Dampers for gas boilers. Automation for gas heating boilers: device, principle of operation, review of manufacturers

Domestic boilers heating systems using natural and liquefied gas do not require constant monitoring by the user. Combustion and maintenance of the required coolant temperature are monitored by electronic and mechanical units built into any heat generator by the manufacturer. Our task is to explain how automation works for gas boiler and what types of devices are used in modern water heating installations.

Automatic blocks of floor-standing boilers

The vast majority of floor-standing gas boilers are equipped with automatic safety systems that operate without an external power source (non-volatile). According to the requirements of regulatory documents, automation equipment must shut off the gas supply to the burner and igniter in three emergency cases:

1. Extinction of the main burner flame due to blowing out or for other reasons.
2. When natural draft in the chimney channel is absent or sharply reduced.
3. The drop in natural gas pressure in the main pipeline is below a critical level.

For reference. The implementation of the listed functions is mandatory for gas boilers of all types. Many manufacturers add a fourth level of safety – overheating protection. When the coolant temperature reaches 90 °C, the valve, based on a signal from the sensor, stops supplying gas to the main burner.

In various gas models from different manufacturers The following types (brands) of non-volatile automation are used:

• Italian blocks EuroSIT (Eurosit) series 630, 710 and 820 NOVA (heating units Lemax, Zhitomir 3, Aton and many others);
• Polish devices "KARE" (heat generators "Danko", "Rivneterm");
• American Honeywell automatic control devices (heaters from the Zhukovsky plant of the “Comfort” line);
• domestic products from ZhMZ, SABK, Orion, Arbat companies.

Fuel supply system in the simplest AOGV devices equipped with ZhMZ valves. The burner is hidden in the lower part of the housing.

We have listed the most common brands of automation, which are often installed on hot water boilers one company. For example, the Zhukovsky plant completes budget versions of AOGV devices with its own ZhMZ safety units, medium-sized heat generators price category- EuroSIT devices, and powerful models - Honeywell automatic valves. Let's look at each group separately.

SIT Group brand gas valves

Of all the types of automation found in boiler installations, EuroSIT safety units are the most popular and reliable in operation. They are recommended by companies that supply natural fuels, including for replacing old gas equipment of KChM, AGV boilers, and so on. They work without problems as part of micro-flare burners Polidoro, Iskra, Vakula, Thermo and others.

The exact names of the three models used look like this:

• 630 SIT;
• 710 MiniSIT;
• 820 NOVA.

The thermocouple, main and pilot burner connection sockets are located on the bottom panel of the valve

For reference. SIT Group has ceased production of the 630 and 710 series, considering them obsolete. It has been replaced by a new automatic safety system for heating boilers - gas valves 820 NOVA, 822 NOVA, 840 SIGMA and 880 Proflame (battery operated). But old products are not difficult to find on sale.

In order not to bore you with the design details of automatic EuroSIT devices, let us briefly explain the operating principle using the example of a simple 630 series unit:

1. When you turn the handle to the “ignition” position and press from above, you forcibly open the solenoid valve, which allows gas to flow to the pilot burner (igniter). You click the button on the piezoelectric element, which produces a spark that ignites the wick.
   
2. By holding the main handle for 30 seconds, you allow the pilot flame to warm up. The thermal balloon produces a voltage (EMF) of 20-50 millivolts, which fixes the electromagnet in the open state. Now you can release the handle.
3. Set the main handle to the desired position and thus supply gas to the main burner. The latter ignites and begins to heat the heat exchanger with water from the heating system, as shown in the diagram.
   
4. When the water reaches a certain temperature, the capillary sensor is activated, gradually closing the second valve - the thermostatic one. The supply of fuel to the burner device stops until the sensor cools down and the valve plate opens the path for gas. The igniter continues to burn in standby mode.

Note. Older automation modifications were not equipped with temperature sensors and ignition units, so matches were required to start the heat generator.

Connection diagram of the automation unit to the gas burner device

A membrane valve, which plays the role of a pressure regulator, is responsible for the normal gas supply in the device. When it falls below a preset value, the fuel channel closes and an emergency shutdown of the boiler occurs. Other situations that lead to refusal include:

1. The burner and the wick heating the thermocouple go out. Voltage generation stops, the solenoid valve closes the fuel passage.
2. If the draft in the chimney suddenly disappears, the sensor placed in this channel overheats and breaks the power supply circuit of the electromagnet. The result is similar - the fuel supply is blocked.
3. In heaters equipped with overheating sensors, the electrical circuit is broken after the water reaches a temperature of 90-95 °C.

When gas automatics triggered an emergency shutdown, restarting the boiler by the user is blocked for 1 minute, before the fuel supply will not resume. The operation of the system is clearly reflected in the training video:

Differences between models 710 MiniSIT and 820 NOVA

According to the principle of operation, these units do not differ from their predecessor - the 630 series. Changes to the 710 MiniSIT automation are purely constructive:

• 2 buttons “Start” and “Stop” are placed separately along with the solenoid valve;
• the main handle only rotates the thermostat rod and regulates the temperature of the coolant;
• the ignition unit with a piezo igniter button is built into the product body;
• The basic package of the device includes a bellows-type temperature sensor with a capillary tube;
• added gas pressure stabilizer.

