Calculation of a vacuum cleaner cyclone with your own hands. Do-it-yourself cyclone for a vacuum cleaner - high technology in your home

About filters.
The cyclone filter does not retain more than 97% of dust. Therefore, additional filters are often added to them. From English “HEPA” is translated as “High Efficiency Particulate Air” - a filter for particles contained in the air.

Agree that even you cannot imagine your life without such necessary equipment like a vacuum cleaner? They cope not only with dust, but also with dirt.

Of course, vacuum cleaners can be used not only at home, but they also come in different types: battery-powered, washing, and pneumatic. As well as automobile, low-voltage industrial, backpack, gasoline, etc.

Operating principle of a cyclone vacuum cleaner

James Dyson is the first creator of the cyclone vacuum cleaner. His first creation was G-Force in 1986.

A little later in the 1990s, he submitted a request to manufacture cyclone devices and had already assembled his own center for the creation of vacuum cleaners. In 1993, his first vacuum cleaner, known as the Dayson DC01, went on sale.
So, how does this cyclone-type miracle work?

It appears that the creator, James Dyson, was a remarkable physicist. Thanks to centrifugal force, it is involved in collecting dust.

The device has two chambers and is divided into two types - external and internal. The air that spins inside the dust collector moves upward, as if in a spiral.

According to the law, large dust particles fall into the outer chamber, and everything else remains in the inner chamber. And the purified air leaves the dust collector through filters. Here's how cyclone filter vacuum cleaners work.

Vacuum cleaners with a cyclone filter, features

Do not opt ​​for those models that require little power. You will definitely not like this kind of cleaning and most likely, you will want to throw away such a device.

Don't waste your money, but take a more serious approach to buying a vacuum cleaner. You just have to contact the sales consultant and he will help you with choosing a particular vacuum cleaner.

You should choose a device that is 20-30% more powerful than a bagged vacuum cleaner. It is best to take the one with a power of 1800 W. Almost all vacuum cleaner manufacturers produce models with this filter, which is good news.

Advantages of cyclone dust collectors

1. This has probably happened to everyone, when an item you accidentally needed ended up in the dust collector? Now this is not a problem because it is transparent! And you will always be able to notice objects that need to be pulled out of there as quickly as possible.

This is one of the most important advantages.

2. The power of such vacuum cleaners is maximum and does not reduce speed and power, even when the container is clogged. Cleaning is much more enjoyable, power does not drop, cleaning is cleaner.

This vacuum cleaner is capable of holding much more than you imagine. Up to 97%!!! Not likely, right? Although some are dissatisfied with this result, as they prefer vacuum cleaners with a water filter.

3. By buying a cyclone vacuum cleaner, you are not only making a good purchase, but also saving space for storing it, since its weight is quite light. You won't have to carry heavy weights.

4. There is no need to constantly change paper bags for the vacuum cleaner.

5. Power. She is not lost from fullness.

6. It can be washed thoroughly with water and dried.

Disadvantages of cyclone dust collectors

1. One of the disadvantages of these vacuum cleaners is not very pleasant. This is washing and cleaning the filter. Of course, you won’t have to clean the container with a brush every day, but still, this is one of the disadvantages. Laziness is present in every person. Yes, of course it’s unpleasant to face the fact that you need to get your hands dirty.

2. Noise. The noise from this type of vacuum cleaner is much greater than from a regular one.

3. Energy consumption. It is also much higher than that of a conventional vacuum cleaner. It's a small tornado.

It's up to you to decide whether to buy this little miracle or not. In fact, all its advantages outweigh its few shortcomings. A clean house is much nicer than a half-finished tidy, wouldn’t you agree?

Personal impressions

Compared to an old vacuum cleaner, the cyclonic dust collector looks quite modest in size. It is impossible to believe that such a little thing is capable of something serious. Now the old vacuum cleaner can only be used for wet cleaning.

When I use it for the first time, I take out the accessories, insert a small diameter pipe, turn on the device, and what’s really surprising is that the brush cleans the carpets much better than my previous assistant.

He cleans everything. Dirt, hair from our pets. Previously, you had to make a lot of effort to cope with such “now little things”.

I have laminated flooring in my hallway and it was just as easy to clean. The fact is that I have another brush in stock, tougher than the previous one for carpets, so I coped with this task so easily. You know, the sound of this vacuum cleaner is not as loud as they wrote about it on the Internet.

