Floor-standing gas boiler for water heating. Piping diagram for a gas heating boiler: general principles and recommendations

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The purpose of any heating system is to create a comfortable environment in the home. A favorable microclimate cannot be achieved if the heating boiler is connected incorrectly. Piping diagrams for gas heating boilers help connect this device to the water supply system and distribution networks, according to established rules And technical requirements.

What does boiler piping mean?

If a person has never before encountered the need to arrange a heating system, he is not familiar with the term “piping”. This concept means the use of a specific installation scheme that will protect the equipment from possible overheating.

According to experts, correctly installed piping of a gas heating boiler or an appliance operating on a different type of fuel allows the heating system to operate more economically and efficiently.

Heating boiler piping elements

Knowing what elements the gas heating boiler piping diagram contains will help you connect without any problems heating equipment to the system:

Heating boiler. It is one of the main components of the heating structure; its choice largely determines the method of connection and. The heating boiler must not be placed at the top of the pipeline distribution. The heating circuit rod must be capable of venting air. To avoid having air jams If the boiler does not have an air vent, the pipe should be positioned vertically.
Pipes. This element has gas wall and electrical devices, intended for heating the coolant liquid (read also: " "). The presence of pipes means that the boiler is equipped with an automatic air vent.
Expansion tank. This membrane element are used when piping a wall-mounted gas boiler, as well as a floor heating device. Thanks to its presence, the heating generator is reliably protected from water hammer. The expansion tank consists of two cavities that are separated by a special membrane.This design controls possible pressure drops in the heating boiler. The device functions as follows: the coolant moves through one of the cavities, and at the same time the other cavity is filled with air.
Heating radiators. These devices provide heat exchange between the air in the room and the coolant liquid (read also: " ").

Features of gas boiler piping

There are several ways to tie a gas boiler. The most popular option is . Working with pipes made of this material is low cost and simple. Plaque and solid particles do not collect on the walls of polypropylene products. When such pipes are used, piping a gas boiler with your own hands is not difficult; any property owner can handle such work.

Boiler piping, including dual-circuit models, performed by soldering. This method allows you to avoid leaks during operation, in contrast to the use of fittings, when, if they are not fastened accurately, there are places through which leaks occur. coolant liquid(read also: " ").

The polypropylene pipeline allows you to create a contour of any shape. Welding of this material is carried out different ways, the main thing is not to allow large number pipe connections that must be made smooth and uniform. An exception concerns the location of the gas supply to the heating boiler. The connection is made by using a rigid threaded connection, called “American” (squeeze).

Paronite serves as a gasket. It is prohibited to use tow, fum tape or components made of rubber. The fact is that rubber gaskets under the influence of high temperatures can narrow and, as a result, practically block the passage in the pipeline, and tow is easily flammable.

A pipeline tied with polypropylene pipes, such as the one in the photo, can withstand pressures of up to 25 bar; high temperatures reaching 95 degrees Celsius are also not dangerous for it.

Connecting double-circuit gas boilers

A double-circuit boiler, unlike a single-circuit heating device, has a universal purpose. Such a unit for domestic needs heats water and at the same time maintains the necessary temperature regime V .

The peculiarity of double-circuit boilers is that during the consumption of hot water there is no parallel work both circuits. This means that the piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler does not depend on the type of heating and is always the same. Radiators and coolant for a reason big size the pipes take a long time to cool down.

There is one more feature: if you are piping a double-circuit gas boiler, then you cannot use natural circulation of water. Many models are equipped with a special pump, because without it, after the generator stops heating, the movement of the coolant stops and the installation begins to reheat, which takes much longer and, as a result, the radiators begin to unevenly heat the room (read: "").

Gas boiler wiring diagrams

If the gas boiler is connected in the classic way, the coolant moves up the supply pipeline. Then the water is directed to risers, which have special devices that do not allow them to be opened.

The heating level is regulated by radiators equipped with a throttle and jumpers (read also: " "). It is mandatory to install a shut-off valve on the second supply line, and an air vent is placed in the upper part of the expansion tank. The coolant returns to the boiler along the lower supply line.

When the piping of a double-circuit gas boiler is carried out by the house owner himself, you need to prepare the following tools and components for the work:

Forced-type devices are easy to operate and are considered more comfortable to use.

The heating unit is controlled automatically. Among the advantages it should be noted that for separate rooms You can set a certain temperature thanks to the presence of sensors that control the heating process.

