How is polycarbonate attached? How to attach polycarbonate to a greenhouse correctly: basic rules

Just a few years ago, polymer plastic was considered almost a curiosity, but today this material, which is widely used in everyday life, advertising, and various industrial sectors and in construction. Polycarbonate is indispensable in individual construction, and especially in civil and industrial. For construction industry Polycarbonate is available in two types - cellular and cast. At the same time, the strength of the connection, and therefore the durability and reliability of the entire structure, depends on how correctly the polycarbonate was fastened using the correct technology.

Methods for fixing monolithic sheets

Since this type of polycarbonate replaces glass in shop windows, partitions, windows and other translucent fences, it is attached using the same elements that glass is fastened to. These can be holders of different designs, with the help of which a sheet of polymer is fixed in the desired position, or a frame structure into which cut elements are inserted and then secured. There are dry and wet methods for fixing cast material.

Fastenings monolithic polycarbonate to the frame using the wet method is carried out as follows: a polymer putty, compatible with both the canvas and the frame material, is applied to that part of the material that will come into contact with the frame and the perimeter of the frame. After this, the joints are treated with sealant. Complete sealing can also be achieved by using specially designed profile gaskets or by using rubber strips.

The dry method involves only mechanical connection. These can be different types of profiles or other elements. They can also be combined with rubber seals and gaskets. To fasten polycarbonate sheets in this way, different types are used threaded connections. The dry type of installation of canvases is the neatest and cleanest, which is sometimes very important.

On a note: Regardless of the method of installing cast sheets, it is imperative to take into account the fact of thermal expansion and take a sheet that is a couple of millimeters smaller than necessary.

This will help avoid further destruction or deformation of polymer plastic sheets.

Using cast polymer for the construction of verandas, greenhouses, greenhouses and others frame structures, you don’t have to think for a long time about how to secure polycarbonate, but attach the sheets with ordinary fasteners using rubber sealing washers: the main thing is to know the rule - at what distance to make holes. It is not difficult to remember the fastening step: you need to prepare holes in advance every 45-50 cm. This distance is enough to securely fix the polycarbonate panels. It is advisable to make holes in cast panels using wood drills. During operation, you need to control the drilling area to prevent it from heating up. When installing, the sheets should fit tightly to the base, but it is not advisable to tighten the bolts too much, so that a temperature play in the finished structure is possible.

Methods of fastening cellular fabrics

Point connection

Today, many consumers already know how to fasten cellular polycarbonate, the pitch of the purlins and the layout of fasteners. Since point fastening is the easiest way to install honeycomb sheets, it is also the most popular. For this purpose, self-tapping screws are used, which are equipped with thermal washers. Their use makes it possible to obtain a reliable, hermetically sealed connection of sheets, prevents sheets from creasing, and eliminates “cold bridges.” All this ensures the use of thermal washers. The main thing is to choose elements whose legs are equal to the thickness of the fabric used. If the structure is large and long sheets are used, then along their long side it is necessary to make oval holes along the stiffening ribs.

Those who are building or are just planning to build structures made of polymer plastic on their site are usually interested in how to drill polycarbonate and at what distance. Manufacturers recommend and experienced builders confirm that it is best to fix the sheets every 35-40 cm. If installed more often, the cost of the structure will increase significantly; if installed less frequently, this does not guarantee either the quality of the connection or its reliability.

To make holes on honeycomb sheets, it is necessary to use sharp standard drills with the following characteristics:

Drilling angle - 90-115.
Sharpening angle - 30.
Feed speed - 0.3-0.5 mm/rev.
Cutting speed - 15-35 m/min.

In this case, the holes should be made no closer than 4 cm from the edge and in no case should they fall on the stiffeners.

Connection by profiles

You can fasten polycarbonate using special profiles and the already familiar thermal washers and self-tapping screws, especially since the structure can be installed in this way even to the wall of a building. The connection for different types of profiles is different. So, if a detachable model is used, then first its base element is installed on the rafter system, onto the surface of which a sealant is applied, after which canvases are laid on both sides, the gap between which can be up to 4-5 cm. A lid is placed on top and snapped into place with an ordinary wooden mallet . After this, all that remains is to close the ends with a special plug.

Good to know: If one-piece type profiles are used, the panels are first connected to each other and then mounted on a finished frame.

When connecting, the profile is pulled through and placed on a polycarbonate sheet.

Is it possible to fasten sheets horizontally if polycarbonate is to be welded and are washers needed? This is the first question of interest to everyone who is building or planning to build polymer plastic structures on their site. This depends on the choice of welding method, which in turn also depends on the size of the product, the purpose and shape of the parts.

Connecting individual elements using hot air welding, when a welding rod is used, allows for 12 hours of drying of those areas where the operation will be performed. You can also connect parts using ultrasonic welding, the amplitude of which should be from 25 to 40 microns.

Many people do not think much about how to weld polycarbonate, but connect the nodes by welding with a hot pad. This method allows you to connect all the parts in the most reliable way. The connection is made at temperatures between 260 and 300 °C.

Polycarbonate fastening

Fastening polycarbonate is done as follows... You can fasten cellular polycarbonate using the same elements as...

How to properly attach polycarbonate

Fastening monolithic polycarbonate
Installation of cellular polycarbonate
Fastening panels
One-piece profiles
Split profiles
General recommendations

Today, polycarbonate is becoming more and more popular in industries such as construction, advertising, and mechanical engineering. The variety of colors, strength, flexibility and easy installation of the material attract many people. There are two types of this material: monolithic and cellular polycarbonate. Fastening cellular polycarbonate is slightly different from fastening monolithic one.

Installation diagram of sealing tape at the end of the panel.

Often, owners of private houses do not want to involve third parties and want to do all the installation work themselves. In this case, the question inevitably arises: how to fix polycarbonate? Next, the nuances and installation rules of each type will be discussed.

Fastening monolithic polycarbonate

For work you will need the following equipment:

roulette;
building level;
electric jigsaw or a circular saw;
drill;
drill;
screwdriver;
polycarbonate sheets;
self-tapping screws;
gaskets;
thermal washers;
silicone sealant.

So how to properly attach polycarbonate?

On a prepared inclined frame or pitched design Polycarbonate can be installed using a “dry” or “wet” method.

“Wet” fastening is carried out using polymer putty, which is distributed along the perimeter of the frame. Then a polycarbonate sheet is laid on it, leaving gaps (about 2 mm) for temperature changes, and pressed firmly against the base, removing all excess putty. Instead of polymer putty, you can use rubber strips (gaskets).

Scheme of a fence made of monolithic polycarbonate.

The sheets are secured at the corners or along the longest sides. The peripheral part (joints) is treated with silicone sealant. To give the structure a more finished look, the silicone can be covered with wooden strips or plastic corners. This fastening method is used for wooden or metal frames.

When attaching monolithic polycarbonate to heavy-duty steel frames, to seal the inside and outside, a rubber seal is first laid, and then a layer of sealant is applied.

The “dry” installation method is more widespread. It looks much neater and cleaner. It is used on large areas coverings. In this case, profiles, seals and covers with rubber gaskets are used, and adhesive materials are not used. All connections are made using bolts, nuts and screws.

This method of fastening is practiced in the case of installing partitions, soundproof barriers or light gateways. The system is designed in such a way that moisture entering the top layer of protection does not reach internal gasket and flowed down drainage channels.

When designing, it is necessary to pay special attention to the aspect ratio of the structure. The most the best option for glazing is a square. If the shape is rectangular, then as the dimensions of the parallel sides increase, the strength of the sheet decreases, and the load exerted on it increases in direct proportion to the increase in length.

Monolithic polycarbonate has high coefficient thermal expansion, as a result of which it is necessary to leave large gaps that will eliminate deflections and distortions of the sheet.

Diagram of the device of cellular polycarbonate.

Polycarbonate differs from glass in that it bends greatly. But this will not affect the glazing. All deflections will disappear after the loads are removed. Flexible plastic requires a deep fit and enlarged grooves. This will help to securely seat the polycarbonate and avoid the sheet falling out during strong deflections.

Installation of cellular polycarbonate

Cellular polycarbonate is used for the construction of pitched or arched roofs with a slope of 25-30% (at least 11%).

This material is easy to drill and cut. Cellular polycarbonate, which has a thickness of 0.4-1.0 cm, can even be cut with a knife. But for a straight, smooth cut, it is better to use a circular saw or jigsaw.

When attaching cellular polycarbonate to the roof, ordinary drills are used for drilling. Holes are drilled between the ribs at a distance of no less than 4 cm from the edge. To prevent vibration, the sheets must be held when cutting. After cutting, all chips and debris are removed from the panel cavities.

The ends are sealed with profiles made of aluminum or polycarbonate, similar in color. Such profiles are distinguished by their durability and strength. They are tightly fixed at the edges and do not require additional fastening. If the profile is not perforated, holes are drilled in it to drain condensed moisture.

The upper ends of cellular polycarbonate, installed vertically or obliquely, are sealed with aluminum tape, and the lower ends are closed with perforated tape, which prevents the penetration of dust and ensures the removal of condensate.

