Glue for floor tiles: types of glue, recommendations for selection and how to calculate consumption. Which tile adhesive is best for the bathroom? Tile adhesive composition

It is not visible behind the tiles, so its selection is often not given due attention. And this is wrong, because it is thanks to the adhesive mixture that the tile lasts for many years, maintaining its appearance.

Modern manufacturers offer dozens different compositions, the price of which may vary significantly. Therefore, understanding all this variety is not at all easy, but knowing the main types of adhesives and their characteristics, you can easily choose the right product.

The main difference between adhesive mixtures is their composition, they are:

Cement adhesive mixtures for tiles

This is common and accessible view glue, it attracts investors with its low price for large volumes of material. For sale cement mixtures in dry form, so they need to be diluted with water; for inexperienced builders, this task can become a whole challenge. Cement mixtures dry quickly, this fact must be taken into account when working outdoors. The powder compositions are predominantly cement and sand, but modern variations of this glue have various elastic additives that significantly increase the quality and longevity of the material. It is elasticity that is important for the adhesive mixture, because thanks to this quality, the tile will stick well, will not crack and will not fall off due to changes in humidity or temperature. It is better to use cement mixtures for interior work in dry rooms for light loads ceramic tiles.

Epoxy adhesive

This is a two-component adhesive mixture, often also called polyurethane. The peculiarity of this material is that it acquires its qualities only after mixing the ingredients. The mixing stage is very important; you must strictly follow the instructions and observe the proportions so as not to spoil the mixture. Epoxy adhesive has high elasticity and adhesion, it perfect option for laying tiles in . It is an order of magnitude more expensive than cement compounds, but has significantly higher performance:

• moisture resistance
• frost resistance
• elasticity
• strength

This adhesive can be used to work not only with ceramic tiles, but also with porcelain stoneware and natural stone. Make sure that the composition does not get on the surface of the tile, or better yet, always have denatured alcohol on hand, which can quickly remove the adhesive from the surface. Another advantage of this type is the ability to work with imperfectly smooth surfaces. After all, the glue promotes good fixation even with small base errors.

Dispersion adhesive mixtures

These are one-component formulations, which means you do not have to mix the components or dilute the dry mixtures with water, because the glue is sold ready-to-use. Price policy This type of glue is medium, so it is between cement and epoxy mixtures, which is why it has gained its popularity. Dispersion mixtures can rightfully be called universal, because you can work with them both indoors and outdoors. This glue will fix the tiles well on concrete wall or drywall, plaster or even old porcelain tiles. But this material is especially popular when finishing rooms with direct exposure to water:

• bathrooms
• kitchens
• showers
• swimming pools
• saunas, etc.

Changes in humidity and temperature are not a problem for dispersion glue, so you can safely choose it for any finish.

There are other types of adhesive mixtures, but most often they have one of the 3 bases mentioned above, and differ only in auxiliary components. When choosing a mixture, follow the recommendations provided by tile manufacturers or consult with specialists.

Tiles on the floor in some rooms are a very practical option. But quality material It costs a lot and therefore you need to choose high-quality tile adhesive. And price is one of the last criteria. Although it is, of course, important, by saving a little on glue, you can then spend a large amount on replacing the tiles.

You should choose tile adhesive for the floor depending on the base and size/type of tile. The larger and heavier the coating, the greater the strength of the adhesive. Everything is more or less simple here. The description indicates what materials and sizes this composition can be used with. The bases are a little more complicated. You need to look at the type, stability, strength, whether or not it is afraid of moisture. In general, to choose, you need to know the types of tile adhesive. According to the type of binder, they are of three types: cement-based, dispersion and two-component acrylic.

Cement based adhesive

The most popular is cement-based tile adhesive. If you need to lay tiles on a stable base - like concrete slab or - cement compositions are optimal in terms of price-quality ratio. They have a relatively low price and good characteristics. Used for laying tiles, porcelain tiles and mosaics on solid substrates - concrete, .

Compositions are available with installation on thin layer- for flat bases and with curvature - a layer of up to 2.5 cm (LITOFLOOR K66). Thick-layer tile adhesive is not very common. The installation is too expensive. It is cheaper to pre-fill the recesses and cut off the humps. By preparing the base in this way, you can significantly reduce the cost of tile adhesive.

Cement tile adhesive is diluted with water before use. The proportions of glue and water are indicated in the instructions and on the packaging

Quick-drying cement adhesive can be used on prefabricated bases, but after a primer that reduces absorbency. Polymers are added to some compositions to improve or change properties (to increase elasticity). But this is regulated by the manufacturer - where you can, which ones specifically, in what quantities. Cement glue is sold dry; before use, you need to add water and mix.

Cement tile adhesive is one of the most common. Even one manufacturer has a dozen types for sure. How to figure it out? The markings of cement compositions contain numbers. They show the strength of the composition. The higher the number, the higher the strength characteristics. Increased strength is achieved by adding polymers. And the numbers reflect the amount of additives.

