Proper watering of tomatoes. How often and correctly to water tomatoes in a greenhouse, types of organization of watering tomatoes How to water tomatoes in open ground

One of the mandatory conditions, the observance of which allows one to count on obtaining high yields, is providing a balanced diet. Plants are able to absorb nutrients only if they come in the form of solutions. In this regard, those who are going to grow tomatoes should know how to water tomatoes correctly, including how often to water tomatoes in a greenhouse, etc.

The calculation of the norm, as well as the timing of watering tomatoes, is carried out differently in each case, where attention is paid to the conditions for growing tomatoes. In order to avoid developmental deviations when cultivating tomatoes, it is necessary to create for them favorable conditions: air humidity should be no higher than 45-50%, and soil humidity - 85-90%. To find out whether the actual conditions correspond to optimal ones, you should take the soil at a depth of 5-1 cm: if it can be removed without special effort form a lump that disintegrates when lightly pressed, then everything is as it should be.

With excessive moisture, tomato fruits become less sugary, acquire a watery structure, and there is a risk of plants being damaged by fungal diseases, cracks appearing and fruits falling off. At the same time, the drying out of the soil also has a negative effect; if irrigation is carried out infrequently, then such inconsistency in the water supply can cause the buds and ovaries to fall off, the formation of cracks in the fruits, as well as damage to them by blossom end rot.

How often to water tomatoes

Watering tomatoes should be infrequent, but at the same time be plentiful. If plants are watered at frequent intervals in small quantities, this has a bad effect on the growth and development of plants, which is especially important during the plant’s adaptation to open ground conditions. Excessive amounts of water lead to a decrease in soil temperature and at the same time an increase in relative air humidity to 80-100%. All this negatively affects future fruits, since flowers are less pollinated and the ovaries are poorly formed. There are cases when flowers begin to fall off in large quantities and there is a delay in plant growth. Tomato bushes have a fairly developed root system, the roots are located at a depth of 100-150 cm, able to perfectly absorb water and nutrients. In this regard, you can limit yourself to infrequent watering - 2 times a week. Moreover, the soil for tomatoes should have such a structure that it can absorb a large number of moisture.

How to water tomatoes correctly

To increase the efficiency of irrigation, plants should be irrigated at the root or along the furrows, trying to prevent water from dripping onto the stem, leaves and fruits. This must be done to maintain humidity, which leads to the development of fungal diseases, at an optimal level and to prevent leaf burns. If there are water drops on the leaves, they will turn into lenses - they begin to focus the sun's rays, causing damage to the leaves, which leads to the rapid germination of late blight spores in them. If watering tomatoes is carried out at the root, then two conditions can be met at once: the plants receive required amount moisture and air humidity remains at the same, optimal level. It is not recommended to resort to the sprinkling method due to the fact that it negatively affects the growth and development of plants.

To water tomatoes, you should always use settled, warm water, the temperature of which should correspond to the soil temperature (preferably 24-26 ° C). Using cold hose irrigation tap water, you can cause damage to the root system, as well as reduce the temperature and upset the acid balance. It is best to water tomato bushes with rainwater: the presence of carbonic acid in it provides it with a mild effect. Tap water is quite hard; to soften it, it is mixed with a small amount of manure, compost and collected weeds.

If the sun shines quite brightly during the day, then it is advisable to postpone watering until the evening. Optimal time- a few hours before sunset, the night is usually enough for the water to be well absorbed and absorbed by the roots. If it is cloudy outside, you can choose any time for watering.

You can maintain humidity at an optimal level using mulching. The material for this can be special films or any remains of organic origin. If you place straw, weeded weeds, and compost on top of the beds in a 5 cm layer, this will help slow down the evaporation of moisture and maintain upper layer in a loose state, reduce the number of weeds, which creates favorable conditions for growth and increased productivity. Organic residues decompose over time, which provides the soil with useful substances and minerals.

When determining the amount of water that needs to be spent on each plant during one watering, they are guided by the moisture capacity of the soil, in other words, the ability to retain moisture, as well as weather conditions, the presence of a mulch layer, and in addition to this, the planting pattern, variety and age of plants.

Their appearance can tell you whether plants are getting enough water. If there is a moisture deficiency, the leaves will react to this by darkening, and in the heat they begin to wither. When the ovaries begin to form on the tomato bushes, especially when the plants enter the active growth phase, it is necessary to increase the rate of water consumption. In the absence of rain, tomatoes need to be watered once a week, spending about 3-5 liters of water on each bush. When the plants enter the fruiting phase, it is necessary to prevent the soil from drying out; during this period, more frequent watering is carried out - 2 times a week, allocating 3-5 liters for each plant.

When growing short and tall varieties, a slightly different watering scheme is followed. When the fruits begin to ripen, low-growing varieties begin to be watered less abundantly, and after some time they stop watering altogether. By acting in this way, you can achieve uniform ripening of fruits and High Quality harvest, preventing the formation of cracks in tomatoes, their damage by late blight and brown spot. On plants of tall varieties, both ripening and many growing fruits can be formed simultaneously. In this regard, when the first tomatoes begin to ripen on the first bunches, they should still be provided with the usual amount of water. Tall varieties are watered at intervals of 4 days, with 10 liters of water being spent on one plant. This norm consumption is considered optimal for obtaining large fruits.

All of these factors need to be taken into account when you decide what watering regime to follow when growing tomatoes.

All of us gardeners have watered tomatoes more than once. But are we doing this right? Are we giving enough water? No schemes or standards will help check this, they simply don’t exist. Each piece of land, like each variety and even bush of tomatoes, is unique. How much and when to pour water will have to be determined experimentally. There is only general signs, by which you can understand that the plants need watering.