In the 710 MiniSIT unit, the handle acts as a temperature regulator and switches the heater to standby mode with the pilot light on.

For reference. In the first versions of the 710 family, a spark igniter was not provided.

The latest 820 NOVA product line includes changes to improve stability, reliability and throughput. We want to highlight 2 improvements that are important from a user point of view:

Non-volatile circuit for connecting a room thermostat

In this section, it makes sense to mention Honeywell automatic gas valves, which operate in a similar way. Their main difference is increased throughput, allowing the units to be used in high-power boilers (30-70 kW).

Polish automatic "Kare"

Installation of Polish security systems on gas boilers practiced by few manufacturers. The reason is banal: in terms of reliability, the product is inferior to products from Italy, the USA and Germany, but the price is more expensive than domestic boiler automation.

We called the product a “system” because it consists of several blocks, although general principle actions remain unchanged:

• gas filter;
• valve – gas pressure regulator;
• there is a separate thermostat with a control knob;
• membrane thermostatic valve;
• piezoelectric igniter button.

Scheme of the Polish "Kare" system

The nodes and sensors are connected to each other by capillary tubes. Essentially, this is the same SIT or Honeywell device, only broken down into separate parts. This is a plus: changing parts is more convenient and cheaper.

Products of domestic companies

As you understand, boiler automation made in the post-Soviet space does not contain any revolutionary solutions or technological breakthroughs. To implement three safety functions, the same principles are used - turning on an electromagnet with voltage (EMF) of a thermocouple, a membrane gas valve and a traction sensor that breaks the circuit.

ZhMZ safety valve diagram

It makes no sense to talk in detail about the design of blocks from the brands SABK, Orion and ZhMZ (Zhukovsky Plant). The listed products are distinguished by their simplest design, low cost and low reliability. Thermocouples burn out almost every year, and the thermostat turns off and starts the burner too abruptly, which causes a loud bang, sometimes reminiscent of a micro-explosion.

The devices work normally in the first years of operation, then you need to monitor them and, fortunately, spare parts are available for sale and are inexpensive. For an example of troubleshooting a typical ZhMZ automation fault, see the video:

Wall unit electronics

A special feature of these heat generators is electronic control of the processes of ignition, combustion and maintenance of coolant temperature. That is, wall-mounted gas boilers (and some floor-standing ones) are equipped with energy-dependent automation powered by electricity.

Important point. Despite the many bells and whistles introduced into the design of mini-boiler houses, safety functions are still in charge of the mechanics. The three types of emergency situations listed above will be processed by the equipment regardless of the presence of voltage in the electrical network.

An automatic gas boiler was created for maximum convenience for owners of apartments and private houses. To start the heater, just press 1 button and set the desired temperature. Let us briefly describe the operating algorithm of the unit and the elements involved in it:

1. After these startup steps, the heat generator controller collects sensor readings: coolant and air temperature, gas and water pressure in the system, and checks the presence of draft in the chimney.
2. If everything is in order, the electronic board supplies voltage to the electromagnetic gas valve and at the same time a discharge to the ignition electrodes. The wick is missing.
3. The main burner ignites and gives full power in order to heat the coolant as quickly as possible. Its operation is monitored by a special flame sensor. The controller includes a built-in circulation pump.
4. When the coolant temperature approaches the set threshold, which is recorded by the overhead sensor, the combustion intensity will decrease. Staged burners switch to low power mode, and modulating burners smoothly reduce the fuel supply.
5. Having reached the heating threshold, the electronics will shut off the gas. When the sensor detects cooling of the water in the system, automatic ignition and heating will be repeated.

Note. In turbocharged boilers with closed camera The combustion controller also starts and stops the fan.

The instructions for the wall-mounted gas boiler indicate that the unit is designed to operate in closed system heating, so the automation monitors the water pressure. If it drops below the permissible limit (0.8-1 Bar), the burner will go out and will not light until the problem is corrected.

Many imported boilers operate according to an energy-dependent scheme, for example, Buderus Logano, Viessmann and so on. How is electronic gas equipment installed? accessible language the master will tell you in the video:

Conclusion

Many homeowners maintain their heating units themselves. This gives rise to interest in the operation of automation of gas boilers of various types. We have covered this issue, but we do not recommend repairing safety valves yourself if you do not understand the topic. The most you can do is clean it strainer, replace the defective membrane or electromagnet. It is better to entrust the adjustment of the burner flame or igniter to a gas technician.

Note. The article uses materials from the boiler manufacturer Lemax, posted on

Operating principle and control system of a gas boiler

The basic principle of operation of gas boilers is based on the fact that when gas is supplied to the boiler, electronic ignition or piezo ignition is turned on. The spark ignites the igniter, which burns constantly. Supplying gas to the burner in the absence of a burning igniter is not allowed - such a situation is dangerous with an explosion. The igniter ignites the main burner, which heats the coolant in the boiler to the specified parameters. After this, the automatic system turns off the burner. As the temperature in the boiler decreases, the temperature sensor (thermocouple) gives a signal to the valve to supply gas. And the burner lights up again.

