Velvet cherry variety. Cherry – Favorite - gardenFavourite – garden: Seedlings: fruit and berry crops

Many summer residents grow felt cherries in their country plots. Accordingly, selection work with this crop is being carried out quite actively. Experts have bred many varieties of felt cherries. Many of them are popular with gardeners. And one of the most productive is the felt cherry "Natalie". She has earned simply excellent reviews from the owners of suburban areas.

Benefits of growing

Before we start talking about the Natalie variety, let's figure out what advantages the felt cherry itself has in comparison with the usual one. Summer residents include primarily the following advantages of this variety:

High decorative qualities. Such cherries can be grown not only to obtain good harvests, but also to decorate the site. Very often, felt varieties are used, for example, to create borders and hedges.
High degree of frost resistance. Almost all felt varieties of cherries are excellent for growing not only in Central regions Russia, but also in the Urals or Siberia.
Early ripeness. The fruits of felt cherries ripen about 1.5 weeks earlier than ordinary ones.
Convenient harvesting. Unlike ordinary cherries, the fruits of felt varieties practically do not crumble when overripe. In addition, this variety never grows too tall. In this case, it is not necessary to stretch or use a stepladder to get fruits from the upper branches.

Of course, the felt cherry variety “Natalie” also has all these advantages.

Benefits of fruits

Actually, the felt cherry berries themselves are not only characterized by excellent taste. The fruits of this crop are also very beneficial for human health. Besides various kinds organic acids, their composition includes substances such as carbohydrates and vitamins. In terms of the percentage of iron, felt cherry berries are superior even to apples.

Who developed the variety "Natalie"

Russian summer residents have been growing this variety of felt cherry for a very long time. This variety was bred by domestic specialists in 1979. Work on it was carried out at the Far Eastern Experimental Station VNIIR. The fairly productive Leto variety was also used as a parent variety. Several varieties of cherries were used to pollinate its flowers. These were “Ogonyok”, “Red Sweet” and “Damanka”. Breeders N.A. and V.P. Tsarenko were engaged in breeding the felt cherry variety “Natalie”. It was included in the state register in 1997. Since then, this variety has enjoyed constant popularity among summer residents.

Felt cherry "Natalie": general description

Unlike many other varieties of felt cherries, "Natalie" bushes grow quite tall - up to 1.8 m. A characteristic feature of this variety is also a wide spreading crown of an ovoid or slightly flattened shape. The bushes of the Natalie variety do not look too dense. Their crown is very well ventilated.

Annual shoots of "Natalie" are pubescent and light brown in color. The gray bark on perennial branches is slightly peeling. The buds on the shoots of the Natalie variety are formed in threes at a time and have a pointed shape. The leaf blades that grow from them are dark green, elongated, and corrugated. On the upper side they, like the shoots, are pubescent. Their petioles are not too long and have stipules.

The flowers of the "Natalie" variety are not particularly large - they reach only about 2.5 cm in diameter. They are saucer-shaped. Each flower has five snow-white petals, one pistil and 27 stamens. The calyx of each flower is cylindrical in shape and pubescent on the outside.

The flowering and fruiting of the felt cherry "Natalie" is continuous along the branch.

Features of the variety

Cherry "Natalie" belongs to the early ripening self-sterile varieties. It blooms around May 10-18. You can harvest from the bushes of this variety as early as July 13-18. In addition to early ripening, summer residents also include the favorable ripening of fruits as an advantage of this variety. Own-rooted seedlings "Natalie" begin to produce crops in 3-4 years. Once grafted, it will be possible to pick berries in the second year. It usually grows in the Natalie garden until it is 18 years old.

The yield indicators of this variety are very high - up to 9 kg per bush. Another advantage of this cherry is its frost resistance. In winter, the branches practically do not freeze. Do not have any effect on the flowers of this plant and spring frosts. This variety is also drought resistant. However, it is highly not recommended to over-water the Natalie cherry. Otherwise she may dry out.

With regard to the resistance of this variety to various diseases, summer residents have mostly only positive reviews. For example, the “Natalie” cherry almost never becomes infected with coccomycosis or clasterosporiosis. Over-watering this variety, among other things, is not recommended because in this case the plant may develop moniliosis.

Felt cherry "Natalie" has another important advantage. Judging by the reviews of summer residents and the manufacturer’s statement, it is very easily propagated by green cuttings. It is believed that this one is best high-yielding variety Suitable for growing in intensive gardens, nurseries and hobbyist plots.

Fruit

The description of felt cherry "Natalie" given above allows us to judge it as quite unpretentious. Among other things, the bushes of this crop, in comparison with other varieties, grow very large berries. Their average weight is 4 grams. The fruits of the felt cherry "Natalie" are dark red in color. The skin of ripe berries is covered with short hairs. The pulp of the fruits of this variety is cartilaginous, dense, and juicy. According to many farmers, its taste is simply excellent. The juice of the fruit is red, sweet and sour.

Judging by the description of the felt cherry variety "Natalie" (the photo on the page also confirms this), its berries are really large in size. It is believed that the fruits of this crop are excellent for both processing and consumption. fresh. If desired, you can make not only jam, preserves, compote or marshmallow from the berries of this cherry. Many owners of summer cottages make very tasty wine from them.