For example, consider the popular brands of Ceresit tile adhesive. They have a ruler with the letters SM and different numbers. So here it is. SM11, SM14, SM16 and SM17 - the number of polymers almost doubles from one to the other. To make it clearer: CM16 contains twice as much polymer as CM14. Therefore, CM14 is more “hard” during operation, and its “adhesion” to surfaces is much less than that of CM16. Now it’s clear why the price of glue increases as the “number” increases. The cheapest is CM11, the most expensive in this line is CM 17.

Dispersion glue

Dispersion tile adhesive is good because you can lay both large and small tiles. It is possible to lay porcelain stoneware, natural or artificial stone. Base - concrete, cement, gypsum, plaster, prefabricated bases, gypsum fiber board, heated floors. Allows for a waterproof finish. Sold as a ready-to-use dispersion - in buckets of various capacities.

Dispersion adhesive - clean, strong, waterproof

Floor tiles and porcelain tiles are waterproof materials. But if you lay it on regular cement tile adhesive, water will seep through the seams. In those places where the appearance of puddles is not very likely - in the kitchen, in the hallway - you can save the situation by using waterproof grout.

Where water can stand for a long time - in showers, in wet areas of the bathroom, on the balcony - it is better to use dispersion glue. If you are looking for a moisture resistant adhesive, check out this category. It won't let water through for sure. Dispersion adhesive can be used in showers without a tray, bathrooms, pool lining, and kitchens.

Two-component epoxy adhesive

The hardest thing to find is tile adhesive for wooden surfaces. Good adhesion is needed, and it is also necessary that the composition remains elastic after drying. Wood changes its size due to humidity and temperature. And wooden floors can “walk” under your feet. For such cases, look towards a two-component tile adhesive.

Two-component tile adhesive must be mixed before use.

Epoxy tile adhesive is suitable for laying any type of material on non-traditional substrates, such as plastic, wood. Has increased elasticity and excellent grip. “Tenacity” and elasticity allows you to lay tiles on metal, glass, and tiles. The composition is resistant to vibrations and can be used for cladding stairs and “walking” foundations. The composition does not contain water, so it is recommended for substrates that do not tolerate moisture well. The basis may be wooden floor, plywood, DSP, glass-magnesite sheet and so on.

Types of glue by area of ​​use

The choice of glue must also take into account the operating conditions. Be sure to pay attention to this point. Any composition is suitable for indoor use. But if you need floor glue on seasonal dacha, in a bathhouse, in a gazebo, other objects on the street or in unheated rooms, you also need to pay attention to the temperature range. For such purposes, tile adhesive for external use is suitable.

So, here is what the gradation according to special properties can be:

A few words should be said about specialized tile adhesive. These are compositions with polymer additives that change/improve the properties of cement. For example, glue for floor tiles with improved adhesion is used when laying tiles on smooth substrates. Compounds that remain elastic after drying - for laying tiles on wood, etc. In the bathroom or shower, in the kitchen, increased resistance to moisture is needed. Here you will need to look for moisture-resistant tile adhesive. When laying outdoors - on a porch, terrace, in a gazebo, in an unheated country house - frost resistance will be needed. There are such compositions. In principle, every problem today has a solution. You can find tile adhesive even if you want to lay tile on tile.

The best performing tile adhesive

Choosing the optimal adhesive for laying tiles is another task. On the one hand, you don’t want to be too expensive if you can get away with something cheap. On the other hand, you will save a little due to cheaper glue, but in a couple of years you will have to change the tiles because they “bump” or burst, or some other irreversible processes. Therefore, carefully approach both the choice of manufacturer and the choice of a specific composition. In principle, a normal manufacturer indicates in the description everything that is necessary:

If you look at this information, it will be good. It is important that all conditions are met. Parameters such as the time of working with the mixture and the time of adjusting the position of the tile are also important. They, of course, depend on the thickness of the batch, the humidity in the room, the presence of drafts, but it doesn’t matter what more time for installation, the easier it is. This is very important for beginners.

Layer thickness

On the one hand, a thin layer under the tile is a low consumption, which means less money will be required for glue. But cheap glue is “weaker”, in the sense that it has lower strength. And the weaker the glue, the worse it behaves on a thin layer. So laying floor tiles on a thin layer is only possible with expensive compounds.

The thickness of the tile adhesive layer is selected based on the curvature of the base, but not only

For example, if the glue layer is 2-3 mm, you should take a higher grade of glue. If you are choosing between Ceresit CM 16 and CM 14, 16 is better for a thin layer. If the adhesive layer under the tile is 4 mm or more, you can take CM 14. And it’s not just about Ceresit. This approach continues for other brands: for a thinner layer, use tile adhesive of a higher grade, with a higher high strength.

By tile size

In general, the cheapest glue is taken if the following conditions are met:

• the tiles are laid in a heated room;
• on a concrete or cement base;
• size no more than 250*250 mm;
• no floor heating;
• normal humidity.

