Homemade knife sharpener, drawings, dimensions. About the design and creation of a homemade machine for sharpening knives. Tools for sharpening knives with your own hands.

A knife is a dangerous but useful item. It is impossible to do without it in the kitchen, on a hike, while hunting, or when working on various machines with cutting elements. Any knife must be looked after so that it does not lose its sharpness. That is why it is necessary to have a reliable knife sharpening device on hand. Craftsmen sharpen them on a factory-made sharpening machine, but the simplest device can be made independently. The main thing is to know the specifics of sharpening cutting tools so as not to make mistakes in the calculations.

Even housewives have several knives for different purposes. One device is used to cut bread and baked goods, another to cut meat, and a third to chop cartilage and bones. There are hunting and fishing knives. Each of them differs from the other by its individual sharpening angle. This concept defines the purpose of the cutting object.

Manual sharpening of cutting tools is a painstaking task that requires strict adherence to the angle. Factory machines make this task easier, but are very expensive - from 20,000 rubles and more. If you are a fan of homemade crafts, you can make a device for sharpening knives with your own hands, and if you need drawings, you can always find them on the Internet. It will take time, but it won't cost that much. It is known that homemade devices They are no worse than factory ones and serve for many years.

The concept of sharpening angle

Its size is different for one type of blade or another. The angle dimensions for different cutting tools look like this:

• 8-12 degrees for straight razors;
• 10-15 degrees for fillet knives;
• 15-20 degrees for household tools;
• 20-25 degrees for knives for fishing and hunting purposes. Depending on the needs of the hunter or fisherman, the angle can be greater - up to 40 degrees;
• 30-50 degrees for blades special application(for example, for a machete, which is used for cutting and chopping bamboo, vines and tree trunks).

Whetstone and its features

The process of sharpening knives is impossible without a sharpening stone. Like emery, it has different degrees of grain size - fine, medium or coarse. This division is conditional for different countries. An approximate gradation of a sharpening stone looks like this:

• from 200 to 250 - extra-coarse fraction, which is not used for sharpening;
• from 300 to 350 - rough. This sharpener is used to process blades that are damaged or severely dull. Also, the coarse fraction is used if you plan to change the sharpening angle;
• from 400 to 500 - average. It is rarely found in retail sales because craftsmen rarely use it;
• from 600 to 700 - small. These bars are universal and suitable for most knives;
• from 1000 to 1200 - extra fine. With its help, you can give the blade the same shine as a mirror.

There are whetstones made from diamonds, ceramics or slate rocks. They can be natural or artificial. Bruschi natural origin wear out faster than artificial ones. Among them, small-fraction products are rarely found.

Before use, you need to treat the bars with water. As liquid is absorbed and sharpened, the abrasive particles turn into a thick paste. The paste promotes high quality sharpening. For greater effectiveness, you can use soap mixed with water.

When choosing a bar, you need to take into account its shape and length. The length of the sharpener should be longer than the blade. It is most convenient to work with a double-sided sharpener , when on one side of the bar there is a fine-grained abrasive, and on the other there is a coarse-grained material.

Rules for manual sharpening of knives

Handle the machine without skills manual sharpening impossible. If you are new to this business, you first need to learn how to sharpen blades using a whetstone. Knives sharpened by hand have no worse cutting quality. The algorithm of actions when working with a bar looks like this:

• Place the block on a flat surface. Use a medium- or coarse-grit whetstone;
• secure it so that it does not fall off the table while working;
• determine the sharpening angle (its number will be equal to half the angle that is selected);
• hold the blade at this angle;
• all movements must be consistent: do not put pressure on the sharpener;
• start sharpening in the opposite direction from you;
• Make sure that during one pass the blade passes the entire area of ​​the block. This can be achieved by gently turning the handle of the knife as the blade approaches the rounded edge of the whetstone;
• After each movement, try to keep the blade on the surface of the stone. Do not let it break, so as not to dull the knife and damage it on the side;
• Make all movements back and forth consistently, slowly.

