Liquid from rotting wood. Methods for treating wood against rotting and moisture

At a young age, I had the opportunity to prepare an essay about an ancient salt factory, in which salt was extracted from liquid salt brine by evaporation. The oldest enterprise in Europe today operates with great disruption, but table salt produced by it can be found on the shelves. It was noteworthy that in the museum of the enterprise there were the remains of pipes through which salted brine moved between the workshops of the plant. They were made of wood. And their condition was satisfactory despite the hundreds of years that they lay in the ground. Salt preserved hollow pipes made from straight trunks. In folk remedies for processing and protection of wood from rotting and bugs today salt is also used. Here are a few recipes that still live not because of their effectiveness, but in spite of them. chemicals protection.

Controversial and proven methods of wood protection

1. Freshly harvested round logs (with bark, but without branches) are placed on a vertical trestle, tops down. A plastic bag with a solution of copper sulfate is tightly tied to the butt of the trunk, or a container is installed from which the solution contacts the end of the log with a soaked damp cloth. After some time, the brine solution, under the influence of gravity and due to the natural movement of juices in the trunk, will fill the space between the fibers of the log and the protrusions at the bottom end. After the solution has penetrated the entire length of the trunk, the workpieces can be laid to dry naturally under a canopy, excluding moisture and sun. This type of seepage is used very rarely. An alternative is a regular soaking bath. (Source - from the experience of Forumhouse.ru forum members)
2. Next folk method upon detailed study it looks fantastic and impossible, but for the sake of principle I will quote him: “One of the effective, environmentally friendly (but unfortunately not recommended) means of treating joists, lower crowns or strapping are compositions based on natural wax with the addition of oil and propolis. Wooden houses It’s already 50-70 years old, and the joists, and the floors in general, are in excellent condition. Now many people advise treating the joists and trim the same way. (Source - from the experience of members of the Forumhouse.ru forum). What can you say about this method? It is more like fantasy and theoretical assumptions, because it is impossible to dissolve paraffin or wax in oil. Most likely, the author meant the separate use of such means as impregnation oil and waxing. I already wrote about this method in an article about
3. A very common way to protect fences in the West - Finnish painting composition is made from the following available ingredients: any flour - rye or wheat - 800 g, inkstone— 1.5 kg, kitchen salt— 400 g, dry slaked lime- 1.6 kg, water - 10 liters.
   This whole mixture available materials prepared as jelly or paste for gluing wallpaper. Cold water is gradually added to the flour, stirring until the mixture reaches the consistency of sour cream. Half of the water (5 liters) is heated and topped up while hot. The finished paste is filtered and heated while stirring. During cooking, salt and vitriol are gradually added. Lastly, stir dry slaked lime or lime pigment. Apply the solution warm in 2 layers after the first treatment has dried. According to the testimony of old masters, such wood processing lasts for up to 15 years.
4. Coniferous species are the most resistant to rotting, and therefore treatment with birch tar or spruce resin is the oldest and most proven method. These resin compositions have a high degree of protection against fungi and bugs, but are very easily soiled, sticky, and have a strong odor. Wood cannot be processed over them - painted, sanded, etc. For an open fire, this treatment is flammable. Therefore, underground parts are treated with tar and resin resin. wooden structures and are not used for interior work.
5. The remedy is used automobile oil (waste oil). Today it is the most common method of protecting wooden structures in rural areas for non-residential structures. Working off has one most important factor benefits - free. It is better to apply it in a warm state several times, allowing it to be absorbed. The ends and cracks are impregnated with special care. For greater reliability, the mining was poured into the bottom of the pits, and after the pillar was dug in, it was also poured around it. 90% of the waste composition is mineral oil - a good water-repellent antiseptic. In addition, there is a lot of soot in the mining - a protective pigment from destructive ultraviolet radiation sun. Some of the acid salts kill any fungus in the wood. Disadvantages: it is very easily soiled and has a mournful color.
   Iron (copper) sulfate releases toxic substances when heated. If it enters the human body, it causes gastrointestinal disorders and irritates the skin and mucous membrane.
6. Today, the hot bitumen or tar treatment method continues to be used. Heated and mixed in diesel fuel, they are considered the best means for treating underground wooden structures. IN wood construction Such coatings are used to protect the first crown or frame of log houses. Today, bitumen impregnations and mastics are produced.
7. Oils and drying oils can hardly be called folk remedies. They form the basis for the production of paints and varnishes. Therefore they have good properties: do not crack or peel. Varnishes last longer long time. It is better to protect wood with hot drying oils or oils to increase the depth of penetration. The turnover of such wood preservatives in a hot state - much greater than in a cold state.
8. In dry wood, water spreads most quickly from the end through the capillaries. Therefore, one of the methods for protecting the ends of parts involves “riveting” the surface of the end with blows of a rubber or wooden hammer. The capillaries in such a place are destroyed and prevent the easy evaporation of moisture. This keeps the ends stronger and prevents them from cracking. Additional protection can be added to the surface of wooden parts by baking with a blowtorch. Thin layer Charred wood has bactericidal properties, in addition, capillaries are additionally destroyed.

