Ventilated facade systems made of porcelain stoneware. Installation of porcelain stoneware on a ventilated facade

Examples of porcelain stoneware facades

Facade made of porcelain stoneware

Alucom company designs, manufactures and supplies suspended ventilated facades for residential buildings, buildings, government agencies, industrial facilities, sports and shopping complexes, buildings of companies, offices and corporations.

Aluminum systems for facades are made for a certain type of facing material, therefore, for the installation of porcelain stoneware, the Alucom KG facade system was developed and produced for the installation of porcelain stoneware slabs open method and the Alucom SKG facade system for concealed fastening of porcelain stoneware slabs.

The Alucom KG system is made of aluminum alloy A 6060 T66. The open type of fastening means that the “legs” of the clamps will be visible on the plates. If necessary, they can be painted in any color according to the RAL scale.

As an alternative, there is an aluminum sub-cladding structure Alucom SKG for concealed fastening of porcelain stoneware slabs. When using this system, the “claws” of the clamps are not visible from the facade, but it becomes necessary to make cuts in the porcelain stoneware slabs.

The Alucom KG/SKG system is designed in this way: the size of the joints between its tiles is only from 4 to 6 mm, and the distance of the facade from the wall can be varied by a distance from 40 to 436 mm.

Fastening in Alucom KG and SKG is carried out using rotary clamps made of of stainless steel 12Х18Н10Т.

Porcelain tiles and panels for facades have different sizes and several types of surfaces, including matte, polished, semi-polished and textured with imitation of raw stone. The colors of the material allow you to choose the necessary combination to solve specific design ideas.

Options for façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

Advantages of a façade made of porcelain stoneware

Facade slabs and panels made of porcelain stoneware are easy to install, moisture resistant, and not sensitive to sunlight and precipitation.

NVF made of porcelain stoneware has numerous advantages, among which are:

distinctive appearance, giving buildings respectability
high protection against moisture, condensation and temperature changes
reliable thermal insulation and sound insulation properties
fire resistance as a result of installation of difficult-to-combustible and non-combustible materials
wear resistance and strength.

Facing and finishing facades with porcelain stoneware provides them with a decorative function, and the building acquires a new aesthetic appearance.

Completed objects with porcelain stoneware facades

Alucom facade systems for fastening porcelain stoneware

Order a facade system for porcelain stoneware

When choosing a porcelain stoneware façade, Alucom develops a project for the KM and KMD stages, produces the NVF system and, if necessary, carries out installation supervision directly on site.

We offer our customers the Alucom Classic facade system, as well as the company’s patented development - the Alucom Longfloors (LF) facade system with fastening into interfloor slabs, used when the load-bearing capacity of the walls is low. The Alucom LF 501 and Alucom LF 501-S systems are designed for fastening porcelain stoneware slabs into interfloor ceilings.

The company helps the customer find and select the manufacturer of the required facing material.

The technology for arranging ventilated facades makes it possible to protect the facade of a building and insulate it, while preventing destruction of the load-bearing wall due to exposure to moisture and temperature changes. The key feature of the ventilated façade is the presence of an air gap.

Structurally, the ventilation façade structure can be imagined as a pie consisting of three layers: a supporting system of profiles (frame), thermal insulation material And protective screen(facing material).

Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware - cladding the basement of a private house

The ventilated facade system allows the use of a variety of facing materials from vinyl siding to metal cassettes. One of the modern materials that can often be found on the facades of buildings is ceramic granite (porcelain stoneware).

Advantages of finishing the facade with porcelain stoneware:

aesthetic appearance. The porcelain stoneware facade gives the building a solid and stylish appearance;
variety of decor. A wide range of colors, the ability to combine colors, different sizes of porcelain stoneware façade tiles - all this allows you to implement your own project and make your house unique;
possibility of replacement. Ease of installation makes it possible to replace part of the tiles or all of the facing material when changing design, style, fashion, and other factors;
resistance to environmental factors;
soundproofing properties;
Fire safety;
environmental friendliness;
resistance to dynamic and static loads;
ease of operation and maintenance;
high maintainability;
long service life.

In addition, porcelain stoneware makes it possible to cladding the facade at any time of the year with a high speed of work. Also, façade porcelain tiles are distinguished by their relatively low cost. The price of porcelain stoneware today is lower than the price of fiber cement or composite materials.

The disadvantages of a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware include:

significant weight, which entails the installation of a powerful subsystem (frame);
high total costs for arranging a ventilation façade (due to high weight)

Porcelain tiles for facade

Facade porcelain tiles belong to the group of artificial finishing materials. The following raw materials are used for the production of porcelain tiles: clay, sand (quartz), feldspar. The use of natural dyes makes it possible to obtain slabs different color or stylized “granite-like”.

The manufacturing technology of porcelain tiles is similar to tiles, only the tiles are fired at a temperature of 1200 °C, which gives it high strength characteristics. In terms of strength, porcelain stoneware is superior to natural stone.

Porcelain tiles for facades - technical characteristics

Parameter analysis façade porcelain tiles

Dimensions (length x width)	300x300, 600x300, 600x600, 1200x295 and 1200x600	The most optimal (popular) size of porcelain stoneware tiles for the facade is 600x600 mm.
Caliber	Actual size of porcelain tiles. Permissible deviation 0.5 mm.	There is a concept of “monocaliber”. In this case, the tiles undergo additional calibration to give them the same size.
Thickness	Minimum – 5 mm Maximum – 12 mm
Moisture absorption	not > 3.5%
Flexural strength	> 28 MPa
Frost resistance	> 25 cycles
Wear resistance of the coating	classes: PEI I, II, III, IV, V	Class PEI minimum wear resistance. Classes IV, V are intended for finishing facades on a busy street
Specific gravity	2400 kg/m3	Allows you to calculate the weight of one tile
Texture	– unpolished	The result of natural firing of clay. Distinctive characteristic: low cost
	– polished	Processing on a diamond wheel. Defining property: smooth sparkling surface.
	– polished (matte)	Additional processing. Main quality: ease of care
	– embossed	Transferring the texture of the material (stone, wood) Parameter: anti-slip properties.
Manufacturers	Italy, Russia, China
Price	4000-1500 rub. per m2

Dimensions of façade porcelain tiles

Which façade porcelain tiles are best to use?

In order for a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware to effectively perform its functions, you need to competently approach the choice of material, namely, pay attention to:

multiplicity of tiles. To avoid unnecessary seams, you need to design the façade cladding in such a way that only whole tiles are used. The calculation is made taking into account the thickness of the seam;

tile size. The smaller the tile, the more seams there will be, the more it will “ripple” in the eyes (subjective opinion);

caliber. The greater the difference in tile sizes, the more difficult its installation will be and the lower the aesthetics of the cladding;

color, texture, texture. It is important, both from the point of view of the identity of the tiles with each other, and from the point of view of compatibility with other elements of the facade;

operational parameters (wear resistance, frost resistance);
price.

Important. Porcelain tiles are purchased taking into account trimming, breaking, etc. When designing, the margin should be 7-10%.

Color palette of façade porcelain tiles

Installation of ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

The significant weight of porcelain stoneware leaves its mark on the installation of ventilated facades, namely on the subsystem of load-bearing profiles.

The frame for a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware consists of a complex system of profiles (main and intermediate), brackets and hardware.

A ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is mounted only on an aluminum profile system (manufacturers’ recommendation). However, in order to reduce the cost, installation is carried out on a galvanized system.

Fastening porcelain stoneware to the facade

The choice of porcelain tile fastening system is important for the aesthetics of the building. There are two methods of fastening:

Glue method - installation of porcelain tiles with glue

To fix the slabs, adhesives based on elastic polyurethanes are used. Elasticity adhesive composition allows you to compensate for the mobility of building elements under the influence of high temperatures and dynamic loads.

The specificity of adhesive fastening is the use of glue and double-sided tape, which are applied to the slab and allow it to be fixed to the profile. The tape performs a supporting function until the glue is completely polymerized.

Mechanical method - installation of porcelain stoneware on clamps

The technology for installing slabs involves the use fastening elements- Kleimers.

There are two types of fastening here.

hidden fastening of porcelain tiles to the facade. In this case, a guide profile is used, onto which, using a clamp, hidden fastening porcelain tiles are installed;

visible fastening of porcelain stoneware to the façade. An ordinary clamp is used for installation. The disadvantage of this system is that the fasteners remain visible (clasp antennae). And the advantage is greater speed of work completion and lower installation costs.

Another way to attach porcelain stoneware to the facade using a rusticated profile.

Installation of ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

Facade porcelain tiles are used primarily for cladding large buildings (high-rise buildings and large areas): administrative buildings, shopping centers, entertainment complexes, etc. But finishing of low-rise buildings - country houses, private houses - is not excluded.

It should be understood that it is quite difficult to install a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware with your own hands; this requires knowledge and experience, as well as a clear understanding of the installation technology, the features of the device and the intricacies of this process.

Installation technology for ventilation facades made of porcelain stoneware

The installation of porcelain stoneware facades is carried out step by step in several stages:

Design of suspended ventilated facades

The number of porcelain tiles, the number of clamps, brackets, guides are calculated, and the location of their installation is also calculated.

