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A “dry drain” is a siphon for drains in shower rooms and other rooms where water is used. Serves to prevent entry sewer gases into the room.

Unlike a conventional siphon with a water lock, a dry drain can perform its functions during long breaks in the use of water.

That is, even in the toilet, after a couple of months of non-use, the water evaporates and air from the sewer begins to flow into the apartment. Which of course is bad. We have the same thing with other siphons with a water seal.

What can be done with the toilet and siphons during a long absence - read here.

The dry drain is designed in such a way that sewer gases are cut off not by a water lock, but by plastic or metal curtains.

There are also dry ladders with a float. In the absence of water, the float sits on the seat and blocks the air supply. But this option is not very good -

if there is excess pressure in the sewer (and this sometimes happens), the gas will be able to lift the float and penetrate into the room.

Water discharge from ladders can be vertical or horizontal. Horizontal ones are more often used. In this case, it is necessary to ensure sufficient deflection sewer pipe, starting from the ladder itself.

Let me remind you of the SNiP requirements for pipes diameter 50 mm - pipe slope 3cm/1m. When laying pipes, we try to avoid straight, and even more so sharp, corners.

If the drain is installed in the floor, then it is very important Right make a slope of the floor towards the ladder. How to do this is described here.

Stanislav Plitochkin was with you. Let me help you save SVDN©!

2 comments

    Good afternoon, Stanislav! Help me please! I have a steel drain installed in my shower. But the grate and something that should block gases from the sewer are missing. I can’t decide which component I should buy, what is the name of this component? Or do I need to change the whole thing and buy it assembled? Could you advise me via WhatsApp? My number is 89256260038. Sincerely, Lyutsia Mikhailovna, pensioner.

    • Good day, Lucia Mikhailovna! The best thing I can advise you is to take a photo of the ladder on your phone and show it to the seller at the construction market. Most likely you will be offered to buy the entire ladder, because I have never heard of them being sold in parts.
      If three or four sellers tell you so, then you have no other choice - you’ll have to buy. But there is a chance for a positive outcome, so try it!

To prevent unpleasant odors from the sewer from entering the premises, special structural elements. The simplest of them is a hydraulic or water seal. However, as practice shows, such a system does not always and not work effectively everywhere. Because in Lately Increasingly common drains are equipped with a dry siphon. It has the same properties as a water seal, but does not have its disadvantages. Design features dry drain allows it to filter sewage, separate large elements, thereby preventing blockages and accidents. Nevertheless, main function is to prevent foul odors from entering living spaces from sewer system.

  • 1 Types
  • 2 How to choose
  • 3 Installation

Kinds

If you analyze the plumbing equipment market, you can find several types of dry drains:

  1. Membrane valves. Experts consider them to be the simplest in terms of design, but no less reliable. The main element is a spring-loaded membrane, which opens slightly due to the influence of water flow and removes wastewater. As soon as the water flow stops, the membrane closes and guarantees a tight seal.
  2. Pendulum gates. A similar drain, equipped with a dry siphon, has a valve with one fixation point. When the drain passes by it, the valve deviates from its axis, after which it returns to its original position due to the influence of gravity.
  3. Float valves. Some even manage to make them with my own hands. Essentially, a float ladder is a combination of a dry gate and a hydraulic gate design. It is a drain with a vertical outlet and with a built-in plastic valve. If we are talking about making our own, then use balls of the required size.

Float valves work according to the following principle. If the water seal has sufficient quantity water, the ball floats and does not delay the drainage. If there are long breaks in use, the water partially evaporates and the ball drops into a special slot. Due to this, the shutter is sealed. After draining, water re-enters the system, and the structure begins to work again as a water seal.

Dry drains have not yet gained the popularity they deserve due to their higher cost compared to standard solutions. Their work is based on the working elements used, which, due to their design, always tend to return to their original position after being displaced under the influence of waste flow.

How to choose

If you decide to purchase a drain equipped with a dry siphon, it is important to pay attention to the conditions under which it will be installed.

