How to attach a veranda to a country house: step-by-step first-hand instructions. Veranda attached to the house - design projects and decoration of a modern terrace (60 photos) We build a veranda to the house with our own

Attaching a veranda to wooden houses with your own hands is not at all difficult. It is quite possible to handle the installation of the structure yourself, and the result will be no worse than that of professionals.

The veranda is a multifunctional room.

Typically, it is used as summer building. It not only increases usable area, but also makes the house more comfortable.

In the photo below you can see various options verandas attached to the house with your own hands.

You can easily and quickly attach a structure to your house with your own hands, following certain rules.

Firstly, it is advisable to use wood as the main frame material. It is cheap in terms of budget and convenient to install.

Secondly, the terrace must stand on a monolithic, strip or columnar foundation.

Let's try to install it correctly with our own hands wooden veranda on a columnar foundation to the main house.

The photo below shows an image of such a veranda.

Preparatory work

• study the design of the house;
• draw up a project and draw a preliminary drawing of the future structure;
• select materials and calculate estimates;
• take into account the type of terrain and soil;
• choose a foundation suitable for the terrain and building;
• choose the design fastening option.

Only after all this work has been completed can you proceed directly to the installation of the attached veranda.

Foundation installation

If the house has already been built, and the installation of the veranda is carried out later, then installing a columnar foundation is the best option.

To do this, we dig through small gaps holes measuring 300 mm by 300 mm and about a meter deep (in order not to dig with your own hands, you can use a drill).

At the bottom of the pits we place a layer of sand about 20 cm (at sandy soil it is necessary to lay a layer of crushed stone and pour hot bitumen on it).

Mix cement with sand, pour the solution, filling the holes to the brim. After the foundation has hardened well, we begin to lay the pillars of bricks.

We make the tables low so that the floor level of the terrace is at least 20 cm below the level of the house.

We fill the gaps between the pillars with expanded clay and coat the bricks on the outside concrete mortar- this will protect the base from moisture.

After the entire structure has completely dried, you can begin installing the frame. The photo below shows a site with a finished foundation.

Installation of the frame part

The construction of the frame part of the structure, which is adjacent to the house, of all construction takes the most time and is a rather difficult task.

It would be right to study this process in as much detail as possible:

• First you need to make the bottom trim. We lay wooden beams on the brick pillars, connecting their corners into a “half-tree”. Fastening can be done either with nails or with spikes, having first made through holes;
• We cut out or hollow out grooves for the joists on the entire bottom trim; we will later lay the floor on them. In this case, we cut out the grooves in the form of cubes with equal sides 5 cm each, the distance between them should be at least 0.5 meters. So it is necessary to process the entire perimeter, then the racks will be installed in these grooves;
• We make tenons of the appropriate size on the wooden bars of the racks (we expect them to fit into the grooves with tension). We install the racks strictly vertically and secure them for reliability using nails and staples;
• When fastening wooden racks, do not forget about installing a cross beam (window sill beam) and strengthen the fastening with tenons. The cross beam not only serves as a support for the window, but also increases the rigidity and stability of the attached elements;
• We mount it at the top of the racks top harness, using nails, tenons or staples and cutting grooves in it for the rafters;
• We fasten the rafters to a horizontal beam (purlin) using nails and tenons. The height in this case is calculated so that the structure being built not only fits as closely as possible to the house, but can also fit under the roof slope;
• We complete the installation of the frame by fastening the outer posts with anchors.

At first glance, installing a terrace frame with your own hands seems quite difficult. But don't be afraid. It’s difficult only in the first moments, but then experience comes and the process goes like clockwork.

Wall installation

We cover the walls along the outside, starting from the bottom garter and rising to the window beam.

The process of cladding from the outside is due to the fact that, as a rule, terrace walls do not require additional insulation, since the design relates to summer version buildings.

Sheathing is done using laminated chipboard sheets, carriage boards or wooden panels.

If you plan to use the room in winter, then we cover the structure from the inside, using insulation. On the racks from the inside of the terrace we cut grooves about 2 cm deep.

We install the sheathing material and secure it on the inside with timber with nails.

The photo below shows a veranda adapted (insulated) for the winter period.

Installing the roof and floor

As a rule, the veranda is different pitched roof, flatter than the roof of the main building.

