter fits easily into the pipe. To create a telescopic unit for an I-beam, sliding guides are made. It is worth noting that they must be lubricated with special compounds to reduce the degree of friction.
For the device to function, cables with a small diameter are also required. They can be purchased at a hardware store. A channel is often used to secure the rotating and supporting frames. It also ensures that the device can be firmly mounted on any surface. As a rule, it is the roof of a building under construction. In accordance with safety regulations, the manufacture of a rectangular platform as ballast is required, and it will reduce the likelihood of problems while the crane, assembled with your own hands, is in operation. An electric motor connected to a winch is used to start the lifting process.
Almost any construction site cannot be done without special equipment, especially a construction crane. He becomes an indispensable assistant when it is necessary to lift heavy loads to different heights.
Most people associate this technology with huge size, but there are many types of faucets that are ergonomic and compact.
You can even do some options yourself, saving personal savings during construction. In this article we will look at how to assemble a homemade Pioneer crane for building a house.
Mini construction crane: scope of application
Mini cranes are in great demand. They are used during construction and repair work. Modern manufacturers offer innovative solutions in the manufacture of their products.
These devices are different:
- maneuverability;
- wide range of applications;
- functionality;
- ease of use.
Thanks to the presence of various attachments, various manipulations can be carried out with this technique.
Mini cranes, both purchased and assembled at home, are capable of working in the most hard to reach places: in cramped courtyards, dense urban construction, uneven sites, inside buildings and on roofs. Compact dimensions allow special equipment to even pass through single or double doors.
They are often used for fine, almost jewelry work. Manufacturers of modern technology conducted an experiment with matchbox, which needed to be moved from one place to another. At the same time, the device did not crush or crush a cardboard box of such a tiny size.
The presence of a control panel for the units allows users to control the work process while standing next to the equipment near the load, but only purchased units assembled in production have such advantages.
You are unlikely to be able to make such a device yourself. But you can try to build something similar. Of course, a mini crane assembled by yourself will not be very functional, but it will be able to lift loads of a certain mass to a specified height.
Simple mini-faucet with your own hands
If you make a mini crane with your own hands, it will be able to lift loads weighing up to 250 kg. This will greatly simplify the construction process on site. He can handle lifting logs, concrete mortar, roofing materials. With it, you can do construction yourself without involving a large number of workers.
The main thing when making a mini crane: prepare a drawing, necessary tools and details. The weight of this structure can reach 300 kg. It depends on what materials you will use during assembly. Despite its impressive weight, the mini crane will be distinguished by its compact size and high performance.
Assembling a mini crane with your own hands consists of the following steps:
- Using a gearbox, a cargo winch is attached to a worm base.
- Construction supports are the basis for screw outrigger systems.
- In addition to the basic structure, drums for winches will be required to assemble the unit. Making them on your own is quite problematic. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase ready-made products.
- Rotors from an electric motor can be used as a basis.
Attention: at self-assembly mini crane, Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between the sizes of the elements and the dimensions of the future device.
To make the device convenient to use, its platform can be equipped with wheels. This is where the old transport cart comes to the rescue.
Features of mini cranes assembled by yourself include:
- The optimal boom height is 5 meters. To make it yourself, you will need to use a pipe with a diameter of 8 cm.
- A profile of 2 corners is mounted on the base and a rotating mechanism is created to rotate the boom. An automobile hub from a truck is suitable as a turning mechanism.
- To build a counterweight, you don’t need any special materials. Ordinary bricks can serve as them.
Types of manual taps
All construction cranes are classified into:
- self-propelled;
- stationary;
- tower;
- special purpose.
This equipment is equipped with a boom extension mechanism, a cargo trolley, and a rotating support.
By type of movement they are divided into:
- stationary;
- adjustable;
- self-elevating;
- mobile.
According to the type of control, these devices are electrically driven and manual (mechanical).
Lift
Modern lifts are divided by type into:
- Foot. They are capable of lifting heavy loads weighing up to 2 tons to a height of 8 meters.
- Telescopic. Their advantages include: light weight and compactness. These devices are capable of lifting loads to a working height of up to 150 kg.
They, in turn, are divided into:
- self-propelled;
- non-self-propelled.
When choosing a lift, it is worth considering several factors: their dimensions, load capacity, scope of application.
To make a lift yourself, prepare materials and a preliminary drawing. To build it we will need:
- a winch, which can be made from a drum and a cable;
- pipes;
- electric drive
The advantages of construction hoists include:
- maneuverability;
- high load capacity;
- safety;
- ease of use.
Scissor crane
The scissor crane is a simple and easy-to-use design. Due to their versatility and functionality, these devices are used in installation and construction work. They can also often be found in supermarkets and warehouses.
A scissor crane lifts tons of loads every day. This technique, in addition to construction industry, is regularly used in the maintenance of advertising billboards, facade signs, and elevators.