How often to water tomatoes in open ground

1. Climate (weather). In the heat and under dry winds, the leaves evaporate a lot of moisture, the roots intensively pull it out of the ground, which means you need to water more often, or even every day. In cloudy weather, when air humidity is high, even with light rains that barely wet the ground, tomatoes do not need a lot of water - you will have to water less often.
2. Soil structure. Sandy and sandy loam soils quickly allow water to pass through them. The plants take it as much as they can, and again experience a moisture deficit. On loams and chernozems, water is retained better; here, frequent watering only causes harm.

Even in the same locality, the weather changes from year to year. And the composition of the soil is completely unique in any garden. After all, everyone fertilizes the earth according to their own understanding (sawdust, peat, manure, sand, green manure). Therefore, there are no universal tables and schemes for watering tomatoes.

Video: how tomatoes are watered in Ukraine

However, scientists have identified optimal air and soil humidity indicators for this crop, depending on the development phase:

1. From the moment of planting seedlings until the beginning of fruiting (fruit filling): air humidity - 60–65%, soil humidity - 75–80%.
2. During the fruiting period, when the ovaries appear and grow: air humidity - 50–60%, soil humidity - 80–85%.

But this is all true at the optimal temperature for tomatoes - about +25 °C. On a personal site in open ground It is impossible to monitor air humidity, much less regulate it, and measuring soil moisture is problematic, and few people will do it. Therefore, deciding whether to water tomatoes or not will be helped by them themselves, or, more precisely, by their appearance, as well as the condition of the soil under the tomatoes.

How to understand that tomatoes need watering

So, the soil moisture under tomatoes should be in the range of 70–85%, that is, the soil must be kept constantly moist! To prevent the top layer from drying out, place mulch under the bushes in a layer of at least 5 cm.

Whether the soil has dried out enough that it is time to water can be determined by the turgor of the leaves. When tomatoes have enough water, their leaves are hard, elastic, and hold their usual position well. For each variety it is different, for example, they stick out to the sides or at an angle, rest against the ground and each other. Tomatoes look like this after rain or watering. Remember this picture, as well as the sensations when you touch their leaves.

With sufficient moisture, tomato leaves are rigid, hold their shape well, and can be positioned horizontally or at an angle.

If the leaves droop slightly and lose their elasticity, it means the bushes need watering.. Under no circumstances should you allow a situation where all the leaves are drooping and it is already obvious that the plants are drying out. Seize the moment when only a slight moisture deficiency begins.

If it is not possible to monitor the tomatoes so carefully, then lay drip irrigation under them.

With a lack of moisture, the leaves lose elasticity and droop

You will also have to determine the watering rate yourself. On average, 3–5 liters of water are spent per bush, but this is only approximately; for example, 10 liters are poured under tall varieties. Focus on the size of the bush and the number of flowers and fruits on it. The more powerful and productive the bush, the more moisture it needs. If it is poorly watered, the bush will begin to show signs of thirst earlier than others. Continue watering until the very end of the growing season, but gradually reduce the rate from the beginning of fruit ripening.

In the second half of summer and autumn, when the harvest is in progress, reduce the watering rate

Watering mistakes and their consequences

The most serious mistakes that gardeners make are two extremes: they do not water the tomatoes at all or, on the contrary, they overwater them. Without watering, and even in the hot summer, the flowers and ovaries fall off, and if the fruits grow, they are small. But you can’t turn the ground under the bushes into dirt. Water fills all the air spaces between the lumps of soil, the roots stop breathing, rot, the above-ground part droops and dies.

Also, do not water tomatoes in a ditch or in furrows.. In this case, the hose is placed at the beginning of the row. While the water fills the entire furrow, the roots of the bushes closest to the hose will be not only flooded, but also bare. In the sun they will begin to dry out, which can result in the loss of leaves, crops and bushes. The desired method of watering is drip, and if this is not available, then from a watering can at the root without any pressure, so as not to wash away the soil. Sprinkling can be carried out, but only in hot weather and then for the purpose of foliar feeding of leaves or disease prevention with a solution of Fitosporin or potassium permanganate.

Tomato is a heat-loving crop; due to watering with cold and hard water from the tap, it reduces the rate of development and becomes unstable to diseases.

Water at the roots, trying not to get on the leaves.

And another mistake that leads to the loss of a large part of the crop is irregular watering.. If you do not water the bushes for a long time during the period of fruit growth, and then give them a good portion of water, the fruits will begin to suddenly fill with juice and crack.

Such a harvest can be obtained due to irregular watering

The simplest, at first glance, element of tomato care - watering - actually requires experience and ingenuity from us. You need to learn to notice the signs of moisture deficiency in time and find out experimentally how much to pour for a particular bush. And without mastering this wisdom, the yield will be spontaneous, depending on the weather, and not our skill and desire.

Preface

You can bet on weather forecasters' forecasts - whether they will come true or not. However, growing vegetables requires consistency, so, regardless of weather conditions, experienced gardeners ensure constant watering of crops. Tomatoes need irrigation according to a special scheme, which we will discuss in this article.

Tomatoes are a southern crop that loves warmth, sunlight and moisture. The latter often becomes a stumbling block for novice gardeners - watering for some reason leads to results that are directly opposite to those expected. Well, no one is immune from mistakes, but who said that you should definitely learn from your mistakes?

Just like that, late blight comes to life, the spores of which end up in a favorable environment - places of burns. They will also begin to actively develop during sprinkling in cloudy weather. There is only one way out - water the tomatoes at the root or along the furrows between the rows. Drip irrigation will allow you to organize watering over a large area, and if you grow tomatoes in open ground strictly for yourself, then you can do it with a watering can.