Automation for floor-standing boilers such as Buderus Logamatic 4211, 4212.

Boilers modern production All are equipped, as a rule, with automatic control systems. Automation of gas boilers comes in varying degrees of complexity. These systems are designed to ensure the operation of equipment (boiler) without the participation and constant supervision of people. Automatic boiler systems perform various functions, including:

• safety;
• automatic on/off;
• control based on various criteria: time, weather and others.

According to this, all boiler automation elements can be divided into several groups, in accordance with its type, design and functional purpose.

Gas fittings are an actuator, one of those that execute commands from the circuit to control the boiler. Changes in gas valve regulators trigger the processes of starting and stopping boiler equipment, as well as adjusting its power. The main purpose of gas fittings is to ensure safe operation of the boiler.

Boilers with built-in gas burners are equipped with gas valves with the main function of opening and stopping the gas supply to the burner. Such boilers include, first of all, wall-mounted gas boilers. They can also include floor standing boilers, equipped gas burners atmospheric type.

Minimum pressure switch (gas)

Honeywell brand gas valve for low-power boiler equipment

Gas burners are designed to be used at rated gas pressure - that's what they are designed for. It is with these indicators that the declared useful power of the boiler will be ensured. With a decrease in gas pressure, a drop in power is also observed. Boilers equipped with atmospheric gas burners are sensitive to a decrease in gas pressure - the pipes may burn out. The falling gas pressure leads to the “settling” of the flame so that the metal part of the burner appears in the zone of the torch itself. And this can lead to breakdowns.

To protect the boiler and burner, a minimum voltage relay is used. gas pressure. The relay turns off the boiler when the pressure drops below the setting value. The limit value can be changed when setting up the boiler. The gas pressure switch is structurally a kind of membrane that acts on a group of contacts. When the pressure decreases, the membrane moves under the influence of a spring and the electrical contacts switch. Switching the contacts breaks the electrical circuit, which precisely controls the operation of the boiler. The power supply to the gas valve stops and the boiler stops working. When the gas pressure is restored, the membrane will return to its original position, the contacts will switch again - and the boiler will be ready to start again. But other processes are subsequently determined by the logic of the actual control automation, and they may vary. Minimum pressure switches are mounted at the gas inlet into the boiler directly in front of the multiblock. Or in front of the front gas valve.

Dungs brand gas valve for floor-standing heating boilers

Maximum pressure switch (gas)

Relay devices maximum pressure gas are designed to protect boilers from possible overheating or from the danger of destruction due to an uncontrolled increase in pressure on the burner. This can lead to an increase in the size of the torch itself and ultimately to burnout of the combustion chamber, which is not intended for this. In addition, gas valves may not close as gas pressure increases. A rise in pressure can also be caused by a breakdown of the gas fittings on the supply line.

The relay is connected in series with the minimum pressure switch in the electrical circuit. This is done in such a way that the operation of any of them somehow turns off the boiler. The design of the relay is similar to the first one.

Thermostats for heating boilers are perhaps one of the relatively simple electromechanical devices used in the control circuits of this equipment. Their main purpose is to maintain the specified parameters of the coolant temperature in the boiler. It is also possible to have maximum and minimum threshold limits for this temperature. Thermostats, therefore, can be classified as both control devices for automatic boiler equipment and safety devices.

Controller

Controllers are special electronic devices that are designed to implement a rather complex algorithm for controlling a heating installation under changing environmental conditions. The controllers are different in their functions and capabilities. But all of them have special temperature and pressure sensors installed. The controllers are well classified. They are distinguished by control algorithms, by control objects, by direct integration with the boiler, by communication capabilities, etc.

(description)
The boiler room contains two boilers (models Vitoligno-100 and Vaillant). Heating controller brand Kromschroder E8.0634. When the Vitoligno-100 boiler is flooded, the operation of the second boiler (Vaillant) stops synchronously. The drive closes the heating pipe of the gas boiler, connecting the pipe of the solid fuel apparatus. A solid fuel boiler operates on a storage tank, from which hot water flows into the heating system. When the boiler ends, the tank’s operation also ends, the temperature drops to less than 30 degrees. The gas boiler turns on again, and the heating system receives heat from it directly. The water in the boiler is heated from the storage tank if the temperature in it is above 50 degrees, in the case of lower temperatures, hot water provides a gas boiler. The entire system operates automatically. Two heating circuits: one is radiator type, the other is underfloor heating type. A pair of mixing units are installed.

Security automation

Minimum and maximum coolant pressure switch

An important element in the boiler safety system is considered to be protection against an emergency decrease in pressure in the pressure system. A fall may occur due to various reasons, including leaks, breakdowns expansion tank or failure safety valves. Low pressure of the coolant can cause it to boil in the system, as well as airing it, which can lead to the cessation of circulation through the boiler and, as a result, to overheating.