At the same time, the piping scheme of a wall-mounted gas boiler has negative aspects, including:

high price for components;
the difficulty of implementing the strapping, which can only be done by a professional;
the need for constant balancing of parts;
high cost of service.

If the house has a complex heating system, for example, there is a “warm floor” and radiators, then you may notice some inconsistency in the movement of the coolant. Therefore, to solve the problem, a hydraulic decoupling is included in the piping circuit, forming several circuits for the movement of coolants - a common circuit and a boiler circuit.

To waterproof each circuit, an additional heat exchanger is installed. This will be required to combine open and closed systems. Installations belonging to the separate type must be equipped with circular pumps, a safety system and taps (drain and feed).

How to connect a gas boiler, see details in the video:

Wiring diagrams for wall-mounted boilers

Piping a floor-standing gas boiler and heating devices another type can be simplified by using primary-secondary rings. There will be fewer all kinds of devices designed to control the operation of the system if you make several rings of the heating system and install its own circulation pump for each of them. Thanks to such measures, a uniform supply of hot coolant to the end consumer is ensured.

The wiring diagram for a dual-circuit device is complex. A reasonable solution is to contact a specialized gas organization. Its employees will quickly connect the equipment to the gas supply system.

Heating boiler piping is a set of equipment necessary to connect a heat generator to a water heating and hot water supply system. If necessary, additional circuits can be added: heating water in the pool, heating air in supply and exhaust ventilation etc.

What's included in the harness

In addition to the heat generator itself, the harness must include:

Shut-off valves - taps allow you to shut off the supply and return pipelines, disconnecting equipment for repair and maintenance work from the coolant line.
The expansion tank, open or closed (depending on the type of system), compensates for the thermal expansion of the coolant.
Safety group - if the pressure in the system exceeds a more critical level (usually due to overheating), it bleeds off the volume of coolant necessary to normalize the pressure.
Supply and return flow pipelines supplying coolant to the heat generator and connecting the piping to the circuits.
A make-up tap is needed to replenish the system with coolant. Although, in open version it may not exist: instead of the evaporated volume, liquid can be added through expansion tank, located at the highest point, often in the attic.
Air vents for bleeding air from the system.

In addition to the above, the heating boiler piping may include: a circulation pump, hydraulic arrows, heat exchangers, control devices. Connecting the heat generator to the hot water supply is also considered a piping element; it is determined by the type of boiler and the presence of a boiler.

Note: many gas and electric heat generators are already equipped with additional equipment, built-in pumps, a boiler, and a safety group.

What does the strapping scheme not depend on?

First, let's say what the heating boiler piping scheme does not depend on. On the hydraulic part, the type of fuel or energy that the heat generator uses does not matter. Gas, electrical and solid fuel boiler heating systems are no different. At the coolant inlet/outlet there is not much difference whether pellets serve as a source of energy, gas or diesel fuel. In complex systems, specialists take into account the type of heat generator when choosing a rational piping scheme, but this difference is insignificant. Also, apart from the configuration, the piping of the floor and wall-mounted boiler heating. But single-circuit and double-circuit boilers have different piping in terms of connection to the hot water supply system.

What does the wiring diagram depend on?

Mainly, the piping scheme of the heating boiler and the composition of the equipment are determined by the structure of the system as a whole: is it open or closed, the presence of a water heater, heated floors, additional circuits, etc. The functionality and design of the system as a whole dictate the wiring diagram of the heat generator in particular.

Depending on the overall complexity of the system and its operating mode, the connection (hydraulic isolation) of the boiler to the heating circuit can be carried out in several ways:

Connect directly

Direct connection is suitable for simple systems without underfloor heating. The main pipeline of the circuit through which the coolant circulates passes directly through the heat generator. No intermediate devices are provided. Strapping made according to a direct scheme is simple and inexpensive. In the case when the boiler is equipped necessary equipment(pump, expansion tank, safety group), the piping can only consist of pipelines connecting the heat generator to the system, shut-off valves and a make-up tap.

Direct connection is used in private houses and apartments with radiator heating

Connection via hydraulic separator

In systems where there are heating circuits with different temperatures heating (in a heated floor circuit it is 30-50 ºC lower than in radiators), direct connection can cause inconsistency in the operation of individual subsystems due to their mutual influence. As a result, the temperature regime in various contours and indoors will not be stable enough. To avoid this, the heat generator is connected to the system through a thermal hydraulic separator (hydraulic arrow).

