Features of repairing the external walls of a private house - from plaster to siding. Facade work Painting and plastering

Timely repair of the cottage facade helps prevent the process of destruction external walls buildings, enhance thermal insulation characteristics and give it aesthetic appeal. But, achieving such a result on your own is very difficult, since to perform high-quality repair work must be possessed special knowledge and skills.

Major and cosmetic repairs

Taking into account the nature and area of ​​damage to the walls, there are two types of repairs to the facade of a private house:

• cosmetic. Performed when minor cracks appear and includes restoration upper layers or areas of facade finishing, without interfering with the structure and texture of the external walls of the building;
• capital. Designed to repair damage total area which constitutes at least 30% of the entire facade. In addition to caulking and sealing seams, during major repairs waterproofing of walls, replacement of windows, etc. can be carried out.

Regular cosmetic repairs will avoid increasing the area of ​​damage to the walls and delay the need for major repairs.

The cost of repairing the facade of a private house

How is the façade repaired?

Repair work on the facade of a private house includes 3 main stages:

• Preparatory. At this stage, the old facade finishing is removed and the surface of the walls is cleaned.
• Restorative. Includes work on leveling walls and sealing cracks. First, the cracks are widened and cleaned of dust, after which they begin priming the working surface of the facade. If necessary, the walls are plastered.
• Finishing, where the façade is faced with finishing materials. The most affordable option is painting the walls. The most expensive options include tiling or stone finishing.

At the customer's request, ebbs and gutters located on the walls can be repaired country house, as well as during the repair carried out additional work for facade insulation, replacement of cornices.

Company offer

Want to high-quality repairs facade of a private house in Moscow for short time and by affordable price? Then contact the specialists of the Alfacom company. We will complete work of any complexity quickly and with guaranteed impeccable quality. Our company is ready to provide both cosmetic and major repairs to the facades of cottages of various heights using only modern, safe materials and technologies.

In addition to the aesthetic component, the technical condition of the facade determines temperature regime inside the building. The costs of any most unfavorable climatic conditions are minimized by high-quality execution of façade measures.

Facade finishing is a complex of specific construction services performed by a facade company. These include examination of defects and technical condition construction, cleaning, repair operations. Timely and professional cladding will preserve the attractive image of any building for a long time.

Installation of ventilated facades using curtain panels or siding is one of the most common methods of insulation. Insulation, which uses mineral or basalt wool(less often - polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam) are installed under the panels.

The layers of a ventilation façade look like this: load-bearing wall, insulation, air space and protective layer, that is, cladding. This arrangement of layers in the structure as their thermal conductivity decreases is the most optimal. Vapor permeability resistance increases from the outer to the inner layer. Ventilated façade is fundamentally different from other methods due to the air gap, which removes atmospheric and concentrated indoor moisture. It acts as a buffer in which the air temperature is higher than on the outside of the walls. Such work can be carried out at any time of the year, and no preliminary leveling of the walls themselves is required. According to experts, depending on the materials used, the first repair may be required no earlier than 25 or even 50 years.

Facade construction with siding is carried out using lathing. Here they use bars measuring at least 40x40 cm or a galvanized profile 50-80 cm. When calculating the size of the sheathing, the thickness of the insulation is taken into account, as well as a 20 mm gap for air ventilation. The pitch of the sheathing is chosen so that the insulation is laid with a slight compaction without trimming. When purchasing material for insulation, keep in mind that its total area should exceed the total area of ​​the facade by approximately 5%. The waterproofing is attached with an overlap of 10 cm in the direction from bottom to top. Siding is a fairly durable material that is also resistant to temperature changes and precipitation.

In addition to vinyl and steel siding, block house, facing brick, porcelain tile, etc. are also used for cladding a house.

One of the popular facing materials steel three-layer sandwich panels. Here the top and bottom layers are rigid aluminum sheets, and the intermediate layer is polyethylene. All parts are fastened together by hot pressing. Sandwich panels can have either a smooth or corrugated surface. This material is quite lightweight, so it is recommended for use where it is undesirable to increase the load on the foundation.