Protection against such falls can be provided by installing a special relay (minimum pressure) on the pipeline next to the boiler. It is a membrane on which the coolant presses. The membrane is connected to a whole system of electrical contacts. When the pressure in the system drops below the set values, the contacts switch. The setting point is selected minimum permissible coolant pressure values ​​at which the system will be operational. The relay is electrically connected to the general burner control circuit. If the pressure drops, the burner will stop.

No less dangerous is an excessive increase in pressure. For an emergency stop of the boiler when the pressure rises above operating values, a maximum pressure switch is used. It is similar to a minimal relay, but only has the opposite purpose - it switches contacts above the setting point. The relay is also included in the electrical circuit of the burner.

Both types of relays come with automatic restart and manual restart.

In the first case, when the parameters are normalized, the electrical contacts return to their original state and the boiler automatically resumes its operation.

In the second case, operator intervention will be required to start the relay. Usually in this type The relay has two contacts. One is connected to the burner, the second is connected to a signaling device (lamp, buzzer). When the relay is triggered, the panic button will turn on.

Coolant presence sensor

Other boilers can fail even during short-term operation in the absence of coolant. To prevent such situations, a sensor for the presence (or absence) of coolant is designed. This is especially important for electric boilers with heating elements. The sensor is installed either next to the boiler or inside. It is included in the control circuit of the device and closes the contacts only when the block is filled with coolant. The most common devices are reed switches and conductometric sensors.

In the first, the magnetic core is built directly into the float, which, when floating, closes the contacts only in the presence of liquid.

The second type of sensors are special electrodes placed in the hydraulic circuit. When the boiler is filled with coolant, current sometimes flows between the electrodes. A closed circuit is a sign of the normal coolant situation and a signal about the operation of the boiler.

Boiler priority relay

Most domestic boilers have the ability to connect to electrical diagram target that controls the DHW cylinder. This involves, among other things, connecting the power supply to the circulation pumps and switching them. To correctly perform the operating algorithms of the heating system pumps and boiler (which is aimed at priority of water heating), a special boiler priority relay is used. This is a device that switches the power circuit of the pumps according to commands from the boiler control circuit. A relay is structurally a couple of groups of contacts controlled by a coil. The relay is used together with a socket, which is mounted in the boiler. The entire load is attached to the base. When installing a relay base, the priority of the DHW system is ensured. Without such a relay, both thermal loads operate independently.

Gas boiler room in a private house: VIDEO

Self-repair of damaged boiler automation is not only unpleasant, but most often almost hopeless, since boiler passports are not written for these purposes. And without exact knowledge of the circuit and all the intricacies of the automatic system to the common man(not an electronics engineer) it’s better not to even start. Of course, I will not discover America if I say that the best solution will initially take a boiler with reliable automation from a reputable manufacturer, so you risk running into trouble less.

Bimetallic radiators are something of a compromise between clumsy cast iron and cheerful, but not very reliable aluminum batteries. The stainless steel has done its job - the bimetal is much more resistant to an aggressive environment, I mean our mercilessly harsh domestic coolant. Quite recently, I myself literally fought for cast iron, but now exclusively for bimetallic radiators I advocate - in terms of a set of characteristics they win. And most importantly, the heat transfer is good.

Why is automation necessary for gas heating boilers?

When considering options for heating a home, they most often choose to use a gas boiler. If available close to home main gas pipeline This heating option is considered the most economical and efficient.

When installing any heating boiler, including gas, automation is a mandatory component of the system. Such automation for heating boilers allows, without human intervention, to maintain the specified climatic conditions in the heated room and ensure optimal conditions operation of such a boiler.

What does automation for gas heating boilers consist of?

Typically, such automation includes the following elements:

• fittings These are actuators that, under the influence of commands, turn the boiler on and off, and also regulate its power;
• valves designed to shut off the gas supply;
• maximum and minimum pressure switch. Designed to protect the system when pressure drops or increases too much;
• thermostat;
• water and gas pressure sensors;
• controller - an electronic device that, based on the data received, calculates the optimal operating mode of a gas boiler and generates control commands.

Types of automation for heating boilers

From a power supply point of view, there are two types of automatics for gas boilers:

• non-volatile automation;
• volatile automation.

These two types of automation differ in that the first system does not require power from electrical network, and for the second one to work, electricity must be supplied

Accordingly, these two automation systems will include different elements.

Find out how to repair a heating pipe without welding yourself.

Such automation systems include:

• ignition system, which uses a piezoelectric element;
• thermostat;
• draft and flame sensor.

Mechanical automation begins to work after starting the boiler. Depending on the temperature of the heated water, the thermostat changes the amount of fuel supplied to the burner. Structurally, the thermostat is a metal rod. It changes its length with temperature changes. Thus, it opens or closes the gas supply.

The draft and flame sensor is designed to interrupt the gas supply when the burner flame goes out or there is poor draft in the chimney. Structurally, such a sensor consists of a bimetallic plate, which, under the influence of temperature, changes its position and closes the gas supply.

The control and measuring equipment used in such systems is a pressure gauge and a thermometer. This system is configured manually.

Modern non-volatile automation systems for gas boilers can have much larger number nodes For example, Italian non-volatile automation has the following components:

• temperature switching and control system;
• flame protection system;
• setting device minimum flow gas;
• pressure regulator;
• thermostat with burner shut-off function.

