Why do the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Child dream? What do dream books say? Joyful events are expected

Hearing the Mother of God in a dream means help in difficult matters; to see the smiling Mother of God - to joy, the crying Mother of God - to misfortune, the sleeping Mother of God - your enemies will leave you and will not notice you.

Interpretation of dreams from the Dream Book of the Dream Interpreter

Dream Interpretation - Dream with the Blessed Virgin Mary

Good night, Margarita! You saved yourself from very big problems. Remember your deceased relatives, as you are correctly advised. Pray for the health of those living today, for for their sake a great evil was averted from you. But in general, treat dreams with divine phenomena with caution, so as not to fall into delusion. Although some Church Fathers believed that demons cannot take the form of only the Most Holy Theotokos in a dream. Holy Fathers of the Church on dreams. How to interpret dreams? Http://www. Sunhome. Ru/religion/19398 Save Christ!

Dream Interpretation - The image of the Virgin Mary on earrings

The dream interprets that all the dreamer’s aspirations and hopes in reality are addressed to the Holy Mother of God (and in her part). In reality, the dream is associated with the conscious attitudes of the Dreamer, which are different from some family foundations or traditions (the theme of family, marriage, children).

Interpretation of dreams from the Dream Interpretation of the House of the Sun

A dream in which the Mother of God appeared to the dreamer symbolizes the trials that may befall him. But sometimes the Mother of God can promise joy and good luck. In order to understand exactly why such a thing occurs in a dream, dream books recommend remembering your feelings experienced in a dream and what the outcome of the meeting was.

If it happens that when you wake up, you cannot remember what exactly you dreamed about, no problem. For a dream book, sometimes a small fragment of a dream is enough to explain why this or that is being dreamed about.

  • Asking about something is a test.
  • To meet you in church is a surprise.
  • Seeing one descending from heaven means the fulfillment of desires.
  • Seeing someone on the street means reconciliation.
  • Her face appeared on the wall - someone will help you a lot.
  • Praying for something means hope for a better life.

Miller's Dream Book

Gustavus Miller believed that the Virgin Mary is dreamed of by people either with dark intentions or by those who are tormented by remorse. If you have done something terrible and are afraid of God's punishment, repent and all your troubles will go away.

For those who are not afraid of the Lord’s Judgment, the psychologist advised them to think about the fact that such a dream could be a warning not to do anything bad. If the Lord God does not punish, then the “boomerang of fate” will definitely return and “hit” very painfully.

Meeting in the temple - to surprises

Praying in a church in a dream and seeing that the Mother of God is nearby - surprises await you. If the Mother of God also prayed - everything will be fine, if she cried - you are in trouble. If you smiled and offered to pray together, a surprise awaits you.

Did you dream that in a beautiful stone church every day the appearance of the Virgin Mary with a child in her arms occurs? You don’t have to worry about your plans - they will come true, but very unexpectedly for you. And if the beauty of the stone temple is illuminated only by the bright face of the young Virgin Mary, small but heartfelt joys await you.

Seeing the Mother of God in heaven is a sign of fulfillment of desires

Do you want to understand why you dreamed that the Holy Mother of God was descending from the clouds? Take a look at Pastor Loff's dream book. His interpretation of the dream will make you happy: your wishes are about to come true.

But Medea’s dream book promises to achieve a goal through trials, interpreting a dream in which you rose to the clouds along the wide belt of the Virgin Mary, which she lowered to the ground.

The dream that you see the outlines of the Virgin Mary’s face appear in the sky means the fulfillment of a forgotten dream. And if in the sky you can see not only the face, but the entire Virgin Mary, your loved ones will help you achieve what you want.

To see on the street - to the difficulties and joys of communication

Those who had a dream that the Most Holy Theotokos, as if living woman, hugs passers-by on the street, one can hope for reconciliation with those with whom they are in a quarrel. And if the Blessed Virgin Mary hugs you, you should be the initiator of reconciliation.

Understand why you are dreaming living Mother of God with the baby Jesus in her arms, standing in the middle of a stream of people, will help Gypsy dream book. This means that in the bustle of life you don’t spend any time with your family. And the living Mother of God with a baby in her arms in a crowd of people is a warning for parents: something may be in danger for their children.