The main difficulties encountered when watering with a hose are unwinding a long coil between the beds, trying not to damage the plants, and then, at the end of watering, winding up the heavy “sleeve” filled with water. But there is a way out if you buy this one.

It is short enough that you can quickly unroll it, but then, when water runs inside, it extends 3 times thanks to different properties internal (hard) and external (soft corrugated) shells. When you turn off the water, it will begin to shrink, returning to its previous size and, accordingly, will pull itself out of the rows. Alternative solutions no, just, as before, unfold and roll up the heavy, difficult-to-give coil.

Before watering tomatoes, do not forget to prepare the water - it should be warm, heated in the sun, not lower than the soil temperature. The optimal water temperature is around 24–26°C. In the case of drip irrigation, you can heat the water in a central container to which all the hoses are connected, and if you water from a bucket, then use all the buckets and basins that are at hand for heating.

This is why experienced gardeners often have their entire yard filled with containers of water. They especially love rainwater for its gentle effect - indeed, rainwater contains a lot of carbonic acid, which gives it such quality. Watering cold water from a hose can damage the root system of plants and also upset the acid balance. Tap water is hard, so before watering it needs to be softened with a small amount of compost or an infusion of collected weeds.

In sunny, hot weather, watering should be started in the evening, when the sun is already hanging over the horizon, or even completely hidden behind the treetops. A short summer night will be enough for the roots to absorb a new portion of moisture. In cloudy weather, you can water at any time of the day. To reduce the frequency of watering, avoid the formation of a crust on the surface of the soil and achieve the best moisture, be sure to mulch the soil in the beds.

Straw, peat, fallen leaves, even weeds can be used as mulch. The mulch layer should be at least 5 cm thick - this will not only retain moisture, but also reduce the number of weeds. Weeds need light to grow, and mulch will block the sprouts’ access to the rays. The top layer of soil will never turn into a crust if mulch is laid on top of the soil. Mulching with organic matter also provides the soil with useful substances, and over time improves the structure of the soil, making it lighter and airier.

For large volumes of plantings in open ground, farmers use special films that allow moisture and air to pass through, but completely protect the soil from sunlight. Cultivated plants They are planted in the holes made, and the weeds remain under the film - they cannot grow without light.

The latest research by scientists confirms that plants are capable of experiencing very real emotions - joy, fear, fear. Moreover, they are able to react not only to the irritant itself, but also to its precursors - for example, a fire lit nearby can cause fear long before the burn, and a gardener with a bucket of water causes genuine joy in plants.

Unfortunately, only very high-precision equipment can capture such emotions - so we would know much more about the desires of green pets. Gardeners can only read information from the appearance of plants.

So, if tomatoes in the open ground lack moisture, the leaves of the plants will look darkened and will begin to wither in the heat. When the tomatoes enter the active growth phase and begin to form ovaries, increase the water consumption rate in hot, dry weather to 5 liters once a week. When the ovaries begin to turn into juicy fruits, the frequency of watering should be doubled to prevent the soil from drying out.

How to properly water low-growing and tall-growing tomatoes? Tall varieties usually form many ovaries in different time– on the bushes you will see both ripening fruits and barely formed ones. Therefore, watering tall tomatoes does not stop until all the fruits have ripened - every 4 days, each plant needs to be allocated up to 10 liters of water. This amount of moisture will allow you to get large fruits.

Low growing varieties in open ground they usually ripen more uniformly, and therefore, as soon as the fruits begin to turn red, watering should be reduced to a minimum and then stopped altogether. This will avoid the appearance of cracks in the tomatoes, as well as infection with fungal diseases.

During the active phase of growth and formation of ovaries, plants need good feeding. In the case of tomatoes, we exclude the option of applying fertilizers through foliar feeding by spraying the foliage. All that remains is to apply fertilizing directly to the soil and in combination with watering. The second option is the most convenient; fortunately, the gardener has a variety of liquid and soluble fertilizers to choose from.

It is important to know that entering mineral fertilizers should be combined with the addition of organic matter - compost, chicken manure, weed infusion, eggshells, wood ash. This will allow you to maintain the acidity of the soil at the same level. In principle, you can get by with organic matter alone. For example, ground eggshell and wood ash.

It is enough to scatter a handful of such fertilizers into the furrows for watering and water the plants generously. Chicken manure can be added in the same way. The convenience of using these fertilizers also lies in the fact that they can be applied at any stage - at the time of planting or during the active growth phase. To speed up the fruiting phase and protect plants from late blight, you can prepare an infusion rich in many microelements.

To do this, dilute 2 liters of wood ash in 5 liters of boiling water and dilute the resulting liquid with cold water to a 10-liter volume. Pour a bottle of regular pharmaceutical iodine and a ten-gram sachet here boric acid. After this mixture has been infused for 24 hours, it can be used for its intended purpose. A liter of this infusion is diluted into a bucket of water, and up to 1 liter is added to each plant at the root.