Let's learn how to install a roof and floor with your own hands:

• We install dense sheathing to the rafters (you can take uncut boards to save the budget calculated for the project);
• On the sheathing we make a roofing felt flooring or take any other roofing material (if you want to additionally protect the space from moisture, you need to put a layer waterproofing material);
• When laying the floor with your own hands, we nail it on the joists edged boards about 3-4 cm in thickness (to treat the boards we use an antiseptic, this will protect the floor from rotting and fungi);
• Next, we paint the boards or cover them with a floor covering (for example, linoleum).

After installing the frame, installing the roof will not cause you any problems. The photo below shows the assembled frame structure.

Installation of windows and doors

We insert the windows into the space between the window sill beam and the top trim. We adjust the line of window blocks to the same level and secure them with wedges or nails.

We install in them wooden frames and insert glass (if you plan to install plastic or sliding windows, then they are mounted using a certain technology, depending on the chosen option).

The door frame must fit the size of the doorway (when installing walls, do not forget about this). We secure the opening using 2 upper anchors.

We align it horizontally, focusing on the floor level, then align it vertically, focusing on the racks door frame. Afterwards we fasten the lower anchors.

Result: so we installed the veranda structure to wooden house. As you can see, all the work can be done with your own hands and the result will be at a good level.

In the photo below you see images of verandas built using the same technology with your own hands.

It would be correct if you do not attach the terrace to the house, but only make an extension. There are 2 reasons for this:

If the foundations of the house and veranda were installed in different time(in this case this is the case, since we were adding a veranda to an already standing house), then over time they will give different drawdowns.

If the veranda is attached to the wall of the house, it may become warped. In rare cases, instead of misalignment, free spaces appear between the house and the veranda.

In this case, they can be removed using polyurethane foam.

A terrace not attached to the main building is considered a separate building and does not belong to the house, which means it is not subject to payment for living space.

In addition, if you carry out the fastening, then you will have to make changes to the house plan, which causes many problems when selling

Therefore, you should think several times before deciding to attach the veranda to the house. Based on this, we considered the option of building without such fastenings.

A terrace is a platform attached to a house or standing separately. It usually resembles a large porch adjacent to the wall at the entrance to the house. In the southern regions, terraces are usually open. In the middle zone they are covered with awnings or awnings. The terrace design can be initially included in the house construction plan and built on the same foundation. But, if the house already exists, adding a terrace to it will not be difficult for anyone home handyman. Let's talk about what basic terrace designs exist and how to build them yourself.

Before you start building a terrace, you should carry out the design and decide which design option to give preference to.

The most simple designs terraces are made at ground level. These are paved areas paving slabs, paving stones or clinker. Paving is carried out on a gravel-sand cushion laid in a pre-arranged excavation in the ground, 20-30 cm high.

On a gravel dump, you can also build a wooden terrace with a deck made of boards or composite decking. Wooden blocks or steel profiles, playing the role of lag. Wooden support beams are mounted on them. Flooring boards are fixed on top.

Terraces raised above ground level are more complex in design. Moreover, they can be raised either by 15-20 cm or by 2-3 m (second floor level). In this case, you cannot do without a foundation. Such a terrace rests on reinforced concrete slabs, blocks or piles, playing the role of a monolithic, columnar or pile foundation. An example of a raised terrace: a platform in the form reinforced concrete slab, lined with ceramics or porcelain stoneware. When building a wooden raised terrace, they fix it on the selected foundation (concrete columns, slabs, piles). wooden joists, which are sheathed on top with edged or decking boards (decking).

We will provide you with several options for constructing a terrace, presented in the form of informational master classes.

Option 1. Terrace paved with clinker

This version of the terrace is built on a compacted sand cushion at ground level. The clinker tiles from which the flooring is laid make it possible to form curved lines of the site. To clearly define the boundaries of the terrace, fences are installed along its perimeter. For example, small wooden posts impregnated with antiseptics.

The work is carried out as follows:

1. Clear the soil where the paved terrace is installed. Remove stones, snags, remove upper layer soil, 20 cm thick.

2. Sand is poured into the resulting recess in a layer of 15 cm.

3. Along the intended border of the area, dig a trench with dimensions of 70x70 cm (depth, width). A layer of gravel or sand 15-20 cm high is poured onto the bottom of the trench. It is necessary for better outlet water in the place where the fencing posts are installed.

4. In the trench, on the drainage layer, install two rows of wooden posts (along the inner and outside). Their verticality is controlled by the building level. The posts installed at the ends of the fence are fastened with self-tapping screws. This solution provides stronger adhesion of structural elements and does not allow them to shift and fall out of alignment.

