3.04 01 87 insulating finishing coatings. SNiP

Complete drainage of water over the entire surface of the roofs should be carried out through external and internal drains without stagnation of water

The adhesion strength to the base and to each other of roofing and waterproofing carpet made from rolled materials over a continuous mastic adhesive layer of emulsion compositions with the base is not less than 0.5 MPa

Measuring, 5 measurements per 120-150 sq.m of coating surface (tapping should not change the nature of the sound); when the glued materials rupture, there should be no peeling of the mastic (the rupture should occur inside the rolled panel), acceptance certificate

The heat resistance and compositions of mastics for gluing rolled and slab materials, as well as the strength and compositions of adhesive layer solutions must correspond to the design. Deviations from the project - 5%.

Technical inspection, acceptance certificate

The location of panels and metal paintings (depending on the slope of the coating), their connection and protection in a regular coating, in places of abutments and interfaces in different planes must correspond to the project

Bubbles, swelling, air pockets, tears, dents, punctures, spongy structure, drips and sagging on the surface of roof coverings and insulation are not allowed

Increased humidity of bases, intermediate elements, coating and the entire structure compared to the standard

No more than 0.5%

Measuring, 5 measurements on an area of ​​50-70 sq.m of the coating surface or on individual areas of a smaller area in places identified by visual inspection, acceptance certificate

When accepting finished insulation and roofing, you must check:

correspondence of the number of reinforcing (additional) layers in mates (adjacents) to the project;

for waterproofing:

the quality of filling joints and holes in structures made of prefabricated elements with sealing materials;

quality of caulking;

correct waterproofing of bolt holes, as well as holes for injection of mortar for finishing structures;

absence of leaks and discontinuities of seam lines in metal waterproofing;

for roofs made of rolled materials, emulsion, mastic compositions:

the bowls of the water inlet funnel of internal drains should not protrude above the surface of the base;

the corners of adjoining structures (screeds and concrete) must be smooth and even, without sharp corners;

for roofs made of piece materials and roof parts made of metal sheets:

absence of visible gaps in the coating when inspecting the roof from the attic;

absence of chips and cracks (in asbestos-cement and sealed flat and corrugated sheets);

in places identified by continuous visual inspection, work log

Permissible thickness of each layer when installing multilayer plasters without polymer additives, mm:

Measuring, at least 5 measurements per 70-100 sq.m of coating surface or in one room of a smaller area in places identified by continuous

spray on stone, brick, concrete surfaces - up to 5

visual inspection, work log

soil from lime, lime-gypsum solutions - up to 7

covering layer of plaster coating - up to 2

Technical, all junctions, work log

The end surfaces of the laid section of monolithic screeds, after removing the beacon or limiting slats, before laying the mixture in the adjacent section of the screed, must be primed (see clause 4.11) or moistened (see clause 4.12), and the working seam should be smoothed so that it is invisible

Visual, at least four times per shift, work log

Smoothing the surface of monolithic screeds should be carried out under coatings on mastics and adhesive layers and under continuous (seamless) polymer coatings before the mixtures set

The same, the entire surface of the screeds, work log

Sealing the joints of prefabricated screeds made of fibreboards should be done along the entire length of the joints with strips of thick paper or adhesive tape 40 - 60 mm wide

Technical, all joints, work log

Laying of additional elements between prefabricated screeds on cement and gypsum binders should be done with a gap of 10-15 mm wide, filled with a mixture similar to the screed material. If the width of the gaps between the prefabricated screed slabs and walls or partitions is less than 0.4 m, the mixture must be laid over a continuous soundproofing layer

Technical, all clearances, work log

SNiP 3.04.01-87

BUILDING REGULATIONS

INSULATING AND FINISHING COATINGS

Date of introduction 1988-07-01

DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (candidate of technical sciences N.N. Zavrazhin - topic leader, V.A. Anzigitov) with the participation of the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the Gosstroy of the USSR (candidate of technical sciences I.P. Kim), TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (candidate of technical sciences D.K. Baulin), NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof. E.D. Belousov, Candidate of Technical Sciences G.S. Agadzhanov), SKTB Glavtunnelmetrostroy of the Ministry of Transport of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences V.V. Krylova .

INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (D.I. Prokofiev).

APPROVED by Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated December 4, 1987 No. 280.

With the entry into force of SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings”, SNiP III-20-74*, SNiP III-21-73*, SNiP III-B.14-72 are no longer valid; GOST 22753-77, GOST 22844-77, GOST 23305-78.

When using a regulatory document, you should take into account the approved changes to building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal "Bulletin of Construction Equipment", "Collection of Amendments to Construction Codes and Rules" of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index "USSR State Standards" of the USSR State Standard.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of work on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of work due to the special operating conditions of buildings and structures.

1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be carried out in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - according to the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.

1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation works can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.

1.4. The installation of each insulation element (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correct execution of the corresponding underlying element and drawing up an inspection report for hidden work.

1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to prescribe methods for performing work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for in these rules.

2. INSULATING COATINGS AND ROOFINGS

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Insulation and roofing work can be carried out from 60 to minus 30 °C in the environment (work using hot mastics - at an ambient temperature of at least minus 20 °C, using water-based compounds without antifreeze additives at least 5 °C).

2.2. In the foundations for roofing and insulation, in accordance with the project, the following work must be performed:

seal the seams between prefabricated slabs;

arrange temperature-shrinkable seams;

install embedded elements;

plaster sections of vertical surfaces of stone structures to the height of the junction of the rolled or emulsion-mastic roofing carpet and insulation.

2.3. Insulating compounds and materials must be applied in continuous and uniform layers or in one layer without gaps or sagging. Each layer must be laid on the hardened surface of the previous one, leveling the applied compounds, with the exception of paint ones. When preparing and preparing insulating compositions, the requirements of Table. 1.

Table 1

PREPARATION OF BASES AND UNDERLYING INSULATION ELEMENTS

2.4. Dust removal of substrates must be carried out before applying primers and insulating compounds, including adhesive adhesives and mastics.

2.5. Leveling screeds (from cement-sand, gypsum, gypsum-sand mortars and asphalt concrete mixtures) should be arranged with grips 2-3 m wide along guides with leveling and compacting the surface.

2.6. The surface priming before applying adhesive and insulating compounds must be continuous without gaps or breaks. Priming of screeds made from cement-sand mortars should be done no later than 4 hours after their installation, using primers based on slowly evaporating solvents (with the exception of screeds with a surface slope of more than 5%, when priming should be done after they have hardened). When preparing the base surface, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 2.

The primer must have strong adhesion to the base, and there should be no traces of binder left on the tampon attached to it.

table 2

2.7. The humidity of the base before applying the primer should not exceed the values ​​​​indicated in the table. 3. Only water-based primers or insulating compounds may be applied to wet substrates if the moisture appearing on the surface of the substrate does not violate the integrity of the coating film.

2.8. Metal surfaces of pipelines, equipment and fasteners to be insulated must be cleaned of rust, and those subject to anti-corrosion protection must be treated in accordance with the design.

2.9. Insulation of installed equipment and pipelines should be carried out after they are permanently secured in the designed position. Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines in places that are difficult to reach for insulation must be carried out completely before installation, including the installation of cover shells.

Insulation of pipelines located in non-passing channels and trays must be performed before they are installed in the channels.

2.10. Equipment and pipelines filled with substances must be cleared of them before insulation work begins.

2.11. When working in sub-zero temperatures, rolled insulating materials must be heated to a temperature of at least 15 °C within 20 hours, rewound and delivered to the installation site in an insulated container.

2.12. When insulating roofs from large-sized complex panels with a factory-applied roofing carpet, sealing the joints of the roof panels and gluing them must be done after checking the insulation of the mounted panels.

INSULATION AND ROOFING FROM ROLL MATERIALS

2.13. Roofing and waterproofing carpets made of rolled materials with a mastic layer pre-fused at the factory must be glued onto a pre-primed base by melting or liquefying (plasticizing) the mastic layer of the material without the use of adhesive mastics. The adhesive strength must be at least 0.5 MPa.