The image of the Virgin Mary as a symbol of patronage

Did you dream that an image of the Mother of God appeared on the wall? Don’t be alarmed, Miss Hasse’s dream book consoles us with its interpretation. Enemies will not be able to harm you. And if the image of the Mother of God streamed myrrh - influential person will help you.

A dream in which the face of the Mother of God with a cross in her hands appeared on the bark of a tree is considered a good omen. Honors and encouragements await you, the Eastern Dream Book prophesies.

Do you dream that some writing appeared on your pendant with the Virgin Mary, and you began to read it? You will provide patronage or assistance.

Dream Interpretation of the Virgin Mary


The image of the Mother of God can appear in a dream to both a believer and someone who does not believe in divine powers. This symbol has its own meaning and should not be ignored.

Dream of a Divine Image

Why does the Mother of God dream? This dream can promise trials that will befall the sleeping person, but at the same time it also foretells pleasant changes in life, joy and peace.

To understand why exactly this image appeared to you, it is worth reviewing the predictions given by dream books.

Predictions of some interpreters

I dreamed about the image of the Mother of the Lord

It will be nice if you remember all the fragments of the dream, your actions or sensations. Any nuance will help you better unravel the dream and reveal to you the secret of the future.

Female interpreter

You dreamed about the Mother of God, which means something will happen in your life soon. an important event. It will be pleasant and will have a positive impact on the rest of your life.

Everyday dream book

It is important to remember what the Mother of God did in a dream:

  • Seeing her smile means great joy awaits you, which will spread to your family.
  • The holy virgin will cry - there will be grief in the family.
  • The holy virgin is sleeping - the enemies have ceased to be interested in you. Nothing threatens you anymore, you can live peacefully and for your own pleasure.

For parents, a dream in which they saw the divine face is favorable. This means the children will be fine. Find a common language with them.

Praying in front of the icon

There is an icon in front of you, and you ask God for your child - try to communicate more with your child, do not let him out of sight. Your child is in danger.

Often a dream of a holy image reminds you: you haven’t been to church for a long time. Take time and visit Holy place, on this moment a sleeping person needs the wise advice of a clergyman.

Interpreter of G. Miller

Gustav Miller believed that a holy face can be dreamed of if a sleeping person feels remorse for an act he has done, perhaps planning to do an evil deed. After such a dream, you should think about your behavior and, if possible, change it.

Don’t think about bad things, don’t do mean things, because you will have to answer for them.

Dream Interpretations by Seasons

These interpreters are in quite high demand. It is believed that a dream should be considered from the perspective of what day of the month the sleeping person was born.

Birthdays during the first four months can count on help higher powers in a difficult matter, if they dream of the Mother of God with a baby in her arms.

The face of the Mother of the Lord glows

Those born in the summer months and late spring can expect that their communication with children will be easy, without misunderstandings.

The rest of the birthday people must take care of the future of their offspring; they should not let everything take its course and rely only on the will of God.

What else could a dream about the Mother of God mean?

It happens that in a dream you see yourself standing in the temple of the Lord, and next to you is the Mother of God, who is praying. Such night vision indicates that you will witness events that will go beyond all the boundaries of your understanding of reality. Nothing bad will happen, interpreters believe that everything will happen just the opposite, you will be pleasantly surprised.

The Mother of God asks you to pray with her - you can safely expect a pleasant surprise from fate.

To be in a temple where the face of a saint shines - your plans will come true. This will happen because you are kind and a wise man with pure intentions.

As Loff wrote in his dream book, the Virgin Mary, who appeared from heaven, suggests that the dreamer’s wildest dreams may soon begin to come true. Your faith is unshakable, it gives you inner strength.

If you saw the face of the Virgin Mary in the clouds, it means that you have lost faith in the Lord God, lost faith in your abilities, and lost the incentive to move on.

To dream of the Mother of God standing in the middle of the street with Jesus in her arms - you have stopped communicating closely with your relatives and have focused on unimportant things. Such a dream suggests that it is worth remembering that family is the most important thing in our worldly life.

The holy virgin hugs you in a dream - you should make reconciliation with the person you are with long time you are in a quarrel.

A complete description of the dream on the topic: “If you dream of the Mother of God with a child” with an interpretation from astrologers for people.

Why do you dream mother of God? In a dream, she symbolizes protection, patronage, or comes on the eve of trials to strengthen a person in faith. Dream books interpret this image as a harbinger of happy events.