The fence has the appearance of a closed “pocket”, which will later be used as a flower bed framing the terrace. If setting up a flower bed is not part of your plans, then the border can be made in one row by installing bricks, ready-made plastic fencing, etc. in the trench.

5. To prevent soil from being washed out of the future flower bed, a layer of roofing material is placed inside the enclosing “pocket”, placing it on the walls of the posts. The roofing material is laid to the height of the planned level of backfilling with soil. At several points, the waterproofing layer is secured to the walls of the posts with screws or nails.

6. Pegs are driven into the ground, from the wall of the house to the fence, in increments of 3 m and cords are pulled on them with a slope of 2-3 cm per 1 linear meter. In this way, the level of sand backfill is outlined, which must form a slope for the drainage of rainwater from the terrace area.

7. The sand backfill is compacted and leveled to the level of the stretched cords, adding, if necessary, the missing amount of sand.

8. Begin installation of clinker tiles. Each tile is laid on a layer of sand, pressed tightly and tapped on the surface with a rubber hammer.

9. The remaining free areas, between the paving and the fence, are covered with large decorative gravel.

10. The seams between the tiles are filled with fine sand using a stiff brush.

11. Excess sand on the surface is washed off with a stream of water from under the hose. The pressure should be small so that the sand does not wash out of the seams.

12. So that rain moisture can flow freely from the paved area, drainage is performed. To do this, a drainage pipe with slots, wrapped in jute fabric, is laid along the fence posts with a slope (so that debris and soil do not get into the slots). To camouflage the surface of the pipe, cover it with gravel.

End of the stacked drainage pipe connect to the pipe storm sewer. The drain outlet is also connected here through a tee. A gutter with a grate is installed in the desired location.

Option #2. Wooden terrace on gravel

A durable and easy-to-make terrace, built on a gravel backfill, can easily be made from steel profiles (joists), wooden blocks and boards. Since they will practically lie at ground level, for this version of the terrace it is allowed to use only wood from hard, non-rotting species: larch, oak, garapa, teak, merbau, etc. Before use, boards are treated with antiseptics to protect them from moisture, rot, insects, and UV rays.

Progress:

1. At the site of the future site, remove the top layer of soil, 20-30 cm thick.

2. Fill the pit with gravel.

3. Steel profiles are laid on the gravel, forming a slope of 2-3 cm per 1 running meter. The distance between the profiles is about 500-600 mm.

4. Load-bearing beams are attached to the profiles. The distance between the beams is about 600 mm if the thickness of the decking board is 27 mm. With a board thickness of 20 mm, the pitch of the beams will have to be reduced to 400 mm. For additional protection beams from moisture, rubber gaskets cut to the width of the boards are placed in places where they come into contact with the profiles.

5. The supporting beams are covered with dark protective fabric (geotextile, for example) to prevent the germination of weeds.

6. Perpendicular to the supporting beams, a flooring is assembled from boards with gaps of 2-3 m. Spacers are installed between the boards and the protective fabric to prevent moisture from accumulating in the floor space. A compensation gap of 1-2 cm is left between the walls and the flooring.

7. Upon completion of assembly, the boardwalk is covered with antiseptics, coloring impregnations or varnish.

Option #3. Terrace on a columnar foundation

Wooden terrace on a columnar foundation - the traditional and most win-win option. The structure is adjacent to the house and, in fact, forms one whole with it. Columnar foundation is capable of raising the platform by 15-60 cm. At the same time, the ventilated space formed under the flooring contributes to effective ventilation elements of the terrace and minimizes the possibility of wood rotting.

Step-by-step construction instructions:

1. To connect the future terrace area with the house, the first beam is fixed horizontally on the wall adjacent to it (at the level of the terrace). A galvanized steel drain is mounted above the upper edge of the beam.

2. Excavations are made in the places where concrete pillars are installed. The columns should be installed in increments of 1.5-2 m. The recesses are made taking into account the desired elevation of the terrace, the height of the columns and the required layer of gravel backfill, 10-15 cm thick.

3. Gravel filling is poured into the recesses, then trapezoidal concrete columns are installed. A metal embedded part for square beams is attached to the top platform of each column.

4. The support beams are placed into the embedded parts on the posts and secured with screws.

5. Platform beams are mounted on top of the support beams, perpendicular to them, at a distance of 40-60 cm from each other.