In an arched structure, both ends are covered with punched paper tape. Leaving the end open reduces its durability and transparency.

Installation diagram of cellular polycarbonate.

It is strictly prohibited to seal the ends of the sheet with tape and hermetically seal the bottom edges!

In a sheet of cellular polycarbonate, stiffeners are located along the length of the panel, so the structure is built so that the moisture condensed inside flows through the channels and is discharged out:

if the installation is vertical, then the stiffeners should go vertically;
if pitched - along the slope;
in an arched design, the ribs are arranged in an arc.

The permissible value of the bending radius must be indicated in the instructions supplied by the manufacturer.

Fastening panels

Cellular polycarbonate is fixed to the frame point by point using self-tapping screws and thermal washers.

The thermal washer is a sealing washer made of plastic on a leg with a height corresponding to the thickness of the panel and a lid with a latch. This ensures the reliability and tightness of the panel fastening. The thermal washer leg adjacent to the frame prevents the panel from collapsing. The hole for it should be slightly wider to protect against thermal expansion. The distances between fastenings are 0.30-0.40 m.

To prevent deformation of the sheet, it is prohibited to fasten the panels rigidly or overtighten the screws!

To install cellular polycarbonate with your own hands, use detachable or one-piece, colored or transparent polycarbonate profiles.

One-piece profiles

The panels are inserted into a special groove in the profile, which must correspond to the thickness of the sheet. The profile is attached to the support using self-tapping screws and thermal washers.

Split profiles

Scheme of fastening a one-piece profile.

The detachable profile consists of a “base” and an upper snap-on cover. To mount the split profile, a few holes are drilled in the “base” bigger size than the diameter of the screw in increments of 0.30 m. Then the profile is attached to the frame support. Sealant is applied to the “base”, the sheets are laid, taking into account a thermal gap of up to 5 cm, the profile cover is placed on top and snapped into place using a wooden mallet. The ends are closed using a special plug.

To fasten cellular polycarbonate at right angles, corner profiles should be used. They will hold the panel perfectly and hide flaws in the corner joint. When the sheet is adjacent to the wall, a wall profile is used. For the roof ridge, purchase a ridge profile with a grip of up to 4 cm. It will firmly connect the sheets with any thermal expansion.

When installing polycarbonate panels, thermal expansion must be taken into account. Light or transparent sheets heat up less than colored sheets by 15%!

The surface of cellular polycarbonate is very sensitive to influences mechanical type. Therefore, there is no need to remove the protective film from the sheet when attaching.
Do not clamp the polycarbonate too much.
Small holes drilled in the profiles from below promote natural air circulation. In most cases this will be sufficient to prevent steam condensation in the ducts. The end on top should close tightly.
Before installation, the material must be kept for several days in a dry room. Then the ends are sealed with aluminum tape. If there is moisture in the panels, it can be removed by blowing the honeycombs with compressed air.
Vapor-proof materials (for example, various films) cannot be laid on top of cellular polycarbonate. The evaporated moisture will form a thin water layer between the film and the polycarbonate. As a result, bubbles may appear, the film may peel off, or the metallized layer may turn black.
The design of cellular polycarbonate roofs must take into account a slope of at least 5° (approximately 9 cm per 1 linear meter) to ensure rainwater drainage.
Walking on the panels is strictly prohibited. If necessary, boards are used, which should rest on several edges of the panel.
Whenever possible, sheets should be stored in a room isolated from external natural factors. Intense hit sunlight may lead to the surface of the sheet sticking to the film.

Having made the correct calculation of the amount of materials at the design stage and following the above instructions, installing the structure and fastening the polycarbonate with your own hands will not cause any problems.

How to attach polycarbonate? This question is asked by many owners of private houses. There are “dry” and “wet” methods.

How to attach polycarbonate

Panel cutting

Cellular polycarbonate And polycarbonate profiles easy to cut. For the best quality cutting, use high-speed circular saws with a stop, equipped with a blade with fine, unset teeth reinforced with carbide. When cutting panels, the profiles must be firmly supported to avoid vibration. Cutting possible band saw.

After cutting, it is necessary to remove chips from the internal cavities of the panel.

Drilling holes

Drill characteristics:

Sharpening angle – 30

Drilling angle – 90-118

Cutting speed – 10-40 m/min.

Feed speed – 0.2-0.5 mm/rev.

Sealing panel ends

It is necessary to properly close the ends of the panels. When the panels are in a vertical or inclined position, the upper ends are hermetically sealed with continuous aluminum self-adhesive tape, and the lower ends are sealed with perforated tape, which prevents the penetration of dust and ensures condensate drainage.

In arched structures, it is necessary to cover both ends with perforated tape:

Use similar colors polycarbonate profiles. They are aesthetic, comfortable and reliable. The profile design provides for tight fixation at the ends of the panel and does not require additional fastening.

To ensure condensate drainage, drill several holes in the profile.

The ends of cellular polycarbonate should not be left open.

You cannot seal the ends with regular tape.

The lower ends of the panels cannot be hermetically sealed.

Orientation of panels during design and installation

Internal stiffeners are located in cellular polycarbonate in length (which can be 3, 6 or 12 m). the panel in your design must be oriented in such a way that the condensate formed inside it can flow through the internal channels of the panel and be discharged outside.

When installing vertical glazing, the stiffening ribs of the panels should be located vertically, and in a pitched structure - along the slope.

In an arched structure, the stiffeners must follow an arc.

Take these installation conditions into account when designing, calculating the number of panels, cutting them and, of course, during installation.

For outdoor use, cellular polycarbonate with a protective UV-stabilizing layer applied to the outer surface of the sheet is used. The protective film on this side of the sheet has a special marking. To avoid mistakes, the panels must be mounted in film and removed immediately after installation.

You cannot bend panels to a radius less than the minimum bending radius specified by the manufacturer for a panel of the thickness and structure you have chosen.

The rules for panel orientation must not be violated.

Point fastening of panels

For point mounting cellular polycarbonate Use self-tapping screws and special thermal washers to the frame.

Thermal washer consists of a plastic washer itself with a leg (its height corresponds to the thickness of the panel), a sealing washer and a snap-on lid.

Thermal washers will ensure reliable and tight fastening of the panel, and will also eliminate “cold bridges” created by self-tapping screws. In addition, the leg of the thermal washer, resting against the frame of the structure, will prevent the panel from collapsing.

To compensate for thermal expansion, the holes in the panel should be 2-3 mm larger diameter the legs of the thermal washer, and if the panel is long, elongated in length.

The panels cannot be rigidly fastened.

Do not use nails, rivets, or inappropriate washers to fasten panels.

Do not overtighten the screws.

Connecting and fastening panels

For installation cellular polycarbonate One-piece or detachable transparent and colored polycarbonate profiles are used.

Installation using one-piece profiles.

Panels with a width of 500-1050 mm are inserted into the grooves of profiles corresponding to the thickness of the cellular polycarbonate. The profile is fastened to the longitudinal supports of the frame using self-tapping screws equipped with thermal washers.

Detachable polycarbonate profile"Polyskrep" consists of two parts: the lower one – the “base” and the upper one – the snap-on lid.

1. In the “base”, drill holes with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the self-tapping screw in increments of 300 mm.

2. Attach the “base” to the longitudinal support of the frame with self-tapping screws and lay the panels on both sides, leaving a “thermal gap” of 3-5 mm.

3. Snap the profile “cover” along its entire length using a wooden mallet.

What needs to be taken into account when designing a structure frame for cellular polycarbonate

When installing a cellular polycarbonate coating, it is necessary to consider:

standard panel sizes and their economical cutting;
exposure to wind and snow loads;
thermal expansion of panels;
permissible bending radii of panels for arched structures;
the need to complete the panels with mounting elements (connecting and end profiles, self-adhesive tapes, self-tapping screws, thermal washers).

The standard width of the panels is 2100 mm. The length of the panels can be 3000, 6000 or 12000 mm. Stiffening ribs are located along the length of the panel. The edges of the panels along their long side should be located on the supporting frame supports. Therefore, longitudinal supports are installed in increments of 1050 mm or 700 mm (+ gap for the distance between the panels). To connect the panels to each other while simultaneously fastening them to the longitudinal supports of the frame, it is necessary to use special connecting profiles. The panels should be fastened to the transverse sheathing with self-tapping screws equipped with thermal washers.

In principle, it is possible to mount the entire panel, but practice shows that it is more harmonious and more reliable design from panels with a width of 1050 and 700 mm. When installing them, a smaller number of thermal washers are used, and sometimes you can do without point fastening altogether.

The correct choice of the pitch of longitudinal supports and transverse sheathing is the most important condition for the reliability of a structure made of cellular polycarbonate.

Corner connection of panels

If it is necessary to pair cellular polycarbonate panels at right angles, you can use corner polycarbonate profiles.

Transparent, tinted “bronze”, “blue”, “green”, “turquoise” and light-diffusing “white opal” - standard colors polycarbonate profiles for installation of cellular polycarbonate.