The so-called “wet” facade is another method of insulation. It begins with the insulation being placed on top of the glue, followed by a reinforcing layer, and structural plaster. In order for wet installation to hold as firmly as possible, it is also necessary to use a primer. It improves adhesion to the polymer-cement adhesive base and strengthens the wall surface. You will also need a base profile that serves as a support for the insulation and ebb. To protect against accidental damage to the corners, special perforated corners are used. The thickness of the insulation itself is selected individually and is 20-150 mm. Installation starts from the corner. The insulation board is coated with a thick layer of glue along the edges, and it is applied pointwise in the middle. After drying, additional fastening is carried out using dowels - umbrellas. Their number is calculated to be approximately 6-7 per 1 m2 of wall. Facade fiberglass mesh with a density of 140-160g/m2 is used as a reinforcing material. Apply along the grid decorative plaster. If necessary, the plaster is painted in at least two layers.

Types of facades

Regardless of which method of constructing the facade is chosen, sooner or later it will require one or more types of work. These include:

• Sealing seams is a set of measures aimed primarily at quickly insulating the facade and extending it performance characteristics without the need for a complete overhaul. For this purpose, the interpanel joints are finished, gaps and cracks are eliminated.
• Restoration is a concept that implies prevention, renewal and preservation appearance building. Such facade finishing is considered quite voluminous and labor-intensive. Restoration work on the facade requires a highly professional approach, especially when it comes to buildings of historical and cultural significance.
• Hydrophobization is one of the most pressing tasks, since it helps protect the facade from various damage associated with exposure to precipitation and temperature changes. During such work, the outside walls of the building are treated with a special protective solution that prevents salt from escaping.
• Washing is a process that façade builders perform most often; embassy washing will allow you to update the appearance of a building in the shortest possible time. However, such work is considered quite dangerous, since it is often carried out at heights. In this regard, they must be trusted to experienced specialists who will not only strictly adhere to necessary measures safety, but will also quickly identify suitable cleaning agents and detergents.
• Repair and finishing work, implying a wide range of measures - from improving individual elements of the building to overhauling the entire structure.

In addition to its main purpose, most of the types of work mentioned can also be aimed at solving problems in the field of energy saving. Modern technologies and building materials are successfully used here.

Features of the event

Today there is a wide variety of facing materials to suit every taste and budget. Almost all of them have good performance characteristics.

However, in terms of installation, there are still some features and differences that are worth paying attention to. Arrangement of facades from:

• Metal cassettes are made based on design features this material. There are metal cassettes of open and closed type.

In the first case, fastening occurs by gradually laying the material on vertical racks frame. Here you need to pay attention to the fact that the side shelves of the next panels overlap the previous ones. According to the standards, the entry depth should be no more than 2.5 cm, and the fastener installation step should be 20-25 cm. Since when installing open-type panels, all their fastening points are in sight, it is recommended to select fasteners the same color as the cladding material itself.

Closed-type installation is carried out by screwing screws on the upper part of the panel to the sheathing, and its lower edge is secured to the panel located in the bottom row. Only very thin cassettes are suitable for such work; the place of their fixation is hidden.

The facade, made of metal cassettes, has a rather attractive futuristic appearance, and it is also considered quite durable.

• Porcelain tiles are produced in several stages, the first of which is preparatory work, consisting in marking and fencing the territory, ensuring a convenient location and accessibility of materials and equipment used during installation. Next stage– marking. The installation locations of the carriers and support brackets and fastening profiles. This is followed by the installation of brackets. To do this, you need to drill the corresponding holes in the wall with a hammer drill, install a paronite gasket, and then install the supporting brackets using dowels and a screwdriver. Next, thermal insulation and protection from wind and water are installed. Insulation boards are installed in a checkerboard pattern from bottom to top. Upon completion, holes are drilled through the wind-waterproof film and insulation boards for disc-shaped dowels. The fifth stage is the installation of vertical guide profiles and fire shutoffs. To minimize deformations due to temperature changes between adjacent profiles, it is recommended to leave a gap of 8-10 mm wide. Final stage– execution of cladding with porcelain stoneware slabs.