Help and patronage

Why do you dream about the image of the Blessed Virgin Mary? The dream indicates the favor of the Virgin Mary, the opportunity to overcome the difficulties that have arisen.

Praying in front of an icon and kissing the image in a dream means: a person will receive the protection of the Almighty. When the icon streamed myrrh, thanks to his faith the sleeper will get rid of his difficulties.

Unfavorable meanings

If the image was stern, gloomy, and blocked your path, it means you need to reconsider your plans or completely abandon your intentions. They will not be blessed and therefore will fail. She cried? This is a harbinger of very bad events.

When the face is menacing, and clouds are gathering around, the dream book warns of long-term major failures. Seeing it on the walls of a church promises grief.

You will reach your goal and overcome difficulties

Why do you dream of talking to the Mother of God? Vision is considered prophetic. You must definitely listen to her orders. Talking to her is an opportunity to realize your plans. But you need to remember all the instructions and follow them exactly, then you will achieve your goal.

Finding a medallion with her image in a dream means that in reality you will receive unexpected help in seemingly hopeless circumstances.

Did you dream that she accompanied you in the dark? The dream book informs: this is a harbinger of goodwill. Seeing the Virgin Mary in the dark, shrouded in light, is a very auspicious sign. Even the most difficult questions will receive answers, and your wishes will come true.

Also, the dream that the Mother of God appeared in the darkness and illuminated everything around promises a way out of the most difficult situations.

Kazan Mother of God

Did you dream about the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God? For businessmen, the dream book foretells the conclusion of contracts that will turn out to be very promising. Praying in front of her in a dream means receiving support in reality in a matter that is important to the dreamer. Such a vision promises a girl a happy marriage very soon.

Happy Changes

Seeing the silhouette of the Mother of God in a dream, descending from the icon and speaking to the dreamer, promises him significant changes. If you stretch out your hand to a person, the dream book promises: you can hope for help and support in life if the sleeper corrects his shortcomings.

Why do you dream about the silhouette of the Mother of God with a baby in her arms? This means: the dreamer's child is expected happy event.

For young women, the Virgin Mary and baby foreshadows a new addition to the family. The pregnancy will proceed well or, despite the possible risk, will end successfully, since it is under the protection of the Mother of God herself.

How did you dream about it?

For a correct interpretation of the dream, it is important to remember exactly how the Mother of God dreamed:

  • a face in the sky among dark clouds is a bad sign;
  • with a baby - according to the dream book: your child is protected;
  • blessing - support for the dreamer’s endeavors;
  • pendant with an image - protection from troubles.

The majestic face of the Mother of God, as she is depicted on the icon, predicts the happiest event in the life of the sleeper. This is a prophetic dream: the event will occur within six months after it.

An image of the Virgin Mary inside a pendant in a dream foreshadows something good, joyful, connected with children and loved ones.

Miller's Dream Book: Don't do bad things

Such a dream warns: you need to refrain from actions that could bring harm to someone, as they will entail unpleasant consequences.

The Virgin Mary comes to dreams different people: believers and those who deny the divine presence, sinners and righteous. However, any of its appearance indicates that a person should receive his own special message: reproach for misdeeds or consolation in trouble.

If the image of the Mother of God appears to a person in a dream, then we can say that he has gained heavenly protection. At the same time, such protection obliges him to a lot. The exact circumstances under which the icon appeared in the dream have a significant impact on the interpretation of the meaning of this image.

Why do you dream about the icon of the Mother of God?

Dreamers who have beheld the icon of the Mother of God usually go through a difficult life stage. They urgently need consolation and the Blessed Virgin promises intercession to such people. If the image that appeared was ancient, then support and strength to strengthen the spirit should be sought in ancestral traditions.

Why do you dream of icons of the Mother of God framed in a rich gold frame? Despite its apparent beauty, such a sign cannot be considered favorable, since it speaks of a person’s lack of faith in the presence of higher powers and goodness. The appearance of a golden icon is especially often observed at moments when the dreamer is ready to commit a fall from grace.

The favorable moment in this case can only be associated with the attitude that was shown towards the Mother of God’s face. Respect and a kiss left on the icon speak of the dreamer’s strong spirituality and his ability to resist temptation and resist it.