Approximate consumption of materials per 1 sq.m. in tables

Preparatory work

It is assumed that the place of execution will be fenced installation work(distance 3 mp from the building), ensuring work safety, purchasing, delivery, sorting (if necessary) of material, etc.;

Preparation (façade) of the wall surface

Involves inspecting the wall surface, removing strongly protruding elements, eliminating falling elements, and priming. As part of this stage, the surface is marked and the points on which the brackets will be mounted are determined. In this case, the order of marking is carried out in strict accordance with project documentation:

a horizontal bottom line is applied;
The installation locations of the brackets are marked along the line;
two vertical lines are drawn along the edge of the wall surface;

It is convenient to apply markings with paint rather than chalk. A level is used to control the accuracy of application.

Installation of brackets (supporting and load-bearing)

A 5 mm hole is drilled under the bracket for the ventilation façade using a hammer drill. less than the diameter of the hardware. A paronite gasket is placed between the bracket and the wall. The fastening of brackets is approached responsibly, because... This key element ventilation façade fastenings.

Installation of thermal insulation material

Soft insulation in slabs (for example, basalt wool) is placed between the brackets and fixed to the wall with umbrella dowels. At this stage, 2 fastening options are used: dowels or a plate can be fixed with foam glue. The main thing is that the sheet does not move.

It is worth noting that installation begins from the bottom row, while it is advisable to install the bottom plates on the starting or base profile. The purpose of the profile is to support the bottom row of sheets during installation and protect it from rodents and other pests. Subsequent sheets of insulation are mounted offset by half the sheet (slab).

Installation of film (membrane)

A diffusion membrane or helicopter protection film covers the insulation and prevents its destruction from the air flow that passes through the ventilation gap. The film is attached with an overlap of 100-150 mm along all edges. After installing the film, umbrella dowels are inserted through it, with which the insulation is thoroughly secured (nailed).

Installation of guide profiles

The procedure for installing profiles for a curtain wall:

install the profile into the groove of the support and guide brackets;
leave the profile unfixed in the support brackets, this will allow it to move, providing compensation for thermal expansion;
in the guide brackets the profile is fixed with rivets;
at the vertical intersection of the profiles, it is necessary to provide a gap of 10 mm. It is also designed to compensate for thermal deformations.

Installation of porcelain stoneware slabs

Cladding using glue is carried out according to the instructions of the glue manufacturer. Installation of porcelain tiles on the clamp is performed in the following sequence:

determine the installation location of the clamps on the T-shaped profile (in accordance with the project);
drill holes for them. Please note that the work is performed not with a hammer drill, but with a drill;
secure the clamp with rivets;
install porcelain tiles on the clamp.

Fastening facade porcelain tiles in a hidden way requires a slightly different procedure. The sequential installation of the frame is shown in the diagram.

And the plate is attached to the clamp by making cuts at its ends. This approach allows you to hide the porcelain tile fastening point and reduce the load on the frame. There must be at least four attachment points for the plate.

In conclusion, we note that the installation of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware on a large building is really difficult task, requiring the involvement of professionals. However, in private construction it is quite possible to do it yourself. Because due to the smaller amount of work, the complexity of installation is reduced. In this case, it is advisable to consult a specialist when designing and calculating the material.

Finishing the facade of a private house with porcelain stoneware will allow you to get a modern and reliably protected facade with a long service life.

Tags: Facade Ventilated facade Porcelain tile

To reliably protect a building from the effects of weather factors, ventilated curtain façade, made of porcelain stoneware. With its help, the appearance of the building is improved, heat saving is increased, and good temperature regulation is ensured. The design is a complex system, the functionality and durability of which depends on precise adherence to the technology for installing a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware.

Curtain facade of this type consists of a frame and cladding, the role of which is performed by porcelain stoneware. In rare cases, tiles made of natural stone, metal or plastic are installed instead. The frame is made of a metal profile attached to the wall, onto which porcelain stoneware is hung. The structure is assembled using a guide profile, brackets, anchors, inserts and rivets, and when assembled it consists of the following elements:

Metal profile frame.
Thermal insulation material.
Vapor barrier and ventilation gap.
External cladding.

Preparatory work

Before starting work, the vertical and horizontal deviations of the plane on which the work will be carried out are checked with a plumb line or theodolite. This will let you know where shortened or extended brackets will be needed. Marks are made on the location of the cladding on the wall, taking into account the thickness of the seams, which will allow you to approximately calculate the consumption of the tiles.

There is a zero mark for the building so that you can use it to guide you when checking the horizontal seam on the façade cladding. Vertical axes equal to the size of the tile plus the thickness of the seam are broken down.

Subsystem

Installation of the structure begins with the installation of brackets. This is the most loaded part of the system, and the stability of the entire structure depends on the strength of its fit. It consists of a fixed part, attached to the wall through a gasket, and a movable part, where a vertical profile is mounted. The parts are bolted together through an oblong hole in the moving part, which serves to adjust the length.

The second type of bracket is a movable corner bracket; it is assembled in the same way as a simple one and is attached to the outer corners. The choice of the length of these parts depends on the unevenness of the wall and the thickness of the insulation layer. If the length of the bracket is more than 1100 mm, use a reinforcing washer installed under the anchor. A thermal break plate must be placed under the bracket itself.

The length of the bracket is calculated so that there is an air gap of 50 mm between the slab and the vapor barrier.

Almost always the walls of a building are uneven. But installation of panels requires a leveled plane, for this:

Two brackets are nailed upper corners buildings and plumb lines are thrown.
A cord is pulled between the brackets to check the curvature of the wall, and it is measured relative to this indicator.
The brackets are aligned with the plumb line vertically and along the length of the overhang while simultaneously fastening them to the wall. This creates an even vertical on one side of the wall. The same operation is repeated on the other side.
The remaining fasteners are mounted in the resulting plane. The first row is mounted 50-60 cm above ground level, so that a subbase is placed in this place, which is recessed to a depth of 2.5 cm.
The distance between the brackets in the horizontal and vertical directions is specified by the design and depends on the type of system.
For the lower subbase, additional brackets are installed in a horizontal position.

Porcelain stoneware façade installation diagram

Thermal insulation installation technology

After attaching the brackets, begin installing the insulation. For this:

Under the brackets, holes are cut in the insulating material board through which the metal parts pass out. After placing the insulation, the cracks are sealed with pieces of material used for insulation.
Placement of thermal insulation boards on the wall and their fixation with special fasteners with wide caps. The joint between the slabs must be filled.

If the insulation needs to be placed in two layers, it is unacceptable to combine the seams. At the corners, the slabs overlap, completely covering the corner.

After installing the insulation, the facade is protected from the penetration of moisture and wind by a breathable vapor barrier film, which does not let moisture in, but allows it to evaporate from the insulation. From above and from the side it is folded between the insulation and the wall. It is fixed using insulation fasteners with a consumption rate of 5 pcs/m². At the junction, the lower layer overlaps 10 cm under the upper layer to prevent draining condensate from getting inside. All overlaps are pierced with insulation fasteners.

Installation of vertical profile

Parts of the vertical profile are divided into 3 types:

T-shaped, for slab joints;
L-shaped, for the middle of the slab;
Corner profile, placed on the openings of windows and doors, and corners of the building.

Before starting installation, pay attention to the joint of the vertical profile. It should not be allowed to be docked on the bracket. This is done between the brackets using a mounting rail. The connection must be secured with all rivets.

Fastening porcelain stoneware

Fastening ceramic slabs produced on clasps, which come in four types:

Single clamp side;
Double-clamp side;
Double-clamp upper and lower;
Four-clamp.

A sealing gasket is inserted between the tile and the clamp. If you install it without it, there will be no rigidity of fastening. The procedure for fixing tiles is as follows:

According to the previously applied mark relative to the “zero”, the first clamp is set and connected through a drilled hole with a rivet.
A tile is placed on it, and the next one is attached to it. All other tiles are installed using this principle.
Installation of slopes and ebbs that go under the tiles. Fire cut-offs must be installed.

A ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware is a reliable, practical and durable type of exterior covering. At the same time, its installation is complex, which will not allow a person without experience to carry out all operations without a qualified outside help. High-quality work is impossible without a step-by-step implementation of the entire installation process in full accordance with the design documents by experienced specialists.

Although the material has been on the construction market for several decades, it is still little known to some developers. In order to make a conscious choice, you need to familiarize yourself with porcelain stoneware in more detail.

Facade porcelain tiles

Installation of a ventilated facade

Manufacturing technology and main types

Artificial stone is made from powders by pressing under high pressure followed by firing. Pressing pressure up to 500 kg/cm2, firing temperature up to +1300°C. The powder contains quartz sand, clay, kaolins, feldspars and mineral dyes. To give an original appearance, other additives can be used. At first, porcelain stoneware was used only as technical tiles, later it began to be used for the manufacture of flooring and plumbing equipment. IN Lately Porcelain stoneware tiles are used to cover the facades of various buildings and structures.

Porcelain tiles allow you to implement complex architectural projects

One of the options for porcelain stoneware finishing

Unlike flooring, the thickness of porcelain stoneware slabs for facades does not exceed ten millimeters. Otherwise, the large weight of the structures has a Negative influence on the foundations of buildings. In addition, the requirements for the load-bearing performance of facade walls are increasing; not all of them are suitable for cladding with such material. There are no standard overall dimensions; manufacturers are guided by their own specifications. But for facades it is not recommended to use too small or large tiles, the size must be at least 40x40 cm and no more than 80x80 cm.