Causes of wood destruction

The structure of the wood resembles a bundle of thin tubes - capillaries along the trunk. These capillary fibers consist of the base of wood - fiber (cellulose). Over time, fiber tends to break down into poly- and disaccharides, alcohols, aldehydes and organic acids under the influence of enzymes. Coniferous (and to a lesser extent deciduous) species contain lignin in addition to fiber - organic matter similar to phenol. And phenolic resins are good bactericidal substances. In order for wood to be resistant to harmful bacteria, lignin is needed in its composition! The removal of lignin from wood is the cause of wood rot and destruction.

The enzymes of saprophytic fungi (tinder fungi, honey mushrooms and oyster mushrooms), as well as a small number of putrefactive fungi and bacteria, destroy lignin especially well. Insects such as ants, woodworms and some worms “cohabitate” with harmful fungi and bacteria. They crush wood fibers mechanically and promote active fermentation of cellulose and destruction of lignin. Such processes proceed especially well at high humidity.

You need to know the enemy by sight in order to organize the protection of wood using folk remedies.

The most terrible enemy of a tree is the white house mushroom. Sometimes it resembles ordinary mold, which makes it impossible to correctly determine the cause of wood damage. Under certain conditions, it can “eat up” an oak floor in just one month! Therefore, in the old days, houses affected by this fungus were burned. to protect other wooden buildings.

Antiseptics and impregnations based on modern achievements of biochemists are not popular wood protection and treatment product- but the most effective and affordable building materials on the market.

Humidity and rot are interrelated: fungal formations appear where there is dampness. Impregnation for wood against moisture and rotting in a modern design combines protection against both scourges. But in previous centuries people more attention paid attention to the protection of wood specifically from sputum, considering it precisely the root cause of any appearance of mold.

Logging was carried out, as a rule, in the fall so that it would be possible to remove moisture from the fallen tree before summer. After this, lumber was already made from the log, and the likelihood of rot appearing in it when proper storage negligible. Moreover, the drying will continue further.

The resistance of wood to rotting is higher in resinous species, for which they are valued for securing underground mine workings. In old abandoned developments, larch posts are in excellent condition even after half a century. These days, dealing with water in wooden structures has become easier thanks to new impregnating materials.