​Similar articles​

Watering frequency

​After planting, the seedlings need to be watered abundantly - up to five liters per plant. Then you can “forget” about watering for about a week. How do you know if tomatoes need moisture? Pay attention to the top layer of soil. If the soil is dry, then it’s time to water the seedlings - because young plants have roots that are too weak to absorb liquid at depth. Tomato seedlings are usually watered once or twice a week. Tomatoes are suitable for large greenhouses and, compared to the previous method, require financial costs. True, the cost of purchasing special equipment will significantly simplify watering and save time.​

​And if water drops remain on the leaves or fruits, then in the bright sun such a drop becomes a lens that leaves burns.​

​You need to water such seedlings in the evening and in the morning, up to 2 liters of water per hole in clear weather, and in cloudy weather you can get by with a one-time watering in the evening.​

Watering seedlings is carried out as follows:

​It is very important what kind of water to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse - it should be warm, approximately the same temperature as the soil. In the morning hours it is most often cool.​

The best way to water

​On main question– how often do you need to water tomatoes in a greenhouse – we have already partially answered above.​

​All that remains is a hose, a bucket with a ladle and drip watering of tomatoes in the greenhouse. What's better?​

​What conditions need to be created by this capricious plants? How and how much to water tomatoes in a greenhouse to get good harvest?​

​Never direct liquid onto leaves or fruit. If droplets of water remain on the leaves, this will damage them. As a result, late blight spores can germinate. Watering tomatoes in open ground is not such an easy procedure as it might seem at first glance. This matter has its own characteristics and nuances. Tomatoes love warmth and sunlight, but not heat!​

​When the bushes begin to bear fruit, the volume of water can be gradually increased. However experienced gardeners It is not recommended to get carried away, since high humidity in the greenhouse can provoke the development of late blight and other fungal diseases.​

What water to water

​Advantages of drip irrigation:​

​It is better to water the tomato at the root, which provides a sufficient amount of water to the entire plant and at the same time the air humidity remains the same.​

Video “Watering tomatoes”

In addition, you can add a solution of potassium permanganate to the water.

How to water tomatoes in a greenhouse and maintain normal air humidity

​On initial stage moderate watering is needed, about a teaspoon of water per plant;

​If you water late in the evening and leave the greenhouse closed to avoid hypothermia, the humidity in the air will increase, which is harmful for tomatoes.​
Let's repeat:

Features of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

​So:​
​So:​​Tap water is very hard, it can affect the decrease in acid balance and soil temperature. You can also water in the morning, the main thing is to monitor the water temperature.​
​The frequency of watering a tomato plant in open ground depends on how quickly it dries out. You need to moisturize it abundantly, once a week - this will be enough, provided that there is no rain. If there is any precipitation, you need to do this less often. There should be enough liquid in the ground after the start and before the tomato stops pouring. If you do not water tomatoes in open ground on time, they will become small, and even worse, they may even fall off the ovaries. They don’t need to be irrigated often, but the main thing is to do it right.​
​We water tomatoes in open ground rarely, but abundantly - about twice a week. How to water tomatoes in hot weather? Here it is customary to proceed from climatic features area, because in different regions The heat comes at different times. Seedlings just planted in the beds need moist soil, so they should be watered more often. We adhere to the same regime when setting tomato fruits. And in between, we water as usual - twice a week.

• ​moisture gets to the roots
• ​Water for watering tomatoes should be settled and warm, preferably at the same temperature as the soil.​

​The frequency of watering largely depends on weather conditions:​

Before planting seedlings, water the prepared holes abundantly;

• ​The photo shows late blight of tomatoes, which often affects them due to high humidity​
  ​Very young plants need to be allowed to grow. Their still small roots are not able to reach moisture located at great depths, so they need to be watered as the top layer of soil dries out;

​When watering plants with a hose, it is difficult to measure the amount of water. This method is inconvenient because large areas the hose has to be pulled far, risking damage to the fit;​

Rules for irrigating tomatoes

Tomatoes are moisture-loving plants, but they tolerate short dry periods quite well;

Watering methods

What kind of water to water the tomatoes also plays an important role. After planting plants in open ground, water them every week, once or twice. Sufficient quantity- approximately five liters for one bush. Most perfect option For watering a tomato, use rainwater.​
​And when the tomatoes have developed and grown, the lack of moisture in them can cause them to crack. ​
​As in greenhouse conditions, tomatoes in open ground do not like “soul”. So you only need to water the spaces between the rows of plants, avoiding moisture getting on the leaves and stems. As for the water, it must be heated, ideally to the temperature of the soil. For example, if the earth has warmed up to +24⁰, then the water temperature should be approximately the same.​

• ​reduce water consumption​

• ​When it is sunny, it is enough to water the tomatoes once a week, spending 3 to 5 liters of water on each plant;​ ​If the seedlings are hardened, then they do not need to be shaded, but need to be watered once a day. For such seedlings, 2 to 3 liters of water per hole will be enough;
  ​But daytime watering occurs with sufficiently warmed water, and after it the greenhouse can be ventilated before the cool of the evening sets in.​
• ​When planting seedlings in a greenhouse, tomatoes are watered very generously, pouring up to 5 liters of water onto each plant. After this, there is no need to water for 7-10 days;
  ​The water pressure from the hose should be moderate​

​In different periods of the growing season, watering rates should differ: young seedlings are watered often, but moderately, adult plants - not often, but abundantly. And during the period of fruit ripening, tomatoes should not lack moisture;

Irrigation frequency

After planting, tomatoes do not need to be moistened frequently.
​When to water tomatoes? Early morning or evening, before sunset. In hot weather, it is better to postpone watering, but in cloudy weather, watering time does not matter. After all, in the absence of sun, moisture cannot evaporate before it is absorbed into the soil. Watering should be alternated with loosening - tomato roots need access to air.​

• ​exclusion of soil leaching and salinization​
• ​To reduce the hardness of water, it can be mixed with manure or compost. The best water for watering tomatoes - rainwater containing carbonic acid.​

​When the fruits appear, you need to water them 2 times a week.​

• It is better to water the seedlings in the morning, before the sun begins to shine;
  ​Of course, all these problems can be solved: the water can be heated if necessary, the greenhouse can be equipped with a fan heater, etc. And since there is no need to frequently water tomatoes in a greenhouse, this procedure can be timed to coincide with weekends, when you are constantly on the site.​

​Planting seedlings “in the mud”​

• ​You can water from a bucket of known volume and accurately dose the moisture, but carrying full buckets with you is also not very pleasant.​

What time of day is best to water tomatoes?