The porcelain stoneware façade is characterized by high degree fire safety, frost resistance and is able to maintain its original appearance for a long time, despite the vagaries of the weather.

• Fiber cement panels, which are based on ventilated-type hinged facades. This design consists of a frame and cladding, which are installed on the outside of the building. At the first stage, brackets are installed, which are screwed to the wall using dowels or anchors.

Next, a layer of thermal insulation is laid (mineral wool or thermal insulation board), the thickness of which should be 10-15 mm. After which you can begin installing the system of profiles and guides. The main vertical profiles are laid out in the shape of the letter P, and the additional ones - in Z- and L-shaped zigzags.

The final stage is the installation of fiber cement panels. As a result of such work, a small gap is formed between the frame and the cladding, allowing air masses to move freely.

Such a facade not only looks stylish and modern, provides an acceptable temperature regime indoors, but is also very
effectively protects the building from the damaging effects of the environment.

• A natural stone requires careful and attentive preparation. This is due to the fact that such finishing material must be laid only on a clean and flat surface without chips, depressions, oil stains and paint. Before finishing the wall, the stone should first be laid on the ground to form a pattern. Then glue is applied to it or cement mortar. After this, the material is pressed against the wall. The final stage is jointing, which involves filling the space between the stones.

In order for the stone façade to acquire more beautiful view, and was also protected from the negative effects of precipitation; after the solution has dried, it must be treated with a water-repellent liquid.

• Clinker tiles begins with preparing the base. Surfaces are leveled using plaster and putty, impregnated with primer and primer. The clinker is glued only to a completely dry base, so you need to wait for it to dry and not carry out work during even light rain. Marking must be done - starting from the top window slopes, carried out horizontal stripes(it is necessary to make a small 3-5 mm overlap for quality finishing upper slope). Next, a solution is prepared from a special adhesive composition, which is applied to the wall with a notched trowel. After this, the tiles are laid on inner side in which the prepared solution is also applied using a regular spatula. The recommended joint width is from 10 mm to 14 mm. For ease of installation and finishing, some manufacturers produce special corner tiles; otherwise, trim the edges of the cladding using a grinder or electric tile cutter. The final stage is unstitching.

The facade made of clinker tiles has an attractive appearance, is durable, resistant to mechanical damage, exposure to ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes.

• Aluminum cassettes performed in two ways - with hidden and open fastening. The second is simple and fast. The elements that make up the structure already have holes for installing self-tapping screws. Aluminum cassettes are fixed on a metal profile. Such facade structures allow easy replacement of any part.

Method with hidden fastening allows you to obtain an almost perfectly flat surface, but is characterized by higher complexity. Such facade cassettes have only one bent side (cassettes for installation with visible fastening have two), which has a special edge that allows the upper and lower cassettes to be fastened together. Otherwise, the installation sequence is almost identical: first, the lathing is installed from a special cellular profile, then thermal insulation (special slabs or ordinary mineral wool) is laid in the cells, then wind and water protection is installed. All layers are secured with dowels. Afterwards, the profile is mounted into which the aluminum cassettes are installed.

This type facade does not overload the walls, is resistant to various negative impacts and hides all the shortcomings of the main walls, making the building much more beautiful.

Dowels are first installed in the drilled and dust-free holes, and then the brackets are screwed in. Next, insulation boards with slots made in them at the places of the brackets, as well as a waterproofing membrane, are installed. The resulting composition is fixed using disc-shaped dowels. Now you can install the guide profile, and on it - the hooks to which the cladding will be attached. It should be noted that the width of the gaps between the panels should not exceed 12 mm.

The resulting facade has a spectacular, extraordinary appearance, and the walls are protected from temperature changes, moisture and other destructive influences.

• Plaster facade differs in that in this case special building mixtures, requiring dilution with water. The technology for installing such a facade is quite simple. First, an adhesive mixture is applied to the wall, to which boards of synthetic or mineral origin are attached. Following them comes additional mechanical fastening in the form of “mushroom” dowels.

