Ramadan dates. Holy month of Ramadan for Muslims
Among all Muslim holidays, Bayram is one of the most important.
Its other name, common among believers, is Eid al-Fitr. It is celebrated for three whole days a month, called Shawwal in Arabic, and marks the end of the Ramadan fast. That is why it is also called Ramadan Bayram. We will talk more about this holiday below.
Establishment of a holiday
According to Islamic traditions, the holiday of Ramadan Bayram was established by the founder of Islam himself, the Prophet Muhammad. This happened in 624. Since then, the Ummah, that is, the worldwide community of believers, has celebrated this day annually, as required by their religion.
Celebration image
In Christianity, during Easter, believers greet each other with the words “Christ is risen!” A similar exclamation for Ramadan Bayram among Muslims is the phrase in Arabic"Eid Mubarak!" It is translated as follows: “Blessed holiday!” Days of celebration in most traditionally Muslim countries are considered holidays at the state level, which means that at this time almost everyone has days off and no one works. The day begins with ablution, which has ritual character. Then it is obligatory to visit the mosque, where public prayer is held with the reading of a special text - Eid prayer. This is a special prayer book in Arabic dedicated to this holiday, and therefore it is read only once a year.
Features of Eid prayer
This ceremony begins at dawn and continues until lunch time. At its core, it is a form of prayer. It is best to do it in the mosque together with other believers, but if circumstances prevent this, then namaz can be performed at home alone, but also no later than the lunch azan. In addition to prayer, on this day you need to give zakat - obligatory alms, which is one of the pillars of Islam. Moreover, this should be done before the holiday prayer begins. Ramadan Bayram should be celebrated by all Muslims; on these days one is not supposed to mourn, and therefore zakat alms are most often given to the poor so that they can buy for themselves new clothes and eat well.
What do you do on holiday?
Like any celebration, Bayram is a holiday on which tables are set and refreshments are served. Believers go to visit each other and invite each other to share a friendly meal. It is also very important to visit your parents and other relatives. If this cannot be done in person, then at least you need to send a card or otherwise convey your congratulations. Ramadan Bayram also demands that all the sick, lonely and poor are not forgotten. Therefore, religion prescribes to pay attention to such people and participate in their lives with a gift, a visit and a treat. Children, as a rule, also receive gifts from their parents and spend time in games and fun. Also, deceased relatives are not forgotten on Bayram. The holiday involves believers visiting the graves of their dead and performing funeral prayers for them. As for enemies, the traditions of this day require a person to reconcile with everyone with whom he was in a quarrel and make peace.
There is also a special tradition of praying the night before the holiday. According to Islamic traditions, prayers offered at night on the eve of the Bayram holiday have special power - the ear of Allah is especially attentive to them, and if a person pronounces them sincerely, then they are credited to the person. The only thing is that it is recommended not to overuse vigils on the holiday night, so as not to oversleep the most important prayer in the mosque in the morning.
The meaning of the holiday
In general, in Islam there are only two dates of Muslim holidays, the significance of which is so great. In addition to the Bayram described above, this is Eid-ul-Adha - the day dedicated to the end of the pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca to the Kaaba. Bayram, as mentioned above, is the result of the Ramadan fast, during which every believer is required to abstain from food, drink, entertainment and intimacy until sunset. This is done in order to strengthen willpower, free up time for spiritual exercises, and engage in good deeds, pacify desires and extinguish your passions. Both Hajj and fasting are self-efforts made in order to advance along the path proposed by Islam. It is the completion of successful spiritual work that is celebrated in these great holidays. At the same time, existing moral standards require Muslims to maintain within themselves the level of perfection that was achieved during these pious exercises. That is, the end of the holy fast of Ramadan does not mean that you can now return to all your previous sins and bad habits. Quite the contrary, having left once, they must be left forever, and thus the time of fasting becomes a time of internal transformation. This is necessary to gain Allah's pleasure and approval.
What kind of holiday is Ramadan?
Muslim calendar, which is based on lunar year, as a rule, there are few holidays that have great importance for all Muslims. However, a holiday like Ramadan is given special preference.
Ramadan, also known as Ramadan, is the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar. Ramadan is considered a month of strict fasting. According to Muslim custom, in this month the first spiritual revelation was delivered to the Prophet Muhammad through the messenger Jibril. All this happened in 610, when Muhammad was in the Hira cave, which is located near Mecca, where he quite often retired for religious services. This and subsequent revelations that were sent to the prophet constituted the sacred book of Islam, called the Koran.
Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the main obligations for all Muslims. It is prescribed in order to increase the awareness and appreciation of Muslims' own actions and the accurate execution of Allah's orders. Throughout the day it is strictly forbidden to eat, drink, indulge in various amusements and enjoy pleasures. Muslims always devote daytime to prayers, reading the Koran, charity, work, as well as religious thoughts and actions. In addition to the standard 5 prayers, every day, when night falls, an additional prayer-namaz is read, which is called tarawih. As a rule, taraweeh is read after the fifth prayer. In the last ten days of the month of Ramadan, a more active righteous life is led, including the commemoration of the night of the Prophet Muhammad receiving his first revelation. During this month, you can drink and eat food only after sunset and until the time it rises. Only children, sick people, and also soldiers who take part in hostilities are exempt from fasting, but still, unfulfilled fasting must necessarily be compensated at another time. According to the mullah, during Ramadan, Allah rewards the godly for every mercy he performs.
The end of fasting and the holiday of Ramadan is the second most important among all Muslim holidays - Eid al-Fitr, which is considered the holiday of breaking the fast. It begins to be celebrated at sunset on the last day of Ramadan and is celebrated on the 1st and 2nd of the month of Shawwal following Ramadan. At this time, all Muslims should reflect on the spiritual values they acquired during the celebration of Ramadan. Muslims consider this holiday a day of salvation, forgiveness, reward and reconciliation.
