Homemade hiller for walk-behind tractor. DIY hiller drawings

Proper processing plot of land significantly increases the yield of planted crops. IN modern conditions lack of time, summer residents often resort to small-scale mechanization garden work. The walk-behind tractor has not been in short supply for a long time, and it can be found in almost every household.

Having spent a certain amount to purchase this useful device, I want to save as much as possible during operation. One way to save money is to make your own attachments.

Of course, no one suggests forging a plow in a forge, as was done many decades ago. However, you cannot do without basic plumbing equipment.

For the manufacture of homemade devices for the walk-behind tractor you will need:

Welding machine, preferably for arc welding;
Gas-burner. Not to replace electric welding, but to warm up the product during hardening;
Corner Grinder(grinder) of medium power, with a set of cutting and roughing discs;
Drilling machine or a powerful drill. Of course - high-quality drills;
Electric emery (sharpener);
Qualitative metal workbench, vices, files and fastening tools.

The most popular in use are mechanized hillers for walk-behind tractors. We will talk about the culture for which summer residents are ready to stand in the field for hours, bent over. AND an indispensable assistant in the fight for the harvest, is the attachment.

How to make your own potato hiller

First of all, let's decide which tool is right for you. There are several types of devices for hilling:

Lister with fixed and adjustable angle

Fixed is the easiest device to use and manufacture. It is easy to make using the attached drawings:

The base is made from steel sheet with a thickness of at least 3 mm. This node is the first to encounter soil resistance.

For the bracket we use a 4 mm steel strip; it is advisable to harden the part after molding. The field board can be bent from 5 mm steel, for example from a spring sheet. Only the metal must first be “tempered” and then hardened again.

Advice! A crucible is not required for tempering and hardening. With such sizes of workpieces, a gas burner is quite sufficient.

A stand is a structural element that bears the entire load. Therefore, select a strip of at least 8 mm thick for it.

General form bases in the illustration:

Welding must be done in two passes, on each side of the joint.

Wings can be made from thinner sheets. 2 mm is enough. It is important to maintain the dimensions, otherwise it will not be possible to properly connect the wings to the base.

Growing potatoes requires a lot of effort and time. During the season, potato bushes need to be hilled several times: cover the stems with loose soil to provide the roots with free access to air and retain moisture. Thanks to hilling they develop better side shoots(stolons), more new tubers are formed.

The use of small-scale mechanization greatly facilitates this process. There are many types of attachments for walk-behind tractors or mini-tractors, as well as various hand tools, intended for hilling.

Types of hillers

The easiest way is to use a hoe or hoe to loosen the soil between the rows and pour soil under the bushes, forming mounds. But it is much more convenient to form ridges with a manual potato hiller. By attaching such a device to a walk-behind tractor or electric cultivator, you can quickly process even fairly large areas.

In one pass, a manual hiller is used to process one side of two adjacent rows, and if the working element is attached to a walk-behind tractor, then several at once. On small area It is more convenient to use a hand tool.

Specialized stores sell various models of hillers, each of them has its own principle of operation. When choosing a tool for yourself, you need to take into account the size of the area being processed, and if you have a walk-behind tractor or other unit, the brand and characteristics.

Depending on the principle of operation, hillers are:

disk;
plow

According to the design of the working element, hillers are classified as follows:

models with a constant working width (the distance between the discs or plowshares);
models with adjustable working width.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 show manual hillers. These models are usually equipped with one working element and comfortable handles (for two people to work together).

Fig 1. Disc hiller

Fig 2. Plow with adjustable angle of attack

Figure 3 shows a mounted disk device with a connecting unit to a motor-cultivator or mini-tractor. Such hillers may have one or several pairs of disks (or several plows) mounted on a special beam. The number of working elements depends on the power of the machine.

Fig 3. Walk-behind tractor with disk hiller and adjustable working width

Self-production of hillers

Purchasing such equipment will not be cheap. Having skills in plumbing and necessary tools, you can save money by making a potato hiller from scrap materials.

Let's take a closer look design features hillers that you can make yourself.

The most popular among gardeners are disk models, the main element of which is a pair of concave metal disks installed at an angle relative to each other. In turn, hillers of this type can be with a fixed or adjustable distance between the disks and the angle of inclination relative to the vertical stand. The discs are mounted directly on the axle or with the help of plain bearings, which greatly facilitates the work.