6. Screw the terrace boards to the platform beams, maintaining 2-3 mm gaps between them. The gaps serve to prevent rainwater from accumulating on the deck and allow it to flow freely into the subfloor.

7. If unprepared edged boards are used for the deck, the surface of the deck may look uneven after installation. Therefore, the floor is leveled with a grinder, bringing all points of the terrace to the same level. After sanding, wood dust is removed and the boards are treated with impregnation - antiseptic or coloring. When using a special decking board, additional surface sanding is not required.

A columnar foundation for a terrace can also be built from flat concrete blocks. A similar option for constructing a terrace is presented in the video:

Option #4. WPC terrace on a pile-screw foundation

Sometimes it is irrational to install a terrace on a columnar foundation. For example, with a high occurrence groundwater, on wet and unstable soils. In this case, the soil will swell and push out the concrete pillars. Difficulties in constructing a columnar foundation can also arise in areas with large differences levels, on slopes. In all these cases, for light buildings, another type of foundation is more successful - a pile-screw foundation. Screw piles make it possible to raise the terrace platform to the desired height (even 2-3 m!), they hold perfectly wood flooring with all necessary furniture. In addition, screwing in screw piles for a terrace occurs within 1 day.

Let's consider the technology light construction WPC terraces on screw piles.

Progress:

1. Determine the installation points of the piles. They are screwed in in increments of 2-3 m, with mandatory installation in the corners of the future site.

2. Screwing in the piles is done using special equipment or manually. When screwing in manually, a metal scrap is inserted into the slots on the upper end of the pile, which serves as a lever. In the process of turning this lever, the pile breaks the soil with its blades and sinks to the required depth (below the freezing level of the soil).

3. The screwed-in piles are cut to the level of the future supporting frame.

4. The inside of each screwed-in pile is filled with cement mortar to increase its strength and prevent corrosion of the internal cavity.

5. A steel steel is mounted on top of the piles. metal carcass from profile pipes. The frame has the form of a frame with intermediate elements located in increments of 50-60 cm. The finished frame is coated with a primer, special attention paying attention to welding areas.

6. Aluminum logs are laid on the piles. Since the corrosion process starts when aluminum comes into contact with the steel of the frame, it is recommended to lay the logs only through rubber gaskets.

7. The decking boards are attached to aluminum joists using clamps that are inserted into the slot of the joist. The terminals allow you to mount boards without using self-tapping screws and the need to drill holes in them. If used aluminum profile does not allow the installation of terminals; fastening of decking boards is carried out traditionally - using self-tapping screws.

8. After assembling the composite decking, an enclosing aluminum profile is installed at the ends of the decking. Now a terrace made of composite decking is almost indistinguishable from an expensive wooden structure!

How the work of installing a terrace on screw piles is carried out is shown in the video:

A veranda to the house is an excellent solution for those who want to have extra space not only for summer holiday, but also for a full year-round use. By looking at the photos of these extensions, you can see for yourself their versatility, aesthetics and other advantages. And what is especially attractive is the fact that you can even build a veranda with your own hands, without the help of specialists. We invite you to figure out how to quickly and efficiently add a new room to your wooden house: what project needs to be prepared, what foundation to fill, how to install the frame and other components.

Before the actual construction of a wooden veranda, it is necessary to prepare a project. It must contain the following information:

• dimensions of the veranda - width and length;
• location of the future veranda: from the facade, from the end or on the corner of the house;
• place of entry: from the room, separate from the street or through, that is, through the yard into the house;
• door location.

Before construction begins, create a project for the future veranda and coordinate it with local authorities

Once the project has been prepared, proceed with obtaining permission to construction works. The construction of a veranda is officially considered a reconstruction of the house, so it must be approved by the local architecture department. You must provide the following documents to the appropriate authority:

• House project;
• project of the future veranda;
• a document that confirms that you are the owner of the site;
• application for restructuring.

As practice shows, the project approval procedure takes about two months - take this into account when planning construction work.

An example of a house plan with a veranda

What happens if you complete construction of a building without permits? The veranda is included in total area home, so its unapproved construction may be regarded by the BTI as an unauthorized change of living space, which will entail a fine.

When the issue with permitting documents is closed, begin preparing the site for the construction of a veranda. In particular, you need to clear the site of debris and all greenery, and also remove some of the turf. If you plan to attach a veranda to the front of the house, you need to remove the canopy over the entrance and the porch.

Pouring the foundation

A veranda, as a rule, is erected either on a strip or columnar foundation. How are they different and how to arrange them?