Porcelain tiles for facade

Porcelain stoneware facing tiles

Unfortunately, domestic companies (Kerabud, Estima and others) cannot yet produce for facade finishing quality tiles large sizes. Professional builders strongly recommend purchasing products from Spanish or Italian companies: Alfa Ceramiche, AO Ceramicas Aparici, etc. You should not deal with the Chinese; the surface of the facade will be uneven due to problems with the accuracy of the slabs. The material belongs to the expensive category, you don’t need to throw away a lot of money and end up with crooked facades, even if they are made of fashionable porcelain stoneware.

Table of external surface options

	The cheapest option, porcelain stoneware slabs are not polished after firing, but only ground.
Glossy (polished)	A more expensive option, after grinding the surfaces are polished. Manufacturing requires sophisticated equipment. Dust does not accumulate on the surface, but microscratches are noticeable. Recommended for use on prestigious buildings.
Satin	Before firing, mineral salt is sprayed onto the surface - due to the technology, one slab can have various colors. Satin porcelain tiles make it possible to create original geometric patterns on facade walls. In terms of cost, it belongs to the middle segment.
Semi polished	During polishing, larger fractions of polishing materials are used, the technology is somewhat simpler, losses in stone thickness are reduced, direct production costs. Due to this, the cost is reduced.
Structured	The surface has a matte appearance and imitates various types of natural stone.

Features of porcelain tiles for facades

Companies produce mosaic, glazed and other types of porcelain tiles, but they are not used for finishing facades due to their very high cost. In order for the edges of the artificial stone to have perfect sizes, during production they are cut with high-precision machines. The higher the quality of the tile and the smaller the deviation from dimensions, the easier it is to work with. But such material is not available to all consumers due to the high price.

Physical characteristics of porcelain stoneware

Frost resistance	At least 100 freeze/thaw cycles. According to these indicators, the slabs can be used in all climatic regions our country.
Water absorption	The high density of the material and the absence of micropores significantly minimizes the ability to absorb water. Water absorption does not exceed 0.05%, this is one of the lowest rates among all materials used for finishing facade walls.
Hardness	Mohs scores are in the range of 8–9, greater value only on glass. But high hardness becomes a disadvantage - there is no ductility, the material becomes brittle.
Wear resistance	According to international standards, the material is divided into five groups. The first group is used for facades; in terms of wear resistance, it ranks last among all types of porcelain stoneware. Due to this, the cost of cladding the surfaces of facades is noticeably reduced, and for them wear resistance does not play any role.
Friction coefficient	Regulated by DIN 51130, minimum coefficient R9, maximum R13. For facing slabs, the coefficient of friction is not taken into account.

Facade ventilated porcelain stoneware with wood effect

Advantages of porcelain stoneware facade slabs

The relatively high cost of the facing material is fully justified by its excellent performance characteristics.

The material is completely non-flammable and is recommended by fire organizations for creating barriers.
The material is absolutely non-flammable
Minimum service life is 50 years. But if you follow the manufacturers' recommendations, the period increases significantly.
Excellent technological characteristics. It is easy to cut and does not crack or chip. During the cladding of buildings, non-productive waste approaches zero.
The specific gravity is less than that of natural stone, and only a professional builder can distinguish the materials by the appearance of the front surfaces. Due to their low weight, the scope of use of the slabs is expanding; they can be installed not only on new buildings in which this type of finishing is provided for by the project, but also during overhaul old Of course, residual load bearing capacity walls must withstand additional load. The same requirement applies to foundations.
Fast installation. Due to the use of special fastening structures, manufacturability and small specific gravity worker productivity increases by at least 40% compared to finishing facades with natural stone.
A wide range of textures of external surfaces, a variety of color solutions. By using this material, architects and designers can create facade walls in various styles.
Original facade solutions
Easy to care for. Porcelain stoneware inhibits the proliferation of various microorganisms; mosses and lichens do not grow on it.
Chemical resistance. The material is not afraid of the effects of aggressive chemical compounds and city smog. The surface does not absorb moisture - porcelain stoneware does not change its original properties after repeated freezing/freezing.
Environmental friendliness. Unlike plastic materials, porcelain tiles do not emit substances hazardous to the health of others into the air. chemical compounds. It can be used without restrictions for both external and internal work.
Ventilated façade properties

In all respects, porcelain stoneware for façade cladding exceeds traditional materials. The only problem is the price, but when you consider the additional savings on surface maintenance and excellent design performance, the high cost is justified.

Porcelain tiles for facades are currently the most durable solution for cladding buildings

White and black exterior, porcelain stoneware finish

Step-by-step instructions for installing façade porcelain stoneware slabs

Important. Installation of façade porcelain tiles is a very responsible job. If you don't have any experience, don't take it. Poor quality execution will result in the loss of significant financial resources. In addition, a slab falling from a height can cause serious injury. Unconditionally follow all manufacturers' recommendations, use only those fasteners that are designed for a specific weight.

Wall cladding with slabs (ventilated facade system) consists of several structural elements:

carrier system. It includes mounting brackets, vertical and horizontal guides. They are made of thick galvanized steel; special holes are provided to adjust the spatial position. They must not only withstand the weight of porcelain stoneware slabs, but also the wind load;
thermal insulation layer, if you plan to install one. All modern buildings must be thermally insulated; this is provided for by current regulations. In old buildings, the decision on additional wall insulation is made by each owner individually;
facing finishing slabs. The dimensions and appearance of porcelain tiles are selected taking into account the planned design of the facade walls.

Facade system

To carry out the work, you will need an electric drill with a hammer drill, a device for installing rivets (if the supporting frame is assembled with their help), wrenches, a plumb line and a long, precise level. If you have a laser level, great, the markings will be done much faster and more accurately. If not, you will have to use a hydraulic level.

Fasteners for installing porcelain tiles

Before starting installation, remove near the wall, assemble scaffolding, and think about where to store materials. Be sure to work together, or better yet, three. The final number of people is determined taking into account the size and weight of the slabs. It is advisable to draw a wall on paper, indicate its dimensions and first think through a plan for placing the brackets, taking into account the linear dimensions of the slabs and the method of their fastening. Determine the places where the brackets are fixed, calculate their number and linear meters horizontal and vertical slats. Taking into account the weight, choose dowels or anchors; the heavier the slabs, the stronger the hardware should be.

Assembly diagram of substructure elements and porcelain stoneware slabs. Option 1

Option 2

During pre-planning, count the number window openings and doors, determine the entry/exit points of utilities. They must be accessible for prompt elimination of emergency situations.

Any installation of a ventilation facade must first be correctly calculated

Step 1. Marking the wall. You need to immediately mark the location of the brackets on the wall. Drawings for the placement of brackets are included in the documentation for ventilated facades. Using them, determine the extreme control points.

Important. The brackets must be at least 10 cm from the corner of the building, window and doorways, otherwise there are risks of violating the strength of the frame.

Secure the two uppermost brackets, lower a long plumb line from them and mark the lowest points. Use a rope with blue to beat off the vertical lines.

Mounting bracket to the building wall

Step 2. Taking into account the dimensions of the porcelain tiles and the manufacturer's instructions, beat off the remaining vertical lines at the recommended distance. For most cases of finishing facades with porcelain stoneware slabs, the vertical distances between brackets are up to 1000 mm, horizontal distances are up to 800 mm. When calculating the quantity for the entire wall, round the resulting values taking into account the dimensions façade wall.

Step 3. Use a laser or hydraulic level to make horizontal marks at the corners of the wall, and use a rope and blue to mark parallel lines. After marking, a grid with identical cell sizes should appear on the wall of the house. Check them in all respects, everything is fine - start drilling holes. Keep in mind that load-bearing brackets must also be installed around the perimeter of window and door openings.

Step 4. Use a hammer drill with Pobedit drill. The depth of the holes should be several centimeters greater than the length of the dowels or anchors. For porcelain stoneware slabs, it is recommended to use anchors; they can withstand significant forces. It is not safe to work with dowels.

Marking and drilling holes

Dowel installation

Step 5. Immediately install the brackets within reach and carefully check the strength of the fixation. To prevent the appearance of cold bridges, gaskets can be installed between the wall and the brackets. Use only paronite ones, they have greater strength and do not deform under prolonged exposure to loads. Plastic ones can bend, which has an extremely negative effect on the strength of the entire structure. The design of the brackets has special holes for adjusting their exact position.

bracket L-shaped for installation of guides

Bracket Attachment

Step 6. After all the brackets are secured, proceed to insulating the walls. Building codes and regulations allow the use of only non-combustible materials; only foam plastics that do not support open fire are allowed. But it is better not to use it either; during combustion it releases deadly toxic substances. To lose consciousness, you only need to inhale the smoke a few times. The optimal solution is pressed mineral wool.

Schematic diagram of insulation installation

Schematic diagram of installation of two-layer insulation

Practical advice. For insulation, take sheets at least 10 cm thick; thinner ones give little effect, and the labor costs are the same. But the final decision depends on the thermal conductivity of the wall.

Glass wool is secured with special dowels with large heads. Press the mats tightly against each other, install them in a checkerboard pattern, and do not allow any gaps to form. Any violations of technology lead to a significant decrease in heat saving efficiency. For one mat standard size there must be at least five fixation points. Remember that a gap of 2-3 cm between glass wool and the wall reduces the efficiency of heat saving by at least 60%. Air convection occurs in the gap due to the temperature difference, warm air goes outside, and the wall is cooled by incoming cold air.

