PVC sewer pipes - properties, dimensions, use. Sizes of PVC sewer pipes - what are they? Sewer pipe wall thickness 50
During installation sewer systems Two types of pipes are used - cast iron and plastic. The size of these products is regulated Technical Conditions(THAT). The standard size, namely diameter, ranges from 50 to 110 mm.
There are products with larger or smaller diameters. From this article you will learn the main parameters that products made of PVC and cast iron have.
They are produced in accordance with TU 2248-022-23208482-02, which allows you to choose an option for any system.
What types of sewer pipes are there?
Today, sewer systems are made from two types of pipes: plastic and metal. Plastic can be of three varieties, from:
Advantages
- Resistant to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, solvents.
- Durability - they can be buried in the ground to a depth of 16 meters.
- Smooth inner surface, which prevents the formation of plaque inside.
- Light weight - the weight of one meter with a diameter of 110 mm will be only 1.5 kilograms.
Metal sewer pipes cannot boast of a large selection of materials; they are produced only from cast iron.
Advantages cast iron pipes
- Durability - the service life of cast iron products exceeds 60 years.
- Durability - they allow you to install a riser of almost any length.
- Easy installation - the products have a socket, which simplifies installation.
Of course they are very heavy, but this is compensated by their colossal strength.
After familiarizing yourself with the properties of the two types of pipes, you can move on to their sizes.
Plastic pipe sizes
As mentioned above, plastic pipes come in three varieties: PVC, PP, PET. They differ from each other in characteristics, both basic and technical.
And only the sizes remain standard, regardless of the type. Thus, in one system it is possible to use several types from different materials.
Size and PVC application pipes
PVC pipes are produced in accordance with GOST R 51613 - 2000 and VSN 48 - 96. Pressure pipelines are regulated by GOST, and non-pressure pipelines are regulated by construction standards (VSN).
In accordance with building regulations, free-flow pipes have three diameter sizes - 50 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm. The wall thickness is 3.2 mm, length 0.5 - 8 m.
Pressure ones differ significantly from their non-pressure counterparts. The number of standard sizes is 13 pieces, and the diameter varies from 63 mm to 315 mm.
However, despite such a large assortment of plastic pipes, not all are in demand. The most commonly used options are:
- Apart from the most popular options 100 and 110 mm, the 75 mm pipe is very popular. They are used as outlets from bathtubs and showers.
- Pipes with a diameter of 100 and 110 mm are used for the construction of risers and installation of external pipelines.
- 200 and 300 mm pipes are used for the installation of industrial sewerage.
PET sewer pipes
Polyethylene pipes are produced in accordance with GOST 22689.2-89 regulations, and have only 4 varieties. The diameter is 40, 50, 90 or 110 millimeters. If the pipe is made of polyethylene low pressure, then the thickness of its walls will be only 3 mm.
Pipes made of high-pressure PET are produced in smaller diameters, and the wall thickness is: 3 mm for pipes with a diameter of 40 - 50 mm, and 5 mm for a diameter of 90 - 110 mm. The length can vary from 2 to 9 meters, and this directly depends on the diameter of the product. The larger the diameter, the longer length segment.
Polypropylene pipe
Internal pipes made of propylene are produced in accordance with TU 4926-002-88742502-00. In accordance with these conditions, their diameter can be 50, 100 and 150 mm, and the wall thickness from 3 to 5 mm depending on the diameter. Polypropylene products are used both for risers and for outlet lines from plumbing fixtures.
There are also larger ones polypropylene analogues, which are used for laying external drains. For example, products from the well-known brands Pragma and Korsis can have a diameter from 110 mm to 1.2 meters.
Dimensions of cast iron sewer pipes
Functionality is divided into two types:
- SMU – absent plug connection, i.e. both ends are smooth;
- SME - equipped with a bell at one end, smooth at the other.
The size is characterized by the internal diameter, for example: the marking DN 100 means that the diameter inside is 100 mm, and outside it will be 110 mm. Standard markings cast iron pipes - from DN 50 to DN 400. Pipes without sockets, with smooth ends, have increased strength and are produced in lengths of 3 m, and ordinary split ones can be from 15 cm or more.
The wall thickness of cast iron pipes is practically no different from plastic pipes and is 4 - 5 mm. But despite the same dimensions - length, diameter and wall thickness, mass of metal and plastic products differs significantly. For example, 1 meter of cast iron pipe with a diameter of 100 mm weighs 14 kg, and a plastic analogue of the same dimensions will have a mass of no more than 1.5 kg.
In the table below, you can see the recommended diameters of plastic pipes for internal or external sewerage. All data provided are advisory in nature and may change up or down, depending on the technical characteristics of plumbing fixtures or the sewer system.
Sewer plastic pipes: diameters, prices
Every owner wants everything in his household to work, nothing to break, and to be easy to maintain and install. And sewerage is no exception. It needs to require as little attention as possible - it is very inconvenient if it gets clogged, but it is no less unpleasant to clean it. If you want to have a trouble-free drainage system, pay attention to plastic sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing cast iron ones, and all because they cost less, are easier to install, and have a large assortment- different diameters and lengths, almost no deposits form on their smooth walls, and even their service life is about 50 years. This whole bouquet of properties determines their popularity.
Plastic sewer pipes are made from various polymers and their compositions
Types of plastic sewer pipes
Products made from different types polymers:
- polyethylene (PE):
- high pressure (HPV) - for internal sewerage distribution;
- low pressure (LDPE) - can be laid outside, in trenches (they have greater strength);
- polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
- polypropylene (PP)
And a number of other thermoplastics and their combinations, but they are rare - people prefer to use already known materials.
The material of plastic sewer pipes is selected depending on the application. For example, polypropylene is more suitable for installing sewerage inside a house or apartment. It has a higher operating temperature range - it normally tolerates environments up to 70°C, and for short periods - up to 95°C. If there are different household appliances, discharging waste hot water into the sewer, it will not be superfluous. PVC pipes having more than low prices, are more appropriate when laying external sewerage - here the drains are usually already mixed, so the temperatures are lower and PVC can withstand them without harm (working up to +40°C, short-term increase to 60°C).