Moisture protection

If we talk about protecting wood only from dampness, then there are such methods. But when it comes to preventing rot, this problem is solved comprehensively: the influence of water as a catalyst for the process is limited, and microorganisms that can cause rot are blocked. Ways to protect wood from moisture:

1. Paintwork. The surface is treated different colors special paints or varnishes. The effectiveness of protection by this method leaves much to be desired, and it is impossible to do without constant updating of the layer. But some modern dyes contain antifungal additives. Varnishes must be selected in such a way that they contain elastic polymers that prevent cracking of the outer layer or absorb the varnish without forming a film.
2. More reliable and long-term protection of wood from moisture is achieved by impregnation with special solutions that fill existing cracks. But this requires equipment tailored to the size of the structures: autoclaves or baths. The working compositions also include antiseptics, and the sealed cracks will prevent harmful insects from getting inside.
3. Tar coating is carried out if the elements wooden structures will be installed in the ground where there is constant dampness. The surface painted with a black viscous mass does not look very attractive, but it protects very reliably; for example, railway sleepers properly treated with the substance last for a century.
4. For moisture insulation of the underground part of pillars or logs, used waste machine oil. As with tar coating, the product looks unsightly, but this method is often used for the purpose of lubricant disposal.

Rot protection

It is not used in its pure form; it is usually done in combination with protection from water, since the source of rotting is dampness. It is the result of sharp temperature fluctuations and direct exposure to precipitation, and indoors it is high humidity air and lack of ventilation. Most often, wooden surfaces that are in direct contact with the external environment rot: window frames, ground crowns of log houses and pillars buried in the ground.

Internal elements of housing construction can also be affected by rot if the ventilation regime is not followed. Ways to combat this fungal disease will be discussed below.

Using special types of structures

To avoid moisture wooden devices, measures for this are taken already at the design stage. There are certain rules that can be used to significantly reduce the risk of infection with fungal rot:

1. Protect the building from precipitation.
2. Disconnect contacts with the ground, concrete and stone foundations and metal beams using waterproofing. The top of the bases themselves should be located above the soil level. A blind area is required.
3. Provide ventilation and provide access to elements of the structure for preventive inspections for signs of disease or the appearance of harmful insects.
4. Use for construction only material that has been pre-dried for a year.
5. In places of contrasting temperatures, cover structural elements with thermal insulation.

You can protect wood from rotting much more reliably by impregnating it with antiseptics. Moreover, it is not too late to do this even if the rot disease is revealed during the next preventive inspection of the structures.

Treatment with special solutions

Antiseptics are drugs that prevent decay processes by inhibiting the growth of microbes or completely destroying them. To protect wood, any mixture using these substances must include a component that protects the product from the penetration of water drops into it.

Beneficial features such chemical solutions:

• toxicity to fungal formations;
• indelible durability;
• high degree permeability;
• no unpleasant odor;
• has no harmful effects on people and animals;
• neutral composition does not cause corrosion of fasteners.

Treatment of wood against rotting and moisture is carried out before its installation in the structure. Antiseptics are produced in the form of solutions of various viscosities:

1. Water-soluble based on sodium fluoride and sodium silicofluoride powders (concentration 4%) with auxiliary substances: chalk, cement, lime, soda ash and gypsum. And also ammonium silicofluoride is made on a dry substrate, its content in the liquid is 5-10%. Based on mixtures - preparations BBK-3 (boric acid and borax), CHC (chrompic and zinc chloride), MCHC (the same substances and copper sulfate), the last 2 are toxic. And finally, GR-48 is a liquid with pentachlorophenol (2-5%).
2. If wood that has not been dried in a timely manner is put into work, then it is better to coat the wood from rotting and moisture with an organosoluble antiseptic like PL, which is a dissolved in light petroleum products like diesel fuel or kerosene substance pentachlorophenol. This mixture is highly toxic and has good penetrating ability. Another product in this class is labeled NML - copper naphthenate diluted in fuel oil or solvent naphtha. Has the same properties.
3. Oily ones are considered the most effective, but have a strong odor. These are oily liquids: coal, shale and anthracene. Very stable, not washed out by water and neutral, do not cause corrosion. They are often used to coat pillars (their underground part), sleepers, piles and elements of underwater structures.
4. Antiseptic pastes have a thicker consistency. They are made from the above water-soluble mixtures, filler (peat powder) and binding components - liquid glass, bitumen and clay. The ends of log beams and pillars, which tend to absorb moisture well, are treated with viscous substances, and as an additional measure they are also waterproofed.