The celebration of the holiday begins with a special prayer in the mosque. After finishing the prayer, the Islamic priest asks Allah for his acceptance of fasting and forgiveness. After all this, the believers, fingering their tasbih beads, begin to recite zikr in the whole crowd - these are the words of ritual remembrance of Allah. Zikr is carried out according to a special formula and in a certain way, out loud or silently, accompanying all this with certain body movements.
After prayer in the mosque they cover festive table and give alms to the poor. Saadaka is collected from every adult on the day of the end of the fast during Ramadan. It is collected only from wealthy Muslims. It is listed as a voluntary donation.
In almost all Muslim countries, on the days of Eid al-Fitr, one is supposed to visit the graves of deceased relatives. On the second day of Eid al-Fitr, the fast of the month of Shawwal begins, which lasts 6 days.
The month of Ramadan 2017: the essence of fasting, schedule, calendar, what is prohibited in Ramadan
The month of Ramadan 2017 (Muslim fast) begins on the evening of May 25th with the onset of evening after the moon is visible in the sky and these data are so far according to preliminary calculations.
As for the exact start date of the month of Ramadan, depending on the countries of the world, it can begin 1 day in advance or later according to the decision of the highest religious officials. As the month of Ramadan approaches, the exact date for the beginning of the fast will be determined individually by the leaders of the religious clergy of each country in Islamic countries.
The beginning of fasting in 2017, within the framework of the holy month of Ramadan, is considered to be on the morning of May 26 and it lasts 30 days (± 1 day) depending on the lunar calendar in different countries of the world according to the decision of the ulama councils.
The Essence of Ramadan
The month of Ramadan is a month of cleansing from sins and fasting during this month is considered one of the 5 pillars in the Islamic religion. The month of Ramadan (Ramadan) begins after the end of the month of Sha'ban and after Ramadan the month of Shawal begins. It was in the month of Ramadan that the holy book “Quran” was revealed to the peoples of the world, in which it is clearly written about this month that righteous Muslims need certain days in the month of Ramadan, categorically refrain from prohibited acts (gunahs) and during the daytime refuse to eat or drink.
Month of Ramadan 2017
In fact, this month is also called “Ramadan” by many peoples. It is the ninth in the Muslim calendar. If you use Gregorian calendar, then the beginning of the month will change annually. This holiday is the most important and most revered for all Muslims. This holiday month falls on May 26th this year. The end of the holiday month will take place on June 25. This year the duration of Ramadan is 30 days.
Every new month in the Islamic lunar calendar begins immediately after the new moon. It is worth considering that the lunar calendar tends to be shorter than the Gregorian calendar, for this reason the shift in the start date of fasting occurs by approximately 11 days in relation to modern calendar. It is also worth remembering that in countries with a Muslim population, the beginning of Ramadan is determined using astronomical calculations, and in all others, thanks to direct observation of the moon. You can also use authoritative statements of famous Muslims, which can determine the beginning of the holiday. For this reason, the definition of the beginning of fasting differs depending on the location of the state in which the faithful live.
Features of Ramadan holiday
Contemporaries include this holiday on the list of obligatory holidays for all Muslims. This month marks fasting, also called saum. He is one of the pillars of modern Islam. Throughout the month, devout Muslims are prohibited from eating during the daytime. They are also not allowed to drink, smoke or make love throughout the holiday, the purpose of which is to atone for all their sins. In other words, fasting is a test of willpower, after which a person’s spirit will be able to triumph over his carnal desires. The faithful can focus their attention on inner world. This will allow one to identify or destroy sinful tendencies, as well as repent of sins already committed. A person gets a chance to overcome his own pride and come to terms with the will of the Creator. The duration of this fast usually ranges from 29-30 days, which is explained by the peculiarities of the lunar calendar. The fast begins at dawn and ends only with sunset or the evening adhan.
Intention for fasting Ramadan
Before starting the fast, the faithful need to say their intentions, the form of which will be something like this: “I wish to fast Ramadan today, for the sake of Allah.” Muslims must finish their morning meal 30 minutes before dawn and begin breaking their fast. This meal is called suhoor, and breaking the fast is called iftar. You should break your fast with water, milk or dates, as well as other foods. Every day after the end of evening prayer, the faithful perform a collective Tarawih prayer, which includes from 8 to 20 rakats. The final stage of the month is associated with the onset of the night of al-Qadr. On the first day of Shawwal, timed to coincide with the end of Ramadan, breaking the fast is held. At this moment, Muslims perform early morning Eid prayer. Also, the faithful must pay obligatory alms, which is called zakat al-fitr. This festival is the second most important for the Muslim community around the world.
Giving up needs to strengthen the human spirit
Thanks to the complete renunciation of the most basic human needs during hot days, it allows the faithful to prove how strong their faith is. During this period, Muslims try to cope with their passions and instincts. In addition to external cleanliness, it is also necessary to maintain internal cleanliness during this period of time. This means that a Muslim must free himself from various thoughts that can defile a person. The fast of a believer who was unable to achieve purity of his thoughts and actions cannot be considered valid, since “Allah does not need abstinence from food and drink from someone who has not given up falsehood.” Muslims are of the opinion that spiritual and physical fasting of Ramadan can significantly improve a person’s state of mind.
Ramadan and Koran
The fast only lasts for a certain number of days. If a person is sick or traveling, he can postpone the fast to another time. Those who are able to fast while doing deeds must atone for their deed by giving alms to the poor. If someone did a good deed out of personal conviction, then this will be counted towards him. It was in this month that the faithful received the Koran. This book is a true guide for a person. Any Muslim who finds himself in this month must fast. But here is an excerpt from the Koran that directly speaks about Ramadan and its influence on Muslims - “Allah desires ease for you and does not desire difficulty for you. He wants you to follow through a certain number days and exalted Allah for guiding you to the straight path. Perhaps you will be grateful."