The last stage of such work is decorative plaster finishing.

Distinctive feature The “wet” facade is that it allows you to solve two important problems - to insulate the walls and achieve a beautiful architectural design of the building.

• Repair of facades involves carrying out work at heights using special equipment and building materials. It can be divided into three types: cosmetic repairs, which are carried out in a short time with minor damage to the external cladding (plaster or paint); major renovation of the façade of the building, involving a significant amount of work and large quantity time costs; partial renovation facade - this is the restoration of a separate part of the building.

Making a choice in favor of one material or another for facade finishing, in any case, you should rely on your own taste and the opinion of professionals.

Prices per m2

The cost of facades mainly depends on their type. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the material, as well as additional issues that the construction organization will undertake. This includes dismantling old cladding, applying primer, removing efflorescence, etc.

Today, the average cost of major activities is as follows:

However, it is worth remembering that the cost of materials only increases from year to year. Following them, prices for façade installations are rising. Therefore, the sooner you start finishing the facade of your house, the sooner it will begin to bear its positive fruits in the form of a beautiful external appearance of the building and an increase in its thermal insulation properties.

We provide a huge range of services for the repair and restoration of facades of residential buildings at an affordable price, namely:

• current or major repairs;
• sealing interpanel seams building;
• painting plastering work;
• restoration of brickwork;
• restoration of architectural elements, stucco, gilding;
• repair of ventilated facades, balconies;
• insulation of loggias and facades;
• installation of double-glazed windows;
• decoration using cladding;
• Carrying out work on plastering (wet) facades.

Prices are current for 2017-2018

IN cosmetic repairs From time to time, every building needs to update the external appearance of the building, without major intervention in the structure itself. Cosmetic work involves only updating particularly critical parts.

The list of services includes:

• surface preparation - cleaning from dust and complex coatings, eliminating salt and fungal formations;
• restoration of façade surfaces - jointing, filling of cracks, wall putty;
• finishing services - final painting of the facade;
• restoration of architectural elements;
• repair work of the basement;
• repair or replacement of drainage systems, cornices and window sills;
• repair and restoration of the appearance of entrance groups, doors and windows.

Cosmetic repairs are often performed exclusively using the repair method.

A comprehensive renovation involves a complete renovation of the front part of the building. This work is performed only by specialists who are trained in industrial mountaineering. It is carried out if the total area of ​​destruction is more than 30%. This method involves painting and plastering, as well as replacing drainage systems.

Major renovation of the facade always begins with the preparatory work stage:

1. Complete inspection of the facade;

2. Cleaning all façade surfaces from old coatings;

3. Elimination of salts and fungal formations.

The further progress of the work depends on the task set by the customer. This is either plastering with reinforcement, or putty, or painting or decorative finishing of the facade.

The basement of the building or even the entire facade can be lined with ceramic or porcelain tiles, marble, granite, wild stone, or wild stone tiles or some other decorative and finishing materials.

The list of services also includes:

• arrangement and restoration of architectural elements of the building;
• repair or replacement of drainage systems, cornices, window sills;
• if necessary, repair, restoration of appearance or replacement of entrance lobbies, doors, windows and stained glass windows.

Restoration of historical buildings - this is a special type of repair work on the facade of a building, since this very building has a certain historical value. Restoring the facade of a historic house requires a more thorough and thoughtful approach, as well as the use of specially selected materials.

The company "Alpinists" in addition to professional performance restoration work historical buildings, provides guarantee for all work performed, as well as post-warranty repairs .

The main enemy when performing facade work in winter is sub-zero temperatures. It negatively affects all work carried out both during “wet” processes and when glazing buildings (when there is a need to open “ warm contour» buildings).

During glazing in winter, there is a high probability that the heating system will defrost and the thermal conditions inside the premises will be disrupted after dismantling old window structures, doors or stained glass. When performing “wet type” façade work, water, which is used in all compositions, begins to freeze at temperatures below +4°C. As a result, compounds that were applied at more low temperatures, instead of drying out, they begin to freeze, and this is absolutely unacceptable for high-quality work. To maintain the required temperature conditions, the temperature of the air in contact with the facade must be above +5°C ROUND THE CLOCK.

