Horrible experiences of the Nazis. Horrors of war: Terrible experiments of German scientists on people (1 photo)

Fascist Germany, in addition to starting the Second World War, is also notorious for its concentration camps, as well as the horrors that happened there. The horror of the Nazi camp system consisted not only of terror and arbitrariness, but also of the colossal experiments on people that were carried out there. Scientific research was carried out on a grand scale, and its goals were so varied that it would take a long time to even name them.

In German concentration camps, scientific hypotheses were tested and various biomedical technologies were tested on living “human material”. War time dictated its priorities, so doctors were primarily interested in practical use scientific theories. For example, the possibility of maintaining people’s working capacity under conditions of excessive stress, blood transfusions with different Rh factors were studied, and new drugs were tested.

Among these monstrous experiments are pressure tests, experiments on hypothermia, the development of a vaccine against typhus, experiments with malaria, gas, sea water, poisons, sulfanilamide, sterilization experiments and many others.

In 1941, experiments were carried out with hypothermia. They were led by Dr. Rascher under the direct supervision of Himmler. The experiments were carried out in two stages. At the first stage, they found out what temperature a person could withstand and for how long, and the second stage was to determine ways to restore the human body after frostbite. To conduct such experiments, prisoners were taken out in winter without clothes for the whole night or placed in ice water. Hypothermia experiments were carried out exclusively on men to simulate the conditions experienced by German soldiers on the Eastern Front, since the Nazis were ill-prepared for winter period time. For example, in one of the first experiments, prisoners were lowered into a container of water, the temperature of which ranged from 2 to 12 degrees, wearing pilot suits. At the same time, they were put on life jackets, which kept them afloat. As a result of the experiment, Rascher found that attempts to bring a person caught in ice water back to life are practically zero if the cerebellum was overcooled. This was the reason for the development of a special vest with a headrest that covered the back of the head and prevented the back of the head from plunging into the water.

The same Dr. Rascher in 1942 began conducting experiments on prisoners using pressure changes. Thus, doctors tried to establish how much air pressure a person could withstand and for how long. To conduct the experiment, a special pressure chamber was used, in which the pressure was regulated. There were 25 people in it at the same time. The purpose of these experiments was to help pilots and skydivers at high altitudes. According to one of the doctor's reports, the experiment was carried out on a 37-year-old Jew who was in good health. physical fitness. Half an hour after the start of the experiment, he died.

200 prisoners took part in the experiment, 80 of them died, the rest were simply killed.

The Nazis also made large-scale preparations for the use of bacteriological agents. The emphasis was mainly on fast-acting diseases, plague, anthrax, typhus, that is, diseases that short time could cause mass infections and death of the enemy.

The Third Reich had large reserves of typhus bacteria. In the event of their mass use, it was necessary to develop a vaccine to disinfect the Germans. On behalf of the government, Dr. Paul began developing a vaccine against typhus. The first to experience the effects of vaccines were the prisoners of Buchenwald. In 1942, 26 Roma, who had previously been vaccinated, were infected with typhus there. As a result, 6 people died from progression of the disease. This result did not satisfy the management, since the mortality rate was high. Therefore, research was continued in 1943. And already on next year The improved vaccine was again tested in humans. But this time the victims of vaccination were prisoners of the Natzweiler camp. Dr. Chrétien conducted the experiments. 80 gypsies were selected for the experiment. They were infected with typhus in two ways: by injection and by airborne droplets. Of the total number of test subjects, only 6 people became infected, but even such a small number were not provided with any medical care. In 1944, all 80 people who were involved in the experiment either died from the disease or were shot by concentration camp guards.

In addition, other cruel experiments were carried out on prisoners in the same Buchenwald. So, in 1943-1944, experiments with incendiary mixtures were carried out there. Their goal was to solve problems associated with bomb explosions, when soldiers received phosphorus burns. Mostly Russian prisoners were used for these experiments.

Experiments with the genitals were also carried out here in order to identify the causes of homosexuality. They involved not only homosexuals, but also men of traditional orientation. One of the experiments was genital transplantation.

Also in Buchenwald, experiments were carried out to infect prisoners with yellow fever, diphtheria, smallpox, and also used poisonous substances. For example, to study the effect of poisons on human body, they were added to prisoners' food. As a result, some of the victims died, and some were immediately shot for autopsies. In 1944, all participants in this experiment were shot using poison bullets.

