Wind instruments: list, names. Woodwind musical instruments Wind musical instrument from the word pressing

Basic information Avlos - ancient woodwind musical instrument. The aulos is considered a distant predecessor of the modern oboe. It was widespread in Western Asia and Ancient Greece. The performer usually played two aulos (or double aulos). Playing the aulos was used in ancient tragedy, during sacrifice, and in military music (in Sparta). Solo singing accompanied by playing the aulos was called avlodia.

Basic information The English horn is a woodwind musical instrument, which is an alto oboe. The English horn got its name due to the erroneous use French word anglais (“English”) instead of the correct angle (“curved at an angle” - in the shape of a hunting oboe, from which the cor anglais came from). Design The structure of the English horn is similar to the oboe, but has larger size, pear-shaped bell

Basic information Bansuri is an ancient Indian woodwind musical instrument. Bansuri is a transverse flute made from whole piece bamboo Has six or seven playing holes. Bansuri is widespread in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal. Bansuri is very popular among shepherds and is part of their customs. It can also be seen in Buddhist paintings around the year 100 AD

Basic information Bass clarinet (Italian: clarinetto basso) is a woodwind musical instrument, a bass type of clarinet that appeared in the second century. quarter of the XIX century. The range of the bass clarinet is from D (D of the major octave; on some models the range is extended down to B1 - B-flat counter-octave) to B1 (B-flat of the first octave). It is theoretically possible to extract higher sounds, but they are not used.

Basic information The Bassethorn is a woodwind musical instrument, a type of clarinet. The basset horn has the same structure as a regular clarinet, however longer length, which makes it sound lower. For compactness, the basset horn tube is slightly curved at the mouthpiece and at the bell. In addition, the instrument is equipped with several additional valves that extend its range down to the note C (as written). Basset horn tone

Basic information, history The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument from the family of whistled wind instruments, such as the pipe and ocarina. A recorder is a type of longitudinal flute. The recorder has been known in Europe since the 11th century. It was widespread in the 16th-18th centuries. Used as a solo instrument, in ensembles and orchestras. A. Vivaldi, G. F. Telemann, G. F. wrote for the recorder.

Basic information Brelka is a Russian folk wind wooden musical instrument that was used in former times in a pastoral environment, and now occasionally appears at concert venues in the hands of musicians of folk ensembles. The keychain has a strong sound with a very bright and light timbre. The keychain, in its essence, is nothing more than an ancient version of the oboe, however, compared to the shepherd's pity,

Basic information The whistle is a woodwind musical instrument, a Celtic folk pipe. Whistles are usually made from tin, but there are also wooden, plastic and even silver versions of the instruments. Whistle is very popular not only in Ireland, but throughout Europe. Most whistles, however, are made in England and Ireland, and they are also the most popular among whistlers. Whistles exist

Basic information The oboe is a wind wooden musical instrument of the soprano register, which is a conical tube with a valve system and a double reed (reed). The instrument has a melodious, but somewhat nasal, and sharp timbre in the upper register. The instruments, considered the direct predecessors of the modern oboe, have been known since antiquity and have been preserved in their original form in different cultures. Folk instruments such

Basic information The oboe d'amore is a woodwind musical instrument, very similar to a regular oboe. The oboe d'amore is slightly larger than a regular oboe and, in comparison, produces a less assertive and softer, calmer sound. In the oboe family he is placed as a mezzo-soprano or alto. The range is from G of the small octave to D of the third octave. Oboe d'amore

Basic information, origin Di (henchui, handi - transverse flute) is an ancient Chinese wind wooden musical instrument. Di is one of the most common wind instruments in China. Presumably it was brought from Central Asia between 140 and 87 BC. BC. However, during recent archaeological excavations, bone transverse flutes were discovered that were about

Basic information The didjeridoo is the oldest woodwind musical instrument of the Aboriginal people of northern Australia. One of the most ancient musical instruments on Earth. The didgeridoo is the European-American name for the oldest musical instrument of the Aboriginal people of Australia. In northern Australia, where the didgeridoo originated, it is called yidaki. The uniqueness of the didgeridoo is that it usually sounds on one note (the so-called