Hillers with plows (lister) are considered the simplest, and therefore the most reliable in operation. They come with a constant distance between the shares or with installed spacer bars, with which you can change the working width (photo, Fig. 4). This type of hiller has a drawback - they require a more powerful cultivator than disk ones.

Rice. 4. Plow with adjustable working width

Making a manual disc-type hiller

Rice. 5. Assembly diagram of a manual disk hiller

When starting work, you should first make a drawing of a disk-type hiller, guided by detailed diagram assembly and putting down the exact dimensions.

To make such a device you will need the following tools:

gas cutter - for cutting parts from sheet metal and steel profiles;
gas welding station - for connecting parts with welds;
gas burner - for heating areas metal parts before bending them;
vices and other metalwork tools;
a powerful drill and a set of carbide drills for metal;
angle grinder (grinder) - for cleaning welds;
pipe bender – desirable, but not required.

Assembly diagram of a manual disk hiller

Earth with potato sprouts; 2. Discs – 2 pcs.; 3. Cam-type mechanism – 2 pcs.; 4. Bracket – 2 pcs.; 5. Stand – 2 pcs.; 6. Scraper – 2 pcs.; 7. Bridge beam – 1 pc.; 8. Locking bolt – 2 pcs.; 9. Handle-beam – 1 pc.

The bridge beam is made of a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm with a wall thickness of at least 2.5 mm.

Stand (item 5, fig. 5)

Rice. 6. Stand for disc hiller

Bushing – 2 pcs. Thick-walled steel pipe diameter 45 mm (45x6.5);

Jumper – 1 pc. Steel pipe with a diameter of 32 mm (32x2.5):

Nut M10 – 2 pcs.

Handle-beam (pos. 9, fig. 5)

Rice. 7. Handle-beam

Bushing – 1 pc. (steel pipe 45×6.5, length 120 mm);

Nut Ml0 – 2 pcs.;

Communication – 2 pcs. (steel pipe 21×2.5, length 1400 mm);

Jib - 1 piece (steel pipe 21×2.5, length 700 mm);

Crossbar – 1 pc. (steel pipe 21×2.5);

Handle – 1 pc. (steel pipe 21×2.5, length 450 mm).

Scheme for adjusting the working width of the disc hiller

Rice. 8. Scheme for adjusting the working width of the disc hiller

Type a – camber; view b – toe-in

Description of the assembly process

The main structural element is two concave metal disks connected to each other with a diameter of 370 to 700 mm with pointed edges. They must be made of steel sheet with a thickness of at least 2 mm. Craftsmen solve this problem in different ways; some even adapt lids from large pots that have failed. Others cut off the bottom and top part from the heating tank of an old boiler, you can remove the discs from a seeder that has served its purpose. It is acceptable to use old ones saw blades large diameter. But it is best, of course, to make disks from of stainless steel and give them the desired shape in production.

The simplest option is to fasten the discs using bushings welded together (two sections of pipe with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 50–80 mm). In this case, the distances between the lower points and the angles of inclination of the disks always remain unchanged. The disks rotate due to the sliding of the axes in bushings filled with lubricant (bolts are selected for the axes suitable diameter and length). With such a design, the row spacing will have to be made equal to this distance.

If you weld hubs to the disks, each of which will have two plain bearings installed (203, single-row ball bearings are suitable), and the axes of the disks are combined with the racks using homemade cam mechanisms, then the disks will be able to rotate freely, which will greatly facilitate the work. A steel scraper mounted on an axis on the concave side of each disk will clear it of adhering soil during operation.

Several are drilled into the bridge beam through holes in increments of 50 mm to adjust the distance between the discs to suit the row spacing. You can work with such a mechanism alone, but it’s easier and more convenient for two people. It is advisable to make front and rear pulls. Then one person will push the device from behind, and a partner will guide and pull it forward.

In Fig. 6, 7, 8 respectively show how the vertical posts are arranged and what the row handle looks like. In Fig. 8 – fastening of disks and methods of their adjustment.

Installing a homemade hiller on a walk-behind tractor

The hiller installed on the walk-behind tractor must be equipped with a coupling unit with the unit. It must be made taking into account the connecting dimensions of the mating part, and pins must be provided that will firmly connect the attachment to the unit. All parts of the clutch assembly must be made of high-carbon steel sheet with a thickness of at least 5-7 mm. Bolts of suitable diameter and length can be used as pins.