How to choose the right landing site

In the garden, it is advisable to place the felt cherry "Natalie" in the sunniest area. This will allow you to obtain maximum yields in the future. The advantages of this variety, among other things, include its undemanding nature regarding soil composition. Cherry "Natalie" will grow well on almost any soil. But it is best to choose for it an area with fertile and light-textured soil. A prerequisite for this is the absence of nearby groundwater.

"Natalie" is a self-sterile variety. This means that growing only one seedling in the garden is pointless. In this case, it will be impossible to obtain a harvest. Next to “Natalie”, for example, other felt cherries must grow. In this case, its flowers will produce many ovaries. Among other things, this variety has one very interesting feature. Its flowers can also be pollinated by related fruit crops. For example, cherry plum and plum are good pollinators of the Natalie felt cherry.

Where to get planting material

You can grow "Natalie" on a plot either from a seedling or from a seed. But the first option is still preferable. The fact is that the seeds of the Natalie cherry need to be stratified before planting. Otherwise they simply won’t sprout. Stratification is a rather troublesome procedure. But if you wish, of course, you can try this planting option. In any case, “Natalie”, like almost any other felt cherry, does not lose varietal qualities when grown from seed.

Seedlings of the Natalie variety can be purchased at almost any nursery. Cherry is really quite old and popular among summer residents.

How to plant

The hole for the Natalie felt cherry should be dug quite large. The optimal indicators for its depth and diameter will be approximately 50 cm. The soil mixture for the seedling is prepared by mixing fertile garden soil with rotted manure. To feed the plant at first, a little slaked lime and some kind of complex fertilizer are also added.

The roots of the seedling itself are cut to about 20 cm. This ensures they better development further. The seedling prepared in this way is lowered into a clay mash. The soil mixture is poured into the hole in a not too thick layer. Next, install the seedling and cover it with prepared soil.

In order for the felt cherry "Natalie" to take root well, it needs to be planted at the same depth as in the nursery. At the final stage, make a roll of soil around the plant and water it thoroughly.

Felt cherry "Natalie": features of growing in the garden

In order for the plant to consistently produce good yields in the future, it, of course, needs to be watered and fertilized on time. Also, cherry "Natalie" requires periodic pruning. It is necessary to loosen the soil under the plants. But this procedure should be performed as carefully as possible. The fact is that the “Natalie” cherry has a root system located quite close to the surface. And therefore, it is easy to damage it during the loosening process.

How to fertilize correctly

In spring, felt cherry "Natalie" is usually fed with mineral products. In this case, a complex composition intended for berry crops is used. For good development, cherries require both potassium (about 20-30 grams per plant), phosphorus (70-80 g), and nitrogen (30-50 g). In the fall, it is advisable to feed this variety with organic matter. Well-rotted horse or cow manure is best suited for Natalie cherries. You can also use compost. In any case, you need to pour about four buckets under each plant. organic fertilizer. This variety is usually fed in the fall immediately after pruning.

Felt cherry "Natalie" produces the best yields on neutral soils. Therefore, the soil underneath should be limed from time to time. This procedure is carried out approximately once every 5 years. In this case, about 200-300 grams of lime per 1 m 2 are used.

How to water

Excess moisture is, as already mentioned, something that felt cherry “Natalie” really doesn’t like. Photos of healthy bushes of this crop are presented on the page. Poured cherry "Natalie" looks completely different. The beginning of the damping off of this culture early stages can be determined, for example, by rotting of the root collar. In any case, Natalie should be watered moderately. It is necessary to moisten the soil under this plant mainly only during drought. Typically, bushes are watered no more than three to four times per season (about once every 1-1.5 months).

It is believed that it is best to moisten the soil under "Natalie" by sprinkling. This is explained primarily by the superficial occurrence of the root system. Using a hose, it can be easily washed. Actually, sprinkling itself should be carried out exclusively in the evening or morning. Otherwise, it will be possible to “burn” the leaves of the plant.

Crown formation

The description of the felt cherry variety "Natalie" given above allows us to judge it as a fairly tall plant. This culture is actually developing very quickly. The same goes for her aging. Therefore, "Natalie", like almost any other felt cherry, needs regular pruning. The technology of this procedure depends primarily on the age of the plant. The branches of two and one-year-old seedlings are cut off in the spring by about 1/3-1/4 if their length exceeds 60 cm. At the same time, all excess shoots are removed from the bush. Ultimately, the plant should have about 10-12 of the strongest branches left.

In subsequent years, in the spring, they mainly do only the sanitary "Natalie". That is, all frozen, dried and improperly growing branches are removed from the bushes.

At the age of 6-7 years, the felt cherry "Natalie", like many other varieties, may begin to experience a decline in yield. To prevent this from happening, you should do anti-aging pruning of the bushes. In this case, in the center of the crown of each plant, all old branches of the first and second orders are removed “in a ring”. Subsequently, new young shoots will begin to grow on the cherry next to the cuts. In the future they will produce good yields.

In one place, the Natalie cherry can germinate for up to 18 years. However, experienced gardeners advise changing plants as early as fifteen years of age. Older cherries, unfortunately, do not produce particularly good harvests.

When pruning "Natalie", it is advisable, among other things, to use garden varnish. They cover the “stumps” with it immediately after removing the branches.