​You need to especially carefully monitor soil moisture when planting seedlings densely
​In the recording, an experienced gardener talks about proper watering tomatoes that are grown in open ground.​
​In open ground there is also no need to pour water often. The right thing to do is to do this less often, but with plenty of water. This is the basic rule that must be followed immediately after planting. But if it is done often and in small portions, this is not correct, and besides, such watering can negatively affect the fruits.​
​The main purpose of feeding tomatoes is to saturate the plants nutrients to obtain good fruit yields. This can be either the application of fertilizers to the soil or foliar feeding. In addition, an important task of every gardener is to combat crop diseases. For this it is better to choose not chemicals, but proven “folk” remedies.​

​minimize physical effort for watering​

​Let's look at each of them in more detail.​
The frequency of watering also depends on the tomato variety:

Conclusion

If the watered soil has dried out during the day, you can water it in the evening before sunset with 1 to 2 liters of water per hole. In this way, moisture will be retained in the root system.​

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​We hope that the information presented above, as well as the video in this article, helped you better understand one of the main issues in growing tomatoes. In addition to watering, they also need other care, but you will learn more about this from other materials on the site.​

Before the formation of ovaries and fruits, tomatoes also do not need frequent watering. During this period, you yourself must decide how many times to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse, observing their condition.​

​In addition, both of these methods lead to the formation of a crust on the surface of the earth as it dries, and to the need for frequent loosening.​

Watering tomato seedlings

Advice. You can easily determine whether plants have enough moisture: if upper leaves begin to curl, urgent watering of the tomatoes in the greenhouse is necessary. But cracks on the fruits indicate the opposite - the frequency or intensity of watering needs to be reduced.​

​Such a harvest is the result proper care and watering

​If there is intense heat during the day, it is better to water the tomatoes after it subsides, literally before sunset. Since at night the liquid is well absorbed by the root system of the plant.​

• ​Regular baker's yeast contains minerals, organic iron and various trace elements. To feed tomatoes, you need to prepare a special solution - take a kilogram of yeast per five liters of water. Before watering, this solution must be diluted again with water (1: 100). Fertilizing is carried out in the spring, when the plants are actively growing. However, ash must be added along with fertilizing, since yeast tends to absorb potassium from the soil.​

• ​Watering tomatoes from bottles is one of the types of drip irrigation, which is based on the use of ordinary plastic bottles and a little labor of your own hands.​
• What is the best way to water tomatoes?
• Low-growing varieties are not watered very abundantly and over time they stop watering altogether, which is why an almost simultaneous harvest is obtained;
• ​But the seedlings cannot be flooded, as the soil will become dense and there will be no access to oxygen, which is why it will begin to wither.​

Tomatoes are watered abundantly, but rarely. Such watering forms a good strong system roots.​

Irrigation can be rare, 1-2 times a week, but very abundant, so that moisture penetrates to a depth of 15-20 cm;

However, this can be avoided if you mulch the tomatoes in the beds;

​It is very important to maintain air humidity at around 60%. If you protect tomatoes from high humidity in wet weather open air is almost impossible, then in a greenhouse, it would seem that they are not afraid of the vagaries of nature.​

​Many summer residents agree that growing tomatoes is quite difficult in our climatic conditions. This culture is sensitive to the slightest changes in environment, responding to them with diseases, wilting, and shredding of fruits.​

​By appearance A plant can be determined with the naked eye whether it has enough moisture. If it is deficient, the leaves will become darker and wilted. When the fruits begin to set, the amount of water when watering will need to be increased.​

​How to get rid of onion flies forever - the best ways are here​

How often to water tomatoes

​How to organize watering tomatoes from bottles? The video shows in detail the process of making such a homemade watering system.​

• ​For a small-sized greenhouse it is best suited​
• ​Tall varieties are watered every 4 days with 10 liters per plant.​

​Please note​

• If tomatoes are watered little and often, the roots will take moisture from the surface of the soil and will not be strong and deep.

• ​Attention! After watering, carefully monitor the microclimate in the greenhouse and when the humidity rises, be sure to ventilate it by opening all the windows.​

​The most worthy method is drip watering of tomatoes in a greenhouse, and there are several reasons for this. This includes the elimination of physical labor and the preservation of the structure of the top layer of soil, and the absence of excess evaporation leading to increased humidity.​

​But there is a risk here greenhouse effect when, after abundant irrigation, moisture actively evaporates, settling on the fruits and leaves. Therefore, the instructions on how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse recommend regular ventilation.

How to water tomatoes

​It is much easier to create suitable conditions for them in protected ground, but even here you need to strictly observe certain rules. In this article we will talk about how to water tomatoes in a greenhouse.​

​No matter how much you watch videos about planting, growing and caring for tomatoes, it’s easier than reading an article - nothing will happen. After planting tomatoes in open ground, The best way for their watering - drip.