Trying to explain Why do you dream about the icon of the Mother of God?, you must take into account exactly where it was located:

  • In my house.

The vision speaks of a joyful future. Although, if we are talking about a girl who had to make a difficult and significant choice, then the previously made decision should be reconsidered.

  • In the church.

Such a message is received by people who are in dire need of spiritual cleansing, and for girls who are at a crossroads in life, such symbolism speaks of the correctness of their previously made choice.

For people who are carried away by thoughts about resolving a certain problem, the icon of the Mother of God, which appeared in a dream, suggests that all circumstances favor the resolution of the situation and one can, without doubting one’s capabilities, take on the fulfillment of one’s plans. In this situation, the Mother of God is a symbol of divine blessing, extending to any endeavor.

Therefore, after such a vision, you need to immediately begin active actions, then success will certainly accompany you in all matters, and the achievement of the desired result will happen unexpectedly soon.

Why you dream about the icon of the Mother of God also depends on what specific actions were performed in the dream:

  • Pray before the image of the Virgin Mary.

If in a dream a person sees himself praying in front of an icon of the Mother of God, then soon he can expect support in business from partners or colleagues.

  • Hold the icon in your hands.

In the very near future, the dreamer will hear long-awaited news.

  • Listen to the words spoken by the face.

In this case, you cannot miss a single word from the spoken speech. Our Lady, as the best possible adviser, speaks if she wants to give useful guidance or has an important message for the listener. At the moment of awakening, it is very important to remember all the words spoken as accurately as possible, since they will help you choose the further direction of your life’s path.

Who's dreaming

Not the least role in explaining what the icon of the Mother of God may mean in a dream is played by the knowledge of who is the “addressee” of the message.

To a woman

The Mother of God has always acted as a patroness hearth and home, or in one way or another correlated with family and intra-family relationships, therefore for women such messages are filled with especially deep meaning.

Having encountered in a dream the peaceful and benevolent gaze of the Mother of God, one can quite count on the protection Holy Virgin in family matters, to protect the spouse, children and home. The one who sees such a dream moves into a new bright and happy period of her life.

The sad or even dissatisfied look of the Mother of God should be assessed completely differently. Most likely, the path chosen by the woman is not correct enough, or on this path she makes many mistakes and she needs to think about changing her behavior and outlook on life. Otherwise, family happiness will turn into a pipe dream.

Unmarried girls see the Virgin Mary in a dream if they are soon to meet their future spouse, and those who are already in a relationship should prepare for the wedding. If the solemn event does take place, then they will never have to regret their choice. Married women after such a dream they can count on a blissful atmosphere in the house and strong family relationships.

To a man

A person or an adult man who sees the face of the Blessed Virgin in a dream is truly lucky, since he will soon meet a girl (woman) who is destined for him. She will marry him and become the mother of his children, and they will live in peace and harmony.

Why might a married man dream about the icon of the Mother of God? If family life has already been established, then the vision with the image of the Mother of God says that family ties will noticeably strengthen. The dreamer’s main task in this case is not to interfere with what is happening.

What kind of icon did you dream about?

Exists a large number of different images of the Mother of God. Each of them has its own characteristics and can carry a special message.

Kazanskaya

The face of the Kazan Mother of God has always been associated with feat and military deeds. This image was always taken to bless warriors going into battle. Appearing in a dream, she can become a symbol that difficult times are coming, but no matter what, one should hope for her intercession and protection. A guardian angel will always be nearby and come to the rescue in the most difficult situations.

Perhaps you should ease your soul and go to church for confession.

Semistrelnaya

This image can be recognized by the seven swords, the tips of which the Virgin Mary holds in her palms. Anyone who sees her in a dream will soon recover. This can apply not only to the physical, but also to the spiritual, mental or emotional.

Why dream of the Seven-Arrow Icon of the Mother of God if you yourself are not sick?

It is possible that the message is not addressed to the beholder personally, but to one of his relatives. In this case, after waking up, you should pray for the health of all loved ones suffering from physical or mental illness.

What happens in a dream

In a dream, everything is important - the images themselves, their words and, of course, the actions performed.

The icon was broken

If in a dream there is no strength to hold the image of the Virgin Mary, it falls and breaks, then there is a high probability that in reality the person is close to making a fatal mistake. By taking a careless step, he may lose heavenly intercession; moreover, his life, or the life of a loved one and significant person, may be in jeopardy.