Corner polycarbonate profiles securely hold the panels and allow you to gusset unnoticeable.

Connecting to a wall

When connecting panels to a wall, use a wall clamp polycarbonate profile.

Interfacing panels in the ridge

The “wings” of the ridge polycarbonate profile have a powerful grip – 40 mm – sufficient for reliable connection of the panels and their thermal expansion.

When using other profiles, make sure that they meet these installation conditions.

Neutralization of thermal expansion

When the ambient temperature changes, cellular polycarbonate panels are subject to thermal deformation. Calculate and take into account the degree of change when designing and assembling the structure linear dimensions The installation of panels is not at all difficult, but it is absolutely necessary that when mounted, the panels can shrink and expand by the amount they require without causing any damage to your structure.

The change in the length (width) of the sheet is calculated using the formula:

where L is the length (width) of the panel (m)

∆T – temperature change (°C)

0.065 mm/°C – coefficient of linear thermal expansion of cellular polycarbonate.

For example, with a seasonal temperature change from -40 to +40°C, each meter of the panel will undergo a change by ∆L = 1x80x0.065 = 5.2 mm.

It should be taken into account that colored panels heat up 10-15°C more than transparent and white ones.

∆L for bronze panels can reach 6 mm for each meter of their length and width.

In areas with less severe climatic conditions, the change in the linear dimensions of the panels will, of course, be significantly lower.

It is necessary to leave thermal gaps when connecting and fastening panels to each other in a plane, as well as in corner and ridge joints, using special connecting, corner and ridge profiles for installation. When point-fixing panels to the structure frame, it is advisable to use self-tapping screws with special thermal washers, and the holes in the panels must be made slightly larger (see “Spot-fixing panels”).

It is impossible to install structures outdoors without taking into account the thermal deformation of the panels. This can lead to their warping in the summer and damage to the point of rupture in the winter.

How to attach polycarbonate

Internal stiffeners are located in cellular polycarbonate along the length (which can be 3, 6 or 12 m). the panel in your design must be oriented in such a way that the condensate formed inside it can flow through the internal channels of the panel and be discharged outside.

Correct fastening of polycarbonate to metal - features of fastening to a metal frame

Polycarbonate is very popular today, which is easily explained by its characteristic qualities. The material is light and flexible, transparent like glass and durable like metal. In addition, polycarbonate can withstand temperatures from -45 to +120 0 C.

In this regard, the use of polycarbonate has a fairly wide range. It is great for making arched and domed canopies, various canopies and stair railings, advertising structures, greenhouses and fences.

Panel orientation

The stiffening ribs of polycarbonate sheets are distributed along the length. To achieve maximum structural strength, it is necessary to correctly position the hollow channels:

If the panel is installed vertically, then the channels are located vertically.
In arched structures, the channels should be parallel to the bend line.
In inclined type structures - in the direction of the slope.

When making external structures, you should use polycarbonate, which has protection from the outside ultraviolet rays in the form of a film of special substances. The manufacturer indicates all the necessary information on it. For correct location polycarbonate sheets, the film is not removed during installation.

Tilt angle

Flat polycarbonate roofs must have a certain angle of inclination. If the length of the structure does not exceed 6 meters, then the slope can be 5 degrees. Otherwise, the angle of inclination must be increased.

Permissible bending of a polycarbonate arch

On the theoretical side, the bending radius of the arched structure can be no more than 150 times the thickness of the material used.

For each type of polycarbonate, the manufacturer indicates the corresponding parameters on the protective film. Therefore, it is best to focus on this data.

Polycarbonate cutting tools

It is best to cut polycarbonate with special tools:

Panels no more than 1 cm thick are cut with a construction knife. However, for large volumes of work it is better not to use such a tool.
The most accessible tool is a jigsaw.
If you have the opportunity to purchase a high-speed saw with a stop, then you should pay attention to the teeth of the blade. They must be small, undiluted and have a hard alloy coating.
When cutting polycarbonate with a band saw, you also need to know the relevant parameters. It is allowed to use tape no more than 2 cm wide and no more than 1.5 mm thick. The teeth should be spaced with a pitch of no more than 3.5 mm, and the cutting speed should not exceed 1000 meters per minute.

Before cutting, the polycarbonate sheet should be firmly fixed to avoid vibration. Chips formed during the cutting process must be removed immediately.

Rules for drilling holes

Holes in polycarbonate should be drilled between the stiffeners. The distance from the edge should be no less than twice the diameter of the drill.

The conditions for drilling holes are as follows:

The sharpening of the drill should have an angle of 30 0.
Holes must be drilled strictly at right angles at a speed of no more than 40 m/min.
The hole diameter must be selected so that it exceeds the same parameter of the fastener by 3 mm.
Work should be interrupted periodically to remove the resulting chips and cool the drill.

Sheet end sealing process

During storage and transportation of polycarbonate, the manufacturer protects the ends of the sheets with temporary tape, which must be removed before sealing begins.

The upper edges of the material are sealed using adhesive aluminum tape; to seal the lower ends, perforated tape is used. If the ends are not inserted into the groove or profile, then they are covered over the tape with an end profile. In this case, holes must be made in the lower profile at a distance of 30 cm from each other, through which condensate will drain.

Arched structures require sealing of all edges in the same way as the bottom end.

Fastening cellular polycarbonate to a metal frame

Fastening polycarbonate to metal must be done with elements that have a drill bit at the end of stainless steel or galvanized tip. Sealing rubber washers or thermal washers are mandatory.

When deciding at what distance to mount polycarbonate, it is worth remembering that the fastening elements are located at a distance of 40-60 cm from each other. In this case, you need to screw in the self-tapping screw strictly at a right angle, without applying special effort at the end of the twist. This will help avoid surface deformation.

Rules for fastening monolithic polycarbonate

To solve the question of how to properly attach polycarbonate to metal, several methods are used.

Frame mount

You can attach monolithic polycarbonate to a metal frame in the form of a frame. The main condition is that grooves up to 2.5 cm deep must be made in the frame.

To fix the sheet in the frame, you can use one of two methods:

With the wet method, the edges of the frame and seals are treated with polymer putty or silicone sealant. This option can be used on wooden or metal frames.
The dry method involves the use of fasteners such as screws, bolts, nuts, self-tapping screws and press washers. This option has one feature: the mandatory presence of rubber gaskets or plastic profiles that do not contain plasticizers. It is not allowed to glue the seal to a polycarbonate sheet. Fasteners should be located at a distance of 0.5 meters from each other. The recommended distance from the edge is at least 2 cm. Using this method, you can solve the problem of how to secure polycarbonate to a canopy.

Using support or sheathing to secure panels

If the material covers a large area, then fastening elements can be used to fasten monolithic polycarbonate, as is the case with a frame.

Constructions small size covered with polycarbonate using polyamide glue or double sided tape. Exterior work can be done with silicone glue, which is more resistant to various atmospheric conditions.

In cases where increased transparency of the fastening is required, you can use polyurethane-based glue. However, before using it, the surfaces to be bonded are degreased with isopropyl alcohol.

Types of fasteners for attaching polycarbonate to metal

Point fasteners for polycarbonate to a metal frame are made using thermal washers. The distance between fasteners should not exceed 30-40 cm.

This method has one drawback; indoor appearance may not be very attractive. This occurs due to a mismatch between the connecting profiles and the frame.

Profile fastening involves fixing aluminum or polycarbonate connecting profiles to a metal frame, into which panels are subsequently inserted. In this case, you need to know how polycarbonate is attached to metal.

The disadvantage of this method is that the panel comes out of the grooves under increased load on the polycarbonate surface.

Mixed polycarbonate fastening involves the use of both options in order to compensate for their shortcomings.

Materials for fastening panels

To solve the problem of how to attach polycarbonate to metal, you need to use the following:

Different types of profiles, including end, corner, connecting, wall and ridge.
Fastening elements in the form of thermal washers and mini-washers.
Different types of plugs.
Adhesive tape for edges, including perforated tape for bottom edges.
Profile seals.

Types of profiles and their purpose

Using end profiles, the edges of the polycarbonate are protected, with the short shelf always located on the outside.
Connecting profiles can be detachable universal or solid H-shaped. They are designed to connect the edges of panels. It is important to remember that only detachable profiles can be attached to the frame.
The corner profile allows you to connect elements at right angles.
The wall profile makes it possible to tightly adhere the panel to the wall. Can be used as an end profile.
A ridge profile is necessary to connect panels at the roof ridge, provided that the elements are connected at an angle greater than 90 0.

Types of thermal washers

Fastening polycarbonate to metal is done with different types of thermal washers. These fasteners may differ in the following ways:

Design features allow us to distinguish between individual and universal thermal washers. In the first case, the element has a length in accordance with the thickness of the sheet, which prevents pinching or deformation of the polycarbonate. The second option does not have a leg, therefore, can be used for material of any thickness.
Depending on the material of manufacture, the fasteners can be made of stainless steel (for covering large areas), polycarbonate (ensure the tightness of the connection without damaging the panel), polypropylene (for work indoors or in the shade).
Mini-washers are used for panels of small thickness.

