Piping a heating boiler with heated floors. What does boiler piping work include?

Heating boiler piping – mandatory procedure, which will be required if you decide to install the entire system yourself. This article will help you understand many of the nuances and take into account possible pitfalls. You should understand various schemes and solutions.

What it is?

To put it simply, this is a sequence of actions that includes the calculation and connection of various components. This is necessary so that the entire system functions smoothly and the boiler can operate at the highest possible efficiency. This will contribute to high efficiency and economical energy consumption.

The set of components will depend on which type of system is selected:

• natural or gravitational circulation;
• forced circulation;
• mixed.

For the first option it will be as follows:

• Boiler. This is the heart of the entire mechanism. It is he who, by heating the liquid, forces it to act in accordance with the laws of physics - to rise up and pass along the entire circuit. After which, cooling down, it returns to its original point. For the natural circulation option, floor heating devices are used.
• Pipes. For such a solution, large-diameter metal pipes will be relevant (in some cases, the supply pipe may be 2″). This is important so that there is no resistance from the main line for free circulation of water.
• Expansion tank. It can be either open - in contact with environment- and so closed type– do not have contact with air. No additional membranes are used here, because there is no need to maintain a given pressure. It is mounted at the highest point of the entire system.
• Batteries Both cast iron and steel radiators can be used.
• Mayevsky crane. It is advisable that it be installed on all batteries where it is necessary. In this case, it will be possible to bleed air from the battery at any time.
• Fitting. The most commonly used metal threaded or welded corners, tees, bends and other connectors.

The advantages of such a system are ease of installation, accessibility of all components, and the possibility of self-installation. The disadvantages include the significant dimensions of the components, which greatly affects the appearance. Also, the other side of the coin is inertia or slow heating of the entire wiring.

For systems with forced circulation, the components will be as follows:

• Boiler. In this case, you can use any option. The wiring of a wall-mounted appliance is fundamentally similar, but includes additional elements. Also, this type of heaters is equipped with additional protective systems.
• Pipes. With this implementation, both metal and all types of suitable plastic products can be used.
• Expansion tank. Here it is of membrane type. There is a “pear” inside it, which allows you to maintain the pressure inside all circuits at the same level. Usually installed close to the equipment.
• Radiators. The same options as in the previous scheme can be used. Steel ones will be more economical. They contain a smaller volume of water, so it heats up faster and uses less fuel.
• Mayevsky cranes. Installation is the same as in the previous version. In addition, an air relief valve can be installed, which automatically removes it from the circuits.
• Fittings are selected depending on which pipe is used during installation.
• Circulation pump . Usually it is already installed in the heating device. If there are several circuits using a collector, additional units are installed.
• Hydraulic arrow. This is a very important element, which makes it possible to create a balance between different contours in the radial layout. It is designed to equalize pressure and ensure timely supply of hot media to each point.
• Pressure gauge. Usually present in all modern equipment. If it is not there, then it is installed next to the heating device. It is necessary in order to control the constancy of pressure within the entire system.
• Collector. The element from which the various circuits are wired is supplied with coolant.

The positive aspects of such wiring are the high rate of heating of the entire coolant, more economical consumption of gas or electricity. With this option, it is possible to increase the length of the contours in order to install a water heated floor. The disadvantages usually include the high cost of work, certain difficulty in maintenance and the inability to function in conditions of absence electrical energy.

IN mixed system circulation can be accomplished in two ways. The pump runs parallel to the main circuit without breaking it. Two taps are installed on the inlets to the device in order to cut it off at any time, as well as one locking mechanism on the main pipe below it. This valve closes when the pump is running. If you want the system to operate in automatic mode, then instead of a tap you need to install a check valve. The entire system usually also consists of metal pipes.

Plastic pipes have become widespread. This is due to affordable price as well as versatility. Thanks to this solution, you can avoid any obstacles and complete a contour of any complexity. The pipes are connected using fittings and a soldering iron. If possible, it is better to try to get by with as few connections as possible. This is due to the fact that the internal diameter is often narrowed at soldering points, and this creates unnecessary hydrostatic stress and reduces efficiency. If the design allows, then it is better to use bends with a smooth transition, this will eliminate sudden changes. Modern polypropylene can easily withstand carrier temperatures of up to 95º, and its service life is up to 50 years without the need for serious maintenance.

Selecting a location

For natural circulation systems, a floor-standing boiler is usually selected. There is one very important condition regarding it - it must be at the lowest point of all contours. This is explained by the fact that air bubbles should not accumulate in it. Otherwise, the heat exchanger will burn out faster. Also at the outlet there must be a pipe, which after the transition has a vertical location, this is necessary so that the air can rise up freely and subsequently be removed through a special relief valve or through an open expansion tank.

In case of installation compulsory system this condition may not be met. Wall samples can be installed both at the highest point in some cases, and at the lowest point when the heater is installed in the basement.

When piping a double-circuit boiler is performed , Additionally, it is necessary to ensure its connection to plumbing system. This is necessary because it not only heats the coolant for the heating system, but also heats running water, which will be used for domestic needs. For single-circuit ones, a similar scheme can also be implemented. But this can only be done when installing a secondary heat exchanger. Its role can be played by a metal cylinder through which the supply pipe enters the system.