Columnar foundation for veranda

A columnar foundation allows you to build a wooden veranda autonomously from the main foundation of the house, therefore this option relatively simple to implement. First you need to make markings and dig holes for the posts. If you are planning a small veranda, then four columns in the corners will be enough, but for a large structure it is better to make holes along the entire perimeter in increments of 50 cm.

Advice. To prevent soil heaving, the depth of the holes should be slightly below the soil freezing level, that is, at least one meter.

Next, fill each hole with a 20 cm layer of sand and fill it with concrete to ground level. When the concrete has dried, coat the resulting pillar with bitumen and, if there are gaps, fill it with sand again. The ground part of the pillar can be made from any timber. The height of this support must exactly match the height of the main foundation of the house.

For large verandas it is better to fill strip foundation. It is built in several stages:

Arrangement of the subfloor and frame

Before you start working on the frame, you need to lay the subfloor. This is done like this:

• Fill the subfloor with expanded clay material for insulation.
• Cover the foundation with roofing felt.
• Prepare the logs, treat them with an antiseptic and secure them to the foundation.
• Lay edged boards on top.

Installation of subfloor

Next, grab the frame. It is better to build it from 10 x 10 cm beams. First secure it to rough floor the bottom frame is made of timber, connecting it at the corners using the “direct lock” method. Every 50 cm, cut small grooves in the beams for installation vertical racks, and then install these posts, securing them with staples or nails for maximum stability. The height of the supports should be unequal: the closer to the wall of the house, the higher the racks - this is necessary for the subsequent installation of a lean-to rafter system. Also, when constructing racks, it is important to mark the openings for doors and windows.

Then it is necessary to secure the bars of the upper trim on the resulting supports. This part of the frame will perform two functions at once: play the role of a base for the roof rafter system and ensure the stability of the entire veranda structure.

Advice. To ensure that the upper frame does not become deformed during subsequent construction work, it is better to secure it with temporary spacers.

Roof and floor installation

It is desirable that the roof of the veranda be flatter than the main roof of the house. And, as already mentioned, it is better to give preference to single-pitch options. This roof is installed as follows:

1. Attach a dense sheathing of unedged boards to the already installed rafter system.
2. Place roofing felt on the sheathing and secure it with bunches.
3. Place heat and moisture insulating material on top.
4. Secure the main roof.

Construction of the veranda roof

As for the arrangement of the floor, the veranda can be used as a traditional floorboard, and solid wood. Especially if the room is closed, that is, completely glazed. The flooring must be laid on traditional logs, pre-installed on the bottom trim. In this case, the boards themselves must be mounted perpendicular to the joists. The method of fixing the floor can be any: self-tapping screws, clusters, tongue-and-groove system - depending on what kind of finish you choose.

Frame covering

Wall cladding – the most important stage construction of a veranda, since the operational and aesthetic characteristics of the entire extension largely depend on the quality of the work performed and the quality of the finishing material itself. Frame lining includes the following processes:

• In the area where windows are supposed to be placed, install a window sill board - it should be located approximately half a meter from the floor covering. Attach the board to the vertical supports.
• Cover the frame with outside wood material, which stylistically matches the decoration of the main house. Attach the tree to the supports using screws or nails.

Frame paneling with wood

• Place on exterior finishing insulation and waterproofing film– they will protect the veranda from heat loss and moisture. And don't forget to leave appropriate openings for windows and doors.
• Lay the inner layer on top of the thermal and waterproofing finishing material: Chipboard, lining or any other variation of wood. Attach to the frame with the same screws or nails.

Installation of windows and doors

Windows must be installed in the space between the window sill beam and the top trim. Both solid and opening or sliding products are suitable for the veranda. General procedure works as follows:

• Using a level, carefully install into the opening window unit and secure it with nails or wedges.
• Cover the remaining gaps between the supports and the block with tow - in the future it will need to be hidden under the platband.
• The final stage is installation of the frame into the window block and direct glazing.

Windows and doors are installed at the final stage

The door must be installed strictly in the opening that was designated at the design stage - it is not recommended to change the location during the construction process, since any adjustments must be re-approved by the appropriate authority. The door frame begins to be secured with upper anchors, aligning the horizontal threshold with construction level. Then the lower anchors are attached - here you need to maintain the verticality of the box supports. Then grooves for the lock and hinges are cut into the structure, after which the door itself is hung.