An example of an in-house sewerage system made from plastic pipes
Sewer pipes can also be smooth or corrugated. Moreover, not only siphon bends can be corrugated. There are profiled pipes for sewerage with an internal smooth wall and an external ribbed one. They have greater strength - they can better withstand compressive loads (they have increased ring rigidity) and can be buried to great depths. Available in diameters from 110 mm to 1200 mm.
Dimensions and diameters
Sewage plastic pipes, unlike water and gas pipes, are produced in the form of lengths of 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm, etc. - up to 600 cm. Maximum length- 12 meters, but some manufacturers can make longer sections upon request. When laying long routes, this is convenient - there are fewer connections, fewer possible places for problems to arise (leaks or blockages).
Another important characteristics of plastic pipes are diameter and wall thickness. In the markings they usually go side by side: the numbers are 160 * 4.2. What does it stand for: outside diameter pipes 160 mm, wall thickness 4.2 mm. It’s worth remembering here that manufacturers indicate the outer diameter of plastic pipes, and many calculations and planning require knowing the inner one. It is easy to calculate: from the outer wall we subtract twice the wall thickness: 160 mm - 4.2 mm * 2 = 151.6 mm. Calculations and tables usually show a rounded result - in this case - 150 mm.
Parameters of sewer plastic pipes
In general, the industry produces plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 25 mm. The maximum cross-section depends on the type of pipe (smooth or corrugated) and the material from which it is made. For example, smooth sewer PVC pipes can be up to 630 mm in diameter, and double-layer profiled ones - up to 1200 mm. But these dimensions are of no use to homeowners or apartment dwellers. In private housing construction, diameters up to 100-110 mm are mainly used, rarely up to 160 mm. Sometimes, for a large cottage with a large number of plumbing fixtures, a pipe of 200-250 mm in diameter may be needed.
How to choose a diameter for connecting plumbing fixtures
According to the rules, a calculation must be made; it is fully spelled out in SNiP 2.04.01085. This is a complex matter, a lot of data is required, so few people really think as it should. Over the years, accumulated practice has made it possible to derive the average diameters of polyethylene sewer pipes for each of the plumbing fixtures. You can safely use these developments - all calculations usually come down to these dimensions.
Plastic pipes for sewerage: sizes and prices
Which plastic sewer pipes to use for which networks, what to pay attention to. How to choose sizes, how to decipher the markings.
Diameter and dimensions of PVC sewer pipes
Have you ever wondered what causes the high demand for PVC sewer pipes?
The thing is that they are easy to install, easy to use and, most importantly, inexpensive.
The modern market offers a wide range of materials with which sewerage can be installed.
And in order to do right choice, you need to have at least minimal knowledge about their characteristics.
Purpose of PVC pipes and main characteristics
Scope of application of this material depends on him physical properties. It doesn’t hurt to know that polyvinyl chloride is one of the representatives of the group of thermoplastics, which, after heat treatment and even under mechanical stress, retain their shape and integrity. The pipe production process also uses ethylene, stabilized chlorine and additives to improve properties.
The main purpose of PVC pipes is their use in the sewerage system. Depending on their thickness, the scope of use and, accordingly, the type are determined. It could be:
Plastic pipes: orange - for external sewerage, gray - for internal
This classification applies to those models that have undergone appropriate processing. Non-plasticized polyvinyl chloride PVC-U has the best technical characteristics.
Performance properties directly depend on technical characteristics. As for PVC pipes, they are characterized by the following indicators:
- high level of mechanical strength, moreover, three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation allows it to be installed deeply;
- resistance to negative influence aggressive environment;
- a perfectly smooth wall from the inside, which prevents the retention of solid elements;
- great importance internal pressure, minimum 6 bar, maximum 16;
- the highest temperature of wastewater that is allowed is +65 degrees Celsius, and the minimum is -10 degrees. There are models that can withstand +90 degrees, but if this happens for a short time;
- specific gravity 2 kg per linear meter(the indicator varies depending on the thickness and diameter);
- the tensile strength is 50 MPa, and the service life is about 50 years.
Features of the diameter and size of sewer pipes
Diameter of sewer PVC pipes
D is the outer diameter of the pipe; Dy- inner diameter pipes; Dр - outer diameter of the socket; Lр - length of the socket; L is the length of the pipe without socket; L1 = L+Lp
Diameter of PVC sewer pipes is the main parameter when choosing them, and this does not depend on whether the sewage system is installed internally or externally. It is worth noting that different pipe sizes mean that they are designed for different tasks. Do not forget that the installation of the sewer system will be easy and correct if you choose the right size.
PVC sewer pipe diameter table
According to the table, a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm at a slope of 1.3 cm should be used to drain the bathtub, then:
- shower - diameter 40 mm, slope 1.48 cm;
- toilet - 100 mm/1.2 cm;
- sink - 40 mm/1.12 cm;
- bidet - 30-40 mm/1.2 cm;
- sink - 30-40 mm/1.36 cm;
- combined drain - 50 mm/1.8 cm;
- central riser - 100 mm;
- bends from the riser - 65-75 mm.
Pipeline parameters include:
- external diameter;
- inner diameter;
- conditional passage - means internal section;
- nominal section.
PVC sewer pipe size chart
The table will help you understand what sizes of PVC sewer pipes there are. You can view it below:
Dimensions of PVC sewer pipes - Table 1
The dimensions of pipes for external sewerage are not regulated in any way; the only recommendation is that its diameter should not be smaller than the circumference of the external main. For example, in private houses pipes with a diameter of 110-250 mm can be used, and in intensive load systems even larger (about 400 mm).
Dimensions of PVC sewer pipes - Table 2
The thickness of the material is also of considerable importance in operation; it depends on the stiffness class to which the pipe belongs. If we talk about the thickness of the walls, then there are no specific standards for the installation of internal sewage systems, but in gravity systems it is not advisable to use pipes thinner than 1.8 mm.