At this time, Muslims need to perform their prayers with maximum responsibility than at other times. A month should be devoted to studying the Quran and performing good deeds. Muslims must also give voluntary (sadaqa) and obligatory (zakat) alms. Many Muslims who, for various reasons, do not perform namaz, usually begin to observe this rule of Islam again during this period. For this reason, the faithful are so enthusiastically awaiting the arrival of Ramadan.
What is prohibited in Ramadan?
During fasting, several actions are prohibited. It is worth considering that fasting will be considered a violation if it is committed during the daylight hours. This is about:
An unspoken desire to fast;
Intentional eating and drinking;
Smoking;
Sexual intercourse (it does not matter whether there was ejaculation or not), masturbation and ejaculation caused by stimulation;
Rectal and vaginal use of medications;
Swallowing liquid that gets into the mouth.
What is allowed in the month of Ramadan
At the same time, the law does not prohibit the following:
Unintentional ingestion of food and drink;
By administering the medicine through injections;
Donate blood;
Swim, but only if water does not enter your mouth;
Kissing if your partner's saliva is not swallowed;
Enjoy caresses that do not cause ejaculation;
Swallow saliva and phlegm that does not belong to another person;
Brush your teeth, but make sure that the paste does not penetrate into the throat;
Do not perform prayers.
Persons exempt from fasting
Those who are not Muslims have the right not to follow the rules. Also children under the age of majority and people with mental disorders. Old people and people who suffer from serious illnesses that do not allow them to cope with fasting may not observe Ramadan. To atone for this they must feed the poor. Pregnant women also do not have to fast if they are worried about their health or the health of their baby. They should follow Ramadan after the causes of disturbance have passed. As mentioned earlier, travelers can break their fast regardless of their physical condition or the complexity of the chosen route. If a person does not observe Ramadan, then he should not show eating or smoking to other Muslims. Also, in countries where the population is predominantly Muslim, it is prohibited to eat, smoke or use chewing gum during Ramadan.
Mandatory requirements
It is very important for those who are fasting to communicate their intention. The intention must be expressed with the heart. To do this, you can use any language that will be understandable to those who are fasting. If we translate this phrase into Russian, it should look something like this: “I intend to fast tomorrow (today) for the month of Ramadan, for the sake of Allah.” You need to say this phrase every day for the entire month. The phrase is repeated between night and morning prayers. An intention that was pronounced once a month for all subsequent days is not considered valid in any Sunni madhhab. The only exception is the Maliki madhhab.
What to do if your fast is broken
If the fast is broken, and there are no good reasons for this, then this offense will be classified as a sin. In case of unintentional breaking of the fast due to serious illness, the Muslim should fulfill the missed fast with 1 day of fasting. It is also fashionable to pay the poor person certain funds, which are equal to 1 grain of wheat. Other products purchased for an equivalent amount may also be used. In case the post was missed by another good reason, then the believer must observe it at any convenient time before the time of the next Ramadan comes. Sexual intercourse that was committed during daylight hours must be made up for by 60 days of constant fasting or feeding 60 poor people. If the fast is not observed for a reason provided for in Sharia, it is necessary to engage in repentance.
Good deeds
Based on hadiths and the Koran, doing good deeds during this period is considered very important for Muslims. If you follow the words of the prophet, Allah can increase the significance of each such act seven hundredfold, and the shaitan will be in chains during this period, so doing good during this period will be easier than at other times of the year. Devout Muslims should spend this month more time to study the Koran. They should not forget about alms and do other positive deeds.
Breakfast (Suhoor) at dawn
Suhoor is a breakfast taken at dawn throughout Ramadan. Food should be taken before morning prayer is to be read. Suhur and Iftar make it possible to replace the usual meals during this month for all believers. Muslims must perform suhur before the first sign of dawn. In this case, the reward for the faithful will be much greater. If the fasting person is not satisfied before dawn, then his fast will be maintained, but he will be deprived of a certain part of the reward, since he will not fulfill one of the requirements of the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad.
Evening meal (Iftar)
Iftar is the breaking of the fast or meal in the evening every day throughout Ramadan. Eating should be done after it is done evening prayer. Iftar can only begin at sunset. Do not postpone this meal until later in the evening. To break your fast according to the Sunnah, you should use dates or water. When Iftar is completed, it is necessary to say a special prayer called dua. It may sound something like this: “O Lord, for the sake of Your pleasure with me, I fasted, believed in You, relied on You and broke my fast, using Your gifts. Forgive me, O One whose mercy is limitless. Praise be to the Almighty, Who helped me fast and fed me when I broke my fast.”
Tarawih in the month of Ramadan
Tarawih can be translated as respite. This name is given to a special voluntary prayer that should be performed after night prayer. It continues until the sun appears at dawn. Tarawih can be performed independently or in a group. The prayer received this name because after every fourth rak'ah, worshipers have the opportunity to rest while sitting, bringing praise to the Lord.
During the life of the prophet, tarawih consisted of 8-20 rakats. Modern Prayer includes 20 rakats. It was approved by Caliph Umar, to which the Sahaba agreed. Today prayer is represented by 10 prayers, each of which consists of two rak'ahs. It must be performed daily throughout Ramadan. Prayer should begin after completing the night prayer.
Completion of Ramadan
During the last ten days of Ramadan, Muslims should be especially diligent in their prayers. During this period, it is best to visit mosques, as did the Prophet Muhammad, who retired to the mosque for this entire period. IN Last year of his life he spent 20 days in the mosque during the month of Ramadan. During solitude, do not forget about the need to pronounce your intentions. They need to mention that you have decided to spend solitude in Itikaf. After the believer leaves the mosque, one must return to the usual form of intentions. During this period, you should expect the night of al-Qadr.
