What is the best solution to plaster walls? How to plaster walls with your own hands

Plastering walls with your own hands is a procedure that is recommended to be carried out by craftsmen who only have experience in carrying out such types finishing works. If there is none, you should identify a small area of ​​the working surface and practice on it.

Don't try to save money: sometimes it's easier to hire a professional team to do the job.

Types of coatings

Before you begin finishing work, you should learn more about accepted standards. This can prevent you from doing the wrong thing. Construction standards SNiP III-21−73 define 3 types of coatings:

Features of the work

Depending on the type of material from which they were built load-bearing walls, as well as where they are located (inside or outside), they are applied different types mixtures and application techniques. Before starting finishing work, it is necessary to clarify certain nuances of finishing various surfaces.

Brick wall

This type of wall is usually finished with cement-based mortar. In some cases, lime is added to them to create a higher effect of plasticity and moisture resistance of the solution. The thickness of the plaster layer should not exceed thirty millimeters. It is recommended to use reinforcing materials to strengthen the layer.

In case of facing bricks When performing finishing work, an additional number of nuances arise. Its surface is very smooth, so the solution, even when using a reinforcing mesh, can stick very poorly and subsequently fall away. To compensate for this disadvantage, the surface is pre-treated with a special primer. Only after this can you begin the main work.

Concrete wall

Smooth surfaces are initially treated with primer, which contains quartz sand or similar additives. This composition will increase adhesion and ensure better contact of the solution with the wall. For finishing such walls they are also used cement-based mixtures to which gypsum can be added. For walls that are rougher, it is enough ordinary cement plaster without adding any special components.

Aerated concrete blocks

When plastering walls based on gas or foam concrete blocks will not pose any difficulties. On preliminary stage the surface is only treated with a special impregnation. Regular gypsum plaster or a composition based on concrete and lime is used.

What is required for do-it-yourself plastering

Naturally, no one will undertake such work with their bare hands. A good tool is needed. To plaster the walls, we will need to stock up on the following: consumables and the tool:

Finishing work

Plastering walls with your own hands can be done using two methods. In the first of them, at the beginning of work, beacons or threads are installed to mark the required level, and in the second, the solution is simply applied and leveled with a rule. There are many different additions and subtleties when working with both methods.

There are many stages in surface finishing. But only if all of them are followed, you can get a high-quality and even coating that will last the required period.

Preparatory stage

One of the activities during finishing work is surface preparation. It is carried out in several stages. The algorithm is as follows:

Marking

Initially, you need to check the walls with a level for deviations. Measurements must be taken over the entire surface of the wall: both horizontally and vertically. Using the rule, you should find depressions and bumps. All found defects are marked with a marker.

Work begins from the corner of the room, retreating 300 millimeters and drawing straight vertical lines from the ceiling to the floor, in increments of 160 centimeters over the entire length of the prepared surface. Next, at a distance of 150 millimeters from the edge of the wall, you need to mark the places along the line and install dowels with self-tapping screws for the beacons on them.

Then the cord is stretched from corner to corner horizontally. The result is two parallel lines. The cord must intersect all vertical lines, and at the intersection points marks are made and dowels are installed without self-tapping screws. The result is two rows of holes that run strictly along the same line.

Primer coating

This step is mandatory, since the service life of the surface to be finished depends on its implementation. The primer will increase adhesion and ventilation of the surface, and add antiseptic properties.

When covering bricks or foam blocks, soil is used deep penetration, for the rest, any soil for construction work.

To cover with primer, you will need a special painting container, which has a cavity into which the primer is poured, and a platform for squeezing the excess from the roller. Work is carried out in layers with an interval of 2-3 hours and with final drying for a day.

Installation of beacons

Without beacons, plastering is difficult, and in some cases impossible. This is the key to quality work. The technology for installing beacons is carried out in the following order:

• First, self-tapping screws are screwed into the prepared upper holes, after which the rule is to check how deeply the lower self-tapping screw needs to be screwed in in order to form a vertical line between them. According to this scheme, all fasteners are checked.
• After this, two diagonal lines are pulled between the caps using a thread, beacons are installed and checked to see if any of them will protrude.
• Now you need to calculate the distance between the upper and lower dowels and cut the beacon profile so that when installed it protrudes 5 centimeters in each direction.
• Then the solution is prepared and applied to the wall along a vertical line, after which the beacon prepared in the step above is pressed into the solution so that it does not protrude beyond the caps.
• After installing all beacons, a control check is carried out at the building level. It ends with the removal of the screws.

How to properly plaster walls with your own hands

Applying plaster to the wall will be considered based on gypsum mortar. Work at this stage begins with the preparation of the solution and preparation the right tools. If the walls are made of brick or foam block, they are wetted before applying the mortar so that the wall material does not absorb the liquid from the applied mortar. This prevents its premature hardening and destruction. It can be applied using two methods: using the cape principle, throwing the solution onto the wall with a spatula and stretching it over the entire surface. There is also a simpler method: the solution is simply applied to the wall and stretched with a trowel.

After applying the main part of the solution, take a rule and place it perpendicularly installed beacons and is carried out from bottom to top in a zigzag motion. The sharp edge of this tool will remove excess solution, which can be used to eliminate any noticeable imperfections. Then once again you need to go through the treated part as a rule, but this time the movements can be performed simply from bottom to top, achieving a perfectly flat surface.

Sealing corners around the perimeter

Work in this area needs to start from the ceiling. A solution of the same consistency is prepared as for the walls, but narrower spatulas are used. The formation of a small overlap on the main part of the surface is not critical: they can be removed in the future with sandpaper. Using this principle, all corners throughout the entire volume of the room are sealed.

When finishing corners, an already finished surface will serve as an example of a plane, and you can ignore the beacons. In this case, you need to use a square to maintain the perpendicularity of the corners.

At the end of the work, it is necessary to check the surface for cracks. If they occur, you need to seal them with a more liquid solution. If differences of more than one millimeter are formed, they are removed with the sharp edge of a trowel. Only then can the beacons be finally removed and the resulting gaps sealed with mortar. The final treatment involves sanding. When working with gypsum plaster, no finishing is required. At this point the finishing work is completed. It remains to wait until the applied solution dries and gains hardness.

Plastering gives the walls an aesthetic appearance. This is one of the most labor-intensive and expensive stages work, without which it is impossible to provide quality premises. Those who like to do everything on their own and want to learn how to level walls need to know the technique and some rules.

Why do you need to plaster the walls in your apartment?

What does plastering walls give:

• Levels the surface and eliminates defects.
• Increases the strength of walls.
• Protects from excess moisture.
• Improves insulating qualities.

What are the application methods for beginners: options for how to quickly plaster

Apply in three layers in the following order:

1. "Splash" or "splatter".

It is formed by throwing mortar onto the wall in order to fill all uneven areas and voids, as well as improve adhesion between the wall and the finishing layer of mortar.