How to choose the optimal diameter of sewer pipes?
Of course, the availability of PVC pipes of different sizes can be considered an advantage, but for those who encounter them for the first time, certain difficulties may arise when choosing. To avoid misunderstandings, it is important to know that:
- diameter horizontal pipe the riser through which the wastewater passes cannot be smaller. This may cause blockages;
- horizontal connections are mounted only with the help of oblique tees and angles, this prevents unnecessary clogging;
- It is mandatory to install an inspection at each turn, which is a special hole for cleaning. IN multi-storey buildings they are installed every 3 floors. Even if the area is long (more than 12 m) and deaf, an inspection will still not hurt;
- the optimal slope of the sewer pipe is 1.2 cm;
- cutting hollow objects that are not too wide is quite simple using a hacksaw or grinder.
How to choose the diameter? If you will be using a pipe to drain a dishwasher or washing machine, then its circumference should be 25 mm, and if it is a siphon or shower stall, then 32 mm. On average, sewer pipes installed inside an apartment should be 40-50 mm. For the street, hollow objects of round cross-section with a diameter of 160-200 mm are used.
Methods for connecting PVC pipes depending on their diameter
If the pipe circumference does not exceed 63 mm, then the following connection technologies are allowed for their connection:
- socket welding - the principle is to place a smaller object into one that is larger;
- sleeve welding - an additional part in the form of a sleeve is used.
This is what the coupling looks like
Some models have threaded connections, and their use requires flare fittings.
In the case of pipes larger than 63 mm in diameter, the butt welding method is used. No couplings are needed here, however, the reliability of the connection is in no way inferior to similar methods.
Diameter of PVC sewer pipes: size table
The diameter of PVC sewer pipes is the main parameter when choosing them, and this does not depend on whether the sewage system is installed internally or externally.
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes
Nowadays, plastic pipes have replaced the former cast iron and metal sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing old materials for sewerage installation from use, as they have better technical characteristics.
The advantages of plastic sewer pipes include:
- simplicity and speed of installation: they are easy to cut and connect;
- light weight: easy to transport and move, installation can be easily handled by one person;
- impossibility of damage from corrosion and the absence of roughness on the inside of the pipes, on which decomposition products can gradually build up;
- durability: the manufacturer guarantees a fifty-year service life for plastic sewer pipes, and in reality they will last longer.
- cheap: compared to cast iron and metal, plastic pipes cost mere pennies.
The disadvantages of plastic sewer pipes include:
- increased noise compared to cast iron: this is felt in panel apartment buildings with high sound permeability;
- sensitivity to high temperatures: when the temperature inside the pipe is above ninety degrees, the pipe gradually softens and deforms. But in the sewer system, as a rule, such high temperatures.
Standards and range
The parameters and dimensions of plastic sewer pipes depend on their area of application - whether it is an internal pipe or an external one. The outer ones have greater wall thickness, and, consequently, strength. Plastic pipes differ in the material from which they are made:
- Pipes made of polypropylene (PP), the most common option, are produced in accordance with GOST 26996-86, which determines the composition of PP and copolymers. GOST does not establish a specific standard for them: “plastic pipes” sewer dimensions" But in conditions market economy standard sizes PP pipes developed independently: the following diameters of sewer plastic pipes are available for sale: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm; length options: 150, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mm.
- Pipes made of high-density polyethylene (HDP) are produced in accordance with GOST 22689.2-89. Since they are produced wound into coils and cut into pieces of any desired length, GOST establishes only their diameters: 40.50, 90 and 110 mm. PVP pipes are divided into pressure and non-pressure. For pressure pipes, GOST 18599-83 prescribes the diameter of sewer plastic pipes from 10 to 1200 mm.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. The dimensions of this type of plastic sewer pipe are established by GOST 51613-2000. According to his instructions, PVC pipes should be from 10 to 315 mm in diameter, with a length of 4 to 12 m.
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes: diameters, lengths, manufacturers
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes: diameters, lengths. Standards and assortment: polypropylene (PP) pipes, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes
Sewer plastic pipes: dimensions, characteristics, installation features
Plastic sewer pipes in many areas of human activity have today almost completely replaced traditional metal pipes. The first is based on:
The most popular for arranging modern sewer systems are PVC pipes, because they are resistant to aggressive substances found in household and industrial wastewater. Negative Impact elements that are in the ground can also have an impact.
Why use plastic
If we are talking about high-quality plastic pipes for laying sewers, then they have ideal smooth surface Therefore, during operation, clogging occurs extremely rarely. During installation, there is no need to use any special tool; a hacksaw for metal will be sufficient for cutting, and its small teeth practically do not form burrs.
Key Features
Sewer plastic pipes are made from complex polymer compounds that are obtained during use latest technologies. This guarantees durability and reliability. If you want to choose especially durable products, then you should prefer metal-polymer sewer pipes.
Plastic pipes are quite easy to install; their installation requires less labor, this applies not only to the inside of the house. Such products have excellent throughput and are easy to bend at a certain angle. You can lay the pipes yourself. They have many advantages, including:
- reasonable cost;
- no need for cathodic protection;
- low thermal conductivity;
- reliable protection against the spread of viruses and bacteria;
- durability;
- resistance to chemical influences, corrosion and external aggressive environment;
- light weight.
Sewage plastic pipes are ready to last more than 50 years. They do not require constant maintenance.
Size information
The products described may have the most different sizes. If we are talking about an impressive diameter, then it is designed for increased load, so such pipes are installed to service buildings of social facilities, cottages and apartment buildings. For example, a diameter of 200 mm is suitable for a hospital, hotel or sauna.
If the diameter is increased to 300 mm, then such a pipe will be suitable for the operation of industrial facilities. IN individual construction small diameter products are required. A 150 mm riser will not be fully used, even if there are several bathrooms in the house. Square pipes can be used to solve irrigation problems personal plots. To organize drains from individual appliances such as washbasins, showers and baths, you can use 75 mm pipes.