Their main advantages include:
- performance;
- high load capacity;
- compact dimensions when folded;
- wide range of applications;
- maneuverability.
Their advantages also include autonomy - they can operate on batteries. Besides, cranes can be equipped different types drives:
- electrohydraulic;
- diesel;
- electrical;
- hydraulic.
Most often, models with electric drives are used in construction. They are affordable, environmentally friendly and easy to use.
There are a large number of variations of devices of this type, but almost all of them consist of:
- lifting device,
- mobile platform;
- equal-speed drive wheels.
To build a scissor crane yourself, you will need to make the base and platform of the apparatus from a channel. To make scissors you will need:
- two-section distributor;
- bushings;
- pump;
- hydraulic cylinder;
- I-beams.
A DIY scissor crane is capable of lifting loads weighing up to half a ton. This device is installed on the UAZ, and after operation it is removed. The basis of the structure will be a thick square bolted to the frame, and the retractable pores will be held on the car bumper.
Crane Pioneer
The Pioneer type lift has excellent technical characteristics. It is light in weight and distinguished by maneuverability and mobility. The advantages of this device include the ability to quickly and easily assemble and disassemble.
To deliver the device to the construction site, it can be disassembled and folded into a simple gazelle. After work, it can also be easily disassembled and transported back. The crane can be installed anywhere: on the ground, in a pit, on a roof, on building floors.
This special equipment is produced by different companies in three main modifications of cranes, lifting capacity, and booms.
If necessary, you can make a Pioneer crane yourself, having with you the necessary Consumables, tools, well-designed drawing and free time.
As for the scope of application of the Pioneer, it can be used to move various items in any weather conditions. It is capable of delivering cargo to any floor or building structure. With its help you can deliver: tools, equipment, building materials and the like.
Quite often this device is used when installing roofs. With it you can quickly lift various loads, machines, metal constructions, materials.
Advantages of the Pioneer crane
The main advantages of the Pioneer crane include:
- ease of use - thanks to a simple and reliable design;
- the ability to assemble and disassemble the device within half an hour;
- mobility, allowing the unit to be used even at distant sites;
- low energy consumption.
Important: The Pioneer crane is capable of rotating the boom 360 degrees.
But this unit also has its drawbacks:
- it is capable of lifting a weight of no more than 1 ton;
- if you hang a flexible load on it, it is not always convenient and safe.
Do-it-yourself Pioneer crane
The Pioneer crane has a simple design. It consists of the following elements:
- Main support frame. It can be dismountable, bolted or standing on wheels. The second rotating frame is attached to it;
- Safety guy ropes, cargo ropes, electric drive;
- Swivel boom. It can be dismountable or bolted;
- End stop mechanism. It is located at the end of the boom;
- A limit switch located on the mechanism responsible for lifting the load.
So, if you started construction on personal plot, but you don’t have the desire or financial means to hire special equipment, try assembling the crane yourself. With it, you don't have to lift heavy loads yourself.
Attention: Pioneer construction crane is collapsible design designed for lifting loads. It can be used when digging a foundation pit for a house, installing a roof, or constructing walls at high altitudes.
The basis of the mechanism is a supporting running frame, which is installed either permanently or on a chassis. The part of the crane that rotates is installed on the frame. You can rotate the boom manually or electric.
The load of this device is lifted using a winch, and stability is achieved thanks to a counterweight and turnbuckles (steel cable stays).
Materials and tools
To make the device we need following materials, which can be found in the garage or in a specialty store:
- rectangular pipe;
- I-beam;
- telescopic unit for I-beam;
- small diameter cables;
- channel;
- electric motor;
- winch.
Tools you will need:
- keys;
- hammer;
- Screwdriver Set.
Design diagram
To make a Pioneer faucet with your own hands, you need to make competent scheme. It should strictly indicate: materials of manufacture, dimensions of each individual element, methods of fastening parts.
When creating a diagram of a future design, it is worth carefully calculating everything. If you don’t quite understand this, it’s better to invite a specialist. Having a well-designed diagram in your hands, you can independently manufacture and assemble the device in the shortest possible time.
Assembly Features
As for the assembly of the product:
- The crane frame is assembled from a corner 63x63x5 mm.
- For a 5-meter boom, a pipe with a diameter of 5–8 cm is required.
- To strengthen the structure, you will need 2 corners, measuring 30x30x3 mm.
The carrying capacity of such a device will be 150 kg. If the ropes are strengthened, it will be possible to lift heavier loads.
Attention: Making an electric faucet at home is quite difficult. It will be more expensive and take longer.
When choosing an I-beam, you should make sure that it fits freely into the pipe. It will be installed on sliding guides, resulting in a telescopic unit.
In order for a homemade crane to function well, you will need to equip it with small diameter cables. They are best purchased at a specialty store. To weld the supporting structure and the rotating frame, it is necessary to use a channel.