Diseases and their treatment

The most dangerous diseases of felt cherries are, according to many experienced gardeners, cleasterosporiasis and monilial burn. The felt cherry "Natalie", as already mentioned, is quite resistant to the first type of infection. The risk of her getting sick is quite high. This infection in Natalie cherries can be determined primarily by the presence of dried brown shoots in the crown. Moniliosis is dangerous primarily because its manifestations are very easy to mistake for freezing during spring frosts or burns when using insecticides.

Cure felt cherry moniliosis "Natalie" traditional methods will not work. The gardener will have to use a complex technique using chemicals. Treatment of this disease includes several mandatory measures:

pruning infected branches;
autumn cleaning of fallen leaves from under bushes;
regular treatment with copper-containing preparations.

Treeaverage size, fast growing, medium density, pyramidal crown, branches extending at a large angle.

Fruit: the average value is 4.7 g, the maximum is 7.7 g, the fruits are dark red, almost black, the pulp and juice are dark red, the pulp is dense, the stalk is of medium length and thickness.

The best pollinators are Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Compact, Venyaminova. The winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is high, the trunk and bases of skeletal branches are resistant to sunburn and frost damage. Highly resistant to fungal diseases.

Advantages of the variety: High winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases, high quality fruits.

Tree medium size with a spherical crown of medium density and foliage.

Fruit large, weighing 5.0 g, one-dimensional, round in shape. The main color of the fruit is dark red, the number of subcutaneous dots is average and hardly noticeable. The skin is medium, without pubescence. The flesh is orange and tender. The juice is light red. The taste of the fruit is 4.75 points, sweet and sour. The content of dry matter in fruits is 15.0%, sugars – 6.8%, acids – 1.48%, ascorbic acid – 11.0 mg/100g. Variety universal purpose.

The variety is partially self-fertile; the best pollinators are Zhukovskaya and Vladimirskaya.

Advantages of the variety: High-quality fruits for universal use, moderate growth, stable yield, increased resistance to coccomycosis.

Tree medium-sized, fast-growing, spherical, slightly spreading crown. The predominant placement of fruit formations is bouquet branches. The bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth and brownish. The shoots are thick, arched, brown, glabrous. There are many lentils, large, yellow with a white border. the leaves are large, obovate, short-pointed, dark green. The leaf blade is concave, the edges are pointed upward and inward; the base is sharply pointed, pubescence is absent. The edge of the leaf is double-serrate. Stipules are medium-sized, slightly dissected, early falling. The petiole is medium-sized, red pigmented at the base. The glands are small – 1-2, yellow, oval. Inflorescence umbel, flowers solitary, pink, large, white.

Fruit one-dimensional, average weight, rounded-flattened from the side of the stalk, the apex of the fruit is flat-rounded, the funnel is of medium depth, saucer-shaped. The base of the fruit has a depression. The ventral suture is of medium depth, the stalk is medium, green, well attached to the branch, weakly attached to the stone. The color of the fruit is dark red, there are no subcutaneous points. The skin is medium, bare.

Advantages of the variety: High winter hardiness of wood, trunk and flower buds.

Tree medium-sized with a wide-round raised crown of medium density. Fruiting mainly occurs on bouquet branches. The bark on the trunk and skeletal branches is light brown. The shoots are large, gray-green, with an average number of lentils. The buds are ovoid, moderately deviated relative to the shoot. The leaf is medium in size, narrowly oval in shape, with doubly serrated serrations, smooth in texture, green in color with a shine, without pubescence. The leaf petiole is long, of medium thickness, anthocyanin coloring along the entire length of the petiole. There are 1-2 small dark red glands at the base of the leaf blade. The flowers are large, white, horn-shaped. The petal shape is round. Flowering period is average. The stigma of the pistil is higher in relation to the stamens.

Fruit large, round, with a rounded tip, with a depression at the base of the fruit, with a small, inconspicuous ventral suture. The peduncle is long, with a weak attachment to the stone. The fruits are dark red, there are no integumentary spots. The stone is medium, matted, and separates well from the pulp. The fruit pulp is dark red, with dark red juice, dense, juicy. The character of the taste is dessert with high sweetness and below average acidity.

Advantagesvarieties: High winter hardiness of wood, high resistance to coccomycosis, medium height, high taste of fruits.

Tree medium-sized, wide-rounded, spreading crown shape, with medium foliage. Fruiting occurs mainly on annual growths – fruit twigs. The bark on the trunk and main branches is light brown. The shoots are large, gray-green, with an average number of lentils. The buds are ovoid, strongly deviated from the shoot, above average in size, obovate in shape, with doubly crenate serration, smooth relief, matte surface, light green color, without pubescence. The leaf petiole is of medium length and thickness, with anthocyanin coloring along the entire length of the petiole. There are 1-2 small red glands at the base of the leaf and on the petiole. Stipules are short, early falling. The flowers are large, white, pink. The petal shape is round. Flowering period is early. The stigma of the pistil is higher in relation to the stamens.

Fruit large, round, with a concave apex, a medium depression at the base of the fruit and a small, inconspicuous ventral suture. The peduncle is long, of medium thickness. A separating layer is formed between the fruit and the stalk. The fruits are red, with a small number of small subcutaneous points. The bone is medium, round. The fruit pulp is red, soft density, delicate consistency, juicy. The character of the taste is dessert with high sweetness and very low acidity.