To ensure the toilet works, it is necessary to use a 100 or 110 mm pipe. When choosing sizes, it is also important to take into account the wall thickness, which will depend on the diameter of the pipe. If the cross-section is 160 mm, then the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. In this case, a parameter of 110 mm will indicate that the wall thickness is 3 mm.
The weight of the pipe also depends on the diameter. For example, a 160 mm pipe weighs 2 kg, while a 110 mm pipe will weigh 1 kg. Sewage plastic pipes also have a certain length. According to state standards, manufacturers produce separate sections from 1 to 6 m, the step will be 1 m.
Specifications
A plastic sewer pipe, the characteristics of which you should know before purchasing this product, has a high mechanical strength. This is due to three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation. That is why these elements can be installed to a depth of up to 8 m. The pipes are resistant to aggressive environments. This especially applies to PVC-U materials, because they are used for transporting gases and chemical liquids.
The internal pressure will depend on the wall thickness and design, the maximum value can be up to 16 bar, while the minimum is 6 bar. The main disadvantage of these pipes is temperature limitation. Maximum temperature is 65 °C, while the minimum is -10 °C.
Some models allow short-term exposure to temperatures up to +90 °C. The specific gravity may vary depending on the wall thickness and diameter, but on average it is 2 kg per linear meter. At rupture, the maximum tensile strength is 50 MPa.
Characteristics of plastic sewer pipes for indoor installation
The sizes of plastic sewer pipes have been mentioned above. But this parameter cannot be called the only one that you should be interested in when purchasing these products. For example, it is also important to pay attention to the color, which indicates the purpose.
A gray tint indicates that there is a pipe in front of you. internal sewerage. It has smooth walls and is connected by a socket. The most popular sizes are: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm. The length can vary from 315 to 3000 mm. Taking into account the rigidity conditions, the wall thickness should be selected. However, for gravity systems this parameter cannot be less than 1.8 mm.
Characteristics of pipes for external sewerage
External plastic sewer pipes are usually yellow or orange. They are used for outdoor installation and are used under more severe conditions. This determines that they have their own list of wall thicknesses for each diameter. For example, for a 200 mm diameter the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. This applies to pipes for light conditions; they are laid to a depth of up to 4 meters.
With the above diameter, the wall thickness will be 4.9 mm if the pipes are operated under average conditions of rigidity and are buried 6 meters. The wall thickness will be increased to 5.9 mm if the burial depth reaches 8 meters and the rigidity conditions are severe.
Cost of sewer plastic pipes
A plastic sewer pipe 50 mm is a product where the diameter is indicated. You will have to pay 94 rubles for the product. In this case, the wall thickness will be 3.2 mm. In this case, we are talking about hardness class SN 4. A plastic sewer pipe 110 mm will cost the consumer 200 rubles. The wall thickness remains the same. With an increase in diameter to 160 mm, the price increases to 579 rubles.
Connection Features
Plastic sewer pipes must be securely sealed and connected to each other. Ultimately, the master must obtain a complete design. For this, universal fittings are used, including:
A tee Y-fitting is used for connection at an angle of 45°C. If it is necessary to form a right angle, a T-Y fitting should be used. If you need to connect a pipe of a larger diameter with a thinner pipe, then a sleeve is put on the socket, which allows you to reduce the diameter.
To avoid blockages, experts recommend using any connections less frequently. Before connecting sewer plastic pipes, the structures should be cleaned; this is necessary when the pipe will be soldered to the socket. If uneven surfaces form on the inner wall, they will collect solids from the drain. When connecting with force, you can use a lubricant such as soap, glycerin or grease.
Carrying out installation
The dimensions of the plastic sewer pipes must be selected before you begin laying the system. Next you need to follow technology. At the first stage, the elements are adjusted, and the master needs to check the correspondence of the slopes and angles. You can make markings so as not to get confused in a large number of nodes.
On next stage elements are connected to each other. It is important to check that the product fits into the socket one third of the seat. However, you should not attach special effort. To ensure tightness, the connections are glued together with a special compound. After applying it, you can put on the fitting. To create a branched system, you can use tees or other distribution elements. After completing the work, it is important to check the tightness of the system within an hour. If no leak is detected, then the installation work was carried out successfully and efficiently.
Features of arranging a sewerage system using plastic pipes
Plastic sewer pipes, the prices for which were mentioned above, must be laid with a certain slope, which will ensure unhindered removal of waste and Wastewater.
If the slope is too great, then build-up will form on the inner walls, which over time will lead to the formation of blockages and traffic jams. If the slope is made smaller or not provided at all, then the wastewater will not leave the house on its own, and the system in this case will be inoperative. Plastic sewer pipes, the prices of which should interest you if you plan to use them when arranging the system, are used in conjunction with a metal drain pipe. It is required for ventilation and is installed at a height of four meters. Its diameter usually varies from 50 to 110 mm.
When it comes to urban multi-storey buildings, where a sewer riser passes through all floors, its diameter must coincide with the outlet pipe from the toilet. This value is 110 mm. In this case, the pipe is routed to the roof, it is left open. It will communicate with the atmosphere and eliminate vacuum, which could lead to the appearance of unpleasant odors.
When assembling the riser, it is important to strengthen the neck of each pipe with a clamp. If a compensating pipe is installed, its fastening is carried out using the same technology. You should not assume that O-rings will suffice for plastic pipes. Over time, they will certainly become loose, and the joints may lose their tightness.
Conclusion
Installation of plastic sewer pipes is quite often carried out under highways. In this case, the system should be located at a depth of one meter or more. If it is no longer possible to deepen the system, then it must be pulled through a reinforced concrete box.
It is important not only to correctly lay the sewage system made of plastic pipes, but also to ensure operation in accordance with the rules. To clean sewer risers, steel wire is used, which is not suitable for plastic structures. This is due to the fact that the wire can scratch the inner walls of the products. Therefore, it is recommended to use a soft cable that is protected by a rubber tip.