Liquefaction of the mastic layer must be carried out at an air temperature of at least 5 ° C with the simultaneous laying of the rolled carpet or before its laying (depending on the ambient temperature).

Melting of the mastic layer should be carried out simultaneously with the laying out of the panels (temperature of the molten mastic is 140-160 ° C). Each laid roof layer must be rolled with a roller before installing the next one.

2.14. Before sticking, roll materials must be marked at the place of installation; The layout of the panels of rolled materials must ensure that their overlap values ​​are observed when gluing.

In accordance with the design, the mastic must be applied in a uniform continuous layer, without gaps or in a stripe layer. When spot gluing panels to the base, mastic should be applied after rolling out the panels at the locations of the holes.

2.15. When installing roll insulation or roofing using adhesives, hot mastics should be applied to the primed base immediately before gluing the panels. Cold mastics (glues) should be applied to the base or panel in advance. Between applying the adhesive compositions and gluing the panels, it is necessary to observe technological breaks to ensure strong adhesion of the adhesive compositions to the base.

Each layer should be laid after the mastics have hardened and achieved strong adhesion to the base of the previous layer.

2.16. When installing roofs, sheets of rolled materials should be glued:

in the direction from low areas to high ones with the panels located along the length perpendicular to the water flow with roof slopes of up to 15%;

in the direction of drainage - with roof slopes of more than 15%.

Cross-sticking of insulation panels and roofing is not allowed. The type of roll carpet sticker (solid, striped or dotted) must correspond to the project.

2.17. When gluing, the insulation and roof panels must be overlapped by 100 mm (70 mm across the width of the panels of the lower layers of the roof of roofs with a slope of more than 1.5%).

2.18. When installing insulation or roofing, fiberglass fabric must be spread, laid without creating waves, immediately after applying hot mastic and covered with mastic with a thickness of at least 2 mm.

Subsequent layers should be laid similarly after the mastic of the lower layer has cooled.

2.19. Temperature-shrinkage seams in screeds and joints between coating slabs must be covered with strips of rolled material up to 150 mm wide and glued to one side of the seam (joint).

2.20. In places adjacent to protruding roof surfaces (parapets, pipelines, etc.), the roofing carpet must be raised to the top of the screed side, glued with mastic and putty on the upper horizontal seams. Gluing additional layers of roofing should be done after installing the top layer of the roof, immediately after applying the adhesive mastic in a continuous layer.

2.21. When gluing panels of roofing carpet along the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of the lower layer must overlap the opposite slope by at least 1000 mm. The mastic should be applied directly under the rolled roll in three strips 80-100 mm wide. Subsequent layers must be glued on a continuous layer of mastic.

When gluing panels across the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of each layer laid on the ridge should overlap the opposite roof slope by 250 mm and be glued to a continuous layer of mastic.

2.22. When installing a protective gravel coating on the roofing carpet, it is necessary to apply hot mastic in a continuous layer 2 - 3 mm thick and 2 m wide, immediately scattering over it a continuous layer of gravel, cleared of dust, 5-10 mm thick. The number of layers and total thickness of the protective coating must correspond to the design.

2.23. When installing roll insulation and roofing, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 3.

Table 3

INSULATION AND ROOFING DEVICE FROM POLYMER AND EMULSION-BITUMEN COMPOSITIONS

2.24. When installing insulation and roofs made from emulsion-mastic compositions, each layer of the insulating carpet must be applied continuously, without breaks, of uniform thickness after the primer or bottom layer has hardened.

2.25. When installing insulation and roofing from polymer compositions such as "Krovlelit" and "Venta", they must be applied with high-pressure units that ensure density, uniform thickness of the coating and adhesion strength of the coating to the base of at least 0.5 MPa. When using cold asphalt emulsion mastics, the supply and application of the compositions should be carried out by units with screw pumps (mechanical action), ensuring the adhesion strength of the coating to the base of at least 0.4 MPa.

2.26. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions reinforced with fiberglass fibers, their application should be carried out with units that ensure the production of fibers of the same length, uniform distribution in the composition and density of the insulating coating.

2.27. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer and emulsion-mastic compositions, the requirements of Table 1 must be met. 3. Roof junctions should be arranged similarly to the installation of roll roofs.

INSULATION DEVICE FROM CEMENT SOLUTIONS, HOT ASPHALT MIXTURES, BITUMEN-PERLITE AND BITUMEN-CERAMZITE

2.28. Bitumen perlite, bitumen expanded clay, cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures with a surface slope of up to 25% must be laid along lighthouse slats in strips 2-6 m wide in layers of uniform thickness (no more than 75 mm) with compaction and smoothing of the layer surface.

Each layer must be laid after the previous one has hardened.

2.29. When installing cement waterproofing from mortars using waterproof expanding cements (WRC), waterproof non-shrinking cements (WBC) or Portland cement with compacting additives, the compositions should be applied to the base surface wetted with water.

Each subsequent layer must be applied no later than 30 minutes (when using VRC and VBC compositions) or no more than 24 hours (when using Portland cement compositions with sealing additives) after hardening of the previous layer.

Cement waterproofing must be protected from mechanical influences for two days after application (1 hour when using VBC and VRC).

2.30 Moistening of cement waterproofing during hardening should be carried out with a sprayed stream of water without pressure when using the following compositions:

VRC and VBC - 1 hour after application and every 3 hours during the day;

on Portland cement with sealing additives - 8-12 hours after application, and then 2-3 times a day for 14 days.

2.31. When installing insulation from bitumen perlite, bitumen expanded clay, waterproofing from cement mortars and hot asphalt mixtures, mastics and bitumens, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table 4.

Table 4

PRODUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION WORKS USING SOFT, HARD AND SEMI-HARD FIBER PRODUCTS AND CONSTRUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION COVERS FROM HARD MATERIALS

2.32. When constructing cover shells from flat or corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, their installation and fastening must comply with the design.

When constructing thermal insulation cover shells made of rigid and flexible (non-metallic) materials, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the shells to the thermal insulation with reliable fastening using fasteners and thorough sealing of the joints of flexible shells with their gluing in accordance with the design.

On pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm, fiberglass should be laid spirally, on pipelines with a diameter of more than 200 mm - in separate panels in accordance with the requirements of the project.

2.33. Installation of thermal insulation structures and cover shells must begin from unloading devices, flange connections, curved sections (bends) and fittings (tees, crosses) and be carried out in the direction opposite to the slope, and on vertical surfaces - from bottom to top.

2.34. When installing thermal insulation from rigid products laid dry, a gap of no more than 2 mm must be provided between the products and the insulated surface.

When gluing hard products, the temperature of the mastics must meet the requirements of Table. 3.

Fastening of products to the base must correspond to the project.

2.35. When installing thermal insulation of pipelines using soft and semi-rigid fibrous products, it is necessary to ensure:

compaction of thermal insulation materials according to the project with a compaction coefficient for soft fibrous products of no more than 1.5, for semi-rigid ones - 1.2;

tight fit of products to the insulated surface and to each other;

when insulating in several layers - overlap longitudinal and transverse seams;

dense spiral laying of insulation with cords and bundles with minimal deviation relative to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline, and winding in multilayer structures of each subsequent layer in the direction opposite to the turns of the previous layer;

installation of fasteners on horizontal pipelines and devices to prevent sagging of thermal insulation.

THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE FROM PLATES AND BULK MATERIALS

2.36. When installing thermal insulation from slabs, insulation materials must be laid on the base tightly to each other and have the same thickness in each layer.

When installing thermal insulation in several layers, the seams of the slabs must be spaced apart.

2.37. Thermal insulation bulk materials must be sorted into fractions before installation. Thermal insulation must be installed along lighthouse slats in strips 3-4 m wide with loose insulation of smaller fractions laid in the lower layer.

Layers should be laid with a thickness of no more than 60 mm and compacted after laying.