Nuances for a solid fuel boiler

Such equipment cannot simply be turned off, like gas or electric. If loading has been carried out, then nothing will change until the fuel burns out completely. Therefore, with such piping it is necessary to provide protection systems. They can be of several types:

• Using tap fluid. To implement this option, a special device is purchased. By appearance it resembles a heating element. It is built into the heat exchanger; some manufacturers specifically provide an additional input for such solutions. After this, running water is supplied, and the outlet pipe is lowered into the sewer. The essence of the method is that when the circulation pump stops working due to a lack of electrical energy or a breakdown, a valve opens, which lets in cold water; it, passing through the coil, takes away part of the temperature, and is then discharged into the sewer. The process continues until the fuel is completely burned out. In some situations, this method will be ineffective, because when the lights are turned off, the pressure in the water supply also disappears.
• Source uninterruptible power supply. Today there are various options available. Most of them support connecting external batteries. The duration of operation will depend on the selected battery capacity. In this case, the pump is connected to the network via a UPS. As soon as the electrical energy is lost, a device comes into play that keeps the pump operating until the power supply to the house is restored or until the batteries are discharged.
• Small gravity circuit. It involves circulation of the medium in a small circle that does not require the use of a pump. It is made in compliance with all slopes and pipe diameters.
• Additional gravity circuit. This option implies the presence of two full-fledged circuits. At the same time, when an emergency situation arises and forced circulation disappears, hot water, under the influence of physical laws, continues to flow into the second circle, giving off temperature to the heating devices.

These are additional components, which for the most part are already included in modern boilers.

• Automatic relief valve. In appearance it may resemble a structure similar to a valve or a small barrel with a nipple at the top. In order to find out whether it is included in the design of the device, you need to look at design features connections for connection, it is usually located there.
• Dirt trap. A special flask that allows you to remove unnecessary elements from the heating circuits that got there when the system was filling. It is installed in front of the boiler entrance. It is necessary to clean it periodically.
• Coarse filter. Ordinary tap water is used. It is usually mounted at the entrance of the main line to the equipment.

Sequence of installation work

• Installation. If a solid fuel version of the boiler is used, care must be taken to ensure that there is solid foundation, which will be resistant to high temperatures. For the gas floor-mounted and wall-mounted turbocharged version, a hole is made in the wall through which a pipe is brought out to discharge exhaust gases and supply fresh air. For the chimney version and solid fuel equipment, an additional pipe will need to be brought out to the required height to create draft.
• Connection to the chimney. For modern samples, a special pipe with two sleeves is provided, one goes inside the other. One is used for withdrawal, and the other is for delivery. In other options, a clay solution is used to seal the seam. It is not advisable to use cement, as it will crack quickly.
• Ensuring good air supply. For solid fuel, you can additionally install a supply valve, with which you can regulate the incoming air and combustion force.
• Installation of pipe distribution. When the device is installed, it is easier to navigate how best to lay the highway.
• At the same time, systems that will ensure safety, as well as expansion tanks, are connected.
• Installation of a circulation pump, if necessary.
• Installation of additional temperature sensors.
• Connection to the gas pipeline. It must be remembered that such a connection must be rigid without the use of flexible hoses.

Under no circumstances should you skimp on components or neglect protection systems. Which specific method of pipe routing will be relevant in your case will depend on many factors, the main one of which will be the device itself.

Video

This video shows how tying is done.

The boiler plays the main role in all heating systems. By burning fuel, it heats the coolant circulating through the pipe lines. However, truly high-quality, safe and productive heating will only be achieved when the correct piping of the heating boiler is thought out, which can be done with your own hands.

Everything that will be located between the heating devices and the boiler is called piping. Many people do not pay due attention to it, but its proper organization solves most problems:

Strapping - what is it?

• Ensures that the system pressure does not exceed the maximum permissible level
• Will remove air dissolved in water, preventing the formation of air cushions
• Will get rid of scale, sand, slag and other debris circulating along with the coolant
• Will compensate for excess thermal expansion
• Allows you to connect more than one circuit to the system
• Can turn on the boiler and accumulate hot water, thereby allowing you to save

To summarize the above, the harness must ensure the reliability, safety and performance of the entire system as a whole. Special attention must be given to solid-state boilers in which automation systems are not provided. By correctly laying the pipes from them, it will be possible to achieve greater efficiency than that of.

Scheme

Introductory video lesson

Options for piping boiler equipment

There are a huge number of strapping options. However, their main classification is the principle of coolant movement through pipes:

1. Forced circulation

Forced circulation isolation

The most widespread is the piping of a heating boiler with forced circulation. It is more practical and convenient. The installed pump is responsible for the movement of the coolant, thanks to which the liquid will quickly circulate through the pipes.

Despite its practicality, forced circulation piping has certain significant disadvantages:

• Numerous devices that are included in the circuit greatly complicate it
• High cost of devices
• High cost of installation and subsequent regular maintenance
• It is necessary to balance the installed elements with each other
• Dependencies on power sources

Installation of boilers with two or more circuits requires piping with forced circulation. However, the main performance indicator will be the power of the selected boiler. If it is not enough, it will not have time to heat the required amount of coolant.

Interchange with natural circulation

The most accessible and simplest is piping a heating boiler with natural circulation, which anyone can do. In this scheme, there is no pump, and the coolant moves through the pipes due to the ability of cold, more dense liquids to push out less dense, warm ones.

The gravity scheme has a number of advantages:

• Low installation and maintenance costs
• Simple installation that anyone can do on their own
• Ability to quickly restore the system in case of failure

When starting work, you need to correctly calculate everything and take into account several important rules:

1. Minimum interior diameter pipes – 32 mm
2. The location of heating radiators should be higher than the heating boiler
3. The number of turns and other areas blocking the flow of coolant is reduced to a minimum
4. Straight horizontal sections must have minimum slope 5 mm per meter in the direction of coolant movement

Despite the undeniable advantages, gravity harness has significant drawback. It is applicable only for heating with one circuit and is most effective in small houses. Pipes laid above the ceiling and near the floor will slightly spoil the interior.

Collector wiring

At the present time, options with natural and forced circulation of coolant, based on tees, are being replaced by more modern collector or radial isolation. It is much more efficient, but more difficult to set up and requires large initial costs.

Collector circuit involves placing a collector - a special water collector - behind the heating boiler. Each tap or radiator included in the heating system is connected to it separately.