1. Application of primer.

Apply for leveling after the first coat has partially dried. Apply in several layers until the desired thickness is formed. Everything is carefully leveled.

1. "Covering"

Finish plaster allows you to get a perfectly smooth surface. Can serve as the last step before wallpapering or puttying.

After last layer Once it sets, you can grout it, which will remove all the unevenness and roughness, allowing you to get a smooth and even surface.

How to properly learn how to plaster at home with your own hands: detailed complete instructions for a beginner

Plastering walls is the basis of repairs, therefore this process need to pay special attention.

What material and tools are needed for plastering at different stages?

To plaster on your own, you will need a number of tools and materials:

• spatulas of various widths;
• trowel for applying the solution;
• rule for alignment;
• crosshead screwdriver;
• two-meter bubble level;
• wide;
• scraper for cleaning walls;
• construction mixer or hammer drill for making mortar;
• beacons 3-9 mm;
• large container for mixing the solution;
• metal scissors for cutting beacons;
• steel ironed;
• plaster mixture;
• gloves to protect hands;
• plumb line;
• roulette;
• dowels, hammer drills, wood screws.

What mixture is best to do the work: the better

Types of mixtures and their characteristics:

1. Cement

Very durable. Requires additional coating with putty. Can be used both externally and interior work Oh.

1. Limestone

Easy to apply, soft and elastic, also requires additional putty. Used for interior finishing.

1. Acrylic, silicone and silicate

Use only for application in a thin layer. Gives perfect evenness. Can be used in damp areas.

1. Plaster

The most common. Allows you to level with a thick layer and does not crack. After applying this mixture, the surface is even and smooth. Plastic, easy to work with. It is economical because it does not require the use of reinforcing mesh when finishing smooth surfaces. Has low sound and thermal conductivity. It is not advisable to use in damp areas or outdoors.

Sequence of preparatory work

The first step is to clean the walls from traces of the previous finish, dust and dirt.

Depending on the type of base, for better adhesion of the mixture to the surface, you need to prepare the walls as follows:

• On a surface concrete covering You need to make shallow cuts with a hammer and a serrated tooth and treat them with the “Betonokontakt” soil mixture.
• Attach a mesh netting or shingles to wooden walls, which is made by stuffing thin slats diagonally.
• In a brick wall, recesses are made between the bricks.

It is advisable to moisten wooden and brick bases with water before plastering.

Porous surfaces should be treated. You can proceed to plastering only after it has dried.

How to apply plaster evenly

Thin the plaster according to the instructions on the package.

To apply the first layer, the consistency of the mixture should be thicker than sour cream. It is sketched with a trowel using sharp movements of the brush along the plane of the wall. The applied plaster is leveled with a trowel. Beginners can use a simplified method - make the solution more liquid and “shed it on the walls.”

After the initial layer has dried, you can begin applying the next one.

Prepare the solution to a dough-like consistency. When throwing it on the wall, you need to fill all the voids and depressions, level the surface as much as possible and create the desired layer thickness. When working, the rule is to direct from bottom to top and distribute the solution evenly. Then, running a trowel up and down along the surface, achieve complete leveling of the wall. Let dry thoroughly.

To hide all the flaws and shortcomings of the previous layers, use the finishing layer “Covering”.

Before mixing, sift all ingredients to avoid the appearance of lumps. Moisten the wall with water and apply the mixture in a thin layer using a trowel.

When finished, smooth the surface using a trowel in a circular motion.

Without waiting for it to dry, you can move on to grouting. To do this, press the trowel firmly against the wall and, making circular movements, rub the surface, cutting off all bulges and smoothing out irregularities.

Self-application finishing technology

After laying the main layers of plaster, the surface is rough and grainy; therefore, in order to obtain an even background, it is necessary to apply a finishing putty.

You can purchase it ready-made, or you can buy a dry mixture and carry out the mixing process yourself, according to the instructions on the package.

Before puttying, the wall must be well moistened; this is done in order to remove dirt and improve the penetration of the mixture into the pores of the surface.

Do not use a narrow spatula a large number of Apply the mixture to the edge of a wide spatula. Then spread the putty over the wall using vertical and cross-shaped movements. It is recommended to start pulling the mixture from the corner.

The spatula blade must be clean to avoid streaking.

To level the putty, a spatula is applied at a slight angle to the beginning of the area and passed along the surface with little force.

The thickness of the layer depends on the angle of inclination of the spatula; the more you tilt it towards the wall, the thicker the layer will be.

After the solution has hardened, it is necessary to sand it with sandpaper.

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Procedure for rough processing

For work it is better to use . First you need to clean the surface to be treated. wire brush, deepen the masonry seams, clean from dust. To reduce the absorption of bricks and improve adhesion, coat the wall with a deep penetration primer.

To prevent cracks from forming when the house shrinks, you need to use a reinforcing mesh made of plastic. It can be laid in two ways:

1. Attach with hooks that are driven into the masonry seams.
2. Spray the solution onto the wall and press the mesh into it.

Then set the beacons and mix the solution. For the first layer, the solution should resemble liquid sour cream in consistency; for the second application, mix a thicker one.

1st layer: moisten the wall with water, spray a 5mm solution, lightly level it. Let dry.

2nd layer: throw the mixture onto the wall. Pressing the rule against the beacons and moving from bottom to top, level the surface. Add solution to the resulting voids and level again. Smooth with a trowel.

A simple way to apply plaster to cracks

Sealing cracks in a brick wall can be done using gypsum mortar in several stages:

1. Clean the crack from dust and debris, wash the edges with a damp sponge.
2. Dilute the gypsum mixture.
3. Using a spatula, fill the space with the solution.
4. After drying, smooth out any uneven surfaces with sandpaper.

Rules for placing beacons

It is better for beginners to carry out plastering work.

• Drive in a dowel in the upper left corner of the wall, but not all the way: between the head and the wall there should be a distance equal to the thickness of the planned layer of plaster.
• Using a plumb line, set the diagonal and drive in the second dowel at the bottom.
• Repeat the procedure in the right corner of the same wall.
• Pull the threads between the top, bottom, and then the opposite bottom and top dowels.
• Place the thick solution along the entire length of the proposed lighthouse.
• Using a rule and a level, press the beacon into the solution 1 mm below the thread level.
• Mount the remaining beacons.

How to carry out work on foam concrete

Plastering foam blocks occurs in the following order:

• Clean walls and joints with a wire brush.
• Coat with a primer for foam blocks.
• Knead the mixture, strictly following the recipe.
• Starting from the bottom, apply the first layer of plaster.
• Let it dry slightly, press in the mesh for reinforcement and secure with dowels.
• Apply the next layer of plaster and leave until completely dry.
• Cover with a thin finishing layer.

Plastering the walls in an apartment on your own is a completely doable task even for people who have no experience in construction. The main thing is to have the desire, and you can learn anything.