Thanks to it, the crane will be well fixed to the surface. For safe operation For the device, it is recommended to weld the platform in the form of a rectangle.
To start the lifting process, you will need to purchase an electric motor and connect it to a winch from the UAZ.
Attention: If you want the electric motor to start electrically, invite a specialized technician. Despite the fact that this procedure is not particularly complicated, for safety reasons it is better to use the services of a professional.
That's the whole process of assembling a Pioneer crane with your own hands.
Specifications
The manufacture and assembly of the Pioneer construction crane has a lot of positive aspects. Its installation on construction site will help you save on the number of builders. With it you can lift roofing materials, timber, working tools and equipment to the required height.
After assembly homemade device You can see its technical characteristics:
- The load capacity of the device can vary between 0.5–1 ton. It all depends on the materials used during assembly.
- The height of the crane will be 4 meters.
- The platform can rotate 360 degrees.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that when starting construction on a personal plot, in order to save money, try to assemble special equipment with your own hands. Of course, you will spend your free time on such manipulations, but you can save a lot. Even big ones construction companies They don’t always buy special equipment. They usually resort to renting units.
The design of a homemade crane will help those who themselves build a residential building, a summer house or a garden house.
A homemade crane will make it easier to install foundations, walls, ceilings and other structural elements.
Using such a jib crane, you can carry a load over a distance of up to 3 m, lift it to a height of up to 2 m and lower it to a depth of 2.5 m. The mechanism should be designed to install structures weighing up to 300 kg.
Rice. 1. Diagram of a crane that you can make yourself:
1 - block, 2 - crane boom, 3 - crane trolley, 4 - telescopic stand, 5 - paired angles, 6 - boom base blocks, 7 - I-beam, 8 - struts, 9 - crane trolley moving winch, 10 - load frame , 11 - lifting mechanism winch, 12 - electric drive winches, 13 - stand corner, 14,15 - M 16 bolts, 16 - lifting hook assembled with a block.
The crane consists of a horizontal boom beam (the crane trolley moves along it) and vertical support posts, made from steel pipes, to which horizontal beams are attached. The crane is collapsible, which allows you to move it from place to place.
Construction of crane stands.
They are made of pipes with a diameter of 140 mm. Their height can be increased up to 3 m using telescopic incoming pipes. To prevent the posts from sinking into the ground, corners are welded to the base. A horizontal beam is welded to the top of the supports - two corners x 65 x 10 mm connected together. A horizontal guide is attached to it from below with four bolts - an I-beam No. 20, having dimensions of 200 x 100 x 5.2 mm, 3000 mm long, along which the crane trolley moves.
The second pair of guide supports consists of two vertical pipes connected at the top and bottom. For greater stability, two inclined supports are welded to them, which in turn connect the racks with a rectangular frame. The latter prevents the crane from tipping over, as it serves as a base for laying sandbags or concrete blocks.
An important feature of a jib crane is its control. Those who will build and operate it need to know: the crane has a lifting and moving device. If necessary, any part can be lowered below the zero mark (into a pit or trench). The entire system of cables and pulleys of the lifting device is driven by an electric motor. The trolley is moved by a hand winch using a cable. One end of it is fixed to the trolley, then the cable goes through the block to the drum, makes five turns and, again passed through the blocks at the base and at the end of the boom, is fixed to the crane trolley.
The hook is lifted by a cable, fixed at one end to the winch and passing successively through the blocks of the base, boom and crane trolley; then the cable goes down, forms a loop on which a block with a hook is suspended, and is secured to the end of the boom through the block of the crane trolley.
Rice. 2. Diagram of the mechanism for lifting and moving the load:
1 - boom end block, 2 - cable fastening pin on the crane trolley, 3 - boom base blocks of the crane trolley moving mechanism, 4 - cable moving the crane trolley, 5 - drum, 6 - hoisting mechanism winch, 7 - hoisting mechanism boom base block , 8 - blocks of the maroon trolley, 9 - block of the hook, 10 - assembly for securing the lifting cable.
The lifting device can also be driven by a conventional manual winch, which will provide the crane with complete autonomy.
Before starting work, you should carefully check the strength of the nodes and supports. Standing under the boom is not allowed - this is the basic safety rule at any construction site.
We hope that there will be farmers and gardeners who will build a crane to make their work easier. Maybe not like that. But similar. The main thing is that he helps in the work.
For repair work on a car engine, a lifting device was needed, a craftsman from Novosibirsk decided to make a homemade crane with his own hands.
As planned, the crane should be collapsible so that it does not take up much space in the garage. Lifting will be carried out using a hydraulic jack.
The photo shows the homemade design.
The base is welded from a 60 mm channel and a 50 mm square pipe; additional trim is used to strengthen the structure.
