Prices for building houses from heat blocks: how much does it cost to build a house? Thermal block, thermal wall, flint granite, polyblock - three-layer wall block Thermally efficient blocks shape and size.

We offer buy three-layer blocks in 12 front versions. Such a number of textures and colors will allow you to implement any exterior solution!

The AlStroy company sells heat blocks in two sizes:

The first - 400 x 400 x 190 mm is suitable for the construction of buildings up to 4 floors high. The facade layer in it is 7 cm, the insulating layer is 18 cm, and the base, load-bearing layer is 15. The heat insulator is dense (M 25) foam plastic, securely fixed between the outer expanded clay concrete layers with four six-millimeter (in diameter) rods made of basalt plastic. The connecting pins are designed for a breaking load of 4 tons! The second type of three-layer thermal wall blocks has the following dimensions - 300 x 400 x 190 mm. They are used for one-story construction and during the completion of buildings. The dimensions of the layers here are somewhat different - the load-bearing and insulating layers are 120 mm each, and the façade layer is 60 mm. It should be noted that a slight decrease in the thickness of each layer of three-layer expanded clay concrete blocks does not in any way affect the heat-saving characteristics of the material - its energy efficiency margin is quite high.

The laying of these stones is carried out using traditional mortar, glue or a mixture thereof, taken in a ratio of 5:1. Minor deviation linear dimensions three-layer building blocks, only +/- 1.5 mm per side, allow small vertical (0.6 cm) and horizontal (0.8 cm) seams. To avoid the occurrence of cold bridges, all vertical seams across the width of the insulation are filled with special foam.
The tensile strength of masonry three-layer heat-efficient blocks under central compression is 140 kgf/cm2!

So should you buy three-layer blocks for construction?

Among the people, another name has been assigned to this building material - “miracle brick”. After all, one could only dream of a warm, prefabricated house before. Today, it is enough to read reviews about three-layer blocks to understand that such structures really are:

• environmentally friendly;
• do not ignite or support combustion;
• cheaper than traditional stone ones;
• highly thermally efficient.

We give a guarantee for this building material for at least 50 years. But since in Europe expanded clay concrete houses more than 100 years old, we are sure that housing built from our three-layer thermally efficient wall blocks will last no less. And if you want to build just such a family nest, buy inexpensive three-layer blocks. Call us at any time, find out about the cost of three-layer blocks and the price of a cottage that we are ready to build for you at any time of the year - even this is possible with a thermal wall.

Price of three-layer blocks

Our three-layer block, the price of which is perhaps the most attractive in Russia, will allow you to minimize construction estimate. Purchasing high-quality three-layer blocks for building a house from the manufacturer will result in savings for the developer not only during the construction of housing, but also during its further operation. The absence of two additional operations (insulation and cladding) will lead to the fact that the cost of a house made of three-layer blocks will be more than 40% less compared to a traditional brick structure.

Wholesale purchase of polyblocks will cost up to 30% less than the purchase of gas-foam blocks, bricks and insulation. In addition, the cost of work to improve the facade and insulate the building will also add a considerable amount to the final construction estimate in the classic way. Cladding blocks, the price of which is affordable for the average developer, will significantly save money on delivery - instead of bringing building materials three times, it is enough to do it once. The AlStroy company sells heating blocks to all regions of Russia and organizes their delivery! To lay warm stone, no additional special equipment is required, which is a significant saving.

Is it good to have a house made of three-layer blocks?

Three-layer walls made of blocks have confirmed in practice that a more thermally efficient material does not yet exist. In conditions of constantly rising heating costs, such buildings store heat 4 times more during the cold season than a conventional one stone house. And in summer they remain pleasantly cool. Savings on heating a home built from standard wall blocks with insulation is 30-35%.! Insulated brick house It will completely cool down in 3-4 days, and a building made of polyblocks will need 2 whole weeks.

Houses made from this material allow you to save on laying strip foundation up to 15%. Under multilayer walls install a base with a maximum width of 50 cm (block thickness plus 10 cm), while under a standard insulated and tiled building you will need a foundation 60-70 cm wide.

In addition, three-layer blocks for construction are classified as lightweight building materials. This allows the installation of foundation pillars, which saves the developer even more money. Compared to the classic construction of insulated housing, labor costs during the construction of a polyblock building will be reduced by 30-35%. After all, the need to insulate and clad the façade in this case simply disappears. Well, one last thing. Three-layer thermally efficient wall blocks will be “gifted” to the developer extra room! If we compare usable area standard, 140 m2 brick, and the same multi-layer block housing, it turns out that the second is 14 m2 more spacious. Narrower (but also warmer) walls will increase living space on 10 %.

