Correct installation of a sewage system in a private house. What is a vent pipe and is it needed in a private home? Location of the vent pipe

For the sewer system to function properly, it must communicate with the atmosphere. Owners of private housing who independently install the engineering systems of their home need to know what functions the sewer riser performs. Let's figure out what kind of device this is and how to install it correctly.

Many owners undertake to build the water supply and sewerage system of their home themselves. To do this, you must first study the theory. One of the mandatory elements of the system is the fan riser. Not everyone understands the purpose of this element and often underestimates its importance. Let's figure out what a fan riser is, why it is needed and how the installation proceeds.

Purpose

An integral element internal system drainage system connecting the wastewater disposal system to the atmosphere is a fan riser. The main function of the element is to equalize the pressure inside the system and maintain water seals in plumbing items.

Advice! A water seal is a flexible drain in the form of a loop, installed after the drain hole of plumbing items. At the bottom of the bend there is always water, which acts as a “plug” that prevents sewer gases from entering the room.

If there is no drain riser, then at the time of discharge of a large volume of wastewater (for example, when using a flush in the toilet) in the water seals of plumbing fixtures installed in the neighborhood, they can be torn off.

After this, unpleasant odors will appear in the bathroom or kitchen coming from sewer system. Thus, this is a kind of ventilation for sewerage; it performs two functions at once:

removal of harmful substances sewer gases in atmosphere;
maintaining normal atmospheric pressure inside the pipeline, preventing the occurrence of vacuum and removing water seals.

Is it always necessary?

During the construction of a drainage system individual house installation of a fan riser is not always necessary. So, during construction one-story house, equipped with a single bathroom, you can do without this element. But in following cases You can’t do without a fan riser:

the house has more than one floor, each floor has a bathroom;
the sewer riser has a diameter of 50 mm;
an object that requires a large amount of water to service, for example, a swimming pool, is connected to the sewerage system;
A sealed system is used with the installation of an underground septic tank.

Device

Let's figure out how to plan the design and installation of a fan riser. Installation should be planned during the design phase internal sewerage. It is desirable that the diagram be as simple as possible; it should have a minimum number of corners and bends.

Ideal position fan pipe is vertical, the pipe is routed through the ceilings and roof. However, in practice, sometimes it is not possible to withstand perfectly vertical shape, it is often necessary to add additional elements.

For example, it is not always possible to connect all outlets from plumbing fixtures to one riser. Sometimes it is necessary to install an additional riser, which can be connected to a common waste pipe.

It is possible to install one vent pipe at an equal distance from two risers and connect them to this air duct. This connection method allows you to evenly distribute the pressure in the system. One of the rules for creating a fan riser is correct selection diameter It must match the diameter of the main riser.

Advice! It is not allowed to combine the ventilation of the sewerage system with the chimney or ventilation system of the house.

Material selection

Since the sewer riser is a continuation of the sewer system, it makes sense to make it from the same material as the sewer riser itself. However, if necessary, it is also possible to use a combination of materials, although experts argue that the efficiency of such a heterogeneous system will be lower.

What types of pipes are used? In most cases, cast iron or plastic is used.

Cast iron. It is durable and durable option, however, it has significant drawbacks. The most significant disadvantage is the significant weight of the structure, which significantly complicates their installation.
Plastic. Nowadays, plastic pipes are used in most cases. They are lightweight, durable, strong, and are resistant to corrosion processes.

The choice of pipe diameter depends on the characteristics of the system. In most cases, in private houses, a pipe with a diameter of 110 mm is used to assemble the riser.

Installation features

The installation of a fan riser is not particularly difficult. Intensive removal of gases from the system is facilitated by temperature changes, since the initial section of the sewer system is located in a heated room, and the drain pipe is located on the street.

The main part of the fan riser is a vertical section; care must be taken to securely fix the pipe. It is attached to the walls using metal clamps. The most difficult moment is removing the element through the roof.