For regulation in volatile automation, electromagnetic valves are used. The operation of these valves is carried out according to commands generated in the processor. Using a special display, the operator can select one of the possible modes. And the correct execution of this mode will be ensured by automation.

In terms of the functions performed, automation for gas heating boilers can be of two main types:

• room thermostat;
• weather-sensitive.

In the first case, the main indicator for controlling the operation of a gas boiler is the room temperature. Depending on this temperature, the boiler operating mode is selected. When the temperature in the room drops, the boiler starts working, and when the temperature exceeds a preset level, it will turn off.

Thermostat designs may vary. For example, SEITRO's thermostat operates using a membrane sensor. At a certain temperature, the sensor closes and a switching command is sent to the gas boiler.

SEITRO thermostat

A type of thermostat is a programmer. From such a programmer, commands are transmitted to the gas boiler throughout the day, in accordance with which its operating mode is carried out. The work cycle is repeated every day.

Basic automation functions

The main functions of the automatic gas heating boiler are the following functions:

• automatic start of the gas boiler;
• stopping the operation of the gas boiler;
• control and adjustment of burner power using an appropriate sensor;
• emergency stop of the gas boiler in case of any malfunction.

When you turn on the gas boiler, the automation first starts the hardware of the system. In this case, the temperature is measured and the amount of gas that must be supplied to the gas burner is estimated. On next stage the automation starts the gas fittings, as a result of which gas is supplied to the system. At the same time, a spark is ignited in the combustion chamber, which ignites the gas. Under the influence of the flame in the heat exchanger, water is heated, which is then supplied to the batteries.

We choose a reliable and inexpensive thermostat for a heating radiator here.

One of the options is automatic sabc for a gas heating boiler

An important part of the automation system of a gas heating boiler is the safety subsystem. This includes:

• overheating protection;
• frost protection;
• anti-blocking;
• anticyclical function;
• control of flame and draft presence.

Anti-blocking ensures that the pump automatically turns on every 24 hours to combat scale. The anti-cycling function assumes that the automation prevents frequent ignition of the burner, which reduces its working life. When a signal of lack of flame or draft appears, the automation system turns off the gas supply.

In volatile automation systems, the gas supply is turned off using solenoid valve, through which gas enters the burner. The valve automatically turns off if the gas supply stops. The disadvantage of such a valve is that when gas appears, it cannot open automatically and it has to be done manually. At the same time, in the event of a power failure, after the electrical circuit is restored, the system starts automatically.

Modern automation systems for gas heating boilers allow reliable and safe operation of gas boilers

In modern automation systems for gas boilers, system malfunctions are diagnosed automatically. The results of this diagnostic are shown on the display. This greatly facilitates and speeds up the repair of a gas boiler.

When choosing which automation to buy for a gas boiler, you need to understand that the most modern systems are energy dependent. If the customer has doubts about the reliability of the electrical network in his home, then it is necessary to consider the use of non-volatile automation systems.

Why is automation necessary for gas heating boilers?

The principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages of automation systems for gas heating boilers are considered.

AUTOMATION FOR GAS BOILER

The problem of heating and water heating in country houses that have gas communications is most easily solved with the help of a gas boiler, which occupies a central place in the heating system. When organizing the latter in their home, consumers try to choose the simplest and most convenient boiler to use.

Therefore, equipment developers equip heating boilers running on gas with special automatic devices that not only control its operation during operation, but also provide a high level of safety in the event of emergency situations.

In general, boiler automation devices include:

• gas valves;
• various control sensors (heating, presence of gas, etc.);
• control units;
• security systems.

Goals and objectives of automation.

The efficiency and safety of operating a gas boiler depends on compliance with established operating modes over a long period of time. Moreover, its owner does not always have the opportunity to monitor the compliance of operating parameters with the established values.

In accordance with current regulatory documents, automation equipment installed in gas heating boilers must cut off the gas supply in the following cases:

• insufficient draft in the chimney;
• lack of flame on the igniter;
• low or too high pressure gas

Boiler automation helps solve these problems. It is she who is able to ensure that all operational requirements are met, as well as inform the boiler owner about any irregularities in its operation. Currently, all gas boilers are required to be equipped with automatic systems controls, which, largely determining their functionality, affect the operation of the heating system as a whole.

The main classification of automation devices for heating boilers involves dividing them into two types:

1. Non-volatile - the operating principle of which is based on the use of mechanical devices.
2. Energy-dependent - using complex electromechanical components and electronic devices in their work.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF BOILERS EQUIPPED WITH NON-POWER-INDEPENDENT AUTOMATION

Starting a gas boiler equipped non-volatile automation, is done manually. When you press the button of the starting system, the washer that shuts off the gas supply to the boiler is squeezed out, the valve is forced to open and the gas is supplied to the igniter, where it is ignited using a piezoelectric element.

Ignition of the gas leads to rapid (up to 30 seconds) heating of the thermocouple, which begins to generate voltage that allows the electromagnet to hold the gas supply valve open. If for some reason the flame goes out, the thermocouple cools and the valve closes, blocking gas access to the burner.