2.38. When installing thermal insulation from slabs and bulk materials, the requirements of Table. 5 and 6.

Table 5

Table 6

CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS FROM PIECES MATERIALS

2.39. When installing wooden foundations (lathing) under roofs made of piece materials, the following requirements must be observed:

the joints of the sheathing should be spaced apart;

the distances between the sheathing elements must correspond to the design ones;

in places where eaves overhangs, valleys and valleys are covered, as well as under roofs made of small-piece elements, the foundations must be made of boards (solid).

2.40. Piece roofing materials should be laid on the sheathing in rows from the eaves to the ridge according to preliminary markings. Each overlying row must overlap the underlying one.

2.41. Corrugated asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary profile and medium-wavy must be laid offset by one wave in relation to the sheets of the previous row or without offset. Sheets of reinforced and unified profiles must be laid in relation to the sheets of the previous row without displacement.

When laying sheets without displacement on a wave at the junction of four sheets, the corners of the two middle sheets should be trimmed with a gap between the joining corners of the VO sheets of 3-4 mm and the SV, UV and VU sheets of 8-10 mm.

2.42. Asbestos-cement sheets VO and SV should be fastened to the sheathing with slate nails with a galvanized head, HC and VU sheets with screws with special grips, flat sheets - with two nails and an anti-wind button, outer sheets and ridge parts - in addition with two anti-wind brackets.

2.43. When installing roofs made of piece materials, the requirements of Table. 4.

INSULATION AND ROOF DETAILS FROM METAL SHEETS

2.44. Metal waterproofing must be installed by welding sheets in accordance with the project. After welding, the filling of the cavities behind the insulation should be injected with a composition under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa.

2.45. When installing metal roofs, parts and junctions from metal sheets of any type of roof, the connection of paintings located along the water drainage must be carried out using lying seams, except for ribs, slopes and ridges, where the paintings must be connected with standing seams. For roof slopes of less than 30°, the rebated seam should be made double and coated with red lead putty. The amount of folding of the paintings for the installation of recumbent folds should be taken as 15 mm; standing seams -20 mm for one and 35 mm for another adjacent picture.

The paintings must be secured to the base with clamps passed between the folds of the sheets and T-shaped crutches.

REQUIREMENTS FOR READY INSULATION (ROOF) COATINGS AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

2.46. The requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coverings and structures are given in Table. 7.

Table 7

3. FINISHING WORKS AND PROTECTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FROM CORROSION (ANTI-CORROSION WORK)

GENERAL PROVISIONS

3.1. Finishing work, with the exception of finishing facades, must be carried out at a positive ambient temperature and the surfaces being finished are not lower than 10 ° C and air humidity is not more than 60%. This temperature in the room must be maintained around the clock, no less than 2 days before the start and 12 days after the completion of work, and for wallpaper work - before the facility is put into operation.

3.2. Work on applying protective coatings should be carried out at a temperature of the ambient air and protected surfaces not lower than, °C:

10 - for paint and varnish protective coatings made from compositions prepared on the basis of natural resins; mastic and putty coatings made of silicate compounds; adhesive protective coatings using bitumen roll materials, polyisobutylene plates, Butylkor-S plates, duplicated polyethylene; rubber coatings; facing and lining coatings using acid-resistant silicate putties and mastics such as "Bituminol"; for acid-resistant concrete and silicate polymer concrete;

15 - for paint and varnish reinforced and non-reinforced continuous coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of synthetic resins; mastic coatings and sealants made from compounds based on synthetic rubbers and nairite; coatings made of sheet polymer materials; facing and lining coatings using putties such as "Arzamit", "Furankor", as well as polyester, epoxy resins and resins with epoxy additives; for coatings made of polymer concrete and polymer cement coatings;

25 - for coatings made from Polan.

3.3. Finishing work must be carried out in accordance with the work project (WPP) for the construction of buildings and structures. Before finishing work begins, the following work must be completed:

the premises being finished are protected from precipitation;

waterproofing, heat and sound insulation and leveling floor screeds were installed;

the seams between the blocks and panels are sealed;

the joints of window, door and balcony blocks are sealed and insulated;

glazed light openings;

embedded products were installed, heat and water supply and heating systems were tested.

Plastering and cladding (according to the project) of surfaces in places where embedded products of sanitary systems are installed must be performed before the start of their installation.

3.4. Before finishing the facades, the following work must additionally be completed:

external waterproofing and roofing with details and connections;

installation of all floor structures on balconies;

installation and fastening of all metal paintings edging architectural details on the facade of the building;

installation of all fastening devices for drainpipes (according to the project).

3.5. Anti-corrosion work should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85 “Protection of building structures and structures from corrosion”.

3.6. When preparing and preparing finishing and anti-corrosion compounds, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 8.

Table 8

BUILDING REGULATIONS

INSULATING AND FINISHING COATINGS

SNiP 3.04.01-87

STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE OF THE USSR

Moscow 1988

DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR (candidates of technical sciences) N.N. Zavrazhin- topic leader, V. A. Anzigitov) with the participation of the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the USSR State Construction Committee (candidate of technical sciences) I. P. Kim), TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (candidate of technical sciences) D. K. Baulin), NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof. E. D. Belousov, Ph.D. tech. sciences G. S. Agadzhanov), SKTB Glavtonnelmetrostroy Ministry of Transport Construction of the USSR (candidates of technical sciences V. V. Krylova, V. G. Golubova), Office of the Soyuzmetrospetsstroy Ministry of Transport and Construction of the USSR ( A. P. Levina, P. F. Litvina), Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof. F. M. Ivanova).

INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee ( D. I. Prokofiev).

With the entry into force of SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings”, SNiP III-20-74*, SNiP III-21-73*, SNiP III-B.14-72 are no longer valid; GOST 22753-77, GOST 22844-77, GOST 23305-78.

When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes to building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal “Bulletin of Construction Equipment”, “Collection of Amendments to Construction Codes and Rules” of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index “USSR State Standards” of the USSR State Standard.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of work on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of work due to the special operating conditions of buildings and structures.

1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be carried out in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - according to the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.

1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation works can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.

1.4. The installation of each insulation element (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correct execution of the corresponding underlying element and drawing up an inspection report for hidden work.

1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to prescribe methods for performing work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for in these rules.

2. INSULATING COATINGS AND ROOFINGS

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Insulation and roofing work can be carried out from 60 to minus 30 °C in the environment (work using hot mastics - at an ambient temperature of at least minus 20 °C, using water-based compounds without antifreeze additives at least 5 °C).

2.2. In the foundations for roofing and insulation, in accordance with the project, the following work must be performed:

seal the seams between prefabricated slabs;

arrange temperature-shrinkable seams;

install embedded elements;

plaster sections of vertical surfaces of stone structures to the height of the junction of the rolled or emulsion-mastic roofing carpet and insulation.

2.3. Insulating compounds and materials must be applied in continuous and uniform layers or in one layer without gaps or sagging. Each layer must be laid on the hardened surface of the previous one, leveling the applied compounds, with the exception of paint ones. When preparing and preparing insulating compositions, the requirements of Table. 1.

Table 1

PREPARATION OF BASES AND UNDERLYING INSULATION ELEMENTS

2.4. Dust removal of substrates must be carried out before applying primers and insulating compounds, including adhesive adhesives and mastics.

2.5. Leveling screeds (from cement-sand, gypsum, gypsum-sand mortars and asphalt concrete mixtures) should be arranged with grips 2-3 m wide along guides with leveling and compacting the surface.

2.6. The surface priming before applying adhesive and insulating compounds must be continuous without gaps or breaks. Priming of screeds made from cement-sand mortars should be done no later than 4 hours after their installation, using primers based on slowly evaporating solvents (with the exception of screeds with a surface slope of more than 5%, when priming should be done after they have hardened). When preparing the base surface, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 2.