Exiting the pipe into the attic is unacceptable, and placing the outlet under the roof overhang is irrational, since the structure may be damaged when snow falls from the roof. For the system to work effectively, the following rules must be observed:

sections of the sewerage pipeline laid horizontally must be located at a slope of 0.02% towards the riser;
it is prohibited to change the direction of the riser above the level of connection of the extreme outlet from the plumbing equipment;
when connecting some pipeline branches, it is necessary to use bends with an inclination angle of 135 and 45 degrees;
The height of the pipe above the roof depends on the roof structure. If this is an unused flat roof, then the height should be at least 30 cm. On a pitched roof, the pipe should rise half a meter or higher. If the fan riser is discharged through the operated flat roof, then you will need to use a pipe with a height of at least three meters;

if several pipes are installed on the roof (chimney, ventilation, etc.), then you need to ensure that the vent riser is higher than all the others. Otherwise, unpleasant odors may enter the house;
the outlet of the waste pipe should be located away from the windows, minimum distance– 4 meters;
You should not install visors or other decorations on the fan riser. These parts will interfere with the movement of air, in addition, this will contribute to the accumulation of condensation, which will lead to the formation of a layer of ice and a decrease in the diameter of the passage. To prevent birds or debris from entering the system, simply tighten top part pipes with grating.

Insulation and sound insulation

Let's figure out whether it is necessary to insulate the fan pipe and use sound insulation. There is no point in insulating a riser passing through living quarters. But the part that runs through the cold attic and above the roof must be insulated. Otherwise, ice will form inside in the cold.

But sound insulation, on the contrary, is necessary in residential premises. Previously, no one thought about soundproofing fan pipes, since soundproofing properties cast iron is much better than plastic.

Nowadays, when cast iron elements of the sewerage system are practically not used, it is worth using sound insulation to increase the comfort of living. Various types of noise occur in plastic pipes:

Shock. Noise occurs when water flows hit the walls of pipes.
Atmospheric. Sounds are created by air flows entering the system.
Resonant. Noise occurs when the sewerage pipeline interacts with the walls, floors and other structures of the building.
Vibrating. This type of sound occurs if the pipe comes into contact with any operating equipment (most often, pumps).

High-quality sound insulation can be achieved if you start building engineering systems at the house design stage. Then the installation of risers is carried out in specially created shafts, which will restrain the spread of sounds.

In the event that the pipe is laid openly through living quarters, sound insulation is carried out by wrapping it with foamed polyethylene material in two or three layers.

Alternative

In a small private house, you don’t have to install a drain pipe; its function will be performed by a vacuum valve. Let's figure out what kind of device this is and how it can be installed. The functions of the vacuum valve are the same as those of the drain pipe, that is, it prevents vacuum from occurring in the pipe and makes it impossible for unpleasant odors to enter the house.

Installing a vacuum valve in a private home is a complete replacement for a drain pipe, and its installation will cost much less.

Advice! It is important to distinguish between the functions of a check valve and a vacuum valve. They differ both in execution and purpose. The check valve prevents the reverse flow of liquid, and the vacuum valve ensures pressure balance.

The vacuum valve operates due to the difference in pressure inside the system and outside. When a vacuum occurs, the valve opens and allows air to flow into the system. After equalizing the pressure in the system, the vacuum valve membrane returns to its place. However, this device also has significant disadvantages, namely:

sticking of the membrane if the valve does not operate for a long time, that is, this option is not suitable for houses with periodic residence;
membrane wear due to frequent opening and prolonged use.

From the above we can conclude that the vacuum valve needs to be changed periodically. However, this device is inexpensive, and replacing it is not a difficult task.

So, installing a sewer riser in a private house is mandatory if the house has two or more floors and there is a bathroom on each floor. IN small house Instead of a drain pipe, you can install a vacuum valve. You can design and build a fan riser yourself, but if difficulties arise, it is better to entrust the work to specialists. Only after the installation of the drain pipe is completed, the work on assembling the internal sewerage system can be considered complete.

The autonomous sewage system of private houses is quite complex design, which must comply with all established standards. Otherwise, it will not work effectively or will have to be carried out frequently. restoration work. An example would be a situation where a vacuum is created in a pipe. Let's look at the installation features fan sewer in a private house for more details.

When draining wastewater through a vertical pipe, a rarefaction process occurs, which can be partially compensated by the remaining wastewater in the siphons. In such cases, problems with the operation of the sewer system do not arise.
With a one-time burst release, a sewer vacuum is created. This problem is quite widespread if a fan riser is not installed.
Fan sewage eliminates the possibility of a vacuum, in which the smell and the drains themselves can flow back into the room.
If there is an outlet into the atmosphere, the resulting vapors and gases naturally flow upward. As a result, vapors and gases do not enter the outlet pipes located at an angle, that is, the problem is solved.