If all these conditions are met, you can not worry and take cheap glue. But it’s better to buy a cheap one from a trusted manufacturer (Plitonit, Kreps, Osnovit). It may well happen that after drying the glue can be crumbled with your finger. There are such fakes. If you don’t know whether you can trust a specific composition, before purchasing the entire volume, buy a minimum possible quantity. At home, seal and lay test tiles. During the process, evaluate how easy or difficult it is to work, see how long the mixture will “live” in the container where you mixed it. After drying (the period is indicated on the packaging), evaluate the strength of the composition. If everything suits you, you can purchase the entire batch.

In general, the larger the tile, the stronger the adhesive is needed. For the floor, the “lightest” glue is not used at all. If you look at the description, glue of medium grades and higher is used for laying on the floor. The division is:

All this is true for laying tiles without heating. If you place it on a screed, but with heating, you need a composition with increased elasticity - when cooling/heating, the materials increase and decrease. To prevent the tiles from cracking or rebounding, it is necessary that the adhesive retains its elasticity. Then it compensates for all changes.

On a walking surface, heated floor

As mentioned above, for warm floors or surfaces that have significant thermal or moisture expansion (prefabricated screeds) you need tile adhesive that remains elastic. And, anyway, even with such glue, it is better to use small-sized tiles on the floor. Less chance of it tearing.

For laying on a warm floor or DSP, SML and other similar bases, the following compositions can be used:

That's not all possible options, but these are the ones that have proven themselves to be at least good in use, and are also easy to apply. The list includes both cement-based compositions with polymer additives and dispersion compositions. Different price segments are presented. If your budget is limited, start here. If the budget is not too tight or the amount of work is small, you can choose according technical criteria. Once there are a few left that suit you in all respects, then look at the price.

Over waterproofing and tile on tile

If the base is treated with waterproofing, it is better to use the same brand of glue. This is not necessary, but has a better chance of success. Especially if you have no experience. This way you can be sure that the materials will be compatible.

It is worth observing one more rule - the more polymers in the waterproofing, the higher the grade of tile adhesive should be.

For marble, glass tiles and mosaics

The adhesive for laying marble, mosaic or glass tiles differs in that it is made on the basis of white cement. This component is very expensive, and since the composition also contains additives to increase strength, the price is not entirely reasonable. But other compositions - based on ordinary gray cement - cannot be used, as the color will change.

In general, serious manufacturers all have similar materials. Choose those that are available in your region. And, again, look at the operating conditions, layer thickness, solution viability, etc.

Tile adhesive is a special composition, the main purpose of which is to attach tile products to various vertical and horizontal surfaces. It is not necessary to make a cement adhesive mortar for installing tiles yourself - many specialized compounds are sold in stores that can ensure high-quality installation work.

When selecting adhesive for ceramic tiles or tiles in the bathroom or kitchen, you need to take into account some criteria that will help you choose a good suitable adhesive composition. It is worth highlighting the following most important criteria:

• Type of rough surface. Laying tiles can be done on different surfaces: tiled, plasterboard, concrete, plastered, etc.
• Dimensions of one tile general dimensions treated surface. If the tile products are large, then the adhesive should be chosen with high adhesion, because finishing material It weighs a lot and will create a heavy load.
• Place of work. For bathrooms and bathrooms, it is necessary to choose a waterproof adhesive that can withstand the constant influence of high levels of humidity. If the tiling is done in the hallway, corridor, or kitchen, then you can simply choose a good adhesive for installing tiles that does not have high moisture-resistant properties.
• Installation method. If you will be laying the tiles yourself, then it is recommended to buy adhesive mixtures that will not dry quickly, giving the installer the opportunity to correct any imperfections in the finish. When carrying out work by professionals, you can choose high-quality quick-drying mixtures.

Important! It is not recommended to use universal glue and mixtures designed to work with different materials. It is recommended to select a specialized waterproof adhesive for floor tiles. These types of adhesives for floor tiles will last much longer than their universal counterparts, and will also be able to provide better fastening of products to the floor and wall surfaces.

If we talk about what kind of adhesive you can choose for tiles, ceramic products, tiles, it is worth highlighting several types of mixtures. To carry out these works, cement, dispersion, elastic, epoxy mortars are usually used.

Cement

The basis of such adhesives for floors or walls in the kitchen, bathroom, and hallway is ordinary cement. Such products are inexpensive and sold in powder form. Therefore, the dry mixture must be mixed with water before use.

When choosing a cement composition, you need to look at the packaging, which should be marked: “tile adhesive.” The mixture can be thin-layer (for perfectly level surfaces) or thick-layer (for uneven surfaces).

Dispersive

When choosing a dispersion adhesive for floor tiles, you can count on a high level of adhesion of finishing materials. The composition is represented by a mixture of acrylic materials with binders and synthetic resin substances.

Therefore, it is best to choose it for plasterboard, varnished, painted surfaces, for walls and floors with old decoration, which cannot be removed. The dispersion type of adhesive is not suitable for concrete coatings.