The primer must have strong adhesion to the base, and there should be no traces of binder left on the tampon attached to it.

table 2

2.7. The humidity of the base before applying the primer should not exceed the values ​​​​indicated in the table. 3. Only water-based primers or insulating compounds may be applied to wet substrates if the moisture appearing on the surface of the substrate does not violate the integrity of the coating film.

2.8. Metal surfaces of pipelines, equipment and fasteners to be insulated must be cleaned of rust, and those subject to anti-corrosion protection must be treated in accordance with the design.

2.9. Insulation of installed equipment and pipelines should be carried out after they are permanently secured in the designed position. Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines in places that are difficult to reach for insulation must be carried out completely before installation, including the installation of cover shells.

Insulation of pipelines located in non-passing channels and trays must be performed before they are installed in the channels.

2.10. Equipment and pipelines filled with substances must be cleared of them before insulation work begins.

2.11. When working in sub-zero temperatures, rolled insulating materials must be heated to a temperature of at least 15 °C within 20 hours, rewound and delivered to the installation site in an insulated container.

2.12. When insulating roofs from large-sized complex panels with a factory-applied roofing carpet, sealing the joints of the roof panels and gluing them must be done after checking the insulation of the mounted panels.

INSULATION AND ROOFING FROM ROLL MATERIALS

2.13. Roofing and waterproofing carpets made of rolled materials with a mastic layer pre-fused at the factory must be glued onto a pre-primed base by melting or liquefying (plasticizing) the mastic layer of the material without the use of adhesive mastics. The adhesive strength must be at least 0.5 MPa.

Liquefaction of the mastic layer must be carried out at an air temperature of at least 5 ° C with the simultaneous laying of the rolled carpet or before its laying (depending on the ambient temperature).

Melting of the mastic layer should be carried out simultaneously with the laying out of the panels (temperature of the molten mastic is 140-160 ° C). Each laid roof layer must be rolled with a roller before installing the next one.

2.14. Before sticking, roll materials must be marked at the place of installation; The layout of the panels of rolled materials must ensure that their overlap values ​​are observed when gluing.

In accordance with the design, the mastic must be applied in a uniform continuous layer, without gaps or in stripes. When spot gluing panels to the base, mastic should be applied after rolling out the panels at the locations of the holes.

2.15. When installing roll insulation or roofing using adhesives, hot mastics should be applied to the primed base immediately before gluing the panels. Cold mastics (glues) should be applied to the base or panel in advance. Between applying the adhesive compositions and gluing the panels, it is necessary to observe technological breaks to ensure strong adhesion of the adhesive compositions to the base.

Each layer should be laid after the mastics have hardened and achieved strong adhesion to the base of the previous layer.

2.16. When installing roofs, sheets of rolled materials should be glued:

in the direction from low areas to high ones with the panels located along the length perpendicular to the water flow with roof slopes of up to 15%;

in the direction of drainage - with roof slopes of more than 15%.

Cross-sticking of insulation panels and roofing is not allowed. The type of roll carpet sticker (solid, striped or dotted) must correspond to the project.

2.17. When gluing, the insulation and roof panels must be overlapped by 100 mm (70 mm across the width of the panels of the lower layers of the roof of roofs with a slope of more than 1.5%).

2.18. When installing insulation or roofing, fiberglass fabric must be spread, laid without creating waves, immediately after applying hot mastic and covered with mastic with a thickness of at least 2 mm.

Subsequent layers should be laid similarly after the mastic of the lower layer has cooled.

2.19. Temperature-shrinkage seams in screeds and joints between coating slabs must be covered with strips of rolled material up to 150 mm wide and glued to one side of the seam (joint).

2.20. In places adjacent to protruding roof surfaces (parapets, pipelines, etc.), the roofing carpet must be raised to the top of the screed side, glued with mastic and putty on the upper horizontal seams. Gluing additional layers of roofing should be done after installing the top layer of the roof, immediately after applying the adhesive mastic in a continuous layer.

2.21. When gluing panels of roofing carpet along the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of the lower layer must overlap the opposite slope by at least 1000 mm. The mastic should be applied directly under the rolled roll in three strips 80-100 mm wide. Subsequent layers must be glued on a continuous layer of mastic.

When gluing panels across the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of each layer laid on the ridge should overlap the opposite roof slope by 250 mm and be glued to a continuous layer of mastic.

2.22. When installing a protective gravel coating on the roofing carpet, it is necessary to apply hot mastic in a continuous layer 2 - 3 mm thick and 2 m wide, immediately scattering over it a continuous layer of gravel, cleared of dust, 5-10 mm thick. The number of layers and total thickness of the protective coating must correspond to the design.

2.23. When installing roll insulation and roofing, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 3.

Table 3

INSULATION AND ROOFING DEVICE FROM POLYMER AND EMULSION-BITUMEN COMPOSITIONS

2.24. When installing insulation and roofs made from emulsion-mastic compositions, each layer of the insulating carpet must be applied continuously, without breaks, of uniform thickness after the primer or bottom layer has hardened.

2.25. When installing insulation and roofing from polymer compositions such as “Krovlelit” and “Venta”, they must be applied with high-pressure units that ensure density, uniform thickness of the coating and adhesion strength of the coating to the base of at least 0.5 MPa. When using cold asphalt emulsion mastics, the supply and application of the compositions should be carried out by units with screw pumps (mechanical action), ensuring the adhesion strength of the coating to the base of at least 0.4 MPa.

2.26. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions reinforced with fiberglass fibers, their application should be carried out with units that ensure the production of fibers of the same length, uniform distribution in the composition and density of the insulating coating.

2.27. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer and emulsion-mastic compositions, the requirements of Table 1 must be met. 3. Roof junctions should be arranged similarly to the installation of roll roofs.

INSULATION DEVICE FROM CEMENT SOLUTIONS, HOT ASPHALT MIXTURES, BITUMEN-PERLITE AND BITUMEN-CERAMZITE

2.28. Bitumen perlite, bitumen expanded clay, cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures with a surface slope of up to 25% must be laid along lighthouse slats in strips 2-6 m wide in layers of uniform thickness (no more than 75 mm) with compaction and smoothing of the layer surface.

Each layer must be laid after the previous one has hardened.

2.29. When installing cement waterproofing from mortars using waterproof expanding cements (WRC), waterproof non-shrinking cements (WBC) or Portland cement with compacting additives, the compositions should be applied to the base surface wetted with water.

Each subsequent layer must be applied no later than 30 minutes (when using VRC and VBC compositions) or no more than 24 hours (when using Portland cement compositions with sealing additives) after hardening of the previous layer.

Cement waterproofing must be protected from mechanical influences for two days after application (1 hour when using VBC and VRC).

2.30 Moistening of cement waterproofing during hardening should be carried out with a sprayed stream of water without pressure when using the following compositions:

VRC and VBC - 1 hour after application and every 3 hours during the day;

on Portland cement with sealing additives - 8-12 hours after application, and then 2-3 times a day for 14 days.

2.31. When installing insulation from bitumen perlite, bitumen expanded clay, waterproofing from cement mortars and hot asphalt mixtures, mastics and bitumens, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 4.

Table 4

PRODUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION WORKS USING SOFT, HARD AND SEMI-HARD FIBER PRODUCTS AND CONSTRUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION COVERS FROM HARD MATERIALS

2.32. When constructing cover shells from flat or corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, their installation and fastening must comply with the design.

When constructing thermal insulation cover shells made of rigid and flexible (non-metallic) materials, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the shells to the thermal insulation with reliable fastening using fasteners and thorough sealing of the joints of flexible shells with their gluing in accordance with the design.

On pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm, fiberglass should be laid spirally, on pipelines with a diameter of more than 200 mm - in separate panels in accordance with the requirements of the project.

2.33. Installation of thermal insulation structures and cover shells must begin from unloading devices, flange connections, curved sections (bends) and fittings (tees, crosses) and be carried out in the direction opposite to the slope, and on vertical surfaces - from bottom to top.