• ​A solution of raw milk with iodine will reliably “scare off” many garden pests. This product must be applied as a spray, after which the leaves are covered with a thin film of lactose and milk sugar. This repels insects and prevents the entry of diseases. Recipe for iodine-milk solution: water (4 l), milk (1 l) and iodine (15 drops).​

• Watering tomatoes with bottles
• ​manual watering​
• ​Please note​

​If a day after watering, the soil is damp or compacted, then you need to reduce the amount of water.​

​In addition, you should not water frequently, as the tomato fruits will crack and become watery, so they will begin to drop, and fungi will appear in soil that is too wet. But with infrequent watering, when the soil dries out, the fruits also begin to crack, and the bush itself rots from above.​

​When tomatoes begin to ripen, frequent watering can speed up ripening. But here it is important not to overdo it, since excess moisture can cause various fungal diseases to develop (see Tomato diseases: their varieties and how to deal with them), for example, late blight.​ ​And the watering itself occurs slowly and evenly, preventing drying out and waterlogging.​​Based on these conditions, plants should be cared for.​

​The decision to grow tomatoes in protected areas external influences conditions are accepted depending on climate zone region and weather conditions, which can vary greatly depending on different years. However, they are planted in greenhouses not only in northern latitudes or in the middle zone.​​This method is very easy to set up with my own hands. Plastic bottles will make your life easier. When using this method, productivity increases. It also has a beneficial effect on the preservation of fruits and plants from the disease blossom end rot. It will be correct if you add literally two or three pinches of ash per ten liters of liquid to the water for irrigation. Also, for a good harvest, you can sprinkle ash on the ground around the plants.​

​How to properly water cucumbers so that they do not turn yellow or taste bitter, see here​

• ​Automatic irrigation system​
• ​using a hose or watering can. Despite the certain “labor-intensiveness” of the process, with the help of manual watering each tomato bush will be provided with water in the required volume. However, it should be remembered that the water should not be too cold, so you need to take it to stand in a barrel. When watering, direct the hose only to the roots to avoid sunburn.​
• If the tomato seedlings are not hardened, then they simply need to be shaded from both the sun and the wind. For this you can use agrofibre, spunbond or shading mesh.​

Watering tomatoes with bottles - video master class

Watering seedlings depends on the quality of the seedlings, the quality of the soil and the weather. Tomato seedlings are watered every day for 7-10 days. As soon as the seedlings have strengthened and begun to grow, you need to carefully and shallowly loosen the soil.

​This is one of the most controversial issues. Not everyone thinks about it simply because they can only do work on the plot and in the greenhouse in the evenings, mornings and afternoons while at work.​

Advice. If you do not have the opportunity to equip a greenhouse with a drip system, the price of which is quite high, you can use its primitive analogue: dig a cut crop near each plant. plastic bottle without a lid and water through it. Water will flow evenly to the roots without wetting the ground.​

​Experienced plant growers, who have been growing tomatoes for a long time, literally feel the condition of their pets and know when they need to be watered and when it is better not to do this, but they are not always unanimous in their opinion about what type of irrigation is better and at what time of day to do it. Let's try to figure it out.​​In the south of the country, this crop suffers not so much from sudden frosts, but from high humidity, leading to diseases.

How often to water tomatoes in a greenhouse

​If you find a hard crust on the surface of the earth, be sure to loosen it immediately. This often happens after heavy watering or after a rainstorm. And if there is mulch of cut grass on the ground near your plants, then it is not necessary to loosen the soil every time.​

​Properly organized watering of tomatoes is an important part of care when growing crops. Follow our recommendations and bountiful harvests fragrant red fruits are guaranteed to you.

Features of watering tomatoes in open ground

​– great option for large polycarbonate greenhouses, in which tomatoes are usually grown on an “industrial” scale. The installation of such equipment can be entrusted to specialists or done independently, based on a previously drawn up planting plan in the greenhouse. However, if you have a small greenhouse and grow tomatoes “for yourself,” then it is better to choose a less expensive method of watering tomatoes.​

​Drip irrigation​

​It is better to water along the furrows or directly at the root: there is no need to water the fruits, leaves, ovaries and stems; such watering may cause fungi to appear.​

The best way to water tomatoes - types of feeding

Shading is done all the time until the seedlings get stronger.

Watering tomatoes with yeast: nutritional supplement

​You should alternate watering with loosening approximately 3 after 3, that is, they watered, after 3 days they loosened, then after 3 days they watered again, etc., until the tomato bushes become strong and tall.​

​In warm to hot weather, it generally doesn't matter when to do it, but if it's cool outside, it's best to water in the middle of the day. Let's explain why.​

Watering tomatoes with iodine with milk: a universal remedy

​The neck of the bottle should be located as close as possible to the root system​

​Tomatoes really don’t like it when water gets on their stems and leaves, so they are always watered only at the root. It is clear that a watering can and sprinklers have nothing to do in a tomato greenhouse.​

​. And in greenhouses you have the opportunity to regulate and control the microclimate with your own hands.​

​When watering, the stream of water should be directed to the place where the plant is planted, that is, at the root.​

Tomatoes, which must be planted and cared for in open ground correctly, are not a very demanding plant. The yield of any variety directly depends on the method of growing seedlings and subsequent care.

Although the tomato is not a capricious plant, it does not tolerate excess moisture, is not friendly with wind and drafts, and at the same time requires warmth and sun. Before growing tomatoes in your garden, you should carefully familiarize yourself with such a guide as the technology of growing tomatoes. Without knowledge of gardening, you are unlikely to grow anything. Today we will tell you how to plant tomatoes correctly and tell you the secrets of growing them.

Tomatoes are one of the most delicious vegetables that are used in many dishes. Many tomatoes began to be planted in the ground back in the 16th century. South America. In European countries they were exclusively decorative decoration gardens, since their fruits were mistakenly considered poisonous. Today, this vegetable is widely used in cooking - salads, juices, pastes, marinades - this is not the entire list of delicacies that can be prepared from this product. But in order for a tomato to be tasty and the dish to turn out unsurpassed, it needs to be grown correctly, and not everyone can do this.

Purchase and landing

Few people know how to plant tomatoes correctly, so they make a lot of mistakes, which significantly affects the yield in the future.