There are other means to protect wood from rot and moisture. For example, healthy timber is often coated with a mixture of dilute sulfuric acid (5%) and potassium dichromate (5%).

Availability of protective solutions in the retail chain

Most often, complex-action wood treatment products are sold, combining the properties of antiseptics, fire retardants (fire retardants) and waterproofing materials. Here are some of their varieties:

1. Polymer preparations are aimed at preventing mold, blue stains and rotting, and also contain tin salts, chromium and zinc that prevent the appearance of microorganisms. These are the brands Bitsidol, Vuprotek and Pinotex, which are absolutely harmless to humans.
2. Biopirents - SenezhBio belongs to this class. And biocidal compositions of the DL series (wood healer), all of them provide protection against mold, microorganisms and insects.
3. Antiseptics and fire-retardants work against rot and make products fire-resistant. Popular brands are VIM-1, Aquabor, Biokron, Novotex, VAK-48D, Pirilax, Pinotex.

Basic Russian manufacturers- these are the companies “Yaroslavl Antiseptic” and “Senezh”, LLC “NPO NORT”. When choosing what to treat wood with, you should pay attention to the manufacturer. These companies can be trusted.

Make your own protection

To process wooden structures, it is not necessary to involve a team of specialists. You can do this yourself, but you must follow some rules. Before painting surfaces, you need to clean them from dirt, and it is good if the weather is dry and warm.

Some tips:

• Apply aqueous solutions with a spray gun, thicker solutions with a brush or roller;
• You should not forget about those around you - some drugs emit a pungent odor;
• you need to work in a respirator or mask, special clothing;
• there should be no children or pets near the facility;
• Compliance with the manufacturer's dosage is mandatory.

Surfaces must be treated at the intervals specified in the instructions. The consumption of the antiseptic depends on its viscosity, it can be in the range of 100-400 g per m². The most economical is the spray method.

Harmfulness

Contact of the drug on the skin or its vapors in the lungs can cause negative reactions in the body, which manifest themselves in the form of allergies: rash, redness and itching. Protecting consumer rights, the legislator established a ban on the sale of highly toxic antiseptics for household use.

After application, the solution dries or hardens, the odor disappears, and with it the danger to humans disappears. For environment the mixtures are neutral in the composition of the components: they decompose under the influence sun rays and the most powerful natural oxidizing agent - air oxygen.

Materials for self-use

Most often protected wooden crafts liquids or powders available for purchase or available on the farm, dissolving them in water. It can be:

• silicate glue;
• waste machine or linseed oil;
• bitumen and tar;
• slaked lime and mixture table salt with boric acid.

Since ancient times, the materials used to build a wooden house have been used to this day. These are the folk remedies:

• copper sulfate - dissolve it at the rate of 100 g per bucket;
• soda and vinegar;
• resin.

Thus, protection of wood from rotting has always been carried out, and there are many various means and methods. They are constantly improving, as evidenced by their wide range.

Wood is a valuable material that is actively used in construction. The popularity of this natural foundation is due to its many advantages. Among them are:

Wood is quickly exposed to moisture and begins to rot under its influence, so it is necessary to treat the wood with protective moisture-resistant agents.

• ease of finishing;
• fortress;
• durability;
• absolute harmlessness;
• attractive external indicators;
• ease of installation work.

However, despite a large number of positive characteristics, wood is very capricious and can change under the influence of unfavorable external indicators. To this material long years pleased with its beauty and practicality, a number of measures should be taken to protect it. How to treat wood against moisture? To do this, you should study a number of important nuances, which will prevent the destruction of the rock. They will be discussed below.