The collector must be installed in a special cabinet. The coolant, which is heated by the boiler, enters directly into it and only then is distributed through the pipelines.

The advantages of the beam wiring scheme should be obvious to everyone:

• It is possible to control individual heating elements in one place - the manifold cabinet
• A stable, equivalent pressure is ensured at each point of the heating system

However high level comfort will not come cheap. Each individual node will have to lay its own pipeline. This will entail an increase in installation time, consumption of pipes, fittings and other auxiliary fittings.

Essential elements

When starting to piping a heating boiler, it is necessary to draw up a list of required equipment and components in advance. The main elements without which it is impossible to carry out the work are:

Click to enlarge image

1. Circulation pump, the purpose of which is known to everyone. It must ensure uninterrupted movement of coolant through the pipes of the heating system
2. Expansion tank- a container that is installed at the highest point. Excess coolant accumulates in it and is discharged into the sewer system
3. Air valves – special devices which remove air accumulated in the system. More often it gets there along with the coolant and if it is not eliminated, it can form an air blockage.
4. Sump– its purpose is to remove various debris, sand, scale, slag, etc. from the coolant.
5. Hydrostatic needle– is a thick pipe with a cyclic branch and is installed between the return and supply. Its main task is to connect a circuit with other coolant parameters to the system
6. Collector or thermal- a container that stores hot liquid

We make the binding with our own hands

First of all, you should install a heating boiler. For floor model little provision should be made concrete base, and lay a sheet of steel around it. The equipment is then connected to the chimney pipe. For gas models It is best to choose a coaxial chimney.

You should not install a heating system without an exhaust hood. The simplest method is a small hole covered with a grate in the wall. For a heating system that operates with multiple circuits and is based on a capacious, powerful boiler, a hood is installed.

The time has come to begin the most important stage of the work - strapping:

1. Before you start connecting pipes to each other, you should take into account their inlet and outlet diameters - they must be equal to each other
2. First of all, select the location of the collector after reading the attached instructions. It should indicate the serving and receiving lines
3. As a rule, a pipe with a diameter of 1.25 inches is laid from the boiler to the pipeline, and 1 inch from the collector to the devices.
4. If some of the manifold holes will not be used, they are closed with plugs
5. A mixing (distribution) pipe must be installed at the inlet pipe, which will monitor the temperature of the supplied coolant; in underfloor heating systems, a similar element is mounted at the outlet
6. A pump is installed on the return line. It can be mounted behind the control valve or directly cut into the circuit
7. The last working stage is the installation of additional devices: various sensors, taps, filters, fuses, etc.

Educational videos

In custody

Each owner must independently assess the current situation and choose the most suitable heating boiler piping that satisfies him. Of course, for a private cottage with a large number of rooms, priority is given forced scheme with a collector, for a summer residence you can choose the gravity version.

Work must be carried out step by step, ensuring the quality of the already assembled part of the system. If possible, seek specialist advice or hire professional craftsmen, providing a guarantee of reliability and quality.

Harness gas boiler: floor, wall, single and double circuit

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Installation of gas heating is a very important and responsible stage. A comfortable and cozy atmosphere in the house depends on how high-quality the materials are selected, as well as on the technology of installation work. Undoubtedly, correct scheme The gas boiler piping will act as protection for the system from overloads, and will also ensure uniform heat distribution throughout the room.

Piping a gas heating boiler

Gas boiler piping and its purpose

Piping refers to pipes and mechanisms that are used to supply coolant from the boiler to the radiators. This is almost the entire heating system, with the exception of the batteries.

Find out the price and buy heating equipment and related products you can find here. Write, call and come to one of the stores in your city. Delivery throughout the Russian Federation and CIS countries.

The system includes a large number of components, but the simplest version of the harness can be installed by a non-professional. But if a diagram is required, then in this case it is better to seek help from specialists.

When choosing a piping scheme, in each specific case it is necessary to take into account the type of boiler, construction features, and type of heating system.

Any gas unit is dangerous. If you make mistakes during the connection process, the result can be not only problems with heating your home, it is also fraught with explosions and destruction. That is why it is very important to strictly comply with safety standards and requirements. When piping a gas boiler for heating a private house, you should rely on the requirements of SNiP.

It is necessary to plan the heating scheme well, decide where the equipment will be located, and the features of laying pipelines.

The boiler piping performs a number of very important functions:

1. Controls pressure. If all the conditions of the piping are met and it is performed correctly, then thermal expansion is compensated. This means that the pressure in the heating system will not increase to too high levels.
2. The next function is air removal. Due to air bubbles, traffic jams appear, which negatively affects water heating. In such situations, radiators heat up unevenly, but resource consumption remains the same. Execute high-quality harness boiler is needed in order to avoid such unpleasant moments.
3. Prevention of blockages in the system. If you make mistakes during the boiler piping process, there is a high probability of scale appearing in radiators and pipes. Small debris in the coolant pollutes the system, which leads to excessive fuel consumption, and this increases the cost of heating, while its quality decreases.
4. Other circuits can be connected. You can additionally install underfloor heating and a storage boiler.

By and large, heat supply is directly dependent on the accuracy of the technology for connecting the boiler to pipelines and other important elements, so it is very important to think carefully about the gas boiler piping scheme and produce it as efficiently as possible.