Related article: Glue for fiberglass: choice, rules of application

TO important advantages dispersion mixtures include:

• Cleanliness and order when carrying out finishing work (when compared with cement analogues).
• There is no need to prepare ready-made moisture-resistant adhesive for tiles in the kitchen or on the bathroom floor with your own hands.
• Hardening takes quite a long time, so it is possible to adjust the location of the tiles after applying the adhesive.

Elastic

Elastic types of adhesives for laying tiles and ceramics are suitable for interior work and for surfaces that lack moisture absorption characteristics, for moving structures. Elastic compounds are an excellent solution for cladding floor coverings With " warm floors", because the applied adhesive solution will be resistant to thermal expansion and contraction.

Epoxy

You should not give preference to epoxy adhesive for tiles in the bathroom or kitchen, because... Such compositions are not chosen for residential premises. Epoxy mixtures are much more expensive than previous analogues. It is also difficult to work with them without the proper skills and experience. For example, when laying epoxy tile adhesive, it is necessary to adhere to strict temperature regime, and when mixing the mixture, strictly monitor the proportions.

Epoxy compounds are used to carry out work in:

• Saunas.
• Swimming pools.
• Baths.
• Utility premises.

When using epoxy glue, dampness in wet areas is not important because it is 100% waterproof. Using it, it is possible to lay tile materials on different types surfaces.

Consistency

It is difficult to say which adhesive for bathroom tiles will be better, because in some cases the adhesive composition must be selected individually, taking into account the conditions of work and operation of the material. Compositions sold in stores may have different consistencies:

• Liquid. Mixtures in the form of a paste that are ready for use immediately after opening the package - the consumer does not need to knead or mix anything. Convenient for all those who want ready-made adhesive for bathroom tiles. The main disadvantage of such products is the high price (when compared with dry formulations). Separately, it is worth noting the “liquid nails” compositions. These types of glue cannot be used for laying ceramic tiles in the bathroom - only for repairing and restoring individual finishing elements.
• Dry. Traditional dry mixes must be mixed before use in accordance with the instructions on the package. Such products are inexpensive and suitable for laying tiles on uneven and poorly leveled surfaces.

Special properties

Tile types of adhesives for bathrooms have different characteristics; they glue tiles in different ways, so when choosing them, it is necessary to take into account the presence of special properties. Most often seen the following characteristics for adhesive mixtures:

• Quick drying. Such compositions, as the name implies, dry fairly quickly - the laid material can be used within 2-3 hours after completion of the work. This tile adhesive is waterproof and frost-resistant, but can only be used for finishing work on simple, flat, stationary surfaces. Quick-drying compositions are presented in the form of dry mixtures. You should pay attention to the following brands: Ivsil Express, Knauf Schnell Kleber.
• Frost-resistant. This type of tile adhesive for bathrooms and kitchens is sold in the form of a dry composition, so it is easy to store and transport. 100% retains its working properties at low positive and negative temperatures. Suitable for use in country houses and summer cottages. The most popular brands include: Ceresit Bautechnik, Kreisel MULTI 102, Knauf HP Start.

Related article: The best glue for wood - manufacturers and selection tips

• Heat resistant. An excellent adhesive option for bathroom tiles, as well as for finishing surfaces that will heat up during operation (warm floors, fireplaces, stoves, etc.). The applied composition is able to withstand high operating temperatures - up to 110-120 o C. At the top of the rating of heat-resistant tile adhesive are the following brands: Webervetonit RF, Ceresit CM 17, IVSIL EXPRESS, FEROZIT-108.

• Acid resistant. Not everyone knows how to choose an adhesive for laying tiles that will be used in an aggressive environment. In this case, preference should be given to acid-resistant adhesive compositions, which are used if the material will be exposed to various chemicals.
• Water resistant. A tile adhesive is called waterproof if it is waterproof and inert to liquids. Such adhesive compositions are the best option for finishing work in bathrooms, toilets, kitchens, hallways, as well as in any other rooms and places where tile products are exposed to high humidity and liquid. Special attention deserve trademarks: Ceresit CM 17, Pobedit Pool TM-16. If we talk about which tile adhesive will be better for the bathroom, then it is worth highlighting waterproof compounds. Their only drawback is their high price (when compared with conventional liquid and dry mixtures for laying tiles and ceramics).

• Universal. Choosing a universal adhesive for bathroom tiles is a rather controversial decision. This is a ready-made adhesive for bathroom tiles, which has very limited characteristics. For example, it cannot be used in rooms with high humidity, porcelain stoneware products cannot be laid on it, and it cannot be used if the room has heated floors. Universal glue is selected if it is intended to be used under average operating conditions.

How to calculate glue consumption?

In the store you can find different shades of tile adhesive: white, gray, transparent, dark, etc. Color does not affect the consumption of the adhesive composition in any way. To find out the approximate consumption of the mixture, you need to inspect the packaging, although the manufacturer’s instructions give very average figures.

