Plan scales scalers. Solving problems using topographic plans

The ratio of the natural size of an object to the size of its image. A person is not able to depict large objects, for example, a house, in life-size, therefore, when depicting a large object in a drawing, drawing, layout, etc., a person reduces the size of the object several times: two, five, ten, one hundred, thousand and so on. The number showing how many times the depicted object is reduced is the scale. Scale is also used when depicting the microworld. A person cannot depict a living cell, which he examines through a microscope, in natural size and therefore increases the size of its image several times. The number showing how many times the real phenomenon is increased or decreased when depicting it is defined as scale.

Scale in geodesy, cartography and design

Scale shows how many times each line drawn on a map or drawing is smaller or larger than its actual dimensions. There are three types of scale: numerical, named, graphic.

Scales on maps and plans can be presented numerically or graphically.

Numerical scale written as a fraction, the numerator of which is one, and the denominator is the degree of reduction of the projection. For example, a scale of 1:5,000 shows that 1 cm on the plan corresponds to 5,000 cm (50 m) on the ground.

The larger scale is the one whose denominator is smaller. For example, a scale of 1:1,000 is larger than a scale of 1:25,000.

Graphic scales are divided into linear and transverse. Linear scale- this is a graphic scale in the form of a scale bar divided into equal parts. Transverse scale is a graphic scale in the form of a nomogram, the construction of which is based on the proportionality of segments of parallel lines intersecting the sides of an angle. The transverse scale is used for more accurate measurements of the lengths of lines on plans. The transverse scale is used as follows: a length measurement is laid down on the bottom line of the transverse scale so that one end (the right one) is on the whole division OM, and the left one goes beyond 0. If the left leg falls between the tenth divisions of the left segment (from 0), then Raise both legs of the meter up until the left leg hits the intersection of any transvensal and any horizontal line. In this case, the right leg of the meter should be on the same horizontal line. The smallest DP = 0.2 mm, and the accuracy is 0.1.

Scale accuracy- this is a horizontal line segment corresponding to 0.1 mm on the plan. The value of 0.1 mm for determining scale accuracy is adopted due to the fact that this is the minimum segment that a person can distinguish with the naked eye. For example, for a scale of 1:10,000, the scale accuracy will be 1 m. On this scale, 1 cm on the plan corresponds to 10,000 cm (100 m) on the ground, 1 mm - 1,000 cm (10 m), 0.1 mm - 100 cm (1 m).

The scales of images in the drawings must be selected from the following range:

When designing master plans for large objects it is allowed to use a scale of 1:2,000; 1:5 000; 1:10,000; 1:20,000; 1:25,000; 1:50,000.
IN necessary cases It is allowed to use magnification scales (100n):1, where n is an integer.

Scale in photography

Some photographers measure scale as the ratio of the size of an object to the size of its image on paper, screen, or other media. The correct technique for determining scale depends on the context in which the image is being used.

The scale has important when calculating the depth of sharply depicted space. Photographers have access to a very wide range of scales - from almost infinitely small (for example, when shooting celestial bodies) to very large (without the use of special optics it is possible to obtain scales of the order of 10:1).

Scale is a number showing how many times the actual dimensions in the drawing are reduced or increased.

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

PrimeBase
Beidou

See what “Scale” is in other dictionaries:

SCALE- (German Masstaq, from German Mass measure). 1) measure, a linear measure taken for drawings in a reduced form. 2) in artillery: a copper ruler with the designation on it of the caliber of guns, shells and the most commonly used measures in artillery. Dictionary foreign words … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Scale- is the ratio of the length of a given line shown in a drawing, plan or map to its length in kind. [Glossary of basic terms necessary for design, construction and operation highways.] Scale is a ratio... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

scale- Cm … Synonym dictionary

Scale- attitude linear dimensions of an object depicted on a map, aerial photograph, etc. to its actual size. A distinction is made between the scale of reduction and increase; it can be expressed as a numerical ratio (numerical scale) or depicted graphically... ... Marine Dictionary

SCALE- [ash] (or scale), scale, male. (German: Masstab). 1. The ratio of reduced distances and sizes on the map and drawing to the actual ones. Geographic map large scale. Scale 10 versts per inch. On a ten-verst scale. 2. Measure. In big … Dictionary Ushakova

scale 1:1- full scale - [A.S. Goldberg. English-Russian energy dictionary. 2006] Topics energy in general Synonyms full scale EN full scale ... Technical Translator's Guide