The first and most important stage is right choice seeds or plant seedlings. When buying tomato seeds, make sure that the label says “for open ground.” Varieties intended for cultivation in greenhouses will not survive in open ground conditions and will die, and you will waste money, time and nerves. As for the growing period of tomatoes, it should be no more than 100 days. This fact must also be indicated on the packaging. Planting tomato seeds is a fairly simple task and is probably known to all garden lovers

Growing tomatoes in open ground begins from the moment you remove the seedlings from greenhouse conditions and replant it outside. Tomatoes are planted in open ground from late May to early June. It is very important that there are no night frosts at this time, because this can destroy the entire crop.

Tomatoes should be planted in non-acidic soils; avoid places where used to grow up potatoes, the most the best option For growing tomatoes in open ground, there are beds where compost was previously taken out or where there was ashes. If there is no such place on your site, then a week before planting tomatoes, prepare the soil by fertilizing it well and digging it.

Primary watering and planting

Before planting tomatoes in a hole, you need to water it with a small amount of water and only then insert the seedlings there. The depth of the hole directly depends on the height of your seedlings. It is very important not to dig in the entire seedling. All you need is for part of the soil to cover the soil pot.

2 weeks after planting in the ground, the seedlings are planted to a depth of about 12 cm. In order for tomatoes in the open ground to fully grow, develop and bear fruit, a distance of 30 cm must be maintained between them.

If you don’t know how to plant tomatoes correctly and are doing it for the first time, then we’ll tell you a secret. If you have seedlings with thin stems and short stature, then it is recommended to plant them at a certain angle - this will allow the plant to short time gain the required mass.

Common varieties and care of tomatoes after planting

Growing tomatoes in open ground differs significantly depending on the type of tomato, and there are a huge variety of them. Modern science There are more than 2000 types of tomatoes.

The most common crops that give a good harvest in our conditions are the following:

• cluster tomatoes;
• hybrid species;
• ordinary tomato;
• beef tomatoes;
• cherry;
• green tomatoes;
• white and yellow species;
• ribbed and pepper tomatoes.

Speaking about the most “grateful” varieties that will certainly appreciate the courtship of housewives, it is impossible not to mention the following types tomatoes:

• Alexander- tall plants that produce fruits weighing 150 g;
• Blagovest- early tomatoes, very resistant to diseases and pests;
• Waterfall- an ideal plant variety for pickling, but prone to diseases;
• Demidov - large-fruited variety tomatoes, which is characterized by a pleasant fruit taste;
• Pickling delicacy- the name itself speaks of the value of the fruit, which has a pleasant taste and average fruit size;
• Midas- characterized by yellow and orange pepper-shaped fruits;
• Search- a new selection, this type of tomato is capable of producing up to 1 kg of fruit from one bush;
• Sultan- unpretentious to weather conditions and has a pleasant taste.

Each type of tomato has its own characteristics, but caring for their growth differs little. Planting tomatoes in open ground is only half the work done. The main thing is how you care for the plant.

Caring for tomatoes in open ground is somewhat different from greenhouse care.

After planting, you can water the tomatoes for the first time after 10 days so that they take root a little. It is recommended to water the tomatoes for the first time with a solution of potassium permanganate: this will not only nourish the plants, but will also make it possible to avoid contamination of the tomatoes with harmful microorganisms.

You need to prepare in advance small pegs for the plants that will help them climb up. Reinforcing bars can be used as supports.

Planting tomatoes in open ground conditions is a very stressful period for the plant, so weak specimens will immediately begin to wither. This fact indicates that tomatoes receive little sunlight, but don’t despair and don’t dig anything up. In a couple of weeks they will acquire a healthy appearance and will definitely please you with good yield.

When and how to plant tomatoes in open ground (video)

How to trim stepsons after planting

Caring for tomatoes in open ground requires special care: you need to constantly monitor the plant and prevent the stepsons from growing. Stepchildren are lateral shoots that appear on the plant after some time. These shoots are taken useful material and water. If they grow, then this plant will not bear fruit. It is for this reason that it is very important to remove the shoots before they become more than 5 cm.

If you cut off shoots larger than 5 cm, you can cause damage to the plant. severe stress, since after this a wound may remain and the tomato will wither. A tomato in open ground will bear fruit successfully if you carefully follow the above instructions for caring for the plant. Small stepsons need to be removed in sunny weather, since the wounds from them heal much faster during this period. If you want to grow the most productive tomatoes, then this stage of tomato growth cannot be ignored.

The method of growing tomatoes in open ground requires cutting off new leaves on the stems that appear with the first color. After planting tomatoes in the ground, wait a couple of weeks and then remove half of the small leaves.

Planting tomato seedlings in the ground (video)

Pollination of tomato flowers

Speaking about how to plant tomatoes correctly, I would like to separately mention the topic of pollination. In order to attract pollinating insects to the tomato inflorescence, it is recommended to plant honey plants in the same beds, for example the following:

• mustard;
• rape;
• coriander;
• basil and others.

They say that these plants not only help fast growing tomato, but also give it a specific sweet taste. To activate pollination of tomatoes in open ground, it is recommended to shake the plant stem 2 times a day.

Is it necessary to pick off leaves from tomatoes (video)

Proper watering of seedlings

The method of growing tomatoes and their yield directly depends on the quality and quantity of watering. Low-growing varieties of tomatoes require watering 4 times:

• at the beginning of growth (after planting);
• after 20 days of their growth;
• after flowering;
• at the end of June (if planted in May).

Tomato growing technology different varieties in principle, it differs only in the amount of watering and the volume of fertilizer. Tall varieties of tomatoes require watering a little more often than ordinary ones. If the weather is dry, watering must be done every 3 days. It is very important to use infused water when growing tomatoes in protected soil. Never use tap water, cold water or liquid just collected in the well. This will negatively affect the growth of the plant and ruin your harvest.