Boiler piping components

The boiler piping may include various elements:

1. Diaphragm expansion tank. Its main task is to compensate for the increase in the volume of water or antifreeze in a closed heating circuit during heating. The tank is divided into two parts by means of an elastic membranes, and part of its volume is filled with air. When the volume of coolant increases, the gas is compressed and the pressure in the circuit increases quite a bit.
2. Safety valve. This element’s main function is to discharge excess coolant during a dangerous increase in pressure in the circuit, thereby protecting the system from possible rupture of pipes and batteries. Water is drained using a drainage pipe into the sewer. If the valve operates frequently, this means that the volume of the expansion tank is too small.
3. Air vent. It is used to automatically release air pockets into the atmosphere that remain in the circuit after the coolant has been drained. Air creates hydraulic noise and interferes with normal movement with low hydraulic pressure.
4. Pressure gauge. A pressure gauge is necessary to control the operating pressure in the circuit. Sometimes a thermomanometer is used instead, which displays temperature and pressure. The instrument scale must be marked at least up to 4 atm (bar, kgf/cm²).
5. Open expansion tank. This element performs the functions of an expansion tank, air vent And safety valve in an open (that is, operating without excess pressure) heating system. The tank communicates with the atmosphere and is often connected via a tap to the cold water system to recharge the circuit.
6. Boiler indirect heating. It is a thermally insulated tank with a heat exchanger to provide the home with hot water. The heat source is water or antifreeze from the heating system, which moves through the heat exchanger.
7. . This element ensures the process of forced circulation of coolant through the heating circuit. Modern pumps have a power of 50-200 watts and can be adjusted, due to which the speed of the coolant also changes.
8. Hydroarrow. It is a container with pipes designed to connect several heating circuits; it also combines the supply and return pipelines. Thanks to the hydraulic arrow, you can connect circuits with different temperatures and circulation rates, reducing their mutual influence to a minimum.
9. Coarse filter. This part is a sump with a filter mesh designed to purify water from large contaminants (primarily sand and scale). The filter prevents the thin pipes of the gas boiler heat exchanger from becoming clogged.
10. Two and three-pass thermostatic mixers. It is responsible for recirculating the coolant, allowing the formation of an auxiliary circuit with a lower temperature regime than the main circuit. The mixer valve is controlled using a thermal head - a device that changes the position of the valve depending on the temperature of the sensing element.

Piping a single-circuit gas boiler

A simple piping system for a gas boiler with one circuit is compiled based on the characteristics and requirements of the heating unit. A check valve and a ball valve are mounted on the supply side. A pump is mounted on the return and discharge pipes, ensuring liquid circulation and uniform distribution of coolant throughout the rooms.

Example of boiler piping for a private house

It is installed in front of it strainer, which is placed with the sump facing down. Before liquid enters the boiler, experts recommend installing a fine filter. A closed expansion tank should be located closer to the boiler. It contains a membrane, which makes it possible to relieve pressure during thermal expansion of the liquid. From the pump, the coolant moves along the circuit to the radiators.

A more modern solution is considered to be decoupling through a collector - a special water collector, from which the liquid is distributed through several circuits. The collector is located in a special cabinet from which the coolant is distributed through pipelines.

The gas boiler piping circuit includes a safety valve. When the coolant boils, due to overheating, the expansion tank may simply not withstand pressure drops and, as a result, a malfunction will occur, which is fraught with the following consequences:

• pipeline ruptures and connection leaks;
• destruction of pipes and fittings;
• explosion of the boiler tank.

The safety valve is mounted as close as possible to the boiler, because pressure increases in it. Some devices have security groups, which includes a relief valve, an automatic air vent and a pressure gauge.

The devices are installed in the water jacket of the boiler, but can also be mounted on pipelines. On units running on gas and electricity, such devices can be replaced with others.

There are a large number of ways by which the described elements can be connected to the boiler; they are classified based on the type of coolant circulation in the system: natural or forced.

Natural circulation

The operating principle is based on reducing specific gravity water when heating. The hot liquid is displaced by the cold liquid upward, where it flows through the heating devices, giving off a certain amount of thermal energy and returning to the boiler for heating.

Installation of outlet and inlet pipes is carried out with an inclination of at least 3°. This is necessary so that natural circulation occurs and less air accumulates in the system.

With natural circulation, the heating boiler piping is done in such a way that the radiators are above the supply pipeline.

The return line goes from above also with a slope. If the installation is carried out correctly and the pipe diameters are selected in accordance with the requirements, then natural circulation is almost identical in power to forced circulation.

Advantages of this method:

• the system is simple;
• installation is not difficult;
• during operation the units make virtually no noise;
• characterized by a long service life.

The system is intended to supply heat to small rooms, the area of ​​which does not exceed 100 m². As a disadvantage, it can be noted that the room warms up over a long period of time and it will not be possible to regulate the temperature in individual rooms.

Types of gas heating boiler piping

The gravity circuit is usually used in small-sized houses, dachas, and in the presence of one heating circuit. It is better to install pipes in walls, because... they will not look very attractive in the interior.

Forced circulation

This method is considered the most popular and widespread, because the pump intensively pumps coolant through the system and heating efficiency increases by 30%.

As advantages, we can note the ability to adjust the temperature and low pipe consumption during installation. The system will cost more because... it is more complex and requires more instruments. Installed components require balancing, and the entire system requires regular maintenance. In addition, a source of electrical energy is required.

If you install combined system, then it will combine the advantages of both previous ones. You can switch it to any operating mode using a bypass, which is installed together with the pump. In this case, the functioning of the heating will be directly dependent on the supply of electrical energy to the house.

Do-it-yourself piping of a double-circuit gas boiler

Now let's look at how to piping a gas double-circuit boiler heating.

The main difference between such a heating device and a single-circuit unit is the versatility of the first. It maintains the degree of coolant in the heating circuit, and also heats water for domestic needs. Single-circuit units can also indirectly heat water. The process of heat transfer is carried out during the movement of the coolant through the secondary heat exchanger.

Also, a distinctive feature of a double-circuit boiler is the direct transfer of thermal energy to water. At consumption hot water The coolant does not heat up. Simultaneous operation of two circuits is impossible.

As practice shows, for houses with high-quality thermal insulation, the operating mode of the heating boiler is not of fundamental importance. The heating circuit will be the same for any type of heating.