In the diagram, the heating circuit is conventionally shown as a single one, in practice there can be quite a lot of them

Diagram of a relatively complex system in a private residential building, the piping of a gas heating boiler is connected through a thermohydraulic switch to three heating circuits, which, in turn, separate the flows among the devices thanks to distribution collectors

To put it simply, a hydraulic arrow is a pipe large diameter with pipes connected to it both from the boiler supply/return line and from all heating circuits. The separator is designed to provide complete hydraulic isolation and optimal operation of the subsystems.

The hydraulic arrow combines the supply and return flows, allowing the coolant in the piping and heating circuits to partially close if necessary, without interrupting the heat exchange

The hydraulic separator can be useful not only in multi-circuit systems. The piping of a solid fuel heating boiler, connected through an arrow, even with one circuit, partially compensates for the uneven heat generation of a wood-burning boiler.

Connection via heat exchanger

It is possible to connect a heat generator via an additional heat exchanger. The coolant in the heat generator and heating circuits is completely separated and circulates autonomously along its own closed circuits without mixing. Energy transfer occurs indirectly. Such a connection is quite rare, but is indispensable in cases where the boiler and heating circuits use a coolant with different freezing temperatures, or one of the circuits is open and the other closed. Not the entire system can be connected through a heat exchanger, but only part of it, for example, heating a greenhouse.

When connected via a heat exchanger, the heat generator and heating circuits must have their own expansion tanks, safety groups, make-up taps, and, if necessary, pumps

It is better to tie a fireplace or fireplace stove with a “water jacket” in an open circuit. When integrated as additional heating to modern closed system connection is made through a heat exchanger.

Connection diagram of a fireplace with a “water jacket” (1) through a heat exchanger (24) to a heating system with its own boiler (15). Thermal and hydraulic decoupling of both heat generators from the heating circuits is carried out through a hydraulic arrow (9)

Connecting hot water supply (DHW)

Double-circuit boilers, the second circuit of which is intended for domestic hot water needs, can be connected for hot water by any of the above methods; in most cases, the most rational is direct.
Single-circuit, integrated with storage water heater indirect heating, allow you to obtain more comfortable and economical hot water supply. If there are more than two or three water points in the house, the water temperature in all mixers will be the same and stable, there is no danger of overheating.

Connection diagram storage boiler to a single-circuit boiler is a connection option via a heat exchanger

For those of our readers who are thinking about installing a boiler room themselves, we advise you to be wary of numerous articles on the Internet on the topic “how to tie a heating boiler”, “tying a heating boiler with polypropylene” and the like. As for polypropylene, it should be used sparingly in the boiler room. If the heat generator does not operate in low-temperature mode, the first meter to one and a half meters of supply pipelines from the heat generator are best made of copper or galvanized steel pipes. It is more expensive, but metal is more stable with respect to thermal expansion than plastic. Is it possible to piping the boiler yourself? If you have some technical skills in a direct connection diagram, yes, but without work experience you will have to work hard on sealing the connections. For performing complex piping through a thermal hydraulic separator in multi-circuit systems, without having special knowledge, it’s better not to undertake it, it will cost too much to correct errors. Entrust this work to professionals.

Video: home heating systems - wiring diagrams

The piping of a single-circuit gas heating boiler depends on the number of connected devices. The simplest scheme includes the boiler itself and the radiator system. If desired, you can add an indirect heating boiler, a “warm floor” system, heated towels, etc.

The piping of a single-circuit unit may include:

a gas boiler;
radiator system;
safety valve;
expansion tank;
air vent;
circulation pump;
indirect heating boiler;
hydraulic arrow;
coarse filters.

Safety valve necessary to relieve excess coolant in the event of an increase in pressure in the circuit. Otherwise, it may lead to pipe rupture. Excess water is removed through drainage pipe into the sewer.

Most gas units have their own expansion tank– it is necessary to compensate for the increased volume of water or antifreeze in the heating circuit. Volume membrane tank should not be less than 10% of the amount of coolant. If the heating system is too large and the built-in expansion tank is not enough, then purchase another one and include it in the piping.

Air vent serves to prevent the appearance of air pockets in the circuit that may remain after draining the coolant.

Indirect heating boiler it is installed so that a single-circuit gas boiler plays the role of a double-circuit one and can produce hot water in addition to heating.