Diagram of a disk hiller designed for installation on a mechanical or electric cultivator

Rice. 9. Diagram of a disk hiller for installation on a mechanical cultivator

In order to be able to adjust the angle of rotation of the disks, two lanyards are installed on the beam (see Fig. 10). To change the distance between the disks, a number of holes are drilled in the beam for bolted connections. The design must be completely symmetrical, otherwise during operation it will be difficult to maintain straight movement, the hiller will begin to move to the side.

In Fig. Figure 10 shows the location of the lanyards and special bolts (B and C), with the help of which the position of the disks is adjusted.

Rice. 10. Adjustment with lanyards

Making a plow hiller

You can also make a lister (plow) type hiller for potatoes with fixed “wings” and an adjustable distance between them.

Drawing of a plow for a hiller with an adjustable width between the shares, recommended for self-made.

Figure 11. Drawing of a plow-type hiller

If you equip such an element with two rods: rear and front, it will be suitable for self made. As an attachment, the plow can be mounted on a bridge beam with a connecting unit (to a motorized or electric cultivator).

13329 10/08/2019 6 min.

Availability walk-behind tractor in personal farming you won’t surprise anyone. This is very valuable unit in operation allows for cultivation and plowing land plots of varying length.

However, if you use additional attachments, you can significantly expand the potential range of work of your walk-behind tractor.

It is not surprising that having spent a certain amount of money on purchasing a walk-behind tractor, many want to make optional equipment with his own hands, thus wanting to save money on their purchase.

Of course, no one is talking about making an exact copy of the equipment that is sold in specialized stores, but the principle of operation and general design features will be the same.

Most people in our country use their own gardens to plant potatoes, which are no less popular in our country than in Belarus. Therefore, the requirements for the walk-behind tractor must be appropriate - it must plow the ground for planting, and also help plant and care for potato bushes.

By courting we mean hilling, which is why potato hillers have become very popular, the methods of making which we will talk about.

About the device of the hiller

The design features of the hiller directly depend on the type of device, of which there are several.

Disc hiller. Already from the name itself it is clear that the design of this hiller uses disks, or rather two disks, located to each other at a certain angle. In addition, these discs are attached to a special frame, which is directly coupled to the walk-behind tractor via a hitch.

For more information about the disc hiller, watch the video:

Active hiller. This type of hiller is also called a propeller hiller, because its operation uses translational and rotational motion. Such hillers are installed on walk-behind tractors that have two forward gears.
This is necessary so that in second gear it is possible not only to loosen the surface, but also to transfer soil from the inter-row spaces.

This is the simplest type of hiller, which is gradually losing its popularity due to its lower efficiency compared to the two previous types of devices. Structurally, they are two sheets connected to each other; their shape is similar to something like wings.

Using these tools, you can form furrows, and then plant the potatoes themselves. In the future, when the bushes have formed to optimal sizes, you can perform hilling with the same tools.

Thus, the rows are very even and neat, which not only improves visual perception, but also helps the potato tubers form better and ripen faster in the bush.

Many owners are thinking about the question of how to make hillers for a walk-behind tractor with their own hands, what kind general principles device operation. With the help of a walk-behind tractor, you can cultivate the area for potatoes much more efficiently and carry out hilling faster.

Walk-behind tractor irreplaceable thing when cultivating crops on personal plot. The use of this tool will allow you to process potatoes better than when working manually.

Types of hillers for walk-behind tractors

This tool is one of the most important for carrying out planting work on both a small and large area. The use of this tool will allow you to process potatoes better than when working manually.

Models of hillers come in a variety of varieties, the most commonly used are the following:

lister;
disk;
propeller type;
with variable working width.

This tool allows you to make furrows and then fill them with planting material. In this case, the potatoes will be planted in neat rows, which will significantly simplify further care behind him. Overall, even if the tool is used infrequently, the resulting savings will be significant. own strength and time.

Characteristics of individual types of hillers

Lister hillers are considered the simplest variety. They are two metal sheets connected to each other in the shape of wings. The lister hiller will have a strictly defined working width, since both wing elements are fixed, their width cannot be changed depending on the size of the row spacing. When working with a lister hiller, row spacing must be adjusted to the width of the hiller. This can be very inconvenient, since the width of the rows can reach 60 cm, and the grip of a factory-made lister hiller does not exceed 30 cm.