The total consumption of finished adhesive for bathroom tiles is influenced by the following factors:

1. A type of adhesive composition. Different kinds glues have different consumption. For example, cement compositions that must be diluted with water are consumed in quantities of 1.4 to 2 kg per m 2. For epoxy mixtures, the consumption is much lower, while for dispersion mixtures it is usually higher.
2. Features of laid tiles. If you glue porcelain tiles, the glue consumption will be minimal. When working with glazed products it will increase, and when using tiles self made and will be the maximum. Therefore, packs and packages with glue for porcelain tiles are usually smaller in size and volume.
3. Type of surface to be finished. If the surface is perfectly flat, then the glued tile will stick to minimum quantity glue. If there are defects and irregularities on the surface that need to be hidden, then the consumption of the adhesive composition can increase 2-3 times.
4. Temperature conditions. When carrying out finishing work in optimal temperature conditions(from +15 to +23 degrees) the consumption of the tile adhesive composition will be minimal. If high temperature Moisture will rapidly evaporate from the finished solution, so the consumption will increase proportionally.
5. Work technology and layer skills. If finishing work is carried out by professionals, then the consumption will be insignificant - within normal limits. At independent execution work consumption will increase.

Related article: Adhesive for foam blocks - best manufacturers, method of application

Popular manufacturers

Present on the market different manufacturers tile adhesive. In this case, we can highlight several of the most popular brands.

"Eunice"

One of Knauf's main competitors. “Yunis” adhesive mixtures have high adhesive parameters, quick drying after application, frost resistance, and resistance to 100% indoor humidity. They can be used to finish heated and cooled surfaces. Approximate consumption is from 3 to 4.5 kg/m2. Cost – up to 300 rubles per package.

"Mastplix"

An ideal option for a tile adhesive composition if the surface to be finished is not even. Mastiplax adhesive is recommended to be used if there are uneven surfaces that need to be eliminated and the tiles can be laid successfully. Mastiplax mixtures are suitable for laying ceramics, porcelain stoneware, artificial and natural stone. Cost - about 280-290 rubles per package.

Ceresit

One of the most famous manufacturers of various adhesive compositions in the CIS. The company sells the mixture for laying tiles at a price of no more than 250 rubles per package, so it can be considered inexpensive. Ceresi is suitable for working with uneven surfaces. After application, the compositions will quickly set, preventing the tile products from slipping. Can be used without restrictions in domestic and residential premises.

Knauf

Adhesive compositions for tile materials from the Knauf company are considered one of the best on the market. One package of such a product will cost 250-270 rubles. These are German quality products, which are used for installing tiles on walls and floors (regardless of the structure and type of surface). The mixture dries slowly, so work can be done slowly. Knauf compositions are characterized by increased strength, water resistance, and elasticity.

Ivsil Mosaik

Quite an expensive adhesive for tiles. This is a tile adhesive with pronounced white, which has high adhesion strength to the surface. It can be used indoors and outdoors. Suitable for mounting tile material, natural stone. Can be used for finishing work in any wet areas (swimming pools, baths, saunas, bathrooms, etc.). Cost - about 400-500 rubles per package.

It is also worth paying attention to the brands Litoflex, Bergauf Mosaik, Mira Super Fix, Sopro, Keraflex Maxi. Considering the variety of products, it is difficult to say which tile adhesive is better. But experts note the brands Knauf, Ceresit and Unis.

Tile adhesive (2 videos)

Types of tile adhesive (17 photos)

If you bought the most trendy tiles for a bathroom or bathhouse, without a high-quality adhesive, the end result may disappoint you. Modern retail outlets offer an abundance of domestically produced adhesives, as well as imported ones. However, it is not very easy to navigate. Let's find out what glue to use to glue ceramic tiles.

Properties of the adhesive composition

When choosing a composition for decorative tiles should know it useful characteristics. If the composition does not meet the listed requirements, you should not buy it under any circumstances. After all, in this case, no one can guarantee that the tile will hold on and not fall off quickly. So, pay attention to:

1. Plastic. This figure should be moderate. If the composition spreads excessively, then you will not be able to make a suitable layer. The flexibility of the glue should not change, regardless of whether you made it thick or thin.
2. Increased spreadability. When selecting adhesive for ceramic floor tiles, remember that when applied it must be able to fill all voids. Otherwise, the tile will simply fall off or break if something with a lot of weight falls on it.
3. High adhesion characteristics. Simply put, the glue must hold material of any weight. It's good if this property is complemented by the speed of adhesion to surfaces. When laying large-sized porcelain tiles it will also be relevant.
4. Lack of rapid water release. You should always be able to correct tiles that are not attached correctly during work. Please note that the glue should dry slowly. This way it will gain the highest strength.