Circulation pump they are included in the piping if the existing analogue in the gas boiler does not provide sufficient coolant pressure in the system. The power consumption of the pumps ranges from 50 to 200 W - it can be changed if necessary.

Hydroarrow is a tube with pipes for connecting several circuits. This piping element allows you to connect circuits with different pressures and coolant temperatures into one system.

Coarse filter placed on the water supply pipe to the gas boiler. It protects the heat exchanger of the unit from debris and dirt from the heating system, which can damage it.

As for the location of all decoupling elements, the safety valve and air vent are usually combined into one safety group. It is placed at the coolant outlet from the boiler, where the pressure and temperature are maximum. The pump is installed in front of the unit in a place where the coolant temperature is minimal. The expansion tank can be installed at any point in the circuit at some distance from the pump.

What pipes are suitable for piping?

To connect the boiler and heating wiring, it is better to take metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes. They will cost less than galvanized or copper counterparts.

Serial wiring of radiators is carried out using metal-plastic pipes on press fittings or polypropylene with aluminum reinforcement. However, each of these options has its own drawback. Press fittings are sensitive to the quality of installation and leakage may occur at the slightest displacement. Polypropylene has high coefficient elongation when heated above 50°C. For wiring the “warm floor” system, metal-plastic with press fittings, polyethylene or thermally modified polyethylene are used.

Note! It is advisable to install at the input and output Ball Valves. This will allow you to remove the heat exchanger or gas boiler without draining the coolant.

Piping diagrams for a single-circuit gas boiler

The wiring diagrams for a single-circuit gas heating boiler are as follows:

piping a single-circuit unit with natural coolant circulation;
harness single-circuit boiler heating with forced circulation;
gas piping heating device with an indirect heating boiler.

Any single-circuit boiler has three pipes to which they connect:

supply of heated coolant from the unit to the radiators;
gas main;
return of cooled liquid from radiators to the gas boiler.

The piping diagrams for a wall-mounted single-circuit gas boiler are identical to those for the same floor-standing unit.

Piping a single-circuit boiler with natural coolant circulation

The system of a single-circuit gas boiler with natural circulation of coolant is completely energy independent. The safety group is represented only by the expansion tank. It is recommended to install a vent in front of the heat exchanger to be able to completely drain the water. Any plastic or metal container with sufficient tightness can be used as a membrane tank.

To ensure the natural movement of coolant through a non-volatile system, an expansion tank should be installed at the top point of the circuit, and a gas boiler at the bottom. The bottling is installed with a constant slope so that the coolant can rise to expansion tank, and then go down to the heating unit. The height difference between the radiator elements and the heat exchanger creates hydraulic pressure.

Note! To ensure the required coolant pressure in a gravity heating system, inner diameter pipes must be at least 32 mm.

If desired, a pump can be included in the piping of a non-volatile system, which will accelerate the coolant when electricity is available. It is connected parallel to the main system and is cut off with a ball valve or check valve. When the pump is turned off, the valve or tap is closed, after which the coolant continues to circulate naturally.

Piping of a gas unit with forced circulation

The most popular is the piping of a single-circuit gas boiler with forced circulation of coolant. It is the simplest and most convenient to use. This scheme includes a circulation pump, which ensures the movement of coolant through the system under pressure. However, the pump can only operate on electricity, otherwise the system will not be able to function.

Piping a single-circuit boiler with a boiler

In order for a single-circuit gas boiler to produce domestic hot water, it must be connected to an indirect heating boiler. It contains its own heat exchanger, which acts as a secondary circuit. The coolant that comes from the gas boiler circulates through it.

The boiler is connected to the supply and return pipes of the gas boiler parallel to the heating system. They also carry out to the storage tank water pipes, through one of them the boiler enters cold water, and through the second one comes out hot.

Why is it so important to piping the boiler according to all the rules?

Many owners who decide to piping a gas boiler with their own hands underestimate the importance of the rules for its implementation. But a properly made harness can:

prevent airing;
get rid of sand, salts and rust;
do not let it exceed the limit permissible pressure in system;
compensate for excess thermal expansion;
make it possible to connect several circuits.

Correctly executed piping ensures reliability, good performance and safety of the entire system.