A characteristic feature of hillers of this type is the presence of racks that do not allow the walk-behind tractor to be overloaded while digging into the soil.

For work, it is preferable to use streamlined hillers, since they turn the soil out to a lesser extent, preventing it from drying out excessively.

Disc hillers are more efficient in operation. By reducing the operating speed of the cultivator, the power of the hiller increases, which leads to an increase in service life. Hillers of this type are much more convenient to use than list ones: a motor cultivator with such a hiller will move forward on its own, and you need to put in less effort to work with it.

The third advantage is versatility. You can use a disk tool both before planting potatoes and during the period when the above-ground part becomes quite high.

When choosing, you should give preference to tools made of steel, with large sheet thickness and with bearings instead of sliding bushings.

Tools with variable grip widths are more convenient to use than sheet tools. They are equipped with a mechanism that allows you to adjust the working width by changing the position of the wings. Therefore, the walk-behind tractor in this case can work with row spacing of any width.

Most often, a tool with a variable grip width is used to work with powerful mechanisms, the weight of which reaches 30 kilograms or more, and the engine power is 4 hp.

Propeller hillers are used on walk-behind tractors with two forward gears. The tool works as follows: when the propeller devices start working, the soil begins to be crushed and the weeds are dug up. Then the beds are hilled using soil.

If the power in second gear exceeds 180 rpm, the tool can be used to not only hill up, but also transfer loose soil from the rows to the beds.

Methods for making a hiller

Making a hiller for a motor cultivator is not such a difficult task, especially for a person who has his own plot.

Skills acquired during construction and repair work on the site, it’s quite enough to make this tool yourself, without going to a specialized store.

The lister type hilling tool is quite simple design, so it doesn’t seem particularly difficult to do it yourself.

From metal sheet 0.2 cm thick halves are cut out - “wings”, which need to be bent so that a radius is obtained. Then carry out welding in several approaches.

The seam is treated with a grinder and cleaned. If necessary, selectively weld and clean again. The layer should eventually become perfectly even.

Stages of manufacturing a disk hiller

Before making a simple disk hiller, you need to select all the necessary materials and tools:

steel sheet 0.2 cm thick;
welding machine;
Bulgarian.

As in the previous case, the parts are connected until the radii are combined and welded together. Then the seams are welded, the seam is processed and cleaned until the surface is completely level.

Before making a hiller, the craftsman should carefully study the drawings, which indicate the dimensions of each element of the part. For high-quality work, you need to choose the type of disk. In steel blades for discs, the lower edges are bent, which must be bent. During manufacturing, it is important to take into account that the disks must be positioned symmetrically, otherwise the walk-behind tractor will periodically “move” to the side, which will greatly complicate the hilling process.

When assembling the disc hiller, you will need ploughshares. They can be taken from old structures. These parts are always mounted at an angle. A step is maintained between the lowest points. Its length can be determined by the wheel track width.

The parts are connected using bolts, although in some cases it is more convenient to use welding. Using an adapter, the disks are connected to each other. In addition to the main elements, you need to install a T-shaped leash, racks and turnbuckles. The latter are necessary in order to adjust the rotary axis of the disks. Lanyards are mounted to the walk-behind tractor using a beam.

A disc hiller can be made in two different technologies. The first involves creating a fixed working width, the second - adjustable. In the case of a clearly established working width, to adjust the distance between the working disks, you will have to change the location of the racks.

To facilitate further operation of the tool, you need to install sliding bearings - mechanism units designed to support and guide the axes. This measure will increase the efficiency and durability of the walk-behind tractor. Installation of sliding bushings is not recommended.

To connect the hiller to the mechanism itself, a clutch bracket is used. The wire of the hiller is connected to it using bolts. A stopper is installed in the inner space of the pipe, then the part is pressed tightly to the surface.

The bracket will change position using bolts. The walk-behind tractor wiring is located along the axis of the mechanism.

After securing all elements, the assembly of the disk hiller is considered complete. The walk-behind tractor with the new hiller is ready for the first start and further work.

Hiller made from scrap materials

Buying a sheet of steel requires spending money, while a hiller is made with your own hands most often out of a desire to save on the purchase of parts for a walk-behind tractor. Instead of a template, you can even use unnecessary materials that are literally at hand. For example, old pot lids.