SCALE- (German Ma?stab) the ratio of the length of a line in a drawing, plan or map to the length of the corresponding line in kind. It is designated as a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to one, and the denominator is a number indicating the degree of reduction in the lengths of the lines (for example, 1: 100 ... ... Big encyclopedic Dictionary

Scale- (German Maβstab; from Maβ measure and Stab stick * a. scale; n. Maβstab, Skala; f. echelle; i. escala) the ratio of the length of a line in a drawing, plan, map, object model to the length of the corresponding line in kind. Ha geogr. maps distinguish the main M.… … Geological encyclopedia

SCALE- (from German Ma?stab) English. scale; German Ma?stab. 1. The ratio of the linear dimensions of an object depicted in a drawing, plan, map to its dimensions in kind. 2. Dimensions relative value tsp (eg price scale). Antinazi. Encyclopedia of Sociology... Encyclopedia of Sociology

Theme "Scale"

Materials for preparing for the lesson

T.V. KONSTANTINOV
Ph.D. ped. sciences, senior lecturer
E.A. KUZNETSOVA
Kaluga State Pedagogical University
them. K.E. Tsiolkovsky

Means of education

A terrain plan (preferably your own area), a physical map of the hemispheres, a physical map of Russia, measuring instruments (measuring tape, range finder).

Terms and concepts

Scale ( from German - measure and Stab - stick) - the ratio of the length of a segment on a map, plan, aerial or satellite image to its actual length on the ground.
Numerical scale- a scale expressed as a fraction, where the numerator is one, and the denominator is a number indicating how many times the image is reduced.
Named (verbal) scale - type of scale, verbal indication of what distance on the ground corresponds to 1 cm on a map, plan, photograph.
Linear scale - an auxiliary measuring ruler applied to maps to facilitate the measurement of distances.

Geographical sciences and professions of geographers

Geodesy (Greek - land division) - a science that studies the shape and size of the Earth, methods of measuring distances, angles and heights on the earth's surface.
Topography(Greek - place and - write) - a section of geodesy devoted to measurements on the ground to create maps and plans.
Cartography- the science of maps, their creation and use. Cartography also studies globes, plans and other images of the earth's surface, in addition, maps and globes of the starry sky and other planets.

Geographer's Toolkit

A measuring compass is a tool for transferring dimensions to drawings. When working with geographic maps, it is used to determine distances between points and individual sections of the map.
Curvimeter - a mechanical portable device designed to measure the lengths of winding lines using maps. It consists of a round box with a dial and pointer, and a small wheel at the bottom. The divisions on the dial scale can indicate the path traveled by the wheel on the map (in cm), or immediately show the distance on the ground, depending on the scale of the map.
Rangefinders - devices various types, used to determine distances without directly measuring them with a measuring tape or tape measure.
Measuring tape - the main instrument used to measure distances before the invention of rangefinders. It is a steel strip, usually 20 m long, secured to the ground with long (about 0.5 m) steel pins.

Geographic nomenclature

Local names: localities where students live, streets, shops, educational institutions, nearby bodies of water, various local landforms, etc.

Independent work of students

Determining distances on maps using a scale

Purpose of work: developing skills to work with various types scale; developing the ability to determine distances on maps using scale.
Equipment: geography atlas for 6th grade, curvimeter or thread about 20 cm long, workbook.

Exercise 1. Convert the numerical scale of the map to a named one:

a) 1: 200,000
b) 1: 10,000,000
c) 1: 25,000

Rule for students. To more easily convert a numerical scale into a named one, you need to count how many zeros the number in the denominator ends with. For example, on a scale of 1:500,000, there are five zeros in the denominator after the number 5.
If after the number in the denominator there is five and more zeros, then by covering (with a finger, a fountain pen, or simply crossing out) five zeros, we get the number of kilometers on the ground corresponding to 1 centimeter on the map. Example for scale 1: 500,000. The denominator after the number is five zeros, closing them, we get for a named scale: 1 cm on the map is 5 kilometers on the ground.
If there are less than five zeros after the number in the denominator, then by closing two zeros, we get the number of meters on the ground corresponding to 1 centimeter on the map. If, for example, in the denominator of a scale of 1: 10,000 we close two zeros, we get: 1 cm - 100 m.
Answer: a) 1 cm - 2 km; b) 1 cm - 100 km; c) 1 cm - 250 m.