Recommendations for piping a single-circuit gas boiler

To avoid mistakes when piping a single-circuit gas boiler, you should follow certain recommendations:

When piping a new gas boiler and an old system, you should thoroughly flush the pipes and radiators so that accumulated deposits do not reduce the heating efficiency.
Filters are usually placed on a horizontal section of pipe in front of the unit. You need to place them so that the drawn arrow coincides with the direction of movement of the coolant. The sump should be located at the bottom so that dirt does not clog the filter itself.
Connections between pipes and branch pipes should be made using American couplings.
Shut-off valves and a check valve must be installed in front of the supply pipe entering the boiler, and a circulation pump must be mounted on the return line.
The main gas supply should be made rigid or flexible metal pipe. To seal the connection, use only a paronite gasket.

Note! If there are interruptions in gas and electricity supply in your locality, then an emergency operation mode should be provided. In case of a power outage, it is advisable to have gasoline generator, which will be able to power the heating equipment until the power supply is restored. If there are problems with gas, you can turn on an electric boiler.

Connecting several boilers to one system

In regions where there is an unstable supply of gas or electricity, they resort to installing two boilers, for example, solid fuel and gas. Two units can operate according to different schemes:

Serial connection - a thermal accumulator is installed between the units, into which heated coolant is supplied from the solid fuel boiler. It is then sent to the system with gas device, and then distributed to consumers.
Parallel connection - in this case, work solid fuel unit controlled by security sensors. A three-way valve is also installed, with which you can turn off any of the units.

Multi-circuit heating systems are equipped with hydraulic distributors that compensate for pressure differences and balance coolant flows. Sometimes it is possible to organize a system without hydraulics, then the pressure is regulated by balancing valves.

The tasks and purpose of boilers are clear to everyone. This is literally the “heart” of the entire heating system, without which the coolant simply will not warm up to the required temperature and provide comfortable conditions accommodation. But in order for all the component elements of the unit to function fully, the heating boiler must be properly piping with polypropylene, diagrams and photos of which will be presented in this article.

Purpose of the strapping

The initial task for which heating boiler connection diagrams were developed was to protect all components of the heating unit from overheating and, accordingly, from breakdown. This ensures that all key performance characteristics heating apparatus.

Various circuit examples

The boiler piping, to put it quite simply, is everything that is located between the boiler/stove and the radiators. The functionality of the entire system and the rational use of finances depend on how correctly and in accordance with technical recommendations it is carried out. Important! A properly selected and implemented connection diagram for a heating boiler makes even a low-power unit work more efficiently, maximizing its energy resource to the heating main.

But it is even more profitable to wire the heating boiler yourself, because there is no need to resort to the help of specialized companies that provide similar services. Of course, if you do not have certain skills in this area of activity and are afraid that you will not be able to cope with the implementation of the task on your own, then it is still better to entrust the connection of the heating boiler. Believe me, sometimes it makes sense to overpay, because not everyone can assemble such a large thermal unit with their own hands without making mistakes, which can subsequently lead to a decrease in the quality of the equipment and its breakdown.

Classic version

Classic strapping pattern

Correctly performed piping of a gas or solid fuel boiler is a guarantee efficient work the entire heating unit. In this process it is necessary to pay attention Special attention such a moment as adjusting the temperature at the inlet and outlet of the thermal circuit. Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the temperature difference to a minimum, which, in turn, determines the use minimum quantity fuel, and, as a result, reducing financial costs for their purchase.

First, until the water in the system reaches the required temperature, the coolant will be moved along an auxiliary line. After the temperature of the coolant corresponds to the value set by the thermostat, it will go into the main pipeline, through which the room will be heated.

Complete set of strapping diagram

What's included

Almost any boiler piping scheme involves the use of the following structural components:

bypass valve;
centrifugal pumping unit(circulation pump);
valves of various configurations and purposes (drain, ball, etc.);
expansion tank;
a device for monitoring pressure in the system;
pass filter;
tees, connections, couplings, clamps;
washers, nuts, bolts;
valve set;
or an automatic valve for bleeding air or a heating circuit.

In addition, you will need another set wrenches And welding machine, which, in the absence of one, can be easily rented at a hardware store.

Using a wall-mounted boiler

Components that are connected to a wall-mounted gas heating boiler must be lined up in a piping diagram. You can connect nodes on your own using three methods:

hot water supply;
floor hidden heating installation;
running a heating circuit around the perimeter of the entire house.

If you are planning to equip your home with a single-circuit heating unit, then coping with the task will not be so difficult.