Advantagesvarieties: Early fruiting, very early ripening, winter hardiness, regular fruiting, disease resistance, dessert taste.

Tree tree type, with a reverse pyramidal raised crown of medium density. The shoots are medium-sized, straight, brownish-brown. The bark on the trunk and main branches is grayish-brown. The bud is cone-shaped, strongly deviated from the shoot. The leaf is narrow oval, dark green. The apex is strongly pointed, the base is sharp, the jagged edge is doubly serrated. The surface of the leaf blade is shiny, folded into a boat. The glands are located at the base of the leaf and on the petiole. Petiole with anthocyanin color along its entire length. The number of flowers in the inflorescence is 4. The corolla is open. The petals are white and touch each other. The stigma of the pistil is located at the same level relative to the anthers. The shape of the calyx is goblet-shaped, the serration of the sepals is strong. Fruits on bouquet branches.

Fruit broad-hearted. The fruit funnel is medium, the apex is rounded. The fruits are dark red. The pulp is dark red, juicy, dense, the juice is dark red. The bone is oval. The apex is pointed, the base is rounded. The bone separates from the pulp well. The taste is sweet and sour.

Advantages of the variety: Winter hardiness, productivity, good quality of fruits.

Tree medium vigor with a rounded, slightly spreading crown of medium density and foliage. The shoot is reddish-brown, medium thick, curved, covered with a few medium-sized lentils, silvery-yellow in color. The buds are medium-sized, pointed, brownish-gray, not pubescent, lagging behind the shoot. The leaf is dark green in color, above medium in size, oblong-oval in shape with a slight sheen. The base of the leaf blade is rounded, the apex gradually turns into a tip. The leaf blade is slightly concave and curved downward, located on the shoot at an acute angle. The serration of the leaf edge is double- or triple-caterate. The petiole is long, of medium thickness, without pubescence, and violet-red on the illuminated side. Medium-sized glands up to four at the base of the leaf blade. The stipules are long, large, and do not fall off for a long time. The flowers are white. Petals are round, above average size. The length of the pistil and stamens is the same. The shape of the cup is conical, green with tan, without pubescence.

Fruit They are painted dark red and have an attractive appearance. The shape of the fruit is oval-heart-shaped with a round base and an oval apex. The pulp is dark red, quite dense, juicy, sweet and sour. The juice is dark-colored. The stone is easily separated from the pulp, medium-sized, oval-ovoid in shape.

Advantages of the variety: High quality fruits for universal use, greater resistance to coccomycosis, resistance to ringspot pathogens.

Trees or bushes of average or below average height, the crown is rounded, slightly drooping. The leaves are medium-sized, bright green, the edges of the leaf blade are crenate. Fruits on last year's growth and bouquet branches.

Fruit large, oval, dark burgundy, suitable for fresh consumption and all types of processing (jams, preserves, marshmallows, compotes). The taste is sweet and sour, dessert, the fruit pulp is dense and juicy. The juice is dark red, the stone is medium-sized, easily separated from the pulp.

Advantagesvarieties: High yield of good quality fruits. Resistance to the most dangerous fungal diseases (moniliosis and coccomycosis).

Tree average, average growing. The crown is pyramidal-spreading, raised, of medium density. The bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth and brown. The shoots are medium-sized, straight, brown, glabrous. Lentils are few, medium, yellow. The leaves are medium-sized, wide, obovate, short-pointed, dark green, wrinkled, matte. The leaf blade is concave (boat-shaped), curved upward. The apex of the leaf is sharply pointed, the base is pointed, pubescence is absent. The leaf margin is biannual. Stipules are short, slightly dissected, early falling. The petiole is medium, thin, green. The glands are small, yellow, oval. The inflorescence is an umbrella, the flowers are triple, pink, medium, white.

Fruit large, medium one-dimensional, medium weight. The shape of the fruit is round, the apex is round, the base is without a depression, the pit is shallow and wide. There is no ventral suture. The peduncle is medium, the ease of separation from the branch is poor, the attachment to the stone is strong. The color of the fruit is dark red. There are no subcutaneous points. The skin is medium, bare, and difficult to remove from the fruit. The pulp is dark red, tender, juicy, the color of the cavity is the same color as the pulp. The juice is dark red. The transportability of the fruit is good. A variety for universal use. The variety is self-fertile. Fruiting is annual. The variety is highly drought-resistant.

Advantagesvarieties: High winter hardiness of wood and flower buds. Good quality fruits with high yields.

High bush spreading form with pink and white flowers. Light yellow and carmine, they are very decorative in autumn. The fruits are also beautiful - spherical, shiny, bright red-orange in color, edible. The shrub is winter-hardy and drought-resistant. Propagated by seeds, green cuttings, grafting. The fruits densely adhere to the branches, their color ranges from light pink to dark red, juicy, tender, pleasant to the taste, almost without acid.

Leaves dark green, oval, pubescent below, strongly corrugated, with a pointed end.

Flowers white, white with pink (less often pink).

Advantages of the variety: High winter hardiness, high yield and early fruiting.