  1. First, determine how much sewer will flow through. Ordinary apartment it is enough that the nominal passage of the drain is 50 millimeters, and if it is a public bath or shower, then 100 millimeters.
  2. Height of the device structure. A ladder with a horizontal outlet can be installed in fairly cramped conditions, since its height is about 7-10 centimeters. The vertical type of shutter is more demanding in this regard, since it requires at least 15 centimeters of free space for installation.
  3. Before purchasing a device, make sure that all its elements are in good working order. Ideally, you can test the functionality of the product.
  4. Only having provided for all the technical nuances can you pay attention to external aspects. The ladder grating is made of plastic, metal, with various shapes, and so on. The choice depends directly on your wishes and requirements.

Installation

If you have already encountered the installation of a hydraulic valve, then a drain equipped with a dry siphon will not cause problems during installation. This is because there are no fundamental differences.

Important condition proper installation is to provide high-quality waterproofing for the system. To achieve this, use modern materials isolation. Under certain conditions and needs, sound insulation is also carried out, and the issue of insulation is not ignored.

The device should be installed in such a way that the drain grate is flush with the floor finish. Due to this, you will not encounter discomfort during operation, and you will not hit it while walking around the room.

As practice shows, a dry principle ladder guarantees trouble-free and reliable operation sewerage systems. It becomes especially relevant when evaporation from the water seal occurs due to infrequent use or other factors causing water drainage.

Of course, it is not recommended to do the installation yourself without the appropriate experience and knowledge. To save energy and your own nerves, it is better to turn to specialists with the necessary qualifications. They will quickly carry out installation, provide truly reliable and effective work systems. You will be able to fully appreciate the advantages of this type of ladder.

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  • Kinds
  • Choice
  • Installation
  • Finishing
  • Repair
  • Installation
  • Device
  • Cleaning

How to choose and install a sewer drain?

Today, many people prefer to implement their ideas for organizing a bathroom instead of installing standard shower cabins. In accessories and finishing materials there is no shortage. If you do without a pallet, you can significantly increase usable area and create your own shower stall design. In order for all these advantages to “earn”, you need to know how to install a floor drain. Without the right one, there is nothing to think about the comfortable use of the bathroom.

Correct installation drain ladder will help avoid flooding your neighbors and damaging your bathroom renovation.

What types of ladders are there?

The material used can vary, and these products can be metal, aluminum, plastic, cast iron, or a combination of metal and plastic. The shape of the ladders also varies, but the most common are round, square and rectangular. The height of the products varies from 75 to 180 mm depending on the model. They are all similar in design and consist of the following elements:

  1. Front panel (grill). May have different sizes and the shape of the drain holes.
  2. Siphon. Designed to prevent the penetration of odors from the sewer system. It can be made in several versions: water seal, dry seal, mechanical seal. The latter is installed on outdoors or in non-residential premises.
  3. Seal.
  4. Elements for sealing (clamping).
  5. Frame.

Structural features of ladders

  1. Horizontal. The most commonly used type, since its installation is possible on any floor, regardless of the number of floors.
  2. Vertical. They have significantly higher throughput, but require special conditions installation

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What to consider when choosing a ladder?

It is important to choose the right drain, since after installation it will be difficult to dismantle it: you will need to remove flooring and a screed.

Floor drain structure with combined system shutter

The material used is not that important; everyone chooses what they like best. Nowadays, plastic drains are the most popular, since they have the most interesting design, there are different color combinations. You can buy without fear hardware, they are durable and not subject to corrosion.

You need to decide on the size of the ladder. For showers, they are suitable for medium-sized showers with good flow capacity. If the drain is needed in a drainage or other system, then the size is determined based on the expected volume of drainage. An important point is the configuration of the drainage system in the place where the drain will be installed. For example, the design of household sewer systems allows you to connect up to 3 outlets (pipes from a sink, sink, etc.). The direction and diameter of the outlet is very important, this point must be taken into account.

Optimal characteristics

Corner drains have a PURUS Nood mechanical water seal.

  • throughput not less than 1.2 l/sec;
  • built-in siphon;
  • if the house has a plastic sewer pipeline with a cross-section of 110 mm, then the drain must have bushings of the same diameter for vertical drainage or 50 mm for horizontal drainage;
  • the grid must be designed for load class A;
  • the design of the ladder must ensure adjustment of its installation depth in accordance with the level of the floor covering;
  • equipped with seals;
  • It is advisable to have installation instructions.