To make the structure attractive and to protect the ends of the profiles from water, dust and insects, it is necessary to use plugs.

How to properly attach panels to a canopy

When exposed to high temperatures, some change may be observed in the polycarbonate, therefore, it is necessary to observe certain rules installation:

Mandatory presence of gaps.
Enlarged holes for fastening.
Using thermal washers.
Application of special types of profiles.

To perform high-quality installation of the panel, you need to take care of the correct storage of the purchased material:

The sheets should be laid on a flat surface with the protective film facing up.
The height of the stack should not exceed 2.5 meters.
The material should be stored in a dry, ventilated area away from heating devices.
It is not recommended to cover the material with polyethylene.

In addition, it should be remembered that protective covering removed from the panel only upon completion of installation work.

The quality of work largely depends on the compatibility of the materials used. Therefore, it is not allowed to use polyurethane, PVC, amine-based sealant and acrylic with polycarbonate.

When designing a frame, you should take into account various types of loads, temperature effects, dimensions of the material used, permissible bending radius, and direction of wastewater. It is very important to know at what distance to attach polycarbonate.

The optimal temperature for working with polycarbonate lies in the range from +10 to +20 0 C.

If it is necessary to move along the surface of the material, supports should be used, the length of which is about 3 meters and the width is 0.4 meters. It is best to cover them with a soft cloth.

If you need to remove residual adhesive after removing the protective film, you can use a neutral detergent. After cleaning, you can wipe the surface with a soft cloth.

Fastening polycarbonate to metal: how to fasten it correctly, how to fasten it on a canopy to a metal frame, at what distance, how to fasten monolithic and cellular polycarbonate

The issue of attaching polycarbonate to a metal base is of concern not only professional builders, but also ordinary summer residents, because it is from this material that you can make a high-quality greenhouse for your plants. Of course, you will be able to get a satisfactory result only if you know in advance about all necessary actions, but we will help you with this now. Let's look at the main advantages of using polycarbonate material and carefully understand the nuances of working with it.

Advantages of using polycarbonate

Polycarbonate is deservedly considered one of the most popular materials of our time. In individual construction, they mainly use the cellular variety, while in organizing decorative partitions and dividing walls indoors, builders more often use monolithic polycarbonate.

Among the main advantages of this particular material are the following:

Light weight. On modern market This is the lightest roofing material, which does not affect its strength in any way. A polycarbonate panel with a thickness of 2.5 cm and a size of 750x1500 mm can withstand loads of 200 kg/m², and it itself weighs no more than 3.4 kg/m².
Low thermal conductivity. In this regard, polycarbonate outperforms glass, since there is an air layer between the walls of the material that poorly conducts both heat and cold. As a result, it is easier to maintain a specific temperature in the greenhouse.
Optical properties. In terms of light transmission, the described material is in no way inferior to glass, and the light transmittance varies between 11-85%. That is, if desired, you can both organize good illumination of the space and achieve almost complete shading. Unlike glass, polycarbonate sheets are additionally equipped with a special film that can protect your plants from harmful ultraviolet solar radiation.
High level of strength and reliability. The resistance of polycarbonate material to mechanical stress is much higher than that of glass, so it is often used in armored and safety glazing.
Safety of use. Even if any damage occurs during operation, both people and plants will be protected from fragments, and if we also take into account the high fire resistance and low weight, then we have practically perfect solution any problem of building materials.
Dimensions and overall dimensions. Today, a wide variety of polycarbonate panels are produced, which can have and different sizes(for example, 1050x12000 mm). At the same time, their weight will be only 44 kg, and one person is enough to install the structure (polycarbonate sheets are easily connected to each other).
Excellent panel processing capabilities. To cut or drill the material, you do not need any special equipment, because all work is performed using standard tools. In addition, polycarbonate panels bend perfectly, while remaining intact and unharmed.
Good savings. In any construction, the material side of the issue is far from the last selection criterion roofing material, therefore it is worth noting the benefits of polycarbonate in this regard. Its sheets usually cost much less than conventional double-glazed windows, and if you also take into account the fact that you will need less material to create the frame, then the profitability of such a solution is more than obvious.

Video: what to look for when choosing polycarbonate

As an additional advantage of polycarbonate, we can note the ease of working with it, because the fastening technology is easy to master in record time. This great option for covering sheds, greenhouses, garages, light buildings and sloping roofs, and the cellular variety also allows you to create arched structures.

Did you know?Cellular polycarbonate was originally developed specifically as a material for the construction of greenhouses. The first sheet was released in 1976, and Polygal equipment was used for its production.

What you need to know about proper fastening

Proper fastening of carbonate sheets requires a competent approach to organizing a strong frame and the arrangement of the sheets of material themselves, as a result of which the coating can maintain an attractive appearance for many years.

In addition, properly selected fasteners and sealing materials that prevent moisture from entering the honeycomb will help protect polycarbonate from destruction (both external and internal).

It is moisture that causes polycarbonate to become moldy, “sweat” and spread inside black mold. Of course, we are no longer talking about any attractive type of coating and, most likely, only replacing the yellowed and blackened material can change the situation.

The consequences of improperly fastening polycarbonate look something like this:

Robot with polycarbonate

The entire process of attaching polycarbonate can be divided into several successive stages, each of which has its own characteristics. Particular care should be taken when cutting sheets, although other processes require high level vigilance. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

How to cut correctly

Before you start cutting polycarbonate sheets, you need to prepare the appropriate tool. A high-speed circular saw with carbide discs and undetected small teeth is suitable for this role, and for small cuts you can use a jigsaw or stationery knife.

As for the process itself, you need to follow the following sequence of all actions.

Video: how to cut cellular polycarbonate First, clear the surface to place the polycarbonate slabs (there should be no stones or any other objects on the floor that could damage the material). The best solution for leveling the surface would be chipboard and fiberboard sheets.

Make markings on the panel itself, marking the cut points with a marker (if you have to deal with a large canvas, you can move along it using a board so as not to leave dents on the plastic). An even cut along the honeycombs does not require the use of a marker, because they themselves will be a good indication of the boundaries.

Before cutting directly, place boards under the panels (on both sides of the marker markings) and place another one on top (it is needed for the person to move when cutting).
If you need to cut the canvas along a straight line, then a grinder is quite suitable for this task, otherwise you will need a jigsaw, and for fine adjustments, a stationery knife. After cutting, all remaining shavings and dust must be blown off with compressed air.

Important!When cutting, polycarbonate sheets should not be held in your hands, as strong vibration can distort the evenness of the cut or injure the worker. If possible, placing the panel on the floor, it is better to additionally secure it with a vice.

How to drill holes

For this stage of the work you will only need an electric drill along with metal drill bits. The holes should be located between the stiffening ribs so as not to disrupt the normal drainage of condensate. It is advisable to drill polycarbonate sheets before direct fastening to prevent moisture from getting inside.

To perform the task efficiently, you must:

prepare a drill with a sharpening angle of 30°;
select the hole diameter so that it matches the diameter of the fastener or exceeds it by 3 mm;
When working, hold the tool strictly at a right angle, maintaining a speed of more than 40 m/min.

At large volume During work, it is worth taking regular breaks, which will allow you to promptly remove chips and cool the drill.

This stage will only be relevant if you have to deal with cellular panels. During transportation and storage of polycarbonate sheets, the manufacturer usually protects the end part with temporary tape, but it must be removed before sealing.
The process itself is simple and involves fixing a continuous self-adhesive tape on the upper ends and perforated tape on the lower ones.

True, this method of sealing the end parts is suitable only for vertical and inclined installation of sheets, while arched structures will need to be covered with perforated tape at both ends. The lower ends of the panels cannot be made completely sealed.

Important!Regular tape is not suitable for sealing panels.

Mounting methods

There are several ways to fix polycarbonate sheets, so each master can choose the most convenient option for himself. Let's look at some of them.

Using thermal washers

Thermal washer is one of the most common fastening elements when working with polycarbonate. It consists of several important parts: a plastic washer (for convenience it has a wide base), a sealing elastic ring, and a plug.
The self-tapping screw is usually not included in this set and will have to be purchased separately. With the help of such a clamp, you can gently but reliably press the sheet to the frame base and prevent moisture from entering the material, and in addition to this, you will also receive a beautiful decorative element.

There are three types of thermal washers:

Of course, the most reliable and durable option would be a steel element, but it does not have the necessary decorative properties, which is why consumers increasingly prefer polycarbonate products, which are only slightly inferior in strength to stainless steel.

Installation of sheets using thermal washers is carried out in the following sequence:

Holes are drilled in the places where the polycarbonate sheet is attached to the frame base.
Then insert self-tapping screws into the holes of the thermal washers.
Place the canvas on a metal frame and secure it in the required position (if possible, it is better to perform this action with an assistant).

At the end of installation, the thermal washers are covered with protective caps (included in the kit) to protect the product from precipitation. When working, you should be careful only at the stage of drilling holes, and in the future all steps for installing thermal washers are very simple and easy.