Radiators and coolant provide long-term cooling. This result is due to the choice of radiators with large capacity and wide pipe diameters. A large volume of hot water can be obtained by combining a single-circuit design and a heating column. On larger houses, the operation of the boiler does not affect in any special way, so the heating circuits will be identical.

Connection features

A double-circuit boiler does not need to be designed in conjunction with a natural circulation system - after heating of the coolant ends, its movement will stop in a short time. Reheating takes a fairly long period of time, and, as a result, there is uneven heat distribution in the radiator. However, many models include circulation pumps.

The traditional version of piping boilers with two circuits is as follows. The hot water rises into a supply pipe that surrounds the house above. Then the coolant flows through the connected risers with heating devices that do not completely open the riser.

The radiators are supplied with a jumper and a throttle, which are responsible for heat regulation functions. A shut-off valve is required on the second supply line. The air vent is mounted in the upper part of the expansion tank circuit. By bottom connection The coolant system moves in the opposite direction. The advantage of such a scheme is the ability to work in natural circulation mode.

Piping a floor-standing gas boiler

A floor-standing boiler operating on gas has small dimensions, but in order to install such equipment you need a lot of space. This is due to the need to accommodate all key elements: circulation pump, manifold, elbows, bushings, taps and instruments.

Connecting a floor-standing gas boiler

Most of the wall-mounted models are single-circuit. And to provide the house with hot water, it is necessary to install a boiler with all connections. The hot water supply system requires a separate pump (in the case where there is no central water supply), an expansion tank, and a thermostatic mixer.

It is very important to connect the gas to the boiler according to the requirements. To do this you need to place an order project documentation, which is compiled by specialists. A gas pipe is introduced into the house when there is a shut-off device (in emergency situations). Gas connection is carried out by special services that use special pipes, hoses and other equipment.

Wiring a wall-mounted gas boiler

Mount gas boilers Can be on the wall in the kitchen. They are very compact and can be placed even in small rooms. The wall-mounted gas boiler piping is included in the kit and can even be built into the boiler.

As a disadvantage of wall-mounted units, low power can be noted. In addition, such a heating device cannot function without electricity, and natural coolant circulation is not typical for them. On the other hand, almost all models of heating boilers are equipped with electronics and they require electricity. In areas with unstable supply, you can install.

Many wall models provide for piping a double-circuit heating boiler, the circuit of which makes it possible to provide the house with hot water.

The disadvantage of a dual-circuit unit is that the heating is turned off during the period of hot water consumption. This is especially noticeable with low boiler power. If there is enough of it, the temperature of the coolant drops by only a couple of degrees in a few hours.

Piping a gas boiler with an indirect heating boiler

In order to connect an indirect heating boiler to a gas boiler, its design includes a temperature sensor placed in the tank.

In order for the boiler to function together with a heating unit that is equipped with a hot water circuit, a safety valve is used. With its help, the flow of heated coolant is distributed between the main heating circuit and the auxiliary hot water supply circuit.

Control is carried out according to signals that come from a thermostat built into the water heater. When the water in the boiler cools below a set value, the thermostat turns on the valve, which directs the flow of coolant from the heating pipeline into the DHW circuit. The thermostat switches the valve to its original state when the water temperature in the tank reaches above the specified value. In this case, the coolant flow moves into the heating main. In the warm season, the flow is redirected and the boiler combustion mode is controlled. When the water temperature in the boiler decreases, the thermostat, using a three-way valve, “lights” the main burner of the device, and when it rises, the gas supply to the burner stops.

Such a scheme would be an excellent option for gas boilers that are equipped circulation pump and automation. In such situations, the valve can be controlled by the boiler itself, following a command received from the water heater thermostat.

When connecting a boiler to a single-circuit boiler, a circuit with two circulation pumps. This connection method can essentially replace a circuit with a three-way sensor. Distinctive feature This method of connection is the separation of coolant flows through different pipelines using pumps. The hot water supply circuit also has a higher priority over the heating circuit, but this is achieved thanks to a clearly structured switching algorithm.

The centrifugal pumps are switched on alternately according to signals from the thermostat, which is located in the tank.

To avoid mixing coolant flows, a safety valve must be installed in front of each pump.

Tying a gas boiler with polypropylene

The boiler piping is carried out using soldering technology - this reduces to zero the risk of leaks, which most often occur due to poor-quality installation of fittings.

The advantage of working with a polypropylene pipeline will be the ability to create any contour. Beginners can use the simplest strapping scheme.

Can be applied various technologies welding polypropylene and working with fittings adjusted to size. Worth avoiding large quantity connections and do not neglect the possibility of smooth transitions.

It is important to observe one condition - a rigid connection at the gas supply to the boiler.

Experts advise using a metal pipe and connecting it to the boiler using an “American” or a drive. This is a key requirement when working with gas-fired heating appliances.

You can use a paronite gasket. It is not worth using tow, fum tapes and rubber components. They can catch fire, and the rubber will significantly reduce the diameter of the pipe, which will negatively affect the gas supply process. Such a pipeline is characterized by a long service life and can withstand pressures of more than 25 bar and a coolant of 95°C.

To summarize all of the above, it is worth noting that the piping diagram for a gas heating boiler is drawn up based on their characteristics and requirements in each individual case.

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The purpose of any heating system is to create a comfortable environment in the home. A favorable microclimate cannot be achieved if the heating boiler is connected incorrectly. Piping diagrams for gas heating boilers help connect this device to the water supply system and distribution networks, in accordance with established rules and technical requirements.

What does boiler piping mean?

If a person has never before encountered the need to arrange a heating system, he is not familiar with the term “piping”. This concept means the use of a specific installation scheme that will protect the equipment from possible overheating.

According to experts, correctly installed piping of a gas heating boiler or an appliance operating on a different type of fuel allows the heating system to operate more economically and efficiently.