Al-Qadr Night in 2017
This night is also called the Night of Power. It is generally accepted that the 27th night of this month coincides with the period when Surah “Inna Anzalnagu” was revealed to Muhammad.
This happened in the seventh century in a cave on Mount Jabal an-Nur. It was at this time, as confirmed by Islamic sources, that the praying Muhammad met with the archangel Gabriel, who pointed the prophet to the scroll and ordered him to read it. Muslims celebrate this night at the end of Ramadan. It is on the Night of Power that the faithful have the opportunity to ask forgiveness from the Creator for their own sins. This period should also be devoted to reading the Koran.
The holiday of breaking the fast of Eid al-Adha
At the end of Ramadan, a festival of breaking the fast is held, which is called Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Fitr in Turkic. In 2017, Ramadan is celebrated on June 25th. During this period, Muslims can perform a special prayer and also pay alms. Zakat al-fitr is alms that must be paid to the poor. Performing this act is obligatory for all believers. The head of the family must pay a certain amount of money for the entire family he cares for. If the child was born at night on the last day of Ramadan, then there is no need to pay alms for him.
Alms payment
You can pay zakat al-fitr in the mosque to a person who is authorized to accept it. You can also distribute food directly to those who need it. Alms are equal to one saa of bulk substances. For example, in European countries it is customary to pay alms in the equivalent of wheat or barley, in Asia they use rice for this, and in the countries of the Middle East dates. It is best to pay Zakat al-Fitr in food, as was customary to do during the time of the Prophet. Paying alms in money is only possible in the Hanafi madhhab. This obligatory charity allows one to atone (kafarra) for all kinds of mistakes that were made during Ramadan. It is also intended to provide assistance to the poor and those who need funds to celebrate Eid al-Adha.
Congratulations on Ramadan
Lent continues to be the most joyful holiday for believers on the entire planet. Muslims can congratulate their friends and loved ones on his arrival thanks to the words of Ramazani Kareem, which are the wishes of the generous Ramadan. Traditionally, at this time, one can wish Muslims - “May Allah please your eyes in Ramadan with sweet evenings and the friendship of the chosen ones, the mercy of the All-Forgiving and the paradise of the pious!”
Uraza calendar 2017: the holiday of breaking the fast, which marks the end of fasting in the holy month of Ramadan
Each nation has its own faith, and although significant holy holidays are also not very different from each other, they always fall on different days, for example, in 2017, Ramadan (or Eid) begins at sunrise on May 26 and ends after sunset on June 24.
Eid is the obligatory observance of saum (fasting) for Muslims for 30 years. calendar days, which consists of the five pillars (foundations) of Islam. During these 30 days, believers of Islam must give up drinking, intimacy, smoking and even eating. The beginning of Saum comes with the morning adhan and ends after the evening adhan after thirty days.
Before starting the saum, Muslims read the niyat: “Today I will perform the saum of the month of Eid, for the sake of Allah.” Before the morning azan, believers must finish eating (they call it suhur) and immediately break their fast; they are allowed to take milk, dates and water at iftar.
Every night, believers perform the ritual of Isha (night prayer), after which there is a collective prayer of Tarawih, it consists of 8 to 20 rakats. The mighty night of al-Qadar comes ten days before the end of Saum.
Eid al-Adha is celebrated on the first day of Shawwal, which comes after the end of Ramadan. Muslims perform Eid prayer (holiday prayer) and pay zakat al-fitr (alms).
Uraza calendar 2017: Uraza is a time of fun and joy
Eid al-Fitr is the second most important holiday in the Islamic calendar after Kurban Bayram. On the eve of the holiday, Muslims buy gifts for each other, prepare treats, and decorate their homes.
Four days before the holiday, women carry out general cleaning of the house, court premises, barns, and clean livestock. After finishing the cleaning, all family members must bathe, put on clean linen and clean themselves up.
In the evening the housewives cook traditional dishes oriental cuisine. Children deliver them to relatives, and there is a mutual exchange of treats.
You cannot work on Eid al-Fitr, so in most Islamic countries this day is a day off. There will be holidays in Russia and in the republics North Caucasus, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan.
On the holiday itself, it is customary to get up early and put on festive clothes. Muslims greet each other in a special way: “May Allah send His mercy to you and to us!”, “May Allah accept our and your prayers!”
An hour before sunrise in mosques after the sermon they read a holiday prayer - Gayet-namaz. Mostly only men attend prayers. At this time, women prepare treats at home.
After the men arrive from the mosque, the housewives set the table. In every house they wait for the arrival of guests, they also visit their neighbors and relatives and bring them sweets.
Before the start of the holiday, alms (fitr-sadaka) is obligatory - the distribution of property and money to those in need on the holiday. This year its minimum amount is 50 rubles.
In addition, on the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, it is customary to visit parents, do good deeds, give gifts, visit cemeteries and remember deceased relatives.
Uraza calendar 2017: These days, giving alms is not just a possible solution for a Muslim, but an obligatory action
The holiday of Eid al-Adha, sacred to all Muslims, in 2017 will begin on June 25 and last until June 28. This date can be found using the lunar calendar, which correlates with the Islamic calendar.
Now we need to find the month of Shawwal, which immediately follows Ramadan. This is the end of the search, because the holiday of Eid al-Adha falls on the first three days of the month of Shawwal. There are quite a few lesser known ones, but important rules. For example, it is important to take food with your right hand.
If you use cutlery, it should also be in right hand. It is very important to show special attention and hospitality to guests, even if they are your old friends: you need to leave the best food, choose for guests best places and let them feel at home, without hinting that they are still a guest.