During the process, monitor the changes on inside blades. A hangnail should appear on it. It looks like a thin edge. The hangnail is carefully felt. At the same time, you cannot place your finger along the blade. Place your finger perpendicular to the position of the blade on the block: this will help avoid injury. After finding the edge, start sharpening the knife on the other side so that the burr transfers to it and becomes smaller.

After finishing sharpening, replace the medium-grained whetstone with a fine-grained sharpener. This will help grind off any remaining edges and smooth out the surface of the blade. You can polish a knife so that it shines like a mirror. To do this, use a fine-grained block, and make movements only in one direction, away from you.

Making homemade devices

For working with knives there is different models“device” and full-fledged manual machines. If desired, any of these devices for sharpening knives can be made with your own hands. Sometimes scrap materials left over after home renovations and spare parts from old devices help out. Thanks to imagination and ingenuity, craftsmen make both simple and complex devices:

• sharpener "House";
• electric household knife;
• sharpener LM;
• manual device made of an angular frame and a whetstone;
• for planing knives;
• for linear machining with a block;
• for jointing knives;
• for sharpening ice drill blades;
• sharpener on wheels.

Sharpener "Domik"

Simple but effective adaptation for sharpening. You need to take a small block with an upper edge shaped like gable roof. Each edge should be inclined at an angle of 20 to 25 degrees. The blade of the knife is tightly fixed to the ridge of the “roof”, and its other side is processed with a block or a circle in the horizontal direction. Thanks to the roof-shaped beam, the angle of inclination always remains unchanged.

Electric household knife

If you improve the power machine that you already have at home, you can get an improved device. With standard electric sharpening, problems arise with uniform pressure on the blade. To ensure uniform pressure, it is necessary to supplement the design of the machine with a guide mechanism. You will need:

• wooden blocks;
• 4 bolts or the same number of studs (M8 thread);
• 4 clamping nuts;
• dowels for working with wood.

The guide should be located opposite the electric sharpener. The slider moves along it evenly. Place where the guide is fixed: a workbench or a pre-made bed. A groove is cut in the longitudinal direction in the frame for its mobility, and the tripod is fixed with two pins. They drill into two blocks side holes, then insert one pin into them and tighten them with clamping nuts.

Fixing devices are attached on both sides of the movable carriage. When sharpening, the carriage is set at the desired height, securing it with clamping nuts. The tripod is adjusted depending on the size cutting tool, which is moved along both guides in the process.

Sharpener LM

The Lansky Metabo sharpener is difficult to make. Most often, professional sharpeners work with it. To work with such a project you will need drawings. It is designed in such a way that the sharpening angle can be changed depending on the type of cutting tool. Its clamps are designed in such a way that when the root part of the blade is fixed in them, the maximum sharpening angle can be achieved. The LM sharpener is often used for sharpening jointing knives and thicknesser cutting elements, and the clamps are made from blocks or metal corners.

Information!

At self-assembly There are many difficulties with such a design - due to large number complex elements.

Manual device made from an angle frame and a whetstone

It’s better not to try to assemble a complex machine right away, but to stop at a simple tool. Using improvised means, you can make a kind of corner structure with a touchstone built into it. When adding a carriage to the device, there is no need to constantly maintain the sharpening angle manually. For the carriage you need a triangular block and a magnet that will attract the metal blade to itself.

Sharpening planing knives

A device for sharpening planing knives is a rare occurrence. It is almost impossible to buy such a machine, so craftsmen are engaged in improving the machines that were originally available. To create a “planing” device, you will need a regular low-speed water-cooled sharpener. Fresh, unused coarse material with a smooth surface is used as a grinding stone.

Linear machining device

A device for linear machining with a block is a complex machine model that can be handled by a person with experience in carpentry. Have to take:

• plywood or chipboard covered with laminate;
• a steel pin with a “long” thread (pin diameter from 6 to 8 mm);
• textolite or ebonite block (or wood, oak or beech);
• aluminum plate (plate thickness from 3 to 5 mm);
• fastening nuts;
• Neodymium magnet.

We assemble the base of the machine from plywood. We install the bed on legs. You need to screw a long hairpin into the lower part, and carefully cut off the rest. We fix the aluminum plate in the middle. A groove must be made in it, the diameter of which corresponds to the bolt. Aluminum is a soft metal that will not harm the blade, so using any other material is not recommended.