However, they must be selected very carefully, in accordance with such parameters as the required disk diameter. To make a simple disk hiller with your own hands, a lid with a diameter of 40 cm is suitable, but it is better to take a larger one, 50-60 cm in size.

These figures were obtained taking into account such parameters as the length of the potato root system, planting depth plus ground clearance. The planting depth is usually no more than 8 cm, the length of the root system is up to 20 cm.

The selected cover is sharpened on all sides. Then it is bent a little with a hammer and attached to the walk-behind tractor.

As you can see, at home it is quite possible to make both a simple lister and a more complex disk hiller. Such a simple operation will allow you to make a spare part for any domestic walk-behind tractor (MTZ, Neva, Salyut, etc.), saving cash, while speeding up the process and increasing the efficiency of hilling.

The main purpose of the walk-behind tractor is to cultivate the land, where one of the tasks is to prepare it for planting. Consequently, walk-behind tractors can be equipped with special equipment, one of which is a hiller. With its help, preparatory and planting work with potatoes is carried out, and it greatly simplifies the work. The hiller's job is to make a furrow in the ground and cover it with soil after planting.

But even this is not all; hillers can also have different types designs and characteristics, the most popular can be considered:

propeller-type hillers;
lister hillers;
disk;
with the ability to change the coverage width.

If you don’t know which hiller is best for a walk-behind tractor, let’s look at the characteristics and advantages of each type.

Disc hiller

Is different excellent efficiency, the operating efficiency and power of the hiller are affected by the operating speed of the cultivating unit, where at lower rates the power increases. With a disk hiller, the life of the device increases. Having a simple design and clear operating principle, the hiller does not require special effort at work. It also does not require special maintenance. Ideal for use before planting potatoes. Disc models are considered the most popular, if only because they are available in several types. The following disc hillers are available:

With a constant working width - the average constant width is 20-30 cm, set by the manufacturer. Recommended for use with walk-behind tractors low power and weight.
With variable working width - they are actively used for hilling various agricultural crops; adjusting the working width will allow you to adjust the hilling for potatoes, and after changing, you can hill up beans with a smaller width. The maximum possible working width is 70 cm, so it is perfectly adjustable for different processes.

Also, many people ask the question: how to set up a disk hiller?

How to set up a hiller?

Using washers and bolts on the hitch bracket. The hiller is attached to the walk-behind tractor. If you are working with an adjustable hiller, it is important to consider parameters such as the depth of immersion into the ground and the width of the immersion angle. The disc hiller must be positioned so that its legs are positioned vertically.

Next, you will have to adjust the width of the angle and the depth of immersion; for this, lanyards and special screws are used, which regulate all indicators. You will have to configure it for specific crops for which hilling is carried out.

Propeller type hiller

If your walk-behind tractor has two forward gears - this type will become a hiller ideal option. The basis of the presented hiller can be called special propellers, the task of which is to first crush the soil and then get out all the unnecessary weeds. The resulting loose soil is available for use, that is, ready for hilling.

Try to use streamlined hillers; they allow you to leave moisture in the soil, because they have less intensity when working with the soil.

Lister hiller

Models with a lister design can be considered the simplest, because they do not have the ability to adjust the working width; the system has already set the furrow width. The average grip of the lister hiller is 30 cm, quite average for planting most crops.

The lister hiller works perfectly with most walk-behind tractors; with the racks installed, there is no possibility of overloading the walk-behind tractor.

Hiller with variable working width

The ability to change the working width is one of the the most important characteristics hiller, so the presented model can be called the best hiller for a walk-behind tractor. This is the most convenient and effective method prepare the ground before planting. The design of the hiller involves an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the location of the wings. By setting this indicator correctly, you get optimal width between the rows. Manufacturers of such models recommend using hillers with variable working widths in conjunction with walk-behind tractors with a power higher than 4 hp. This is an important parameter, otherwise it will harm the walk-behind tractor itself.

Single-row hiller for walk-behind tractor

Standard model with easy to use can be called a single-row hiller; it also has the ability to work with low-power walk-behind tractors, providing good performance. It is possible to hill only 1 bed per pass, but in turn this will make it possible to configure the device to exact parameters. Single row models can also be presented in different designs and designed for specific walk-behind tractors.

Video