The functionality of boilers with non-volatile automation is extremely limited and comes down to setting the required coolant temperature, which is done manually. For this purpose, a temperature scale is provided on the boiler control panel, which is used to set the operating temperature of the coolant inside the boiler.

During operation, the set temperature is maintained using a special thermostat (thermostat), which opens or closes the gas supply valve as necessary.

The thermostat operates using a thermocouple built into the boiler heat exchanger. Moreover, it is equipped with a special rod made of invar (an alloy of 64% Fe + 36% Ni), which reacts to changes in temperature by changing the geometric dimensions of the part. With the help of this rod, which is rigidly connected to the gas supply valve, the flow of the latter into the burner is regulated.

The design of the draft sensor is based on a thin bimetallic plate, which in normal mode is in a bent state and holds the corresponding valve open. When the draft in the chimney decreases, the plate heats up, which causes a change in its geometric shape, and as a result, the gas supply valve closes.

The gas pressure is controlled by a valve mechanism set to a certain value. If the pressure deviates significantly from the set value, the mechanism is triggered, cutting off the gas supply to the burner.

The advantages of boilers with non-volatile automation are:

• low cost;
• Ease of Management, accessible to people who, as they say, are not friendly with technology;
• autonomy of operation which does not require connection to the electrical network.

OPERATION OF BOILERS WITH ENERGY-DEPENDENT AUTOMATION

Management of the operation of modern equipment equipped volatile system boiler automation, is carried out as a result of analysis by a microprocessor control unit of data received from temperature, pressure sensors, etc. Almost all boiler control elements are mounted inside its body, so when installing the latter, it is enough to connect the necessary pipelines and connect the boiler to the electrical network common use.

Unlike boilers with non-volatile automation, the use of complex electronic devices significantly expands their functionality. In addition to the ability to independently support set temperature coolant, modern control and measuring instruments automatically carry out:

• boiler start-up;
• control of the gas supply valve and burner power;
• turning off the boiler in emergency cases.

In addition, automated control units are equipped with special displays that display all the necessary information about the operation of the boiler.

Automated systems, thanks to the coordinated operation of electronic devices, provide uninterrupted operation boiler in accordance with the established operating modes. They also allow the use of special programmers, which allow you to set the temperature regime of the boiler for several days, taking into account the weather forecast.

The only drawback of boilers with an electronic automation system is their dependence on the stable operation of the public power grid. In order to protect automation devices from power surges or power outages, it is recommended to use a voltage stabilizer. It is also advisable to provide for the installation of an uninterruptible power supply.

REMOTE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT

A gas boiler, which serves as a source of thermal energy for the heating system, is an equipment that operates continuously for a long time. Moreover, it can be considered as a set of devices designed to generate heat and automatic control this process.

When developing such boilers, developers set themselves the task of ensuring its stable operation with minimal user intervention. To do this, various sensors, control devices and actuators are introduced into the design.

However, their presence does not exclude the need, and in some cases, the desire of the user, to further adjust the operation of the system at his own discretion. And the more complex the automation system, the more opportunities it can provide.

As a rule, the basic user and service settings required for normal operation boiler, are displayed on the main panel located on the boiler body. The consumer can change them at any time. However, the heater is not always located close to the user. For example, in country houses the boiler can be installed either in a separate room or outside the house. In this case, the question arises about remote heating control.

There are several options for implementing remote control.

With the help of room regulators the most simple tasks- adjustment of coolant temperature. To do this, a corresponding sensor is built into the regulator body, which is connected to the boiler automation system. More complex devices can be used, equipped with electromechanical or electronic sensors and controls with their own autonomous power supply.

They are connected to the boiler automation via wires or via a radio channel. The disadvantage of these devices is the lack of feedback - you can transmit a command, but you cannot receive information about the state of the system.

Controllers remote control.

The remote control controller is a more complex device connected to the boiler control system via a bus through which coded signals are transmitted. Using the controller, it is easy to organize not only the control of almost all functions, but also provide feedback by displaying information about the system status and detected defects on the controller display.

The disadvantages of the system include the need to use control protocols, which make it quite difficult to coordinate heating equipment with the controller.

A telecommunications module equipped with a modem and a slot for a SIM card in the presence of an appropriate controller as part of the boiler automation makes it possible for the user to keep control of the entire heating system at almost any distance from it. The telecommunication module is installed anywhere and communicates with the boiler via a bus. The exchange of information between the automation and the user is carried out using SMS messages via GSM communication channels.

Such an organization ensures that the user receives timely information about the state of the heating equipment and the impact on it using appropriate commands sent from a mobile phone. The only requirement that must be ensured is the presence of a stable cellular signal.

IN Lately Telecommunication modules that provide communication with the user via the Internet have become widespread. In this case, the module connects to a running computer with Internet access, directly or through a router. The signals are transmitted to a remote server, by connecting to which you can see in real time and adjust almost all parameters of the boiler equipment.

Messages about emerging malfunctions and defects are transmitted to the user on email. With the advent of the Android OS, the interface of which is similar to the interface of boiler control panels, it became possible to control the heating system using smartphones, which made remote control heating system is even more convenient.