Task 2. Convert the named scale to a numerical one:

a) 1 cm - 500 m

b) 1 cm - 10 km

c) 1 cm - 250 km

Rule for students. To more easily convert a named scale to a numerical one, you need to convert the distance on the ground indicated in the named scale into centimeters. If the distance on the ground is expressed in meters, in order to obtain the denominator of the numerical scale, you need to assign two zeros, if in kilometers, then five zeros.
For example, for a named scale of 1 cm - 100 m, the distance on the ground is expressed in meters, so for the numerical scale we assign two zeros and get: 1: 10,000. For a scale of 1 cm - 5 km we assign five zeros to the five and get: 1 : 500,000.
Answers: a) 1: 50,000; b) 1: 1,000,000; c) 1: 25,000,000.

Task 3. Determine the distance between points by physical map Russia in the 6th grade atlas:

a) Moscow and Murmansk
b) Mount Narodnaya (Ural Mountains) and Mount Belukha (Altai Mountains)
c) Cape Dezhnev (Chukchi Peninsula) and Cape Lopatka (Kamchatka Peninsula)

Rule for students. When determining the distance on a map between points, you should:
1. Using a ruler, measure the distance in centimeters between points. For example, the distance between the cities of Moscow and Astrakhan on the map is 6.5 cm.
2. Find out by the named scale how many kilometers (meters) on the ground correspond to 1 cm on the map.
(On the physical map of Russia in the 6th grade geographic atlas, 1 cm on the map corresponds to 200 km on the ground.)
3. Multiply the distance between points measured with a ruler by the number of kilometers (meters) on the ground for a given scale.

6.5 x 200 = 1300 km.

Answers: a) 1460 km; b) 2240 km; c) 2500 km* * .

Task 4. Measure the length of rivers using the physical map of Russia in the 6th grade atlas:

a) Oka;
b) the Ural River;
c) Kama.

Measurements of winding lines on a map (in this case, rivers) are carried out using a curvimeter or a thread.
How to measure the length of a river using a thread (rule for students).
1. The thread must be moistened, otherwise it will be difficult to lay it on the paper.
2. Attach the thread to the curved line (to the river - from source to mouth) so that it follows all the bends of the river.
3. Mark the source and mouth points on the thread (with your fingers or tweezers) (you can carefully cut the thread with scissors at these points).
4. Straighten the thread, attach the noticed (or cut) section of the thread to the ruler and measure how many centimeters it contains. The measurement result is multiplied by the number of kilometers on the ground for a given scale. (You can attach a string to the linear scale on the map and immediately read the length of the river.)
Answers: a) approximately 920 km; b) approximately 1300 km; c) approximately 1200 km.
Note. The accuracy of measurements of curved sections is low, so the students’ answers may differ somewhat from the answers of their friends. Surely, the results of measuring with a thread on a small-scale map will VERY diverge from the river lengths indicated in textbooks and reference books. The real length of the Oka is 1500 km, the Urals - 2400 km, the Kama - 1800 km. It is imperative to tell students these numbers so that the “clumsy” numbers of independent measurement do not stick in their memory (and they have a great chance of sticking precisely because they were obtained independently). It is also necessary to explain where this discrepancy comes from: a small-scale map cannot reflect many medium and small turns, bends of the river, they are all “straightened”. This explanation will come in handy in the topic “Scale”: it will make it easier to understand the differences between maps of different scales.

Figures and facts

Scale topographic maps

Numerical scale	Name cards	1 cm on the map corresponds to on the ground distance	1 cm 2 on the map corresponds on the ground area
1: 5 000 1: 10 000 1: 25 000 1: 50 000 1: 100 000 1: 200 000 1: 500 000 lll 1: 1 000 000	Five thousandth Ten-thousandth Twenty-five thousandth Fifty thousandth One hundred thousandth Two hundred thousandth Five hundred thousandth, or half a millionth Millionth	50 m 100 m 250 m 500 m 1 km 2 km 5 km lll 10 km	0.25 ha 1 ha 6.25 ha 25 hectares 1 km 2 4 km 2 25 km 2 ll 100 km 2

Cards have other names. Let us determine what scales the following names refer to: hundred-meter, half-kilometer, kilometer, two-kilometer, five-kilometer, ten-kilometer.
What type of scale are the names given in the table based on? And those given in the previous paragraph?