Installation of insulation

Sequence of fixing plates

Fastening insulation with dowels

Installation of insulation

Important. Do not cut large holes in the locations of the supporting brackets or create additional areas of heat loss. Figure out where the bracket will come out and only here cut the mat lengthwise or crosswise. How exactly to cut depends on the characteristics of the bracket.

Mineral wool should be reliably protected from water. Cover it with a moisture-proof cloth; there is a huge selection of them on sale today. Polyethylene film do not use, moisture will accumulate under it, and condensation will appear in winter. Mineral wool is moistened, and as the relative humidity increases, the heat saving values rapidly decrease.

Wind-hydroprotective membrane installation diagram

At this point, the first part of the installation of porcelain stoneware slabs is completed, you can proceed to the second stage.

Step 1. Begin installing vertical and horizontal profiles. This is a very important moment; if all the elements are not located strictly in one plane, then great difficulties will arise during the fixation of the slabs. How to install elements correctly?

Installation of guides

Adjustment

Fix the two outer supporting profiles strictly level and adjust their position in relation to the wall. Check the spatial position again.
Stretch ropes between them and mount the rest along them vertical elements. We have already mentioned that fixation can be done with rivets or bolts. Never buy elements that are fastened with self-tapping screws; they are made of thin steel and are not designed for heavy loads.
After the vertical slats are installed, fix the horizontal slats to them. The more often you check their position, the less disappointment you expect during the installation of porcelain stoneware slabs.

Step 2. Install the slabs. They are fixed using metal clamps.

Porcelain tile fastening diagram

This is what the clamps for installing porcelain tiles look like

Attaching starting clamps

Secure the two lower clamps, place the plate on them and fix the two upper ones. One clamp has two ears; they must hold two adjacent slabs. Thanks to this technology, their position is automatically adjusted; the edges will lie strictly on the same line.

Installation of porcelain tiles

It is important to maintain the gaps between the plates

The distance between the side edges of the slabs is controlled visually, but some types of clamps have special stops. Working with them is faster and easier, and the appearance of the façade wall improves.

Porcelain tile fastening unit in the guide

Porcelain tile fastening unit on inner corner facade

Feudal attachment point on the outer corner of the building

Step 3. If there are outlets for pipes or electrical cables on the wall, then technological holes should be made in these places in the porcelain stoneware slabs.

On the right way installed frame work is completed quickly. Remember that time lost on marking and installing load-bearing elements is always returned during installation.

Before choosing a specific installation method for porcelain tiles, consider the following factors:

house dimensions;
climatic features - temperature factor, prevailing wind direction, average annual precipitation;
designer look and personal budget options.

The load-bearing elements of the frame must be made of the same metal, otherwise currents will appear at the contact points, accelerating corrosion. Never skimp on the strength of the brackets, always buy the most reliable ones. Porcelain tiles have a lot of weight, you need to constantly remember this.

Work only in good weather; if there is a chance of rain, protect structures from water ingress. Manufacturers claim that structures can be installed at air temperatures down to -15°C, but we do not recommend listening to them. Not because the structures won’t hold up, but because working in such conditions is very difficult. As a result, there may be a violation of technology, errors during marking or fixing frame elements. In addition, snow that falls on mineral wool will definitely melt someday. And increasing the humidity of the insulation by just 5% increases thermal conductivity by 50%. Mineral wool gets wet quickly, but takes a long time to dry. Moreover, if it is protected by façade membranes.

For porcelain stoneware slabs, be sure to install vertical and horizontal supporting profiles. The combined frame evenly redistributes bending and torsion, compression and tension loads. The design becomes very reliable and durable. If the strength of fixation of vertical profiles is impaired, the load is taken by horizontal ones and vice versa. The disadvantage of the combined system is the increased cost. But you shouldn’t skimp on safety.

Window frame installation diagram

Assembly of the façade to the window opening, lower

Junction of the facade to the window opening, side

Assembly of the façade to the window opening, upper

Carefully make connections and frames; cover the side ends only with solid slabs. Special attention Pay attention to the plinth and places where it joins the roof. Eliminate the possibility of moisture ingress, but do not close the ventilation. Based on the results of the inspection of defective facades, it was found that 55% of problems were due to improper installation of porcelain tiles, 40% due to incorrect markings and 5% due to unprofessional selection of load-bearing elements.

Facade finishing - photo

This is what a ventilated porcelain stoneware façade looks like

Video - Installation of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware

The technology for constructing ventilated facades is quite complex and does not tolerate free interpretations of certain principles underlying it. When constructing such a facade, one must strictly adhere to those rules and standards, the implementation of which is required according to the technology.

Installation of a ventilated curtain-type facade using finishing in the form of porcelain stoneware slabs

Stage No. 1 - Preparatory

Porcelain stoneware slabs can give the facade a unique exterior

To construct a ventilated façade, it is necessary to perform a series of preparatory work. Moreover, all work should be carried out in a certain order, which is recorded in the relevant requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological service for the organization of any construction production.

Read also the article about installing facade tiles with metal fasteners yourself and find answers to your questions.

The preparatory stage should include the following steps:

the border should be marked construction work at a distance of about three meters from the walls along the entire perimeter of the building;
on this area all materials necessary for construction and finishing work should be placed;
here you should also equip a place for work related to assembly and installation frame structure;
in unfavorable weather conditions, any construction work should be completely excluded Finishing work.

Read also about finishing the facade with putty in addition to this material.

This range of preparatory measures is more relevant for cladding multi-storey buildings. However, it is necessary to adhere to them when arranging the facade of a one-story private house - this approach will serve as a guarantee of safety for you and your household from any force majeure situations and surprises.

Stage No. 2 - Marking walls for installation of fasteners

Before installing the sheathing, markings are made on the facade

Before you begin constructing a frame structure, you should make precise markings on the walls of the house in those places where the support and load-bearing mounting brackets will be installed, onto which the ventilated system itself will be fixed. In this case, you must adhere to the developed design and technical documentation.

Marking should be done in several stages:

First, you should mark beacon lines: a horizontal line along the bottom edge of the facade and 2 vertical lines along the edges of the wall.
Using paint along the drawn lines, draw all the points in those places where it is planned to install supporting and load-bearing fasteners-brackets on the last vertical lines.

Scheme of fastening profiles for porcelain tiles

Stage No. 3 – Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

The brackets should be fixed according to the instructions for installing the ventilated façade. First you need to drill holes in the wall - this should be done using a hammer drill. Then paronite gaskets should be installed in the resulting holes. Installation of load-bearing type brackets is carried out using a screwdriver and dowel anchors.

Stage No. 4. – Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

At this stage, the following manipulations should be performed:

To insulate and protect the facade, insulation and several layers of insulation are laid

the insulation is “hung” directly on the wall of the building through the slots for the supporting brackets;
A moisture-proof membrane film should be hung over the insulation layer and temporarily fixed. Adjacent strips of moisture-proof film should be overlapped and secured, with the edge of one strip overlapping the other by at least 10 cm.
through the film and insulation, drill holes in the wall of the building to install dowel plates;
carry out installation heat-insulating material- this work should begin from the lowest row (starting profile or building base) and move upward;
heat-insulating boards should be laid end-to-end, without leaving through gaps or cracks;
if the need arises, the heat-insulating boards can be trimmed using hand hacksaw with small teeth;

If according to the project, it is required install thermal insulation material in two layers, then you need to do it as follows:

the bottom layer of insulation is attached to the wall using dowel plates; in this case, each layer of insulation must be secured with at least two dowels;
The top layer of insulation should be mounted in a checkerboard pattern and also secured using dowel plates.

Stage No. 5 - Installation of guides

At this stage, installation should be carried out vertical profiles to load-bearing brackets. For this purpose you need:

Fastening scheme for porcelain stoneware slabs

install and fix metal profiles in the corresponding grooves of the supporting fasteners-brackets;
Using rivets, secure the metal guides to the supporting fasteners-brackets.

In those support brackets that can be adjusted, the profile is installed freely, without tightening. This ensures that the profile does not deform during sudden temperature changes.

In those places where adjacent vertical guides join, a small gap should be made (7-10 mm). This is done for the same purpose - to avoid deformation of the guides as a result of seasonal fluctuations in temperature.

Profile for fastening porcelain tiles

In addition, at this stage it is advisable to fix the cutoffs, serving to prevent fire (you should learn more about their installation from professionals).

Stage 6 - Finishing of the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

The ventilated façade should be finished with porcelain tiles in strict accordance with the project documentation. This needs to be done in several stages:

With help electric drill drill holes in the metal profile (holes are marked in accordance with the project documentation);
Insert clamps into the drilled holes and securely fix them with self-tapping screws to the frame profile.

Be sure to study the tips for installing a ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware and get other answers to similar questions.

Video story telling in detail about the installation of porcelain tiles on a curtain wall

Installation of porcelain tiles can be carried out in two ways - with a seam visible to the eye and without it (We recommend studying the article on the use of façade porcelain tiles within of this material). The first option is much simpler to implement, the second is more complex, but the result will be more aesthetically attractive.

The seamless installation method is as follows: the tile is fixed to two adjacent profiles using a horizontal cut. In this case, the load on the frame is significantly reduced.