Basic information The pipe is a folk wind wooden musical instrument, consisting of a wooden (usually elderberry) reed or reed and having several side holes, and a mouthpiece for blowing. There are double pipes: two folded tubes are blown through one common mouthpiece. In Ukraine, the name sopilka (sopel) has been preserved to this day; in Russia it is rare; in Belarus it is

Basic information Duduk (tsiranapokh) is a wooden wind musical instrument, it is a tube with 9 playing holes and a double reed. Common among the peoples of the Caucasus. It is most popular in Armenia, as well as among Armenians living outside its borders. The traditional name of the Armenian duduk is tsiranapokh, which can be literally translated as “apricot trumpet” or “soul” apricot tree" Music

Basic information Zhaleika is an ancient Russian folk wind wooden musical instrument - a wooden, reed or cattail tube with a bell made of horn or birch bark. Zhaleika is also known as zhalomeika. Origin, history of zhaleika The word “zhaleika” is not found in any ancient Russian written monument. The first mention of pity is in the notes of A. Tuchkov dating back to the end of the 18th century.

Basic information Zurna is an ancient woodwind musical instrument, common among the peoples of Transcaucasia and Central Asia. Zurna represents wooden tube with a bell and several (usually 8-9) holes, one of which is on the opposite side to the others. The range of the zurna is about one and a half octaves of the diatonic or chromatic scale. The timbre of the zurna is bright and piercing. Zurna is close

Basic information Kaval is a shepherd's woodwind musical instrument. Kaval is a longitudinal flute with a long wooden barrel and 6-8 playing holes. At the lower end of the barrel there may be up to 3-4 more holes intended for tuning and resonating. The Kavala scale is diatonic. The length of kaval reaches 50-70 cm. Kaval is distributed in Bulgaria, Moldova and Romania, Macedonia, Serbia,

Basic information, structure Kamyl is an Adyghe wind wooden musical instrument, a traditional Adyghe (Circassian) flute. Kamyl is a longitudinal flute made from a metal tube (most often from a gun barrel). There are 3 playing holes at the bottom of the tube. It is possible that the instrument was originally made from reeds (as the name indicates). The length of the kamyl is about 70 cm. The scale of the kamyl

Basic information Kena (Spanish quena) is a woodwind musical instrument - a longitudinal flute, used in the music of the Andean region of Latin America. The ken is usually made of reed and has six upper and one lower playing holes. As a rule, kena is done in G (sol) tuning. The quenacho flute is a lower pitched variant of the quena, in D (D) tuning.

Basic information The clarinet is a woodwind musical instrument with a single reed. The clarinet was invented around 1700 in Nuremberg, and has been actively used in music since the second half of the XVIII century. It is used in a wide variety of musical genres and compositions: as a solo instrument, in chamber ensembles, symphony and brass orchestras, folk music, on stage and in jazz. Clarinet

Basic information Clarinet d'amore (Italian: clarinetto d'amore) is a woodwind musical instrument. Structure Like the species instrument, the d'amore clarinet had a single reed and a cylindrical tube, but the width of this tube was smaller than that of a regular clarinet, and the sound holes were also narrower. In addition, the part of the tube to which the mouthpiece was attached was slightly curved for compactness - the body

Basic information Kolyuka is a woodwind musical instrument - an ancient Russian type of longitudinal overtone flute without playing holes. To make thorns, dried stems of umbrella plants are used - hogweed, shepherd's pipe and others. The role of a whistle or squeak is performed by the tongue. The height of the sound is achieved by overblowing. To change the sound, the lower hole of the tube is also used, which is clamped with a finger or

Basic information The contrabassoon is a woodwind musical instrument, a type of bassoon. The contrabassoon is an instrument of the same type and structure as the bassoon, but with a column of air enclosed in it that is twice as large, which is why it sounds an octave lower than the bassoon. The contrabassoon is the lowest-sounding instrument in the woodwind group and plays the contrabass voice in it. Contrabassoon names on