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Which drain is better: with a dry or hydraulic seal?

Until recently, manufacturers produced products only with hydraulic valve. What is he? This is a tube bent at a certain angle that contains liquid. This is precisely the obstacle that odors coming from the sewer system cannot overcome. Caring for such a shutter is simple: just periodically spill it with water.

What is the disadvantage of this design? The problem is that the shower valve dries out when used infrequently: unpleasant odors begin to cause inconvenience. is also possible for other reasons: design errors, increased room temperature, use of a “warm floor” system.

With the advent of drains equipped with a dry seal on the market, many problems resolved themselves, and these designs became very popular. Such products are also convenient in that they can work either independently or in combination with a water seal.

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How is the shutter at the ladder arranged?

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Membrane

The valve is equipped with a membrane to which a spring is attached. When water is drained, the membrane opens and lets it through, and when the flow ends, it closes the inlet into the waste pipe under the action of a spring.

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Float

On the surface of the water in the water seal tube there is a kind of float, which, as the water flow decreases, falls and blocks the passage hole.

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Pendulum

Its work is based on the principle of gravitational force. Under her influence mechanical device the valve always tends to take a position in which it blocks the pipe.

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Installation of a sewer drain

Installation of products with dry and water seals is practically no different. The basic rule: the floor should be made in such a way as to ensure proper level slope to the ladder for unhindered drainage of water into the riser. Therefore, installing a drain funnel often involves raising the floor level or dismantling the existing floor covering.

Basic installation rules:

The material of manufacture is not important, the main thing is that it is moisture resistant.

  • the facing grid of the ladder must be flush with the surface of the floor covering;
  • finishing begins with laying tiles from the ladder;
  • seams between tiles should not exceed 2 mm;
  • the grout used is moisture resistant;
  • The floor surface must provide a slope for water drainage.

Materials you will need:

Floor drainage systems are very popular because they allow you to use shower cabins without purchasing trays. The water flows directly onto the floor, from there it goes into the sewer. The drainage of water into the sewer pipes is provided by drains for showers, mounted directly in the floor.

The principle of operation of the drain ladder

Plumbing fixtures such as sinks, bathtubs or showers are connected to the sewer; no other way to remove used water in apartments has yet been invented. The pipe through which the draining water is supplied to the socket of the sewer system, willy-nilly, turns out to be a conductor of unpleasant odors from the bowels of the city sewer into the apartment atmosphere.

To prevent stench from entering the room, various seals are used. Classic option The solution to this problem is a siphon, the design of which allows you to create a water plug, called a water seal, which restrains the passage of gases from the sewer. But if, when draining water from a kitchen sink, a siphon of any size offered is suitable, then for a shower stall it is not so simple, since the height of the siphon requires a certain amount of free space to accommodate it.

The functions of the ladder are simple and few:

  • Collection of drained water;
  • Delivery of collected waste liquid through a discharge (drain) pipe to the sewer;
  • Filtration of wastewater from polluting components in order to prevent emergency blockages;
  • Creating a barrier to the passage of foul-smelling gases from the sewer through the outlet (drain) pipe into the room.

The dimensions of the drains most often range from 70 to 120 cm. Since the outlet pipe must have a slight slope of about 3 degrees relative to horizontal floor(see picture), then to place drain system a headroom of free space is required between the drainage area (that is, the floor of the shower room) and concrete base under the floor about 8 - 20 cm.

For concrete floors of high-rise buildings, the option of recessing in the floor is categorically unacceptable, since installing a drain in the shower floor in this way means emergency weakening concrete floor over the head of the neighbor below. In this case, you have to build a small podium or raise the level of the bathroom floor. To raise the floor level it is enough concrete screed 4 cm thick.

If free space is limited, which requires the installation of a siphon, drain ladders are installed to ensure the removal of used water directly from the horizontal surface of the room. Depending on the degree of localization of the drain, the shower drain is located:

  • On a small floor area in the form of a drainage channel or gutter;
  • Exactly anywhere in the room.