Tree medium size, with a wide-pyramidal, well-leafed crown. The bud is large, vegetative cone-shaped, moderately deviated, generative ovoid. The leaf is elongated-ovate, large, dark green, the apex is strongly pointed, the base is rounded, the serration is double-crested, the blade is slightly concave, wavy, there is no pubescence. The petiole is short or medium, thick, pigmented, and has 2-3 large colored glands. In the inflorescence there are 3-4 flowers, large, the corolla is saucer-shaped, the petals are touching, white, the stigma of the pistil is located at the same level with the stamens, the calyx is narrowly goblet-shaped, the sepals are not serrated, the stamens and pistil are long. Fruits on bouquet branches.

Fruit medium weight, blunt heart-shaped, narrow funnel, rounded apex, with a white dot, dark red color, almost black when fully ripe, dark red pulp and juice, medium density pulp. The peduncle is short and thick. The stone is ovoid, the apex is pointed, the base is rounded, separated from the pulp medium. The fruits are beautiful, juicy, sweet, come off the stem well, and partially crack in wet years.

Advantagesvarieties: Regular yield, high winter hardiness of flower buds, resistance to fungal diseases, early ripening, dense fruit pulp.

Trees medium-sized, spherical crown, spreading, drooping, medium density, skeletal branches extending at right or obtuse angles. The leaves are large, wide, lanceolate, long-pointed, dark green, smooth, shiny, with a finely serrated edge.

Fruit medium weight, one-dimensional, round, red-yellow. The taste is sweet and sour, dessert, the flesh is dense, gristly, juicy, light pink, the stone is medium-sized, oval, easily separated from the pulp.

Advantagesvarieties: Mid-early winter-hardy variety with fruits of good taste and marketability. Resistant to the most dangerous fungal diseases - moniliosis and coccomycosis.

Tree small. Fruit large, bright or dark red. The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour, the fruits are not so tart. The fruits contain sugar, malic and citric acids. It blooms very profusely, the entire bush or tree from top to ground is covered with white lacy foam and looks very impressive due to the long, flowering racemes. This plant is elegant even in summer with its dark decorative leaves It is also beautiful in the fall, when large orange-red fruits ripen.

Advantages of the variety: Red bird cherry is unpretentious and can withstand light shade.

The homeland of the felt cherry is Southeast Asia, where it grows naturally. In Russian Far East To this day, it is the felt cherry that is considered a cherry, and its ungrafted seedlings can be found in every garden. However, how fruit crop Felt cherry is more recognized in the gardens of Europe and North America, although it only got there in the middle of the 20th century.

It appeared in the European part of Russia thanks to Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, who acclimatized the seedlings and bred the first large-fruited form of Ando.

Felt cherry in the garden is:
early fruiting and ripening 1-1.5 weeks earlier than ordinary cherries
increased winter hardiness and frost resistance
decorativeness and stable annual harvest
resistance to coccomycosis
absence of root suckers.

Children especially love the sweet, juicy fruits; they ripen early - in early July and are easily accessible on low bushes.
Felt cherry is very early in fruiting. Grafted annuals begin to bear fruit in the 2nd year after planting, and seedlings grown from seeds - in the 3rd-4th year of life.

The average yield of an adult bush is about 8 kg, but with good care you can get much more. Fruiting is annual, on annual shoots. Gives good harvests for 10 years.

Felt cherry fruits are good fresh and for processing into jam, syrups, juices, and compotes.
They are useful for anemia and cardiovascular diseases. Calms the nervous system. In folk medicine they are used as a diaphoretic, antipyretic, anti-cold and laxative; in addition, they increase appetite and have antiseptic properties.

According to the flowering period, felt cherry varieties are divided into early, mid and late flowering. In places where return frosts are possible, early-flowering varieties should not be planted. For example, for the Moscow region, where flowering begins in the first ten days of May, late varieties are preferred.

In years with long warm autumns, the growth of annual shoots of felt cherries is delayed and they do not have time to fully ripen. The unripe parts freeze or die from winter drying, but this does not have much effect on the growing season and productivity of the entire bush.

Felt cherry is very weakly affected by clusterosporia and is resistant to coccomycosis. And this disease is simply the scourge of common cherries; because of it, up to 80% of the crop often dies.

The best varieties of felt cherries

TRIANA. Winter-hardy, mid-season, self-sterile variety. Medium sized bush. The fruits are wide-oval, dark pink, weighing up to 4 g. Average yield is about 10 kg per bush > Resistant to fungal diseases.

TSAREVNA. Mid-season, winter-hardy variety. Bush about 1 m high, with a wide oval crown. During the fruiting period, it is strewn with bright pink shiny large cherries weighing up to 4 g. Productivity is up to 10 kg per bush. The fruits are juicy, tasty, and rich in vitamins.

CHILDREN'S. Winter-hardy variety of early ripening. Medium sized bush. The fruits are round, bright red, weighing 3-4 g, sweet. Resistant to fungal diseases.
AUTUMN VIROVSKAYA. Medium ripening variety, drought and winter hardy. Bushes up to 1.8 m high with a spreading, wide-oval crown. Fruiting is abundant. The fruits are bright, shiny, dark red, almost burgundy, weighing about 3 g. The taste is sweet and sour, the flesh is juicy. Resistant to diseases.