Heating boiler piping elements

Knowing what elements a gas heating boiler piping diagram contains will help you connect heating equipment to the system without any problems:

1. Heating boiler. It is one of the main components of the heating structure; its choice largely determines the method of connection and. The heating boiler must not be placed at the top of the pipeline distribution. The heating circuit rod must be capable of venting air. To avoid air pockets, if the boiler does not have an air vent, the pipe should be positioned vertically.
2. Pipes. This element has gas wall and electrical devices, intended for heating the coolant liquid (read also: " "). The presence of pipes means that the boiler is equipped with an automatic air vent.
3. Expansion tank. This membrane element are used when piping a wall-mounted gas boiler, as well as a floor heating device. Thanks to its presence, the heating generator is reliably protected from water hammer. The expansion tank consists of two cavities that are separated by a special membrane.This design controls possible pressure drops in the heating boiler. The device functions as follows: the coolant moves through one of the cavities, and at the same time the other cavity is filled with air.
4. Heating radiators. These devices provide heat exchange between the air in the room and the coolant liquid (read also: " ").

Features of gas boiler piping

There are several ways to tie a gas boiler. The most popular option is . Working with pipes made of this material is low cost and simple. Plaque and solid particles do not collect on the walls of polypropylene products. When such pipes are used, piping a gas boiler with your own hands is not difficult; any property owner can handle such work.

Boiler piping, including dual-circuit models, performed by soldering. This method allows you to avoid leaks during operation, in contrast to the use of fittings, when, if they are not fastened accurately, there are places through which leaks occur. coolant liquid(read also: " ").

The polypropylene pipeline allows you to create a contour of any shape. Welding of this material is carried out different ways, the main thing is not to allow large number pipe connections that must be made smooth and uniform. An exception concerns the location of the gas supply to the heating boiler. The connection is made by using a rigid threaded connection, called “American” (squeeze).

Paronite serves as a gasket. It is prohibited to use tow, fum tape or components made of rubber. The fact is that rubber gaskets under the influence of high temperatures can narrow and, as a result, practically block the passage in the pipeline, and tow is easily flammable.

Tied up polypropylene pipes a pipeline, such as in the photo, can withstand pressure up to 25 bar, and are also not dangerous to it high temperatures reaching 95 degrees Celsius.

Connecting double-circuit gas boilers

A double-circuit boiler, unlike a single-circuit heating device, has a universal purpose. Such a unit for domestic needs heats water and at the same time maintains the required temperature conditions.

The peculiarity of double-circuit boilers is that during the consumption of hot water there is no parallel work both circuits. This means that the piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler does not depend on the type of heating and is always the same. Due to the large size of the pipes, radiators and coolant take quite a long time to cool.

There is one more feature: if you are piping a double-circuit gas boiler, then you cannot use natural circulation water. Many models are equipped with a special pump, because without it, after the generator stops heating, the movement of the coolant stops and the installation begins to reheat, which takes much longer and, as a result, the radiators begin to unevenly heat the room (read: "").

Gas boiler wiring diagrams

If the gas boiler is connected in the classic way, the coolant moves up the supply pipeline. Then the water is directed to risers, which have special devices that do not allow them to be opened.

The heating level is regulated by radiators equipped with a throttle and jumpers (read also: " "). It is mandatory to install a shut-off valve on the second supply line, and an air vent is placed in the upper part of the expansion tank. The coolant returns to the boiler along the lower supply line.

When the piping of a double-circuit gas boiler is carried out by the house owner himself, you need to prepare the following tools and components for the work:

Forced-type devices are easy to operate and are considered more comfortable to use.

The heating unit is controlled automatically. Among the advantages it should be noted that for separate rooms You can set a certain temperature thanks to the presence of sensors that control the heating process.

At the same time, the piping scheme of a wall-mounted gas boiler has negative aspects, including:

• high price for components;
• the difficulty of implementing the strapping, which can only be done by a professional;
• the need for constant balancing of parts;
• high cost of service.

If the house has a complex heating system, for example, there is a “warm floor” and radiators, then you may notice some inconsistency in the movement of the coolant. Therefore, to solve the problem, a hydraulic decoupling is included in the piping circuit, forming several circuits for the movement of coolants - a common circuit and a boiler circuit.

To waterproof each circuit, an additional heat exchanger is installed. This will be required to combine open and closed systems. Installations belonging to the separate type must be equipped with circular pumps, a safety system and taps (drain and feed).

How to connect a gas boiler, see details in the video:

Wiring diagrams for wall-mounted boilers

Piping a floor-standing gas boiler and heating devices another type can be simplified by using primary-secondary rings. There will be fewer all kinds of devices designed to control the operation of the system if you make several rings of the heating system and install its own circulation pump for each of them. Thanks to such measures, a uniform supply of hot coolant to the end consumer is ensured.

The wiring diagram for a dual-circuit device is complex. A reasonable solution is to contact a specialized gas organization. Its employees will quickly connect the equipment to the gas supply system.

Unlike electric and gas heating units, solid fuel boilers are almost never equipped with circulation pumps, a safety group, or adjustment and control devices. Everyone solves these issues independently, choosing a heating device piping scheme in accordance with the type and features of the heating system. Not only the efficiency and performance of heating, but also its reliable, trouble-free operation depends on how correctly the heat generator is installed. That is why it is important to include in the diagram components and devices that will ensure the durability of the heating unit and its protection in the event of emergency situations.

In addition, when installing solid fuel boiler you shouldn’t give up equipment that creates additional convenience and comfort. you can solve the problem of temperature differences when rebooting the boiler, and an indirect heating boiler will provide the house with hot water. Have you thought about connecting a solid fuel heating unit according to all the rules? We will help you with this!

Typical wiring diagrams for solid fuel boilers

The opinion that a solid fuel boiler is an obsolete unit covered with dirt and soot is wrong, isn’t it?