Types of shower drains

Drainage gutters or channels

They have rectangular section, consist of a protective grille and a housing. The most preferred place to place them is at the entrance to the cabin or near the wall. The plumbing market offers:

  • straight,
  • curvilinear,
  • angular shaped channels.

Grille designs incorporate numerous design concepts, such as illuminated shower gutters! Consumers clearly do not want simple rectangular channels to resemble street storm drains.

They work similarly to the channel drainage method, that is, sending wastewater through pipes into the sewer system. And the shapes of point drains are also diverse, that is:

  • Square,
  • Round,
  • Triangular.

But if square and round drains are installed at any point on the floor, then corner options designed to mask the drainage area.

In the corner of the bathroom they are almost invisible, while due to the specific placement of square and round drains, it has become fashionable to install decorative grilles of the most expensive options. For example, the brass grille shown here, made to look like gold, will cost the customer 10 thousand rubles.

Design of drain for shower cabins

In accordance with its functional purpose, the ladder includes:

  • Flush body made of of stainless steel or plastic;
  • A seal that serves as a barrier to stench from the sewer;
  • A protective grille that allows you to decoratively adapt the shower drain to tiles and other flooring options in the bathroom;
  • Pipeline.

It is important! It is necessary to be able to correctly determine the required wastewater flow. If a bathhouse requires a device with a passage of DN 100 mm, then for apartment conditions it is sufficient to install a drain of DN 50 mm.

Which shutter should you choose?

The type of seal used, or more precisely, the method of preventing the passage of odors towards the living space, is fundamental to the development of the design of drainage drain models. As already mentioned, just a small amount of water is enough, which plays the role of a water plug, and the task assigned to the water seal will be solved.

With constant use of the shower (meaning use at least once every one and a half to two weeks), its level remains unchanged, since it is replenished with each passage of the next batch of drains.

Immediately about the disadvantages of the “wet water seal”

With occasional, irregular use of the shower stall, and, accordingly, the drainage system, sooner or later complete evaporation of the liquid from the valve will occur. A “gas attack” of the aggressive gas environment from the sewer will begin, resulting in the appearance of unpleasant specific odors. A shower drain with a water seal is not able to withstand such periodic use, so it is not used in bathhouses or utility rooms that may not be visited for months.

Since the operation of a “wet water seal” is in some cases ineffective due to the drying out of the water plug, logic dictated the need to use, figuratively speaking, a dry water seal that does not depend on the presence of water in the siphon.

What does "dry shutter" mean?

The operation of shower drains with a dry seal is based on the return of the actuating elements to their original working (locking) state after the end of exposure to the flow of drainage. Here are some popular dry seal options:

  1. Membrane type, the actuator of which is an elastic membrane that opens when exposed to flow to allow liquid to pass into the sewer. When the flow dries up, the membrane will return to its original state, ensuring the tightness of the device;
  2. Pendulum type, equipped with a pendulum valve with one fixed point. Passing drains deflect the valve from its equilibrium position, and gravity forces return it to its original state.
  3. Float type, which is a symbiosis of dry and hydraulic valve designs. The float valve (ordinary balls play its role in homemade products) floats in the presence of liquid and does not interfere with the drainage of liquid. When the water evaporates, the float will fall into the nest and close the passage valve. During the next discharge, the structure will be filled with water, and the ladder will begin to work as a water seal.

The use of the dry principle of operation ensures reliable operation of the entire drain system during its irregular operation, which provokes the evaporation of moisture from the hydraulic lock. Reliability and durability of operation will also be enhanced by stainless steel shower drains, which are absolutely indifferent to contact with the chemically aggressive water of our water supply systems.

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Dry shutter – best protection from the penetration of unpleasant odors from the sewer

One of the most popular devices in drainage systems is the sewer drain ladder. They are intended for receiving and discharging wastewater from a horizontal floor surface into the sewer system. These devices have found wide application in residential, public and industrial buildings. The design of the ladder must provide the following functions:

  • drain water quickly and efficiently;
  • filter wastewater from large contaminants;
  • prevent the penetration of unpleasant odors into the room.