Basic information Kugikly (kuvikly) is a woodwind musical instrument, a Russian variety of the multi-barrel pan flute. Kugikl device Kugikl are a set of hollow tubes of various lengths and diameters with an open upper end and a closed lower end. This tool was usually made from the stems of kugi (reeds), reeds, bamboo, etc., with the stem knot serving as the bottom. Nowadays, plastic, ebonite

Basic information Kurai is a national Bashkir wind wooden musical instrument similar to a flute. The popularity of kurai is due to its timbre richness. The sound of the kurai is poetic and epically sublime, the timbre is soft, and when played it is accompanied by a guttural bourdon sound. The main and traditional feature of playing the kurai is the ability to play with a chest voice. Light whistling is forgiven only to beginner performers. Professionals perform the melody

Basics The Mabu is a traditional woodwind musical instrument of the Solomon Islanders. Mabu represents wooden pipe with a socket, hollowed out from a section of a tree trunk. A half of a coconut was attached to the upper end, in which a playing hole was made. Large specimens of mabu could reach up to a meter in length with a bell width of about 15 cm and a wall thickness of about

Basic information Mabu (mapu) is a traditional Tibetan woodwind musical instrument. Translated from the nose, “ma” means “bamboo”, and “bu” means “pipe”, “reed flute”. Mabu has a bamboo trunk with a single scoring tongue. There are 8 playing holes made in the flute barrel, 7 upper, one lower. At the end of the trunk there is a small horn bell. Mabu is also sometimes made

Basic information, characteristics Small clarinet (piccolo clarinet) is a woodwind musical instrument, a type of clarinet. The small clarinet has the same structure as a regular clarinet, but is smaller in size, which is why it sounds in a higher register. The timbre of the small clarinet is harsh, somewhat loud, especially in the upper register. Like most other instruments in the clarinet family, the small clarinet is transposing and is used

Basic information, device Nai is a Moldavian, Romanian and Ukrainian wind wooden musical instrument - a longitudinal multi-barreled flute. Nai consists of 8-24 tubes of different lengths, mounted in an arched leather clip. The pitch of the sound depends on the length of the tube. Diatonic scale. Folk melodies of various genres are performed on the naya - from doina to dance motifs. The most famous Moldovan naists:

Basic information Ocarina is an ancient woodwind musical instrument, a clay whistle flute. The name "ocarina" is translated from Italian language means "gosling". The ocarina is a small egg-shaped chamber with holes for fingers ranging from four to thirteen. The ocarina is usually made in ceramic, but is sometimes also made of plastic, wood, glass or metal. By

Basic information Pinquillo (pingullo) is an ancient woodwind musical instrument of the Quechua Indians, a reed transverse flute. Pinquillo is common among the Indian populations of Peru, Bolivia, Northern Argentina, Chile, and Ecuador. Pinquillo is the ancestor of the Peruvian Kena. Pinquillo is made from reeds, traditionally cut “at dawn, away from prying eyes.” Has 5-6 side playing holes. Pingulio length is 30-32 cm. Pingulio range is approx.

Basic information, application The transverse flute (or simply flute) is a woodwind musical instrument of the soprano register. Transverse flute names on different languages: flauto (Italian); flatus (Latin); flute (French); flute (English); flote (German). The flute is available in a wide variety of performance techniques; it is often assigned orchestral solos. The transverse flute is used in symphony and brass orchestras, and also, along with the clarinet,

Basic information The Russian horn is a wooden wind musical instrument. Russian horn has different names: in addition to “Russian” - “shepherd”, “song”, “Vladimir”. The name “Vladimir” horn acquired relatively recently, in late XIX century as a result of the success of the performances of the horn players' choir under the direction of Nikolai Vasilyevich Kondratiev from Vladimir region. Horn tunes are divided into 4 genre varieties: signal, song,