It is worth considering the fact that building codes determine that there is no need to install a background riser due to a small one-time release of wastewater. A vacuum occurs when wastewater fills the entire cross-section over a sufficiently long period, which is only possible when choosing a pipe of small diameter or with a large one-time discharge back from several sources.

In general, we can say that the system under consideration is technically simple. The pipe, represented by a riser, also performs a drainage function. The main thing is to comply with all the requirements for creating this system.

Fan pipe design

First, let's pay attention to the cases in which it is necessary to create a sewer system:

In the case where a riser or large section of sewer pipe has a diameter of less than 0.5 cm. Even for a house that has only a few sources Wastewater, such a cross-section is quite small.
Using autonomous system sewer closed type, for example, septic tanks into which oxygen is not pumped. If wastewater is discharged into semi-open wells, then the vacuum in the system occurs partially. Septic tanks are built in such a way that they are completely isolated from the outside world. In this way, the possibility that bad smell spread throughout the area.
In the event of a high probability of salvo discharge huge amount water. If the house has several bathrooms and showers, swimming pools, artificial reservoirs, as well as a large number of equipment that uses water in their work, then a fan drainage of vapors and gases should be provided, since the volley discharge will be significant.

When designing a vent pipe, the following points are taken into account:

Fan pipe diameter and sewer riser must match exactly. Only in this case can effective discharge of the sewer system be ensured to eliminate the possibility of vacuum formation.
The location of the exhaust pipe relative to windows and balconies should also be taken into account, since unpleasant air will enter the room.
The fan pipe must be positioned strictly vertically, otherwise its efficiency decreases significantly. Therefore, when creating a project, you should take this point into account.
In case the house has attic floor, it is necessary to provide for the location of the discharge pipe near walls and other communication elements. That is why, when constructing a private house, its design is created with a background sewer system.
All information is applied to the design drawings of the structure, which avoids problems.

When choosing a pipe type, you should pay attention to the following points:

To solve this problem, a PVC version is also suitable. Such pipes have a lot of advantages, among which we note their low cost and weight. Lightweight ones are easier to secure and require no maintenance. Modern autonomous sewer systems are often created using PVC versions.
Cast iron pipes can also be installed, which Lately are not very popular. There are quite a few disadvantages: high cost, heavy weight, difficulties in carrying out installation work and so on.
More recently, when creating a sewage system, they used ceramic pipes, then today they are extremely rare. The reasons are high cost and fragility.

The above information determines that it is quite important to create the project in a timely manner and implement it.

Requirements for the fan riser

When considering the requirements for a fan riser, you should understand the operating principle of the system. Bad odor may come from pipes or installed septic tank. The resulting pairs have specific gravity less than atmospheric, as a result of which they rise up the system.

There are not many requirements for the fan riser:

He must be straightforward. Vapors rise naturally. This moment determines insufficient traction. Therefore, only straight sections of the system should be installed.
When creating a riser, a pipe of the same diameter must be used. Otherwise, the generated thrust will not be enough. You should not use different adapters, as this significantly reduces traction.
When positioning the riser, you should take into account the fact that an unpleasant odor will come out of the pipe and be carried by the wind throughout the area. It will be almost impossible to avoid this, so the location of other living spaces should be taken into account.

Requirements depend on the complexity of the system and many other factors.

Alternative to a drain pipe

It is possible to solve the problem under consideration associated with the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the house from the sewer system by installing:

Reverse sewer valve. Such a design can prevent wastewater from flowing in the opposite direction. Locking mechanism can also be used to eliminate the possibility of getting hit bad smell into the room.
Gates located in siphons. This mechanism is installed in the areas where the pipes exit to the riser. They are represented by various valves that can be closed manually.

However, the system under consideration does not have high efficiency in the case of a volley release of sewage when a vacuum is created.

Installation of a drain pipe and connection to the roof

The above information indicates that a vent pipe may be needed quite often. You can install it yourself if you have available materials.