(reading for students)

A story about a 1:1 scale map

Once upon a time there lived a Capricious King. One day he traveled around his kingdom and saw how large and beautiful his land was. He saw winding rivers, huge lakes, high mountains and wonderful cities. He became proud of his possessions and wanted the whole world to know about them. And so, the Capricious King ordered cartographers to create a map of the kingdom. The cartographers worked for a whole year and finally presented the King with a wonderful map on which all the mountain ranges were marked, big cities and large lakes and rivers.
However, the Capricious King was not satisfied. He wanted to see on the map not only the outlines of mountain ranges, but also an image of each mountain peak. Not only large cities, but also small ones and villages. He wanted to see small rivers flowing into rivers.
The cartographers set to work again, worked for many years and drew another map, twice the size of the previous one. But now the King wanted the map to show passes between mountain peaks, small lakes in the forests, streams, and peasant houses on the outskirts of villages. Cartographers drew more and more maps.
The Capricious King died before the work was completed. The heirs, one after another, ascended the throne and died in turn, and the map was drawn up and drawn up. Each king hired new cartographers to map the kingdom, but each time he was dissatisfied with the fruits of the labor, finding the map insufficiently detailed.
Finally, the cartographers drew the Incredible Map. The map depicted the entire kingdom in great detail - and was exactly the same size as the kingdom itself. Now no one could tell the difference between the map and the kingdom.
Where were the Capricious Kings going to keep their wonderful map? The casket is not enough for such a map. You will need a huge room like a hangar, and in it the map will lie in many layers. But is such a card necessary? After all, a life-size map can be successfully replaced by the terrain itself.

Dependence of map detail on scale

If you have ever flown on an airplane, then you probably remember how at the beginning of the flight, when the plane just takes off from the ground, the outlines of the airport, houses, and squares float beneath it. But the higher he rises into the air, the fewer details are visible through the porthole, but the wider the space that opens to the eye becomes wider. The detail of the maps also changes when the scale is reduced.
On large-scale maps, where no more than 500 m of earthly space fits into 1 cm of area, a small territory is depicted in great detail.
Small-scale maps, where up to several thousand kilometers fit into 1 cm, show huge areas of the Earth, but with little detail. Both cards are needed, depending on their purpose.
If you are wondering which countries you will fly over when traveling from Moscow to Melbourne, you need to open a small-scale map, and when going to the forest to pick mushrooms or go hiking with friends, you need to take a large-scale map with you so as not to get lost.

Homework for those interested

Determine the scale of maps of your area

Find maps that show the area where you live. If you don’t have such maps at home, ask your acquaintances and friends, a geography teacher, a librarian or a bookstore seller for help.
Write down the scales of maps depicting your area. Which scale is larger, which is smaller?
Compare maps of different scales and find out which scale maps show a larger territory, and which ones show a smaller one.
Determine which scale maps show the area in more detail, and which scales show less detail.
Draw a conclusion about how the area of the depicted territory and its detail depend on the scale of the map.

Find your location on the map

Using a map of your region (region, republic...), determine the distance from your settlement to the regional (regional, republican) center, if you do not live in it, or to some other settlement, if you are in the center of the region ( regions, republics).

On old maps a named scale could show what distance on the ground corresponds to one inch or other archaic linear measure on a map.
Here and below, calculations were made using the atlas “Geography. Beginner course. 6th grade.": Atlas. - M.: Bustard; Publishing house DIK, 1999. - 32 p. Of course, at this stage of training the teacher has not yet addressed the issues of distance distortion associated with map projection.

We all know what scale is. This is the ratio of linear dimensions on a conditional graphic representation to the true dimensions of the depicted object. That is, this is the observance of certain proportions while applying any drawing image or editing a photograph.

What is scale and why is it needed?

This method of image transfer is used in absolutely everything, from maps and drawings to ordinary photographs. But the desired image cannot always be reproduced in full size. This is where scale comes to the rescue. Thanks to it, images can be reduced or enlarged, while respecting required proportions, which are indicated on the drawings. We already know what scale is, so let’s talk about its two types.

Magnification scale

This type is used when the actual size image is significantly smaller than in the drawings. In this case, the proportions of this image are indicated in a special column (2:1, 8:1, 16:1, 150:1, and so on). The proportions must be understood as follows: the right number indicates that the entire drawing must be divided into centimeters (for example, 1 centimeter), and the left number indicates how many times the object is reduced by 1 centimeter of the drawing image. That is, if we have the designation 2:1, then this means that per 1 centimeter of the drawing line there is 0.5 centimeter of the object.