When piping the boiler with your own hands, you must strictly follow the diagram offered by the manufacturer of this device. Otherwise, even minor flaws made during the installation of the heating main can reduce the efficiency of the entire installation as a whole or, even worse, lead to a malfunction of the heating unit!

The piping scheme of a double-circuit heating boiler deserves special attention, since it can be either direct or mixing. The first option is characterized by temperature control via a burner, while in the second option, not only a burner is used for these purposes, but also a mixer with a tracking drive. And if you are far from all these subtleties, then it is better to entrust the process of constructing such a unit to professionals.

VIDEO: Connecting a gas boiler

What are emergency harnesses and what is their purpose?

Regardless of which heating boiler connection option you have chosen to furnish your home, any of them must be supplemented with an emergency circuit. It is thanks to the additional piping that your heating unit and the entire system as a whole will be able to fully function in the event that unforeseen emergency situations arise. As a rule, most often boilers stop working due to power outages.

So, today specialists with many years of experience in this field of activity offer 3 effectively working options for constructing emergency circuits.

Feeding the pump from an uninterruptible source

This method of providing uninterrupted operation characterized by the use of battery devices or special uninterruptible power supplies. However, this option cannot always be implemented, since not every owner of such equipment regularly feeds it with electricity. Therefore, if you do not want to get into a difficult situation, do not forget to check the performance of the batteries and charge them from time to time.

An excellent solution would be a 12-volt circulation pump, which charges as long as there is electricity without disconnecting from operation, and when the mains is not working, it runs on a battery. It switches automatically, does not require any forced adjustment, is inexpensive, and works for a long time.

Natural circulation

In this case, the main heating main, which operates due to artificial pressure pumping, is supplemented by another circuit, which operates through natural circulation heat source. This system is connected immediately after the centrifugal pumping apparatus stops working. However, it is worth understanding that natural way moving hot water through the system will not be able to fully heat a large room, so install it only in those rooms where there is a need to retain heat.

Design of a special emergency circuit

Bypass for the system

This option is the most optimal, but at the same time the most financially expensive. After all, its device will require another circuit that will work during non-standard situations.

Here, in fact, are all the subtleties of connecting the thermal circuit together with heating element. We hope our tips will help you create the most comfortable temperature conditions for living in your home!

VIDEO: Heating a house - boiler piping diagram

Heating boilers can bring great benefit. But only if they are installed correctly and included in the heating system, taking into account all the nuances.

Peculiarities

If a heating apparatus can be likened to the heart of a heating system, then the boiler piping is the vessels and peripheral organs.

When using such a system, the following actions are carried out:

ensures normal temperature in heating circuits;
the air contained in the line is discharged;
a normal supply of coolant is maintained;
the uniform heating of heating devices is monitored;
supports connecting various heating circuits and adjusting them to a particular temperature;
increasing the efficiency of distribution of the resulting heat.

Types of heating systems

Such various aspects cannot be implemented equally in all existing heating systems. Connecting a double-circuit gas boiler requires, in particular, that both circuits should not operate in parallel. Therefore in wall-mounted version boilers are always tied the same way. The use of natural water circulation is unacceptable. A number of models are even equipped with a special built-in pump; if not, you will have to use an external system.

The classic approach involves upward movement of the coolant through the initial pipeline. Then the water or antifreeze is distributed through risers, equipped with devices that prevent the circuit from breaking into separate parts. The heating of the room is controlled by radiators, which are equipped with a choke and several jumpers. The second sector of the supply line is equipped with a valve that stops the flow of water; the top of the expansion tank is supplemented with an air vent. To return the coolant to the boiler, a downstream supply line is used.

The inclusion of a floor-standing boiler in the system is somewhat different, but at the same time mandatory requirement What remains is the installation of the circulation pump. The advantage of automated systems is greater ease of operation and increased comfort. It is possible to provide a clearly defined temperature for specific rooms.

When choosing wall diagram there are such harnesses weak spots, How:

increased technical complexity of execution;
significant cost of components;
the need to constantly balance parts;
high service fee.

The work can be made somewhat easier by using primary-secondary rings. This reduces the number technical systems monitoring the heating effect. But on each ring you will have to install a separate pump. Only this condition makes it possible to make the coolant supply truly uniform for all consumers. Only contacting specialized organizations will help you get the job done correctly.