Useful video

Plastering walls is one of the stages of renovation of premises. Application of the mixture may be necessary in a new building with bare load-bearing structures or in old houses with uneven or dilapidated walls.

Non-professionals often have questions about which mixture to choose and how to apply it correctly; for this you need to know the characteristics of different types of materials and their scope of application. If a beginner takes on the job, then you should start with the basics, with what plaster is, what compositions there are, whether you can apply them yourself or entrust the work to professionals.

When choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account a number of features: the properties of the mixture itself, the characteristics of the base, and the method of application. The combination of these factors depends appearance, service life and alignment quality.

Plastering walls poses a big task - to level out the unevenness of the base wall by applying concrete or gypsum mixture. And sometimes give the surface decorative look. Depending on the composition and size of the drops, it is performed in different ways.

The main principle for choosing plaster is its purpose. It is necessary to consider where the work will take place: indoors or on the facade. What properties should the mixture have, and what is the base for finishing made of?

All plasters are divided into three large groups:

1. simple (for leveling the surface);
2. special (compositions with additives to improve individual characteristics);
3. decorative (finish coatings that do not require additional processing).

Interior plastering of house walls requires that the composition be safe and smooth out perfectly. For outdoor work, a mixture that is resistant to adverse environmental factors is required.

Cement

Dry mixture of cement and sand. The ratio of components in the composition is on average 1 to 2-5, respectively. Before application, mix with water to the consistency of thick sour cream.

Cement plasters are used for interior and exterior work. To improve plasticity and adhesion, plasticizers and PVA glue are added to the composition. When working in rooms with high humidity and outside, slaked lime is added to the solution.

Apply 3-5 layers. The maximum thickness of one is no more than 20 mm, optimally 10 mm. The total thickness of the coating can reach 100 mm, but reinforcement will be required.

The task of this composition is to level out unevenness for further finishing. Suitable for brick, concrete and wooden bases. Before application, prime the surface, then plaster the walls in three stages (spray, primer, cover).

It is applied manually and by machine, leveled with spatulas and a rule.

Plaster

The mixture is based on gypsum powder, fine filler and polymer additives. It does not tolerate moisture and temperature changes well, so it is used only for interior work. Sold as a dry mixture for preparing a solution with water.

The maximum layer thickness without reinforcement is 5 cm. Can be applied to any substrate. Suitable for creating a smooth surface for painting or wallpaper. It dries in just a few hours; the finished solution must be used within 40 minutes.

The technology for plastering walls with gypsum composition differs from cement. The mixture is applied in one layer, leveled with a rule, minor irregularities are corrected with a spatula.

Decorative

Mixtures of decorative plaster perform two functions at once: they hide minor defects and give an aesthetic appearance. No additional finishing is needed. Pigments and insoluble granules from stone, sand, and plastic are added to such compositions.

Depending on what mixture and technique of plastering the walls is chosen, a different pattern, relief, pattern or texture is obtained.

Produced on acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral bases. If you follow all the rules for plastering walls, it adheres well to any substrate. There are compositions for external and internal work.

Silicone

Silicone-based compounds are used for external and interior plaster walls The mixture remains flexible even after drying, thanks to which the surface is not afraid of sudden temperature changes and mechanical damage. It tolerates moisture well, so it is suitable for finishing bathrooms and kitchens.

The finished surface can have a “Bark beetle”, “Lamb” relief or imitate marble (Venetian). It all depends on how to plaster the walls, what tools to use and what size and shape of the solid particles in the composition.

Sgraffito

Sgraffito is not a separate type of plaster, but a method of applying it. Using this technique, you can create carved color designs. As a result, the plastered walls look like real paintings.

To create a beautiful effect in compositions on on different basis Pigments are added and the plaster is applied in several layers that differ in shade. Next, patterns, ornaments, and figures are cut out on the dried finish.

Decorating walls with sgraffito plaster requires skill and experience. A person who knows how to draw and work with the mixture can cope with this task.

Venetian

These mixtures imitate a smooth or textured marble surface. It contains a polymer binder or lime, pigments and mineral dust. Since the plaster needs to be applied in 5-6 layers, the work takes a lot of time. To obtain a marble pattern, the mixture is applied unevenly, gradually creating a play of shades.

Depending on how the plaster is applied to the wall, the intensity and depth of color, contrasts and texture of natural stone vary.

Textured

Textured plaster creates an imitation of stone, wood and leather. It can contain any binder and solid fillers of various fractions and shapes. The larger they are, the more pronounced and relief the pattern will be.

This plaster is used for interior and exterior wall decoration. For the former, the fillers are thinner, so the texture is elegant; for the latter, the fillers are large, creating a rough relief.

The best way to plaster walls

Which plaster is best for leveling walls depends on a number of factors: the size of the differences in the base surface, resistance to moisture, type of finishing coating, operating conditions.

Criterion	Cement	Plaster	Decorative
Amount of irregularities	Up to 100 mm	Up to 50 mm	From 8 to 17 mm
Moisture resistance	Yes	No	Yes
Finish coating	Suitable for tiles, wallpaper and painting (subject to puttying)	For wallpaper and painting (no puttying required)	No additional finishing needed
Operating conditions (temperature, humidity)	from -50 to +80 degrees, at any humidity	From +5 to +30 degrees Celsius, only for dry, heated rooms	From -50 to +75 degrees, tolerates humid environments well
Recommended application	Facade of the building, rooms with high humidity (kitchen, bathroom, industrial buildings)	Bedroom, children's room, corridor	Depending on the type of binder, you can choose a composition for external and internal work

Important! Plastering walls in an apartment requires the mixture to be environmentally safe, so using the composition for exterior work indoors is prohibited.

Applying plaster to the wall can be done with different tools: wide and narrow spatulas, or a special machine. For decorative compositions, rollers with embossed attachments, a trowel, an applicator, and brushes are used.

Ways to level walls

It is already clear which plaster is best to choose for leveling the walls; all that remains is to determine the method of applying it to the surface.

Plaster can be applied to walls in two main ways: without beacons (by eye) and using beacons. The first method involves applying and leveling the mixture with spatulas, a rule or a trowel; it is suitable if the surface has slight differences of up to 2-3 cm. The second method is more reliable and accurate. For it, a plane of metal profiles is pre-set on the walls.

You can determine the size of the differences using a plumb line or building level, and then choose which wall plastering technology is most suitable.

Plaster interior walls apartments are often performed without beacons, since the differences are usually insignificant. In industrial buildings with high ceilings, it is better to use beacons.

Required tools and materials

To plaster walls you will need a large set of tools and materials:

• A hatchet or hammer with a pick (for removing old coating or protruding parts);
• Brush (for applying primer);
• Primer composition suitable for the type of base;
• Plumb line or building level (to control the plane during work);
• Square (for drawing out corners);
• Large capacity (for mixing the solution);
• Construction mixer;
• Plaster spatula and trowel (for adding mortar to areas where there is not enough of it);
• Wide and narrow spatulas;
• Guiding beacons;
• Rule and grater (to level the layer);
• Plaster corners (for reinforcing external corners).