In conclusion, let's summarize

Constructing a ventilated curtain-type façade yourself is enough difficult process. However, if you approach the matter in strict accordance with the design documentation and follow all the recommendations step by step, you can achieve an ideal result without resorting to the help of professional builders and finishers.

Properly executed façade finishing with porcelain tiles will reliably protect your home from all adverse natural factors. long years! Good luck with your work!

Curtain facades made of porcelain stoneware are very popular due to their functional qualities and durability

Modern facades can amaze with their uniqueness, unusual design and, of course, mind-blowing cost.

But none of the possible facades is worth anything without a well-built ventilation system that will help you feel comfortable in the room and keep all finishing materials in a suitable condition for a long period of time.

Facades made of porcelain stoneware

To understand the assembly process, you must first study the structure of the porcelain stoneware facade, and only after that proceed to selecting the most suitable insulation and, of course, the installation process itself.

Of course, it cannot be said that the design of a ventilated facade consists only of porcelain stoneware. It also includes other materials, but due to the fact that they are located between the wall and the front layer, they are not in danger of being exposed to moisture.

Porcelain stoneware facades are all-season, so they can be installed even in winter;

The panels do not require routine repairs;
They are resistant to aggressive environmental influences;
Operation is very cheap, as it does not require additional costs.

We can say that the efforts of engineers and builders, who for many years have been looking for effective ways to protect building walls from moisture, were crowned with success as soon as this method of fastening was invented.

Structure and main elements

The structure of a ventilated facade is a rather complex structure, the installation of which must take place in strict accordance with all rules and technological standards. It is precisely because of how well the façade is installed that the lifespan of the building itself will depend, since a reliable and correctly installed façade will be able to protect the surface from wear and damage for many years.

The structure of the facade consists of such basic elements as:

Insulating layer.
Insulation materials.
Frame.
Removable structural elements.
The facing material, in our case, is porcelain stoneware slabs.

Selecting insulation

To choose a truly high-quality and most suitable insulation material, it is necessary to take into account such basic factors as its thickness and resistance to a humid environment. These criteria are due to the fact that granite will constantly accumulate moisture, and the insulation must completely resist it in order to maintain its thermal insulation properties.

The minimum thickness with maximum efficiency is important due to the fact that porcelain stoneware is very heavy and should be located as tightly as possible to the building itself, therefore the thinner the insulation, the denser the porcelain stoneware façade will be installed.

What to look for when choosing panels

To answer this question, you need to start with the most basic characteristic - the size of the tile. It must be a multiple of the area of the building's façade, and the seams between individual elements must also be taken into account, taking into account temperature fluctuations. The selection of auxiliary parts is also carried out keeping this parameter in mind.

The size of the tile is also important from an aesthetic point of view. Deciding to use porcelain stoneware small sizes for cladding the building, otherwise it will look like a checkered notebook leaf. Therefore, experts recommend choosing products measuring at least 600×600 mm.

It is worth remembering that there are differences in calibers. So porcelain stoneware 600x600 mm can have actual dimensions from 592 to 605 mm. But if any deviations occur during installation, then you need to have a certain margin to compensate for them.

We must not forget about the details for fixing the tiles. By choosing the right method for its installation, you can save money, for example, by installing a porcelain stoneware façade only above the plinth.

Types of fastenings

There are two types of fastening of such structures:

The first will cost more, so it is performed at a lower level, and open throughout the rest of the area. This reduces the overall installation cost.

The material of fasteners is selected taking into account resistance to aggressive environmental influences. Typically, stainless steel or aluminum is used as it is less susceptible to corrosion. An integral part of a ventilated façade is insulation. It should use materials designed for use in outdoor conditions.

Ventilated façade installation technology

To carry out installation, it is necessary to study each of the stages in more detail, which individually is a rather complex technological process. You will need to install different components and at the same time maintain a clear sequence. System technological installation will allow you to get a very high quality, attractive and durable end result.

The façade system and components are installed following the following steps:

Preparatory stage.
Marking the area and marking points for fastening.
Installation of fasteners.
Fastening insulators and insulation.
Installation of a guide structure or frame.
Installation of facing panels.

Step 1: Surface Preparation

The first stage of preparation for further installation is practically the most important, as it solves many problems in advance and contributes to a smoother, higher-quality and safer execution of all installation work.

Many of the actions that need to be done at this stage are prescribed in a special law, which strictly monitors the correct organization of construction. So, first of all, you must worry about the safety of passers-by and residents of nearby buildings:

Equip a restrictive structure at a distance of at least three meters from the wall that will be processed.
Place the necessary materials along the perimeter, as well as provide builders with a platform for assembling the structure directly on the ground and close to the installation site.
Introduce restrictions on installation in unsuitable weather conditions.
Adhere to all rules and safety management systems when working.

All of the listed nuances, by and large, relate to the finishing of facades of multi-storey buildings, but when decorating your home in the private sector, you must also adhere to them.

To arrange the façade sheathing you will need the following elements

Step 2: Marking mounting points

The next stage, which does not yet relate to installation, but is no longer preparatory, will be marking the attachment points of all support elements. All measurements and marking of lines should be carried out in strict accordance with the plan that was previously developed by the engineers.

The marking technology for components will take place according to the following stages:

We define and mark the lines of beacons. You need to hit both the extreme vertical and horizontal lines.
On the vertical extreme lines, we mark with paint the points where the support connections will be mounted to the wall of the building.

Mark the beacon lines that are formed in the form of a lower horizontal line and lateral vertical ones. Mark the intermediate marks on which the brackets will be installed.

Step 3: Mount the brackets

We have prepared a small instruction for you that will describe the technological process for installing the bracket system; it consists of only three stages:

Using a hammer drill or any other drilling rig, we make holes in the wall.
We install the paronite gasket in the prepared holes.
We fix the brackets with anchor dowels using a powerful screwdriver.

Make holes in the walls using a hammer drill. Paronite gaskets need to be inserted into the finished holes.

Step 4: Install insulators and insulation

This stage must be carried out with special care, since the comfort of all rooms directly depends on it. To begin with, we install the insulation boards, on which the holes for the brackets are initially prepared. Then we roll out the insulators on top of them and lightly fasten them. We drill holes through the insulation and insulation into which we attach special disc holders.

It is worth noting that the insulation must be laid in a checkerboard pattern, so the risk of cracks forming and the amount of cold passing through the joints will be significantly reduced. To cut most insulation materials, a common stationery knife is used.

Step 5: Install the Guides

Installation of the guides goes quite quickly as you cover a large space at a time. All you need to do is attach the profile to the bracket, align it and secure it with fasteners or bolts. The profiles are not attached to the adjustable brackets as rigidly as possible, so they will have the opportunity to move during the process of subsidence and deformation of the building.

Insert the profiles into the corresponding recesses of the support brackets and secure them with rivets. Don't forget to make fireproof shutoffs.

Finally, it is necessary to secure special fire cutoffs; it is best to ask the firefighters themselves about them. Due to their specialty, they are more competent in this matter.

Step 6: Install the facing slabs

The installation process is quite simple, but requires many different small manipulations. First of all, you need to mark the points on the profiles where the clamps will be installed. After that, according to the markings, a drill is required to install them.

The fastening elements used to fasten this material - clamps - are installed using holes on the guide profiles.

As the clamps are screwed in, porcelain stoneware slabs are laid, which can be installed in two ways: with a seam between individual sections or in a seamless structure. Which one is best suits you or the customer who decides to decorate his façade with such materials.

Ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware, step-by-step installation technology

Types of ventilated facades. Stages of installation work. Nuances in installing the structure.

Technology of façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

The modern building materials market offers such a large number of options for facade finishing that it is easy for an inexperienced person to get confused.

Before you make a purchase, you need to familiarize yourself with possible options, and choose the right one at home. Today we’ll talk about porcelain stoneware and how good it is for façade cladding.

Manufacturing technology of porcelain tiles for facade cladding

Although the material is manufactured in a factory, it is considered environmentally friendly. The raw materials chosen are:

refractory clays;
quartz sand;
clay with a high content of kaolins;
feldspar;
mineral additives acting as a pigment.

As you can see, the substances are only natural, no synthetic components. In terms of composition, porcelain stoneware is classified as a ceramic finishing material.

The technical process begins with the selection of the necessary components and their grinding. Each substance is crushed separately and stored in special containers. Next, the components are mixed dry. The dry mixture is sent to dry to remove moisture.

After drying, they begin to form the tiles. The dried mixture with a moisture content of no more than 7% is poured into prepared forms and sent for pressing. This process takes place in 2 stages:

Removing air bubbles under pressure of about 80 kg/m2.
Forming tiles – 400kg/m2 and more.

After the press, the molds are sent for additional drying, where the moisture is completely removed. Next, the workpieces are fired in long kilns; they are divided into sections, and each has its own temperature regime:

4000 C – preheating;
9000 C – primary firing;
13000C – final firing. At this stage, the blanks are reduced by 5–10% and a finished tile is obtained.

After such high temperatures, it is impossible to remove the material from the oven, because the tiles in the molds remain in the last compartment of the oven for some time, where they gradually cool.

It is important that during firing the forms are kept at each temperature for a certain amount of time. If the substances do not undergo complete fusion, the tile will lose strength. If you overexpose it, the elements will change color and quickly fade.