Basic information The saxophone (Sax is the name of the inventor, phone is sound) is a woodwind musical instrument that, according to the principle of sound production, belongs to the wooden family, despite the fact that it is never made of wood. The family of saxophones was designed in 1842 by the Belgian music master Adolphe Sax and patented by him four years later. Adolph Sachs named his first constructed instrument

Basic information The flute is an ancient Russian wind wooden musical instrument of the longitudinal flet type. Origin, history of the pipe The Russian pipe has not yet been sufficiently studied. Experts have long been trying to correlate existing whistle instruments with ancient Russian names. Most often, chroniclers use three names for instruments of this type - flute, nozzle and foregrip. According to legend, the son of the Slavic goddess of love Lada played the flute

Basic information Suling is an Indonesian woodwind musical instrument, a longitudinal whistle flute. Suling consists of a bamboo cylindrical trunk, about 85 cm long and equipped with 3-6 playing holes. The sound of suling is very gentle. Usually sad melodies are played on this instrument. Suling is used as a solo and orchestral instrument. Video: Sulingna video + sound Thanks to these videos you

Basic information, structure, application Shakuhachi is a woodwind musical instrument, a longitudinal bamboo flute that came to Japan from China during the Nara period. The Chinese name for the shakuhachi flute is chi-ba. Standard length shakuhachi flutes - 1.8 Japanese feet (which is 54.5 cm). It determined itself Japanese name instrument, since “shaku” means “foot” and “hachi” means “eight”.

Basic information Tilinka (calf) is a Moldavian, Romanian and Ukrainian folk wind wooden musical instrument, which is an open tube without playing holes. Tilinka is common in rural life, most often used by people living near the Carpathian Mountains. The sound of tilinka depends on how far the musician closes the open end of the tube with his finger. The transition between notes is carried out by blowing and closing/opening the opposite

Signal wind instrument

Which stove uses fur?

Brass signal wind musical instrument

Cape in South America

Island in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago

Pioneer alarm clock

Pioneer, signal wind instrument

Forge affiliation

Signal horn

. "pioneer" cape

Part of a blast furnace

The lower part of a shaft melting furnace

The simplest metallurgical furnace (hearth) at the early stage of development of metallurgy

A small furnace with an open shallow shaft used for melting metals in crucibles and heating the workpieces before forging

The name of this musical instrument means “horn” in German.

The navigator Willem Schouten named this cape in honor of his hometown in the Netherlands