2.34. When installing thermal insulation from rigid products laid dry, a gap of no more than 2 mm must be provided between the products and the insulated surface.

When gluing hard products, the temperature of the mastics must meet the requirements of Table. 3. Fastening of products to the base must correspond to the project.

2.35. When installing thermal insulation of pipelines using soft and semi-rigid fibrous products, it is necessary to ensure:

compaction of thermal insulation materials according to the project with a compaction coefficient for soft fibrous products of no more than 1.5, for semi-rigid ones - 1.2;

tight fit of products to the insulated surface and to each other; when insulating in several layers - overlap longitudinal and transverse seams;

dense spiral laying of insulation with cords and bundles with minimal deviation relative to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline, and winding in multilayer structures of each subsequent layer in the direction opposite to the turns of the previous layer;

installation of fasteners on horizontal pipelines and devices to prevent sagging of thermal insulation.

THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE FROM PLATES AND BULK MATERIALS

2.36. When installing thermal insulation from slabs, insulation materials must be laid on the base tightly to each other and have the same thickness in each layer.

When installing thermal insulation in several layers, the seams of the slabs must be spaced apart.

2.37. Thermal insulation bulk materials must be sorted into fractions before installation. Thermal insulation must be installed along lighthouse slats in strips 3-4 m wide with loose insulation of smaller fractions laid in the lower layer.

Layers should be laid with a thickness of no more than 60 mm and compacted after laying.

2.38. When installing thermal insulation from slabs and bulk materials, the requirements of Table. 5 and 6.

Table 5

Table 6

CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS FROM PIECES MATERIALS

2.39. When installing wooden foundations (lathing) under roofs made of piece materials, the following requirements must be observed:

the joints of the sheathing should be spaced apart;

the distances between the sheathing elements must correspond to the design ones;

in places where eaves overhangs, valleys and valleys are covered, as well as under roofs made of small-piece elements, the foundations must be made of boards (solid).

2.40. Piece roofing materials should be laid on the sheathing in rows from the eaves to the ridge according to preliminary markings. Each overlying row must overlap the underlying one.

2.41. Corrugated asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary profile and medium-wavy must be laid offset by one wave in relation to the sheets of the previous row or without offset. Sheets of reinforced and unified profiles must be laid in relation to the sheets of the previous row without displacement.

When laying sheets without displacement on a wave at the junction of four sheets, the corners of the two middle sheets should be trimmed with a gap between the joining corners of the VO sheets of 3-4 mm and the SV, UV and VU sheets - 8-10 mm.

2.42. Asbestos-cement sheets VO and SV should be fastened to the sheathing with slate nails with a galvanized head, sheets UV and VU - with screws with special grips, flat sheets - with two nails and an anti-wind button, outer sheets and ridge parts - in addition with two anti-wind brackets.

2.43. When installing roofs made of piece materials, the requirements of Table. 4.

INSULATION AND ROOF DETAILS FROM METAL SHEETS

2.44. Metal waterproofing must be installed by welding sheets in accordance with the project. After welding, the filling of the cavities behind the insulation should be injected with a composition under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa.

2.45. When installing metal roofs, parts and junctions from metal sheets of any type of roof, the connection of paintings located along the water drainage must be carried out using lying seams, except for ribs, slopes and ridges, where the paintings must be connected with standing seams. For roof slopes of less than 30°, the rebated seam should be made double and coated with red lead putty. The amount of folding of the paintings for the installation of recumbent folds should be taken as 15 mm; standing seams - 20 mm for one and 35 mm for another adjacent picture. The paintings must be secured to the base with clamps passed between the folds of the sheets and T-shaped crutches.

REQUIREMENTS FOR READY INSULATION (ROOF) COATINGS AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

2.46. The requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coverings and structures are given in Table. 7.

Table 7

3. FINISHING WORKS AND PROTECTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FROM CORROSION (ANTI-CORROSION WORK)

GENERAL PROVISIONS

3.1. Finishing work, with the exception of finishing facades, must be carried out at a positive ambient temperature and the surfaces being finished are not lower than 10 ° C and air humidity is not more than 60%. This temperature in the room must be maintained around the clock, no less than 2 days before the start and 12 days after the completion of work, and for wallpaper work - before the facility is put into operation.

3.2. Work on applying protective coatings should be carried out at a temperature of the ambient air and protected surfaces not lower than, °C:

10 - for paint and varnish protective coatings made from compositions prepared on the basis of natural resins; mastic and putty coatings made of silicate compounds; adhesive protective coatings using bitumen roll materials, polyisobutylene plates, Butylkor-S plates, duplicated polyethylene; rubber coatings; facing and lining coatings using acid-resistant silicate putties and mastics such as “Bituminol”; for acid-resistant concrete and silicate polymer concrete;

15 - for paint and varnish reinforced and non-reinforced continuous coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of synthetic resins; mastic coatings and sealants made from compounds based on synthetic rubbers and nairite; coatings made of sheet polymer materials; facing and lining coatings using putties such as “Arzamit”, “Furankor”, as well as polyester, epoxy resins and resins with epoxy additives; for coatings made of polymer concrete and polymer cement coatings;

25 - for coatings made from Polan.

3.3. Finishing work must be carried out in accordance with the work project (WPP) for the construction of buildings and structures. Before finishing work begins, the following work must be completed:

the premises being finished are protected from precipitation;

waterproofing, heat and sound insulation and leveling floor ties were installed;

the seams between the blocks and panels are sealed;

the joints of window, door and balcony blocks are sealed and insulated;

glazed light openings;

embedded products were installed, heat and water supply and heating systems were tested.

Plastering and cladding (according to the project) of surfaces in places where embedded products of sanitary systems are installed must be performed before the start of their installation.

3.4. Before finishing the facades, the following work must additionally be completed:

external waterproofing and roofing with details and connections; installation of all floor structures on balconies;

installation and fastening of all metal paintings edging architectural details on the facade of the building;

installation of all fastening devices for drainpipes (according to the project).

3.5. Anti-corrosion work should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85 “Protection of building structures and structures from corrosion”.

3.6. When preparing and preparing finishing and anti-corrosion compounds, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 8.

Table 8

SURFACE PREPARATION

3.7. Finishing and protective coatings on substrates that have rust, efflorescence, grease and bitumen stains are not permitted. Wallpaper production is also not allowed on surfaces that have not been whitewashed.

3.8. Dust removal of surfaces should be carried out before applying each layer of priming, gluing, plastering, painting and protective compounds, coatings and glass putties.

3.9. The strength of the bases must be no less than the strength of the finishing coating and correspond to the design.

3.10. Protruding architectural details, places where they meet wooden stone, brick and concrete structures must be plastered over a metal mesh or woven wire attached to the surface of the base; wooden surfaces - on shingle panels.

3.11. The internal surfaces of stone and brick walls constructed using the freezing method should be plastered after thawing of the masonry from the inside to at least half the thickness of the wall.

3.12. When painting and wallpapering, the quality of the prepared substrates must meet the following requirements:

surfaces when painted with oil, adhesive, water-based compositions and wallpapering should be smooth, without roughness;

surface cracks are opened, primed, filled with putty to a depth of at least 2 mm and sanded;

shells and irregularities are primed, puttied and smoothed;

peelings, mortar drips, traces of processing by trowelling machines have been removed;

the seams between sheets of dry gypsum plaster and the areas adjacent to them are primed, puttied, sanded flush with the surface or rusticated (in accordance with the project), and when wallpapering, they are additionally covered with strips of paper, gauze, etc.;

When the surfaces were covered with wallpaper, the ceilings were painted and other painting work was completed.