In order for plastering walls with your own hands to be of high quality, you need to study the technology of applying the mixture. If you are a beginner and not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust the work to professionals than to plaster the walls again. They have all the materials for plastering walls, and they know exactly what is best for plastering walls.

Preparatory stage

Preparatory work consists of surface treatment before applying the first layer of plaster. The nature of the work is determined by the type of foundation:

1. Preparing the brick surface. For better adhesion, you need to fix the reinforcing mesh or make indentations in the mortar between the bricks. Next comes cleaning of dust and debris and priming.
2. Preparing concrete walls. If the material is not very dense, shallow cuts are made with an ax, then treated with concrete contact.
3. Foam block surfaces are coated with a deep penetration primer.
4. Preparation wooden walls under plaster. It is necessary to fill the diagonal slats in increments of 5 cm so that the solution is better retained on the surface.

There should be no large protrusions on the surface of the walls, no loose old coating, metal elements, dust and debris. Once the base has been prepared and the primer has dried, you can begin the process of applying plaster.

Application technology

Plastering walls begins with preparing the solution. To do this, the dry mixture is diluted with water in the proportions recommended by the manufacturer. Concrete and brick walls are moistened with water so that the plaster takes longer to set and does not lag behind the surface.

Technology plastering works includes three stages. This is the sequential application of three layers of a mixture of different thicknesses and thicknesses.

Instructions for plastering walls with your own hands:

1. Spray. This layer is the most liquid in consistency. It is thrown onto the surface using a trowel with little effort. Then they are slightly leveled with a falcon. The thickness of the plaster layer is 5-10 mm.
2. Priming. When the first layer has set, but has not yet dried, apply the second layer. It is thicker and thinner. It is placed on the falcon and applied to the wall, then leveled with a wide spatula using sweeping movements. One portion of plaster should be enough for approximately 1 square meter. area.
3. Covering. Layer thickness 2 mm. The solution should be thick. Apply to hardened soil. Its task is to level out all minor irregularities. The mixture is no longer thrown on, but spread with a spatula, pressing the sharp edge to the surface. Apply using bottom-up movements. You can move in an arc. After the mixture has set, the surface is rubbed with a trowel.

Other methods of applying plaster are also practiced. For example, in one layer, without splashing. This method is suitable for those who do not have professional skills, since only a person with experience can properly plaster walls.

Grouting plaster

The last stage of plastering is grouting. Its task is to bring the surface to perfect smoothness. Grouting of the surface must begin when the last layer of plaster has hardened. The work is carried out in stages using different tools:

1. Grouting with a trowel wooden surface the set layer of covering. You need to smooth out the spatula marks and bumps. Performed without pressure in a circular motion.
2. Smoothing with a felt grater using sharp, straight movements.
3. Smoothing with a grater with a rubber or metal strip. These tools prepare the surface for painting. Movements first vertically, then horizontally.

After grouting, the wall is cleaned of dust and coated with a primer. You can proceed to further finishing when the surface has dried well.

What is lighthouse plaster?

The process of leveling walls with beacons begins with installing profiles that will set the desired level.

Installation of beacons is carried out as follows:

• A self-tapping screw is screwed into the wall near the ceiling and floor, and their position is leveled using a plumb line. Their caps should be in the same plane.
• Measure the distance between the screws, subtract 5 cm and cut off a profile fragment equal to the obtained value.
• Draw a line between the screws with a pencil.
• Throw the plaster solution onto the line in 3-4 places with tubercles, press the profile into them so that its plane meets the heads of the screws. Remove the fasteners.
• Repeat the procedure at a distance of no more than 1 meter from the first beacon. Thus, a plane is created along all the walls of the room.

At this point, the installation of the beacons is completed, and you can begin to apply the first layer of the mixture. After the plaster has been completely applied, the beacons are removed and the areas where they were located are leveled.

DIY wall plaster

You can apply plaster yourself if the differences are not very large and the layer of the mixture does not exceed 2-5 cm. Only mixtures for rough leveling and easy-to-work decorative ones should be applied. For example, finishing a wall Venetian plaster doing it yourself without experience is too reckless. Compositions that are difficult to work with are best left to professionals.

Some formulations can be prepared independently. Cement plaster consists only of cement and sand; knowing the required ratio of components, you can prepare a mixture.

How to make plaster:

• Pour cement of at least M200 grade and 3-4 times more sand (depending on the fat content of the composition needed) into a large container or concrete mixer and mix dry;
• Pour in in small portions water until the desired consistency is obtained, stirring the composition periodically;
• To improve plasticity, you can add a little detergent(at the rate of 30-50 ml per 5 liters of water).

The finished mixture must be used within an hour. Since plastering with your own hands can take a long time, you should not prepare a lot of solution at once.

If we plaster ourselves, then we need to take care to protect the skin from the composition, as well as cover the furniture and floor in the room where the work is taking place.

Since plastering walls with your own hands without any experience is not easy, you can first watch a video of how the craftsmen do it.

You can save significantly on plastering walls in an apartment only if you prepare the solution yourself and apply it yourself.

You can reduce costs a little more by using materials sparingly:

• Dilute the composition with water in small portions so that you have time to use it;
• Carefully monitor the differences in the wall; perhaps in some places it is enough to cut off the bumps and the mixture consumption will be reduced;
• Apply only two layers without covering, but this is acceptable if the differences do not exceed 1-2 cm.

Plastered walls improve the heat and sound insulation of the room, acquire a flat and smooth surface, ready for further finishing with thin coatings - wallpaper and paint. Some types of compositions also have decorative functions. You can apply the mixture in different ways, but it is important to do everything correctly, otherwise the coating will not last long.

Today, the situation when an apartment in a new building is greeted with bare walls without any finishing or plastering is the norm. Faced with this, the owners are launching a large-scale renovation of the entire apartment. And one of the top priorities is plastering the walls. To perform this type of work, you need to know how to plaster walls and be able to use the tool.

• We will need a steel brush to clean the surface. Brushes can vary in size and hardness.
• We will use bush hammers, trojans, and teeth to apply notches. Bush hammer - a heavy hammer with serrated ends.
• Scraper for applying plaster.
• The falcon is used for convenience; a single portion of plaster mortar is placed in it, which will then be applied to the walls.
• The solution is mixed with a plaster spatula, applied to the wall surface and rubbed.
• A trowel is convenient for leveling the solution over the surface.
• A grater is needed for grouting plaster.
• The rule is to control the evenness of the surface.
• A level or plumb line is required for control in the horizontal direction.
• Plaster mixture. We’ll talk about the best way to plaster walls later.

Rules for applying plaster

It is necessary to properly plaster the walls in three layers; remove excess mortar with a wide trapezoidal spatula

Preparation: ensure adhesion

1. Clean the surface from dust, dirt, and deposits.

2. Wet the surface with water. It is very convenient to do this from a garden sprayer, but if this is not possible, then you can use a broom.