Sewer plastic pipes: dimensions, characteristics, installation features
Plastic sewer pipes are made from complex polymer compounds, which are obtained through the use of the latest technologies. This guarantees durability and reliability. If you want to choose especially durable products, then you should prefer metal-polymer sewer pipes.
To select the right pipelines, it is imperative to take into account their geometric parameters. One of the most important indicators is the diameter of PVC, PPE, and cast iron sewer pipes.
Pipe dimensions and area of use
There are certain standards according to which the size of a sewer pipe depends on the area of its use. Thus, a pipeline with a diameter of 40–50 mm is installed in kitchen and sink drains, and 75–100 mm in diameter in the sewer leading from the toilet.
Standard parameters depend on the volume of water that must leave the container in a certain time. For example, in an apartment multi-storey building there are standard toilets, of which short period Over time, a large volume of water should come out along with the waste. Therefore, in most cases, for toilets, the diameter of plastic or cast iron pipes is chosen to be at least 110 mm.
Table on how to choose the internal diameter for a sewer pipe depending on the use of the outlet:
If you have non-standard parameters plumbing systems, then before installing a sewer system, it is necessary to determine the relationship between the amount of wastewater and the rate of its discharge. For this, certain geometric parameters are calculated.
In addition to the fact that the correct diameter allows you to calculate the water drainage rate, pipe cleaning is also carried out taking this parameter into account. For example, the technology of sewer cleaning with Kärcher systems is now very popular, but they are used only on pipes with a diameter of 100 mm or more.
Pipe calculation
To individually select a pipe for installation in houses, cottages or in the country, it is necessary to calculate the permeability. To calculate the useful pipe diameter (internal d), you need to know the following parameters:
- D – outer (external) diameter, mm;
- B – wall thickness, mm;
- m – mass of a linear meter of pipe, g (necessary to take into account the number and type of fastenings if a complete replacement of the pipeline is needed);
- S – cross-sectional area, mm 2.
Formulas for calculation:
S = π/4 (D 2 – d 2);
Many manufacturers polyethylene pipes mark most of the required parameters on the communication. But, as a standard, only the outer diameter (D) and wall thickness of the outlet are initially known. The most important parameter is the internal diameter; it is used to connect the pipe to the main and to lay out the sewer system, select additional elements, fittings, etc.
Moreover, unlike polypropylene plastic pipes, cast iron sewer lines are initially specified by the manufacturer with a useful internal diameter. Like steel, it is designated DN. May have different meanings, in whole numbers, for example, DN 110 or DN 200. This means that this pipe has a nominal water drainage diameter of 110 or 200 millimeters, respectively.
How to determine pipe sizes
Foreign-made polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and other plastic communications are most often designated by inches. It may also be that you need to install fasteners on the pipeline, but its dimensions are also given in inches, while the pipe is indicated in mm.
To do this, you need to convert the known inch dimensions into millimeter ones. According to the data, 1 inch is 25.4 mm. It turns out that a pipe with a diameter of 2 inches = 50.8 mm, etc. Fractional values are very often used, this is how clamps, fittings, couplings and communications are marked.
Let's look at their meaning in the table:
| In inches | In millimeters | In inches | In millimeters |
| 1/8 | 3,2 | 1 1/8 | 28,6 |
| 1/4 | 6,4 | 1 1/4 | 31,8 |
| 3/8 | 9,5 | 1 3/8 | 34,9 |
| 1/2 | 12,7 | 1 1/2 | 38,1 |
| 5/8 | 15,9 | 1 5/8 | 41,3 |
| 3/4 | 19 | 1 3/4 | 44,4 |
| 7/8 | 22,2 | 1 7/8 | 47,6 |
| 2 1/8 | 54 | 3 1/8 | 79,4 |
| 2 1/4 | 57,2 | 3 1/4 | 82,6 |
| 2 3/8 | 60,3 | 3 3/8 | 85,7 |
| 2 1/2 | 63,5 | 3 1/2 | 88,9 |
| 2 5/8 | 66,7 | 3 5/8 | 92,1 |
| 2 3/4 | 69,8 | 3 3/4 | 95,2 |
| 2 7/8 | 73 | 3 7/8 | 98,4 |
But, when measuring a socket manually, for example, with a ruler, the nearest minimum size is always taken. For example, the diameter in millimeters of a sewer pipe for a sink is 34. It turns out that the outer diameter is 1 ¼ inches. Be careful when selecting sizes, otherwise you will have to buy additional spacers or adapters. But the coupling is selected based on the nearest larger indicator, i.e., 34 mm will be considered 1 3/8 inches.
Video: Joining pipes of different diameters in the sewer system.
Steel two-way communications can have different indicators on different sides, you need to double-check the data. This can be done by experimental measurements with a caliper or plug gauge.
Table: Diameters of ceramic pipes SNiP
Before you buy sewer pipes large diameter, you need to familiarize yourself with the requirements of SNiP. There are systems designed for use in big cities, accordingly, they have larger diameters and communications, which are used in urban-type settlements or villages. Based on the standards specified in sanitary standards and rules:
- For installation of sewerage systems in urban networks with a flow of more than 300 cubic meters for 24, pipes with a diameter of 150 mm are used;
- To carry out the installation of drainage for production premises– up to 130 mm, but it is necessary to use a sealing collar;
- Laying pipes for non-pressure sewers is permitted with communications up to 100 mm.
Various domestic and foreign companies are engaged in the production and installation of sewerage pipes. The price of communications directly depends on the diameter and material of the drain. Before installing already selected pipelines, it is advisable to consult with a specialist in order to prevent possible leaks and emergency situations due to a discrepancy between the requirements and the purchased pipes.
Systems household use for the supply of water, heat and sewage disposal, in most cases they are mounted on the basis of plastic pipes. Polypropylene pipes are considered the most common and universal. For correct installation pipeline and its operation, you need to know what diameter plastic pipes are and what they are intended for.