I am pleased with this device because it is light and not so loud. I also liked the compartment for storing all the necessary attachments; it is very convenient that it is built into the vacuum cleaner itself.

Once I knew what this little tornado could do, it was time to clean out the container. Thank God, when I started emptying the dust collector, it fell in dense, large clumps.

Since the debris was compacted by the air flow. No clouds of dust were visible, and it did not rise into the air! So I finished my first cleaning with my cyclone vacuum cleaner. I rinsed the container and that was the end of the cleaning!

Cyclone for vacuum cleaner photo

All vacuum cleaners are designed for one purpose - cleanliness. This applies to all vacuum cleaners.
Industrial and construction vacuum cleaners are usually used on machines or for cleaning any premises. These vacuum cleaners are quite expensive, since the operating principle of the cyclone filter vacuum cleaner must be selected carefully.
You should also know that industrial devices are most often used during repairs and construction. Leave yours workplace needs to be clean.

DIY cyclone, made of transparent plastic video

Construction work is carried out after preparing it and cleaning the surface. As you understand, general cleaning cannot be done with a regular vacuum cleaner. In other words, this is fraught with damage to the device.
Even small debris such as sand, oil, dry mixtures, powdered abrasives and wood shavings are designed only for an industrial vacuum cleaner.
If you suddenly go to choose a vacuum cleaner for construction work, then be sure to specify the types of pollution that it will encounter.
Are you planning to use a vacuum cleaner in a repair environment? Then consider the DIY cyclone vacuum cleaner option. There are many examples of how you can make this kind of vacuum cleaner.

DIY cyclone for vacuum cleaner

1. In order to make such a vacuum cleaner yourself, you will need a Ural PN-600 Vacuum Cleaner, a plastic bucket (even suitable for paint), a pipe 20 cm long and 4 cm in diameter.
2. The nameplate is also unscrewed, and the holes need to be sealed.
3. The pipe is quite thick and will not fit into the hole, so you need to grind off the rivets using a grinder and remove the pipe fastenings. Before doing this, remove the springs with clamps. Wrap electrical tape around the plug and insert it onto the plug.
4. At the bottom, make a hole in the middle with a drill. Then expand it to 43 mm with a special tool.
5. To seal it, cut out gaskets with a diameter of 4 mm.
6. Then you need to put everything together, the bucket lid, gasket, centering pipe.
7. Now we need self-tapping screws 10 mm long and 4.2 mm in diameter. You will need 20 self-tapping screws.
8. Cut a hole from the side of the bucket along the suction pipe. The cutout angle should be 10-15 degrees.
9. We try on and edit the shape of the hole using special scissors that cut for metal.
10. Don’t forget that you need to try on the inside too. Also leave strips on the inside for self-tapping screws.
11. Using a marker, mark the hole in the bucket and trim off the excess material with scissors. Attach the pipe to the outside of the bucket.
12. To seal everything you need to use a 30x bandage. From an ordinary first aid kit and glue like “titanium” for foam. Wrap a bandage around the pipe and soak it with glue. Preferably more than once!
13. While the glue is drying, you can check how this vacuum cleaner will work. Turn on the vacuum cleaner and load it, blocking the nozzle with your palm. When checking the operation of the vacuum cleaner, the process of sealing and connection with the pipe is improved. It is unlikely that he will soon become obsolete.
14. It is best to store the vacuum cleaner in a case.

When working in a workshop or at home with a grinding tool, when processing parts and preparing surfaces, the need arises to remove fine dust. And, of course, it is advisable to reduce its concentration even during work by organizing local constant air purification at the workplace.

At enterprises, this problem is solved by installing filter units with a cyclone, which collects and sediments dust with the required efficiency.

In our case it is enough make a vacuum cleaner with a cyclone, thereby saving on the purchase of a construction vacuum cleaner, where such a function is provided by the manufacturer.

The principle of operation of a homemade construction vacuum cleaner with a cyclone filter

There are several options for making a cyclone for domestic needs. To decide on the most effective scheme operation of the equipment, you should know the operating principle of this filter.

Cyclone in classic version It is a cylinder and a cone, in the upper part of which there is an inlet for polluted air and an outlet for purified air.

The inlet is made so that the air enters the filter tangentially, forming a rotating flow directed towards the equipment cone (down).