NATALIE. A beautiful cherry with a wide oval crown about 1.8 m high. During the fruiting period, the branches are strewn with ruby fruits, effectively contrasting with the dark green, wrinkled, heavily pubescent leaves. The fruits weigh about 4 g, are tasty, and high in vitamins. The variety is early ripening, drought-resistant, winter-hardy, and is weakly affected by diseases.
OCEANSKAYA VIROVSKAYA. Late ripening variety. The bush is large, medium branching. The fruits are medium-sized, with dense pulp, sweet and sour, burgundy in color. You can collect up to 10 kg from a bush.
DAMANKA. A new late variety of felt cherry with large, tasty, sweet and sour fruits of burgundy color. Productivity up to 10 kg per bush.

WHITE. True to its name, this is a one-of-a-kind albino hybrid. The fruits have white skin, white flesh and even a white seed. They are small (about 2.5 g), sweet and sour. The variety is mid-season, without any special merits, but decorative, grows well in the Moscow region and is interesting as an exotic.

Having selected early, middle and late date ripening, you can collect fresh fruits for a whole month or even longer.
Large selection in the online store of seeds and seedlings:

Growing felt cherries

Felt cherry is light-loving; an open sunny place with fertile, light, well-drained soil of neutral reaction is chosen for it. It does not tolerate acidic soils. If necessary, 1-2 years before planting, lime the soil to bring the pH to 5.5-6.0.

On clay soils and in low places, the root collar of the felt cherry can become supported in winter, and then the above-ground part dies. However, it is possible for new shoots to grow from the root.

Plants are drought-resistant; excess moisture has a bad effect on their growth and impairs overwintering. All varieties of felt cherries are winter-hardy and can withstand frosts down to -30 °C. However, for flower buds in winter period Temperature changes are dangerous when, after prolonged thaws, cold weather sets in again. Frosts during the flowering period can destroy the flowers.

For high-quality cross-pollination, at least three varieties of felt cherries must be planted on the site. Despite its external similarity, it does not cross-pollinate with the common cherry, as some gardeners mistakenly believe.

Plant better in spring at the most early dates- before the buds swell, but it can also be done in the fall - at the end of September. The root collar of seedlings should be at the level of the soil surface. The distance between plants is about 2 m.

When caring for felt cherries, the tree trunk circles are loosened to a shallow depth and then mulched. Its root system is superficial and is located in the soil at a depth of about 40 cm.

Feeding. Plants need annual feeding. After flowering, fertilizers are applied along the edge of the tree trunk circles; each bush requires 5-7 kg of organic matter, 70 g of phosphorus, 30 g of nitrogen and 40 g of potassium. The effectiveness of fertilizers is higher if you lime the soil once every five years: 200-300 g/m2 dolomite flour under the autumn digging.

Trimming. Crown formation begins immediately after planting. Annual seedlings are shortened to 40 cm above the soil surface. After planting, two-year-olds leave 5-6 main side branches; shortening them by a quarter, cutting out the rest. In the future, the bushes are regularly thinned out, and from the 7-8th year of life, anti-aging pruning is carried out.

Felt cherry is sometimes planted as a border along paths, trimming the bushes at a height of 60-80 cm above the ground.

The main pests are aphids (cherry and plum) and scale insects. You can cope with them with the help of fufanon and actellik.

Felt cherry is loved by birds, and it often has to be protected with a net or lutrasil

The most common diseases: leaf spot, moniliosis, gray fruit rot. For
Prevention and treatment include early spring spraying with 3% Bordeaux mixture and repeated spraying before flowering with 1% or copper oxychloride.

Reproduction

Felt cherry is propagated by seeds, layering, green and lignified cuttings, as well as grafting.
At seed propagation it retains all the main characteristics of the mother plant and produces the most resilient offspring. Seeds are harvested from productive and large-fruited specimens.
Before sowing in the fall, the seeds are stored in damp sand or sawdust to prevent them from drying out. In the second half of October, they are sown in a school bed to a depth of about 3 cm and the surface is mulched with peat.

Throughout the next season, the seedlings are well looked after - watered, fed, weeded. If by autumn they grow to 60-80 cm, they can be used for planting. Weak seedlings will have to be grown for another year. In the greenhouse you are guaranteed to get planting material felt cherry in one season.

More seedlings are planted in the garden than necessary, so that after the first fruiting the best ones in terms of yield and size of fruits are selected.

Green cuttings of felt cherry take root well in a greenhouse with constant moisture. Best term for cuttings - the third decade of July, when the shoots are already half mature. Cuttings are cut with three internodes and 3-4 leaves; the lower leaf is removed when planting.
A mixture is used as a substrate river sand with peat in a 1:1 ratio.

When breeding lignified cuttings they are harvested in the second half of September from annual shoots at least 0.5 cm thick. The cutting length is 20-22 cm.
The cuttings are tied into bunches and stored until spring in the basement, half buried in damp sawdust or sand. In the spring, before planting, they are soaked in solutions of growth regulators that promote rooting (heteroauxin 150 mg/l or indolylbutyric acid 30 mg/l). The cuttings are grown in a greenhouse with regular moisture and ventilation.