Substrates prepared for painting, pasting with synthetic wallpaper on paper and fabric basis, as well as with a factory-applied adhesive composition must meet the requirements of Table. 9. The surfaces of all fastening devices located under cardboard, paper or directly under wallpaper must be pre-coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Table 9

3.13. When covering surfaces, the quality of the prepared bases must meet the following requirements:

walls must have a load of at least 65% of the design load for internal and 80% for external cladding of their surface, with the exception of walls whose cladding is carried out simultaneously with masonry;

concrete surfaces and surfaces of brick and stone walls laid with completely filled joints must have a notch;

the surfaces of walls laid out in hollow areas must be prepared without notching them and filling the joints with mortar;

Before covering, any surfaces must be cleaned, rinsed and moistened to a matte shine before applying an adhesive layer of solution and other aqueous compounds;

Before tiling in the premises, the ceilings and the plane of the walls above the surface to be tiled should be painted. Before covering the walls with sheets and panels with a front finish, also arrange hidden wiring.

3.14. When preparing facing and other types of surfaces during finishing work, the requirements of Table 1 must be met. 9.

PRODUCTION OF PLASTERING AND STUCKING WORKS

3.15. When plastering brick walls at an ambient temperature of 23 °C and above, the surface must be moistened before applying the solution.

3.16. Improved and high-quality plaster should be performed along beacons, the thickness of which should be equal to the thickness of the plaster coating without a covering layer.

3.17. When installing single-layer coatings, their surface should be leveled immediately after applying the solution; in the case of using trowels, after it has set.

3.18. When installing a multi-layer plaster coating, each layer must be applied after the previous one has set (the covering layer - after the mortar has set). Leveling the soil should be done before the mortar begins to set.

3.19. Sheets of gypsum plaster must be glued to the surface of brick walls with compositions corresponding to the design, placed in the form of marks, measuring 80´80 mm over an area of ​​at least 10% along the ceiling, floor, corners of the vertical plane every 120-150 mm, in the spaces between them at a distance no more than 400 mm, along vertical edges - in a continuous strip. Sheets should be fastened to wooden bases with nails with wide heads.

3.20. Installation of gypsum moldings should be done after the base of plaster mortars has set and dried. Architectural details on the facade must be secured to the reinforcement embedded in the wall structure, which is previously protected from corrosion.

3.21. When performing plastering work, the requirements of Table. 10.

Table 10

PRODUCTION OF PAINTING WORKS

3.22. Painting work on facades should be carried out by protecting the applied compositions (until they are completely dry) from direct exposure to sunlight.

3.23. When performing painting work, continuous filling of the surface should be performed only with high-quality painting, and with improved paint - on metal and wood.

3.24. Putty made from low-shrinkage compounds with polymer additives must be leveled immediately after application with grinding of individual areas; When applying other types of putty compounds, the surface of the putty should be sanded after it has dried.

3.25. Surfaces must be primed before painting with painting compounds, except organosilicon. The primer must be applied in a continuous, uniform layer, without gaps or breaks. The dried primer should have strong adhesion to the base, not peel off when stretched, and no traces of binder should remain on the tampon attached to it. Painting should be done after the primer has dried.

3.26. Painting compounds must also be applied in a continuous layer. The application of each paint composition should begin after the previous one has completely dried. Flatting or trimming of the paint composition should be done using freshly applied paint composition.

33.7. When painting plank floors, each layer, with the exception of the last, must be sanded until the gloss is removed.

3.28. When performing painting work, the requirements of Table. eleven.

Table 11

PRODUCTION OF DECORATIVE FINISHING WORKS

3.29. When decorative finishing with compositions with fillers, the surface of the base must be unsmoothed; Puttying and grinding of rough surfaces is not allowed.

3.30. When finishing surfaces with decorative pastes and terrazite compositions, each layer of multilayer decorative coatings must be performed after the previous one has hardened, without grinding the front surface.

3.31. When installing finishing coatings from decorative pastes on plaster instead of a covering layer, the work should be carried out in compliance with the rules for installing a covering layer of plaster coatings.

3.32. Decorative finishing with terrazite compositions must be carried out in a single layer in compliance with the requirements for the installation of single-layer plaster coatings.

3.33. When finishing surfaces with decorative chips, it must be applied over a wet adhesive layer. The applied crumbs must have a strong (at least 0.8 MPa) adhesion to the base and form a continuous, gap-free coating with the crumbs tightly adjacent to each other.

Before applying the water-repellent composition, the surface must be cleaned with compressed air.

3.34. When installing decorative finishing coatings, the requirements of Table. 12.

Table 12

PRODUCTION OF WALLPAPER WORKS

3.35. When priming the surface under wallpaper, the adhesive composition must be applied in a continuous, uniform layer, without gaps or drips, and left until thickening begins. An additional layer of adhesive layer should be applied along the perimeter of window and door openings, along the contour and in the corners of the surface to be finished in a strip 75-80 mm wide at the moment the base layer begins to thicken.

3.36. When gluing bases with paper in separate strips or sheets, the distance between them should be 10-12 mm.

3.37. Gluing panels of paper wallpaper should be done after they have swollen and been impregnated with adhesive.

3.38. Wallpaper with a surface density of up to 100 g/m2 must be glued overlapping, 100-120 g/m2 or more - back to back.

3.39. When joining panels with an overlap, pasting surfaces with wallpaper must be done in the direction from the light openings without making joints of vertical rows of panels at the intersections of planes.

3.40. When gluing surfaces with synthetic wallpaper on a paper or fabric basis, the corners of the walls must be covered with a whole panel. Glue stains on their surface must be removed immediately.

When gluing, the vertical edges of adjacent textvinite panels and fabric-based films should overlap in width the previous panel with an overlap of 3-4 mm. Trimming overlapping edges should be done after the adhesive layer has completely dried, and after removing the edge, additionally apply glue in the places where the edges of adjacent panels are glued.

3.41. When gluing pile wallpaper, the panels should be smoothed in one direction when gluing.

3.42. When covering surfaces with wallpaper, the formation of air bubbles, stains and other contaminants, as well as additional adhesion and peeling, is not allowed.

3.43. When wallpapering, the premises must be protected from drafts and direct exposure to sunlight until the wallpaper is completely dry and a constant humidity regime must be established. The air temperature when drying pasted wallpaper should not exceed 23 °C.

PRODUCTION OF GLASS WORKS

3.44. Glass work must be carried out at positive ambient temperatures. Glazing at negative air temperatures is allowed only if it is impossible to remove the bindings, using putty heated to at least 20 °C.

3.46. When glazing metal and reinforced concrete frames, metal glazing beads must be installed after laying rubber gaskets in the rebate.

3.46. Fastening glass in wooden frames should be done using glazing beads or pins and filling the binding folds with putty. The glass should overlap the binding folds by no more than 3/4 of the width. The putty should be applied in an even, continuous layer, without breaks, until the binding fold is completely sealed.

3.47. Joining glass, as well as installing glass with defects (cracks, chips of more than 10 mm, permanent stains, foreign inclusions) when glazing residential buildings and cultural and community facilities is not allowed.

3.48. Fastening of uviol, frosted, frosted-patterned, reinforced and colored glass, as well as tempered glass in window and door openings should be done in the same way as sheet glass, depending on the binding material.

3.49. Installation of glass blocks on mortar should be carried out with strictly constant horizontal and vertical joints of constant width in accordance with the project.

3.50. Installation of glass panels and assembly of their trims must be carried out in accordance with the project.

PRODUCTION OF FACING WORKS

3.51. Surface cladding must be carried out in accordance with the PPR in accordance with the project. The connection of the cladding field to the base should be carried out:

when using facing slabs and blocks with a size of more than 400 cm 2 and a thickness of more than 10 mm - by fastening to the base and filling the space between the cladding and the wall surface (sinuses) with mortar, or without filling the sinuses with mortar when the cladding is removed from the wall;

when using slabs and blocks measuring 400 cm 2 or less, with a thickness of no more than 10 mm, as well as when facing horizontal and inclined (no more than 45%) surfaces with slabs of any size - on mortar or mastic (in accordance with the project) without additional fastening to basis;

when facing with embedded slabs and facing bricks simultaneously with the laying of walls - on masonry mortar.