It is worth noting that the strongest trees that can actively resist the process of decay are coniferous specimens. There are a number of reasons that affect the ability of trees to withstand the influence of moisture and the development of putrefactive processes on them. This is the degree of moisture of the selected material, its density and the presence of various flaws.

When talking about wood moisture, there is a distinction between free and bound varieties. The first option is characterized by a high rate of water evaporation from the rock surface. The second type is associated with a similar process, the course of which slows down noticeably; it can last for several years. The use of a special drying technique significantly speeds up this process.

Excess bound moisture affects the strength of the tree. When it increases, we can talk about a decrease in the strength of the tree. At the moment of drying the base, moisture first comes out of the surface layer, and a little later - from the middle part of the log. As a result, tension arises with inside. However, rotting and cracked wood is not suitable for construction work.

When talking about wood species, a distinction should be made between their hardness and softness. The following division is accepted:

• species with a soft base (spruce, fir, aspen, linden, alder, cedar);
• hardwoods (elm, birch, maple, larch, elm, apple tree);
• especially hard materials (dogwood, hornbeam, boxwood).

Why does wood rot?

A tree can be exposed to influences such as temperature fluctuations, dampness, hot weather, and intense winds. Under the influence of such adverse influences, any tree species will not be able to withstand their destructive effects. On their surface you can see mold and fungus with subsequent destruction of the rock. Therefore, wood processing is mandatory. Now we should talk about the factors that result in such phenomena occurring.

Do all parts of any building experience these impacts equally? For the most part, these elements will be those that come into most frequent contact with the environment. These are mainly ground floor premises, cellars, and window structures. However, one should not think that other parts of the building from the inside cannot be destroyed. They are also at risk.

The problem of rotting surfaces has always existed. In ancient times, this problem was solved by harvesting wood in the fall and drying it before the onset of a warm period. Modern methods surface drying is based on more diverse exposure methods. What means help a tree overcome negative external influences?

Design features of protecting wood from moisture

Ordinary oil paint protects well from moisture. By the best means There will be various antiseptic compounds and dyes of the porous base. The most common structural design methods include:

• isolation of wood bases from contact with soil, concrete, stone, metal;
• weather protection;
• arrangement of the building ventilation system.

It is good if the supporting plan devices are open, well ventilated and provide open access for inspection. An indispensable requirement will be the arrangement of waterproofing for wood, preventing contact with soil, metal, and stone.

One of the most unfavorable effects on wood is condensation. We must try to avoid such consequences. For this reason, this material is not recommended to be placed in places where periodic changes in temperature are observed. The best environment for it would be a room with active heating or a location with outside. Wooden fences should be equipped with additional ventilation, as well as hinged structures in the form of a cornice or small canopies. They provide protection from precipitation.

However, all of the above measures are not enough. To completely prevent rotting of the base, additional treatment, developed in a complex, is needed. It is very important to use various antiseptic compounds here.

Treatment with antiseptics

Applying antiseptics to the surface of the wood creates a reliable coating that protects against rotting.

Modern industry has a wide variety of solutions available that help create the desired wood coating. As a result, the tree will be reliably protected, it will become a strong and solid foundation, bearing positive fruits over a significant period of time.

How to choose the right antiseptic? To do this, the following aspects must be taken into account:

• level of toxicity regarding interaction with fungi;
• foundation durability;
• ability to go deep into the plane of the tree;
• does it have a smell?
• harmlessness concerning people and animals;
• inability to change the quality indicators of wood;
• the presence of substances that prevent corrosion.

Concerning necessary tools, then for processing they usually use:

• brushes;
• roller;
• empty containers;
• spray;
• ordinary sponges and others (for example, the same broom).

Types of antiseptic solutions

Antiseptics for wood processing come in the following categories:

• oil;
• water soluble;
• organically soluble;
• pasty.