Reproduction by horizontal layering carried out in the same way as currants and gooseberries.
Valuable varieties are propagated by grafting, mainly by budding. Felt cherry can be grafted onto its own seedlings, as well as onto Ussuri plum, sloe, and cherry plum. Grafting on common cherries, steppe cherries and sweet cherries fails. Optimal time budding - late July - early August. The cuttings are grafted onto the bug rootstock VVA-1, plum and apricot seedlings.

The long-awaited harvest

Cherries are collected as they ripen without stems. Already ripe, they may not fall off the branches for a month and not lose their consumer qualities, but when picked they spoil very quickly even in the refrigerator.

This is why felt cherries are not sold in markets and stores. It has to be recycled immediately.
The stone is small and difficult to separate from the pulp. Jam from this berry uses less sugar than from ordinary cherries.

Based on materials from the newspaper Priusadny Vestnik

When it comes to growing cherries, we most often mean common variety, widespread in Russian gardens.

How to plant felt cherries, and what must be taken into account?

Felt cherry

However, some gardeners like felt cherries much more, and there are reasons for this:

felt cherry fruits are fragrant, very juicy, tender, sweet with or without slight sourness;
The pulp contains polysaccharides, vitamin C and substances that have a beneficial effect on blood pressure, blood composition, heart muscle function and the digestive system. Fresh felt cherries are especially valued - their beneficial properties are best manifested in this form;
The blooming felt cherry is incredibly beautiful (photo attached to the article), so it is also used for decorative purposes;
fruiting begins in the second year;
cherries begin to ripen from the end of June and do not fall for a long time;
cherry productivity is high - with good care and suitable climatic conditions, the bush is densely strewn with berries, like sea buckthorn;
the tree is unpretentious, resistant to frost and drought;
there is no need, since it is not formed in the felt cherry;
To coccomycosis the tree is completely immune.

It would seem that felt cherries are good for everyone - caring for them is quite simple, the fruits are tasty, and the harvest is plentiful. But this variety of cherry also has a lot of disadvantages: you won’t find felt cherry fruits on sale because they are poorly stored and transported; the tree ages after 10 years; without pruning the bush becomes very thick; felt cherry is often affected by moniliosis. In addition, felt cherries are self-sterile - other varieties must grow nearby (even ordinary or steppe cherries), otherwise there will be no harvest.

Knowing how to properly grow and care for felt cherries, you can easily cope with the disadvantages of this species while enjoying the benefits listed above.

Video about felt cherry

Taking into account the self-sterility of the felt cherry, for better pollination it is necessary to plant at least two varieties blooming at the same time. So, cherries are popular felt Natalie medium ripening period with large tasty fruits and a yield of up to 7 kg per bush. Among the mid-season varieties, the following are also common: felt cherry Tsarevna, Vostochnaya, Skazka. Early varieties: Children's, Alice, Delight. Among the late varieties, the following are popular: Leto, Krasavitsa, Okeanskaya Virovskaya, Altana.

Cherry looks very unusual felt grade White, strewn with fruits of a matte white color during fruiting. The variety is distinguished by high yield and decent taste.

Cherry planting

Important rules for planting felt cherries:

Choose a sunny place for cherries, where water does not stagnate;
the soil is preferably light loamy or sandy loam, peat bogs and waterlogged heavy soils are not suitable;
for the seedling, dig a hole with a depth and diameter of up to half a meter;
fill the planting hole with well mixed soil mixture with the addition of rotted manure, lime, potassium and phosphorus;
trim root system for a cherry seedling, 20 centimeters, so that the lateral roots develop better;
dip the roots into a clay mash;
In order for the felt cherry to take root well in a new place, the seedling should be planted at the same depth as in the nursery;
Fill the cherry seedling installed in the hole with soil mixture and compact the soil a little, and then water it abundantly;
Mulch the ground around the cherry seedling with peat to regulate soil moisture and reduce the need for watering.

Felt cherry

Felt cherries can be planted not only with ready-made seedlings - they can also be propagated by green cuttings (in greenhouses), layering, and even by simply sowing seeds before winter.

Felt cherry care basics

In the spring, after the end of cherry blossoms, it is fed with complex mineral fertilizers with nitrogen content, applying fertilizing along the edge of the tree trunk circle. In this case, the soil is loosened no more than 4 cm in depth, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the roots of the seedling. In the fall, when feeding cherries, nitrogen is excluded so as not to cause active growth of shoots that will freeze during the first frost.

Shrubs should be watered moderately, as excess moisture has a bad effect on the growth of felt cherries, their fruiting and preparation for winter.

Video about growing felt cherries

To form a neat bush, annual felt cherry seedlings are pruned at a height of 40 cm, and from the second year all lateral branches are shortened by a third of the length. In addition, the crown of the cherry tree will need to be constantly monitored, preventing thickening in the center of the tree. In order for the felt cherry tree to grow and bear fruit better, pruning the branches should be done annually and should be done in early spring. It is enough to leave 8-10 strong shoots and cut out the rest, Special attention paying attention to poorly located, diseased, old, fruit-bearing branches.

If you want high-yielding felt cherries to grow in your garden, planting, caring for and pruning them must be carried out according to all the rules. The main thing is not to leave the tree unattended and not to allow moniliosis to develop, otherwise the disease will spread to other stone fruit plants in your area.