Emery or whetstone must be attached to the machine using a lever. It can be made from the part of the hairpin that remains. The devices that fix the block are cut out of textolite, and the stop is fixed with a nut. Where the handle is located, it is better to immediately spring the block. This mechanism will make it easier to replace an old sharpener with a new one. After springing the block onto the aluminum plate, glue the sandpaper or sharpener. Depending on the working surface area, the number of sharpeners of different fractions can be from 2 to 3.

The advantage of this machine is the movable hinge, which has two degrees of freedom. It is assembled from two textolite bars of the same size. The first block is placed on a pin located vertically. This is necessary to create horizontal axis when turning the blade, and also to adjust the height of the lever. This design always provides correct angle sharpening.

A hole is made in the second textolite block in the horizontal direction for a lever. After this, the second block is screwed to the first, and the lever will move freely vertically. When sharpening the knife, clamp it with a plate or use a neodymium magnet.

Device for jointer knives

A device for sharpening jointer knives is installed on milling machine vertical type. The device is made of two plates. The first is located at the bottom, the second at the top. The holder in which the cutting tool blade is placed is located on the top plate. To fix the bottom plate to the base of the milling machine, use a clamp and metal corners.

For the jointer knife holder you will need clamps and metal corner(50x50 mm). It is cut to a sharpening angle of 40 degrees. The edge of the jointing knives should be strong, and the sharpener should be lowered to a shallow depth (about 10 microns) so as not to damage it during operation. The upper plate of the device is lifted by a mechanism that includes a wedge, lead screw and stop plates. As the handle rotates, the lead screw and wedge begin to move: you can raise the top plate or lower it down.

How can you sharpen ice drill knives?

A device for sharpening ice drill knives can also be made at home. You need to take two strips of steel, each of which has the following dimensions:

• thickness - from 3 to 4 mm;
• width - from 50 to 60 mm;
• length - from 160 to 200 mm.

The strips are needed to make the body of the device. One of them is bent in an arched manner. This is necessary for the correct position of the knife chamfers. They must be in the same plane. In this position, the sharpening angle of all knives sharpened at the same time will be the same. After making the body arc, a plate is made from the second strip, which is needed to fix the cutting tools.

Next, you need to drill a hole in the plate and in the body. We insert bolts with M12 or M14 threads into each hole. Using a bolt and nut, fix the plate to the body. Now you need to try to clamp the knives between the body and the plate and check their fit. The fit of the blades to the end surface must be precise and tight. If the chamfers do not fit tightly enough to the abrasive “sharpener,” the sharpening angle will be incorrect. To correct it, the body arch is “adjusted”, slightly bending it in the desired direction. If everything is done correctly, you need to disassemble the structure and weld two stiffening ribs (one on each side) to the body arch.

It is better to sharpen knives for ice drills on an abrasive wheel that rotates in a horizontal direction. When the knives are moistened with water, in this position the liquid will stay on the wheel longer. This technology helps preserve the abrasive wheel and helps cool the steel of the blades.

The device for sharpening ice drill knives is ready. To avoid overheating of the metal during work, you need to immerse the knives in water more often.

Device on wheels

A simple device on wheels is a structure that consists of a stationary block and a cart with wheels. During the sharpening process, the knife blade is moved by the master manually, and the sharpening angle is determined by the height at which the block is located in relation to the working platform. The blade is placed on the platform and fixed. The device on wheels is used only on a flat surface.

Since we are talking about a simple device, the sharpening angle may vary slightly during operation. The device is designed to work with household kitchen knives, so changing the angle in this case is not fatal. If you improve the design with two or three holders, the angle will be almost perfect.

Using simple elements from wood and metal, you can make any sharpening device kitchen knives. Most often, for home needs there is no need to design complex machines, but if you have a ready-made milling machine at hand, craftsmen can adapt it to work with more complex cutting tools.

To perform their functions, knives must always be sharp. Any housewife who uses a knife to cut food knows how quickly it becomes dull.