A series of experiments were also carried out at the Dachau concentration camp. Thus, back in 1942, some prisoners aged 20 to 45 were infected with malaria. In total, 1,200 people were infected. Permission to conduct the experiment was obtained by the leader, Dr. Pletner, directly from Himmler. The victims were bitten by malarial mosquitoes, and, in addition, they were also infused with sporozoans, which were taken from mosquitoes. For treatment, quinine, antipyrine, pyramidon, as well as a special medicinal product, which was called "2516-Bering". As a result, approximately 40 people died from malaria, about 400 died from complications of the disease, and another number died from excessive doses of medication.

Here, in Dachau, in 1944, experiments were carried out to convert sea water into drinking water. For the experiments, 90 gypsies were used, who were completely deprived of food and forced to drink only sea water.

No less terrible experiments were carried out at the Auschwitz concentration camp. Thus, in particular, throughout the entire period of the war, sterilization experiments were carried out there, the purpose of which was to identify quick and effective way sterilization large quantity people without great time and physical costs. During the experiment, thousands of people were sterilized. The procedure was carried out using surgery, x-rays and various medications. At first, injections with iodine or silver nitrate were used, but this method had a large amount side effects. Therefore, irradiation was more preferable. Scientists have found that a certain amount x-rays can prevent the human body from producing eggs and sperm. During the experiments, a large number of prisoners received radiation burns.

The experiments with twins conducted by Dr. Mengele in the Auschwitz concentration camp were particularly cruel. Before the war, he worked on genetics, so twins were especially “interesting” to him.

Mengele personally sorted the “human material”: the most interesting, in his opinion, were sent for experiments, the less hardy - for labor work, and the rest - into the gas chamber.

The experiment involved 1,500 pairs of twins, of which only 200 survived. Mengele conducted experiments on changing eye color by making injections chemicals, resulting in complete or temporary blindness. He also attempted to "create Siamese twins" by sewing twins together. In addition, he experimented with infecting one of the twins with an infection, after which he performed autopsies on both to compare the affected organs.

When Soviet troops approached Auschwitz, the doctor managed to escape to Latin America.

There were also experiments in another German concentration camp - Ravensbrück. The experiments used women who were injected with bacteria of tetanus, staphylococcus, and gas gangrene. The purpose of the experiments was to determine the effectiveness of sulfonamide drugs.

The prisoners were given incisions, where shards of glass or metal were placed, and then bacteria were planted. After infection, the subjects were carefully monitored, recording changes in temperature and other signs of infection. In addition, experiments in transplantology and traumatology were conducted here. Women were deliberately mutilated, and to make it more convenient to monitor the healing process, sections of the body were cut out to the bone. Moreover, their limbs were often amputated, which were then taken to a neighboring camp and sewn on to other prisoners.

Not only did the Nazis abuse prisoners of concentration camps, but they also conducted experiments on “true Aryans.” Thus, a large burial was recently discovered, which was initially mistaken for Scythian remains. However, it was later established that there were German soldiers in the grave. The discovery horrified archaeologists: some of the bodies were decapitated, others had their shinbones sawn apart, and others had holes along the spine. It was also found that during life people were exposed to chemicals, and incisions were clearly visible in many skulls. As it later turned out, these were victims of experiments by the Ahnenerbe, a secret organization of the Third Reich that was engaged in the creation of a superman.

Since it was immediately obvious that such experiments would involve a large number of casualties, Himmler took responsibility for all deaths. He did not consider all these horrors to be murder, because, according to him, concentration camp prisoners are not people.

The Third Reich is the most mysterious empire of the twentieth century. Until now, humanity shudders to comprehend the secrets of the greatest criminal adventure of all time. We have collected for you the most mysterious experiments of scientists of the Third Reich.

Some of these experiments are so terrible that sometimes just the thought that flashes through our heads about it gives us goosebumps.

It’s hard to believe that there were people who didn’t put the lives of other people at a penny, laughed at their suffering, crippled the fate of entire families, and killed children.

Thank God that in our time there are those who can protect us from the modern manifestation of this cruelty, if you support this, we are waiting for your comment.