Inertial forces act on pollutant particles and carry them out of the flow to the walls of the apparatus, where dust settles.

Under the influence of gravity and secondary flow, the mass deposited on the walls moves towards the cone and is removed into the receiving hopper. The purified air rises up along the central axis and is discharged through a pipe located strictly in the center of the upper platform of the cyclone.

Required condition effective cleaning air is the exact calculation of the apparatus and the tightness of the cyclone, including in relation to the receiving hopper.

Otherwise, the principle of operation is disrupted and chaotic air movement occurs, preventing dust from settling normally.

In addition, it is necessary to select a motor that sucks in contaminated air, which will ensure optimal operating parameters of the equipment.

Homemade filter for a construction vacuum cleaner, the variants of which are offered on the Internet cannot be called a full-fledged cyclone.

The most simple circuit of such equipment is a plastic barrel with an embedded tangential inlet pipe, a built-in filter from the car inside the “cyclone” body, through which purified air is removed and to which it is connected household vacuum cleaner.

The disadvantages of the equipment are the absence of a formed flow swirling along the walls of the barrel and a laminar return flow.

In essence, we get an additional capacity for settling large particles (sawdust, shavings), and fine dust will clog the outlet filter and will require constant cleaning.

To improve the design, we suggest supplementing the plastic barrel with a homemade cyclone made from a traffic cone. It is best if the work is carried out over several hours, install stationary option equipment for removing dust from the workplace.

In this case we need a radial household fan. And with a one-time connection of the cyclone, it is enough to use a regular vacuum cleaner with adjustable suction power.

Sometimes an additional rheostat is installed to reduce the rotation speed of the vacuum cleaner engine, thereby selecting the parameters necessary for the normal functioning of the filter.

In the following sections of the article we will present you with two options for a cyclone for domestic use.

Selection of equipment - what is needed for work

For the first design option for a permanent installation, you will need the following components:

• Plastic barrel;
• Gray plastic sewer pipe with a diameter of 50 mm;
• Traffic cone;
• Corrugated hoses, reinforced with steel wire or metallized hoses;
• Adhesive for plastic;
• Radial household fan with the ability to change the engine speed and performance equal to six times the exchange of air in the room;
• Plywood 10-12 mm thick.

The second version of the product is the most successful, since in this case the product approaches the functionality of a real cyclone.

To make a filter you will need to purchase:

• Ready-made plastic cyclone made in China;
• A barrel, bucket or other container for making a dust bin;
• Corrugated hoses.

A plastic cyclone is inexpensive, approximately 1500-2500 rubles, and is designed to collect medium and heavy dust. Works great with shavings and sawdust.

Step-by-step instructions for the cyclone assembly process

Our first option is stationary design for workshops with large amounts of dust of various origins.

1. First we make the cyclone itself. We make a hole in the plastic cone for passage sewer pipe on a tangent.
2. For better connection The mating surface of the pipe with the cone body is matted with emery cloth. We glue the seams using a mounting gun.
3. In the upper part of the cone we install a vertical pipe, the lower end of which should be below the inlet. In this way we can achieve vortex air movement. The pipe is fixed in a plywood sheet in the shape of a circle with a diameter equal to the size of the base of the cone.
4. The prepared cyclone is secured to the barrel lid using a round plywood sheet.
5. To prevent the plastic barrel from becoming deformed under the influence of vacuum when the inlet pipe becomes clogged with debris, we install a spacer inside the container - a frame made of plywood sheet. The external dimensions of the frame are the same inner diameter barrels. To strengthen the structure, we attach the construction cone to the lid of the container using metal pins.
6. Next, we connect the cyclone to the corrugated hoses at the inlet and outlet. We install a radial household fan outdoors under a canopy.

The second version of the construction vacuum cleaner is based on a Chinese plastic cyclone, which is also attached to any of the selected containers. The result is a reliable and efficient design.
The cyclone is attached to the container using a metal clamping flange.

VIDEO INSTRUCTION

When starting the vacuum cleaner and further operation, do not forget to clean the inlet pipe and stop the internal spacers on the containers to prevent deformation of the receiving hopper.

If finer air purification is required, the design is supplemented with a car filter in the housing at the outlet of the product.