Reduction scale

This type is used if the object that needs to be depicted significantly exceeds the dimensions of the drawing. In a special proportions column, we indicate how many times the object is larger than the image (for example, 1:2, 1:250, 1:1000, and so on). The left number indicates how many centimeters the drawing must be divided into (for example, 1 centimeter), and the right number indicates how many measuring units are per 1 centimeter. For example, we have a map with a scale of 1:2000000 cm, which means that per 1 centimeter of the map there are 2,000,000 centimeters of terrain (or 20,000 meters, or 20 kilometers per 1 centimeter).

How to scale photos

It’s very easy to figure out how to make maps or drawings, but what the scale of photographs is is quite difficult to understand. Such images have other measurement parameters, namely resolution, which depends on the number of pixels in a given image. When scaling photos, you need to pay attention to the number of pixels, because by significantly increasing with a small number of pixels, we deteriorate its quality and vice versa. There are various programs with which you can perform these operations, without the image quality deteriorating. Their principle of operation is based on increasing the number of pixels in a particular photograph, as a result of which the resolution, that is, the size of the reproduced image, increases. Such programs can be found in special stores or downloaded from the Internet, but it is best to buy licensed discs rather than download pirated copies, which can worsen the performance of your computer and make it impossible to process photographs on it.

is called a scale, which is expressed as a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to one, and the denominator shows how many times the horizontal location of the terrain line is reduced when depicting the horizontal location of the line on a plan or map.

Numerical scale– unnamed quantity. It is written like this: 1:1000, 1:2000, 1:5000, etc., and in this notation 1000, 2000 and 5000 are called the denominator of the M scale.

The numerical scale suggests that One unit of line length on a plan (map) contains exactly the same number of units of length on the ground. So, for example, one unit of line length on a 1:5000 plan contains exactly 5000 of the same units of length on the ground, namely: one centimeter of line length on a 1:5000 plan corresponds to 5000 centimeters on the ground (i.e. 50 meters on the ground ); one millimeter of line length on a 1:5000 plan contains 5000 millimeters on the ground (i.e., one millimeter of line length on a 1:5000 plan contains 500 centimeters or 5 meters on the ground), etc.

When working with a plan, in a number of cases they use linear scale.

Linear scale

- graphic construction, (Fig. 1) which is an image of a certain numerical scale.
Fig.1

Linear scale base called segment AB of a linear scale (the main proportion of the scale), usually equal to 2 cm. It is translated into the corresponding length on the ground and signed. The leftmost base of the scale is divided into 10 equal parts.

Smallest division of the base of a linear scale equal to 1/10 of the base of the scale.

Example: for a linear scale (used when working on a 1:2000 scale topographic plan) shown in Figure 1, the scale base AB is 2 cm (i.e. 40 meters on the ground), and the smallest division of the base is 2 mm, which is a scale of 1:2000 corresponds to 4 m on the ground.

Section cd (Fig. 1), taken from a topographic plan at a scale of 1:2000, consists of two scale bases and two smallest base divisions, which ultimately corresponds on the ground to 2x40m+2x2m = 88 m.

A more accurate graphical determination and construction of line lengths can be done using another graphical construction - a transverse scale (Fig. 2).

Transverse scale

– graphical construction for the most accurate measurement and plotting of distances on a topographic plan (map). Scale accuracy is a horizontal segment on the ground that corresponds to a value of 0.1 mm on a plan of a given scale. This characteristic depends on the resolution of the naked human eye, which (resolution) allows us to see minimum distance on a topographic plan of 0.1 mm. On the ground, this value will already be equal to 0.1 mm x M, where M is the denominator of the scale

The base AB of the normal transverse scale is equal, as in the linear scale, also 2 cm. The smallest division of the base is CD = 1/10 AB = 2 mm. The smallest division of the transverse scale is cd = 1/10 CD = 1/100 AB = 0.2 mm (which follows from the similarity of triangle BCD and triangle Bcd).

Thus, for a numerical scale of 1:2000, the base of the transverse scale will correspond to 40 m, the smallest division of the base (1/10 of the base) is 4 m, and the smallest division of the 1/100 AB scale is 0.4 m.

Example: segment ab (Fig. 2), taken from a 1:2000 scale plan, corresponds to 137.6 m on the ground (3 transverse scale bases (3x40 = 120 m), 4 smallest base divisions (4x4 = 16 m) and 4 smallest scale divisions (0.4x4=1.6 m), i.e. 120+16+1.6=137.6 m).