Along with design nuclear weapons, in the Third Reich, research and experiments were carried out on animals and humans as a biological unit. Namely, Nazi experiments were carried out on people, their endurance nervous system and physical capabilities.

Doctors have always had a special attitude; they were considered the saviors of humanity. Even in ancient times, witch doctors and healers were revered, believing that they had special healing power. That's why modern humanity shocked by the Nazis' outrageous medical experiments.

The wartime priorities were not only rescue, but also the preservation of people’s working capacity in extreme conditions, the possibility of blood transfusions with different Rh factors, and new drugs were tested. Great importance was devoted to experiments to combat hypothermia. The German army, which took part in the war on the eastern front, turned out to be completely unprepared for the climatic conditions of the northern part of the USSR. A huge number of soldiers and officers suffered serious frostbite or even died from the winter cold.

Doctors under the leadership of Dr. Sigmund Rascher dealt with this problem in the Dachau and Auschwitz concentration camps. Reich Minister Heinrich Himmler personally showed great interest in these experiments (the Nazi experiments on people were very similar to the atrocities of the Japanese Unit 731). At a medical conference held in 1942 to study medical problems associated with work in the northern seas and highlands, Dr. Rascher published the results of his experiments conducted on concentration camp prisoners. His experiments concerned two sides - how long a person can stay under low temperatures without dying, and in what ways it can then be reanimated. To answer these questions, thousands of prisoners were immersed in icy water in winter or lay naked and tied to stretchers in the cold.

To find out at what body temperature a person dies, young Slavic or Jewish men were immersed naked in a tank of ice water close to “0” degrees. To measure a prisoner's body temperature, a sensor was inserted into the prisoner's rectum using a probe that had an expandable metal ring at the end, which was pushed open inside the rectum to hold the sensor firmly in place.

It took a huge number of victims to find out that death finally occurs when body temperature drops to 25 degrees. They simulated German pilots getting into the waters of the Northern Arctic Ocean. With the help of inhumane experiments, it was found that hypothermia of the occipital lower part of the head contributes to faster death. This knowledge led to the creation of life jackets with a special headrest that prevents the head from immersing in water.

Sigmund Rascher during hypothermia experiments

To quickly warm up the victim, inhuman torture was also used. For example, we tried to warm up frozen people using ultraviolet lamps, trying to determine the exposure time at which the skin begins to burn. The method of “internal irrigation” was also used. At the same time, water heated to “bubbles” was injected into the test subject’s stomach, rectum and bladder using probes and a catheter. All victims died from such treatment, without exception. The most effective method turned out to be placing a frozen body in water and gradually heating this water. But it died great amount prisoners before it was concluded that heating must be sufficiently slow. At the suggestion of Himmler personally, attempts were made to warm the frozen man with the help of women who warmed the man and copulated with him. This kind of treatment had some success, but, of course, not with critical temperatures cooling...

Dr. Rascher also conducted experiments to determine from what maximum height pilots could jump out of an airplane with a parachute and survive. He conducted experiments on prisoners, simulating atmospheric pressure at an altitude of up to 20 thousand meters and the effect free fall without oxygen cylinder. Of the 200 experimental prisoners, 70 died. It is terrible that these experiments were completely meaningless and did not provide any practical benefit for German aviation.

Research in the field of genetics was very important for the fascist regime. The goal of the fascist doctors was to find evidence of the superiority of the Aryan race over others. A true Aryan had to be athletically built with correct body proportions, be blond and have blue eyes. So that blacks, Latin Americans, Jews, gypsies, and at the same time, simply homosexuals, could in no way prevent the accession of the chosen race, they were simply destroyed...

For those entering into marriage, the German leadership demanded that a whole list of conditions be met and full testing be carried out in order to guarantee the racial purity of children born in marriage. The conditions were very strict, and violation was punishable by up to death penalty. No exceptions were made for anyone.

Thus, the legal wife of Dr. Z. Rascher, whom we mentioned earlier, was infertile, and the married couple adopted two children. Later, the Gestapo conducted an investigation and Z. Fischer’s wife was executed for this crime. So the killer doctor was overtaken by punishment from those people to whom he was fanatically devoted.