First you need to deal with the existing sewer system. The first step is to replace old pipes, which are best replaced with plastic ones. Cast iron products are becoming less and less popular over time, since they are not practical to use, the surface has a high roughness, which causes the formation of severe blockages. Conduct dismantling work can be done quite quickly and simply: the pipeline is disconnected from the riser, after which disassembly is carried out in stages. Significant problems can arise with old cast iron pipes.
It is recommended to install vent pipes from the lowest point of rigidity. As a rule, it is located in the main riser. If work is carried out in country house, then it is recommended to start installation from the beginning of the foundation. The work involves creating holes in load-bearing structures, after which the pipe is installed and temporarily secured with clamps. After installing all the plumbing, a drain outlet is connected to the source of waste, for example, to the toilet.
If difficulties arise when creating a flexible sewer pipe when the pipes do not fit into each other, you can use soap or silicone. These substances lubricate the sealing rings. Do not apply heavy loads, as PVC pipes and O-rings may be damaged.
When installing a drain pipe, it is recommended to use exclusively metal clamps. Similar type fastenings are the most reliable. The studs on a standard clamp, which is made of metal, have a screw structure. This moment allows you to precisely adjust the characteristics of the connection.
Installation work must also include insulation of the structure. Special attention is given to the area of contact between the pipe and other elements of the structure. Of course, PVC does not react to impact environment, but still care should be taken to protect the sewerage elements. Despite the large number of advantages of PVC pipes, there are also significant drawback, which consists in poor insulating qualities. Due to the small thickness of the walls, the sound of falling wastewater can spread throughout the room. This problem can be avoided by insulating wastewater or vapor outlets with foam. You can also use mineral wool in the form of rolls.

If repair work is necessary, we will pay attention to the following points:

As previously noted, the fan pipe must have a diameter equal to the diameter of the riser or have a larger one.
The end of the outlet must not be bent or narrowed. However, you can install special caps that will eliminate the possibility of rainwater and snow getting into the system.
It is recommended to lay most pipes in a warm room, and only the ends in a cold zone. In order to create additional thrust, the required pressure drop is created due to a sharp change in temperature. In any case, part of the pipe will be located in the cold part of the room.
The number of risers in the house also determines the number of fan pipes. Therefore, when designing an autonomous sewage system, you should avoid significantly increasing the number of risers in the room.

At the design stage, you should pay quite a lot of attention to the fan pipes and their locations. Often the design of the house is related to how many exits there will be, since they will be located on the roof or attic floor.

In conclusion, we note that when installing a fan riser, you should replace elements already existing system. This is due to the partial completion of installation work.

The sewer system needs communication with the atmosphere for the flow of air when rarefaction occurs and the removal of gases. For these purposes, a sewer pipe is installed in a private house. Its absence can lead to the system not working correctly - the drainage of water will be accompanied by irritating sounds, and an unpleasant odor will appear in the room.

With intensive drainage of water, the flow rate in the sewer system sharply increases, resulting in the formation of a zone of rarefied pressure. Since, according to the law of physics, the pressure in closed system tends to level out, water from outlets and siphons rushes into the vacuum zone, which is why unpleasant and rather loud rattling and squelching sounds arise in the kitchen and bathroom. Fan pipes for sewerage provide instant air flow into the rarefaction zone, thanks to which eliminates the possibility of water leaking from water seals.

Toilet bowls are often cited as the main reason for the formation of vacuum, but it should be remembered that the flow rate can increase significantly during operation. washing machine which drains water under pressure. If we answer the question why a sewer pipe is needed in one phrase, we can say that such structures prevent the drainage flow from blocking the general lumen of the sewer riser.

Another function of the fan pipe is removal of gases generated in the sewer system. Otherwise, they can enter the room, causing a lot of trouble.

Pipe materials and diameters

Since the drain pipe in a private house is part of the system, it would be optimal to make it from the same material that was chosen for the rest of the pipelines. In some cases, a combination of materials is allowed, but experts believe that the efficiency of dissimilar systems is significantly lower.

To install the internal part of the sewer system in a private house, cast iron or plastic pipes are used.

Cast iron pipes have the required durability, however, if they have defects during processing or receive mechanical damage, they become susceptible to corrosion. In addition, the large weight of the products significantly complicates installation, not only from the point of view of increasing labor costs, but also from the point of view of fixing vertical sections of the pipeline.
Increasingly, they are used for the installation of internal sewer systems. plastic pipes, which, in addition to being lightweight, have a number of other advantages, including strength, durability, absolute immunity to corrosion and the presence of a smooth internal surface, which reduces the likelihood of deposits and blockages. Another advantage of plastic is big choice not only pipes of different diameters, but also fittings necessary for the implementation of the developed scheme.