Let's focus on one of the most important characteristics concept of "scale".

Scale accuracy called a horizontal segment on the ground, which corresponds to a value of 0.1 mm on a plan of a given scale. This characteristic depends on the resolution of the naked human eye, which (resolution) allows viewing a minimum distance on a topographic plan of 0.1 mm. On the ground, this value will already be equal to 0.1 mm x M, where M is the denominator of the scale.

Fig.2

The transverse scale, in particular, allows you to measure the length of a line on a plan (map) at a scale of 1:2000 precisely with the accuracy of this scale.

Example: 1 mm of a 1:2000 plan contains 2000 mm of terrain, and 0.1 mm, respectively, 0.1 x M (mm) = 0.1 x 2000 mm = 200 mm = 20 cm, i.e. 0.2 m.

Therefore, when measuring (constructing) the length of a line on a plan, its value should be rounded with scale accuracy. Example: when measuring (constructing) a line 58.37 m long (Fig. 3), its value on a scale of 1:2000 (with a scale accuracy of 0.2 m) is rounded to 58.4 m, and on a scale of 1:500 (accuracy scale 0.05 m) – the length of the line is rounded to 58.35 m.

Scale in geodesy, cartography and design

Scale shows how many times each line drawn on a map or drawing is smaller or larger than its actual dimensions. There are three types of scale: numerical, named, graphic.

Scales on maps and plans can be presented numerically or graphically.

The larger scale is the one whose denominator is smaller. For example, a scale of 1:1,000 is larger than a scale of 1:25,000.

The scales of images in the drawings must be selected from the following range:

When designing master plans for large objects, it is allowed to use a scale of 1:2,000; 1:5 000; 1:10,000; 1:20,000; 1:25,000; 1:50,000.
If necessary, it is allowed to use magnification scales (100n):1, where n is an integer.

Scale in photography

Scale is important when calculating depth of field. Photographers have access to a very wide range of scales - from almost infinitely small (for example, when photographing celestial bodies) to very large (without the use of special optics it is possible to obtain scales of the order of 10:1).

Scale is a number showing how many times the actual dimensions in the drawing are reduced or increased.

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

See what “Scale” is in other dictionaries:

- (German Masstaq, from German Mass measure). 1) measure, a linear measure taken for drawings in a reduced form. 2) in artillery: a copper ruler with the designation on it of the caliber of guns, shells and the most commonly used measures in artillery. Dictionary of foreign words... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Scale- is the ratio of the length of a given line shown in a drawing, plan or map to its length in kind. [Dictionary of basic terms necessary in the design, construction and operation of highways.] Scale is a ratio... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

Cm … Synonym dictionary

The ratio of the linear dimensions of an object depicted on a map, aerial photograph, etc. to its dimensions in kind. A distinction is made between the scale of reduction and increase; it can be expressed as a numerical ratio (numerical scale) or depicted graphically... ... Marine Dictionary

- [ash] (or scale), scale, male. (German: Masstab). 1. The ratio of reduced distances and sizes on the map and drawing to the actual ones. Large-scale geographic map. Scale 10 versts per inch. On a ten-verst scale. 2. Measure. In big … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

scale 1:1- full scale - [A.S. Goldberg. English-Russian energy dictionary. 2006] Topics energy in general Synonyms full scale EN full scale ... Technical Translator's Guide

- (German Ma?stab) the ratio of the length of a line in a drawing, plan or map to the length of the corresponding line in kind. It is designated as a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to one, and the denominator is a number indicating the degree of reduction in the lengths of the lines (for example, 1: 100 ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (German Maβstab; from Maβ measure and Stab stick * a. scale; n. Maβstab, Skala; f. echelle; i. escala) the ratio of the length of a line in a drawing, plan, map, object model to the length of the corresponding line in kind. Ha geogr. maps distinguish the main M.… … Geological encyclopedia

- (from German Ma?stab) English. scale; German Ma?stab. 1. The ratio of the linear dimensions of an object depicted in a drawing, plan, map to its dimensions in kind. 2. Dimensions, relative size tsp. (eg price scale). Antinazi. Encyclopedia of Sociology... Encyclopedia of Sociology

Plan scales scalers. Solving problems using topographic plans

Scale in geodesy, cartography and design

Scale in photography

Notes

See what “Scale” is in other dictionaries:

Theme "Scale"