In the book by journalist O. Erradon “Black Order. The Pagan Army of the Third Reich" talks about the existence of several programs to preserve the purity of the race. In Nazi Germany, “mercy death” was widely used everywhere - this is a type of euthanasia, the victims of which were disabled children and the mentally ill. All doctors and midwives were required to report newborns with Down syndrome, any physical deformities, cerebral palsy, etc. The parents of such newborns were pressured to send their children to “death centers” scattered throughout Germany.

To prove racial superiority, Nazi medical scientists conducted countless experiments measuring the skulls of people belonging to various nationalities. The scientists' task was to determine external signs, distinguishing the master race, and, accordingly, the ability to detect and correct defects that do occur from time to time. In the cycle of these studies, Dr. Joseph Mengele, who was involved in experiments on twins in Auschwitz, is notorious. He personally screened thousands of arriving prisoners, sorting them into "interesting" or "uninteresting" for his experiments. The “uninteresting” were sent to die in gas chambers, and the “interesting” ones had to envy those who found their death so quickly.

Test subjects were expected terrible torture. Dr. Mengele was especially interested in pairs of twins. It is known that he conducted experiments on 1,500 pairs of twins, and only 200 pairs survived. Many were killed immediately so that a comparative anatomical analysis could be carried out during autopsy. And in some cases, Mengele inoculated various diseases into one of the twins, so that later, having killed both, he could see the difference between the healthy and the sick.

Much attention was paid to the issue of sterilization. Candidates for this were all people with hereditary physical or mental illnesses, as well as various hereditary pathologies, these included not only blindness and deafness, but also alcoholism. In addition to the victims of sterilization within the country, the problem of the population of enslaved countries arose.

The Nazis were looking for ways to sterilize large numbers of people as cheaply and quickly as possible without causing workers long-term disability. Research in this area was led by Dr. Carl Clauberg.

In the Auschwitz, Ravensbrück and other concentration camps, thousands of prisoners were exposed to various medical chemicals, surgical operations, radiography. Almost all of them became disabled and lost the opportunity to procreate. The chemical treatments used were injections of iodine and silver nitrate, which were indeed very effective, but caused many side effects, including cervical cancer, severe abdominal pain, and vaginal bleeding.

The method of radiation exposure of experimental subjects turned out to be more “profitable”. It turned out that a small dose of X-rays can provoke infertility in the human body, men stop producing sperm, and women’s bodies do not produce eggs. The result of this series of experiments was radioactive overdose and even radioactive burns for many prisoners.

From the winter of 1943 to the autumn of 1944, experiments were conducted in the Buchenwald concentration camp on the effects of various poisons on the human body. They were mixed into the prisoners' food and the reaction was observed. Some victims were allowed to die, some were killed by guards at various stages of poisoning, which made it possible to conduct an autopsy and monitor how the poison gradually spreads and affects the body. In the same camp, a search was conducted for a vaccine against the bacteria typhus, yellow fever, diphtheria, and smallpox, for which prisoners were first vaccinated with experimental vaccines and then infected with the disease.

Buchenwald prisoners were also experimented with incendiary mixtures in an attempt to find a way to treat soldiers who received phosphorus burns from bomb explosions. The experiments with homosexuals were truly horrific. The regime considered non-traditional sexual orientation a disease and doctors were looking for ways to treat it. The experiments involved not only homosexuals, but also men of traditional orientation. Treatment included castration, removal of the genital organ, and transplantation of the genital organs. A certain doctor Vaernet tried to treat homosexuality with the help of his invention - an artificially created “gland” that was implanted into prisoners and which was supposed to supply male hormones to the body. It is clear that all these experiments did not bring results.

From the beginning of 1942 to the middle of 1945, in the Dachau concentration camp, German doctors under the leadership of Kurt Pletner conducted research to create a method of treating malaria. Physically selected for the experiment healthy people and infected them using not only malaria mosquitoes, but also by introducing sporozoans isolated from mosquitoes. Quinine, drugs such as antipyrine, pyramidon, and also a special experimental drug “2516-Bering” were used for treatment. As a result of the experiments, about 40 people died directly from malaria, and more than 400 died from complications after the disease or from excessive doses of medications.