Large debris in the workshop can always be swept away and taken to a landfill in bags. But what to do with dust, metal or wood shavings, as well as numerous other microscopic industrial wastes? The purchase can take a toll on your wallet. But a regular vacuum cleaner will not cope with such a job. But if you make your own cyclone for a vacuum cleaner or even your own construction vacuum cleaner, you can save yourself from a number of problems!

Why do you need a cyclone filter?

Construction, metal or wood dust appears to be completely harmless. But this is only at first glance. Working in a room where a lot of dust has accumulated can harm the respiratory system and cause serious illness. And the instruments will deteriorate from the endless stream of garbage. There may be several reasons:

• Dust gets into the tool and onto the lubricant inside it. As a result, it overheats and fails.
• If the device has moving parts, then dust may well hinder their operation and also lead to breakdowns in the future.
• Dust can clog special ventilation holes, which are designed to cool the instrument. The result is overheating and breakdown again.

The cyclone filter will ensure the collection of any waste in production without harm to the vacuum cleaner.

Principle of operation

Using an aerodynamic air flow, the filter will bind dust particles together. In turn, centrifugal force begins to act, pressing them against the walls of the container. And then gravity causes the debris to settle to the bottom.

There are many diagrams showing the operation of cyclone filters. One of them can be seen below.

Cyclone filter device

You can make this or a similar filter yourself. There are a huge variety of design options, but they all have one thing in common – the principle of operation. Any design will consist of:

• A regular vacuum cleaner (preferably a powerful one);
• Cyclone filter;
• Containers that collect garbage.

Throughout the entire structure. IN in good condition It is designed for cleaning the house, sucking up small debris and dust. In this case, a cyclone filter appears, which means the length of the air duct will be increased almost three times, and accordingly the load on the device will be greater. The design turns out to be quite massive, unlike a conventional vacuum cleaner, so this trick is necessary to ensure that the hose is long enough for comfortable cleaning.

DIY construction vacuum cleaner: what you need

As mentioned above, you can use a regular household vacuum cleaner. But many masters are not attracted to this option, so the best solution becomes a homemade unit.

In order to make such a device, even if it has survived from the distant Soviet past. This is the advantage that homemade vacuum cleaners can be made from unnecessary old units.

So, from the vacuum cleaner we extract the following elements:

• Motor;
• Cord connecting the device to the network;
• Power control device;
• Suction corrugation.

For the body, prepare:

• Plastic pipe with a diameter of 5 cm;
• Container with lid;
• A sheet of plywood about 0.5 cm thick;
• 14 nuts and bolts M6 each;
• Galvanized sheet metal strip;
• Car filter (from a minibus);
• Switch – 220 V;
• Sealant;
• Sandpaper;
• Glue gun sticks;
• Corrugated hose (can be from a washing machine);
• Threaded rod with nuts and washers;
• Electrical corrugation PND32.

It’s worth preparing the tools right away:

• Drill;
• Glue gun;
• Sealant gun;
• Locksmith keys;
• Screwdrivers;
• Jigsaw;
• Wire cutters.

Manufacturing

At a distance of approximately 10 centimeters from the top of the container, we make a hole into which we connect the pipe. The hole should be an oval, even shape. The pipe is placed in it at a slightly downward angle, tightly adjacent to the wall. Glue gun it is necessary to fix the result obtained, as in image 2.

A pipe inserted into a pre-made hole in a barrel

We attach an adapter from the inside to connect the suction hose.

We cut out two circles approximately half the size of the lid, and drill holes for the bolts. The parts are attached on both sides. Afterwards, other circles are drilled, and their surface is cleared of burrs using sandpaper. We cover the perimeter of the product with sealant, after which they are installed and finally secured. The hole for the pin is made in the center. A little to the left there will be a larger hole for air intake.

Location of the stud and air vent hole

We will need an air filter without a mesh (it will become clogged with debris, which is extremely unprofitable) in which it is placed. It must be removed with pliers. One side of the cylinder should be closed with a plywood plug. The filter is secured to the stud with a nut.

By the way, the filter will help not only get rid of dust, but also prevent the inhalation of dangerous small particles, such as toner. If you use a regular vacuum cleaner in this case, the bags easily become clogged with toner dust. In this case, all particles will settle in the collection container.

To make it more convenient to attach, you can cut it together with the plastic parts. To secure it to the lid, you will need a clamp, which can be made from a strip of tin.