Main types

Despite the fact that only natural substances are used in production, manufacturers produce many varieties of porcelain stoneware. Based on the finishing method, the following are distinguished:

Matte slabs only undergo a sanding process.

The polished material is further polished, resulting in a glossy and smooth surface.

A semi-polished finish is achieved by using coarser materials during polishing. The cost is slightly lower than the previous option.

Satin plates have an original pattern. To create it, a small amount of mineral salts is sprinkled onto the dry mixture before firing. After fusion, a beautiful ornament is obtained.

The structured version is only matte. This is an imitation of natural materials. The process of creating such tiles is difficult, therefore the price is the most expensive.

In addition, you can choose the color of the products that will be used to cover the walls. Manufacturers offer a choice of natural shades:

There are also radical black options.

The slabs also differ in size. There are small elements of 30x30 cm, and pieces of huge sizes - 120x180 cm. Professionals recommend choosing medium-sized tiles - from 40x40 to 80x80 cm, so as not to overload the facade in one place. Well, installing such parts is easier.

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

Studying the advantages and disadvantages will help make sure that the material is suitable not only in appearance, but also in terms of technical and operational characteristics. Let's start with the advantages of cladding:

Fire and environmental safety. The material does not burn, and only natural substances are used for production.
Stability under sudden and frequent changes in temperature conditions.
Moisture-repellent properties.
Additional noise and heat insulation options.
Easy to install.
Long service life. Some manufacturers indicate a figure of more than 50 years, but if you take into account all the subtleties of installation, this value can be increased.
Unpretentious care. The surface does not accumulate dust and dirt, so it is easily cleaned by precipitation. Water from a hose will do.
Inert to chemical and ultraviolet influence. The material does not react with cleaning agents if they are used. And it retains its original appearance for a long time throughout its entire service life.

Of the shortcomings, only two can be identified, but for some they will be decisive factors:

Large weight of individual elements of porcelain stoneware finishing and the entire structure as a whole. If the design of the house does not take into account the use of such cladding, then it is better to refuse this option. Otherwise, you need to strengthen the foundation and load-bearing walls, and this will delay the cladding process and incur additional costs.
Great cost.

If these shortcomings do not frighten you, then porcelain stoneware finishing will decorate your home.

Technology of cladding the facade of a building with porcelain stoneware

To carry out finishing work yourself, you need to familiarize yourself with the methods of fastening the material and the main stages of the technological process. Porcelain tiles can be fixed in two ways:

Mechanical. Special clamps, rivets or self-tapping screws are used. Suitable for installation on the frame of a ventilated facade.
For the adhesive solution. Fixes directly to a pre-leveled building wall or stair step.

You can combine wet and mechanical installation methods. As for the technology itself, you need to adhere to the following plan:

Preparing the base. Cleaning dirt and stains, removing hanging elements, sealing cracks and holes for fasteners, and, if necessary, leveling with cement mortar. Be sure to treat the surface with primer. Concrete base without flaws there is no need to level it.
If the installation method based on the principle of a ventilated facade is chosen, a frame is installed.
Cladding with porcelain tiles.

Mechanical fastening

This method of installing facing material involves the use of clamps, rivets or self-tapping screws. He can be:

Open - made in tiles through hole, and the fasteners will be visible. To ensure that the fasteners are not subject to rapid corrosion, choose options that are galvanized or coated with paint that matches the shade.

Hidden - holes are made in the end of the element for cladding. Then the fasteners will not be visible to others.

If you choose the wet method of cladding the facade of the building, you need to carefully inspect the base. The surface must be perfectly flat; if there are potholes or protruding parts, plaster will help eliminate them.

For facade works choose a special glue. It must withstand changes in temperature conditions and mechanical stress. In addition, you should make sure that you can withstand a heavy load. The manufacturer indicates this information on the packaging.

You can also glue porcelain stoneware onto the porch of a private house. The technology is the same, only after finishing the work the surface cannot be loaded for about 3 days so that the glue can completely harden.

Combined method

For more reliable fixation, use a combined fastening method. A small amount of glue is applied to the tiles and applied to the frame; after the glue has dried, mechanical fastening begins.

The fasteners can be hidden or left in plain sight. Here the owner decides for himself what is more preferable.

As stated above, facing a house with porcelain stoneware can be carried out according to the principle of a ventilated facade. For a weighty structure, you need to select a reliable profile. Wooden beam may not withstand the load, so it is better to buy a metal profile. In addition, the service life of wood is shorter than that of cladding.

The frame for the ventilation facade is equipped according to the standard plan:

Marking and installation of brackets.
Arrangement of waterproofing layers and laying of insulation.
Fixation of guides taking into account the size of the tiles. You definitely need to check how evenly the profiles are installed.

Simply gluing the slabs to cement mortar is not the most reliable option. The base is constantly subjected to mechanical stress and therefore the parts can boil. If the decision is made to veneer the base wet method, then you need to choose a suitable adhesive solution. The gluing process will be the same as cladding walls and steps.

But a combined fixation method will be more reliable. The sheathing is installed only from metal profiles, and the fasteners are made hidden. Insulating the basement will not be superfluous. It’s just better to choose ones that are more resistant to high humidity materials.

Approximate prices for façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

As stated above, such cladding will be quite expensive. Matte tiles cost from 320 rubles per square meter, polished tiles will cost from 1000 rubles/m2. Satin tiles can be purchased at a price that starts from 1,250 rubles per square meter.

In addition, you still need to spend money on a cool mixture or profiles and fasteners. Those who do not want to waste their time or are not comfortable with such work must also pay for the work of a professional team. The cost of the work is almost the same as the materials.

Facade cladding with porcelain stoneware: installation technology (photo, video)

How to properly cladding a house or part of it (basement) with porcelain stoneware slabs? What are the advantages of porcelain stoneware cladding, its main characteristics.

Facade porcelain tiles

Installation of a ventilated facade

Manufacturing technology and main types

Artificial stone is made from powders by pressing under high pressure followed by firing. Pressing pressure up to 500 kg/cm 2, firing temperature up to +1300°C. The powder contains quartz sand, clay, kaolins, feldspars and mineral dyes. To give an original appearance, other additives can be used. At first, porcelain tiles were used only as technical tiles, but later they began to use them for the manufacture of flooring and sanitary equipment. Recently, facades of various buildings and structures have been covered with porcelain tiles.

Porcelain tiles allow you to implement complex architectural projects

One of the options for porcelain stoneware finishing

Unlike flooring, the thickness of porcelain stoneware slabs for facades does not exceed ten millimeters. Otherwise, the large weight of the structures has a negative impact on the foundation of buildings. In addition, the requirements for the load-bearing performance of facade walls are increasing; not all of them are suitable for cladding with such material. There are no standard overall dimensions; manufacturers are guided by their own specifications. But for facades it is not recommended to use tiles that are too small or large; the size should be at least 40x40 cm and no more than 80x80 cm.

Porcelain tiles for facade

Porcelain stoneware facing tiles

Unfortunately, domestic companies (Kerabud, Estima and others) are not yet able to produce high-quality large-sized tiles for facade decoration. Professional builders strongly recommend purchasing products from Spanish or Italian companies: Alfa Ceramiche, AO Ceramicas Aparici, etc. You should not deal with the Chinese; the surface of the facade will be uneven due to problems with the accuracy of the slabs. The material belongs to the expensive category, you don’t need to throw away a lot of money and end up with crooked facades, even if they are made of fashionable porcelain stoneware.

Table of external surface options

Features of porcelain tiles for facades

Companies produce mosaic, glazed and other types of porcelain tiles, but they are not used for finishing facades due to their very high cost. To ensure that the edges of the artificial stone have ideal dimensions, they are cut with high-precision machines during manufacturing. The higher the quality of the tile and the smaller the deviation from dimensions, the easier it is to work with. But such material is not available to all consumers due to the high price.

Physical characteristics of porcelain stoneware

Facade ventilated porcelain stoneware with wood effect

Advantages of porcelain stoneware facade slabs

The relatively high cost of the facing material is fully justified by its excellent performance characteristics.

The material is completely non-flammable and is recommended by fire organizations for creating barriers.

The material is absolutely non-flammable

Original facade solutions

In all respects, porcelain stoneware for facade cladding is superior to traditional materials. The only problem is the price, but when you consider the additional savings on surface maintenance and excellent design performance, the high cost is justified.

Porcelain tiles for facades are currently the most durable solution for cladding buildings

White and black exterior, porcelain stoneware finish

Step-by-step instructions for installing façade porcelain stoneware slabs

Important. Installation of façade porcelain tiles is a very responsible job. If you don't have any experience, don't take it. Poor quality execution will result in the loss of significant financial resources. In addition, a slab falling from a height can cause serious injury. Unconditionally follow all manufacturers' recommendations, use only those fasteners that are designed for a specific weight.

Wall cladding with slabs (ventilated facade system) consists of several structural elements:

carrier system. It includes mounting brackets, vertical and horizontal guides. They are made of thick galvanized steel; special holes are provided to adjust the spatial position. They must not only withstand the weight of porcelain stoneware slabs, but also the wind load;
thermal insulation layer, if you plan to install one. All modern buildings must be thermally insulated; this is provided for by current regulations. In old buildings, the decision on additional wall insulation is made by each owner individually;
facing finishing slabs. The dimensions and appearance of porcelain tiles are selected taking into account the planned design of the facade walls.