Cape that is blown

Brass musical instrument

Pioneer trumpet

Musical Cape

Bottom of blast furnace

Forge furnace

Metal melting furnace

Furnace in the forge

Chimney

Pioneer fanfare or stove

Metallurgical furnace

Gypsum pioneer musical instrument

Music gypsum pioneer tool

Pioneer trumpet

Blacksmith's furnace

Fanfare for the pioneer camp

Musical instrument of the Soviet pioneer

Pioneer camp alarm clock

Pioneer's pipe or blacksmith's furnace

Blacksmith hearth with bellows

Blacksmith's stove and pioneer's pipe

Stove with fur

Pioneer horn

Cape on Tierra del Fuego

Fanfare with red tie

Furnace with bellows

Wake-up pipe

Signal horn in children's camp

Pipe with a red tie

Bugle

Bottom part of the blast furnace

Part of a blast furnace

Pioneer trumpet

Pioneer Drum Companion

Blacksmith's hearth

Signal horn

The southernmost cape of Tierra del Fuego

The simplest metallurgical furnace

Wind musical instrument

Island and cape in Argentina

The lower part of a shaft melting furnace

Bottom part of blast furnace, cupola furnace

. "Musical" cape

. "Pioneer" Cape

M. and mining cf. (see goryat, burn, rake), a type of furnace with a wide brow (tent), with a bellows, a blower or draft, for heating and partly smelting work; own that part of the working furnace where the fire is, for heating, melting, etc. A forge forge, in which iron is heated or boiled for forging; it can be, depending on the work: welded, laid, wedge, oblique, etc. The forge is loud, large, for making iron from cast iron. blast furnace, and in a smaller form, cupola, iron-smelting. extractive (mining) where silver is smelted; separation (purifying), where silver is purified. Ur.-Kaz. forge, rod chuvala, butt, on which food is cooked, milk for kaymak; blmr. galley, carbass stove. Forge, pertaining to a forge. Forge casing, frame, arch above the forge, with a pipe. Forge window, an opening in the wall of the forge for setting up a tuyere. Forge stone, fire-resistant, used. when calcining forges. Crucible Wed. forge, a place for heating, melting, cleaning by fire. Crucible, belonging to or relating to the crucible. Gornovishche Wed. remains or ruins of an abandoned forge. Miner m. worker at the forge, to support the fire, etc. Miner m. church. pot; Little Russian Belarusian garnok, garnushka. There will be a merchant for a holey miner. wedding The song remembers mountaineers, at feasts, mugs, glasses; Isn’t that why the proud guests are wrong? proud? Gornatik m. Kaz. clay or fashionable vessel. Gornushka eastern a corner with a hole, to the left of the hearth of a Russian stove, where the heat is raked; grandma, baburka, stove, zagnetka, zharotok, porsk, ash pan

M. mus. German a special type of clarinet, in military music, a type of trumpet, horn. Bugler m. musician who plays the bugle. Gornistov, owned by him

The name of this musical instrument means "horn" in German.

Part of the forge

Pioneer fanfare

Pioneer drum partner

Music Soviet instrument pioneer

Blacksmith's Hearth

Cape Ognen. Earth or pioneer pipe

A list of them will be given in this article. It also contains information about the types of wind instruments and the principle of extracting sound from them.

Wind instruments

These are pipes that can be made of wood, metal or any other material. They have different shape and produce musical sounds of different timbres, which are produced through air flow. The timbre of the “voice” of a wind instrument depends on its size. The larger it is, the more air passes through it, which makes its vibration frequency lower and the sound produced low.

There are two ways to change the output of a given type of instrument:

• adjusting the air volume with your fingers, using rockers, valves, valves, and so on, depending on the type of tool;
• increasing the force of blowing an air column into the pipe.

The sound depends entirely on the flow of air, hence the name - wind instruments. A list of them will be given below.

Varieties of wind instruments

There are two main types - copper and wood. Initially, they were classified in this way depending on the material from which they were made. Nowadays, the type of instrument largely depends on the way the sound is extracted from it. For example, the flute is considered a woodwind instrument. Moreover, it can be made of wood, metal or glass. The saxophone is always produced only in metal, but belongs to the woodwind class. Copper tools can be made from various metals: copper, silver, brass and so on. There is a special variety - keyboard wind instruments. The list of them is not so long. These include harmonium, organ, accordion, melodica, button accordion. Air enters them thanks to special bellows.

What instruments are wind instruments?

Let's list the wind instruments. The list is as follows:

• pipe;
• clarinet;
• trombone;
• accordion;
• flute;
• saxophone;
• organ;
• zurna;
• oboe;
• harmonium;
• balaban;
• accordion;
• French horn;
• bassoon;
• tuba;
• bagpipes;
• duduk;
• harmonica;
• Macedonian gaida;
• shakuhachi;
• ocarina;
• serpent;
• horn;
• helicon;
• didgeridoo;
• kurai;
• trembita.

You can name some other similar tools.

Brass

Brass wind musical instruments, as mentioned above, are made of various metals, although in the Middle Ages there were also those made of wood. The sound is extracted from them by strengthening or weakening the blown air, as well as by changing the position of the musician’s lips. Initially, brass instruments were played only in the 30s of the 19th century, valves appeared on them. This allowed such instruments to reproduce a chromatic scale. The trombone has a retractable slide for these purposes.

Brass instruments (list):

• pipe;
• trombone;
• French horn;
• tuba;
• serpent;
• helicon.