3.52. Cladding of walls, columns, pilasters of interiors should be done before installing the floor covering.

3.53. Cladding elements on an adhesive layer of mortar and mastic must be installed in horizontal rows from bottom to top from the corner of the cladding field.

3.54. The mastic and adhesive layer solution should be applied in a uniform, streak-free layer before installing the tiles. Small-sized tiles on mastics or mortars with retarders should be installed after applying the latter over the entire area to be tiled in one plane when the mastics and mortars with retarders thicken.

3.55. Finishing of the site and the entire surface of the interior and facade with cladding products of different colors, textures, textures and sizes should be done with the selection of the entire pattern of the cladding field in accordance with the project.

3.56. When using natural and artificial stone of polished and polished texture, cladding elements must be mated dry, adjusting the edges of adjacent slabs selected according to the design with fastening according to the design. The seams of the slabs must be filled with mastic after the sinuses have been filled with mortar and it has hardened.

3.57. Slabs with a polished, dotted, bumpy and grooved structure, as well as with a “rock” type relief, must be installed on mortar; vertical joints should be filled with mortar to a depth of 15 - 20 mm or sealant after the adhesive layer solution has hardened.

3.58. The seams of the cladding must be smooth and of the same width. When cladding walls built using the freezing method, filling the cladding joints from embedded ceramic slabs must be done after thawing and hardening of the masonry mortar with loads on the walls of at least 80% of the design load.

3.59. Filling the sinuses with a solution must be done after installing permanent or temporary fastening of the lining field. The solution should be poured in horizontal layers, leaving after pouring the last layer of solution a space of 5 cm to the top of the cladding.

The solution poured into the sinuses should be protected from moisture loss during process breaks exceeding 18 hours. Before continuing work, the unfilled part of the sinus must be cleared of dust with compressed air.

3.60. After cladding, the surfaces of slabs and products must be cleaned of mortar and mastic deposits immediately, while: the surfaces of glazed, polished and polished slabs and products are washed with hot water, and polished, dotted, bumpy, grooved and “rock” type surfaces are treated with 10% - with a solution of hydrochloric acid and steam using a sandblaster.

3.61. Surfaces from the cutting of soft rock slabs (limestone, tuff, etc.), as well as the edges of slabs with polished, ground, grooved and dotted surfaces protruding by more than 1.5 mm must be accordingly ground, sub-polished or hewn until clear contour of the edges of the slabs.

3.62. When performing facing work, the requirements of Table. 13.

Table 13

INSTALLATION OF SUSPENDED CEILINGS, PANELS AND PLATES WITH FRONT FINISH IN BUILDING INTERIORS

3.63. The installation of suspended ceilings must be done after installing and fastening all frame elements (in accordance with the project), checking the horizontalness of its plane and compliance with the marks.

3.64. Installation of slabs, wall panels and suspended ceiling elements should be done after marking the surface and start from the corner of the plane being tiled. Horizontal joints of sheets (panels) not provided for in the project are not allowed.

3.65. The plane of the surface, lined with panels and slabs, must be smooth, without sagging at the joints, rigid, without vibration of panels and sheets and peeling from the surface (when gluing).

3.66. When installing suspended ceilings, panels and slabs with front finishing in the interiors of buildings, the requirements of Table 1 must be met. 14.

Table 14

REQUIREMENTS FOR READY FINISH COATINGS

3.67. The requirements for finished finishing coatings are given in table. 15.

Table 15

4. FLOORING CONSTRUCTION

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1. Before starting work on the construction of floors, measures must be carried out in accordance with the project to stabilize, prevent heaving and artificially stabilize soils, lower groundwater, as well as adjacent to expansion joints, channels, pits, drainage chutes, ladders, etc. Elements of edging coating must be completed before installation.

4.2. The soil base under the floors must be compacted in accordance with SNiP 3.02.01-87 “Earth structures, foundations and foundations”.

Vegetable soil, silt, peat, as well as bulk soils mixed with construction waste are not allowed under the soil foundation.

4.3. Installation of floors is allowed at the air temperature in the room, measured in the cold season near door and window openings at a height of 0.5 m from the floor level, and the laid floor elements and laid materials - not lower than, °C:

15 - when installing coatings made of polymer materials; this temperature must be maintained for 24 hours after completion of work;

10 - when installing floor elements from xylolite and from mixtures that include liquid glass; such a temperature must be maintained until the laid material acquires a strength of at least 70% of the design strength;

5 - when installing floor elements using bitumen mastics and their mixtures, which include cement; such a temperature must be maintained until the material acquires a strength of at least 50% of the design strength;

0 - when constructing floor elements from soil, gravel, slag, crushed stone and piece materials without gluing to the underlying layer or sand.

4.4. Before installing floors, the construction of which contains products and materials based on wood or its waste, synthetic resins and fibers, xylolite coatings, plastering and other work related to the possibility of moistening the coatings must be carried out in the room. When installing these floors and in the subsequent period until the facility is put into operation, the relative air humidity in the room should not exceed 60%. Drafts in the room are not allowed.

4.5. Floors resistant to aggressive environments must be made in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85.

4.6. Work on the installation of asphalt concrete, slag and crushed stone floors should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.06.03-85 (Section 7).

4.7. Requirements for materials and mixtures for special types of floors (heat-resistant, radiation-resistant, spark-free, etc.) must be specified in the project.

4.8. Underlying layers, screeds, connecting layers (for ceramic, concrete, mosaic and other tiles) and monolithic coatings on a cement binder must be under a layer of constantly moist water-retaining material for 7-10 days after installation.

4.9. Standard use of xylolite floors, cement or acid-resistant concrete or mortar, as well as piece materials laid on layers of cement-sand or acid-resistant (liquid glass) mortar is allowed after the concrete or mortar has acquired the design compressive strength. Pedestrian traffic on these floors can be allowed no earlier than the concrete monolithic coverings have acquired a compressive strength of 5 MPa, and the solution of the layer under the piece materials has acquired a compressive strength of 2.5 MPa.

PREPARATION OF THE UNDERLYING FLOOR ELEMENTS

4.10. Dust removal of the surface must be performed before applying primers, adhesive layers for roll and tile polymer coatings and mastic compositions for solid (seamless) floors.

4.11. The surface layer must be primed over the entire surface without gaps before applying construction mixtures, mastics, adhesives, etc. (based on bitumen, tar, synthetic resins and aqueous polymer dispersions) to the underlying element with a composition corresponding to the material of the mixture, mastic or glue.

4.12. Moistening the surface layer of floor elements made of concrete and cement-sand mortar should be done before laying construction mixtures of cement and gypsum binders on them. Humidification is carried out until the final absorption of water.

CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE BASE LAYERS

4.13. Preparation, transportation and laying of concrete mixtures must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures” (Section 2).

4.14. When making concrete underlying layers using the vacuum method, the requirements of Table. 16.

Table 16

STRUCTURE DEVICE

4.15. Monolithic screeds made of concrete, asphalt concrete, cement-sand mortar and prefabricated screeds made of wood fiber boards must be made in compliance with the rules for constructing coatings of the same name.

4.16. Gypsum self-leveling and porous cement screeds must be laid immediately to the calculated thickness specified in the project.

4.17. When installing screeds, the requirements of Table 1 must be met. 17.

Table 17

SOUND INSULATION DEVICE

4.18. Bulk soundproofing material (sand, coal slag, etc.) must be free of organic impurities. The use of backfills made from dusty materials is prohibited.

4.19. Gaskets should be laid without gluing to the floor slabs, and slabs and mats should be laid dry or glued with bitumen mastics. Soundproofing pads under the joists must be laid along the entire length of the joists without breaks. Tape spacers for prefabricated screeds of the size “per room” should be located in continuous strips along the perimeter of the premises close to the walls and partitions, under the joints of adjacent slabs, as well as inside the perimeter - parallel to the larger side of the slab.

4.20. When installing sound insulation, the requirements of Table. 18.

Table 18

WATERPROOFING DEVICE

4.21. Pasted waterproofing using bitumen, tar and mastics based on them should be carried out in accordance with Section. 2, and polymer waterproofing - in accordance with SNiP 3.04.03-85.