Fasteners for installing porcelain tiles

Before starting installation, remove near the wall, assemble scaffolding, and think about where to store materials. Be sure to work together, or better yet, three. The final number of people is determined taking into account the size and weight of the slabs. It is advisable to draw a wall on paper, indicate its dimensions and first think through a plan for placing the brackets, taking into account the linear dimensions of the slabs and the method of their fastening. Determine the locations for fixing the brackets, calculate their number and linear meters of horizontal and vertical slats. Taking into account the weight, choose dowels or anchors; the heavier the slabs, the stronger the hardware should be.

Assembly diagram of substructure elements and porcelain stoneware slabs. Option 1

During preliminary planning, count the number of window openings and doors, determine the entry/exit points of utility lines. They must be accessible for prompt elimination of emergency situations.

Any installation of a ventilation facade must first be correctly calculated

Important. The brackets must be at a distance of at least 10 cm from the corner of the building, window and door openings, otherwise there is a risk of compromising the strength of the frame.

Secure the two uppermost brackets, lower a long plumb line from them and mark the lowest points. Use a rope with blue to beat off the vertical lines.

Mounting bracket to the building wall

Step 2. Taking into account the dimensions of the porcelain tiles and the manufacturer's instructions, beat off the remaining vertical lines at the recommended distance. For most cases of finishing facades with porcelain stoneware slabs, the vertical distances between brackets are up to 1000 mm, horizontal distances are up to 800 mm. When calculating the quantities for the entire wall, round the resulting values taking into account the dimensions of the façade wall.

Step 4. Use a hammer drill with a pobedit drill bit. The depth of the holes should be several centimeters greater than the length of the dowels or anchors. For porcelain stoneware slabs, it is recommended to use anchors; they can withstand significant forces. It is not safe to work with dowels.

Marking and drilling holes

L-shaped bracket for installation of guides

Schematic diagram of insulation installation

Schematic diagram of installation of two-layer insulation

Practical advice. For insulation, take sheets at least 10 cm thick; thinner ones give little effect, and the labor costs are the same. But the final decision depends on the thermal conductivity of the wall.

Glass wool is secured with special dowels with large heads. Press the mats tightly against each other, install them in a checkerboard pattern, and do not allow any gaps to form. Any violations of technology lead to a significant decrease in heat saving efficiency. One standard size mat must have at least five fixation points. Remember that a gap of 2-3 cm between glass wool and the wall reduces the efficiency of heat saving by at least 60%. Air convection occurs in the gap due to the temperature difference, warm air goes outside, and the wall is cooled by incoming cold air.

Sequence of fixing plates

Fastening insulation with dowels

Important. Do not cut large holes in the locations of the supporting brackets or create additional areas of heat loss. Figure out where the bracket will come out and only here cut the mat lengthwise or crosswise. How exactly to cut depends on the characteristics of the bracket.

Mineral wool should be reliably protected from water. Cover it with a moisture-proof cloth; there is a huge selection of them on sale today. Do not use plastic film; moisture will accumulate under it and condensation will appear in winter. Mineral wool is moistened, and as the relative humidity increases, the heat saving values rapidly decrease.

Wind-hydroprotective membrane installation diagram

At this point, the first part of the installation of porcelain stoneware slabs is completed, you can proceed to the second stage.

Fix the two outer supporting profiles strictly level and adjust their position in relation to the wall. Check the spatial position again.
Stretch ropes between them and mount the remaining vertical elements along them. We have already mentioned that fixation can be done with rivets or bolts. Never buy elements that are fastened with self-tapping screws; they are made of thin steel and are not designed for heavy loads.
After the vertical slats are installed, fix the horizontal slats to them. The more often you check their position, the less disappointment you expect during the installation of porcelain stoneware slabs.

Step 2. Install the slabs. They are fixed using metal clamps.

Porcelain tile fastening diagram

This is what the clamps for installing porcelain tiles look like

Attaching starting clamps

Installation of porcelain tiles

It is important to maintain the gaps between the plates

Porcelain tile fastening unit in the guide

Porcelain tile fastening unit on the inner corner of the facade

Feudal attachment point on the outer corner of the building

Step 3. If there are outlets for pipes or electrical cables on the wall, then technological holes should be made in these places in the porcelain stoneware slabs.

With a correctly installed frame, work is completed quickly. Remember that time lost on marking and installing load-bearing elements is always returned during installation.

Before choosing a specific installation method for porcelain tiles, consider the following factors:

house dimensions;
climatic features - temperature factor, prevailing wind direction, average annual precipitation;
designer look and personal budget options.

Window frame installation diagram

Assembly of the façade to the window opening, lower

Junction of the facade to the window opening, side

Assembly of the façade to the window opening, upper

Carefully make connections and frames; cover the side ends only with solid slabs. Pay special attention to the base and areas where it joins the roof. Eliminate the possibility of moisture ingress, but do not close the ventilation. Based on the results of the inspection of defective facades, it was found that 55% of problems were due to improper installation of porcelain tiles, 40% due to incorrect markings and 5% due to unprofessional selection of load-bearing elements.

Facade finishing - photo

This is what a ventilated porcelain stoneware façade looks like

Facade porcelain tiles: installation technology step by step

Find out what façade porcelain tiles are. Types and features, performance characteristics. Step-by-step instruction installation Photo + video.

Ventilated facades using porcelain stoneware slabs were initially used only for finishing public and administrative buildings. However, the strength and durability of the material, as well as its sophisticated and expensive appearance, quickly attracted the attention of owners of private houses. It is not surprising that today country cottages with porcelain stoneware cladding are becoming widespread.

Features of the material

A ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware serves to protect the walls of the building from negative factors external environment, and also performs a decorative function. The material is used to organize hanging facade system, one of the features of which is the fastening finishing material on a special crate.

The curtain wall can be ventilated or unventilated. The first type is characterized by the presence of air space between the wall and the facade material. The advantages of a ventilated system using porcelain tiles include increasing the heat and sound insulation performance of the building, its weather resistance, and at the same time durability.

The use of lathing allows you to hide minor defects and unevenness of the surface being finished. Finally, thermal insulation material can be installed into the air space. In this case, an air “cushion” is formed between the outer finishing layer and the insulation layer.

Siding, slabs and porcelain stoneware, which is popular today, are used as facing materials. Let's take a closer look at what this material is.

Porcelain tile is a type of artificial stone. It contains quartz sand, clay, feldspar, as well as dyes and modifiers. The surface of porcelain stoneware imitates the texture of natural stone. The visual similarity of the materials is surprisingly accurate - a non-professional can only identify an artificial analogue upon close, careful examination.

Unlike natural stone, porcelain stoneware has less weight, simpler processing and installation method. It does not require constant maintenance, has a smooth surface that is prone to self-cleaning, and is characterized by the absence of background radiation. Finally, the cost of porcelain tiles is almost 3 times lower than the cost of their natural counterpart.

It is also worth noting the following advantages facade material, How:

high strength, resistance to environmental influences;
increased resistance to loads (static and dynamic);
improved sound insulation values;

maintainability - the ability to replace only the damaged element without dismantling the entire facade;
fire safety - the material does not burn, is not prone to self-ignition, does not emit toxic substances in the event of a fire;
environmental friendliness due to the natural composition;
durability.

In comparison with others facing materials(except for natural stone), porcelain stoneware has a lot of weight. This implies additional strengthening of the building’s foundation, which means an increase in the labor intensity of the construction process and installation of slabs, and also entails an increase in financial costs. It is worth noting that the cost of the material itself is quite high.

Device

The impressive weight of porcelain stoneware slabs implies the manufacture of a powerful and reliable subsystem. The technological map for the material recommends using it only on an aluminum base. However, in practice, galvanized analogues are used to reduce installation costs. There is no official data indicating the collapse of facades as a result of such a replacement, however, it should always be remembered that failure to comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations entails additional risks.

The subsystem is used to install porcelain stoneware on it and to ensure that the air gap between external cladding and a wall. The basis of the subsystem is profiles connected to each other horizontally and vertically.

Fixation of porcelain stoneware is usually carried out using clamps, which are mounted openly or hidden. The latter method is more labor-intensive and increases the cost, but is aesthetically more attractive. Only facade tiles made of porcelain stoneware are used for work. Despite the apparent strength of the floor analogue, its use is unacceptable due to the greater thickness of the tiles, and, therefore, more weight. The thickness of the facade tiles is always the same and is 10 mm.

The subsystem profiles are fastened to the wall using brackets. Insulation (mineral or basalt wool) is also installed between the sheathing and the wall, and on top of it - windproof film. All components and fasteners must be made of stainless steel or have an anti-corrosion coating.

Kinds

Depending on the method used to cover the subsystem, there are 2 types of ventilated porcelain stoneware facades:

adhesive system (the slabs are fixed to the sheathing with polyurethane glue);
clamp system (fastening of porcelain stoneware to the subsystem is carried out using fastening mechanisms).

A building finished with porcelain stoneware can look different. This partly depends on the type of “stone” used.

There are the following types of porcelain stoneware slabs:

matte (the surface is not polished during the manufacturing process, so the product is non-shiny and has the lowest cost);
glossy (looks more elegant, respectable, the surface does not attract dust, but it is noticeable tiny cracks and scratches);
satin (characterized by a variety of shades and the presence of dark patterns, which is achieved by spraying mineral salt onto the surface);

semi-polished (polished with compounds with larger fractions, which reduces the cost of the product compared to its glossy counterpart);
structural (matte, slightly rough surface with an imitation of the texture of natural stone).