3. If the wall is brick, deepen the seams between the bricks by about 1 cm. This is necessary for better adhesion of the mortar to the surface.

4. If the wall is concrete and is smooth surface, we make notches on it with a tooth and a hammer 15 mm long, 3 mm deep. For every m2 there should be approximately 250 notches. Then we clean the wall with a brush and moisten it with water.

5. If the wall is wooden, we split the boards and stuff shingles on top. You can use plywood scraps 15 mm wide and 4 mm thick and stuffed diagonally. The result should be a diagonal sheathing on the wall.

Important! Instead of shingles, you can use mesh - chain-link. It must be stuffed onto plywood strips, and not directly onto the wall; the gap between the wall and the stack should be about 3 mm.

Solution application technique

1. We collect a portion of the plaster mortar into the falcon.

2. Using a plaster spatula, remove the mortar from the falcon and throw it onto the wall. It is most convenient to pick up the solution with the angle of the spatula, moving away from you towards the middle of the falcon. The throwing motion is carried out only with the hand, and not with the whole arm. Do not wave too hard, otherwise the solution may splash.

Important! There is another method of application - spreading. We place the falcon against the wall, take a portion of the solution with a spatula and spread it on the wall. But keep in mind that throwing the solution provides better adhesion to the surface!

Splash- the first layer of plaster has the consistency of liquid sour cream. Required for wooden walls and is 10 mm. This layer is not needed for concrete and brick walls.

Priming- the second layer of dough-like consistency - evens out unevenness. The thickness is 20 mm and no more, even if the layer is applied in several stages, this limit is maximum.

Covering- the third layer is again from a solution of creamy consistency. Only this time it is necessary to approach its preparation more carefully. The thickness is 2-5 mm. The covering smoothes out all remaining imperfections in the soil.

Important! For concrete and brick walls, plaster 5 mm thick is sufficient, for wooden layer should be 25 mm or more to completely cover the shingles or mesh.

3. Leveling plaster mortar grater We drive it both horizontally and vertically. This must be done with each layer separately. The better we level the soil, the easier and more correct we will apply the covering. We level the spray only if drops of solution hang from it.

Important! Do not forget to control the evenness of the surface as a rule. And after leveling the covering, wait until the solution dries.

4. Rub the surface with a grater.

First, we grout in a circular manner. Press the grater tightly against the wall and make circular movements counterclockwise. All irregularities will be cut off with the edges of the grater.

Then we perform the grouting at speed. It is necessary to remove circular marks left after circular grouting. We clean the grater from any remaining solution, press it to the surface and make sharp movements-sweeps, erasing traces.

If the walls have significant unevenness, protrusions or other defects, then it is necessary to perform plaster along the beacons, if, of course, you want to get a perfectly flat horizontal and vertical surface.

If the walls are made of wood, brick or other material into which nails can easily be inserted, then wooden planks or metal beacons: aluminum or steel can be used as beacons.

If the walls are made of more durable material, then plaster or plaster is used as beacons.

We install beacons strictly according to level

Stages of work:

1. At a distance of about 15-20 cm from the corner of the room or the beginning of the wall, make a plumb line. We drive a nail at the top of the wall and hang a plumb line on it with a rope.

2. Prepare cement mortar or alabaster and throw small piles of mortar onto the wall strictly along the plumb line. It is on them that we will mount the beacons. In a vertical position, three such piles are enough.

3. Take a beacon, for example, an aluminum one. We apply it to the piles of mortar and carefully press it in so that the outer edge of the lighthouse protrudes from the wall by 15-20 mm. Be sure to check the evenness of the beacon with a level.

4. We install the second beacon at the other edge of the wall. And one more in the middle between them. The technology is the same, only now it is necessary to check their level relative position so that it is the same. To do this, in addition to the vertical plumb line, you can stretch the string horizontally.

Important! If the wall is very long, there should be more beacons. Approximately 1 m apart. We check the location of the beacons with a level.

5. We finally fix the beacons on the wall, covering their edges concrete mixture. We are waiting for the solution to harden and the beacons will “sit” firmly in place.

6. Apply the plaster in the same way as already described above. We fill all the cracks and potholes.

Important! The layer of plaster should protrude 2-3 mm beyond the edges of the beacons.

7. Level the plaster using the rule. We apply it to the beacons, press down and, moving from bottom to top along the beacons, remove the excess layer of plaster.

8. If there is not enough mixture, add more to fill the voids. We continue leveling and adding until the wall is level. Then wait until the solution dries. It will take 10-12 days.

Demonstrating how to properly plaster walls, the video describes in detail the technology for installing beacons and plastering on beacons.

Afterwards, you can carry out a “finish” plastering of the walls or immediately putty them.

The most difficult stage in plastering work is slopes, window openings and corners.

Luzg — internal corner formed by the connection of two walls or a wall and a ceiling.

Usenok- an external corner formed by two walls.

Plastering slopes is the most difficult stage

Good help in plastering slopes are beacons. Where the walls meet the ceiling, we set a rule and fill the space under it with mortar.

Grind using a grater. We correct all defects and check the evenness of the layer using the rule.

To plaster the vertical husk to the lighthouse, we place the rule at the bottom near the floor and fill the empty space with mortar. After a while, we remove the rule; underneath it should be a perfectly even strip of solution. We are waiting for it to dry. We make the same strip at the top of the wall. These stripes will serve as horizontal beacons for us. Then we apply the plaster to the empty space and level it relative to our mortar beacons. We erase all small defects and irregularities.

In the case of studs, it is convenient to nail a perfectly flat one onto the adjacent plastered wall. wooden plank and secure it near the edge so that it is convenient to level the solution along it. Apply the plaster mixture to the slope. We level the mortar using the rule if the wall is smooth. If we are plastering the slope of a window opening, then we use an angle tool to level it in order to maintain correct angle near the window frame.

After the solution dries, rub it with a grater. We check the evenness of the plaster with a level. Then remove the auxiliary strips.

How to plaster slopes: video

The best way to plaster walls

For plastering internal surfaces, it is best to choose the following mixtures: lime mortar, lime-clay, lime-clay- gypsum mortar, lime-gypsum or cement-lime mortar. If the walls are wooden, you can use a solution with the addition of gypsum. The main thing to remember is that plaster dries quickly.

To plaster external walls, use lime mortar, cement-lime or cement-clay mortar.

Cement mortars are used to repair old plaster and finish bumps.

For internal and external surfaces are used different mixtures

Mortar prepared from 1 part lime dough and 1-5 parts sand. Sand is added gradually until the solution becomes homogeneous. The solution should stick slightly to the trowel and resemble dough.

Lime-clay mortar is a mixture of 1 part liquid clay dough, 1/3 part lime dough and 3-6 parts sand. Mix the clay and lime dough, then gradually begin to add sand, continuing to stir.