Video: attaching polycarbonate to a metal profile using thermal washers

Did you know? Polycarbonate has excellent optical properties, thanks to which it is already for a long time used in the manufacture of lenses for glasses. Compared to glass, which is much thinner, this material ensures longer service life of the product.

Using profile fastening

Profile fastening involves the use of special fasteners, which are produced today in both detachable and permanent forms. The latter are more accessible in material terms and are available in different color variations, which allows you to choose the shade that best suits the chosen polycarbonate.

However, working with them is not as easy as with detachable models, especially if the length of the parts to be connected exceeds 3 meters. As an alternative solution, you can consider fastening using joining, corner or wall profiles, but in any case, polycarbonate sheets should extend into the profile no more than 20 mm.

The process of installing polycarbonate using profiles is as follows:

First in the grooves metal profile fix the canvases themselves.
Then the structure is attached to the sheathing and to the longitudinal beams using self-tapping screws. It is better to fix the edges of the panel sheets with self-tapping screws or the same thermal washers, and the middle can be installed using point fastening.

This method of attaching polycarbonate is considered the most convenient, since the joining of the panels occurs immediately on the frame.

Important!When installing monolithic products, it is advisable to choose fasteners that come complete with rubber seals. If your design has complex shapes, then you will have to use only detachable profile fasteners.

Detachable profiles consist of two parts - the main one and the cover plug, and, in principle, are easy to install: first, the base is fixed in the places where they are installed, then polycarbonate sheets are laid, and the upper part of the profile is installed on top.

How to account for thermal expansion

With all its positive qualities, polycarbonate material also has a rather significant disadvantage - with a sharp change in temperature, the sheets become deformed.

Of course, without taking into account this possibility, the finished structure may undergo significant changes, as a result of which not only its appearance, but also its hermetic properties will be damaged (at sub-zero temperatures in winter, the panels may simply break).

Thermal changes of the specified material depend on the type and color of the polycarbonate sheets used:

for transparent and milky sheets - at least 2.5 mm/m;
for colored - 4.5 mm/m.

And this is only if the temperature range is within +50°C. If the operating temperature range is within -40...+120°C, it is better to double these values.

Considering the possibility of thermal expansion of polycarbonate, when installing profiles in hot weather, you will have to place the slab close to the clamp of the joining profile, so that when the temperature drops and the polycarbonate product shrinks, there is room for condensate to drain.

Accordingly, when low temperatures the distance from the profile lock should be slightly larger. In order not to make mistakes in your calculations, you can use a special formula that will help determine the change in the length or width of the polycarbonate sheet: ∆L=L * ∆T * a, where

L is the width of a specific panel in meters;
∆T - change in temperature indicators (measured in °C);
a is the coefficient of linear expansion of the honeycomb product, which corresponds to 0.065 mm/°C.

Thermal gaps must be left both when connecting panels in the plane, and in corners and ridge mounts, where special connecting profiles are used.

In general, polycarbonate panels, or monolithic sheets, are good decision if it is necessary to equip a greenhouse or shelter some outbuildings, but before starting work, be sure to study all the characteristics of the selected product and decide on the mounting.

Only by taking into account all the nuances can we guarantee trouble-free and long-term operation of polycarbonate.

Fastening monolithic polycarbonate

For work you will need the following equipment:

roulette;
building level;
electric jigsaw or circular saw;
drill;
drill;
screwdriver;
polycarbonate sheets;
self-tapping screws;
gaskets;
thermal washers;
silicone sealant.

So how to properly attach polycarbonate?

Installation of polycarbonate on a prepared frame of an inclined or pitched structure can be carried out using a “dry” or “wet” method.

When attaching monolithic polycarbonate to heavy-duty steel frames, to seal the inside and outside, a rubber seal is first laid, and then a layer of sealant is applied.

The “dry” installation method is more widespread. It looks much neater and cleaner. It is used over large coverage areas. In this case, profiles, seals and covers with rubber gaskets are used, and adhesive materials are not used. All connections are made using bolts, nuts and screws.

When designing, it is necessary to pay special attention to the aspect ratio of the structure. The best option for glazing is square. If the shape is rectangular, then as the dimensions of the parallel sides increase, the strength of the sheet decreases, and the load exerted on it increases in direct proportion to the increase in length.

Note!

Monolithic polycarbonate has a high coefficient of thermal expansion; as a result, it is necessary to leave large gaps that will prevent deflections and distortions of the sheet.

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Installation of cellular polycarbonate

Cellular polycarbonate is used for the construction of pitched or arched roofs with a slope of 25-30% (at least 11%).

In an arched structure, both ends are covered with punched paper tape. Leaving the end open reduces its durability and transparency.

It is strictly prohibited to seal the ends of the sheet with tape and hermetically seal the bottom edges!

if the installation is vertical, then the stiffeners should go vertically;
if pitched - along the slope;
in an arched design, the ribs are arranged in an arc.

The permissible value of the bending radius must be indicated in the instructions supplied by the manufacturer.

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Fastening panels

Cellular polycarbonate is fixed to the frame point by point using self-tapping screws and thermal washers.

To prevent deformation of the sheet, it is prohibited to fasten the panels rigidly or overtighten the screws!

To install cellular polycarbonate with your own hands, use detachable or one-piece, colored or transparent polycarbonate profiles.

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One-piece profiles

Polycarbonate fastening

Today, polycarbonate is considered the most popular and in-demand material; if not everything, then a lot is built from it, from canopies to roofs. And this is no coincidence: this material has many properties that are very important for objects under construction. But, despite such frequent use, not all developers still know how to properly attach polycarbonate to a wooden frame so that it holds firmly and therefore lasts for a long time. To do this, in addition to the material itself, you will have to stock up on what can be used to complete all the work.

Tools

You need to prepare:

Polycarbonate panels.
To make the base - nails and a hammer.
The material for the base is wooden beam.
Self-tapping screws for fastening work with sheets.
To work with self-tapping screws you will need a screwdriver or screwdriver.
Drill.
Self-adhesive tapes for insulating end surfaces.
Connecting profiles.

Before you start attaching cellular polycarbonate to wood, you need to familiarize yourself with the rules.

Rules for fastening polycarbonate sheets

Polycarbonate greenhouse made of wood

When carrying out installation of polycarbonate fastening, you need to follow simple but very important rules. Regardless of the type of panel - cast or cellular material, in both cases it is a complex plastic - polymer, the panels can crack, despite the fact that they are highly elastic. The result is that the material will quickly become unusable. Knowledge of how to properly cut the material and drill holes in it for fasteners will help prevent this.

Before you begin fastening, you need to treat all wooden parts with a special solution that will protect the material from damage by insects. In addition, wood in a humid environment may begin to rot, but impregnation will prevent this. Typically, for the construction of a greenhouse structure, timber is used, the thickness of which is 5 cm.

Working with sheets

After the frame is completely built and prepared, you can start attaching the polycarbonate sheets. If monolithic sheets are used for work, they are not bent. When fastening cellular polycarbonate, it is allowed to bend the sheets along the stiffening ribs, but in no case across them. This is important for two reasons: so as not to break those same stiffening ribs, and also not to interfere with the removal of fumes from the cavity of the sheets.

On a note: During installation, you need to ensure that the sheets are laid with the correct side up, UV protection is applied to them, and if the sheet is placed incorrectly, it will quickly become unusable, since it will not be protected from harmful radiation.

Another important point is cutting the blades. It’s rare that purchased sheets match the required dimensions, so before attaching polycarbonate to wood, it has to be cut. To do this, you need to use a circular saw; the rigidity of its disk will prevent cracking of the surface of the blade. The disc must be very well sharpened and, preferably, purchase one that was made from alloys heavy metals. During the cutting operation, the blades must be held securely in place and fed at a uniform speed.

And finally - making the holes. Their diameter should be a couple of millimeters larger than the diameter of the fastener legs. Since wood is a material that conducts heat poorly, you don’t have to think too much about the question of how and with what to fasten polycarbonate to ensure heat retention, but simply use self-tapping screws, without thermal washers. They can be replaced with ordinary metal washers, the diameter of which is at least 2.5 cm. The main thing is to purchase fasteners made of stainless steel or galvanized steel.

Installation of sheets

This is the most crucial moment of construction. The first canvas is laid so that it protrudes slightly beyond the frame frame, and it is secured. Then, using the profile to connect the individual sheets, the rest of the material is laid and secured. When screwing in the screws, you need to make sure that the fastener fits tightly to the canvas, but does not bend it, much less break it. In the same way, work on fastening to the frame is carried out both on the end surfaces and on the doors of greenhouse structures.

Video about the greenhouse

A polymer material that has thermoplastic properties is usually presented in the form of sheets. Despite the different colors, it is transparent. In everyday life it is called polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is intended for the arrangement of greenhouses, canopies, and verandas. It can also be done. It is believed that there can be nothing complicated in working with it, however, there are still some features.

What do you need to know before starting installation?