4.22. Waterproofing from crushed stone impregnated with bitumen should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.06.03-85.

4.23. Before laying coatings, layers or screeds containing cement or liquid glass on it, the surface of bitumen waterproofing should be covered with hot bitumen mastic with dry coarse sand embedded in it in compliance with the parameters of the table. 19.

Table 19

REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERMEDIATE FLOOR ELEMENTS

4.24. The strength of materials that harden after laying must be no less than the design strength. Permissible deviations when installing intermediate floor elements are given in table. 20.

Table 20

DEVICE OF MONOLITHIC COATINGS

4.25. Monolithic mosaic coatings and coatings with a strengthened surface layer, arranged over concrete underlying layers, should be carried out simultaneously with the latter by embedding decorative, reinforcing and other bulk materials into a freshly laid evacuated concrete mixture.

4.26. When installing monolithic coatings, the requirements of Table. 21.

Table 21

CONSTRUCTION OF COATINGS FROM PLATES (TILES) AND UNIFIED BLOCKS

4.27. Slabs (tiles) of cement-concrete, cement-sand, mosaic concrete, asphalt concrete, ceramic, cast stone, cast iron, steel, natural stone and standardized blocks should be laid immediately after installing a connecting layer of mortar, concrete and hot mastics. The embedding of slabs and blocks into the interlayer should be carried out using vibration; in places inaccessible for vibration heating - manually. The laying and embedding of slabs and blocks should be completed before the mortar begins to set or the mastic begins to harden.

4.28. The basic requirements that must be met when constructing coverings from slabs and blocks are given in Table. 22.

Table 22

CONSTRUCTION OF COATINGS FROM WOOD AND PRODUCTS BASED ON IT

4.29. The joists under the coverings should be laid across the direction of light from the windows, and in rooms with a certain direction of movement of people (for example, in corridors) - perpendicular to the movement. The logs should be butted together end to end anywhere in the room with the joints in adjacent logs offset by at least 0.5 m. A gap of 20-30 mm wide must be left between the logs and the walls (partitions).

4.30. In floors on ceilings, the surface of the joists must be leveled with a layer of sand and tamped under soundproofing pads or joists along their entire width or length. The joists must touch the soundproofing layer, floor slabs or sand leveling layer with the entire lower surface, without gaps. Putting wooden wedges or supports under the joists to level them or resting the joists on wooden supports is prohibited.

4.31. Under the logs placed on posts in floors on the ground, wooden pads should be laid on two layers of roofing felt, the edges of which should be released from under the pads by 30-40 mm and secured to them with nails. The joist joints should be located on posts.

4.32. In doorways of adjacent rooms, a widened joist should be installed, protruding beyond the partition by at least 50 mm on each side.

4.33. Plank flooring boards, parquet boards connected to each other by side edges into a tongue and groove, and parquet panels using dowels must be tightly joined together. The reduction in the width of the coating products during bonding must be at least 0.5%.

4.34. All boards of the plank covering must be attached to each joist with nails 2-2.5 times longer than the thickness of the covering, and parquet panels - with nails 50-60 mm long. Nails should be driven obliquely into the face of the boards and into the base of the bottom cheek of the groove on the edges of parquet boards and parquet panels with the heads embedded. Hammering nails into the front surface of parquet boards and parquet panels is prohibited.

4.35. The joints of the ends of the boards of plank coverings, the joints of the ends and side edges with the ends of adjacent parquet boards, as well as the joints of the edges of adjacent parquet panels parallel to the joists should be placed on the joists.

4.36. The joints of the ends of the covering boards must be covered with a board (frieze) 50-60 mm wide, 15 mm thick, embedded flush with the covering surface. The frieze is nailed to the joist with nails in two rows with a pitch (along the joist) of 200-250 mm. Joining the ends without covering them with a frieze is allowed only in two or three wall covering boards; the joints should not be opposite the doorways and should be located on the same joist. When mating parquet boards, as well as parquet panels with sawn edges, a groove must be made on some of them, and a ridge on others, corresponding to those on the other edges.

4.37. Super-hard fibreboards, stacked and block parquet should be glued to the base with quick-hardening mastics on water-resistant binders, used in a cold or heated state. Adhesive mastic on the base under super-hard wood-fiber boards should be applied in strips 100-200 mm wide along the perimeter of the boards and in the middle zone with an interval of 300-400 mm. When laying out and cutting wood fiber boards, joining the four corners of the boards at one point is not allowed.

4.38. When installing coatings made of wood and products based on them, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 23.

Table 23

DEVICE OF COATINGS FROM POLYMER MATERIALS

4.39. Before gluing, linoleum, carpets, roll materials made of synthetic fibers and polyvinyl chloride tiles must be allowed to sit until the waves disappear and are completely adjacent to the base; they must be glued to the underlying layer over the entire area, except for cases specified in the project.

4.40. Cutting of joined panels of rolled materials must be done no earlier than 3 days after the main gluing of the panels. The edges of the joined linoleum panels must be welded or glued after cutting.

4.41. In areas of heavy pedestrian traffic, the installation of transverse (perpendicular to the direction of movement) seams in coverings made of linoleum, carpets and roll materials made of synthetic fibers is not allowed.

4.42. When installing coatings made of polymer materials, the requirements of Table. 24.

Table 24

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE READY FLOOR COVERING

4.43. The basic requirements for finished floor coverings are given in table. 25.

Table 25

BUILDING REGULATIONS

INSULATING AND FINISHING COATINGS

SNiP 3.04.01-87

STATE CONSTRUCTION

USSR COMMITTEE

Moscow 1988

DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (candidates of technical sciences N. N. Zavrazhin - topic leader, V. A. Anzigitov) with the participation of the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the Gosstroy of the USSR (candidate of technical sciences I. P. Kim), TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (candidate of technical sciences D. B. Baulin), NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences Prof. E. D. Belousov, Candidate of Technical Sciences G. S. Agadzhanov), SKTB Glavtunnelmetrostroy of the Ministry of Transport and Construction of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences V. V. Krylova , V. G. Golubova), Department of Soyuzmetrospetsstroy of the Ministry of Transport and Construction of the USSR (A. P. Levina, P. F. Litvina), NIIZHB of the State Committee for Construction of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof. F. M. Ivanova).

INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (D.I. Prokofiev).

With the entry into force of SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings”, SNiPs lose their validity III-20-74*, SNiP III-21-73*, SNiP III‑ V.14-72; GOST 22753-77, GOST 22844-77, GOST 23305-78.

When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes to building codes and rules and state standards published in the journal “Bulletin of Construction Equipment”, “Collection of Amendments to Building Codes and Rules” of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index “USSR State Standards” of the USSR State Standard.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

l.l. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of work on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of work due to the special operating conditions of buildings and structures.

1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be carried out in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - in accordance with the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.

1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation works can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.

1.4. The installation of each insulation element (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correct execution of the corresponding underlying element and drawing up an inspection report for hidden work.

1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to prescribe methods for performing work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for by these rules.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 . Insulation and roofing work can be performed from 6 0 to minus 30 ° From the environment (work with the use of hot mastics - at an ambient temperature of at least minus 20 ° C, using water-based compositions without antifreeze additives, not less than 5 ° WITH ) .

ass Do not make seams between prefabricated slabs;

will suit b temperature-shrinkable seams;

install embedded elements;

plaster sections of vertical surfaces of stone structures to the height of the junction of the rolled or emulsion-mastic roofing carpet and insulation.

2.3. Insulating compounds and materials must be applied in continuous and uniform layers or in one layer without gaps or sagging. Each layer must be laid on the hardened surface of the previous one, leveling the applied compounds, with the exception of paint ones. When preparing and preparing insulating compositions, the requirements of Table. 1 .

Table 1

PREPARATION OF FOUNDATIONS AND UNDERLYING

INSULATION ELEMENTS