The complexity of controlling the combustion process in solid fuel boilers leads to high inertia of the heating system, which negatively affects the convenience and safety during operation. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the efficiency of units of this type directly depends on the temperature of the coolant. For efficient work heating piping must ensure the temperature of the thermal agent within 60 – 65 °C. Of course, if the equipment is not integrated correctly, such heating at above-zero temperatures “overboard” will be very uncomfortable and uneconomical. In addition, the full operation of the heat generator depends on a number of additional factors- type of heating system, number of circuits, presence of additional energy consumers, etc. The ones presented below take into account the most common cases. If none of them meets your requirements, then knowledge of the principles and structural features of heating systems will help in developing an individual project.

Open type system with natural circulation in a private house

First of all, it should be noted that open gravity-type systems are considered the most suitable for solid fuel boilers. This is due to the fact that even in emergency cases associated with a sharp increase in temperature and pressure, the heating will most likely remain sealed and operational. It is also important that the functionality of the heating equipment does not depend on the availability of power. Considering that wood-burning boilers are installed not in megacities, but in areas remote from the benefits of civilization, this factor will not seem so insignificant to you. Of course, this scheme is not without its drawbacks, the main ones being:

• free access of oxygen to the system, which causes internal corrosion of pipes;
• the need to replenish the coolant level due to its evaporation;
• uneven temperature of the thermal agent at the beginning and end of each circuit.

A layer of any mineral oil 1–2 cm thick, poured into the expansion tank, will prevent oxygen from entering the coolant and reduce the rate of evaporation of the liquid.

Despite its shortcomings, the gravity scheme is very popular due to its simplicity, reliability and low cost.

Installation diagram solid fuel unit in the heating system open type

When deciding to install using this method, keep in mind that for normal coolant circulation, the boiler inlet must be at least 0.5 m below the heating radiators. The supply and return pipes must have slopes for normal coolant circulation. In addition, it is important to correctly calculate the hydrodynamic resistance of all branches of the system, and during the design process try to reduce the number of shut-off and control valves. Proper work systems with natural coolant circulation also depend on the installation location of the expansion tank - it must be connected at the highest point.

Closed system with natural circulation

Installation on the return line will avoid the harmful effects of oxygen and eliminate the need to control the coolant level.

Design of membrane expansion tank

When deciding to equip a gravity system with a sealed expansion tank, consider the following points:

• capacity membrane tank must contain at least 10% of the volume of the entire coolant;
• a safety valve must be installed on the supply pipe;
• the highest point of the system must be equipped with an air vent.

Additional devices that are included in the boiler safety group (safety valve and air vent) will have to be purchased separately - manufacturers very rarely equip units with such devices.

The safety valve allows the coolant to be discharged if the pressure in the system exceeds a critical value. A normal operating indicator is considered to be a pressure of 1.5 to 2 atm. The emergency valve is set to 3 atm.

You will learn more about this system in our next article:.

Features of systems with forced coolant movement

In order to equalize the temperature in all areas, a circulation pump is integrated into the closed heating system. Since this unit can provide forced movement of the coolant, the requirements for the level of installation of the boiler and compliance with slopes become negligible. However, you should not give up autonomy natural heating. If a bypass branch is installed at the outlet of the boiler, then in the event of a power outage, the circulation of the thermal agent will be ensured by gravitational forces.

Using a bypass will allow you to switch to natural way coolant circulation

The electric pump is installed on the return line, between the expansion tank and the inlet fitting. Thanks to the lower coolant temperature, the pump operates in a more gentle mode, which increases its durability.

Video: Tying a solid fuel boiler

Correct installation of a solid fuel boiler in a closed heating system

A huge advantage of solid fuel boilers is that their installation does not require any permits. It is quite possible to carry out the installation yourself, especially since this does not require any special tool, no special knowledge. The main thing is to approach the work responsibly and follow the order of all stages.

Boiler room arrangement

The disadvantage of heating units used to burn wood and coal is the need for a special, well-ventilated room. Of course, it would be possible to install a boiler in the kitchen or bathroom, however, periodic emissions of smoke and soot, dirt from fuel and combustion products make this idea unsuitable for implementation. In addition, the installation of combustion equipment in living rooms It is also unsafe - the release of fumes can lead to tragedy.

A solid fuel boiler is best installed outside residential premises

When installing a heat generator in a boiler room, several rules are followed:

• the distance from the combustion door to the wall must be at least 1 m;
• ventilation ducts must be installed at a distance no higher than 50 cm from the floor and no lower than 40 cm from the ceiling;
• There should be no fuel, lubricants or flammable substances and objects in the room;
• The base area in front of the ash pit is protected with a metal sheet measuring at least 0.5 x 0.7 m.

In addition, at the location where the boiler is installed, an opening is provided for chimney, which is taken outside. Manufacturers indicate the configuration and dimensions of the chimney in the technical data sheet, so there is no need to invent anything. Of course, if the need arises, you can deviate from the documentation requirements, but in any case, the channel for removing combustion products must provide excellent traction in any weather.

How to properly install a chimney

When installing a chimney, all connections and cracks are sealed with sealing materials, and windows are also provided for cleaning the channels from soot and a condensate catcher.

Preparing to install a heating unit

Before installing the boiler, select a piping scheme, calculate the length and diameter of the pipelines, the number of radiators, type and quantity additional equipment and shut-off and control valves.

Despite all the variety of design solutions, experts recommend choosing combined heating, which can provide natural coolant circulation. Therefore, when making calculations, it is necessary to consider how a parallel section of the supply pipeline (bypass) with a centrifugal pump will be installed and to provide for the slopes necessary for the operation of the gravity system. You shouldn’t give up on buffer capacity either. Of course, its installation will entail additional costs. However, a storage tank of this type will be able to level out the temperature curve, and one load of fuel will last for a longer time.