Water-soluble compounds protect the source from dampness and washout by water. This includes:

1. Sodium fluoride. This substance is white, odorless. Its characteristics are associated with excellent performance. It easily enters the cavity of the wood, but is also washed out into a short time. It has no effect on the strength of the base and does not cause it to warp. To carry out a course of treatment of any structure, a mixture of 4% is used.
2. Sodium silicofluoride. It has a similar consistency, but contains minor differences in color, with a grayish tint present. A substance of this purpose gives excellent results when combining it with the previously discussed mixture and soda ash. It has the same characteristics as the previous version. It contains no toxic substances.
3. Ammonium silicofluoride is an odorless substance white. In practice, a solution of 5-10% is used. It can be washed off very easily. This substance does not affect the surface of the wood in any way. They can be used to treat any natural surface. After such actions, the base becomes incredibly resistant to burning, which is very important.
4. Composition BBK-3 is a substance consisting of boric acid and Boers. It dissolves well and has no harmful effects on living organisms.

Additional antiseptics

Organically soluble products are represented by compounds made from petroleum products such as pentachlorophenol. They actively and deeply penetrate the wood. However, such treatment is associated with a sufficient risk of intoxication.

The drug NML is a solvent obtained from oil extracts and copper naphthenate.

It is very toxic. The degree of penetration into the plane of the wood species is quite high. A small drawback is the acquisition of a green tint. This treatment results in the wood not sticking together. Kerosene, fuel oil or another substance is used for dissolution.

The presence of oily antiseptic substances is presented various options: shale, coal, anthracene oil. These solutions perfectly disinfect the surface, but they have a strong and unpleasant smell. The result is a color of dark shades of brown tones, a high degree of resistance to water washout, and the inability to warp. Similar solutions are used to finish sleepers, piles, parts of bridge structures, as well as various devices located underwater.

For a long time, our ancestors used wood as one of the most common building materials. Samples of creativity ancient masters, made of wood, delight the eyes of our contemporaries. But, unfortunately, wood needs protection from rotting; it should be taken in time necessary measures, otherwise the price of carelessness will be too high.

Why does wood rot?

The cause of wood rotting is fungi, the activity and development of which destroys its fiber. Wood becomes infected when spores of a harmful fungus come into contact with it. The most harmful is the house fungus, which attacks wood regardless of whether it is protected from the weather or not.

There are such signs of fungal infection of wood:

1. The natural color of the wood changes.
2. Cracks appear - transverse and longitudinal.
3. Strength decreases.
4. The structure is destroyed.

The fungus destroys wood cells, worsening its physical and mechanical properties.

The process of destruction of a tree's structure is called rotting. Wood that is exposed to high humidity, freezing and thawing, sunlight and wind deteriorates first.

The rotting process occurs faster on external surfaces and in places touching the soil (window frames, cellar, lower crown huts, etc.).

Folk remedies for protection against rotting

Wood processing, folk remedies for protection against rotting.

Smiling

Treatment of wood against rotting - impregnation of dry wood with hot resin - is most often used in the yard (pickets and logs for fencing, round timber for covering paths on summer cottages and so on.). This method is also used inside the building - tarring ceiling beams, floorboards, rafters, etc.

Burning

Firing also protects the wood from rotting. The surface of the product, slightly moistened, using blowtorch with their own hands they burn it until brown or even dark brown, then wire brush you need to clean off the carbon so that the growth rings become visible.

Video review: Firing wood

Wood burning

Nowadays, the cleaned product is also coated with a transparent water-repellent varnish. This coating will protect the wood from destruction under the influence of water, winds and various precipitation. By using paints and varnishes, you will not only protect wood from the destructive effects of its environment, but also decorative finishing surfaces. paints and varnishes with protective and decorative functions for wood, they are produced not only in the form of varnishes. These include primers with antiseptics, paints, impregnations, enamels.

Antiseptic

TO chemical methods Protecting wood from destruction includes canning and antiseptic treatment. That's two different ways processing of wooden structures and elements with special protective compounds.