Can make a sharpener from wooden blocks. You will need 4 bars of the same size: 2 wooden, and 2 abrasive. The wood is sanded, removing all burrs using sandpaper. Markings are applied to them depending on the desired angle, and grindstone and fix its width. On the markings, cuts are made with a depth of 1.5 cm. Abrasive bars are inserted into the recesses and secured with bolts.

Let's consider the action of the clamping device. The knife is fixed and remains motionless, and the stone makes translational movements. It forms a smooth cutting edge on the edge of the knife at the required angle. To make the blade perfectly sharp, you need to consistently change the sharpening stones. It must be remembered that the stones must move strictly perpendicular to the area that is being sharpened.

Chisels and plane knives can be sharpened at home. You need to make a basic device where the sharpening angle will be fixed. Sharpening is carried out strictly on sanding paper.

Simple knife sharpening machine

To make it you need two pairs of slats and a block. The slats are connected to each other using adjustable screws, and a block is installed between them. The structure must be stable, it is not advisable to move it on the desktop. To better secure the block, you need to provide support strips that can be placed between the wooden components.

Easy to do with your own hands. You need to prepare the necessary tool.

This machine has disadvantages:

• it is not always possible to control the sharpening angle, especially if you work for a long time;
• the structure is unstable, another fixation unit is needed;
• You need to regularly tighten the screws so that the location of the bar does not change.

Sharpening planing knives

This difficult process, the implementation of which requires certain knowledge and skills. It is difficult to find a device for sharpening planing knives on sale. Many people do this using regular sharpening tools. For this case, it is recommended to purchase a modern low-speed sharpener, which is equipped with water cooling.

To do planer knife sharp, you need to find a smooth and ungreasy stone that is used in this area. A water stone is perfect.

You can sharpen such a knife in any car workshop that has a tool for sharpening knives. For an additional fee, any blade will be made sharp for you using a special machine.

There are two types of knife sharpening: one-sided and two-sided. Working methods will differ from each other. This needs to be taken into account.

When choosing a quality block, you need to choose a stone with a medium grain.

Knives that have special coatings for cutting edges do not need to be sharpened. They are made of especially hard alloys that protect the blade from wear.

A sharpener with a special cutting edge in the form of teeth should not be attempted to sharpen in the usual way. For such a blade, you need to use laser control, which is not available in an ordinary apartment.

Wash blades frequently hot water This is not possible, as this will dull their blades faster.

To quickly sharpen a blade, without having a special device at hand, use an ordinary ceramic mug. Its bottom usually has a rough rim not covered with glaze - it can be used instead of a stone. The method is suitable for auxiliary pointing.

In some villages it is still practiced method of sharpening blades on a foundation. For its manufacture it was used cement-sand mortar, so the foundation surface has a grainy surface. Of course, this method is for residents apartment buildings can't be called acceptable, but it's a pretty good option.

Conclusion

Every home must have a knife sharpening device. You can make a simple model of a knife sharpening device with your own hands.

Let it be the most simple model, but if you do it yourself, your blades will never get dull.

With the help of a knife we ​​cook food, cut food and do other housework. Therefore, it is very important that the knife blade always remains sharp. Theoretically, there is nothing difficult in sharpening knives, but in practice it turns out that not everyone can sharpen a blade well. To have an idea of ​​what to sharpen knives with and how to do it correctly, we recommend reading our article.

Before you start sharpening a knife, you need to find out what material it is made of. There are several types of knives:

• • Carbon steel knives are the most affordable, made from an alloy of iron and carbon, easy to sharpen and remain sharp for a long time. Among the disadvantages, it can be noted that the knife blade oxidizes from interaction with food or an acidic environment, due to this, rust and stains appear on the knife, and food acquires a metallic taste. Over time, after plaque forms on the blade, oxidation stops.

• • Low carbon stainless steel knives are made from an alloy of iron, chromium, carbon and in some cases nickel or molybdenum. Stainless steel knives are inferior in hardness to carbon steel, so they quickly become dull and require regular sharpening. The advantages include corrosion resistance.