Remember that only if you strictly follow the instructions for constructing a veranda will you get the desired result of your work: a beautiful, functional and comfortable extension that will delight you all year round.

How to attach a veranda to a small house: video

Exists great amount options for assembling and installing veranda extensions to country house. But more economical and simple option will be the assembly of the frame structure. This extension will look advantageous next to a frame wooden house. What building materials and tools will be needed for self-installation and extensions and how this is installed we will describe below in our article.

The definition itself shows that the basis of the entire structure is a load-bearing structure made of edged wood. In addition to the main frame, other parts are also produced from timber frame construction- these are the lower and corner posts.

Standard racks and lintels are made from ordinary boards.

With the help of boards, both the future and the veranda are indicated.

In this case, the thickness of the racks is equal to the thickness, and the width of the step between the wooden racks is determined based on the width of the insulating layer.

For example, if a private house is located in the northern region, then the thickness of the insulating layer should be at least 15 cm. Based on this, we can conclude that the width of the lumber will be 150 mm x 100 mm or 150 mm. The step size is maintained within 60 cm, because the width of the insulation board will be exactly 60 cm.

After assembling and installing the frame structure, an insulating layer is laid. Before this procedure, it is necessary to carry out and. After completion of the insulation work, rough cladding of the entire structure is carried out using DSP sheets.

The most common material for rough cladding of a veranda is a panel. This panel has greater resistance to moisture and mechanical stress than other materials. All OSB panels have fairly high strength indicators. Below we will look at what other materials are used as cladding for frame house and outbuildings.

Construction of a veranda for a wooden house

Modern frame ones provide a certain number of options for installing and installing the veranda.

In the West, a variety of methods and options are used that make it possible to build not only extensions, but also small ones one-story houses. A novice specialist can easily choose a design option for his veranda: it can be frame-panel, or frame-frame construction.

Type panel construction provides quick assembly existing panels that have window and door openings. The specifics of these works are more reminiscent of assembly children's construction set, because all elements and parts are assembled and fastened together. These panels are produced according to individual orders, since their size must strictly coincide with the dimensions of the poured one. But if you need to make a more technologically complicated extension, then you need to use frame-frame construction of the veranda.

The frame type of construction involves the assembly of panels directly on the site where construction work is carried out. Such technologies are in no way inferior to other construction options in terms of quality, reliability, and durability.

Frame construction was also used by the Indians, and later it migrated to European and Western countries. When building panel and frame types, it is not difficult to produce the finishing touch. You won't have to wait for shrinkage time building materials, and the work itself is carried out in any season and time of year. The most important advantage of frame extensions to a house is the presence of a thermos effect, i.e. warmth in a safe isolated house will linger several times longer than in ordinary residential buildings.

Instructions for installing a frame extension to a house

Before you start building, you need to prepare everything necessary tools and consumable construction materials. You will need the following items: bitumen, crushed stone, broken brick, concrete mixture And gypsum mortar. For construction equipment, you will need: an electric saw, a drill, an angle grinder, a sledgehammer, a hammer, a shovel and an axe.

At the first stage of construction, it is necessary to prepare the veranda for the extension.

You can form it as follows:

• you need to dig a pit into which a crushed stone cushion will be poured.
• Next, it will be necessary to install reinforced and form the formwork.
• Afterwards, fill the finished foundation with a special mixture. Next, form a frame extension, install a strap around the entire perimeter, with a width of at least 150 mm. You can also use wider beams, then in the cold season the house will be quite cool.

After installing the entire corner post, at least 15x15 cm wide. Small sizes can also be used, but for the quality and reliability of the frame extension to the house, we recommend using posts with the specified types of sizes. Installation of all racks is carried out at the building level. The next step There will be installation of additional wooden posts around the entire perimeter. The step is 150 cm, and will depend on the thickness of the racks.

Before installing additional racks, you need to calculate where the slabs will be located. This calculation is made so that there is no need to cut the insulation panels. After this, the top trim is laid. It is mounted according to the same principle as the lower trim, with an extension beyond the crown up to 30 cm.

After installing the trim, a wooden one is installed on the upper crown, which serves as wooden frame for roofs. Glassine is installed on the sheathing as a specific insulating building material. It is needed as a special safety material, which provides excellent protection in case of a leak in the veranda.

Installation and installation of veranda roofing

Veranda roof

Roofing material for the veranda is chosen primarily based on financial capabilities. Today, the cheapest is a regular slate sheet 175 cm long.