The choice of the diameter of the fan pipe is made taking into account the design features of the system. Basic condition: the diameter of the drain pipe should not be less than the largest pipe(including pipes and outlets) of the system.

Since in the vast majority of cases the largest sewer pipes are used to connect the toilet and have a diameter of 110 mm, the drain pipes are also installed with the same diameter.

Installation of the riser and output to the roof

Current building codes (SNiP 2.04.01-85 * “Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings”) recognize the mandatory installation of a vent riser for houses with 2 or more floors, however, experts are confident that in a one-story private house such a design can significantly increase the level of comfort and eliminate unnecessary hassle. Taking into account the purpose of sewer pipes, it becomes clear that their need directly depends on the degree of risk of blocking the flow of the sewer, and therefore on the amount of wastewater entering the system. Thus, when using the home as a place summer holiday with short-term accommodation and availability minimum quantity plumbing and drain points, you can completely do without a drain pipe.

For a full-fledged residential building, which has a toilet, bathroom or shower, several taps, washing and Dishwasher, the drain pipe is, if not mandatory, then, in any case, a very desirable addition to the sewer system.

Installing a sewer drain pipe is not difficult. In fact, the vent part of the system consists of individual outlets for drain points and a vent riser. At large area home and several bathrooms located at a considerable distance from each other toilet rooms it is possible to install several vent risers in order to eliminate the laying of long horizontal pipelines, in which the traction force is reduced. When connecting several outlets with one drain pipe, it is better to place the supply pipelines with a slight slope.

Intense movement of gases through the pipe and their effective removal the system is facilitated by a temperature difference - the initial section of communications is located in a heated room, and the final section is located outside the house.

Since the main part of the drain pipe is a vertically located line, it is important to take care of its secure fixation. Fan pipes are attached to the walls using. In some cases it is recommended to perform soundproofing of fan risers using materials specially designed for this purpose (for example, mineral wool rolls or slabs).

The outlet of the vent pipe to the roof requires special attention. It can be carried out through a riser located inside the house or using a fixed external wall pipes at home It is optimal to bring the vent riser directly to the roof, since output to the attic is not allowed existing standards and rules, and installing the structure under an overhang increases the risk of pipe destruction when ice or snow mass falls from the roof.

In order for the system to work effectively, it is important to follow certain rules.

Height of the fan pipe above the surface pitched roof must be at least 0.5 m above the unused flat roof- 0.3 m. And if the roof is used, then the height of the pipe should be at least 3 m.
If there are several pipes leading to the roof (general ventilation, chimney from a fireplace or stove, etc.), the fan pipe must be higher than all the others. Otherwise, unpleasant odors will be able to enter the room. For the same reason, it is strictly forbidden to combine a fan riser with common system ventilation or with a chimney.
The distance from the windows to the drain pipe should not be less than 4 m.
It is preferable to carry out the outlet of the vent pipe in the place where it is located maximum amount drain points, without moving the pipe for aesthetic reasons.
It is not recommended to install decorations or other additional elements. Their presence can contribute to the formation of condensation and, accordingly, icing and a decrease in the diameter of the passage. In this case, gas removal will be less efficient.

To reveal the topic in as much detail as possible, it is described in another of our articles.

If you decide to make your own shower stall, then you will find it useful about installation shower drain under the tiles.

Check valve

Installing a check valve on the drain pipe can improve the efficiency of the system, in particular, prevent the backflow of gases. Besides, check valves reduce the risk of drain pipe clogging.

A sewer system without a drain pipe equipped with will perform its functions, however, the ease of use and degree of reliability may be lower, so the joint use of these elements is still recommended. In particular, with dry water in the siphon, the valve alone will not get rid of the smell.

Installation of the drain pipe is carried out at the stage of construction of the internal part of the sewer system; it can be done with your own hands if you have minimal skills. It is only important to strictly follow the recommendations of specialists and the requirements imposed building codes and rules. Usage modern materials significantly reduces the labor intensity of work.

Internal wastewater from the building must be regularly transported to external system sewerage system, which is required for its operation. Its operation is ensured thanks to special risers, which are equipped with fan pipes. When installing a sewer riser onto the roof, there is no need to install additional exhaust devices like a deflector and weather vane. You will need to connect several risers using one fan pipeline. Prepare the ventilation duct in advance. First connect the oblique tee, then the 45 degree elbow, then the elbow and then the straight tee.