What is customary to prepare for the holiday table?
The main product from which most festive dishes are prepared for Eid al-Adha is lamb. It is used to make rich soups, roasts, snacks, and meat salads.
The festive table depends on folk traditions. If in Tatarstan they bake pancakes in the morning and put pies on the table, then in the Central Asian republics pilaf is an integral attribute.
In Saudi Arabia, people eat sweets, dates, and fruits in the morning. At noon you need to eat a hearty meal so that the table is on next year was not empty.
In Kyrgyzstan, the holiday is called Orozo Ait. The believer must visit seven houses, taste the prepared dishes and read prayers.
In Turkey, people also enjoy sweets during Seker Bayrami. The youngest relatives are obliged to visit the oldest.
Every summer, for a whole month, the entire Muslim world observes the strictest fast - Ramadan. Its dates are constantly changing. Ramadan 2017 - the beginning and end of the period - falls on May 26 - June 25. Being one of the five pillars of Islam, fasting occurs in the ninth, one of the hottest months of the Lunar calendar. The essence of the restrictions is the manifestation of special perseverance during the exhausting heat, the path to spiritual enlightenment through restrictions on food, drink and any kind of pleasure. In Arabic, fasting sounds like “saum” - which means “to refuse”, “to abstain”. You can easily learn about what you can and cannot eat during Ramadan and its schedule in any mosque or from a conversation with a wise believer. In Moscow and others Russian cities Muslim believers adhere to the same traditions as followers of Islam around the world.
Beginning and end of Ramadan in 2017 - dates
The beginning and end of Ramadan in 2017 fall on May 26 and June 25, respectively. The ninth month of the lunar calendar begins with the onset of the new moon following the month of Sha'ban. Once the new moon is confirmed, fasting becomes obligatory for every adult Muslim. Restrictions on food and water intake at this time are imposed only during the daytime - from sunrise to sunset. In Muslim countries, all entertainment venues, daytime restaurants and cafes are closed at this time.
When does Ramadan begin and end in 2017?
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Lunar calendar used in the Muslim world. It always begins with the new moon. Believers are officially notified of the beginning of fasting in all mosques, the media and literature. Information is already available on the Internet that Lent 2017 begins on May 26. It ends on June 25th. During these days, Muslims strictly fast, completely denying themselves food and water during the daytime, and also eating more modestly than usual after sunset. Strict restrictions and constant prayers that accompany Ramadan help the faithful to free themselves from impure thoughts, immerse themselves deeply in the study of the Koran, and understand the essence of each of the sutras.
Schedule of Ramadan 2017 in Moscow
Today, every fifth Russian professes Islam. Great amount Orthodox believers live in Moscow, Dagestan, Bashkortostan, Tatarstan and Crimea. Of course, each of them, who considers it their sacred duty to strictly adhere to the rules of fasting, knows about the need to find out the schedule of Ramadan and the exact onset of the first fast day. You can find out the start and end times of fasting at any mosque. Islamic websites constantly post all such information on their pages. On the eve of the month of Ramadan, local television channels always announce the start time of fasting.
How to find out the fasting schedule for Ramadan 2017 in Moscow
You can find out the exact Ramadan fasting schedule for 2017 on our website. Please note that there is a slight difference in the start and end times of restrictions for each day due to the movement of the Moon. Use your fasting time correctly - help those in need, support the elderly, work with children more often, reading them suras from the Koran.
What not to do during Ramadan
Fasting Ramadan is obligatory for every adult Muslim. At this time, before sunset, you can not only eat, but also drink. At the same time, injections prescribed by a doctor necessary to maintain health and vital functions are permitted. Swimming during the daytime is also not prohibited - you just need to be careful not to accidentally swallow water. Children, the sick, the elderly, pregnant women and travelers are exempt from restrictions on food and drink. However, this does not mean that during Ramadan they are allowed to have fun by visiting clubs and other entertainment venues. Before dawn of each next day, a true Muslim prays, declaring his sincere intention to fast.
Examples of restrictions in Ramadan - What not to do during fasting
In order to help oneself observe a difficult fast, which prohibits the consumption of food and water during the daytime, every believer says niyat daily (in the period between night and morning prayers) - a prayer-intention for obligatory adherence to all the rules of fasting. Despite the fact that drinking during the day during Ramadan is prohibited, bathing can be done at any time of the day. Frequent washing and rinsing your hair will help you cope with heat and restrictions more easily.
What can you eat in Ramadan?
Any food or drink during the daytime throughout the entire month of Ramadan is completely excluded. The first meal (iftar) immediately follows the evening prayer. The best foods suitable for this time are dates and other dried fruits, mineral water, and tea. Dried fruits saturate the blood with glucose, and mineral water restores the water-alkaline metabolism disturbed during fasting. For iftar, low-fat pilaf is often prepared, vegetables are baked, cereals are boiled, and unleavened flatbreads are baked. The main rule for eating at this time is not to overdo it, “stocking up” for the day ahead. This can disrupt not only digestion, but also the activity of the cardiovascular system - an organism that has not received food for a long time will find it difficult to cope with the consequences of overeating. The Suhoor meal should be even more modest, but you need to drink more.
How to eat better during Ramadan and what you can eat
During the daytime, food and water intake is prohibited for all healthy, adult Muslims. Pregnant women, old people and children are completely exempt from fasting and can eat anything. Mentally ill people do not observe Ramadan. The beginning of the first and last meals for each day of the month of Ramadan can be found out from the fasting schedule. The basic rule of eating is to eat modestly, do not overeat, drink a large number of mineral water, tea, weak coffee. The healthiest foods before the start of the next fasting day are considered to be dates, dried apricots, raisins, and prunes. During Ramadan, the body better absorbs boiled chicken and fish, rice, cereals, and baked vegetables.