The roof of a small frame extension to a house may require up to 30 sheets of this material. The exact number of sheets will depend on how wide the overlap is. As a rule, laying is done with an overlap of 10 cm.

can be replaced with other building materials- today the market offers a huge number of options. The most affordable option for roofing is the use of roll roofing. But it can only be used in cases where the frame wooden extension does not require certain protection from moisture or cold.

The final stage of work

After installing the roof, you can begin installation and. Initially, a subfloor is installed, over which sheets of insulating building material or glassine are laid. Only after this procedure can you proceed with the assembly and installation of the finished floor.

Having completed the installation of the floor, you can insulate the veranda extension, starting from the walls. They are insulated in the same way as floors - first of all, heat-insulating sheets are laid, and only after that they are covered with glassine for special protection from moisture. Instead of glassine, you can use penofol. After completing the wall insulation stage, you can insulate the ceiling - all insulation panels are securely attached to the ceiling sheathing using self-tapping screws or special dowels.

After completing all the insulation work, you can safely begin finishing the walls and floors.

The following building materials are used for finishing: platbands, fillets, plinths and strips. Everything needs to be installed in the appropriate places.

When using the right technology installation and installation of the insulating layer and with proper construction of the frame, the entire frame structure will be long time serve you reliably and efficiently.

It could also be an ordinary frame extension To home. It is worth noting that the structure itself is built from various building materials. An extension to a country house has many advantages. One of them is long term services. The extension performs various functions. If you need a room for recreation, then a frame extension to the house will fulfill this desire. The extension is built on various types. But most the best foundation will be considered as in financially, and in quality.

By building a veranda, you can make your home more beautiful and unique, as well as expand its usable area. But how to build it? The easiest way is to add a veranda to the housing project before construction begins - in this case, it will have a common foundation with the house and will be stronger.

However, if such an opportunity was missed, do not be upset, since it is absolutely possible to attach a veranda to the house after its construction is completed - you just need to study the technology of work and learn all the subtleties of the process. How to build a veranda correctly?

Veranda design

The first stage of any construction is the creation of a project; This stage is also important when constructing such a relatively simple structure as a terrace. You can draw up a detailed construction plan yourself using various software. However, if you don't have special education, it is better to contact the design office for professional help.

Plan of walls and partitions of the first floor

Design can be divided into several separate stages.

Choosing a veranda type

A veranda attached to the house can have the most different type. All such structures can be divided into two types:

You can choose any option - the main thing is that the terrace fits organically into the overall exterior of the house and becomes its logical continuation.

Thematic material:

The form of construction also varies. The simplest and affordable option- This is an ordinary rectangular veranda. A rounded, curved design will be more complex. You can also add polygonal terraces to the house, running along one or several walls or even forming a whole belt around the entire house. It is not at all necessary to build a veranda around front door, although this seems to be the most obvious solution.

Material selection

As a rule, the veranda is built from the same material from which the house is made: it is better to attach a veranda made of logs or timber to a brick building or a wooden house. However, you should not rely on design compliance alone. To others important criterion when working, is how difficult the construction of the veranda will be.

The easiest way to build - an object made from it can be easily processed, the material allows you to easily implement many design ideas. You can also simply and inexpensively create a structure from modern materials: WPC, PVC, polycarbonate. To attach a concrete or metal veranda to a house, you will most likely need the help of specialists in various fields.

Construction site analysis

One of the most important tasks when designing a terrace is studying the technical nuances and bringing the characteristics of the future building into line with the conditions of the area. Several factors will affect the quality and durability of the structure:

• soil type;
• the condition of the building wall to which the veranda is planned to be attached;
• climatic conditions in the region.

The maximum mass of the terrace, the complexity of the foundation, the need for insulation, and much more depend on these parameters.

Documents receiving

This point is very easy to lose sight of if all the work on building a terrace from start to finish is done independently. Veranda project and other technical documentation will help you obtain permission to change the design and technical certificate of the house. By law, construction approval is required by the following authorities:

1. local government;
2. fire safety authorities;
3. sanitary and epidemiological station.

It seems that since the built house and land are your property, you are free to do whatever you want with them - including adding a terrace. However, without all the permits and a documented project, the terrace will be legal side be an illegal extension to the house. This will make it impossible to sell the object, donate it, or exchange it; It will also be impossible to get a bank loan using the house as collateral.