• • High carbon stainless steel knives – more high class knives with a high carbon content and additions of cobalt or vanadium. Due to the higher quality alloy, this type knives do not require frequent sharpening and are not subject to corrosion.

• • Damascus steel knives are mainly made as edged weapons, but there are also kitchen options. Damascus steel knife is a multi-layer blade made of different alloys High Quality. The disadvantages include the high cost of knives.

• Ceramic knives have gained popularity due to their sharpness and ability to long time don't be dumb. But in addition to their advantages, ceramic knives have a significant disadvantage, which is their fragility when dropped from a height and poor resistance to fracture.

Sharpening tools

Touchstone (sharpening stone)

Sharpening stones are available with different quantities abrasive grains per square millimeter. Therefore, for rough sharpening and finishing grinding, you need to use bars with a minimum and maximum abrasive content. In foreign-made whetstones, information about the number of abrasive grains is on their labeling. Sharpening stones domestic production you have to choose “by eye” or ask the seller which whetstone to use for initial sharpening and which for final sharpening.

Mechanical sharpener

Mechanical sharpeners are mainly used for sharpening kitchen knives. Although the sharpening process is quick, the quality leaves much to be desired. For this reason, for hunting and sporting knives, it is recommended to use other sharpening methods.

Electric sharpener

Modern models electric sharpeners allow you to achieve high quality sharpening due to the built-in function, automatic detection blade angle. The electric sharpener is great for both household use, and for sharpening knives in catering establishments. The lineup There is a wide range of electric sharpeners, so the price may vary, but if you want your knives to always remain sharp, then buy more “advanced” and expensive models.

Musat

Musat - designed to maintain the sharpness of the knife edge. In shape, the musat resembles a round file with a handle. Musats are included in knife sets, and many owners often confuse them with a tool for fully sharpening a blade. Please note that with the help of musat you can maintain the sharpness of a sharpened knife, but if the knife has become completely dull, you will not be able to sharpen it with musat.

Sharpener "Lansky"

This sharpener is used for sharpening small and medium-sized knives. The design of the sharpener allows you to sharpen the blade at the angle you choose. The Lansky sharpener consists of a rod with a removable touchstone and two corners connected to each other. The corners simultaneously serve as a vice for the knife and a scale for selecting the sharpening angle. The sharpener kit also includes sharpening stones of different grits with ANSI markings.

Sharpening and grinding machines

Sharpening machines are used mainly in production for high-precision sharpening of rotating shaft blades. In addition to high-precision machines, there are abrasive wheels with electric drive and rotating discs for grinding. Sharpening knives on such machines should only be done by an experienced craftsman, because due to the speed of rotation of the circle or disk and high temperature heating, with any unsuccessful movement, the knife blade will become unusable.

Do-it-yourself blade sharpening

Sharpening a knife using a whetstone

Sharpening of a blade made with a sharpening stone is considered to be of the highest quality, of course, provided that it was carried out by experienced master. To sharpen a knife on a whetstone, do the following:

1. 1. Place a low abrasive grit sandstone on a stationary surface. If the block is small, it can be clamped in a vice.

1. 1. Holding the knife at an angle of 20-25 degrees relative to the surface of the block, begin moving the knife along the whetstone with the cutting edge forward.

1. Move the blade along the block so that during movement it touches the surface of the whetstone along its entire length.
2. As you move, try to maintain the same blade angle.
3. After making 2-3 movements, turn the knife over and repeat the sharpening process on the other side of the blade.
4. Thus, alternating sides, sharpen the knife until an edge (burr) appears along the edge of the blade.
5. Swap the coarse whetstone for a grinding stone.
6. Sand the knife blade until the edge disappears.
7. Test the sharpness of the knife by cutting a hemp rope folded several times, or try cutting a sheet of paper.

How to sharpen a knife using a sharpening stone, see also in the video:

Sharpening a hunting knife on a Lansky sharpener

Hunting knives are made of hard steel, so their initial sharpening requires sharpening stones with a low content of abrasive grains.