Ramadan 2017 - the beginning and end of the main fast of all Muslims - can be found out from the schedule published on many websites dedicated to Islam. Residents of Moscow and other Russian cities can get all the information about what you can’t do during fasting and what you can eat on these days in mosques. The beginning and end of Ramadan are also always reported in the media.
For every Muslim, the holy month of Ramadan is not only a period of strict fasting, but also a symbol of spiritual and physical purity, an opportunity to get rid of sinful deeds and thoughts, and to prove one’s devotion to the Almighty. Translated from Arabic, “Ramadan” means “hot” or “sultry” - indeed, believers have to observe many severe restrictions and mandatory ritual actions throughout the month. In addition, on the Arabian Peninsula, which is considered the “cradle” of Islam, fasting has long occurred during the sweltering summer heat. What date does Ramadan 2017 start? The beginning and end of the holy month are determined by the lunar calendar, so each year the event falls on different dates. Today we will find out the schedule for Ramadan in 2017 for Moscow, as well as traditional features - what you can eat and what you cannot do during this important Muslim fast (eid).
Ramadan 2017 – beginning and end of the holy month
According to ancient legends, during his stay in the cave of Hira near Mecca, the prophet Muhammad received the first divine revelation from the angel Jibril - this happened an important event in the month of Ramadan (Ramadan) 610. Together with subsequent revelations received by the prophet from the Almighty, the holy book Koran was compiled. The holiday became widespread in 622.
What date does Ramadan begin and end in 2017?
According to the Muslim (lunar) calendar, Ramadan is considered the ninth month, and its beginning and end are determined annually by learned theologians. In 2017, the holy month will begin on May 27 and end on June 25, after which strict fasting will be replaced by the cheerful holiday of breaking the fast - Eid al-Adha.
Month of Ramadan 2017 – schedule-calendar of prayers for Russia (Moscow)
During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims are required to observe strict fast(hurriedly), adhering to a specially compiled schedule - for Russia, the UAE, Tunisia or another country. So, in Moscow, Ramadan in 2017 begins on May 25 at 9:06 pm and ends at 9:20 pm on June 24. During strict fasting, a mandatory ritual for every devout Muslim is prayer, which is traditionally read in the morning after waking up, during the day and in the evening before going to bed. We bring to your attention the Ramadan fasting schedule in 2017 for Moscow - following our calendar, you can perform namaz according to all the rules and at a certain time.
Schedule for the month of Ramadan 2017 – for Moscow
What can you eat in Ramadan - nutrition rules during the holy fast
The main rules of Ramadan are restrictions on eating, drinking, smoking and intimacy. Thus, the soul and body are cleansed from sins and various negativity. As for nutrition during holy fasting, there are rules and restrictions. Thus, with the onset of Ramadan, all Muslim believers can eat only after sunset - this dinner is called iftar. According to tradition, the whole family gathers at the table after evening prayers, local time. Every day fasting begins at dawn and ends with the last ray of sun - and so on for the entire month of Ramadan.
Food and water for Ramadan - features of fasting
According to Islamic canons, the morning breakfast (suhoor) should end before dawn, and the evening meal (iftar) should be served only after sunset. Before starting your meal, take three sips of water and eat a few dates. Each meal is preceded by a special prayer - pre-dawn or evening. What can you eat during Ramadan? Despite strict fasting, different dishes are served for the meal - meat, cereals, vegetables. The most popular drinks include tea, coffee, milk and water.
Ramadan - what Muslims should not do?
During the holy fast of Ramadan, there are a number of restrictions and prohibitions for Muslim believers. What should you not do during Ramadan? It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol and different types and drinks, smoking and inhaling tobacco smell, as well as engaging in intimate relationships during the daytime.
During Ramadan, the following may not fast: mentally ill Muslims, pregnant and lactating women, children, old people, travelers.
So, now you know what month Ramadan 2017 is in, the beginning and end of the holy fast, as well as the schedule-calendar of prayers for Moscow and other cities. What can and cannot be eaten during Ramadan? By following our recommendations, you will be able to keep your mind up correctly - according to all the religious rules of Islam.
Where will Fatih Sibagatullin hold his “avyz achu”, how much will the Ramadan tent in the Yardem mosque hold and to whom Muslim fasting is contraindicated
Today at sunset, in Kazan it is 20:08, the Muslim holy month of Ramadan begins, which will end at sunset on June 24, after which Eid al-Adha will be celebrated all over the world. About why the place and time of the republican iftar changed several times, who Gusman Iskhakov and his family will remember on the first night of Ramadan, as well as what the official size of the sadak is this year, read in the BUSINESS Online material.
V Republican Iftar this year year will pass June 15 at the Kazan Tennis Academy
IT WILL NOT BE ABLE TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF COMING TO THE REPUBLICAN IFTAR BY ONE AND A HALF TIMES
Today, in all mosques of Tatarstan, Muslims will gather for the first tarawih, that is, night prayer, which is performed only during Ramadan. The holy month will begin today at sunset, in Kazan it is 20 hours 08 minutes. Let us remember that, according to the Muslim calendar, a new day begins not at midnight, as according to the Gregorian calendar, but at sunset. Tomorrow, at 01:15, Muslims need to complete their morning meal - suhur, after which it is possible to break the fast only at 20:09. The period of abstinence during daylight hours from food, drink, and intimacy in Ramadan 2017 will be up to 19.5 hours!