A burned, stolen or desecrated image warns of impending disaster or the risk of being slandered.

The Virgin Mary is crying

Trouble awaits those to whom the weeping icon of the Mother of God appeared. Significant difficulties may be coming, but they can be overcome, albeit at the cost of great losses.

Buying an image

Such a plot can be considered bad sign. It is likely that in the very near future a person will be left without work and family, and he himself will be to blame for this. If the dreamer was going to ask friends for help, then we can say without a doubt that he will be refused.

What does it mean to kiss the face of the Blessed Virgin?

Kissing the icon of the Mother of God in a dream, or praying in front of it, means gaining divine grace, protection and intercession. Although, according to some versions, such a dream speaks of an incorrect prioritization, in which material values ​​prevail over spiritual ones.

Why the icon of the Mother of God dreams may interest both a believer and an atheist. The interpretation of a dream can be different: it all depends on its details. Therefore, it is so important to remember them, analyze them and find answers to all questions in dream books.

Why the icon of the Mother of God dreams may interest both a believer and an atheist

What do dream books say?

It is believed that a person can dream of the icon of the Mother of God when he especially needs help and support. The dream gives hope that a patron will definitely meet along the way. But any support is not given just like that: you have to earn it through your actions.

When you wake up, you should analyze all the nuances you see, since the interpretation of the dream depends on this:

  • actions with the icon;
  • its location;
  • what position was the icon in?
  • whether she was alone or surrounded by others;
  • was it an old icon or a new one.

If you dreamed of a classic icon of the Mother of God with a baby in her arms, this means that a blessing awaits the person. Anyone who in reality is tormented by doubts about the correctness of his actions should calm down, since he is following the right path. Morpheus sends a prophetic sign saying that all plans will definitely come true.

It is believed that a person can dream of the icon of the Mother of God when he especially needs help and support

There is nothing good in dreams where, instead of a baby, the Mother of God is holding a freak in her arms. Here it is important to remember whether you dreamed about it before midnight or after. In the first case, a person expects family feuds, and in the second, betrayal of loved ones.

Dreaming of the Mother of God without a baby means that the dreamer is waiting for important news that can completely change his life. But everything will not happen so quickly, you will have to be patient for some time, come to terms with some life circumstances. But all this will be followed by pleasant changes.

A person who dreamed of an icon depicting the Mother of God with a stern or even dissatisfied face should analyze his actions. The dreamer is probably not happy with what he is doing. But if you dream of an icon with a crying saint, then this is a warning about a possible loss loved one. This is not necessarily death. It is quite possible that a break in the relationship will occur.

When someone close to you is sick, any sign that could suggest that healing will definitely come is important to the relatives. A good sign will be a dream in which the patient’s relatives or friends dream of the Seven Arrow Icon. She is easy to recognize: next to the Mother of God there are 7 swords depicted. And this does not necessarily mean getting rid of a physical illness. It is quite possible that the sufferer will cope with the depressed state and perk up. The main thing is to believe that everything will be fine.

Why do you dream about an icon (video)

Interpretation of sleep for men and women

According to different dream books, the icon of the Mother of God, dreamed of by an unmarried man, portends a quick meeting with his soulmate. She will turn out to be exactly the one destined by fate. The girl will definitely become an excellent wife and true friend, caring mother for future children. A man will live a long and long life with his betrothed happy life. Having seen such a dream, a person must believe that everything will definitely happen.

A married man can also have the same dream. And the icon promises him only good things - family relationships will become stronger. The main thing is not to interfere with life’s circumstances to develop as destined by fate.

According to various dream books, an icon of the Mother of God dreamed of by an unmarried man foreshadows an imminent meeting with his soulmate

No less interest Ask Why do representatives of the fair half of humanity dream about the icon of the Mother of God? If the dreamer is an unmarried girl, then it’s time for her to think about the style wedding dress, since the betrothed is already somewhere nearby, and her girlhood will smoothly flow into married life very soon.

A married young woman, seeing the icon, receives an excellent sign - very soon the most joyful state in life will come - expecting a baby. Pregnancy can be long expected, or it can be unexpected.

A lady of Balzac's age dreaming of the face of the Mother of God foreshadows the appearance of grandchildren. If this is excluded, then you can expect a speedy resolution of life’s problems.