During 1942-1943, in the Ravensbrück concentration camp, the effects of antibacterial drugs were tested on prisoners. Prisoners were deliberately shot and then infected with anaerobic gangrene, tetanus and streptococcus bacteria. To complicate the experiment, crushed glass and metal or wood shavings. The resulting inflammation was treated with sulfanilamide and other drugs, determining their effectiveness.

Experiments in transplantology and traumatology were conducted in the same camp. Intentionally mutilating people's bones, doctors cut out sections of skin and muscle down to the bone, so that it would be more convenient to observe the healing process of bone tissue. They also cut off the limbs of some experimental subjects and tried to reattach them to others. Nazi medical experiments were led by Karl Franz Gebhardt.

On Nuremberg trials, which took place after the end of the Second World War, twenty doctors stood trial. The investigation showed that they were, at their core, true serial killers. Seven of them were sentenced to death, five received life imprisonment, four were acquitted, and four more doctors were sentenced to prison terms. different terms- from ten to twenty years of imprisonment. Unfortunately, not everyone involved in the inhumane experiments received retribution. Many of them remained free and lived long lives, unlike their victims.

Doctors have always had a special attitude; they were considered the saviors of humanity. Even in ancient times, witch doctors and healers were revered, believing that they had special healing powers. This is why modern humanity is shocked by the blatant medical experiments of the Nazis.

The wartime priorities were not only rescue, but also the preservation of people’s working capacity in extreme conditions, the possibility of blood transfusions with different Rh factors, and new drugs were tested. Great importance was attached to experiments to combat hypothermia. The German army, which took part in the war on the eastern front, turned out to be completely unprepared for the climatic conditions of the northern part of the USSR. A huge number of soldiers and officers suffered serious frostbite or even died from the winter cold.

Doctors under the leadership of Dr. Sigmund Rascher dealt with this problem in the Dachau and Auschwitz concentration camps. Reich Minister Heinrich Himmler personally showed great interest in these experiments (the Nazi experiments on people were very similar to atrocities). At a medical conference held in 1942 to study medical problems associated with work in the northern seas and highlands, Dr. Rascher published the results of his experiments conducted on concentration camp prisoners. His experiments concerned two aspects - how long a person can stay at low temperatures without dying, and in what ways he can then be resuscitated. To answer these questions, thousands of prisoners were immersed in icy water in winter or lay naked and tied to stretchers in the cold.

Sigmund Rascher during another experiment

It took a huge number of victims to find out that death finally occurs when body temperature drops to 25 degrees. They simulated the entry of German pilots into the waters of the Arctic Ocean. With the help of inhumane experiments, it was found that hypothermia of the occipital lower part of the head contributes to faster death. This knowledge led to the creation of life jackets with a special headrest that prevents the head from immersing in water.

Sigmund Rascher during hypothermia experiments

To quickly warm up the victim, inhuman torture was also used. For example, they tried to warm up frozen people using ultraviolet lamps, trying to determine the time of exposure at which the skin begins to burn. The method of “internal irrigation” was also used. At the same time, water heated to “bubbles” was injected into the test subject’s stomach, rectum and bladder using probes and a catheter. All victims died from such treatment, without exception. The most effective method turned out to be placing a frozen body in water and gradually heating this water. But a huge number of prisoners died before it was concluded that the heating must be slow enough. At the suggestion of Himmler personally, attempts were made to warm the frozen man with the help of women who warmed the man and copulated with him. This kind of treatment had some success, but, of course, not at critical cooling temperatures….

Dr. Rascher also conducted experiments to determine from what maximum height pilots could jump out of an airplane with a parachute and survive. He conducted experiments on prisoners, simulating atmospheric pressure at an altitude of up to 20 thousand meters and the effect of free fall without an oxygen cylinder. Of the 200 experimental prisoners, 70 died. It is terrible that these experiments were completely meaningless and did not provide any practical benefit for German aviation.

In the book by journalist O. Erradon “Black Order. The Pagan Army of the Third Reich" talks about the existence of several programs to preserve the purity of the race. In Nazi Germany, “mercy death” was widely used everywhere, a type of euthanasia, the victims of which were disabled children and the mentally ill. All doctors and midwives were required to report newborns with Down syndrome, any physical deformities, cerebral palsy, etc. The parents of such newborns were pressured to send their children to “death centers” scattered throughout Germany.