In some cases, boilers are supplemented with a heat accumulator. The storage tank must be connected in parallel to the circuit. Optimal place for the reservoir, this is the gap from the boiler to the heat-consuming devices, that is, radiators or heated floors. If you have a storage tank, it is not necessary to connect a system with forced water circulation. However, this means that you will have to install pipes of increased diameter, because only they ensure reliable movement of liquid along the entire line.

When choosing a pumping scheme, it is recommended to install several pumps at once. One is located from the boiler to the battery, and the other is on the distribution line after the heat exchanger or on the line where the coolant outflows. This technique allows you to reduce the accumulation of condensate in the boiler. In addition, heat exchange between hot water in a heating device and household batteries.

Theoretically, natural circulation can provide the same efficiency, but in practice it will require the most accurate calculations and scrupulous execution.

Moreover, the addition thermal battery only aggravates the matter, since the energy stored in it, if it is directed in the wrong place, can even reduce the efficiency of heating. And this is not only discomfort, but also additional expenses for fuel or electricity. Therefore, no matter how much you would like to get rid of the choice of a circulation pump, it is not recommended to do so. Not even all professionals are able to prepare a heating system with the necessary characteristics.

A safety group must be installed in any type of harness, which includes the following elements:

a valve that quickly relieves excessive pressure;
a pressure gauge that allows you to control pressure;
an air vent that relieves circuits of accumulating plugs.

Important: safety devices must be installed first and no exceptions to this rule are allowed.

Even just one faucet or valve will cause many problems.

Next, a tee is usually installed in the circuit with a heat accumulator, creating a small boiler circle. It is designed to solve the most important problem - increasing the temperature of the water entering the boiler from the return pipes. The valve is directly connected to a heat sensor placed before the return circuit enters the boiler. If the returning coolant is cold, the valve opens 100%, the water is flowing only according to the most short road. IN storage tank she doesn't act at all. But it's worth it thermal sensor send a signal that the return circuit has warmed up to +60 degrees, and the valve automatically closes. This does not happen too quickly to avoid jerks in the functioning of the system.

As the water heats up, its passage into the battery increases, and more goes to the batteries. Therefore, the passage of fluid along the shortened route is reduced. The thermostat located inside the valve permanently closes the short-circuit once the chilled water flow reaches an acceptable temperature. If there was no such protection, a large volume of water coming back would be cold, since the boiler does not physically have time to warm everything up. Prolonged contact of the heat generator input with a cold flow provokes the formation of condensation, which negatively affects the condition of the metal casing. Gradually it is undermined, weakened and can fail just by the end of the first heating period.

From the three-way mixing valve to the return entry point there are several more devices. The circulation pump on a shortened heating circle must be independent from the main one pump unit. The so-called expanzomat is located even closer to the boiler itself. Literally translated, this “mysterious” word means just an expansion tank. Please note: the launch of the expansion tank is carried out strictly through taps or valves; this is the only way to ensure painless replacement, maintenance or repair if necessary.

Next, when the branching node of the short segment is passed, the supply pipe is driven into the top of the accumulator. A pipe leads from the tank to the return circle, which is connected to a valve with three strokes. This allows you to close contour line from the boiler to the storage tank. Following the tank, another valve with three strokes is mounted at the inlet into the radiator flow.

To connect the pipe connecting other parts to the return channel, a plumbing tee is used.

But these solutions are acceptable unchanged only for adding heat radiator system. Things are different when working with heated floors. When installing boilers that are not of the condensing type, you will have to install a unit of pumps and mixers. There is no other way to balance the temperature regime of the boiler and heated floor. But a special heating needle will not be needed; you can install pipes with a cross-section of 25 mm.

In some cases you have to use a hydraulic gun. A similar device is installed by default in most modern heating systems. But even if an old boiler is installed, which is tied without using hydraulic arrow, the situation is fixable. For self-made arrows can be used just a regular piece heating pipe. And if it is not there, then the accompanying documents reflect what it should be and how installation is carried out.

Please note: the most powerful pumps installed to push water through pipes are almost always already equipped with a hydraulic separator.

Quite popular boilers long burning on solid fuel again differ from all the options already described. Crucial right choice places where the heater will be installed.

When designing its location and piping contour, one should be guided by such fundamental considerations as:

comfort of use;
Free access;
safety;
compliance with basic technological standards.

Typically, long-burning boilers are connected on both sides. To connect the return circuit to them, tees of the required connecting diameter are often used. It is useful to use the same nut that is usually used for bends. Such fasteners minimize the risk of leakage at the junction of the tee and the heater. Transitions with an outer diameter of 2 inches and an internal thread of 1 inch are screwed to the tees (this is called a fitting).