Composition of adhesive for laying tiles

Considering the composition, the types of adhesives for ceramic tiles are as follows:

• Cement-based adhesives. Due to its reasonable price, the most popular glue is one that contains cement and sand. In addition, it contains small amounts polymer additives. They increase the characteristics of the adhesive - its plasticity, water resistance, deformation range and adhesion of the tile to the facing surface. All components are hypoallergenic. The glue is sold in a dry consistency, which during work is diluted with water to a viscous substance.
• Dispersion adhesives. This composition has a higher price, but its consumption is almost half as much. It has increased adhesion properties to the surface, so the composition is used when attaching tiles to non-standard material: wood, plastic, metal surface, drywall sheets prone to bending and vertical surfaces and even on a slippery wall. There is no need to prime or sand the base. Dispersion adhesives for ceramic tiles are sold ready for further use.
• Epoxy adhesives. This substance is multicomponent; before the process of gluing the tiles, a catalyst is introduced into it, which is packaged in separate containers. However, before using the substance, remember that it does not forgive mistakes and requires skill and scrupulousness. If, for example, glue gets on the finishing material, it should be removed immediately, because it will harden, turning into a very durable substance. And it is almost impossible to eliminate it. Epoxy adhesive is of excellent quality for use outdoors and in rooms with high humidity. It does not react to exposure to alkalis and solvents.
• Liquid Nails. This adhesive composition is relatively new. As a rule, it contains polymers with synthetic rubber. Liquid nails based on neoprene are characterized by increased strength, they are toxic, and they also have a nasty smell. And the harmless glue on water based not suitable for use in a bathroom or bathhouse. After all, it is not moisture resistant. Thus, it is advisable to attach ceramic tiles with liquid nails only when carrying out restoration repairs, or if several mosaic fragments or small tiles have fallen off.

Types of adhesive for ceramic tiles

According to international classifications, ceramic tile adhesives are divided into the following groups:

1. Adhesive for interior work. This composition is the cheapest and is intended for attaching tiles to walls. household premises. Such a substance contains few additives of all kinds that are responsible for improving its functional properties. However, ceramic tile adhesive glues standard tiles to concrete and brick bases quite well. The main thing is that the glue is not affected by temperature changes, as well as high humidity.
2. High-hold adhesive. Similar composition is different high level adhesion and strength. Since it can withstand significant tensile loads, it can be used under significant dynamic loads, high temperatures, for fastening material to old surface, for example, painted, or other cladding (provided that it is held firmly). Excellent when using stone and large format tiles.
3. Universal glue. The standard composition has this name because almost all tilers use it when fixing tiles outside and inside the house. However, this substance is designed for standard conditions. Operation where there are temperature fluctuations, high humidity or increased loads is not advisable. In addition, you should not use it to glue tiles with dimensions larger than 30x30cm.
4. Adhesive for floor tiles. It differs from others in the large percentage of plasticizer present. Therefore, when laying tiles on the floor, the solution is able to fill all the voids. But it is not suitable for walls, otherwise the tiles will float. In other respects, the glue is comparable to standard glue.
5. Moisture-repellent adhesive. This composition is indispensable for use in the bathroom, bathhouse, when tiling porches, fountains, and pools. This adhesive has increased fixation with the addition of a modifier, which is responsible for its hydrophobic properties. It is not cheap, so as an option, when laying tiles, you can use a compound with increased fixation, and then grout the seams with a water-repellent mixture.
6. Specialized compounds. For example, this also includes heat-resistant adhesive for ceramic tiles - for lining stoves and fireplaces. White compounds are recommended to be used when laying translucent tiles, as well as marble and mosaics. In addition, frost-resistant adhesives for open balconies are available for sale.

Criteria for choosing adhesive for tiles

When choosing an adhesive composition for cladding with decorative tiles, it is recommended to take into account certain criteria. There are only three global nuances. Let's take a closer look at them:

• Terms of Use. Take into account exactly where the tiles will be laid. When working in the kitchen, buy glue that is intended for indoor work; it will also work universal option, including for floor coverings. For the bathroom it is worth choosing a more serious substance - with water-repellent properties. However, you can always use a universal compound with a special grout for joints. For a pool you need a water-repellent adhesive for a porch, and a frost-resistant adhesive for ceramic tiles for a porch.
• Characteristics of the base. When choosing an adhesive for decorative tiles, take into account the properties of the composition for adhesion to a particular material. For example, it is not advisable to use dry cement mixtures for covering OSB floors. Simple bases are all solid and cannot be deformed. These include brick, concrete, sand and cement screeds, cellular concrete. Complex ones - plastic, glass, metal and plasterboard, already tiled surfaces, a base that is easily deformed and subject to vibration. When tiling with small tiles simple reasons in a dry room it is worth buying glue whose adhesion coefficient is ~0.2-0.5 MPa. Facing complex surfaces requires adhesion of 1 MPa or more.
• Dimensions facing tiles. Remember: manufacturers claim that what larger sizes has tiles, it is worth choosing a stronger adhesive. First of all, this rule concerns the procedure for wall cladding, although usually large tiles are not used in this case. But when attaching floor tiles, you can also buy a universal composition, because the material will adhere well to it.

Ready and dry mixes

When choosing adhesive for facing tiles, you should know that the compositions are produced in dry form (sold in bags) and ready-made (in buckets). How do these substances differ from each other? All dry mixes have a cement base, ready-made mixes have a polyurethane base. This difference also affects the final cost of the product - the composition varies polyurethane based will cost you more.