To prove racial superiority, Nazi medical scientists conducted countless experiments measuring the skulls of people belonging to various nationalities. The task of scientists was to determine the external signs that distinguish the master race, and, accordingly, the ability to detect and correct defects that do occur from time to time. In the cycle of these studies, Dr. Joseph Mengele, who was involved in experiments on twins in Auschwitz, is notorious. He personally screened thousands of arriving prisoners, sorting them into "interesting" or "uninteresting" for his experiments. The “uninteresting” were sent to die in gas chambers, and the “interesting” had to envy those who found their death so quickly.

Joseph Mengele and an employee of the Institute of Anthropology, 1930s

Horrible torture awaited the test subjects. Dr. Mengele was especially interested in pairs of twins. It is known that he conducted experiments on 1,500 pairs of twins, and only 200 pairs survived. Many were killed immediately so that a comparative anatomical analysis could be carried out during autopsy. And in some cases, Mengele inoculated various diseases into one of the twins, so that later, having killed both, he could see the difference between the healthy and the sick.

Carl Clauberg

In the concentration camps of Auschwitz, Ravensbrück and others, thousands of prisoners were exposed to various medical chemicals, surgical operations, and x-rays. Almost all of them became disabled and lost the opportunity to procreate. The chemical treatments used were injections of iodine and silver nitrate, which were indeed very effective, but caused many side effects, including cervical cancer, severe abdominal pain, and vaginal bleeding.

Serial killers and other maniacs in most cases are inventions of the imagination of screenwriters and directors. But the Third Reich did not like to strain its imagination. Therefore, the Nazis really warmed up on living people.

The terrible experiments of scientists on humanity, ending in death, are far from fiction. This real events which took place during the Second World War. Why not remember them? Moreover, today is Friday the 13th.

Pressure

German physician Sigmund Rascher was too concerned about the problems that Third Reich pilots could have at an altitude of 20 kilometers. Therefore, as the chief physician at the Dachau concentration camp, he created special pressure chambers in which he placed prisoners and experimented with pressure.

After this, the scientist opened the skulls of the victims and examined their brains. 200 people took part in this experiment. 80 died on the surgical table, the rest were shot.

White phosphorus

From November 1941 to January 1944, drugs that could treat white phosphorus burns were tested on the human body in Buchenwald. It is not known whether the Nazis managed to invent a panacea. But, believe me, these experiments took away plenty of prisoners’ lives.

The food in Buchenwald was not the best. This was especially felt from December 1943 to October 1944. The Nazis mixed various poisons into prisoners' food and then studied their effects on the human body. Often such experiments ended with the immediate dissection of the victim after eating. And in September 1944, the Germans got tired of messing around with experimental subjects. Therefore, all participants in the experiment were shot.

Sterilization

Carl Clauberg was a German doctor who became famous for sterilization during World War II. From March 1941 to January 1945, the scientist tried to find a way to make millions of people infertile in the shortest possible time.

Clauberg succeeded: the doctor injected prisoners of Auschwitz, Revensbrück and other concentration camps with iodine and silver nitrate. Although such injections had a lot of side effects (bleeding, pain and cancer), they successfully sterilized the person.

But Clauberg’s favorite was radiation exposure: a person was invited to a special chamber with a chair, sitting on which he filled out questionnaires. And then the victim simply left, not suspecting that she would never be able to have children again. Often such exposures resulted in serious radiation burns.

Sea water

During World War II, the Nazis once again confirmed that sea water is undrinkable. On the territory of the Dachau concentration camp (Germany), the Austrian doctor Hans Eppinger and professor Wilhelm Beiglbeck in July 1944 decided to check how long 90 gypsies could live without water. The victims of the experiment were so dehydrated that they even licked the recently washed floor.

Sulfanilamide

Sulfanilamide is a synthetic antimicrobial agent. From July 1942 to September 1943, the Nazis, led by the German professor Gebhard, tried to determine the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of streptococcus, tetanus and anaerobic gangrene. Who do you think they infected to conduct such experiments?