Connecting the boiler to the heating system with buffer tank dual use

Particular comfort will be provided by a heat accumulator with an additional circuit, which is used for hot water supply. Considering the fact that due to the installation of a solid fuel unit in a separate room, the length of the DHW circuit, an additional circulation pump is mounted on it. This will eliminate the need to drain cold water while waiting for hot water to flow.

Before installing the boiler, it is imperative to provide space and not forget about devices designed to reduce pressure in the system in critical situations. A simple strapping diagram that can be used as a working design is shown in our drawing. It combines all the equipment discussed above and ensures its correct and trouble-free operation.

You will learn even more information about the arrangement of the boiler room and installation of equipment from our article:.

Installation and connection of a solid fuel heat generator

After carrying out all the necessary calculations and preparing the equipment and materials, installation begins.

1. The heating unit is installed in place, leveled and secured, after which the chimney is connected to it.
2. Heating radiators are mounted, a heat accumulator and an expansion tank are installed.
3. A supply pipeline and a bypass are installed, on which a centrifugal pump is installed. In both sections (direct and bypass) install Ball Valves so that the coolant can be transported by forced or natural means.
   

   We remind you that the centrifugal pump can only be installed with the correct orientation of the shaft, which must be in a horizontal plane. Schemes of all possible options The manufacturer indicates installation in the product instructions.

4. The pressure line is connected to the heat accumulator. It must be said that both the inlet and outlet pipes of the buffer tank must be installed in its upper part. Thanks to this, the amount of warm water in the container will not affect the readiness heating circuit. We definitely note the fact that cooling the boiler during the reboot period will reduce the temperature in the system. This is due to the fact that at this time the heat generator will work as an air heat exchanger, transferring heat from the heating system to the chimney. To eliminate this shortcoming, separate circulation pumps are installed in the boiler and heating circuits. By placing a thermocouple in the combustion zone, you can stop the movement of coolant through the boiler circuit when the fire dies out.

   

   Installing separate pumps on the boiler and heat exchange circuits can solve the problem of heat leakage through the boiler when it cools down

5. A safety valve and an air vent are installed on the supply line.
6. Connect the emergency circuit of the boiler or install shut-off and control valves, which, when the water boils, will open the main line for its discharge into the sewer and the channel for supplying cold liquid from the water supply.
7. Install a return pipeline from the heat accumulator to the heating unit. A circulation pump, a three-way valve and a settling filter are installed in front of the boiler inlet pipe.
8. An expansion tank is mounted separately on the return pipeline.
   

   Note! Shut-off valves are not installed on pipelines that are connected to protection devices. These areas should have as few connections as possible.

9. The upper outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to a three-way valve and the circulation pump of the heating circuit, after which the radiators are connected and the return pipeline is installed.
10. After connecting the main circuits, they begin to install a hot water supply system. If the heat exchanger coil is built into a buffer tank, then it will be enough to simply connect the input for cold water and exit to the “hot” line. When installing a separate indirect heating water heater, use a circuit with an additional circulation pump or three-way valve. In both cases, a check valve is installed at the cold water supply inlet. It will block the path for heated liquid into the “cold” water supply.
11. Some solid fuel boilers are equipped with a draft regulator, the function of which is to reduce the flow area of ​​the blower. Due to this, the air flow into the combustion zone is reduced and its intensity, and, accordingly, the temperature of the coolant is reduced. If the heating unit has this design, then install and adjust the drive of the air damper mechanism.

    

    Installation automatic regulator traction will allow you to control the fuel combustion process

All threaded connections must be carefully sealed using sanitary flax and a special non-drying paste.

After installation is completed, coolant is poured into the system, centrifugal pumps are turned on at full power and all connections are carefully inspected for leaks. After making sure that there are no leaks, fire up the boiler and check the operation of all circuits at maximum modes.

Features of integrating a solid fuel unit into an open heating system

The main feature of open heating systems is the contact of the coolant with atmospheric air, which occurs with the participation of the expansion tank. This container is designed to compensate for the thermal expansion of the coolant that occurs when it is heated. The expander is installed at the highest point of the system, and in order to prevent hot liquid from flooding the room when the tank is overfilled, a drain tube is connected to its upper part, the other end of which is discharged into the sewer.

Open type expansion tank design

The large volume of the tank forces it to be installed in the attic, so you will need additional insulation expander and tubes suitable for it, otherwise they may freeze in winter. In addition, you must remember that this element is part of the heating system, so it heat losses will lead to a decrease in temperature in the radiators.

Since the open system is not sealed, there is no need to install a safety valve or connect emergency circuits. When the coolant boils, the pressure will be released through the expansion tank.

Special attention should be paid to pipelines. Since the water in them will flow by gravity, the circulation will be influenced by the diameter of the pipes and the hydraulic resistance in the system. The last factor depends on turns, narrowings, level changes, etc., so their number should be minimal. In order to initially impart the necessary potential energy to the water flow, a vertical riser is installed at the outlet of the boiler. The higher the water can rise along it, the higher the coolant speed will be and the faster the radiators will warm up. For the same purposes, the return inlet should be located at the lowest point of the heating system.

Finally, I would like to note that in open systems It is preferable to use water rather than antifreeze. This is due to higher viscosity, reduced heat capacity and rapid aging of the substance upon contact with air. As for the water, it is best to soften it and, if possible, never drain it. This will increase the service life of pipelines, radiators, heat generators and other heating equipment several times.

Pay attention to the article on choosing coolants for heating systems:.

Video: Connecting a solid fuel boiler with your own hands

As you can see, the choice of boiler integration scheme depends on many factors, including the features of the heating system and the need to install additional equipment. If you have successfully understood all the nuances, then you can safely get to work. Finally, I would like to note that heating is one of the most complex and critical engineering systems. If you are not sure about own strength, don't experiment. Remember that installation errors will sooner or later result in serious problems, so don’t hesitate to ask the experts for advice.