The channel is welded at an angle at which the vertical column tilts back.
Vertical stand and boom made of 50 mm square pipe.
The legs and reach of the boom are made from 40mm square tube.
Drilled holes for vertical stand, legs, and arrows to fly. I welded the ear under the jack and figured out how the jack would fit on a piece of some kind of metal structure. The boom has a 30mm corner reinforcement.
Shoulder - 1/5, approximately 110 cm of the boom and 22 cm of the stop from the axis of the vertical post.
In the photo there is a rise of 130 cm to 210 cm. The boom can be moved plus depending on the load capacity. You can also unscrew the screw from the rod on the jack. The jack is designed for 3000 kg, so the weight on the boom is maximum 600 kg (arm 3000/5).
During testing, the vertical console began to bend (between the lower channels and the lower stop of the jack). Motor + gearbox, 250-260 kg. I had to strengthen it and weld 5 mm cut plates onto the 50 pipe.
The Pioneer crane is an indispensable machine during loading and unloading, installation, construction and repair work. Depending on the size and volume of loading materials, it can be used and installed on the roofs of houses, in pits, as well as on the floors of buildings that are under construction.
This “miracle machine” consists of: a control panel (the control system is automated), a boom, an electric winch and two frames - a support and a rotary one. The Pioneer crane is a machine that is quite simple to operate and does not require any special physical effort. Even a person who is not experienced in construction can quite cope with operating the crane.
Design diagram
There is no need to register the Pioneer crane with the regulatory authorities. If there is a need to transport the crane to another place, there will be no problems with this either, since this machine is very convenient to transport.
terms of Use
The Pioneer crane does not require strict rules of use. It can work equally well on a hot summer day (air temperature +40 degrees Celsius) and in freezing cold (up to -40 degrees Celsius).
But it is worth paying attention to the slope of the site where the crane will be located in the future. It should not exceed 3 degrees.
It’s quite calm, this machine can operate at a wind speed of 14 m/s. BUT: you should stop operating the crane if the wind speed is over 33 m/s.
My own master
Many owners of dachas or private houses make their own cranes. This is very convenient, since each mechanism (be it a simple motor or a full-fledged hydraulic drive) will be configured and adjusted to the person who made it. In addition, such a mechanism helps not only to carry heavy monolithic blocks, but also to deliver light loads, such as, to the top of the building.
Alas, it’s unlikely that you’ll be able to apply hydraulics to your creation. But it will be possible to replace it with an equally worthy homemade lifting machine that is not too difficult to use.
Many will probably have a completely adequate question: “Where can I get the parts?” The answer will be very short and unequivocal - at a landfill. If you push your innate disgust into the background and take a walk through many interesting landfills native land, then you can find a lot of useful things at a construction site.
So, in order to create a Pioneer crane with your own hands, the first thing you need to do is find an I-beam and rectangular pipe. Immediately, the condition is stipulated that the I-beam must fit freely into the pipe. It is placed on sliding guides, and thus a telescopic unit is obtained.
During use, in order to reduce friction, the sliding guides must be lubricated!
In order for the crane to finally be able to function, it must be equipped with certain cables of the smallest diameter. You will have to spend money on them in a specialized hardware store (although you may also be lucky to find them in a landfill). You can use the channel as a material for welding the support and rotary frames. It is the channel that allows for good fixation of the crane on the surface. Usually, the roof of the object that is being built is this surface.
In order for work with the machine to proceed without incident, and also to protect yourself, it is necessary to weld a rectangular ballast pad.
One will be enough foundation block, to lift a load weighing half a ton. To start the lifting process, you can purchase an electric motor in a special store, and then connect it to a winch from a UAZ.
Connecting electrical mechanisms
To lifting mechanism To start electrically, you will have to use the services of an electrician. The connection procedure itself is not too complicated, but still, for your own safety, you should trust a person who has experience working with electricity.
After this, the DIY Pioneer crane is ready for use.
Specifications
To better understand what the above-mentioned representative of lifting machines is capable of, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with its more detailed description - Pioneer crane technical characteristics.
So, the first point in general characteristics crane is, of course, its lifting capacity. It can fluctuate in the range of 0.5 tons - 1 ton. The advantage of the Pioneer crane is that it is able to lift a load that is several times heavier than itself. The height of the crane is consistently 4 meters. The angle that the platform can cover when turning is 360 degrees.
The reference contour (connecting the contour of the vertical axes of the lifting machine, formed by horizontal projections of straight lines) is 2x2 meters. The speed of lifting the load is a floating value, depending on the mass of the load (0.5 tons - from 0.2 to 50 m/s; 1 ton - 0.74 m/s). The diameter of the rope also depends on the size of the load: 6.9 mm - 0.5 tons, 12 mm - 1 ton. The weight of the Pioneer crane, depending on the model, can be 1 – 1.5 tons.