Icon in a dream (video)

A few more interpretations of dreams with an icon

To see the face of the Mother of God in the sky surrounded by thunderclouds in a dream means that the death of the dreamer or someone close to him is approaching. The dream is not a statement of fact, it is only a warning. Therefore, all measures should be taken to ensure that nothing bad happens. Much depends on the person. The main thing is to try not to let trouble into your life. And sleep helps because it warns you in advance.

Seeing in a dream an icon located within the church walls, that is, where it should be, indicates that the dreamer recently made a choice, and it turned out to be correct. In reality, a man stood at a crossroads, chose a path and doubted. The dream confirms the correctness of the choice.

After such a dream, it would be nice to go to church and pray. Of course, this applies to believers. Such a dream encourages a person to think about spirituality, and in church one can find answers to many questions.

In almost all cases, the icon of the Mother of God is dreamed by someone to whom heaven has shown favor. The dream informs about an upcoming joyful event or warns about troubles that can be prevented if you try.

Attention, TODAY only!

Waking up early in the morning, many are racking their brains over how to decipher this or that dream, why does the Mother of God dream with a baby in her arms? If she appears in a dream in all her grandeur, with a beautiful radiance, it means the dream is positive, positive changes await the person, the Mother of God with the baby will ennoble the dreamer’s aspirations and undertakings.

What if you dream of the Mother of God and her baby?

If in a dream a person talked with the Mother of God, and this conversation was light and sincere, then this too good dream. Mary’s voice in a dream suggests that all hard thoughts about life are in vain, everything will be fine, illnesses and troubles will subside. Only luck awaits the dreamer, career and happiness in your personal life.

When you dreamed that the Mother of God was following a person, as if accompanying him in business, in reality you should not be afraid to act and boldly go towards your goal, let go of your fears. After such a dream, even people who are very unsure of themselves should raise their heads up, gain strength and cast aside all fears; any situation will be resolved.

Why do we dream of the Mother of God with a baby in her arms? Some dream books say that the dreamer devotes little time to his family, namely, children. Of course, everyone understands that at this time you need to work hard to provide your family with everything they need, but even half an hour a day will be enough to just talk with your wife or play lotto with your children.

If a person dreams of bright forces, Jesus Christ or the Mother of God, this is a positive dream; the dreamer expects successful completion or opening of business, successful transactions and career growth, while dark forces bring failure and bad mood.

When the Mother of God dreamed with a baby in her arms among a large crowd of people, parents should be extremely vigilant: their children may be in danger. There are also dreams in which Mary appears with a sad and tragic face near the church or enters it. This means that it is possible, no matter how sad it may sound, that you will have to say goodbye to your loved one forever.

If the dreamer dreamed of an icon of Mary with her son in her arms, this is a very good sign, especially for creative and active people, since the icon portends good luck, great fame, material well-being and success in all endeavors. But if the icon is distorted and this is clearly visible, such a dream foreshadows betrayal, deceit, betrayal and meanness, so in reality you need to be very careful.

When a person prays to the Virgin Mary in a dream, it means that he is in real life He is reputed to be a righteous person, and after death he will guide his descendants on the right path.

What does it portend?

If the Mother of God appears in a dream with a stern expression on her face, or stands in the middle of the dreamer’s road, as if blocking the path, this dream warns that in real life you should not take on a certain business, since it is already doomed to failure.

When the Mother of God rocks the baby in her arms and he sleeps, this means that the surrounding enemies will leave the person alone and will no longer “put a spoke in his wheels.” As practice shows, saints most often appear in the dreams of believers, who pray before going to bed and ask the saints for help, and never forget about spirituality. In this case, the dream directs a person to the path of truth.

The main thing is to remember what sensations a person experienced during sleep, whether the outcome of the dream was positive or negative, and what the most vivid details were remembered until the morning. When you dream that the Mother of God appears in church with a child in her arms, you don’t have to worry about your plans, they will be resolved positively. If the face of the young Mother of God appears in the temple, minor but pleasant joys await a person in reality.

In conclusion, it is worth adding that Mary, who appeared in a dream with a baby, foreshadows a warm, gentle and sociable relationship with children. This dream says that parents take care of their children and the result of upbringing will bear fruit in the future.