To maintain optimal conditions, we create a special thermal circuit. The facade of the building is covered with reinforced polyethylene with ventilation holes; inside the temperature regime is maintained by heat guns that run on gas or diesel fuel.

If openings are opened, we install temporary panels until the translucent structures are installed.

Services from the Mountaineers company mean quality, safety and affordable prices.

Wet facade is a facade finishing technology using several layers of materials (thermal insulation, rigid layer, decorative plaster). The basis of wet facade technology is the use of construction and adhesive mixtures. This technology for finishing walls and building facades is widely used in both the commercial and residential sectors. Suitable for various types houses and wall materials, looks presentable, easy to maintain.

1. Thermal insulation (facade insulation).
   The first layer of a wet facade is thermal insulation (slabs of mineral wool or penoplex), which is attached to the wall material using a polymer cement mortar. The solution reliably glues the insulation to the rough walls.
2. Base material (hard layer).
   The second layer is a polymer cement solution together with a reinforcing mesh. This combination of materials simultaneously protects thermal insulation material and serves as the basis for finishing the walls.
3. Decorative coating (plaster).
   The third layer is decorative plaster or special paint. A wide selection of textures and colors opens up great opportunities for decorative design of the facade of the house.

Advantages of wet facade technology:

• Low price (compared to other options capital finishing facade);
• Minimum load on load-bearing walls(due to the light weight of materials);
• Wide range of options decorative finishing and textures (implementation of any design ideas);
• Possibility of painting in any color or various color combinations;
• Excellent compatibility of the technology with elements of decoration and lighting of facades.

A ventilated façade is modern technology façade repairs and exterior finishing walls using a frame made of a system of profiles and facing materials (porcelain stoneware or composite panels). The supporting structure in the form of a frame ensures level and rigid mount materials at the required distance for free air circulation.

• 
  Heat-insulating material for insulating a house (mineral wool or expanded polystyrene) with a moisture-proof film can also be used.
• 
  The basis of the design is Basic structure- a universal subsystem of profiles and components specially designed for quick and durable cladding of any types of buildings and structures. Allows you to easily and quickly prepare walls for further cladding.
• 
  According to the air gap between the cladding and load-bearing wall air circulates freely, which protects the structure from moisture and condensation.
• Facing material (porcelain stoneware or alucomposite material).
  Special composite panels or porcelain tiles are used as finishing materials. Today there are many manufacturers finishing materials provide a wide choice of colors and textures, allowing you to realize a variety of ideas.

The main advantages of hinged ventilated facades:

• Opportunity quick installation, regardless of the time of year;
• The versatility of the design and material allows the use of ventilated facade technology for cladding any types of buildings and structures, as well as various architectural forms and elements;
• Durability of the cladding, supporting system and components ( average term service - 50 years);
• Large range of colors and hundreds of options for imitation of natural materials;
• Convenient operation, maintenance and repair in case of damage;
• Heat and sound insulation, no overheating of walls and removal of the “condensation point”.

Facade plastering is a repair using facade plaster, carrying out work on preparing and plastering the external walls of the building. It is characterized by accessibility, simplicity and speed of implementation of repair work. Depending on the wall material, the optimal type of plaster is selected.

Before plastering the facade, you must first prepare the walls - clean and prime the surface. The plaster is applied in 3 layers - base, main and finishing. For optimal adhesion of the plaster to the walls or insulation, a reinforcing material is attached metal grid.

The plaster solution is applied using a special pneumatic bucket or manually. Next, the solution is leveled along special guides. The next layer of plaster creates adhesion to the finish. Finishing layer rubbed over or decorated with a relief (pattern).

Types of plaster for facade finishing:

• Acrylic (based on acrylic polymer resins with low vapor permeability);
• Mineral (based on quartz or marble chips);
• Silicate (based on " liquid glass"—a solution of sodium and potassium silicates);
• Cement (cement is used as the base);
• Silicone (based on silicone resins).