Polycarbonate by appearance resembles glass. However, its apparent transparency still serves as good protection from direct sunlight. This monolithic material has good flexibility, but is very strong and quite lightweight. The operating temperature of polycarbonate is from – 40 to + 120 degrees Celsius.

Polycarbonate is divided into two types:

Monolithic. It's practically glass, only lighter and stronger.
Cell phone. This is a hollow, but multi-layered structure with stiffening ribs located longitudinally

Before purchasing polycarbonate, it is advisable to determine its dimensions as accurately as possible. This will make it much easier to fit the sheets. You should also be prepared for the fact that the installation of polycarbonate, if presented step by step, looks like this:

Sheet selection (orientation)
Cutting plates to the desired shape and size
Preparing holes for fasteners
Sealing seams
Assembly of all structural elements

It is also worth taking into account the fact that polycarbonate can be deformed due to increased thermal load. This is especially important to know before attaching polycarbonate to a greenhouse, roof or canopy, which will be located primarily under the scorching sun.

Worth knowing! 2.5 millimeters per meter is the standard expansion rate for cellular transparent polycarbonate, and for colored slabs this figure is 4.5 millimeters per 1 meter.

When installing in hot summer weather, the panels must be installed closely, including to the lock of the joining profile. Reducing the temperature will reduce the polycarbonate and the required gap will appear between the profile lock and the sheet, which will provide additional moisture removal.

Selection of panels

When working with cellular polycarbonate, the main thing is to correctly position the sheets, taking into account the stiffeners. The panel must be installed so that the internal channels of the stiffeners have an outlet to the outside. This will remove the condensation that will form inside the sheet. Is it possible to mount polycarbonate horizontally?

It is important! When constructing a greenhouse, the sheets must be placed vertically (the stiffeners must be perpendicular to the surface). If pitched surfaces are to be installed, then the ribs must be located along the slopes. For arched installation, the ribs should be positioned in the direction of the arc.

It is worth paying attention to whether the manufacturer made one of the polycarbonate sides external. If yes, then such a side has a special protective layer, which can be removed after the sheet is fixed.

When working with cellular polycarbonate, you need to take into account the maximum bending radius of the material, which is indicated for each type of panel separately.

Accurate measurements will help you purchase the right amount of material, which will be enough for high-quality fastening.

Plate cutting

Considering the correct location of the panels relative to their stiffeners, it is worth preparing a drawing with measurements of the required number of polycarbonate plates. Then you need to start cutting the large canvas.

A high-speed circular saw is quite suitable for cutting. It is best to carry out the work with carbide discs with undetected small teeth.

Attention! Polycarbonate sheets should not be held in your hands while cutting. Strong vibration may result in personal injury or poor quality cutting. It is best to place the panels on a flat, hard surface and securely fix them, you can even use a vice. And after work, be sure to clear the cut line of chips.

Holes in polycarbonate

You need to drill holes in cellular polycarbonate between the stiffening ribs (this will not interfere with condensate drainage). Work must be done before fastening begins. It's best to drill electric drill with metal drills.

Sealing

This process only needs to be done for honeycomb panels. At the ends located on top, you need to secure self-adhesive tape. The bottom ends cannot be sealed.

If you decide to make a greenhouse from polycarbonate, then consider what needs to be done. This is necessary in order to reduce the risk of crop disease.

By the way, it’s not for nothing that polycarbonate is used in the manufacture of greenhouses. This material transmits light perfectly and is resistant to high temperatures. Read about other technical characteristics of cellular polycarbonate. This material is characterized by high strength.

How and with what to attach polycarbonate to metal and wood?

When all preparatory work completed, you need to begin the process of installing the structure, which is the proper fastening of polycarbonate.

There are 2 common methods of fastening polycarbonate sheets:

Using thermal washers
Using profiles

Fastening polycarbonate with thermal washers

For thermal washers, you need to make holes in the polycarbonate sheets a couple of millimeters wider than the diameter of each thermal washer. Plastic construction on short leg should fit tightly into the hole and snap into place. Its length is equal to the thickness of the panel.

The thermal washer must have a rubber seal, which allows for additional fixation and does not allow moisture and dust to pass through. This installation method can ensure that the polycarbonate is tightly held by washers, which will expand under thermal loads and prevent the sheets from changing their shape. This method of fastening is called point fastening.

The transparency of glass and the strength of metal, lightness and flexibility, resistance to temperature changes (- 45 - + 120 degrees), environmental safety, durability (up to 20 years) - these are the qualities of polycarbonate that make this material so in demand.

The range of its application is wide: flat, arched and domed roofs, awnings, canopies, acoustic barriers, stair railings, advertising structures, greenhouses, fences, etc.

Panel orientation

The stiffening ribs are oriented along the length of the panel.

Maximum structural strength is achieved with the arrangement of hollow channels:

when installing the panel vertically - vertically;
in curved structures - parallel to the bend line;
in inclined ones - in the direction of the slope.

For external structures, polycarbonate is used, on the outer side of which substances are applied that protect it from ultraviolet radiation. The protective film contains the relevant information. To correctly position the panels, installation is carried out without removing the top film.

Tilt angle

On flat roofs the angle of inclination must be at least 5 degrees or 90 mm in the direction of water flow. For lengths greater than 6 meters, the inclination should be increased.

Bending radius for arched structures

Theoretically cannot exceed 150 thickness of the panel used.

In practice, it is advisable to rely on the manufacturer’s instructions or markings on the protective film.

Cutting polycarbonate

When cutting, it is necessary to ensure that there is no vibration.
After cutting, be sure to remove the chips.

Drilling holes

The drilling location is between the stiffeners. The distance from the edge is at least two drill diameters.

Drill:

Sharpening angle- 30 degrees;
Drilling angle- 90 degrees;
Drilling speed– up to 40 meters per minute.
Feed rate– up to 0.5 mm/rev.
Hole diameter make 3 mm larger than the diameter of the fastener.
While drilling Chips should be periodically removed and the drill cooled.

Sealing panel ends

Before sealing remove the temporary tape that protects the ends for storage and transportation.

Upper ends sealed with continuous adhesive aluminum tape, and the lower ones with perforated tape. If the end does not go into grooves or other profiles, it is covered with an end profile on top of the tape. Holes are drilled in the lower profile in 30 cm increments to drain condensate.

In arched In designs, both ends are sealed as the bottom.

Fastening cellular polycarbonate to metal

Self-tapping screws with a drill are used made of stainless steel or with galvanized tip. Be sure to use rubber washers for sealing or thermal washers.
Fastening is carried out in increments of 400 - 600 mm.

The self-tapping screw is twisted strictly perpendicular to the plane. It is important to prevent deformation by excessive pressure.

Fastening monolithic polycarbonate

"Frame" mount

The frame made of metal, plastic or wood must have grooves 25 mm deep.
The longer the length, the larger the internal size of the frame:

Fastening to the frame is carried out in two ways:

"Wet"- using polymer putty and silicone sealants, which are used to process the edges of elements and seals (profiles or gaskets). Suitable for frames made of wood and metal.
"Dry"- using self-tapping screws, press washers, screws, bolts and nuts. It is mandatory to use a sealant - a plastic profile or a rubber gasket that does not contain plasticizers. You cannot glue the seal to polycarbonate.
The fastening step is 50 cm. The distance from the edge is at least 2 cm.

Mounting to supports or sheathing

For a large area carried out by the same fasteners.

For small structures it is possible to use polyamide glue and even double sided tape. For exterior work, weather-resistant silicone adhesive is used.

Upon request For increased transparency, it is better to use polyurethane-based glue. Before gluing, the surfaces are degreased with isopropyl alcohol.

Types of polycarbonate fastening

Spot

Fasteners are made thermal washers directly to the frame, which is made taking into account wind and snow loads. The length and width in this case are not limited.

Fastening pitch – 300 - 400 mm.

The disadvantage is violation of the aesthetic appearance from the inside of the room, since the connecting profiles do not always coincide with the frame.

Profile

Mounted on a metal frame aluminum or polycarbonate connecting profiles, and blanks are already inserted into them.

The length is not limited, and the width is 0.7 or 1.05 meters (the result of waste-free cutting into 2 or 3 parts in length).

Flaw: if the design loads are exceeded, the panel, fixed only along the perimeter, may come out of the grooves.

Mixed

This is a combination of the first two types, allowing to compensate for their shortcomings.

Accessories for fastening polycarbonate

Profiles: end, connecting, corner, wall, ridge.
Thermal washers, mini washers.
Plugs.
End adhesive tapes (solid and perforated).
EPDM seal for profiles.

Profiles

End- for framing edges. A short shelf is placed outside.
Connecting(detachable universal and solid H-shaped) - allow you to connect the edges of the sheets. Only detachable profiles can be attached to the frame.
Corner- mating elements at an angle of 90 degrees.
Wall mounted- provide a tight connection to the wall, while simultaneously performing the functions of an end profile.
Skate- used to decorate the roof ridge and to connect elements at an angle of more than 90 degrees.