This year, the duration of Ramadan is 29 days, it will end on June 24 at sunset, and on the 25th, Muslims of Tatarstan will gather for the festive prayer of Eid al-Adha. In mid-May, at the plenum of the Muslim Spiritual Board of the Republic of Tatarstan, the amounts of sadaka, or alms, that are customary to be given during the holy month were announced. They are calculated according to a special scheme. So, this year the amount of compensation for each missed day of fasting will be 200 rubles. That is, if a Muslim who, for a good reason, did not keep up, for example, was sick, can pay this amount daily. The expiatory one-time sadaka-fitr, which can be given throughout the month, but it is advisable to do this immediately before Eid al-Adha, will amount to 100 rubles for ordinary Muslims and 600 rubles for rich ones. The last to be recognized this year are those who have nisab, that is, the minimum income or property from which it is necessary to pay zakat - an annual tax in favor of those in need. This year the amount of nisab is 198 thousand rubles.
Meanwhile, the 5th Republican Iftar this year was initially supposed to take place on the first day of Ramadan. Due to the upcoming Confederations Cup games, the mass breaking of the fast could not be held at the traditional venue - Kazan Arena, so they first chose the Central Stadium, where they planned to invite not 10 thousand people, as last year, but one and a half times more. We even managed to print out and partially distribute invitation cards indicating the location - Central Stadium. But this week it was officially announced that a different time and place had been chosen for the grandiose “Avyz Achu”. A super meal will be held on June 15 at the Kazan Tennis Academy.
Due to future Confederations Cup games, the mass breaking of the fast could not be held at the traditional location - Kazan Arena.
According to one of the organizers of the event, the president of the Russian Muslim Association Aidara Shagimardanova, there are several reasons for the next transfer. For example, the Central Stadium during a football tournament will serve as a training ground for participating teams, but the main thing is time pressure: “Not all guests had time to receive an answer about their participation in iftar. This will become known closer to June 15th. At the Tennis Academy, sunset prayer will be performed on the football court, and tables will be set at interior spaces sports facility." The only drawback of the Tennis Academy is that it is unlikely to accommodate 15 thousand people there, as planned. As the President of the APM was informed by the Muslim Spiritual Directorate of the Republic of Tajikistan, the academy can accommodate 10 thousand fasting people, but a maximum of two to three thousand places can somehow be found.
FASTING FOR A SICK PERSON IS SUICIDE
Eid is one of the five pillars of Islam; fasting during the month of Ramadan is the duty of every Muslim. But with a caveat - a healthy Muslim, says Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Ravil Valeev. The head of the department of phthisiology and pulmonology of KSMA believes that before fasting, you need to consult your doctor.
— We must proceed from the fact that, according to the Koran, sick people traveling have the right not to fast. This is due to the fact that since the advent of Islam, the range of known diseases has seriously expanded. For example, we are talking about diabetes mellitus. With this disease there is mandatory requirement- fractional meals. This year the holiday falls on summer period, and a person who abstains for a long time not only from eating, but also from drinking, especially a person with diabetes, disrupts the water-salt balance of the body, because the person must work, especially if he is engaged in physical labor, and will sweat in the heat, therefore, accordingly, he must replenish the water-salt balance. He's with p O Tom loses fluid, salts, and vitamins. This loss may come back to him with some kind of disease.
- So, the cheer is only for healthy people?
— It is generally accepted that if a person dies during the fast, he immediately goes to heaven. Let's talk from a common sense point of view. If a person dies from a disease that progresses during the uraza, then, probably, the Almighty will not welcome it. This is one of the great sins - suicide. Intentional causing harm to health.
— On ordinary days, each person should drink two to three liters of water... But what should a fasting Muslim do?
- If you drink two or three liters at once early in the morning, then this is an extremely large load on the cardiovascular system, because this liquid enters through the gastrointestinal tract, the heart must distill these three liters, the kidneys, seeing such a large amount of water, say: we don't need that much liquid. And all this will go away with urine, and such excessive use will lead to nothing but harm. We must proceed from the rule that the military had before the campaign: people were given black bread with herring so that they could drink water, or tea and salt, which, on the one hand, retained water, preventing them from sweating too much. And this can be used, but in moderation. It is advisable that a person drinks at least half a liter in the morning.
—What do you think about the fact that some people fast exclusively on water?
- If a person does not have excess weight, then this will lead to elementary dystrophy, which now affects teenage girls who want to be like a Barbie doll. I had to treat such people. After all, after elementary dystrophy, tuberculosis occurs, and its severe form. One of them was barely saved, she was treated for two years...
“This year we are opening an additional tent with 200 seats,” said the imam of the Yardem mosque, Ildar Bayazitov.
“YARDEM”: “WILL BE CONDUCTING IFTAR FOR 1200 PEOPLE”
As reported in the Spiritual Directorate of Muslims of the Republic of Tatarstan, as last year, daily iftars will be held in 30 mosques in Kazan, and in 20 mosques the Koran will be read in full during Tarawih prayer. By the way, after a year-long break associated with the aggravation in relations between Russia and Turkey, 38 Turkish Koran-hafiz, that is, people who know the Holy Book by heart, should come to the republic to conduct Tarawih prayer. As for the “avyz achu” meal, it is expected that the number of people breaking their fast will increase. So, according to the imam of the Yardem mosque Ildara Bayazitova, they are expecting some changes in their Ramadan tent this year.
“This year we are opening one more tent. Now we will hold iftar for 1200 people. We will put up last year’s tent, designed for 1000 people, and another new one for 200 people. This was done due to the large influx of people wishing to break their fast. We decided to do as much as we can. There will be a daily cultural program, we will specially invite the popular toastmaster Gamil Nur, he will be in one tent, our hazrats will lead in the other. The menu is traditional - first course, second course, pies, fruits and vegetables. There will also be a suhur - a morning meal, and anyone can come there,” says Bayazitov.