Cement-lime mortar knead from 1 part cement, 1-3 parts lime paste and 6-8 parts sand. Add sand to dry cement and mix, add milk of lime and mix. If the dough is too thick, add a little water and mix.

Lime-gypsum mortar prepare from 1 part gypsum and 3-4 parts lime. Take a container, pour water, pour a thin layer of plaster and quickly knead. The result should be a not very thick homogeneous mass. Add lime mortar to it and mix.

Cement mortar used most often for thick layers of plaster or on external walls. Mix 1 part cement and 2-5 parts sand and, adding water, knead like dough.

If you choose the right solution for plastering walls and follow all the recommendations for application technology, this will greatly facilitate further finishing work.

Video: plaster on polystyrene foam

A facade insulated with polystyrene foam does not need to be sheathed with clapboard or siding, but simply plastered. The video will tell you how to do this:

There are several types of plaster. Plaster can be gypsum, cement-lime and cement-sand. Each has its own pros and cons. Now let’s figure out what’s the best way to plaster walls.

Gypsum plaster the most optimal option for plastering indoors. It sticks firmly to the surface and is easy to handle when doing plastering work. This type of plaster is relevant if the plaster layer does not exceed 5 cm. Otherwise, it is better to use drywall.

Cement-lime plaster very relevant in plastering the walls of cottages, where large areas walls, there is a place to store lime mortar and there is a place for a concrete mixer. Cement-lime plaster is as warm as gypsum plaster but costs an order of magnitude less.

Cement-sand plaster heavy and cold. Its only correct use is plastering facades. Plastering indoors with cement-sand plaster is not profitable either from a financial point of view or in terms of the convenience of plastering work.

Cement-lime plaster walls

We used ready-made lime-sand plaster and added cement as a plasticizer.

To 8 parts of lime-sand plaster, 1 part of M-500 cement was added.

After the beacons were exposed and hardened, we ended up with a layer of 10-20 mm. thick. Therefore, we made a very liquid solution (like semolina porridge).

Before plastering, the wall must be moistened generously with water.
After you have thrown the plaster onto the wall and cut off the excess, the rule is to let it sit for half an hour, and then rub it with a float.

Within a week, the cement-lime plaster will dry completely.

How and with what to plaster walls

Plasterers have such a concept as plaster according to the rule, and plaster according to beacons. The rule is stupidity, especially since such work is not much cheaper, but the quality suffers. I believe that if you do it, it should be done properly, which means you should not waste time or money to do it plastering walls on beacons.

Article from the website brigadastroi.ru

We make markings on the wall for beacons. We drill and tighten the self-tapping screws with dowels into the wall (top and bottom) and align them according to the rules and bubble level so that they are vertical and the protrusions on the wall do not interfere with the rule. We do this only at the outermost lighthouses.

Then you pull the lace over these screws and tighten the screws that will be in the middle, thereby you get the perfect vertical plane. It is optimal to use 4 self-tapping screws for a 2.5 meter beacon. Thus, you will never push the beacon more than necessary. The middle beacons, the pitch of which is 20 cm less than the length of the rule, are made according to the same principle. The lace is stretched horizontally and the screws are set.

Then we put beacons on these screws and coat them with gypsum plaster. When coated, we check, as a rule, the evenness of the lighthouse. Once the beacons have hardened, they can be plastered.

Plastering walls is done as follows: plaster is thrown onto the wall from bottom to top, then the excess mortar that sticks out from the beacons is cut off using the rule (also from bottom to top). The rule can be pulled by slightly swaying left and right, this is especially convenient when a lot of excess solution is removed - it’s easier to pull.

In conclusion, I wanted to show a video about how to plaster walls; this video shows everything that I talked about in this article.

Video on how to plaster walls

Cracks in plaster

We will talk about cracks that appeared the next day after applying the plaster. There may be several reasons for the appearance of cracks in plaster, which we will analyze.

If you are plastering with gypsum plaster, you must first prime the walls. Otherwise, the walls will strongly absorb moisture from the plaster, causing cracks to appear. Before applying cement-sand and lime, the walls must be moistened generously with water for the same reasons.

When applying layers of plaster more than 15 mm. cracks may also appear.

Plaster dries too quickly when it’s hot outside and you ventilate the room. The plaster should dry for several days.

Poor quality solution, this often happens when you manually prepare the solution and add incorrect proportions of components. Or you add something of your own that is not provided by the factory, the manufacturer of ready-made plasters.

If cracks appear in the plaster, then you need to knock with your fist near them, if you hear a characteristic ringing sound, this means the plaster has moved away from the wall and needs to be knocked down and the area replastered. If the sound is dull, then it’s okay, putty will hide these cracks.

Finally, a piece of advice: pull out the plaster beacons after plastering the walls. Although they are considered galvanized, after 3-5 years rust will appear which will force you to do repairs again.

Indoor walls are leveled using plaster mixtures; when choosing a material, you need to know what the structure is made of. The strength and durability of plaster depends on the correct choice of mixture. This article describes the best way to plaster the walls of a house inside.

Gypsum compositions

Houses differ in building materials, therefore they have different thermal output or vapor barrier; the choice of plaster mixture will depend on this.

The most popular is gypsum-based plaster, which is very easy to work with and the drying process is very fast.
The most important component of this plaster is considered to be gypsum.

And the remaining additives, which provide the material with plasticity and strength, are complementary. The dry material is diluted with water, it thickens within an hour, so you need to prepare the composition in such a quantity that you can use it at one time, without leaving it for later.

Prepare the mixture according to the special instructions indicated on the packaging, and not “by eye”.

Thanks to the work done correctly, you can obtain a high-quality mixture, as well as prevent errors during application and various problems during operation, such as cracks or smudges.
Gypsum plaster is used only for interior decoration of premises, and the humidity should not be high. In some rooms with high humidity, this composition is not used, since the material accumulates moisture, resulting in mold.

The possibility of vapor permeability of the plaster composition depends on the manufacturer. For example, the Rotband composition is not used for plastering foam block houses, since it removes moisture from the house through the pores.

The Volma Layer mixture is excellent for such material. Therefore, before purchasing, you need to familiarize yourself with the scope of application of the material; this should be indicated on the packaging.

Cement-type mixtures

Now there are a very large number of dry mixtures for plaster on the market.

The desired composition can be selected taking into account the cost, amount of work, and conditions of use.

It must be taken into account that the compositions of gypsum, and cement type have different costs, but almost the same amount of material is spent on one site at a price, since a mixture of gypsum is considered more economical.
Such a solution has distinctive feature the fact that it is used not only for work from the inside, but also for finishing outside, due to its water-repellent qualities.

Cement is not hygroscopic, so compaction additives increase the water-repellent properties of the cement mortar.

Thus, the cement composition is highly resistant to moisture, and can be used in the bathroom, toilets or kitchen. The cement-based plaster mixture is very durable and adheres well to any material, and also has a long service life.