Thermal washers

By design:

According to the material:

Made from stainless steel.
They are used for large coverage areas and in areas with strong winds. The most durable and long lasting.
Made from polycarbonate.
The design ensures a tight connection without damaging the surface. Durability – up to 20 years. Thermally stable. They can be monolithic or collapsible. They have a wide range of colors.
Made from polypropylene.
The most economical in cost. Service life – up to 4 years. For use only indoors or in the shade.

Mini washers

They are used in interior design where thin polycarbonate is used.

Stubs

The ends of the profiles are covered, preventing dust, moisture, and insects from getting into them. Provide an aesthetic appearance.

Thermal changes in polycarbonate dimensions

Calculation linear changes can be calculated by multiplying the length or width in meters by the number of degrees and by the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (0.065).
Colored sheets heat up 10 - 15 degrees more.

For example: a transparent sheet 1 meter long with a temperature difference from – 30 to + 30 degrees will change its size by 3.9 mm, and a colored one – by 4.88 mm.

Therefore, you should definitely:

leave gaps when fastening and connecting panels;
drill holes 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the fasteners;
use thermal washers;
use special connecting, ridge, and corner profiles.

General installation rules

Storage before installation

Protective coatings

Not deleted during transportation, storage, cutting, drilling and installation. They are removed immediately after completion of work.

Immediately after cutting The film will be removed from the edges, shavings will be removed and sealing will be carried out.

Materials that do not destroy polycarbonate

polyethylene;
polypropylene;
polychloroplen;
Teflon;
neoplastic;
silicone

Materials not compatible with polycarbonate

polyvinyl chloride;
polyvinylnitrile;
polyurethane;
acrylic sealants;
amine or benzamide based sealants.

Frame

When developing a frame project, take into account:

wind and snow load;
thermal deformation of panels;
direction rainwater drainage;
acceptable bending radii;
size used sheets taking into account economical cutting;
along the edges of the sheet it is better for the side to rest on supporting supports;
installation step longitudinal supports - 700 mm, 1050 mm plus thermal gap between panels;
load-bearing thickness beams must be at least 30 mm for attaching connecting profiles;
before installation the frame is painted white or very light color. It is advisable to prevent direct contact of polycarbonate with metal, using rubber gaskets with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 3 mm.

Approximate sheathing pitch for flat design(without taking into account the angle of inclination and climate characteristics):

Approximate sheathing pitch for an arched structure (without taking into account geographical location):

Temperature recording for installation work

In temperature In the range from +10 to +20 degrees, polycarbonate does not experience thermal expansion. This is the optimal mode for installation.

In hot weather, the gaps between the panels and connecting profiles are reduced to a minimum; in cool weather, they are increased to the maximum.

Moving along the mounted surface

Supports used are at least 3 meters long, 40 cm wide and covered with soft fabric.

Cleaning polycarbonate after installation

If after removal If there is a need to clean the protective film from cellular or cast polycarbonate, use a mild neutral detergent, warm water and cotton fabric. Rinse with cold water and remove drops of water with a dry soft cloth.

For large areas processing uses a machine washing method. Heavy stains can be removed with isopropyl alcohol.

Sheet polycarbonate is one of the most convenient materials used for the construction of greenhouses, canopies, canopies and other various extensions to the house. It owes its popularity to a whole set of beneficial properties: durability, strength, heat resistance, as well as the ability to transmit light and retain heat.

For polycarbonate structures to be truly durable, it is important to know how to properly cut and drill sheets, as well as how to secure polycarbonate to the canopy. This is not a very difficult job, but you need to know a few technical details.

Types and features of polycarbonate

Polycarbonate is available in two varieties:

Monolithic. This is actually organic glass with increased strength. It can be used for greenhouses and conservatories, but this is not the only application.

This material, unlike ordinary glass, does not break and is very difficult to damage. It can have any color, so it has beneficial decorative qualities.

Cell phone. These are special sheets with internal cavities that significantly increase thermal insulation properties.

This allows it to be used in the production of arches, canopies and canopies, since it effectively blocks solar heat with sufficiently high translucency. Such a canopy will not shade the area too much, but it will provide reliable shelter from rain and sun.

Knowing how to properly cover a canopy with polycarbonate, you can create a pleasant recreation area on your site, build a shelter for plants, or arrange a place for guest parking. This material is becoming more and more in demand in suburban construction every year.

Basic rules for working with polycarbonate

This polymer material is quite easy to use if you know and follow the basic rules for working with it. You need to follow safety precautions when cutting and know how to properly lay polycarbonate on a canopy. The following basic rules must be observed when working:

Compliance with the basic rules and requirements makes it possible to simplify working with polycarbonate and obtain optimal results. This is not a very capricious material, and you can learn how to handle it correctly very quickly. Beautiful and even sheets can be used as decoration for extensions; they will become a harmonious part of the interior design of the site.

Rules for fastening polycarbonate sheets

How to cover a canopy with polycarbonate? The frame for attaching polycarbonate can be made of metal or wood. Greenhouses, large canopies and canopies to the house most often have a metal base, steel pipes require mandatory anti-corrosion treatment.

A wooden frame made of timber or plywood can be used for small structures that will not be subject to significant load. The elements of the metal frame are connected by welding; for the wooden frame, self-tapping screws are used.

How to properly screw polycarbonate onto a canopy? Fastening sheets can be done in two main ways:

A special end profile must be installed on the edges of the sheets: it is designed not only to protect the sheet from moisture, dust, insects and various debris getting inside, but also to give the structure an aesthetically finished look.

Rules for fastening using an H-shaped profile

This type of fastening is used for large structures, for example, you can use it to build a carport for parking a car. The H-shaped profile provides the most hermetically sealed connection between the sheets: it closes and seals the gaps between the sheets, and thanks to the pitched or arched design, rain moisture and snow will flow away along the sides of the canopy, which will protect it from excess load.

The H-shaped profile is available in several varieties:

Fastening using profiles is considered a “dry” method that can be used at any time of the year. Polycarbonate does not lose its properties at low temperatures, and work on installing canopies can be carried out in spring and autumn.

However, there is also a “wet” installation method: elements of canopies and other structures can be attached using a special polymer putty, after which all joints must be treated with sealant. This method makes it possible to save on the purchase of profiles and at the same time obtain a fairly durable structure.

Making a polycarbonate canopy attached to the house

A polycarbonate canopy is an advantageous solution for any building: it can become an analogue of a mini-veranda, convenient for placing plants, benches, sun loungers; such an extension requires a minimum of work on arranging the foundation, and it can be erected with minimal costs. Before starting construction, you will need to correctly calculate the dimensions and consider the placement of the frame. If the house is built of wood, the most appropriate solution would be a light canopy based on wooden frame.

The following step-by-step instructions will show you how to properly cover a canopy with polycarbonate:

The first step is calculation and design. The support pillars are placed at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other; for a durable canopy, you can choose polycarbonate sheets with a thickness of 6-10 mm.

The frame consists of bent and transverse beams: the bent elements of the arched frame can be made of plywood, and strong timber is used for the transverse elements. It must be remembered that all frame elements must be pre-treated with antiseptics to protect against rot and pests.

Construction of the foundation. For it you need to prepare holes 60 cm deep, which are filled with concrete. After the solution has dried, metal corner brackets are attached to it, and the pillars are installed using a bolted connection.
Cross beams attached canopy can be installed on special metal brackets, or you can place a transverse beam on the wall, on which the frame attached with corners will rest.
When the base is ready, polycarbonate can be attached to it. For a wooden frame, the easiest way is to use self-tapping screws with thermal washers: fasteners are usually purchased separately, and you need to correctly calculate the required number of fasteners. An H-shaped profile can be installed at the joints, and if this is not possible, the joints are connected using aluminum tape, which prevents moisture from entering.

It is problematic to independently calculate the load on the frame, so you can either find ready-made drawings or order a calculation from professionals. Mistakes in engineering are very expensive, so it is better to take care of professional design. Then the canopy will be durable and safe, and it can be used both for a children's mini playground and for parking a car.

Advantages of a polycarbonate canopy

A polycarbonate canopy is not a very expensive solution: the sheets themselves are relatively cheap, a wooden or metal frame can also be purchased at minimal cost, or you can make all the elements yourself from materials left over after renovating a house or cottage. Fastening elements can also be purchased without any problems, and as a result you can equip your home with a convenient and practical extension.

The area under the canopy can be designed in different ways. The simplest solution is to remove the top layer of soil and cover the space with concrete. After drying, you will get a strong and level platform that can be used to park your car.

Another common solution is paving slabs: you can lay out an intricate pattern on the site, and an arched or pitched canopy will reliably protect the tiled carpet from precipitation. To make it as durable as possible, garden border stones will need to be laid along the edges of the site.

Despite all the difficulties, a polycarbonate canopy remains the most common solution for a summer house or country house. Almost every homeowner can build it with his own hands.

Durable, lightweight and flexible translucent polycarbonate is widely used in construction and structural construction. for various purposes. The advantages of the material include resistance to temperature changes and safety for health. The durability of polycarbonate largely depends on compliance with installation technology. It is important to correctly attach polycarbonate to a metal frame or wooden base to prevent deformation of the material under loads and thermal expansion. The installation method is selected based on the frame material and the characteristics of the structures being built.