Mustard gas

Doctors will not find a way to cure a person from a burn with mustard gas if at least one victim of such a chemical weapon does not come to their table. Why look for someone if you can poison and train on prisoners from German concentration camp Sachsenhausen? This is what the minds of the Reich were doing throughout the Second World War.

Malaria

SS Hauptsturmführer and MD Kurt Plötner still could not find a cure for malaria. The scientist was not even helped by the thousand prisoners from Dachau who were forced to take part in his experiments. Victims were infected through the bites of infected mosquitoes and treated with various drugs. More than half of the test subjects did not survive.

Auschwitz prisoners were released four months before the end of World War II. By that time there were few of them left. Almost one and a half million people died, most of them Jews. For several years, the investigation continued, which led to terrible discoveries: people not only died in gas chambers, but also became victims of Dr. Mengele, who used them as guinea pigs.

Auschwitz: the story of a city

A small Polish town in which more than a million innocent people were killed is called Auschwitz all over the world. We call it Auschwitz. Concentration camps, experiments on women and children, gas chambers, torture, executions - all these words have been associated with the name of the city for more than 70 years.

It will sound quite strange in Russian Ich lebe in Auschwitz - “I live in Auschwitz.” Is it possible to live in Auschwitz? They learned about the experiments on women in the concentration camp after the end of the war. Over the years, new facts have been discovered. One is scarier than the other. The truth about the camp called shocked the whole world. Research continues today. Many books have been written and many films have been made on this topic. Auschwitz has become our symbol of painful, difficult death.

Where did mass murders of children take place and terrible experiments on women? In Which city do millions of people on earth associate with the phrase “death factory”? Auschwitz.

Experiments on people were carried out in a camp located near the city, which today is home to 40 thousand people. This is a calm town with a good climate. Auschwitz was first mentioned in historical documents in the twelfth century. In the 13th century there were already so many Germans here that their language began to prevail over Polish. In the 17th century, the city was captured by the Swedes. In 1918 it became Polish again. 20 years later, a camp was organized here, on the territory of which crimes took place, the likes of which humanity had never known.

Gas chamber or experiment

In the early forties, the answer to the question of where the Auschwitz concentration camp was located was known only to those who were doomed to death. Unless, of course, you take the SS men into account. Some prisoners, fortunately, survived. Later they talked about what happened within the walls of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Experiments on women and children, which were carried out by a man whose name terrified the prisoners, are a terrible truth that not everyone is ready to listen to.

The gas chamber is a terrible invention of the Nazis. But there are worse things. Krystyna Zywulska is one of the few who managed to leave Auschwitz alive. In her book of memoirs, she mentions an incident: a prisoner sentenced to death by Dr. Mengele does not go, but runs into the gas chamber. Because death from poisonous gas is not as terrible as the torment from the experiments of the same Mengele.

Creators of the "death factory"

So what is Auschwitz? This is a camp that was originally intended for political prisoners. The author of the idea is Erich Bach-Zalewski. This man had the rank of SS Gruppenführer, and during the Second World War he led punitive operations. With him light hand dozens were sentenced to death. He took Active participation in the suppression of the uprising that took place in Warsaw in 1944.

Assistants to the SS Gruppenführer found appropriate place in a small Polish town. There were already military barracks here, and in addition, there was a well-established railway connection. In 1940, a man named He arrived here. He will be hanged near the gas chambers by decision of the Polish court. But this will happen two years after the end of the war. And then, in 1940, Hess liked these places. He took on the new business with great enthusiasm.

Inhabitants of the concentration camp

This camp did not immediately become a “death factory.” At first, mostly Polish prisoners were sent here. Only a year after the organization of the camp, the tradition of writing a serial number on the prisoner’s hand appeared. Every month more and more Jews were brought. By the end of Auschwitz they made up 90% of total number prisoners. The number of SS men here also grew continuously. In total, the concentration camp received about six thousand overseers, punishers and other “specialists.” Many of them were put on trial. Some disappeared without a trace, including Joseph Mengele, whose experiments terrified prisoners for several years.

We will not give the exact number of Auschwitz victims here. Let's just say that more than two hundred children died in the camp. Most of them were sent to gas chambers. Some ended up in the hands of Josef Mengele. But this man was not the only one who conducted experiments on people. Another so-called doctor is Karl Clauberg.