Purpose and characteristics of plastic pipes
To designate polypropylene pipe products in the international format, two letters are used - PP. This material is produced chemical industry, thermoplastic polymers are used for its manufacture.
The specified pipe products are produced according to a certain standard, which regulates the sizes of plastic pipes and their characteristics.
As an example, here are some data and their corresponding standards:
- The density of the material according to GOST 15139 is 0.9 g/cm 3 .
- The melting point, determined by GOST 21553, reaches 149 0 C.
- The elongation of the material upon reaching the yield strength in accordance with GOST 11262 is about 50%.
- Tensile strength is regulated by GOST 11262, and can have a value of 34-35 N/mm 2.
- The linear expansion coefficient according to GOST 15173 is 0.15 mm/m 0 C.
Pipe diameter
Most important characteristic is the diameter of plastic pipes. The following types of this parameter are distinguished:
- Outer diameter section.
- Internal diametrical section.
Internal and external section of polypropylene pipe
Communication systems for water supply, heating and internal sewerage are laid using small-diameter plastic pipes. Wherein minimum value can be 16 mm, and the maximum is 50 mm.
Tubular products with large diameter are used in the construction of pipelines supplying drinking water and discharging sewage in the housing and communal services sector.
Types of polypropylene pipes depending on the scope of use
Polypropylene pipes are produced in only three names: PN10, PN20, PN25. However, they are enough for complete replacement technologically outdated metal analogues.
Despite the thinness of the PN10 pipe, its service life is about half a century. The main application is cold water supply and heating systems, including underfloor heating systems (read: " "). Small-diameter PVC pipes can also be used in the construction of storm and sewerage systems. The external diameter ranges from 20 to 110 millimeters, the internal diameter ranges from 16 to 90 millimeters.
A pipe marked PN20 can function flawlessly for 25 years. Due to the larger wall thickness, about 18.4 mm, the product can have external parameters similar to PN10, but at the same time have a smaller internal diameter. This makes it possible to use these tubular products in systems with internal operating pressure up to 2 MPa. PN20 pipes are quite suitable for installing full-fledged heating systems. This became possible due to the resistance of the products to high temperatures, up to 90 0 C. For comparison, we can say that a PN10 pipe can function normally at a temperature of no more than 45 0 C.
In the manufacture of PN25 pipes, additional reinforcement of the products with aluminum film or fiberglass is used. The operating period largely depends on pressure and temperature working environment.
The following indicators are considered the main characteristics of pipe products of this type:
- Carrier pressure no more than 2.5 MPa.
- The outer diameter ranges from 21 to 80 millimeters.
- Internal section lies in the range from 13 to 50 millimeters.
- Wall thickness can vary from 4 to 13.4 millimeters.
The price of a plastic pipe is determined by the listed characteristics.
Pros and cons of polyethylene pipes
On the positive side, new generation pipes are characterized by the following properties:
- Compliance with environmental regulations.
- Long service life, about half a century.
- Resistance to freezing of the working environment and its further thawing. This property is explained by the ability polypropylene pipes expand and return to its original shape without deforming the shell.
- Fast and convenient assembly of the communication system.
- Resistance to aggressive chemicals.
- Resistance to the occurrence of corrosive processes, as well as to the formation of blockages (subject to the pipe laying rules).
- Low price.
A disadvantage of pipes is a negative attitude towards sudden temperature changes. In addition, such products are not recommended for use in rooms with high degree fire hazard.
The diameter or cross-section of a plastic pipe for laying water supply, heating and sewage systems is of great importance. This parameter indicates the pipeline capacity that provides the most efficient operation.
Plastic sewer pipes in many areas of human activity have today almost completely replaced traditional metal pipes. The first is based on:
- polyethylene;
- polyvinyl chloride;
- polypropylene;
- polybutylene.
The most popular for arranging modern sewer systems are PVC pipes, because they are resistant to aggressive substances found in household and industrial wastewater. Those elements that are in the ground can also have a negative impact.
Why use plastic
If we are talking about high-quality plastic pipes for laying sewers, then they have a perfectly smooth surface, so clogging occurs extremely rarely during operation. During installation, there is no need to use any special tool; a hacksaw for metal will be sufficient for cutting, and its small teeth practically do not form burrs.
Key Features
Plastic sewer pipes are made from complex polymer compounds, which are obtained through the use of the latest technologies. This guarantees durability and reliability. If you want to choose especially durable products, then you should prefer metal-polymer sewer pipes.
Plastic pipes are quite easy to install; their installation requires less labor, this applies not only to the inside of the house. Such products have excellent throughput and are easy to bend at a certain angle. You can lay the pipes yourself. They have many advantages, including:
- reasonable cost;
- no need for cathodic protection;
- low thermal conductivity;
- reliable protection against the spread of viruses and bacteria;
- durability;
- resistance to chemical influences, corrosion and external aggressive environments;
- light weight.
Sewage plastic pipes are ready to last more than 50 years. They do not require constant maintenance.
Size information
The products described may have a variety of sizes. If we are talking about an impressive diameter, then it is designed for increased load, so such pipes are installed to service buildings of social facilities, cottages and apartment buildings. For example, a diameter of 200 mm is suitable for a hospital, hotel or sauna.
If the diameter is increased to 300 mm, then such a pipe will be suitable for the operation of industrial facilities. In individual construction, small-diameter products are required. A 150 mm riser will not be fully used, even if there are several bathrooms in the house. Square pipes can be used to solve problems of irrigation of personal plots. To organize drains from individual appliances such as washbasins, showers and baths, you can use 75 mm pipes.
To ensure the toilet works, it is necessary to use a 100 or 110 mm pipe. When choosing sizes, it is also important to take into account the wall thickness, which will depend on the diameter of the pipe. If the cross-section is 160 mm, then the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. In this case, a parameter of 110 mm will indicate that the wall thickness is 3 mm.