• Clamp the knife in a sharpener vice.
• Place a sharpening stone with a low content of abrasive grains on the rod.
• Select the angle of the block (for hunting knives it is usually from 20 to 30 degrees).
• Insert the rod into the desired hole.
• Lubricate the whetstone with the special oil included in the sharpener kit.
• Start moving the block along the knife blade, from the base to the tip.
• Flip the sharpener over and repeat the process on the other side of the knife.
• Once the edge is formed, change the stone and do the final sanding.
• Because the Hunter knives are mainly made with a double-sided blade, then after finishing sharpening on one side, change the position of the knife in the vice and begin the sharpening process on the other side.
• Once you've finished sharpening, polish the knife blade with felt.

How to sharpen knives in a Lansky sharpener, watch the video:

Sharpening scissors

Sharpening of scissors must be done on a special sharpening machine. Sharpening blades using improvised materials (sandpaper, the edge of a glass, etc.) can temporarily improve the sharpness of scissors, but not for long. If you do not have the opportunity to have your scissors sharpened by a professional, you can try to sharpen them yourself on an abrasive stone. When sharpening you need to follow a few simple rules:

• The sharpening stone should be fine-grained.
• The blade is sharpened over the entire surface of the edge at the same time.
• The angle of the blade should match the factory edge.
• The movement of the blade along the stone should be from the screw to the tip.
• Scissors need to be sharpened disassembled.

When sharpening scissors, do not rush; patience will be your ally in this matter.

You can also watch the video on how to quickly sharpen scissors:

Sharpening plane and chisel blades

Sharpening the blade of a plane and a chisel are practically no different from each other. Therefore, the sharpening process described below applies to both tools:

• Place the chisel on the whetstone at an angle of 30-40 degrees.
• Holding the chisel with your hand, use the fingers of your free hand to press the bevel onto the whetstone.
• Start moving the chisel along the whetstone until smooth side chisels do not form a burr.
• Change the whetstone to a fine-grained one and do the final grinding of the chisel.
• Check the sharpness of the chisel blade by removing shavings from the corner of the block.

In addition to manual sharpening, the chisel can be sharpened on a machine with a rotating abrasive disk:

1. Turn on the machine and let the disc reach full speed.
2. Holding the chisel with both hands, place its bevel against the sharpening wheel.
3. Be sure to maintain the angle of the chisel, otherwise you will damage the blade of the tool.
4. Do not press the chisel with great force and do not hold it on the blade for too long, this will lead to overheating of the metal and destruction of the blade.
5. While sharpening, wet the blade with water.
6. The final grinding of the chisel blade is best done by hand, using a fine-grained stone or sandpaper.

Do not forget that when sharpening products on a machine, a lot of sparks and small particles are generated that can get into your eyes, so be sure to wear safety glasses. To avoid damaging your hands on the rotating disk, wear gloves.

You can also learn how to sharpen tools from the video:

Tips for quickly sharpening a blade using improvised tools

Stone

You can quickly sharpen a knife on a hike or on a picnic using an ordinary cobblestone. Use any stone lying on the ground instead of a whetstone and run the knife blade along its surface. You won't achieve razor sharpness, but you will return the knife to working condition.

Second knife

It is quite possible to sharpen two knives at once, without sharpening stones or tools. To do this, you need to take a knife in both hands and begin to sharpen the blade of one knife on the blade of the other. After 5-10 minutes of this work, the knives will become sharper than before.

Glass objects

The knife blade can be slightly sharpened on the rough edge of glass or ceramic objects. For example, about the bottom of a glass or the edge tiles. The main thing is that the surface is rough.

Leather belt

A leather belt is more suitable for finishing and shaping a knife blade razor sharp than for rough sharpening. But if there is nothing at hand except a belt, then you can try to sharpen the knife on it. To do this, you need to tighten the belt and start moving the blade along it; you may not achieve strong sharpness, but you will polish the knife to a shine.


By learning to sharpen knives and tools yourself, you will acquire a skill that will be useful to you throughout your life!

The problem of dull knives is familiar firsthand to many owners who are forced to constantly kitchen utensils for turning by masters. Meanwhile, solving it is much easier than it seems, because you can make a knife sharpener with your own hands, using the available tools. This will save money on the purchase of a ready-made device or the services of professional workshops.