Woodwinds

Musical instruments of this type were initially made exclusively from wood. Today this material is practically not used for their production. The name reflects the principle of sound production - there is a wooden reed inside the tube. These musical instruments are equipped with holes on the body, located at a strictly defined distance from each other. The musician opens and closes them while playing with his fingers. Thanks to this, a certain sound is obtained. Woodwind instruments sound according to this principle. The names (list) included in this group are as follows:

• clarinet;
• zurna;
• oboe;
• balaban;
• flute;
• bassoon.

Reed musical instruments

There is another type of wind instrument - reed. They sound thanks to a flexible vibrating plate (tongue) located inside. The sound is produced by exposing it to air, or by pulling and plucking. Based on this feature, you can create a separate list of tools. Reed wind instruments are divided into several types. They are classified according to the method of sound extraction. It depends on the type of reed, which can be metal (for example, as in organ pipes), freely slipping (as in Jew's harp and harmonicas), or beating, or reed, as in reed woodwinds.

List of tools of this type:

• harmonica;
• Jew's harp;
• clarinet;
• accordion;
• bassoon;
• saxophone;
• kalimba;
• harmonic;
• oboe;
• hulus.

Wind instruments with a freely slipping reed include: button accordion, labial. In them, air is pumped by blowing through the musician’s mouth, or by bellows. The air flow causes the reeds to vibrate and thus produce sound from the instrument. The harp also belongs to this type. But its tongue vibrates not under the influence of an air column, but with the help of the musician’s hands, by pinching and pulling it. Oboe, bassoon, saxophone and clarinet are of a different type. In them the tongue is beating, and it is called a cane. The musician blows air into the instrument. As a result, the reed vibrates and sound is produced.

Where are wind instruments used?

Wind instruments, the list of which was presented in this article, are used in orchestras of various compositions. For example: military, brass, symphonic, pop, jazz. And also occasionally they can perform as part of a chamber ensemble. It is extremely rare that they are soloists.

Flute

This is a list related to this has been given above.

The flute is one of the oldest musical instruments. It does not use a reed like other woodwinds. Here the air is cut through the edge of the instrument itself, due to which sound is formed. There are several types of flutes.

Syringa is a single-barreled or multi-barreled instrument of Ancient Greece. Its name comes from the name of the bird's vocal organ. The multi-barreled syringa later became known as the Pan flute. On this instrument ancient times peasants and shepherds played. IN Ancient Rome Syringa accompanied the performances on stage.

Block flute - wooden instrument, belonging to the whistle family. Close to it are the sopilka, pipe and whistle. Its difference from other woodwinds is that it back side there is an octave valve, that is, a hole for closing with a finger, on which the pitch of other sounds depends. They are extracted by blowing air and closing the 7 holes on the front side with the musician’s fingers. This type of flute was most popular between the 16th and 18th centuries. Its timbre is soft, melodious, warm, but at the same time its capabilities are limited. Such great composers as Anthony Vivaldi, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel and others used the recorder in many of their works. The sound of this instrument is weak, and gradually its popularity declined. This happened after the transverse flute appeared, which is by far the most used. Nowadays, the recorder is used mainly as a teaching instrument. Beginning flutists master it first, only then move on to the longitudinal one.

The piccolo flute is a type of transverse flute. It has the highest timbre of all wind instruments. Its sound is whistling and piercing. Piccolo is half as long as usual. Its range is from “D” second to “C” fifth.

Other types of flutes: transverse, panflute, di, Irish, kena, flute, pyzhatka, whistle, ocarina.

Trombone

This is a brass instrument (the list of those included in this family was presented in this article above). The word "trombone" is translated from Italian as "big trumpet". It has existed since the 15th century. The trombone differs from other instruments in this group in that it has a slide - a tube with which the musician produces sounds by changing the volume of air flow inside the instrument. There are several types of trombone: tenor (the most common), bass and alto (used less frequently), double bass and soprano (practically not used).

Khulus

This is a Chinese brass reed instrument, having additional tubes. Its other name is bilandao. He has three or four pipes in total - one main (melodic) and several bourdon (low-sounding). The sound of this instrument is soft and melodic. Most often, hulus are used for solo performance, very rarely - in an ensemble. Traditionally, men played this instrument when declaring their love to a woman.