The switch and regulator are located nearby. After this, all parts are connected to each other with wires, and the wire and plug are connected.

Make sure that everything is connected correctly and there are no exposed wires, and only then check the operation of the device.

Location of the motor, switch and power regulator

The length of the suction hose is usually not enough, so it is extended using a corrugated pipe.

Standard vacuum cleaner attachments will help bring order to any workshop. They can also be used to connect to equipment for direct waste collection, using simple adapters.

So, your homemade cyclone-type construction vacuum cleaner is ready!

What to do if you can’t make a vacuum cleaner yourself?

Of course, not everyone wants to make a vacuum cleaner from scratch, and the necessary parts may not be available. In this case, a regular household vacuum cleaner, preferably with high power, is perfect. Next, you just need to make a cyclone filter for it, which will not require much expense. Most often it is made from a traffic cone or bucket. Let's consider both options.

A drawing of a homemade cyclone can be seen below.

Cyclone drawing

Traffic cone cyclone

Simple and in a fast way To build a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner directly with your own hands is to make it from a traffic cone.

What is needed for the job?

Once the production of the cyclone will be carried out with my own hands, need to prepare necessary tools And Consumables. So we prepare:

• Traffic cone;
• Plastic pipes (approximately 40 mm)
• Angle 45 degrees;
• Plywood;
• Pieces of laminated chipboard;
• Glue gun and sticks;
• A container with a lid, possibly for paint.

Let's start making

First, we take plywood to make a lid to cover the cone. Cutting out a circle required diameter, and cut two holes in it. One will be in the middle, the second parallel to the edge, as in Figure 6.

Circle made of plywood with holes for air inlet and outlet

A pipe inserted into one of the holes

A pipe must also be inserted into the second hole, but a 45-degree angle is placed on top of it. It is as the air moves through it that it will spin into a vortex. The angle is located inside the cone.

Angle position for proper air circulation in the cyclone

Afterwards the pipe is glued as in the case of the first one. The lid is ready. Next it is glued into the cone.

The tip of the cone must be cut off. Afterwards, it is inserted into the lid of the bucket in the center into a pre-prepared hole. The attachment point is glued. WITH inside the lid must be reinforced with pieces of chipboard. Afterwards they are tightened together with self-tapping screws.

The result is a product like in Figure 9.

Ready product

Cyclone filter from a bucket

One more simple material To make a cyclone filter, you can use an ordinary bucket, you can even use one from under paint. The volume must be calculated based on the power of the vacuum cleaner - this is approximately 1 liter of capacity for every 80-100 W.

The bucket must have a hermetically sealed lid, and the shape of the container itself must be round!

To make it you will need:

• Bucket with a lid (can be from under building mixtures);
• Compass;
• 2 elbows 90 and 45 degrees;
• Plastic pipe;
• Silicone;
• Rubber or O-rings;
• Stationery knife;
• Glue gun.

Manufacturing

We make holes in the lid. You can use a factory compass, or you can use a homemade one. Screw two self-tapping screws into the wooden strip at a distance of exactly 2.7 centimeters from each other.

The center of each hole is marked 4 cm from the edge. Next, circles for the pipes are cut out at the marked locations.

We insert the elbow tightly into the socket, having previously applied silicone to its side. On the inside of the product, a seal is pulled onto the socket. If necessary, crimp with a clamp. It will look like in Figure 10.

Insert the pipes into the bucket lid, turning the angle correctly

WITH outside the inlet pipe is almost flush with the lid. On the reverse side, the knee is directed by the rotating part to the center of the bucket. But for desired effect it is equipped with a 45-degree turn, which is directed obliquely downward as in Figure 11.

View from reverse side

The second pipe, which will draw air, is located in the opposite direction. An elbow is inserted into it so that air is drawn in from the wall of the bucket. It is necessary in each case to use o-rings; they will securely secure the pipes and prevent them from rotating.

We conclude that you can make a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands quickly and easily, using available tools. The output should be something like the one in the figure below.

Cyclone filter connected to a household vacuum cleaner

Difficulties that you may encounter during work

It is not difficult, as we have seen, to create a cyclone filter with your own hands, or even a homemade vacuum cleaner, if you have the necessary materials.