Surfaces plastered with a cement composition are characterized by increased resistance to mechanical damage and can be used not only for finishing walls, but for repairing individual sections of surfaces.

But cement-based plaster has its drawbacks. If you have no work experience, it is difficult to apply, unlike gypsum composition. First you need to learn how to prepare a mixture of different consistencies. It is also necessary to remember that such a mixture is heavy, therefore, when applying a large layer, reinforcement is performed using a metal mesh.

There are also mortars made from sand, cement, and lime; they have been used in construction for a very long time. Such compositions are low cost and also prevent the appearance of mold and mildew.

Many people add components in arbitrary quantities, which subsequently leads to cracking or peeling of surfaces. So that the solution has high quality, it is necessary to maintain the correct proportions, all components should not be expired, and sand should be taken of the middle fraction.

Polymer type plaster

In addition to mixtures of gypsum and cement, there is a polymer type plaster.

This material is not used for leveling surfaces; it serves decorative coating on flat wall. You can also make decorative plaster with your own hands from gypsum.
Plaster polymer mixtures can have various compositions, which help make the surface of different textures and colors.

The solution is applied in a small layer to a concrete, cement or plasterboard surface. Such mixtures are highly resistant to moisture, so they can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Plasters are divided into different types, it depends on the added binder component; they can be acrylic, silicate, silicone or siloxane.

Polymer-based plaster solutions adhere well to surfaces and can hide minor unevenness or other defects. To seal minor cracks, this compound is used with fiberglass mesh.

Such compositions are waterproof, resistant to mechanical stress, capable of transmitting steam, due to this, mold and fungi do not form on the surface. This type of material helps to improve the soundproofing and thermal insulation qualities of the room.

To apply plaster you do not need any special skill; even a person with no experience can do this work, since the mixture has high ductility and fits well on the surface. When working, use ordinary tools, that is, a spatula, a grater and other common items for plaster.

What is the best material to choose?

When choosing a material for plastering walls from the inside, you need to take into account that it is easier to work with gypsum, but this type of composition is not used in all rooms.

Since it is not resistant to moisture, it cannot be used in bathrooms, bathrooms or kitchens, otherwise it will absorb moisture and become moldy. This will ruin the appearance of the surface and destroy the material itself, which will lead to the need for new repairs.

If you plan to finish the walls in a dry room, then this type of material will be ideal; it fits well on the surface, dries quickly, and makes it easy to work with.

In today's market big choice universal plaster compositions that can be suitable for any premises, but they will differ in their cost.

The cement type of plaster material is highly resistant to humidity, so it can be used both indoors and outdoors; it is used in rooms with high humidity, as well as for finishing basements, corridors or utility rooms that are not heated or are provided with minimal heating.

An excellent option for interior finishing is decorative plaster.

It can be used to treat the surface of walls inside and outside, since the material is resistant to moisture. In addition to various additives, the mixture includes various colors, which can be selected immediately without resorting to further surface treatment. This type of material is characterized by ease of use, antiseptic qualities, the ability to be used in wet rooms, and after finishing, the surface has an attractive appearance.

Thus, when choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account the microclimate of the room, as well as all the features of the plaster composition.

Some mixtures are not suitable for finishing rooms with high humidity. There are a lot on the market modern materials, which allow you to make the surface original, without additional processing.

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DIY wall plaster

Plaster is a finishing material that is a hardening mortar.

How to properly plaster walls

The process of applying plaster consists of several stages.

What is the best way to plaster concrete walls?

To achieve a high-quality result, follow all our recommendations.

Preparing the surface for plaster

First of all, you need to thoroughly clean the surface. If you plaster the ceiling, you need to wash off old whitewash. It is necessary to remove wallpaper, paint, dust and dirt from the walls.

Depending on the base material, it is sometimes necessary to carry out additional preparatory work(fix the shingles, deepen the seams brickwork etc).

For more information about this, read the article Features of plaster different surfaces on our website.

Prime the walls

The primer ensures adhesion of the plaster and strengthens it. For brick walls will do regular primer, for aerated concrete or sand-lime brick It is better to use a deep penetration primer; for a concrete surface, use concrete contact.

Leveling the walls with plaster

Using a level and rules, it is necessary to measure the curvature of the walls and make markings for the beacons.

For more information about this, read the article Leveling walls with plaster according to beacons.

Preparing the solution

Plaster is made from materials such as gypsum, lime or cement.

What material is most suitable for your wall, how to properly prepare the solution, what proportions need to be maintained and much more you will learn by reading the article How to choose plaster and make a mixture.

Applying plaster

Walls should be plastered in 3 stages, or rather in 3 layers:

Spray is the first layer of plaster, the thickness of which does not exceed 5 mm. This layer is more liquid than subsequent ones and penetrates well into small cracks.

Primer is a thicker layer that provides the required thickness of the finish.

Covering - the last layer is no more than 2 mm.

This layer serves for final leveling of the plaster.

How to plaster walls with a spatula

The solution is applied using a trowel (spatula). To apply plaster, it is better to use two spatulas: long and short. Using a short spatula, apply the solution to the long one, and with sharp strokes, throw the solution onto the wall.

After this, you need to apply the rule from bottom to top several times, leveling the solution and removing its excess.

IN last time the rule must be carried out from top to bottom (for final alignment).

Each layer can be applied only after the previous one has completely dried!

Grouting plaster

While the covering layer is still fresh, the plastered surface should be rubbed.

This procedure is performed using a grater. The grater must be pressed tightly against the wall and rotated counterclockwise in a circular motion. After circular grouting, streaks will remain on the surface. To remove them, you need to go through the grater again, as shown in the figure.

Internal wall plastering has been completed.

After the plaster has dried, you can glue wallpaper or perform other final finishing work.

You can learn more about the technology of plastering not only walls, but also slopes, as well as internal and external corners, in our article Plastering slopes and corners.

To be fully informed on this issue, we strongly recommend that you watch various video materials on plastering walls with your own hands.

Plaster serves to level the walls and protect the walls from moisture. At the same time, it is a coating that allows the walls to breathe, to achieve different surface textures to increase the power of thin partitions. The plaster has acoustic insulating properties.

Inserting walls - quite difficult process, but it can still be done manually.

How to draw a wall for plastering work

To apply a coat of fresh plaster, remove the wall and the old plaster from the wall that is not standing on the wall.

If the surface of the wall is smooth, then the chisel is cut or processed with a metal brush. In the wall, we widen the seams to a depth of 1-2 cm. In addition, the surface of the walls is carefully removed from dust (this is possible with a vacuum cleaner).

Before moistening, the walls are moistened.

Cleaning rooms in an apartment: how to choose, characteristics and advantages

If the walls are wooden, they need to use nail plaster. On the walls, it is recommended to touch the guides that will install the plaster plane. All rubbish near the walls is removed, polyethylene film placed on the floor, as part of the solution falls.