To protect wood from rotting in the ground, and therefore from difficult operating conditions, not all antiseptics or impregnating compounds are suitable. Good feedback in the fight against rotting, it receives an antiseptic with non-leaching properties, which is specifically intended for treating wood that is subject to constant direct contact with the ground, sediment and soil salts (see Which antiseptic is best for wood).

Video review: Professional wood processing

In this video, experts will talk about correct use wood protectants.

External walls made of wood need to be coated with this composition, bearing structures – wooden beams, beams, floors, logs. Treat rafters, windows and door blocks, fencing, fences and wooden elements structures that are exposed to the harmful effects of the atmosphere and vagaries of weather.

Heat treatment

This classic method, this is what dry steam treatment is called. The fungus can be completely destroyed only after complete sterilization of the material, which is possible when it is heated throughout its entire thickness to a temperature critical for the fungus, above 70 degrees C. It is enough to warm it up to 71 degrees C for 2-4 hours. This method of protecting wood can be carried out in special drying chambers.

Using modern means of protecting wood from rotting, you can save not only ordinary houses, but also beautiful ancient churches, huts built without a single nail, and even wooden furniture decorated with carved patterns.

Only proper treatment of wood from rotting and moisture, as well as from the effects of insects and fire, allows the most effective use of this material in construction.

Nowadays, various wooden buildings are in quite high demand, since they have not only aesthetic appearance, but are also considered environmentally friendly.

Besides, various varieties wood is also used for external decoration of the building, as well as in the bathhouse, when finishing it.

The structure of a tree is soft material, which during operation is exposed to moisture, mold, and insects.

In order to maximize the life of the tree and protect against negative external influences, it is necessary to work on its development.

This can be done using a special composition against moisture, as well as a remedy against insects, rot and, of course, fire.

Protection of wood from rotting and other negative processes (including in a bathhouse, cellar, on the ground, etc.) is important stage during construction work.

Protecting wood from rotting

Almost any type of wood is an excellent breeding ground for moisture lovers such as mold and mildew.

They often attack wood, which results in serious negative consequences, up to the complete destruction of the structure.

In order to ensure effective protection tree from such damage to for a long time, a whole range of protective measures should be carried out.

First of all, you need to start processing using a special antiseptic composition. Such an effective product can be found in almost every hardware store.

Experts recommend using this composition both for processing the wood itself and on the ground where the structure itself is being erected. For these purposes, you can use potassium dichromate or sulfuric acid.

Among modern means The most effective are Novotex, Biokron, and Biosept.

Both natural and artificial drying of wood used in construction also helps fight rotting.

For drying wood in a natural way the material can be placed under a canopy for several months. Main advantage this method is the complete absence of financial expenses.

If it is necessary to speed up the drying process, the wood should be artificially dried. To do this, it can be placed in a container with petrolatum.

In addition, wood can be dried in special chambers in which the temperature is set high.

In addition to speed, this method allows you to completely rid the material of possible fungal infection.

In addition, in order to provide the wooden material with maximum protection from the effects of bacteria that cause mold and mildew, it is necessary to correctly position the wooden structure itself.

This method involves using some structural materials. First of all, only waterproof roofing should be used.

When arranging the foundation of a building, care should be taken to ensure that the wooden material is not on the ground and is at the maximum possible height from it.

It is also necessary to arrange effective ventilation of the walls and ensure that effective waterproofing. All this should definitely be applied in a bathhouse built from wood. This can be done in the cellar if the inside is made of wood).

Protecting wood from insects

Engaged in wood processing various types insects are necessary in any case. First of all, this is done against pests such as the weevil, longhorned beetle or borer.

It is these insects that live in our latitudes and are capable of doing maximum damage to a wooden structure built on the ground, and even completely destroying it.

You can identify these insects very simply; to do this, just look at a wooden surface (for example, in a bathhouse and in buildings located on the ground); if small grooves and holes are observed on it, then most likely the beetle is already actively conducting its life activities.