Place the vent pipe at a height of 30 to 50 cm from the ridge if the roof is not in constant use. If the roof is constantly used, for example, as a summer terrace, then it is necessary to draw a height of three meters.
If your home has two or three risers in the sewer system, equip them with one ventilation pipe.
When installing the ventilation pipeline, the distance from windows and balconies must be at least 4 m.

Do not route the ventilation fan pipeline under the roof overhang; it can be damaged by snow and rain that falls on the roof and begins to slide and fall.

When it comes to installing (or replacing) sewer lines, errors in planning or installation can lead to unpleasant odors. To avoid this, good ventilation of the sewer riser is necessary.

This is realized using a fan pipe.

What is a sewer drain pipe, and how does this system work?

Fan pipe - section of pipeline that connects the sewerage system to the atmosphere(goes up through the roof). It branches off from the sewer riser and goes up through the entire house.

At the top (on the roof) it is covered with a fungus (head, umbrella) - so that precipitation and debris do not fall from above.

The wastewater passes through sewer pipe top down. If you open the drain at one point (for example, drain the water in the toilet), then the water will problems will pass according to the system. If at the same time water drains from several plumbing points (toilet, bathroom sink, bathtub, shower, washing machine), then the riser will be filled to its full diameter.

This will create a vacuum, which will “pull” water out of the water seals, causing an unpleasant odor to appear in the bathroom - if there is no drain pipe in the house.

If there is one, then air will be sucked in from the atmosphere through its hole, and the pressure in the system will equalize. Thanks to this, the plumbing seals remain in place and do not allow the smell to penetrate from the pipes into the room.

Another solution to the problem is . It can be installed instead of a drain pipe, or it can complement it.

More information about the operation of the sewer system (video)

Why is it needed: purpose and functions

Now let's look at why such a scheme is needed:

Removing gases that accumulate in the sewer system (they are removed upward through the pipe and released into the atmosphere).

Maintaining pressure in the sewer system (equalization at the time of draining large quantity water).

“Protection” of water seals (preventing them from being sucked in).

In general, the fan pipe provides normal work sewer system.

Where is a vent pipe needed, and where can you do without it?

According to SNiP, in low-rise construction (in one-story and two-story private houses), the sewerage system does not necessarily have to have a drain pipe. The reason is that in such houses the volume of simultaneously drained wastewater is small, and in rare cases it can completely block the diameter of the sewer riser.

In a private house, there is a need for such a ventilation duct if:

the house has two or more residential floors, and both (or more) floors have a bath and toilet;

the house will have 2 or more bathrooms that can be used simultaneously;

the house has a swimming pool (or any other source of a large amount of waste, for example a jacuzzi);

the diameter of the sewer riser is small (less than 100-110 mm);

There is a septic tank (cesspool) located near the house.

If you are building a house of 1-2 floors, in which there will be 1 toilet and a bathtub (sink, shower), you can do without a ventilated riser, or limit yourself to installing a sewer valve. This is true for dachas and small cottages.

Is a vent pipe needed in an apartment? multi-storey building? Yes, it is needed, and it is always available. The reason is that in apartment buildings the volume of wastewater is always large (especially during the hours when people are in the apartment: in the evening, early in the morning, on weekends).

How to choose the right fan pipe?

Before installing a riser or replacing it with a new one, you must select the right pipe. An incorrect choice may result in system malfunction.

The main parameters when choosing are:

Length (you need to know what it should be full height lines).

Material.

What should the diameter of the drain pipe be?

The diameter of the drain riser is the main characteristic that must be taken into account when choosing and designing a system (especially in Khrushchev, since in apartment buildings there is a large number of drains).

The basic rule for choosing a size: minimum diameter must be no less than the cross-section of the sewer riser(if the riser has a diameter of 250 mm, then the drain pipe should have the same size).

Common sizes during construction are single- and two-story cottages are pipes with a cross section of 50-90-100 mm. This is enough if the house has:

sewer riser with a diameter of 100 mm;

sink (kitchen sink) with a 50 mm drain pipe;

shower drain;

washing machine.

Selection by material

To lay a sewer riser, pipes made from the following materials are usually used:

PVC. Plastic products easier and faster to install, cheaper in cost. Plastic is gradually replacing cast iron - new systems are usually made from this material.