To make it possible to cut off the wings separately, ball valves are used. Thanks to them, the heating system becomes flexible. You can even repair or change parts one at a time without stopping the heating as a whole. Moreover, it becomes possible to use only one circulation pump if the second one suddenly breaks down. The additional expansion tank must be of a closed design; it is connected to the return stroke.

To connect the supply from the boiler to the pumping complex, handicraft manifolds are often used. But this does not mean that you can make them thoughtlessly. The most convenient collectors are those with disassembled contacts of the “American” type. They are very easy to repair, change or customize.

It is very useful to supplement any piping for any boiler with dirt filters, which will have a positive effect on the service life of the equipment.

Often boilers are installed for the purpose of feeding DHW circuit. If a dual-circuit device is chosen for this purpose, natural gas, 5 fittings cut from the outside come out from below it.

They are designed to provide the following:

passage of hot water into the heating main;
direction of the heated coolant towards consumers;
boiler connection with gas line;
entry of cold flow;
return of water (this is the order recognized by engineers as the optimal solution).

But it also happens that you need to piping an automatic single-circuit boiler. Its peculiarity is that you will have to adjust the heating control by adjusting the burner flame. But the system will be simpler; you can almost always get by with wiring in accordance with the instructions in the boiler passport. Usually only two fittings are used: water flows in one at a time, and leaves the heater through the other. Only some versions also have a connection to indirect heating boilers.

A three-way valve helps connect these mechanisms. It must be installed and configured in such a way that heating the liquid in the storage tank has the highest priority for the system. As soon as the meter detects that the water there has cooled, it gives a command to redirect the heated flow. During the summer months the boiler stops completely, which avoids rapid damage from contact with tap water increased rigidity. Installation with two pumps is allowed, when the heating and water lines are connected in parallel (the latter through the boiler).

Elements

The specific filling greatly depends not only on the type of boiler and additional equipment, not only from the discharge of liquid into one or two circuits. For example, the wiring diagram for a two-story house has its own nuances.

The key element - the boiler itself - is calculated primarily taking into account such parameters as:

total area and volume of heated rooms;
weather pattern and wind conditions of the area;
the presence of windows, their sizes and tightness, the quality of thermal protection;
type of roof, degree of insulation, presence or absence of an attic;
thermal insulation of walls, floors and ceilings;
main construction material.

If a non-freezing liquid is chosen as a coolant, you will have to install the most powerful pumps and increase the cross-section of the pipelines. Otherwise, the heat flow into the house and the heating rate will not satisfy the residents. Since antifreeze contains ethylene glycol, you will have to be more careful when using polypropylene and rubber parts. Moreover, this reagent is also harmful to cast iron and non-ferrous metals. Therefore, in most cases it is necessary to install steel stainless steel pipes and radiators.

The batteries themselves can have varying levels of heat output. This depends on their size and the material used. To increase the length or shorten it, sections are added or removed accordingly. A faucet designed by Mayevsky and a thermostatic valve help to achieve a uniform flow of heat over the entire surface of the radiator. Since the appliance may require maintenance during use, it is useful to install a shut-off valve.

Heating radiators are installed strictly along the perimeter of the heated room - below the window sills and next to front door. Optimal results are achieved when using steel pipes without seams or polypropylene pipes. The lower the internal hydraulic resistance, the more efficient the system will operate. Any two-story houses it is necessary to heat using expansion tanks. Since long, intricate circuits inevitably have a lot of pressure inside, only periodic release of the expanding fluid into the reservoir maintains stable operation of the system. The situation is excluded when, due to a pressure surge, the water rapidly boils and damages the pipes themselves and their connections.

Closed heating systems involve mounting the tank on the return circuit pipe up to the suction pipe of the pump. The tank itself is raised to a minimum height of 1 m. The diameters of the components are always selected individually.

In addition to the listed products, the following can be installed:

filters for water and gas;
collectors;
check valves;
safety valves;
air valves and a number of other components.

Installation

Even the simplest piping, which is done by hand, requires a competent choice of pipes. Products as simple and beloved by many people as polypropylene pipes also need to be used correctly. The ease of operation should not be misleading, although you only need to use a soldering iron. It is allowed to use PN25 pipes, which are reinforced from the inside with aluminum foil.