The weight of the pipe also depends on the diameter. For example, a 160 mm pipe weighs 2 kg, while a 110 mm pipe will weigh 1 kg. Sewage plastic pipes also have a certain length. According to state standards, manufacturers produce separate sections from 1 to 6 m, with a step of 1 m.
Specifications
A plastic sewer pipe, the characteristics of which you should know before purchasing this product, has high mechanical strength. This is due to three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation. That is why these elements can be installed to a depth of up to 8 m. The pipes are resistant to aggressive environments. This especially applies to PVC-U materials, because they are used for transporting gases and chemical liquids.
The internal pressure will depend on the wall thickness and design, the maximum value can be up to 16 bar, while the minimum is 6 bar. The main disadvantage of these pipes is temperature limitation. The maximum temperature is 65 °C, while the minimum is -10 °C.
Some models allow short-term exposure to temperatures up to +90 °C. The specific gravity may vary depending on the wall thickness and diameter, but on average it is 2 kg per linear meter. At rupture, the maximum tensile strength is 50 MPa.
Characteristics of plastic sewer pipes for indoor installation
The sizes of plastic sewer pipes have been mentioned above. But this parameter cannot be called the only one that you should be interested in when purchasing these products. For example, it is also important to pay attention to the color, which indicates the purpose.
A gray tint indicates that in front of you is a pipe for internal sewerage. It has smooth walls and is connected by a socket. The most popular sizes are: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm. The length can vary from 315 to 3000 mm. Taking into account the rigidity conditions, the wall thickness should be selected. However, for gravity systems this parameter cannot be less than 1.8 mm.
Characteristics of pipes for external sewerage
External plastic sewer pipes are usually yellow or orange. They are used for outdoor installation and are used under more severe conditions. This determines that they have their own list of wall thicknesses for each diameter. For example, for a 200 mm diameter the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. This applies to pipes for light conditions; they are laid to a depth of up to 4 meters.
With the above diameter, the wall thickness will be 4.9 mm if the pipes are operated under average conditions of rigidity and are buried 6 meters. The wall thickness will be increased to 5.9 mm if the burial depth reaches 8 meters and the rigidity conditions are severe.
Cost of sewer plastic pipes
A plastic sewer pipe 50 mm is a product where the diameter is indicated. You will have to pay 94 rubles for the product. In this case, the wall thickness will be 3.2 mm. In this case, we are talking about hardness class SN 4. A plastic sewer pipe 110 mm will cost the consumer 200 rubles. The wall thickness remains the same. With an increase in diameter to 160 mm, the price increases to 579 rubles.
Connection Features
Plastic sewer pipes must be securely sealed and connected to each other. Ultimately, the master must obtain a complete design. For this, universal fittings are used, including:
- knee;
- tee fittings;
- siphons.
A tee Y-fitting is used for connection at an angle of 45°C. If it is necessary to form a right angle, a T-Y fitting should be used. If you need to connect a pipe of a larger diameter with a thinner pipe, then a sleeve is put on the socket, which allows you to reduce the diameter.
To avoid blockages, experts recommend using any connections less frequently. Before connecting sewer plastic pipes, the structures should be cleaned; this is necessary when the pipe will be soldered to the socket. If uneven surfaces form on the inner wall, they will collect solids from the drain. When connecting with force, you can use a lubricant such as soap, glycerin or grease.
Carrying out installation
The dimensions of the plastic sewer pipes must be selected before you begin laying the system. Next you need to follow technology. At the first stage, the elements are adjusted, and the master needs to check the correspondence of the slopes and angles. You can make markings so as not to get confused in a large number of nodes.
At the next stage, the elements are connected to each other. It is important to check that the product fits into the socket one third of the seat. You don't have to make any special efforts to do this. To ensure tightness, the connections are glued together with a special compound. After applying it, you can put on the fitting. To create a branched system, you can use tees or other distribution elements. After completing the work, it is important to check the tightness of the system within an hour. If no leak is detected, then the installation work was carried out successfully and efficiently.
Features of arranging a sewerage system using plastic pipes
Plastic sewer pipes, the prices for which were mentioned above, must be laid with a certain slope, which will ensure unhindered discharge of waste and wastewater.
If the slope is too great, then build-up will form on the inner walls, which over time will lead to the formation of blockages and traffic jams. If the slope is made smaller or not provided at all, then the wastewater will not leave the house on its own, and the system in this case will be inoperative. Plastic sewer pipes, the prices of which should interest you if you plan to use them when arranging the system, are used in conjunction with a metal drain pipe. It is required for ventilation and is installed at a height of four meters. Its diameter usually varies from 50 to 110 mm.
If we are talking about urban multi-storey buildings, where a sewer riser runs through all floors, its diameter should coincide with the outlet pipe from the toilet. This value is 110 mm. In this case, the pipe is routed to the roof, it is left open. It will communicate with the atmosphere and eliminate vacuum, which could lead to the appearance of unpleasant odors.
When assembling the riser, it is important to strengthen the neck of each pipe with a clamp. If a compensating pipe is installed, its fastening is carried out using the same technology. You should not assume that O-rings will suffice for plastic pipes. Over time, they will certainly become loose, and the joints may lose their tightness.
Conclusion
Installation of plastic sewer pipes is quite often carried out under highways. In this case, the system should be located at a depth of one meter or more. If it is no longer possible to deepen the system, then it must be pulled through a reinforced concrete box.
It is important not only to correctly lay the sewage system made of plastic pipes, but also to ensure operation in accordance with the rules. To clean sewer risers, steel wire is used, which is not suitable for plastic structures. This is due to the fact that the wire can scratch the inner walls of the products. Therefore, it is recommended to use a soft cable that is protected by a rubber tip.
Pipes made of plastics such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP) are an alternative replacement for pipelines made of metal or concrete, that is, they are intended for laying main water supply, sewer and drainage systems. In addition, they can serve as protective boxes during cable lines for various purposes(fiber optic, telephone, etc.).