Differences may also concern the size of the slabs. There is no single standard regulating the requirements for material dimensions. Usually the slabs have square shape with sides from 40 to 80 cm. The use of smaller slabs does not look so attractive visually - from a distance the impression of a finely lined facade is created.

Installation methods

As already mentioned, porcelain stoneware can be connected to the sheathing using clamps or glued to polyurethane adhesives. In addition to glue, double-sided adhesive tape is used. Its task is to hold the material until the adhesive composition is completely polymerized.

The mechanical method involves open and closed types of installation. Open (visible) technology involves the use of an ordinary clamp, the antennae of which are quite noticeable after installation. This is the disadvantage of this method. However open type installation is more efficient and less labor-intensive.

At closed installation Porcelain tiles are attached using a clamp to the guide profile. It is clear that the cost of the work increases, as does its complexity. As a result, the joints between the slabs and the fasteners are invisible, creating the effect of a single stone wall.

Main stages of work

Installation of hinged ventilated porcelain stoneware facades is carried out in several stages. We present sample instructions for action.

Creating a project. At this stage, drawings of the future cladding are drawn up. Examples can be found on the Internet, adapting them to the dimensions and features of a particular house. After drawing up the plan, the required number of slabs, profiles for sheathing, clamps and other fasteners becomes clear.
Preparing for work. At this stage, materials are purchased and delivered to the construction site. Because the Vacation home is located on private territory, it is not necessary to fence the site of future work with materials that comply with the standards and install a warning sign. However, for the sake of your own safety and to prevent accidental damage to materials, it is recommended to somehow designate the place of work.
Facade preparation. This stage of work, in turn, includes smaller processes: inspection of the facade, removal of protruding elements of the current cladding, strengthening of dilapidated areas, priming of the surface.

It is important that the marking is carried out exactly in accordance with the design documentation.

Installation of brackets. The quality of fastening of porcelain tiles depends on the accuracy and reliability of the brackets. Holes are made on the facade for the bracket, the diameter of which is 5 mm less than the diameter of the hardware. Before installing the brackets, a paronite (compensation) insert is laid between them and the wall.
Fixing the insulation. Typically, basalt insulation in the form of slabs is used. It is placed between the brackets and fixed with foam glue or dowels. It is necessary to start laying thermal insulation sheets from the bottom; it is recommended to place them on the base or starting profile.

The latter prevents the insulation from slipping and also protects it from rodents. Each subsequent row of insulating material is laid offset by ½ sheet.

Membrane installation. Windproof film (or its improved version - diffusion membrane) is designed to protect thermal insulation sheets from air flows that penetrate into the space under the facade through ventilation gaps. The film covers the entire facade and is overlapped. After its installation, umbrella dowels are installed on top of the film, breaking through the insulation. Thanks to this, it is possible to hold the materials together and ensure their reliable fixation.
Installation of profiles. Manufactured in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations for assembly type children's construction set– first installed and fastened load-bearing elements, then everyone else.

Installation of porcelain tiles. If the boards are glued to profiles, then it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's instructions, which are usually given on the packaging with the glue. When fixing with clamps, in accordance with the design documents, the location of the fastener on the T-profile should be determined. Use a drill to make holes for the fasteners, then attach the clamp with rivets. Now you can install a facade slab on it.

By doing hidden installation At the ends of the porcelain stoneware, cuts are made, at least 4. These holes are connected to fasteners. This technology allows you to hide the clamps, as well as evenly distribute the weight of the slab on the frame.

Correcting possible errors

In order for the operation of the facade to be pleasant and long-lasting, it is important to avoid common mistakes.

Installation of the subsystem at negative temperature, which leads to weakening of fasteners and loss of strength by the subsystem.
Failure to use a compensation lining when installing brackets causes their gradual weakening due to compression and stretching of the material during temperature fluctuations.
When installing insulation in several layers, the seams of the heat-insulating sheets coincide, which can result in a decrease in the thermal efficiency of the facade due to the formation of cold bridges.
Excessively close fixation of the clamps, due to which the porcelain stoneware fits too tightly into the fasteners. When heated, this causes an increase in internal tension system and increasing the size of the slab. This may even cause it to break.

Stage No. 1 - Preparatory

To erect a ventilated façade, a number of preparatory works are required. Moreover, all work should be carried out in a certain order, which is recorded in the relevant requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological service for the organization of any construction production.

Read also the article about and find answers to your questions.

The preparatory stage should include the following steps:

the boundary of construction work should be marked at a distance of about three meters from the walls along the entire perimeter of the building;
All materials necessary for construction and finishing work should be placed on this site;
here you should also equip a place for work related to the assembly and installation of the frame structure;
in unfavorable weather conditions, any construction and finishing work should be completely excluded.

Read also about in addition to this material.

Stage No. 2 - Marking walls for installation of fasteners

Marking should be done in several stages:

First, you should mark beacon lines: a horizontal line along the bottom edge of the facade and 2 vertical lines along the edges of the wall.
Using paint along the drawn lines, draw all the points in those places where it is planned to install supporting and load-bearing fasteners-brackets on the last vertical lines.

Stage No. 3 - Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

Stage No. 4. - Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

At this stage, the following manipulations should be performed:

the insulation is “hung” directly on the wall of the building through the slots for the supporting brackets;
A moisture-proof membrane film should be hung over the insulation layer and temporarily fixed. Adjacent strips of moisture-proof film should be overlapped and secured, with the edge of one strip overlapping the other by at least 10 cm.
through the film and insulation, drill holes in the wall of the building to install dowel plates;
install the heat-insulating material - this work should start from the lowest row (starting profile or building base) and move upward;
heat-insulating boards should be laid end-to-end, without leaving through gaps or cracks;
if the need arises, you can trim the heat-insulating boards using a hand saw with a fine tooth;

If according to the project, it is required install thermal insulation material in two layers, then you need to do it as follows:

the bottom layer of insulation is attached to the wall using dowel plates; in this case, each layer of insulation must be secured with at least two dowels;
The top layer of insulation should be mounted in a checkerboard pattern and also secured using dowel plates.

Stage No. 5 - Installation of guides

At this stage, installation should be carried out vertical profiles to load-bearing brackets. For this purpose you need:

install and fix metal profiles in the corresponding grooves of the supporting fasteners-brackets;
Using rivets, secure the metal guides to the supporting fasteners-brackets.

In those support brackets that can be adjusted, the profile is installed freely, without tightening. This ensures that the profile does not deform during sudden temperature changes.

In addition, at this stage it is advisable to fix the cutoffs, serving to prevent fire (you should learn more about their installation from professionals).

Stage 6 - Finishing of the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

The ventilated façade should be finished with porcelain tiles in strict accordance with the project documentation. This needs to be done in several stages:

Using an electric drill, drill holes in the metal profile (the holes are marked in accordance with the project documentation);
Insert clamps into the drilled holes and securely fix them with self-tapping screws to the frame profile.

Be sure to explore and get other answers to similar questions.

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Facade made of porcelain stoneware

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Advantages of a façade made of porcelain stoneware

Completed objects with porcelain stoneware facades

Alucom facade systems for fastening porcelain stoneware

Order a facade system for porcelain stoneware

Porcelain tiles for facade

Porcelain tiles for facades - technical characteristics

Which façade porcelain tiles are best to use?

Installation of ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

Fastening porcelain stoneware to the facade

Glue method - installation of porcelain tiles with glue

Mechanical method - installation of porcelain stoneware on clamps

Installation of ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

Installation technology for ventilation facades made of porcelain stoneware

Design of suspended ventilated facades

Preparatory work

Preparation (façade) of the wall surface

Installation of brackets (supporting and load-bearing)

Installation of thermal insulation material

Installation of film (membrane)

Installation of guide profiles

Installation of porcelain stoneware slabs

Preparatory work

Subsystem

Thermal insulation installation technology

Installation of vertical profile

Fastening porcelain stoneware

Manufacturing technology and main types

Advantages of porcelain stoneware facade slabs

Step-by-step instructions for installing façade porcelain stoneware slabs

Video - Installation of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware

Installation of a ventilated curtain-type facade using finishing in the form of porcelain stoneware slabs

Stage No. 1 - Preparatory

Stage No. 2 - Marking walls for installation of fasteners

Stage No. 3 – Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

Stage No. 4. – Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

Stage No. 5 - Installation of guides

Stage 6 - Finishing of the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

In conclusion, let's summarize

Facades made of porcelain stoneware

Selecting insulation

What to look for when choosing panels

Ventilated façade installation technology

Technology of façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

Manufacturing technology of porcelain tiles for facade cladding

Main types

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

Technology of cladding the facade of a building with porcelain stoneware

Approximate prices for façade cladding with porcelain stoneware

Facade porcelain tiles

Manufacturing technology and main types

Advantages of porcelain stoneware facade slabs

Step-by-step instructions for installing façade porcelain stoneware slabs

Features of the material

Device

Kinds

Installation methods

Main stages of work

Correcting possible errors

Stage No. 1 - Preparatory

Stage No. 2 - Marking walls for installation of fasteners

Stage No. 3 - Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

Stage No. 4. - Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

Stage No. 5 - Installation of guides

Stage 6 - Finishing of the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

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