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AUTOMATION FOR GAS BOILER

AUTOMATION FOR GAS BOILER The problem of heating and heating water in country houses to which gas communications are connected is easiest to solve with the help of a gas boiler, which takes up

, are devices characterized by increased hazard properties. If such a device is not used correctly, it can cause problems such as:

• spontaneous combustion resulting in fire;
• people can get carbon monoxide poisoning;
• Gas poisoning may occur due to leakage;
• an explosion may also occur.

To prevent such dangerous situations that may result in human casualties, all processes that take place in heating boilers are placed under automatic control. Automation for gas boilers exercises vigilant control to ensure that all systems work clearly and smoothly.

All installations that provide heat to homes and premises and operate at natural gas, are certified only if they have high class safety, and this is achieved only due to the fact that automation is used for gas heating boilers.

What is automation for a gas boiler

After the gas boiler starts up, control over its operation is entrusted to a specialized device, which begins to operate within the framework of the program embedded in it. One of the main points of using automation for gas boilers is to ensure the safe operation of the device. And also all models automatically regulate the maintenance of the required and preset heat temperature in the rooms.

According to their own functionality Automation for gas boilers is divided as follows:

1. devices that are volatile;
2. devices in which control devices are volatile.

The first type uses models that require electrical energy, they have quite simple design and work on the principle of residuality. A pulse signal is received from a sensor that controls the temperature, also called a temperature sensor, and a valve operating on an electromagnetic principle, following the instructions of such a signal, closes and opens, thereby either interrupting the gas supply or, conversely, provoking it.

The second type includes energy-dependent devices that operate based on the properties of the physically used substance, the one that circulates inside the circuit of the device itself.

When a substance heats up, it expands, creating pressure inside the unit itself, which increases. And also, under the influence of increased pressure, the boiler itself, which runs on gas, comes into operation. When the temperature drops, compression occurs accordingly, and the chain works in reverse action.

What is the operating principle of automation?

If we take into consideration the principle by which the device’s security system works, then an unambiguous conclusion will be drawn from this - the main points of the entire design are:

• safety valve;
• main valve

They are responsible for stopping the gas supply to the working chamber. They also open up fuel access. All automation for gas boilers is built on this principle.

The only difference is that there are functions that are additional to the operation of devices that are equipped with automatic adjustment.

That is, the device itself works due to the interaction of both valves.

Basically, all systems operate according to the following scheme:

1. The regulator is placed in the position necessary for the temperature to begin to rise for heating the room.
2. A signal is sent to the sensor that the system is working.
3. The shut-off and modeling valves begin to regulate the amount of fuel flow. As a result, the intensity with which the boiler heats up is established.

In order to understand how all these internal processes occur, it is necessary to consider the very design of the automation device for gas boilers.

It is better to dwell on this point in detail, because then the question is which boiler to choose for home heating on gas, it will be more clear. It will also be possible to purchase the most effective model with a high safety threshold.

Automation design

All internal equipment of automation for gas boilers, which is used when installing a heating system, can be divided into categories, there are only two of them:

• the first category is those devices that ensure the safe and proper operation of all boiler equipment;
• the second category is those devices that can significantly increase the comfort when using the boiler.

Safety automation for gas boilers consists of the following elements:

1. the module that provides flame control. It consists of a thermocouple and a gas valve that works like an electromagnetic valve and shuts off the fuel supply;
2. there is also a device that protects the system from overheating and maintains the required temperature; this task is performed by the thermostat. It independently, if necessary, turns on or off the boiler at those moments when the temperature approaches the specified peak levels;
3. the sensor that controls traction. This device works based on vibrations depending on how the position of the bimetallic plate changes. It, in turn, is connected to a gas valve, which stops the gas supply to the burner;
4. there is also a safety valve, which can be responsible for discharging excess coolant (for example, air or water) in the circuit. Some manufacturers immediately provide an element that helps dump excess.

The devices included in the security system are divided into the following types:

• mechanical;
• and operating from a power source.

They operate either under the influence of a drive and a controller that controls them, or are coordinated electronically.

Automation provides the user with more comfortable functionality, which is additional:

1. automatic ignition of the burner;
2. flame intensity modulation;
3. self-diagnostic functions.

But this functionality is not limited to internal structure models.

In some design features models have such additions as sending data and processing it by an electronic system on equipment equipped with controllers and microprocessors. Then the following situation occurs: based on the received data, the controller itself begins to adjust the commands that activate the machine’s system drives.

Mechanical automation of a gas boiler also requires detailed consideration.

1. The gas valve is completely closed and the heating installation is inoperative.
2. In order to start a mechanical gas boiler, the washer is squeezed out, allowing the fuel to start and opening the valve.
3. The valve opened under the influence of the washer and gas flowed to the igniter.
4. Ignition is in progress.
5. After this, gradual heating of the thermocouple begins.
6. The electric shut-off magnet is supplied with a voltage that ensures its open position so that fuel access is not blocked.
7. Mechanical rotation of the washer regulates the desired power of the device gas heating, and fuel in the required volume and with necessary pressure fits onto the burner itself. The fuel ignites and the boiler unit begins to operate.
8. And after that, this process is controlled by a thermostat.