Veranda with polycarbonate roof

Monolithic and cellular polycarbonates are suitable for the manufacture of arched and pitched canopies, canopies and verandas. The affordable cost of honeycomb sheet and its ability to withstand high loads (the indicator depends on the number and location of stiffeners) makes the material suitable for the manufacture of greenhouses and greenhouses for private use and for industrial cultivation of crops in greenhouses.

When preparing to install translucent material on the frame, pay attention to the following points:

In cellular polycarbonate, stiffeners are located along the length of the sheet. When installing the panel vertically or at an angle, the hollow channels should be oriented from top to bottom, in free-form designs - parallel to the bends.
On the outside of the polycarbonate sheet, designed for outdoor use, a special coating is applied that prevents the destruction of the polymer under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. The protective film indicating the front surface is not removed until installation is complete, so as not to confuse which side of the panel should be facing outward.
The material is not designed for increased snow loads, so the minimum angle of inclination of the slopes for a length of up to 6 meters should be 5 degrees. The longer the slope, the greater the angle of inclination. In this case, both the rigidity of the sheet and the pitch of the sheathing should be taken into account.
For arched structures, the permissible bending radius should not be greater than 150 times the thickness of the polycarbonate.

Types of cellular polycarbonate for roofing

Preparation for installation

On preliminary stage should be prepared necessary tools and materials, mark and cut the panels in accordance with the project, protect the ends of the prepared elements.

Used for cutting polycarbonate:

Assembly knife. Can be used for small volumes of work; the recommended sheet thickness is up to 10 mm.
Hand hacksaw for metal.
High speed saw. Prerequisites– the presence of a stop, carbide, not set apart small teeth of the blade.
Jigsaw.
Band saw with tape up to 20 mm wide and up to 1.5 mm thick. In this case, the tooth pitch should not exceed 3.5 mm, and the cutting speed should not exceed 1000 m/minute.

It is necessary to ensure conditions under which cutting will not be accompanied by vibration of the panel.

Remove shavings and a strip of protective film from the ends of the prepared cellular polycarbonate elements. If the panel will be fixed vertically or at an angle, it is necessary to determine the upper end and seal it with a special solid aluminum tape. The lower end is covered with perforated tape. The arched structure has both lower ends, so they are protected with perforated tape. This protection prevents dust and insects from entering the channels, condensation and mold growth.

Protecting the material from moisture and dust

If the sealed ends remain free after installation (according to the design), then they are covered with a special end profile. Holes are pre-drilled in the lower profile through which condensate will drain. The hole pitch is 30 cm.

At the preparation stage, you need to choose an installation technology. Sheets of monolithic material can be joined using glue. For honeycomb panels, it is better to use a special joining profile made of aluminum or polycarbonate. You also need to choose how to mount the polycarbonate. Manufacturers offer various fasteners for fixing sheets to the sheathing.

Docking and end profiles

Fasteners

The speed, convenience, quality of installation and durability of the structure are influenced by the choice of fasteners. Please pay attention to the following parameters:

characteristics of the self-tapping screw (fasteners are selected depending on the material of construction - metal or wood);
material of manufacture and parameters of the washer.

Self-tapping screws can be sold complete with washers or purchased separately. If polycarbonate glazing is required wooden structure, you should choose wood screws as fasteners. It is recommended to fasten cellular polycarbonate to a metal frame using self-tapping screws with a galvanized tip or a stainless steel drill tip.

Various fasteners

Polycarbonate thermal washers

Washers made of the same material are produced especially for fastening polycarbonate sheets, which allows you to choose an option that perfectly matches the color - such fasteners look aesthetically pleasing and are not conspicuous.

Thermal washer consists of the following elements:

convex upper part with a wide leg and a hole for a self-tapping screw;
elastic polymer seal (ring);
screw hole plug.

The height of the thermal washer leg must be selected based on the thickness of the panel. The leg limits the pressure, due to which the sheet is fixed tightly, but without pinching. Thanks to this, the glazing remains smooth even when heated under sun rays.

Rules for fastening with a thermal washer

The thickness of the leg affects the choice of drill used to make the hole for the fasteners. The diameter of the hole should be 3 mm larger than the diameter of the leg to prevent deformation of the sheet elements during thermal expansion.

Polycarbonate thermal washers are the most practical and attractive option for decorative structures. If installed correctly, they hermetically close the mounting hole and securely fix sheet material on the frame. The service life of polycarbonate thermal washers is about 20 years.

Polypropylene thermal washers

The polypropylene thermal washer is also a polymer cap with a hole for a self-tapping screw and a plug that tightly presses the sealing ring to the surface of the sheet covering. This product is different from a polycarbonate washer:

less elastic seal, which is made of foam plastic;
lack of a leg on the washer;
lack of coating that protects against ultraviolet radiation;
opacity and a relatively small range of colors.

Since the washer does not have a leg, fasteners should be screwed on carefully so as not to overtighten. Polypropylene washers fade in the sun within a few years, lose color and begin to deteriorate. A small selection of colors and the lack of an exact match with the material limit the use of fasteners - it is suitable for hidden places and for indoor structures, for the installation of greenhouses and greenhouses made of thin polycarbonate, designed for 3-4 years of operation.

Thermal washers made of polypropylene

The advantage of polypropylene washers is their affordable cost - they are cheaper than polycarbonate ones. This type is designed for fasteners with a thickness of 6 mm. Accordingly, holes in the sheets must be made with a 9 mm drill to maintain the thermal gap during installation.

Other types of washers

If there are no special requirements for the aesthetics of the structure, polycarbonate sheets can be secured to the frame using ordinary flat wide washers. At the same time, for indoor structures it is sufficient to use a thin rubber seal; for outdoor structures, a thick elastic seal is required to prevent moisture from entering the mounting hole in the polycarbonate.

Concave disc washers made of stainless or galvanized steel, complete with umbrella gasket made of foamed polymer or thick EMDP rubber. Such fasteners allow you to reliably fix a polycarbonate coating on a metal frame if you need to build a structure with a large glazed surface area in a region with strong winds. To fasten the washer with the gasket, use self-tapping screws or bolts, preferably resistant to corrosion, since the head of the fastening element remains open to precipitation.

Stainless steel disc washers

Stainless steel disc washers have a serious advantage over conventional flat ones - they are able to ensure the tightness of the mounting hole.

Connecting sheets together

In the most simple cases sheets

polycarbonate can be overlapped, but this option will not ensure the tightness of the canopy or greenhouse. Therefore, the following options for joining panels together are used::

gluing using a silicone-based composition (primarily this is an option for monolithic polycarbonate);
use of one-piece profile;
use of a split profile.

Installation via split profile

Profiles are also used to connect glazing to walls or other structures. When inserting the edges of the sheet into the profile, you need to ensure that there is a gap of 2-3 mm along the entire length for thermal expansion of the material.

Polycarbonate fastening

Let's look at how to properly attach polycarbonate to a greenhouse frame. Before the start of installation work, you need to have sheets cut to size with sealed ends, a suitable profile for connecting the sheets and fasteners, having calculated how many self-tapping screws with washers of the appropriate type are required. The frame of the structure must be designed for the atmospheric loads that it will experience after glazing.

Polycarbonate can be fixed in a point-by-point manner. Each sheet must be screwed to the sheathing with metal screws, installing them in increments of 300–400 mm. The panels are laid with an overlap (the width of the overlap is at least 200 mm, and it must be placed on the rafters) or a one-piece profile is used to connect them. It is recommended to calculate the size of the elements in such a way that the connecting profile falls on the rafters of the frame; this will increase the rigidity of the glazing and make it more aesthetically pleasing.

What kind of lathing is needed for polycarbonate

A small canopy or canopy can be mounted using only a split profile - each sheet will be securely fixed on both sides. But this option is not suitable for a greenhouse, since the surface area is large and it experiences serious wind and snow loads. In addition to the split profile, each sheet must be attached to the sheathing with self-tapping screws and washers.

Rules for installing fasteners

The most convenient way is to measure the frame and mark the polycarbonate sheets on the ground in order to make holes in them that are 2–3 mm in diameter greater than the thickness of the self-tapping screw or the thermo washer leg. After drilling the holes, maintaining the required distances between the fastening points, it is necessary to remove the chips.

To lift the sheets to the top of the structure and align them there, you will need the help of a partner. Through the holes made in the polycarbonate in the metal frame, a hole is drilled with a thin drill, and then using a screwdriver, a self-tapping screw is screwed into the metal, having first put a washer on it.

To properly secure the sheet material, the screws must be screwed in at a right angle relative to the frame element. The polycarbonate should be attached tightly, but without indentation, so for people without the skill similar works It’s easier to use thermal washers with legs. After completing the fastening and making sure that the installation is correct, put plugs in the thermal washers.

Fastening rules

Knowing how and how to attach polycarbonate to a metal frame, you can mount a glazed structure of any complexity. If you carry out the work according to the instructions, the structure will last a long time without losing its aesthetic appeal.