Advantages of decorative plaster:

• Low cost, ease of implementation and lightness of materials;
• Optimal material quality and strength level;
• Heat and sound insulation, moisture protection, resistance to weather conditions and temperature changes;
• Wide selection of colors and textures for painting and decoration;
• Pairs well with decorative elements for finishing external walls and facades.

Finishing with siding involves the external cladding of the walls of a building with panels. This finishing method has become widespread due to its reasonable price combined with the simplicity and quick implementation of installation. Siding is used for finishing residential and commercial buildings any types.

Types of siding (panel materials):

• Wooden (wood-polymer).
  For exterior wall decoration, siding made of wood-polymer materials is used - a mixture of wood fibers and plastic. Service life - from 15 years, easy to maintain - no need to tint, impregnate, or varnish. The material does not absorb moisture and is not flammable.
• Vinyl (made of PVC plastic).
  Vinyl siding is the most common type of siding due to its low price combined with a wide selection of colors, as well as durability and ease of installation, operation and cleaning. The material is suitable for all types of buildings and climatic conditions.
• Metal (galvanized steel).
  Metal siding is most often used for commercial and industrial buildings, but is also suitable for residential buildings.
• Fiber cement (made from cement with the addition of cellulose).
  Non-flammable, strong and durable material with increased resistance to moisture, mold and mildew. Mainly used for commercial and industrial buildings.

The main advantages of finishing facades with siding:

• Minimum terms for installation, regardless of the time of year (preferably from +5);
• Universal material and installation system - suitable for finishing any type of building;
• Wide selection of colors and types of material (many shades and textures);
• Easy to operate, maintain and repair;
• Protection of walls from moisture, temperature fluctuations and condensate drainage.

Facing the facade with clinker tiles or bricks is a premium option for finishing the facade with imitation brick or stone. The material is based on natural clay, fired using a special technology. Clinker tiles - affordable option brick-like cladding, both external and interior walls building.

• Thermal insulation (wall insulation).
  Thermal insulation material (mineral wool or polystyrene foam) with a moisture/windproof film is used to insulate the house.
• Subsystem (steel or aluminum frame with components).
  A design made of profiles and components specially created for finishing with clinker tiles. The elements of the subsystem allow the finishing process to be carried out quickly and efficiently.
• Air gap (ventilation).
  A special distance between the cladding and the walls ensures the necessary air circulation to protect against fungus, moisture and condensation.
• Facing material (clinker tiles or bricks).
  Clinker tiles are made from clay and sand, which are pressed, molded and fired at temperatures of more than 1200 degrees. Desired color clinker tiles is achieved by different temperatures firing, so each batch of tiles is individual and may vary slightly in shade.

Possibilities of clinker facade technology

Work on insulating the base walls of a building represents a complex of works on the preparation and installation of a heat-insulating layer. On this moment There are two main options for insulation for external finishing - mineral wool slabs or expanded polystyrene.

The technology for insulating walls from the outside is correct, both in practical terms (savings usable area), and the technical side (protection of walls and removal of the point of condensation formation). The base walls are prepared and primed, then the insulation is installed using an adhesive solution and additionally reinforced with dowels.

Mineral wool slabs
Basalt mineral wool is inexpensive and effective method insulate any type of building. The mineral wool layer must be protected with vapor and waterproofing. Insulation with this material is ideal for wooden houses, and also goes well with “wet” facade technology.

Foam plastic (expanded polystyrene, penoplex)
Polystyrene foam is an economical, very lightweight and easy-to-install material that also has good sound insulation. However, foam plastic does not allow air and steam to pass through, which requires equipping the house with a ventilation system. Also foam requires reliable waterproofing, because susceptible to moisture. The use of foam plastic is recommended in combination with ventilated facade technology.

The main advantages of facade insulation:

• Increased energy efficiency, reduced heat loss and heating costs;
• Universal materials - suitable for insulating any buildings;
• Protection of walls from moisture, temperature fluctuations, external influences and removal of the “dew point”.