Plastic pipes. Advantages and disadvantages
The main advantages of using plastic pipes in comparison with metal and concrete (ceramic) pipes:
- Smooth and smooth inner surface of the pipe, which significantly reduces the coefficient of friction, thereby increasing their conductivity;
- Resistance to corrosive damage;
- Resistance to aggressive environments of a chemical or biological nature;
- Extended service life without special care measures. Up to 50 years - plastics and up to 20-25 years of operation - pipes made of other materials;
- Environmental Safety;
- Low specific gravity;
- Low cost;
- Simplicity and ease installation work without the need to involve special machinery and equipment (installation is carried out using a special thermal soldering iron and mechanical scissors).
We will focus our article on the so-called red pipes - PVC pipes intended for the construction of sewers, with a diameter of 110 millimeters. Separately, we note that all plastic products undergo mandatory state standardization and have appropriate certificates depending on the direction of their application.
Pipe for sewer system
Pipes for laying sewer drains have different colors(gray, black, various shades of both), but the red sewer plastic pipe 110 (160, 200, 250) mm is especially popular for home (private) communications. This is due to the fact that these products can withstand low temperatures And high pressure soil when laying them underground.
Technical description of a sewer pipe with a diameter of 110 millimeters
Specifications sewer plastic pipe 110 mm have the following main definitions according to GOST:
- Pipe outer diameter size;
- Nominal wall thickness;
- Minimum pressure withstand in bar for different diameters and wall thicknesses.
Pipe sizes 110 mm for sewerage according to manufacturing materials and GOST
Overall size for all sewer pipes made of plastic is their length. It has the following gradations: sewer plastic pipe 110 mm long 50, 100, 200 and so on up to 600 centimeters.
Maximum possible length for of this type products is 12 meters.
The diameter and wall thickness of the pipe are indicated by the manufacturer in the markings on the outer surface of the pipe and depend on the material used for its manufacture. The weight of the product depends on these parameters, taking into account the length. The diameter of plastic sewer pipes starts from 25 millimeters and, depending on the material and type of pipe (smooth, corrugated), can reach:
- for smooth pipes - 630 millimeters;
- for profiled (two-layer) – 1200 mm.
The most popular in private construction of sewerage systems are pipes with a diameter of 110-160 mm.
Calculation of the buoyancy of plastic pipes for sewer systems (110 mm)
This is not the first time we have encountered absurd questions from our users. And today the leading question is: “How to calculate the buoyancy of 110 mm plastic pipes?”
The question seems absurd for the reason that the calculation of buoyancy is carried out for pipes intended for the construction of various water structures, such as pontoon crossings, landing stages, floating breakwaters and similar structures. In this case, the minimum applicable pipe diameter starts from 300 millimeters, depending on the purpose of the construction project. Moreover, there is no need to carry out this calculation for a 110 mm plastic sewer pipe due to its size and technical structure. Simply put, a bell-shaped expansion at one of its ends.
Possible (and applicable) calculations of sewer pipes relate to their throughput of conductive liquids and determination of the laying angle when laying free-flow pipes. sewer lines. In such cases, the following is taken into account:
- Length of the pipeline section;
- Internal and external diameter of the product;
- The thickness of its pressure walls;
- Conditions for the passage of waste liquids (fecal matter).
For calculations of this type, there are special hydraulic and mechanical tables based on GOST standards.
Example. Calculation tables for apartment building.
When using plastic pipes The internal diameter of the pipeline is taken into account.
| Diameter of floor outlet, mm | Angle of connection of the floor outlet to the riser, degrees. | Maximum throughput ventilated sewer riser, l/s, with its diameter, mm | |||
| 50 | 85 | 100 | 150 | ||
| 90 | 0,8 | 2,8 | 4,3 | 11,4 | |
| 50 | 60 | 1,2 | 4,3 | 6,4 | 17,0 |
| 45 | 1,4 | 4,9 | 7,4 | 19,6 | |
| 90 | — | 2,1 | — | — | |
| 85 | 60 | — | 3,2 | — | — |
| 45 | — | 3,6 | — | — | |
| 90 | — | — | 3,2 | 8,5 | |
| 100 | 60 | — | — | 4,9 | 12,8 |
| 45 | — | — | 5,5 | 14,5 | |
| 90 | — | — | — | 7,2 | |
| 150 | 60 | — | — | — | 11,0 |
| 45 | — | — | — | 12,6 | |
| Note. The diameter of the sewer riser must be at least largest diameter floor branches connected to this riser. | |||||
| Working height of the riser, m | Maximum throughput of a non-ventilated sewer riser, l/s, with its diameter, mm | |||
| 50 | 85 | 100 | 150 | |
| 1 | 1,6 | 5,3 | 6,3 | 14,0 |
| 2 | 1,0 | 3,1 | 3,7 | 8,0 |
| 3 | 0,6 | 2,0 | 2,4 | 5,4 |
| 4 | 0,5 | 1,4 | 1,8 | 3,9 |
| 5 | 0,4 | 1,1 | 1,4 | 3,0 |
| 6 | 0,4 | 0,8 | 1,0 | 2,4 |
| 7 | 0,4 | 0,7 | 0,9 | 2,0 |
| 8 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,7 | 1,6 |
| 9 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 1,4 |
| 10 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 1,2 |
| 11 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 1,0 |
| 12 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 0,9 |
| 13 or more | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 0,9 |
Cuffs for sewer pipes with a diameter of 110 millimeters or more
Plumbing rubber cuffs are designed for tightly connecting individual sewer lines and connections extending from them (washing machine, shower stall, toilet, etc.). The following types of lip seals are distinguished:
- rod cuff;
- piston cuff;
- universal cuff.
Various rubber compounds (silicon, rubber, etc.) with the addition of polyurethane are used as manufacturing materials for these products. These compositions differ high quality its density, strength, while remaining elastic.
Can be used indoors or outdoors (installations). The dimensions of the cuffs correspond to the inner or outer diameter of the sewer pipe, depending on the type of installation of the cuff. Like the main products (pipes), they have a state certificate and standards (GOST).