Advantages and scope of dry drain

Until recently, only ladders with a hydraulic seal were produced. A water seal is a specially filled water seal that prevents unpleasant odors from the sewage system from entering the room. Such a seal requires periodic updating in the form of a spill of water. The most common problem when operating sewer drains with a hydraulic seal is the drying out of water and the unpleasant odors that the sewer system is rich in easily penetrate into the room, causing inconvenience to people.

Assembly diagram for ladders with straight and oblique outlets

Let's figure out what can cause the water seal to dry out. There are many reasons, and the most important among them are: the ladder is used sporadically (for example, it is located in guest bathroom, in the shower room of a hotel complex or intended for drainage of water in the event of an emergency leak, and not for regular everyday use), heated floors, increased indoor air temperature, hot climate, failure of the water seal due to design errors in the sewerage system.

Currently, requirements are becoming more stringent; people need comfortable use of devices, eliminating additional labor costs for servicing devices.

The way out of this situation is to use a ladder equipped with a dry seal, and this solution is becoming increasingly popular.

This device does not allow the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the absence of a water seal and does not require frequent maintenance. A dry seal for sewerage can work either independently or in conjunction with a water seal, when each of them complements each other.

Dry shutter device

The most common devices:

  1. Membrane. Under the pressure of water passing through the drain, the valve opens, and after the water passes, the spring moves the membrane to its original position. Access unpleasant odors reliably overlaps.
  2. Float It works due to the fact that the float is always on the surface of the water seal, and when the water evaporates, the float ends up at the very bottom and closes the passage.
  3. Pendulum. Under the influence of gravitational forces, the mechanical device constantly strives to occupy a position that blocks the sewer pipe.
  4. Based on the molecular memory properties of the material. Tubes made of elastic material are used, which always tends to return to its original shape.

Dry and combined drains are made from durable materials (mainly plastic housing and stainless steel grate) using modern equipment. The lineup these devices expand, you can choose a dry ladder equipped check valve to protect against the entry of wastewater from the sewer system into the premises in case of flooding, and also to select models that can be used in unheated rooms under conditions subzero temperatures, as well as heavy-duty, able to remain sealed under significant impact loads.

Main technical parameters

When choosing any sewer drain, including with a dry shutter, you must pay attention to a number of the following important technical points: the direction of the outlet and its diameter, throughput and its height. The outlet of the ladders is either located horizontally (straight and oblique outlets are made) or vertically (pointed down). The next parameter that needs to be taken into account is the diameter of the outlet. There are ladders with 50 and 100 mm. IN housing construction drains with a nominal bore of 50 mm are mainly used; they must ensure the removal of wastewater in an amount of at least 0.7 l/s. Drains with a nominal opening of 100 mm are installed in public premises and industrial facilities; they must ensure the removal of wastewater of more than 2.1 l/s. When selecting a sewer drain, great attention should be paid to such a parameter as the height of the drain (in modern models height ranges from 7 to 18 cm). Ladder made from quality materials, has an almost unlimited service life.

Installation of a sewer drain

Installing a dry device is no different from installing a drain with a water seal. It must be remembered that from quality installation, correct connection to the sewer system and its service life, safety of water leakage and aesthetic appearance after finishing. Installation of a drain entails some lifting of the floor in the shower room or other room in which it is necessary to drain waste water from a horizontal floor surface. It is extremely important to create a slope of the floor to direct water towards the drain.

The floor in the room in which the sewer drain is installed must be a system consisting of several layers:

  • material that provides thermal and sound insulation (for example, polystyrene foam);
  • concrete screed;
  • membrane material with waterproofing properties;
  • a concrete screed that sets the required slope towards the ladder;
  • ceramic floor tiles with a rough surface and a minimum percentage of water absorption, which is laid on a special adhesive solution.

When implementing installation work When connecting to the sewer, you must remember that the drain grate is installed flush with the floor surface and should not protrude above the tiles located in the immediate vicinity. The tiles are laid starting from the ladder. The thickness of the joints between the tiles should not exceed 2 mm; when sealing the joints, water-resistant grout is used. After completion of the work, the ladder is securely concreted into the floor.

Opt for a dry sewer drain and you will be able to forget about the musty smell from the sewer, and you will not need to regularly replenish the water seal with water. This device will serve you long years, perform their functions reliably and delight with ease of maintenance.