Metal (cast iron). Cast iron pipe is an outdated solution for sewer systems. Cast iron is strong and durable, but it is much more difficult to work with: cast iron products weigh a lot, they are more difficult to cut and connect, and during operation they become dirty faster.

If necessary (if repairs and replacement of the system or its individual sections are carried out)you can connect plastic and cast iron pipe. Insertion into each other is carried out using special adapters (cuff).

How to check if there is a drain pipe in the house?

If you are not building a house, but buying finished building- it is advisable to find out if it has a fan riser.

To do this, you need to flush the toilet and listen to sounds from the sink or bathroom. If you hear a squelching suction sound, the pipe is either missing altogether or is clogged and requires cleaning.

Installation rules

To properly install a fan riser, you must comply with the following requirements:

The outlet of the riser should not go into the attic, but into the street. If sewer gases escape into the attic, it will smell bad and the humidity will increase (which will lead to mold).

The diameter of the drain riser must be no less than the diameter of the sewer riser. More is acceptable, but not required.

The pipe outlet should not be located close to a wall or near other structures (windows, balconies). Otherwise, stains from gas emissions may appear on the wall, and an unpleasant odor will be felt in the rooms near the outlet.

The outlet should not go under the roof overhang, otherwise in winter the pipe may be damaged (due to ice or melted snow).

For private houses, it is enough to use 1 vent riser. Lines from all plumbing points must be cut into it using tees, crosses and adapters.

There must be a temperature difference between the lower and upper points of the pipelines (it’s warm at the bottom, cold at the top).

Fan boner can be laid in a ventilation shaft, in one box. However, it should not be connected to ventilation ducts, going to living quarters, and chimneys (according to SNiP).

It is permissible to connect several sewer pipes to one drain riser.

Installation rules (video)

In the ides of the scheme

According to the “direction” of the output, there are 2 options for laying:

Horizontal - whenthe pipe does not exit through the roof, but through the wall. The method is relatively rare and can only be used in private construction, in cases where for some reason the output cannot be made through the roof. In this case, a grille is installed on the hole, not a deflector.

IN vertically - the most common option: the riser is led up through the roof.

Vertical passage, in turn, is divided into 3 more subtypes:

An outlet with a slope of 90 degrees: a branch is made from the riser at a right angle, from which there is then another branch, and from this there is a straight section extending above the roof.

An exit with a slope of 45 degrees: a branch is made from the riser at an angle of 45 degrees, another branch is made from it, and from this there is a straight section extending above the roof.

Vertical outlet: The riser simply continues until it exits above the roof.

The exhaust pipe exits through the roof: how is it done and what height should it be?

U The fan riser section, located outside, above the roof, must meet certain requirements:

Height above roofing material The roof in use must be at least 3 meters high.

The height above a flat roof that is not in use must be at least 30 cm.

Height above pitched roof must be at least 50 cm.

Horizontal distance between terminalpipes and the nearest window (balcony) must be at least 4 meters.

The outlet should be covered by a deflector on top. It is needed to prevent debris, insects, birds, and precipitation from getting inside.

If it is possible to draw a line through the pediment, it is better to implement this option rather than passing through the roof. In this way, you can save yourself from troublesome work with roofing material and further sealing.

How is the output through the roof made? (video)

Installation errors

The installation of a ventilation riser for a sewer system may be carried out with errors. Of the most common:

Dismantling the riser (intentionally or unknowingly) in apartments (multi-storey buildings).

Output under the roof overhang.

The use of pipes of different diameters when creating a sewer system.

Output of the riser to the attic.

Mounting the riser external wall the buildings.

Do you need soundproofing for a drain pipe?

Soundproofing needed if the pipe passes through living rooms. In this case, the noise of water and air will be heard in the rooms. The pipeline itself will also make noise due to vibration and resonance.

Sound insulation of areas passing through non-residential premises- not required.If the riser is laid inwall, and the thickness of the partition is small - then at the construction (repair) stage it is recommended to perform at least “light” sound insulation.

IN Ideally, the issue of sound insulation should be resolved at the design and construction stage of the building. The riser needs to be “hidden” in a separate box (shaft), or planned so that it does not pass through the living quarters.It is also recommended to use special “silent” pipes(thick-walled polypropylene products).

The soundproofing process itselfcarried out using “shells” or roll insulators that are wound onto the pipeline. The thicker the layer, the more effective the insulation will be.