21.03.2016 15 704

Felt cherry, planting and care, varieties

Felt cherry (Chinese) has many advantages; planting and caring for it does not require special skills. Stable good yield, the possibility of bearing fruit in the second year after planting, resistance to frost, and decorative properties allow the crop to be grown in many climatic zones. Photos, reviews and descriptions of the variety can be found below.

Rules for planting crops

Felt cherry can be planted in spring and autumn. Preferably spring planting, the plants have time to take root well and get stronger before the onset of frost. In spring, cherries are planted before the buds open. In autumn, planting is carried out no later than the end of September. There are several basic principles, using which, good development will be guaranteed and a tasty harvest will not keep you waiting:

The place for planting should be sunny, without stagnant water. Close proximity to groundwater;
Cherry grows well on loamy, sandy loam soils and peat bogs. Heavy lands with stagnant water, lowlands are not suitable for cultivation;
In a designated area, a hole is dug 0.5 meters deep and 80 centimeters wide;
A mixture of fertile soil, three buckets of humus (), a tablespoon of superphosphate, 300-400 grams of dolomite flour (can be replaced with lime) is poured into the bottom of the pit;
The seedling is installed vertically, covered with earth, without deepening the root collar;
Planted cherry trees are watered abundantly with water (20-40 liters).

in the photo - planting a felt cherry tree

Experienced gardeners It is recommended to plant the crop on ridges (mounds) so that water does not stagnate at the root collar during warm winters and spring floods. This can lead to the death of the plant. It is recommended to fill the root zone around the neck with coarse sand, protecting the microcherry from damping out.

Attention! A prerequisite is to plant two felt trees side by side, maintaining a distance of one meter. The peculiarity of bush cherries is that they are self-sterile (self-pollination is impossible). A cross variety is definitely needed; mid-season varieties, Natalie and Skazka, are best suited.

How to care for plantings

Basic care is proper feeding, timely pruning, pest and disease control. Felt cherry trees begin to be fertilized in the second year of planting. The need for these actions improves fruiting and quality of berries. With the onset of early spring, nitrogen fertilizers (20 g of urea or ammonium nitrate) and phosphorus (15-20 grams of superphosphate) are applied. Potassium fertilizers (20 grams of potassium sulfate) should also be applied in the fall.

In the spring, sanitary and regulatory pruning of felt (Chinese) cherry trees is carried out annually, and rejuvenation is carried out from the fifth year. The cherry begins to bear fruit quite quickly, by this time the tree must be formed. Remove old, diseased, damaged, dried and inward branches. In the first year, young annual seedlings are pruned at a height of 0.4-0.5 meters. Annual shoots are left, they are the ones that bear fruit and give a good harvest. From the second year of growth, all side branches are cut to a third of their length, the center of the crown is thinned out, and 10-12 strong shoots are left.

in the photo - felt cherry after autumn pruning in the photo - the harvest of felt cherries, after the formation of the bush

Microcherries are often affected by diseases; the most dangerous is considered to be moniliosis (monilial burn), in which the tips of the shoots, flowers, and ovaries of felt cherries dry out. It is necessary to remove the affected shoots 10-15 centimeters more and burn them. For the treatment of the disease, the biological drug Alirin-B is recommended; it can be used throughout the entire growing season.

A common pest is the pocket mite, which produces warts on the leaves. Effective way Scalding cherries with boiling water in the spring until the buds are swollen is considered a method of combating. The procedure can be repeated in the fall after leaf fall. The mite lays eggs in early July and leaves the plants at the end. This month it is necessary to spray with drugs (Karbofos, Aktara, Karate).

The best and most popular varieties

Consistent high yield is an advantage and distinctive feature of felt cherries. Average The yield is 4-10 kg per tree, the maximum can reach 20 kilograms. Microcherries are self-sterile; it is recommended to grow several different varieties for good pollination:

Variety Damanka It is a late-ripening variety, ripening in late July and early August. New variety with large fruits, excellent taste characteristics, recognized as the best of the variety of felt varieties. The maximum yield is 10 kilograms;

in the photo - felt (Chinese) cherry variety Damanka

Variety Alice grows as a low bush up to one and a half meters. Cherry is winter-hardy, drought-resistant, and has good disease resistance. The fruits are a rich dark burgundy color, sweet and sour, ripen in mid-July;

in the photo - felt cherry variety Alice

Variety Natalie vigorous, trees reach a height of 1.8-2 meters. Large fruits dark red in color begin to ripen on July 17-20. The yield of one plant is 5-7 kilograms. Frost-resistant variety, flowers tolerate light spring frosts;

in the photo - felt cherry variety Natalie

Variety Tsarevna short (up to 1.5 meters). Delicious sweet and sour berries ripen in the twenties of July. Felt trees begin to bear fruit two years after the seedlings are planted. With proper care, the yield reaches nine kilograms.

in the photo - wild cherry variety Tsarevna

When buying felt cherry seedlings, pay attention to the varieties Ogonyok, Children's, Delight, Vostochnaya, Krasavitsa, Skazka, Okeanskaya Virovskaya, Zhelannaya, Urozhaynaya, Belaya. A beautiful fruitful felt cherry can grow in your garden, correct landing and care will give a generous harvest.