Construction of the foundation

Once the project is completed and all permits have been obtained, the actual construction work can begin. And their first part is the construction of a high-quality and reliable foundation. How to do this part of the building correctly?

The main requirement is this: the base of a closed or open veranda attached to a private house must correspond in its technical specifications the foundation of the main building. First of all, its depth should be the same. If this requirement is not met, when the air temperature drops due to uneven deformation of materials, parts of the house will separate, and a gap will appear between the terrace and the wall.

The new foundation is connected to the old one different ways depending on how long ago the house was built.

• A new house is usually in the process of shrinking, so a rigid connection will lead to less destruction robust construction- most likely it will be a terrace. In this case, the veranda is built using the tongue-and-groove method - it will slide around the house as if on rails, and the difference in shrinkage rates will not harm the structure in any way.
• If the house has been standing for a long time and the shrinkage has completed, a rigid connection of the terrace to it is allowed. In this case, a gasket made of waterproofing material (for example, roofing felt) is used and the joint is treated with polyurethane foam.

It will not be possible to make the foundation unified if the terrace was not conceived at the design stage of the house, but nevertheless, you should try to combine the bases of the veranda and the house as efficiently as possible.

The type of foundation is selected depending on the design features of the terrace, primarily its mass, as well as the type of soil.

Formation of flooring

Whether the planned veranda is closed or its main attribute is complete openness, in any case the floor of the terrace must be durable, warm and protected from destruction.

Most often, even if the rest of the veranda is made of concrete or brick, the floor is made of wood. This is due to both the practical and aesthetic properties of this material:

• wood prevents heat from escaping into the ground;
• it is durable;
• wood is completely safe for health;
• such a floor practically does not require decorative treatment, since the material itself is very beautiful - you just need to cover it with a layer of varnish to protect it from damage.

The floor on the finished foundation is built in the following order.

All wooden elements verandas must be treated with antiseptic and antibacterial impregnations. This will protect the terrace floor from rotting, damage by fungi and other microorganisms, significantly extending its service life.

Walling

Walls, unlike the floor, are an optional attribute attached verandas. Instead of them, it is quite possible to build a regular one. The veranda may not have any fencing at all - some projects for adding a veranda to the house involve the use of plants and hedges as a fence. If you plan to make full-fledged railings, walls and roofing, the next stage after the formation of the floor will be the construction of the frame.

A lightweight wooden frame is made like this.

1. Along the perimeter of the floor, beams are laid, connected to each other with a direct lock. Grooves should be made on them for attaching the racks in increments of about 50 cm.
2. The racks are fixed in the grooves using metal brackets.
3. The top of the racks is tied with timber.
4. We make rafters for the roof.

It is built in a similar way lightweight metal frame. If the foundation allows, the frame can be made of concrete or brick. Thickness load-bearing elements designs may differ from the characteristics of the walls of the main house. Roof supports must be at least 1.5 bricks thick, fence posts must be 125 mm thick.

Terrace walls can be finished using a variety of materials:

• wooden or plastic lining;
• metal siding;
• beam;
• decorative brick and much more.

The main thing is compliance and appearance Houses.

The walls of the veranda must be connected to the wall of the house in the same way as the foundations of the structures. For this purpose, steel embedded elements are used. In the main wall they are fixed using deep holes, and in wall structures terraces are laid at the construction stage and secured with cement-sand mortar.

If the veranda is made open, railings are erected instead of walls. They can also be made from wood, metal, WPC, brick or concrete. This type of fence consists of posts, balusters and railings.

Roofing

The roof of the terrace can be removable, but it is better to securely fasten it to the frame if you plan to build a durable veranda. Like the floor, the main part of the roof is made of wood. The reliability and durability of the structure depend on how accurately the construction technology is followed.

The main terrace is a rafter system consisting of wooden beam and board sheathing. The purpose of this system is to hold the roofing material in place and maintain external influences- for example, precipitation pressure. Therefore, a lot depends on the quality of the rafters.

First of all, the rafters are processed antiseptics. Next, the following work is done.

After all the main elements of the veranda have been completed, all that remains is to make a few finishing touches - to do interior decoration, carry out electrical wiring and, if necessary, heating, install recreational furniture.

The listed construction work is only the basic part of the technology that any veranda extension requires. The remaining elements are the stairs, decorative elements- are made in accordance with the project. Having built the main parts of the terrace, you can probably easily cope with the additional ones.

Order services from professionals

Don't have time to build yourself? Contact the following organizations.