Beginning in 1943, a huge number of prisoners were admitted to the camp. Most should have been destroyed. But the organizers of the concentration camp were practical people, and therefore decided to take advantage of the situation and use a certain part of the prisoners as material for research.

Karl Cauberg

This man supervised the experiments carried out on women. His victims were predominantly Jewish and Gypsy women. The experiments included organ removal, testing new drugs, and radiation. What kind of person is Karl Cauberg? Who is he? What kind of family did you grow up in, how was his life? And most importantly, where did the cruelty that goes beyond human understanding come from?

By the beginning of the war, Karl Cauberg was already 41 years old. In the twenties, he served as chief physician at the clinic at the University of Königsberg. Kaulberg was not a hereditary doctor. He was born into a family of artisans. Why he decided to connect his life with medicine is unknown. But there is evidence that he served as an infantryman in the First World War. Then he graduated from the University of Hamburg. Apparently, he was so fascinated by medicine that he military career he refused. But Kaulberg was not interested in healing, but in research. In the early forties he began searching for the most practical way sterilization of women who did not belong to the Aryan race. To conduct experiments he was transferred to Auschwitz.

Kaulberg's experiments

The experiments consisted of introducing a special solution into the uterus, which led to serious disturbances. After the experiment, the reproductive organs were removed and sent to Berlin for further research. There is no data on exactly how many women became victims of this “scientist”. After the end of the war, he was captured, but soon, just seven years later, oddly enough, he was released under an agreement on the exchange of prisoners of war. Returning to Germany, Kaulberg did not suffer from remorse. On the contrary, he was proud of his “achievements in science.” As a result, he began to receive complaints from people who suffered from Nazism. He was arrested again in 1955. He spent even less time in prison this time. He died two years after his arrest.

Joseph Mengele

The prisoners nicknamed this man the “angel of death.” Josef Mengele personally met the trains with new prisoners and carried out the selection. Some were sent to gas chambers. Others go to work. He used others in his experiments. One of the Auschwitz prisoners described this man as follows: “Tall, with a pleasant appearance, he looks like a film actor.” He never raised his voice and spoke politely - and this terrified the prisoners.

From the biography of the Angel of Death

Josef Mengele was the son of a German entrepreneur. After graduating from high school, he studied medicine and anthropology. In the early thirties he joined the Nazi organization, but soon left it for health reasons. In 1932, Mengele joined the SS. During the war he served in the medical forces and even received the Iron Cross for bravery, but was wounded and declared unfit for service. Mengele spent several months in the hospital. After recovery, he was sent to Auschwitz, where he began his scientific activities.

Selection

Selecting victims for experiments was Mengele's favorite pastime. The doctor only needed one glance at the prisoner to determine his state of health. He sent most of the prisoners to gas chambers. And only a few prisoners managed to delay death. It was hard with those whom Mengele saw as “guinea pigs.”

Most likely, this person suffered from an extreme form of mental illness. He even enjoyed the thought that he had a huge amount of human lives. That is why he was always next to the arriving train. Even when this was not required of him. His criminal actions were guided not only by the desire for scientific research, but also a thirst to manage. Just one word from him was enough to send tens or hundreds of people to the gas chambers. Those that were sent to laboratories became material for experiments. But what was the purpose of these experiments?

Invincible faith in the Aryan utopia, explicit psychical deviations- these are the components of Joseph Mengele's personality. All his experiments were aimed at creating a new means that could stop the reproduction of representatives of unwanted peoples. Mengele not only equated himself with God, he placed himself above him.

Joseph Mengele's experiments

The Angel of Death dissected babies and castrated boys and men. He performed the operations without anesthesia. Experiments on women involved high-voltage electric shocks. He conducted these experiments to test endurance. Mengele once sterilized several Polish nuns through x-ray radiation. But the main passion of the “Doctor of Death” was experiments on twins and people with physical defects.

To each his own

On the gates of Auschwitz it was written: Arbeit macht frei, which means “work sets you free.” The words Jedem das Seine were also present here. Translated into Russian - “To each his own.” At the gates of Auschwitz, at the entrance to the camp in which more than a million people died, a saying of the ancient Greek sages appeared. The principle of justice was used by the SS as the motto of the most cruel idea in the entire history of mankind.