All about knife sharpeners

The easiest way to help owners get rid of the hassle associated with handing over knives to workshops is to purchase a sharpening stone. However, this option can only become optimal if it is possible to select a timber with the “correct” abrasiveness. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of the selected materials.

Choosing a quality stone

Sharpening stones, more often referred to as stones, have their own classification, familiarization with which will help you choose the most suitable material. And if the owner manages to avoid the most common mistakes, then it can be used in the future as in independent form, and as the main component of a homemade sharpening machine. So, The following gradations of grain size are distinguished:

One more distinctive feature sharpening stones is their color, because the darker the shade of the selected stone, the greater the level of abrasiveness it will have and vice versa, bright hues indicate the fine grain of the coating and its domestic purpose. It is worth noting that the performance of sharpening done with your own hands directly depends on the choice of this element.

It is recommended to pay attention to the quality of the selected material, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Thus, there are timber of natural origin from slate and corundum rocks, as well as stone for turning diamond and ceramic types. Among the disadvantages of the first option, it is worth highlighting the high grain size and rapid wear due to the need to constantly wet the surface of the stone to form a special composition that automatically increases the abrasive qualities of the device.

That is why it is better to leave your choice to artificial stone for sharpening, the length of which will exceed the length of the cutter blade, which greatly facilitates the processing procedure. In addition, you can choose a beam whose ribs will have varying degrees of abrasiveness, which will allow you to carry out the procedure for basic and final sharpening at home.

There are several types of manual DIY knife sharpeners with different designs and the degree of difficulty in manufacturing. Naturally than easier arrangement such home appliances, the less comfortable it will be to use at home and vice versa, a large number of components allows you to create very comfortable models sharpeners, which greatly facilitate the process of sharpening the blade.

This point should also be taken into account when determining optimal design devices. It is strongly recommended to take into account this important indicator, as the amount of work, because if the owner needs to process only a few kitchen cutters, then it hardly makes sense to choose a professional knife sharpener with drawings and three-dimensional modeling to make it yourself.

To make a knife sharpener with your own hands, You can take the following popular models as a basis:

Particularly popular is a knife sharpener that is quite easy to make with your own hands, the drawings with dimensions of which were developed by the famous Lansky company. And this option is optimal for independent design and further use at home.

Making a simple model yourself

The principle of operation of the device according to Lansky’s design boils down to the fact that the processing of a securely fixed blade is carried out at a strictly defined angle using replaceable sharpening stone attachments with different grain sizes, as a result of which it is possible to obtain a very sharp edge of the cutting element. The finished device costs about 1,500 thousand Russian rubles, but the simplicity of its manufacture and the minimum set of necessary parts inspires craftsmen to create more budget-friendly homemade analogues from available means.

Step-by-step master class

To choose necessary materials It’s worth starting after preparing the dimensions and drawings necessary for making a homemade knife sharpener. To make the task as easy as possible, it is recommended to use finished projects, which can be found on almost any network resource. As an example, we can give an assembly drawing, according to which you can independently make grinder like Lansky.

In order to assemble such a structure, The master will have to prepare the following materials:

• A metal rod that can be used to make studs marked M-6 of non-standard length.
• An electrode of any brand intended for use in electric welding work. It is from this element that the corner guides are made after complete cleaning of flux and burrs, which is carried out using grained emery.
• Carbon stainless steel with an average thickness of 3-5 millimeters, from which clamps with through holes are most easily made. It is worth noting that to make such holes you will need machine oil, treatment with a concentrated soap solution will help get rid of it in the future.
• Metal corners of medium size (9 by 9 by 0.6 centimeters).

In addition, you will need nuts and other fasteners, the recommended markings of which can be found in the presented drawing. As for the processing of elements and their assembly into a single structure, this procedure involves performing the following algorithm of actions:

There are often cases when, during operation, certain imperfections of a homemade sharpener are revealed, although this is not a reason for frustration, because you can always make a correction, maximally optimizing the operation of the device and adjusting it to individual needs.