In some cases, it is recommended to take metal containers for collecting garbage, as they are considered more durable. If you have a vacuum cleaner with enormous power, the plastic bucket can “collapse,” so to speak. It is drawn inward due to the strong flow of intake air. This happens extremely rarely, but it is better to immediately provide for this option. It can be leveled, but the damage to the product will be obvious. So you always need to take into account the quality of the plastic and the power of the device. In the case of a traffic cone, this problem does not arise.

A home vacuum cleaner is so commonplace in the household that no one thinks about the principle of its operation. Since the invention of this cleaning assistant, it has been used only possible way separating dust from clean air– filter.

Over the years, the filter element has been improved, from a banal bag made of thick tarpaulin, it has turned into high-tech membranes that retain the smallest particles of debris. However, it was not possible to get rid of the main drawback.

Filter creators are constantly looking for a compromise between cell density and throughput for air. In addition, the dirtier the membrane, the worse the air flow through it.
30 years ago, physicist James Dyson made a breakthrough in dust collection technology.

He invented a compact dust separator that works on the principle of centrifugal force. I must say that this idea was not new. Industrial sawmills have been using centrifugal cyclone-type scorch and chip storage for quite a long time.

But no one thought to use it physical phenomenon at home. In 1986, he registered a patent for the first cyclonic vacuum cleaner, called G-Force.

In general, there are three ways to separate dust from clean air:

1. Filter membrane. The most widespread and cheap way remove dust. Used in most modern vacuum cleaners;
2. Water filter. Air with debris passes through a container of water (like in a hookah), all particles remain in a liquid medium, and a perfectly clean air flow comes out. Such devices have gained popularity, but their use has not become widespread due to their high cost.
3. Centrifugal dry cleaning filter of the “cyclone” type. It is a compromise in cost and quality of cleaning compared to a membrane and water filter. Let's look at this model in more detail.

Operating principle of a cyclone

The illustration shows the processes occurring in the chamber of a cyclone-type filter.

Contaminated air enters the cylindrical filter housing (2) through the pipe (1). The pipe is located tangentially to the walls of the housing, due to which the air flow (3) twists into a spiral along the walls of the cylinder.

Under the influence of centrifugal force, dust particles (4) are pressed against the inner walls of the housing, and under the influence of gravity they settle into the dust collector (5). Air with the smallest particles of debris (which are not affected by centrifugal force) enters the chamber (6) with a conventional membrane filter. After final cleaning they exit into the receiving fan (7).

Today we will tell you about a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner in the workshop, because one of the problems that we have to deal with when working with wood is dust removal. Industrial equipment It’s quite expensive, so we’ll make a cyclone with our own hands - it’s not difficult at all.

What is a cyclone and why is it needed?

In a workshop there is almost always a need to remove fairly large debris. Sawdust, small trimmings, metal shavings - all this, in principle, can be caught by a regular vacuum cleaner filter, but it is highly likely to quickly become unusable. Besides, there won't be extra opportunity remove liquid waste.

The cyclone filter uses aerodynamic vortex to bind debris different sizes. Spinning in a circle, the debris manages to stick together to such a consistency that it can no longer be carried away by the air flow and settles at the bottom. This effect almost always occurs if the air flow passes through a cylindrical container at sufficient speed.

These types of filters are included in many industrial vacuum cleaners, but their cost is by no means affordable for the average person. At the same time, the range of problems solved using homemade devices, not at all anymore. The homemade cyclone can be used both in conjunction with planes, hammer drills or jigsaws, and for removing sawdust or shavings from various kinds machine tools In the end, even simple cleaning With such a device it is much easier, because the bulk of dust and debris settles in a container, from where it can be easily removed.

Difference between wet and dry cyclone

To create a swirling flow, the main requirement is that the air entering the container does not follow the shortest path to the exhaust hole. To do this, the inlet pipe must have a special shape and be directed either to the bottom of the container or tangentially to the walls. Exhaust duct Using a similar principle, it is recommended to make it rotary, optimally if it is directed towards the cover of the device. The increase in aerodynamic drag due to pipe bends can be neglected.

As already mentioned, a cyclone filter has the potential to remove liquid waste as well. With liquid, everything is somewhat more complicated: the air in the pipe and cyclone is partially rarefied, which promotes the evaporation of moisture and its breaking into very small droplets. Therefore, the inlet pipe must be located as close as possible to the surface of the water or even lowered under it.