At the same time, dry mixtures have significant advantages over ready-made ones:

• The dry composition allows you to attach the tiles to walls of any curvature. It can be used to level walls without additional plastering of the surface. But polyurethane adhesive for ceramic tiles requires ideal smooth walls or floor, but is great for mosaic tiling.
• The price of the adhesive is lower. The difference is noticeable when purchasing the same volume of one and the other mixture.
• When analyzing the qualities of both compositions, it can be argued that both do their job perfectly. Polyurethane glue will last almost forever, dry - no more than 50 years. But if you get tired of tiles, those laid with cement-based adhesive can be removed faster, because the dry composition is easier to dismantle (for example, using a hammer drill). But polyurethane can only be removed together with the base.

Manufacturers of decorative tiles

The demand for dry tile adhesives is significant, so many companies have emerged that produce such compositions. Let's look at the most famous:

1. The adhesive composition is regular, reinforced, and also with accelerated fixation. The most popular brands: Polimin P-9, P-12, P-14, P-16, P-22; Siltek T-80, T-81, Moment; adhesive for ceramic tiles Ceresit CM 11, CM 12, CM 17; Master Standard and Normal.
2. Hot-melt adhesive, which is intended for stoves and fireplaces (-300-+1600 degrees): Master Flex, Polimin P-11, Siltek T-84.
3. Glue for open balconies and terraces, swimming pools, fountains, porches, water-heated floors and for fastening in rooms exposed to humidity: Polimin P-24, P-25; Ceresit CM 17, Siltek T-84.
4. Express glue, which serves for quick fixation: Polimin P-16, Ceresit CM 14.
5. Adhesive for gluing mosaics, light-colored tiles and those made of marble: Master Crystal, Ceresit CM 115, Siltek T-82, Polimin P-23.
6. Stone adhesive, whether artificial or natural material: Elastic moment; Master Stonefix; Ceresit CM 117; Polimin P-14, P-22; Siltek T-81.

No matter what happens, you simply have to choose best glue for ceramic tiles, because the quality of adhesion of facing tiles and the durability of the finish depend on this. If you are planning to work using universal glue, then do not rush, but think through everything in more detail, since it also has a limit to its capabilities. Especially - in what room the work is to be done, what are the characteristics of the foundation.

There are more tile adhesives from various manufacturers on the building materials market than is needed. Moreover, everyone advertises their own product and reasonably criticizes competitive products, so it’s hard to decide.

Let’s say right away that there is no definite answer as to which glue for ceramics is better, but using a few simple and understandable tips you can choose the best option for you.

In this article we will reveal: what to look for when choosing tile adhesive and how to use it.

Ready mix or dry powders?

In construction stores you will find both dry cement-based powder adhesives and ready-made epoxy or polymer mixtures. In most cases, powdered adhesives are suitable, which then need to be diluted in accordance with the instructions.

Dispersion adhesive for ceramic tiles is presented in the form of a paste-like ready-made mixture. The glue dries for a long time, it is perfect for cladding complex substrates.

Two-component mixtures are often used for laying ceramic tiles; they are produced on an epoxy or polyurethane basis; they will cope with any complex base, ensure durability and water resistance, despite mechanical stress, temperature changes or vibration.

Other advantages of ready-made mixtures include the absence of dust and noise, as well as saving time, but there are also disadvantages.

Due to its high cost ready-made mixtures rational to use for small volumes of work, when there is no time for self-cooking glue or not necessary tool, for example, a mixer or a hammer drill with an attachment.

Characteristics of a good tile adhesive

Powder adhesives are made on a cement base, to which sand screenings and various modifiers are also added. Depending on the type and amount of modifying additives, the finished solution acquires different properties, for example, increased frost resistance or heat resistance.

Modern tile adhesives have:

• High adhesion, which ensures reliable bonding of the tile to the surface.
• Plasticity, which simplifies working with the mixture. For installation wall tiles You need moderate plasticity, because otherwise the glue will simply spread and you won’t be able to stick anything to it. To lay tiles on the floor, mixtures with high plasticity are used so that
• Low hydrophobicity, so that the lining in the bathroom or on the work wall in the kitchen will not be afraid of moisture and water.
• Heat resistance, which is determined by the brand of building material.

note

You can find out about the technical characteristics of a particular product by deciphering the symbols on the product packaging.

How to choose glue for ordinary ceramics?

Tile adhesive is selected individually based on your needs and requests. The standard classification, which is used internationally, divides all mixtures into five groups.

Adhesive for interior work

The cheapest mixtures compared to other types. Used for cladding domestic premises.

Given that correct installation and care of the cladding, a small amount of modifying additives will be sufficient for high adhesion and durable coating. If there are no temperature changes and high humidity, the coating can last quite a long time.

Increased hold

If the surface is subject to mechanical stress or there is high humidity in the room, such mixtures will be required. Increased fixation is required if the cladding will be carried out with large-format tiles.