There are several important rules sharpening of knives, which must be observed regardless of how exactly this procedure will be carried out. This means the following subtleties and nuances:

• Perpendicular placement of the blade in the direction of the whetstone while maintaining an angle equal to 1/2 of the sharpening value (the last condition is not mandatory).
• The sharpening angle should vary from 20 to 25 degrees.
• Start processing from the beginning of the blade, from its most blunt part. In this case, the edge can be painted black so as not to protrude beyond its limits when sharpening the blade.

During the turning process, characteristic transverse grooves tend to form on the edge of the blade. Their position relative to the base line of the cutting part must be perpendicular, because only then can it be said that the turning procedure was carried out correctly.

With repeated use of knives, every housewife faces a problem when they begin to become dull and it becomes simply impossible to work with them. In addition, this is unsafe, since the knife can slip while cutting and injure you. To prevent this from happening, knives should be sharpened in a timely manner using a special sharpening device.

You can buy a knife sharpener at your nearest hardware store or at the market, where they will offer you different kinds devices. You will have to choose yourself. But in order not to make a mistake, you need to know how to correctly evaluate them in terms of convenience and quality of use.

The offered options do not always satisfy consumers, so many make sharpeners with their own hands, using special stones, tools and drawing sketches with dimensions. The photo shows options for homemade knife sharpeners.

Features of knife sharpening

When sharpening knives, the main thing is to make the correct angle of contact between the edges of the blades so that they serve you for a long time and effectively. Therefore, when sharpening knives yourself, it is necessary to maintain the existing angle of the blades.

Each knife blade has its own optimal angles:

• from 10 to 15 degrees - for a medical scalpel or straight razor;
• from 15 to 20 degrees – for household knives used for cutting bread products, vegetables or fruits;
• from 20 to 25 degrees – for multifunctional knives for cutting a variety of products;
• from 25 to 30 degrees – for reliable companions of hunters and tourists on long hikes;
• from 30 to 40 degrees - for cutting materials that are particularly hard.

To sharpen the correct blade angle, you can't do without special devices, since it is difficult to do this manually.

The design of such devices is not complicated, so it is easy and quick to make it yourself, and detailed instructions for making sharpeners you can borrow from the Internet.

Types of knife sharpeners

From a large assortment various types knife sharpeners, choosing the right option for yourself is quite simple.

The main elements of the sharpening device are a stop for fixing the knife and an abrasive block, which is used as ready-made abrasive materials (stones) or home-made ones. But before you get to work, you need to learn how to properly make a knife sharpener with your own hands.

Types of sharpening stones

There are several types of whetstones:

• aquatic. Sharpening stones used in water are less likely to wear out during use.
• oil The structure and configuration are similar to aquatic ones, but with a more oily surface.
• natural. For their production, only natural raw materials are used with pre-treatment during the production process.
• artificial. In this case, the name speaks for itself, i.e. the abrasive material is created artificially.
• rubber. They are not as common as the previous ones, and they are also inconvenient during use.

What can you make a sharpener from?

To make a whetstone with your own hands, you can use the most in a simple way. Take a small glass plate rectangular shape about 5 mm thick. Using double sided tape Secure it on both sides with strips of coarse and medium-grain sandpaper.

The block is ready for use; if necessary, worn sandpaper can be easily replaced with a new one. This method is the most budget-friendly.

The disadvantages of this device include:

• rapid wear of the abrasive and fragility of the product (when fastening the timber you need to be careful that the glass does not crack).
• possible overheating of the material during rapid movements during the sharpening process.

You can find the best ideas for knife sharpeners on their respective websites.

Wooden bars

This method of making a tool for sharpening knives is also simple and accessible to everyone. You will need four identical bars: two abrasive and two wooden.

Before starting work, sand the wood blocks with sandpaper so that their surface becomes smooth without burrs. Mark the block according to the required angle of inclination. Apply a whetstone and mark its width on a block of wood.

Note!

Make cuts 1.5 cm deep according to the mark and insert abrasives into the grooves. Secure the stones with bolts. A piece of rubber attached to the bottom will give the structure stability.

In addition, you can make an adjustable sharpener with your own hands, but the next article will tell you how to do this.

Photos of DIY knife sharpeners

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