The best watering option if you planted a tomato in open ground is a technique that involves a trench. In a row planted with tomatoes in open ground, lay a shallow trench and fill it with water. Each plant from that trench will take for itself the amount of liquid it needs.

How to water tomatoes (video)

Tomato fertilizer

The topic of fertilizer is very relevant in such a process as agricultural technology for growing tomatoes. Many people are mistaken in the mistaken belief that tomatoes require fertilizer only before planting. When growing tomatoes in open ground, you need to pay attention to their appearance. It can say a lot about the plant. And it is by their appearance that we can draw conclusions about the tomato yield this year.

The distance between plants must be strictly observed, because in the future there may be problems with fertilizer. There are times when some of the plants gain too much mass in the stem or leaves, while the rest, on the contrary, are too skinny. In such situations, each plant must be treated individually. Those plants that are very dry need nitrogen fertilizers, and those that gain weight too quickly suffer from excess nitrogen, so they need to be fertilized with phosphates. To get the most productive tomato fruits, it is recommended to fertilize the plants with ash, but only during flowering.

There are cases when even with optimal temperature air, the plant develops very poorly. This means you have chosen the wrong soil.

This often happens if a river flows nearby. The soil is simply too cold to grow tomatoes. In order to correct the current situation, it can be insulated using horse manure. It is very important to fertilize tomatoes with manure or chicken droppings after the plant has developed lateral roots, that is, no earlier than a month after planting.

Don’t forget to remove the color after replanting the tomato in open ground. For plants that develop in a greenhouse, the color is kept for 1 week longer and only after that it is removed.

Diseases of ground tomatoes and methods for identifying them

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to achieve the desired result and productivity of tomatoes planted in the ground. This happens in most cases due to pests and diseases that overtake the plants.

Among the most common diseases that can affect the growth and productivity of tomatoes are the following:

• late blight;
• macrosporiosis;
• streak;
• septoria;
• late blight;
• stolbur;
• top rot.

Harvesting from ground tomatoes

The final stage in growing tomatoes, which begins with planting tomatoes in open ground, is harvesting. It is this moment that serves as the result of your caring for tomatoes in the open ground, the correct planting and fertilization. The tomato harvest in open ground usually occurs at the end of August. At this time, you need to collect brown tomatoes. Do not touch green fruits: this will harm the plant. You should not keep already ripe tomatoes in the open ground for too long: this will reduce the yield, since ripe tomatoes will continue to absorb water and nutrients, and fruits that are not yet ripe will be limited in this.

The main difficulty in caring for many vegetables is proper watering. It is important to walk a fine line between abundant watering and flooding the crop. in this regard, they are quite demanding, because it is important to choose the right frequency of this event, and also take into account several nuances. They will be discussed below.

How many times a week should I water my tomatoes?

So, the question is almost always formulated exactly like this, but don’t think that simply moistening the soil in time will be sufficient. The fact is that this crop needs soil moisture of almost 90%, but its roots will begin to rot in a matter of days if the moisture does not leave.

Here we can say about tomatoes in open ground that they should be watered as in the saying: rarely, but accurately. In other words, watering all plantings twice a week is the best solution. Why can’t you water tomatoes in hot weather as often as possible, but little by little? Of course, this type of soil moisture is one of the most common, but it is not suitable for tomatoes. It will affect not only the growth of the crop, but also the quality of the harvest, and will only have a negative impact.

In many ways, the way you water in hot weather depends on the growing season of the tomato. In different regions, the heat comes at long intervals, so here it is better to focus on the growth period. When you just moved it to your site and planted it, the plant needs constantly moist soil. Therefore, watering can be somewhat more frequent. We will repeat this regime in the future, when the period of mass fruit set begins. Between these intervals we return to watering twice a week, but abundantly.

Is it possible to water tomatoes from above?

No less interest Ask, because not every crop likes to take a shower, and the tomato prefers wet roots, but completely dry stems. You might think that during a hot period it is better to water all the plantings in the evening and thereby cool them, but we immediately abandon this idea. Only at the root, in the furrows. You can water from above, but only between the rows of the tomato, and at the same time watch to see if moisture gets on the leaves.

Even if you decide to refresh the plantings from above when the sun has already set, this will not be a guarantee of safety. And in the future you will have to deal with such “pleasant” moments as late blight or burns on the leaves. And remember that a strong stream of water can wash away the soil and expose the roots, which is also detrimental to plantings.

When is the best time to water tomatoes in open ground?

Next we will touch on the water itself. Cold water from a well is not the best The best decision. The simplest answer to the question whether it is possible to water with cold water is the fact that the temperature of the water and soil for tomato seedlings should, if possible, match. If the earth is warmed up to about 24° C, then drinking water from a cold well is clearly the wrong decision. It’s not for nothing that many sites have large barrels for collecting rainwater. They will be the best option: the water is much softer and will be to the taste of your plantings, and in the barrel it will be warmed up in any case.

And finally, another no less interesting point is what time of day is best to water tomatoes. It is clear that on a hot, sultry day you should always refuse to water any plant, as this will only harm it. Ideally, this is early in the morning, or in the evening, but at least a couple of hours before sunset, so that the water can be absorbed into the soil. If the weather is a little cloudy outside, there is no watering time. special significance, since without the sun there is no risk of moisture evaporating before it has time to be absorbed. And by the way, you can’t water and forget about loosening, because without access to air for the roots, tomatoes in open ground die. Alternating watering, loosening and resting the plantings will give excellent results.