Iftars are most often organized by private individuals; this does not necessarily happen in mosques. “I host iftar at my home every year. According to our tradition, although there is only one Islam, every nation has its own tradition. I consider our religion to be traditional Tatar Islam, where, unlike Arabic, the role of the mullah is high. Before the meal begins, I reconcile different sides, I provide an opportunity for informal communication. Once there was a misunderstanding between the imams of the Al-Marjani mosques, Mansur Hazrat, and “Khater” Kharis Hazrat, who this year became the laureate of the Tukaev Prize. So I sat them down in front of each other, and they made peace,” a State Duma deputy told BUSINESS Online Fatih Sibagatullin.
Here's a businessman CEO KZhK Logistic LLC Iskander Zigangaraev, as in previous years, plans to invite Muslims to . “I am planning to host a vegetarian iftar again. But I don’t know the exact time yet. I myself very rarely eat meat during the holiday. Maybe once or twice a week, and then fish or chicken. During Suhur, I generally only drink water, I can also eat fruit...” Zigangaraev told our newspaper.
Keeping a Muslim fast is not an easy test. Although, according to the ex-mufti of Tatarstan Gusman Iskhakov, who celebrated his 60th birthday the day before, “everything depends on fear of God and sincerity; if the love for Allah is strong, then no hunger or thirst is felt.” For many years, the ex-leader of the republic’s Muslims had a tradition - for the first iftar, all the Iskhakovs gathered at their mother’s, the famous Rashid abystai, who passed away a year ago. Tomorrow, Hazrat Gusman invites his family and friends to a tent at the mosque in the village of Petrovsky, where his sister’s husband served as imam Suleiman Zaripov, who disappeared without a trace in February last year. “We, along with all the relatives and friends who came to iftar, will pray to Allah for Hazrat Suleiman to return home,” says the former mufti of Tatarstan.
Ramadan or Ramadan is the holy month of Muslims. Its dates are determined depending on the changing phases of the moon. The Islamic synodic calendar is shorter than the Gregorian calendar, so every year the beginning of Ramadan is pushed back by 10-11 days. In 2017, this month falls between May 27 and June 25. (Some sources indicate: with evenings Friday, May 26th and d about the evening:
Ramadan (Ramadan) is translated from Arabic as “hot”, “scorching heat”. The title contains the very essence of the post. The task of every devout Muslim this month is to prove the strength of his faith, to renounce unclean deeds and thoughts despite the sweltering heat. In Turkic languages, this fast is called uraza (oraza).
History of Ramadan
Muslim tradition says that it was in the ninth lunar month that the Prophet Muhammad received the first message of the Koran from the angel Jibril. The event dates back to 610. At that time, the main herald of Islam indulged in prayer in the cave of Hira near Mecca, where the first sura of the Koran was revealed to him. Ramadan received special status in 622.
Respect for the ninth month of the lunar calendar is repeatedly mentioned in the Koran. Muslims call the fast "mubarak", that is, blessed. It is believed that the value of a good deed performed at this time increases several hundred times. For example, a minor pilgrimage (umrah) is equal in importance to the hajj (visit to Mecca), and voluntary prayer is rewarded in the same way as obligatory prayer.
Fasting in Ramadan
During the holy month, Muslims are required to follow strict restrictions on food, pleasure and entertainment. The purpose of fasting is to cleanse yourself physically and spiritually, to pacify base instincts and passions. An important component of Ramadan is intention (niyat). It is said daily, between night and morning prayers. The niyat goes something like this: “I intend to fast tomorrow (today) for the month of Ramadan for the sake of Allah.”
During the ninth month, Muslims abstain from food and drink, smoking (including hookah or other mixtures), and sexual intercourse. Swallowing any liquid (such as water) while bathing, as well as skipping niyat, is considered a violation of fasting.
As a rule, during Ramadan they eat twice a day. The morning meal is called suhur, the evening meal is iftar. It is advisable to complete Suhur at least half an hour before dawn, while Iftar should begin immediately after evening prayer. According to the Koran, the best food for breaking the fast at night is water and dates. Skipping Suhoor and Iftar does not break the fast, but keeping these meals is rewarded with additional rewards.
During Ramadan, it is customary to limit oneself in entertainment and pleasure. Muslims devote daytime to work, prayer and reading the Koran. The unshakable tradition of the holiday is performing good deeds. Muslims believe that hunger and restrictions during fasting make wealthy people sympathetic to the troubles of the poor. During Ramadan, it is customary to engage in charity, give voluntary and obligatory alms.
To the five obligatory namaz (prayers) one more is added. It is called tarawih, which translated means “rest” or “respite.” The prayer is performed voluntarily after the obligatory night prayer (isha) and continues until the first signs of dawn. Tarawih consists of 10 prayers of 2 rak'ahs each. After every four rak'ahs, worshipers rest while sitting, hence the name of the ritual.
Who is exempt from fasting?
The strict requirements of Ramadan do not apply to children, the elderly, the sick, pregnant and lactating women, and travelers. However, violation of fasting must be compensated by abstinence at a more convenient time for the person. The elderly and seriously ill, instead of strictly observing customs, are allowed to feed the poor or give them alms.
Completion of Ramadan
The last ten days of the holy month are especially important for Islam, because at this time a revelation from Allah was sent down to Muhammad. Exact date the event is unknown, but most Muslim countries celebrate its anniversary on the night from 26 to 27 days of Ramadan. The holiday is named Laylatul-Qadr, which means “night of predestination.” For a Muslim, this is a time of repentance, persistent prayer and reflection on his mistakes.
The fast ends on the first day of the month of Shawwal; its end is marked by Eid al-Fitr (also known as Eid al-Fitr), one of the main Islamic holidays. In 2017 it falls on June 26-27. On this day, Muslims perform a solemn prayer (Eid prayer) and certainly distribute alms in the form of dry food products or money. Followers of Islam greet each other with the words “Eid Mubarak!”, which means “Blessed Eid!”