It weighs more, and together with tile adhesive it can put a greater load on the base. So you need to make sure there is good adhesion.

Ceramic tile adhesives with increased hold are suitable when you need to lay tiles on old tiles. The main thing is that the old coating holds securely and does not lag behind.

Universal mixtures

They are used for both internal and external work, which is why they are very popular.

Ideal for working with ceramics in popular formats, such as 20x30 or 30x30. But it is not recommended to use for thicker and heavier porcelain tiles or large formats.

Moisture resistant glue

Modifying additives have endowed the solution with hydrophobicity, which allows it to be used for lining fountains, swimming pools and other coatings where there is high humidity.

Flooring adhesive

It has greater plasticity, so it fills all unevenness well and spreads over the surface. This ensures good adhesion and reliable grip.

How to choose the right adhesive for porcelain tiles?

The old old-fashioned method of laying with regular mortar will not work here. Porcelain tiles have low porosity and practically do not absorb water, so cement mortar simply will not be able to provide the necessary adhesion.

Details about existing adhesive compositions and their properties from UNIS experts

What to consider when choosing a glue?

If you plan to work outdoors, then choose tile adhesive for exterior use. It will have the necessary frost resistance and water resistance to ensure a durable cladding.

Find the designation F on the packaging; it characterizes the frost resistance of the material. And the number next to the letter F means the number of cycles. The more cycles, the better.

• To lay porcelain tiles on stoves or fireplaces, a brand of adhesive with increased heat resistance is required. This effect is achieved using special modifiers.
• Wanted special adhesives for installing tiles on heated floors. They should have greater elasticity and not shrink. Temperature changes can cause shrinkage, and shrinkage will lead to deformation of the cladding, for example, to cracks and chips. High-quality glue will help avoid this.
• Time for adjustment and complete hardening of the glue. This indicator is always different, so you should pay attention to several points. To install wall tiles, you need moderate plasticity, because otherwise the glue will simply spread and nothing can be glued to it.

To lay tiles on the floor, mixtures with high plasticity are used so that the glue fills all the irregularities, pores and spreads well over the base.

Consider the timing of the work; if you cannot wait a day or two for the glue to completely harden, then buy quick-hardening compounds.

Adjustment time – important indicator, which should be taken into account. If the surface on which the tiles will be laid quickly attracts moisture, then buy an adhesive that dries and hardens slowly. Surfaces such as brickwork or gas block quickly attract moisture.

note

If you work outdoors and you have to cladding a facade or plinth at temperatures above 15 degrees, then buy glue with a long hardening period.

How to calculate how much glue is needed?

There are several factors to consider when purchasing:

1. glue consumption for 1 m² of tiles;
2. tile adhesive manufacturer;
3. cost of goods.

You should not save on tile adhesive, because the reliability and durability of the cladding depends on the quality of the material. Buy products from manufacturers that everyone knows about. Do not buy cheap but unknown options; remember that the miser pays twice.

Watch the comparison video various compositions tile adhesive consumption per 1 m²

Well-known and trustworthy manufacturers include Ceresit, Knauf and others. Glue consumption for 1 m2 depends on various factors. The bags and packages of tile adhesive indicate specifications and consumption per 1 m².

Important: the consumption is indicated based on the calculation of a perfectly flat and prepared surface when the tiles are laid under the comb. If the tiles are laid on a layer, the consumption will be many times greater.

Calculate how much square meters you need to tile it and proceed from the consumption per 1 m2 of the material you have chosen. This is how you get required amount tile adhesive.

Always need to buy Construction Materials with a small reserve, which is needed for force majeure and unexpectedly extended repairs. Buy 10% more of the required quantity.

The following will help minimize glue consumption:

1. Surface preparation, which includes leveling and priming. If there are differences on the wall, it is better to knock it down old plaster, remove the paint and re-plaster the surface according to the beacons. A flat plane will ensure easy and fast work and will reduce the cost of glue, which is more expensive than a conventional solution. The primer will reduce moisture absorption, so that the surface will not draw moisture from the glue and less of it will be needed.
2. Using good tools. A notched trowel is an indispensable tool when laying tiles. The thickness of the glue is adjusted, and excess is removed, thus filling all the voids.
3. Craftsmen always spend less, because they work quickly and professionally. Beginners do not need to mix a lot of glue, but take into account its plasticity and adjustment time. If you mix a large bucket of glue, then you need to have time to work it out. Also, do not apply glue over a large area. It is better to apply one or two tiles to the area, and then move on.

In addition to purchasing tile adhesive, you need to think about grout for the joints. Adhesives and sealants from the manufacturer Mapei are becoming increasingly popular.

They are highly durable and also cope well with moisture and household chemicals. Fungi or mold do not appear in such seams.

Bottom line

When choosing a tile adhesive, determine exactly what results and goals you want to achieve. Will the work be done outside or inside the house? Is increased fixation needed?

The technical specifications are indicated on the packaging with the material, which will allow you to get an idea of ​​​​the properties of the adhesive.
By applying the knowledge gained, you will be able to choose best option for myself.