How the security system works

The installation of a security system in a gas boiler machine is a necessary attribute, since all internal processes take place under its control.

The following points are automatically adjusted:

• gas pressure is adjusted;
• if the values ​​fall below those set by the manufacturer or user, then fuel access is blocked. This is ensured due to the fact that locking mechanism lowers the valve;
• if the operation of the module depends on energy sources, then pressure control is carried out through a relay that fluctuates depending on the pressure. They consist of a kind of membrane secured by a rod. And when the pressure stabilizes, the membranes take a position that helps open the contacts that provide power to the heating installation. But if the pressure returns to normal, the contacts close again and the installation works;
• ensuring a flame in the burner. If there is no flame, the thermocouple quickly cools down and the production of the required current stops. And the damper, operating on an electromagnetic principle, stops the supply of fuel to the burner itself;
• the presence of the necessary draft in the channel that provides smoke removal. When the thrust decreases, the bimetallic plate takes on a different shape due to heating. The rod that connected the sensor and the valve takes the system out of operating mode. The supply of fuel to the burner stops;
• the presence of a thermostat that monitors fluctuations in the temperature of the coolant itself circulating in the circuit. Almost everyone responding modern requirements safety systems are equipped with relays and sensors that guarantee control of the presence of coolant inside the circuit.

But you need to understand that automation for gas boilers requires preventive inspections by specialists, because even the best automation can fail for many reasons. But if it is periodically inspected by a master, then the system should work flawlessly.

What functions does automation perform for gas boilers?

The functionality provided by automation for gas boilers is quite wide. It extends from simple start-up and monitoring to regulation temperature regime V different rooms on many levels. It all depends on the chosen model. You should focus on what requirements the buyer has for installation.

Which is better to choose: electronics or mechanics?

In, of course, a simpler mechanical control system is used, and in advanced installations everything is based on the principles of electronic control.

But the whole question is that the electronic system receives uninterruptible power supply, otherwise you can be left with a good installation, but without heat. Therefore, it is better to solve this problem by a specialist.

Conclusion

Of course, only the user will decide what is more convenient for him, but boiler manufacturers advise first inviting an engineer to assess the volumes and calculate what installation is needed. After all, sometimes there is no point in installing a huge expensive heating system, and sometimes it is an absolute necessity.

There are three main reasons why automation is installed:

• saving energy consumption;
• improving ease of use;
• increasing the safety of working with equipment.

The boiler automation system allows you to configure the operation of the equipment so that raw materials are used as efficiently and effectively as possible. Efficiency increases, not only does consumption save, but the microclimate in the house also becomes more comfortable.

The nodes for automation may include:

• temperature regulators;
• sensors for water heaters;
• fans;
• weather-compensated automation;
• heating regulator;
• draft regulators;
• circuit return sensor.

Range

Of the total number of manufacturers operating on the market, best ratings German brands Buderus, Vaillant and Viessmann deserved experts. Their automation, manufactured for gas and solid fuel boilers, is highly accurate and reliable.

Buderus automated systems are very simple and inexpensive. They configure the operation of the device for economical fuel consumption, the necessary comfort parameters, including weather dependence. They are easy to maintain and configure. Control systems ensure that the set comfort values ​​are maintained.

Steam boiler and other types of automation from Vaillant are not cheap, but they are distinguished by a high degree of reliability and durability. A wide range of products from this brand are offered for sale.

Viessmann pays great attention to advanced technology, which is why all its boiler safety automation and rational use resources is built on the latest developments, is compact, environmentally friendly and efficient.

Boiler automation, which you can buy in our store, is a large group of devices that perform various functions to control the operation of boiler equipment. Each manufacturer offers Various types automation for boilers, designed for equipment of a specific type and model, or universal devices suitable for several boilers. If you decide to “buy boiler automation” - in our company you can buy boiler automation at the optimal price, produced by leading companies in the world in a wide range and at attractive prices.

Automatic control systems that are used in modern boilers to ensure work in the absence of people, they can perform various functions:

On/off, time control;

Changing the operating mode depending on weather conditions, time of day or room temperatures;

Shutting down the boiler in the event of a breakdown or dangerous situation;

Forced air supply into the combustion chamber, etc.

Types of automation for boilers

Modern automation for boilers and burners is represented by a wide range of non-volatile and electrical devices for equipment running on gas, liquid or solid fuel. The most common boiler automation solutions involve the use of the following devices:

Thrust measurement sensors: pressure meters, draft meters, pressure traction meters;

Automatic ignition and flame control devices;

Graphic control panels;

Gas fittings (valves, relays);

Controllers and control units;

Fans;

Thermostats, etc.

VIDEO: Instructions for connecting boiler automation

The introduction of automation equipment into boiler equipment increases its reliability, safety, comfort of use and productivity. However, it is necessary to choose an automation system taking into account the type of boiler, its design features and the manufacturer, giving preference to the same company that produced the boiler.

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