When the wall is finished, the plaster may tear badly.

Do not apply gypsum mortar to concrete wall. The plaster and cement react chemically, the plaster expands and breaks down, and the plaster penetrates the concrete wall and destroys it. To prevent this, the wall is treated with a 4 mm thick mortar. Do not mask walls with lime mortar over plaster.

In these places the plaster will be covered with cracks. Care must be taken to close heating elements plaster.

Plaster solution

Ready-made mixtures for plastering walls are sold in stores.

Dilute it with water, strictly following the instructions on the package. If the solution is too thick, it can be reduced to the desired consistency with a little water.

Use plaster

The plaster on the wall is applied by spraying.

The amount of mortar required on this site must be used on the wall. Using a jerking motion of your hand, use the mortar to attach it to the wall and not stick.

If there is no spray, plastering the wall can be done using a shelf.

This method is simpler, but at the same time more labor-intensive. The shelf is made of wood. Its width and height are 12 cm, length 1 m. The solution is installed on a shelf, fits tightly to the guide rails on the wall and slowly rises from bottom to top, shaking the shelf with a small voltage amplitude. The shelf is constantly tilted towards the wall so that the solution can fall onto it.

Flexible plaster

The plaster is used only a few hours after application, when the mortar becomes strong, but it is not fully understood.

If you start cooking prematurely, the plaster from the wall as a whole may be drained, and if it is too late, the plaster will become stiff and cannot be leveled.

Wipe the solution with a special plate measuring 2x12x100 cm, which has two handles. This is called semilater. Half the staff huddles against the wall and we make smooth, circular movements.

The guide beams will prevent you from cutting out more malt than necessary.

24 hours after grouting, the guide rails are removed from the wall, and the grooves are filled with mortar and washed.

If workmanship is preferable, then reinstall the rails and continue disturbing the walls.

Layers of mortar applied once should not exceed 2-3 cm, and if a thicker layer is required, it is applied in several layers 2 cm thick. The interval between laying layers is 2-3 days.

Dry plaster without additional heaters. Otherwise, the solution will decompose and fail.

Shading in the shade

Before you begin to putty the walls, they must be filled.

This will bind dust particles and improve the adhesion of the kits to the plaster. To work you need a wide and narrow spatula. Apply a narrow trowel to a large amount of whales and place it on the wall in one wide motion from the corner to the middle. After each use, excess putty was removed. All layers overlap. When installing the kit in the center of the wall, move the blade from bottom to top and remove excess using smooth semi-circular movements.

The first layer of the set should not exceed a thickness of 0.5 mm to 25 mm. Allow to dry.

The final stage. The surface of the dry first layer is again coated with a primer and the last layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm is applied. They perform tiny cracks and sleek microphone elements. After applying the last layer of stone, the wall receives a smooth surface that requires almost no sanding.

If the wall is ready for painting, then puttying and grinding done in bright side lighting, which reveals the smallest mistakes.

After sanding, the wall is ready for further processing.

Rare construction at home or major renovation apartments can be done without plastering the walls. As a rule, such work is carried out on last stage repair.

After puttying and priming, the surfaces become even and smooth, which allows them to be painted or wallpapered.

If you know the basic rules for applying the mixture, then finishing the walls with your own hands will not become an insurmountable problem.

Why is surface treatment required?

To level walls with large defects, a special solution called plaster is used.

It has a coarse-grained consistency, which allows you to correct unevenness up to five centimeters.

She also has a very important protective function– improvement of thermal insulation and moisture resistance of the lined surface. Both regular and decorative mixtures are available on sale.

The application of this mixture is considered the rough finishing stage. Under no circumstances should you skip this stage of repair, because crooked walls will become very noticeable after painting or wallpapering.

Therefore, it is better to do everything necessary work once, but as it should.

A prerequisite before starting any finishing work is to clean any surface from dirt and construction dust.

If you have to plaster concrete surface, then it is necessary to first treat it with cement laitance.

This liquid cement solution will give the desired roughness and better bond the finishing layer to the surface.

Decorative plaster allows you to apply up to 8 layers, but it is worth considering that their total thickness should not be more than 20 mm.

You cannot apply the next layer of solution until the previous one has dried. If work takes place in the hot season or during high temperature, it is recommended to moisturize periodically work surface to avoid cracks.

Types of plaster mixtures

Exist the following types plasters for wall cladding:

• Dry;
• Wet;
• Stone;
• Colored;
• Terrasite;
• Graffito;
• Venetian.

There is such a thing as “dry”.

In this case, ready-made plasterboard sheets for installation on walls for leveling.

“Wet” is a cladding method that is prepared immediately before application.

Colored decorative plaster contains a dye that gives it a tint.

Stone. The effect of stones is done after the layer has hardened a little. Terrasite is similar to rocks. It is mainly used for finishing facades.

Graffito is a type of artistic cladding that allows you to create various patterns and designs.

Venetian, which is called liquid marble. To achieve this effect, it is necessary to apply many thin layers of the mixture. In this case, the drawing must be done chaotically.

Finish plaster and its types

Blend for finishing different from draft. It has a different texture and makes the walls perfectly smooth. This mixture is intended for repairing small defects or scratches.

If this work is done well, the painting and wallpaper will look great.

Main types of finishing plaster:

• Plaster;
• Cement-sand;
• Acrylic-polymer;
• Cement-lime.

For work in dry conditions interior spaces, for example, when decorating a living room, a gypsum mixture is perfect.

Facade and external walls, as a rule, are finished with a cement-sand mixture, which can withstand moisture and is resistant to different temperatures.

Experts say that it is easiest to work with an acrylic-polymer mixture. Another recommendation from the craftsmen is what composition of the rough layer of plaster; this composition should also be selected when finishing the walls.

Do-it-yourself finishing plaster of walls step by step

First you need to think through and prepare everything necessary tools, which may be needed during the work process.

Decide on the choice of mixtures - starting and finishing.

The next step will be preparing the mortar for the plaster. The prepared solution should be scooped up with a narrow spatula and applied a small amount onto a wide spatula.

This mixture should be applied to the wall in vertical stripes.

How to plaster walls with your own hands

You need to continue working until the solution runs out.

When the area to be treated is tiled, it must be allowed to dry thoroughly.

After the surface has dried, you need to polish the surface. To do this, you can use a special machine or just sandpaper.

The last step is to apply a layer of primer to the polished, smooth walls.

It is important to know that the thickness of the finishing layer should not exceed 3 mm.

From all of the above, we can conclude that finishing plastering the walls with your own hands can be done without much difficulty. The main thing is that you need to approach each stage of the work with full responsibility.

Useful video on the topic:

If, from the selection of tools and materials to the treatment of surfaces with a primer, everything is done according to the rules, then the result will please everyone.

Every master can become a designer of his own house or apartment, you just need to trust your taste and imagination.