Most washing vacuum cleaners introduce air into the water through a diffuser, so any moisture contained in it is effectively dissolved. However, for greater versatility with a minimum number of alterations, it is not recommended to use such a scheme.

Made from scrap materials

The simplest and affordable option For the cyclone container there will be a bucket of paint or other building mixtures. The volume should be comparable to the power of the vacuum cleaner used, approximately one liter for every 80-100 W.

The bucket lid must be intact and fit tightly onto the body of the future cyclone. It will have to be modified by making a couple of holes. Regardless of the material of the bucket, the easiest way to make holes of the required diameter is to use a homemade compass. IN wooden slats you need to screw in two self-tapping screws so that their tips are at a distance of 27 mm from each other, no more, no less.

The centers of the holes should be marked 40 mm from the edge of the cover, preferably so that they are as far apart as possible. Both metal and plastic can be scratched perfectly with this homemade instrument, forming smooth edges with virtually no burrs.

The second element of the cyclone will be a set of sewer elbows at 90º and 45º. Let us draw your attention in advance that the position of the corners must correspond to the direction of air flow. Their fastening in the housing cover is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. The elbow is inserted all the way into the side of the socket. Silicone sealant is first applied under the side.
2. On the reverse side, a rubber sealing ring is pulled tightly onto the socket. To be sure, you can additionally compress it with a screw clamp.

The inlet pipe is located with a narrow rotating part inside the bucket, the socket is located on the outside almost flush with the lid. The knee needs to be given another 45º turn and directed obliquely downwards and tangentially to the wall of the bucket. If the cyclone is manufactured with the expectation of wet cleaning, you should increase the outer elbow with a piece of pipe, reducing the distance from the bottom to 10-15 cm.

The exhaust pipe is located in the reverse position and its socket is located under the bucket lid. You also need to insert one elbow into it so that air is taken from the wall, or make two turns for suction from under the center of the lid. The latter is preferable. Don’t forget about the O-rings; for a more reliable fixation and to prevent the knees from turning, you can wrap them with plumber’s tape.

How to adapt the device for machines and tools

To be able to draw in waste when using manual and stationary tools, you will need a system of adapters. Typically, a vacuum cleaner hose ends in a curved tube, the diameter of which is comparable to the fittings for dust bags of power tools. As a last resort, you can seal the connection in several layers double sided tape for mirrors, wrapped with vinyl tape to eliminate stickiness.

With stationary equipment everything is more complicated. Dust extraction systems have very different configurations, especially for homemade machines, so we can only give a few useful recommendations:

1. If the machine's dust extractor is designed for a 110 mm or larger hose, use plumbing adapters with a 50 mm diameter to connect the corrugated hose of the vacuum cleaner.
2. To connect homemade machines to a dust catcher, it is convenient to use press fittings for 50 mm HDPE pipes.
3. When designing the dust collector housing and outlet, take advantage of the convection flow created by the tool's moving parts for greater efficiency. For example: a pipe for removing sawdust from circular saw must be directed tangentially to the saw blade.
4. Sometimes it is necessary to provide dust extraction from different sides workpiece, for example, for band saw or a router. Use 50 mm sewer tees and corrugated drain hoses.

Which vacuum cleaner and connection system to use

Usually, you don’t choose a vacuum cleaner for a homemade cyclone yourself, but use the one that is available. However, there are a number of limitations beyond the power mentioned above. If you want to continue using the vacuum cleaner for domestic purposes, then at a minimum you will need to find an additional hose.

The beauty of the sewer elbows used in the design is that they ideally match the diameter of the most common hoses. Therefore, the spare hose can be safely cut into 2/3 and 1/3, the shorter section should be connected to the vacuum cleaner. The other, longer piece, as is, is tucked into the socket of the cyclone inlet pipe. The maximum that is required in this place is to seal the connection silicone sealant or plumber's tape, but usually the planting density is quite high. Especially if there is an o-ring.

The video shows another example of making a cyclone for dust removal in a workshop

To pull a short piece of hose onto the exhaust pipe, the outermost part of the corrugated pipe will have to be leveled. Depending on the diameter of the hose, it may be more convenient to tuck it inside. If the straightened edge does not fit slightly onto the pipe, it is recommended to warm it a little with a hairdryer or indirect flame gas burner. The latter is considered excellent option, because this way the connection will be positioned optimally in relation to the direction of the moving flow.