Today, a wide variety of products, antiseptics and insecticides are offered against the effects of insects, which can be bought in any store.

In addition, to protect wood from insects, you can prepare an effective composition yourself.

The simplest option is to use ordinary table salt.

As is known, the composition of salt is absolutely harmless to humans, however, the disadvantage of this product when used to protect wood from insects is that the salt is washed off by rain.

Also provide protection wooden structure you can get rid of harmful beetles using tar and turpentine, carbolic acid solution, dichlorvos.

Many are engaged in working off wooden material(in a bathhouse or in buildings on the ground) with molten wax or paraffin.

A solution of sodium silicofluoride, which should be applied to the material either with a brush or with an automatic sprayer, helps protect the tree from insects.

Effective protection against moisture

An important point when building a wooden house on the ground is the treatment of the material used from moisture, which also contributes to the formation of all kinds of fungal infections and the appearance of insects.

To do this, you should definitely treat the wooden material (including those located on the ground) with various water-repellent impregnations. It is especially important to subject the walls in the bathhouse to this treatment.

The simplest and accessible remedy, which can be used as a water-repellent impregnation is oil.

The oil should be applied with special care, making sure that it gets into all the cracks and cracks that may be on the wooden material.

When using oil as an impregnation, you should be aware that this product can change the color of a wooden house, making it darker.

Toning and varnishing also help protect a wooden structure from moisture.

Both methods are equally suitable for processing wooden material in a bathhouse, where there is always high humidity.

When using the tinting method to protect wood from moisture, the material is slightly colored oil paint, alcohol stain, as well as some types of tinted varnish.

It should be noted that in order to ensure effective protection of the wooden material from moisture, it should be tinted every two years.

In turn, the varnishing method is used mainly for those buildings that are located in areas with high humidity.

The surface of the wooden material should be re-treated using this method every five years.

Protecting wood from fire

In most cases, wooden materials located in crowded and crowded areas are subject to special protection against accidental fire. in public places, however in Lately The refractory composition is also used in private construction.

To date, many have been developed effective means fireproof protection.

Methods for fireproof protection of wooden materials are usually divided into simple processing, in which the surface is coated with special salt-based solutions, and processing using modern means.

Such means of fire-resistant wood protection create a certain protective film, which can temporarily delay the spread of fire.

When processing wood salt solutions it is necessary to ensure that the salts penetrate as deeply as possible into the material.

In the event of an unauthorized fire in wood treated in this way, the salt substances begin to melt, resulting in the formation of a special film that can stop the spread of fire.

Even if the fire stops completely, all charred wood will need to be replaced. In turn, modern fire-resistant compounds more effectively prevent the spread of fire.

As a rule, such products include fire retardants consisting of sulfuric acid, borax, and ammonium phosphate.

Special coatings and plasters, as well as paints, also help fight fire, but only on a silicate basis.

To extend the service life of a wooden structure and maintain its original attractive appearance for many years, experts recommend regularly carrying out various preventive measures aimed at protecting the wooden material.

It is best to subject the wood to primary treatment with protective agents even before the start of construction work. Thus, the tree will be much better processed on all sides.

It is best to use complex protection methods, which consist of several stages of processing and involve the simultaneous use of compounds against moisture, insects, as well as mold and mildew.

Before the start protective treatment wood, it is recommended to fulfill a number of important requirements.

First of all, you should check the condition of the wood, since it is strictly forbidden to subject frozen material to any processing.

In the case where the surface of the wooden material was previously painted with varnish or any paint, it must be carefully and carefully removed.

This can be done by sanding or sanding the surface so that it absorbs various compounds more evenly.

In any case, treatment with special protective equipment only on a clean and dry wooden surface.

In addition, it should be noted that any processing of wooden material should be carried out at a certain temperature.

The most optimal temperature is between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius above zero.

At the same time, the temperature limits at which wood processing is still allowed range from +10 to +40 degrees Celsius.