Middle layer modern insulation(expanded polystyrene) and an outer layer of colored concrete, decorated with natural stone. All layers are fastened together with a tongue-and-groove connection, and to give additional strength, special fiberglass pins with limiters pass through the body of the block.

Composition and manufacturing technology of thermally efficient blocks

Wall blocks of a similar design are produced on semi-automatic lines using vibration casting followed by natural hardening. For their molding, one-piece metal molds are used, and the block is created sequentially, which is due to the complex multilayer structure of the material and the use of additional reinforcement.

• The geometric dimensions of the block are regulated by GOST 28984.
• Materials included in the block: Portland cement M400 according to GOST 10178, M500 - GOST 22266,
• quartz sand according to GOST 8736;
• chemical additives used in concrete mix according to GOST 24211;
• as insulation - polystyrene foam boards according to GOST 15588.

Classification and subtypes of multilayer heat blocks blocks

Thermally efficient blocks are classified according to several parameters:

• according to the color and texture of the top decorative and protective coating. They can be anything depending on customer requirements
• according to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. The thickness of the layer is selected depending on the expected climatic zone in which the specific material will be used, and on the heat loss characteristics of the building;
• according to the number of layers used to create a block - three- and four-layer. In a four-layer version of the block design, the heat-insulating layer is located inside a supporting structure made of lightweight concrete;

According to the size and shape of the blocks used for various types of construction work:

• regular block;
• block with a hole for ventilation;
• corner block;
• block with a quarter for organizing door and window openings;
• waist and additional blocks.

The maximum deviation from the specified dimensions of the heat-efficient block is 2 mm, which makes it possible, when erecting walls, to lay the material on special glue and carry out internal Finishing work without plastering the resulting surface.

Technical characteristics of thermally efficient blocks

1. Strength- 60.8 kg/cm2. The strength of this material allows the construction of high-rise buildings, while Special attention is given to corner blocks as the main load-bearing elements. Blocks of this design are available in a reinforced version.
2. Volume weight- 1,000 - 1,500 kg/cub.m. Since blocks of this type are multilayer material, then the total specific gravity of the material depends on its design features(thickness of the polystyrene foam layer, decorative concrete layer, etc.). Specific gravity of block elements: density of expanded clay concrete 1,590 kg/m3 - 1,700 kg/m3; density of expanded polystyrene - from 25 kg/m3, density decorative concrete 1,600 kg/m3 - 1,900 kg/m3.
3. Thermal conductivity- 3.14 m2 K/W or 0.04 W/mG. This average, which may vary depending on the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. Typically, this material is the most energy-efficient with the smallest wall thickness.
4. Frost resistance- 70 cycles (F70). This indicator fully meets the conditions for the durability of the objects being built. The material lasts for decades without losing its aesthetic appeal.
5. Shrinkage- 0.1 mm/m. This is a very high indicator, which ensures that the shape and dimensions of the wall are preserved after completion of the masonry.
6. Water absorption- 10 %. The inner and outer layers of the material reliably protect its structure from moisture penetration, so the material is different high strength V different conditions operation and does not require additional protection.
7. Vapor permeability 0.07 - 0.13 mg/m h Pa. This figure is quite sufficient to maintain comfortable conditions indoors, since it allows moisture exchange to take place in required volume.
8. Fire resistance- K0 - K1. Some Constructive decisions in the production of building blocks similar type make it possible to increase their fire resistance to maximum values ​​according to SNiP 21-01-97. Such indicators make it possible to use the material for structures of all degrees of fire resistance
9. Cost of heat blocks 6,300 - 8,100 rub/m3. The cost of the material depends on the shape and design features of the product, as well as on the thickness of the load-bearing and heat-insulating layer.
10. Soundproofing- high. Walls built from thermally efficient blocks reliably protect the room from street noise and do not require additional sound insulation.
11. Maximum number of storeys buildings - 3 floors. The material allows construction load-bearing structures during low-rise construction, and during construction on frame technology There are no restrictions on number of storeys.

Features of thermally efficient blocks

Thermally efficient blocks are a very progressive material, which, while having many advantages, is practically free of disadvantages.

• The multilayer nature of the material makes it possible to build walls without the use of additional heat and sound insulation, which significantly reduces construction time and saves money.
• With the same thermal conductivity, the thickness of walls made of thermally efficient blocks will be much smaller, which allows saving building materials and increasing the living space of the house at the same overall dimensions.
• The accuracy of the block dimensions makes it possible to carry out masonry using special mixtures, without the use of mortar. Therefore, there is no need to bring it to construction site additional equipment and materials.
• Compliance with dimensions when producing blocks minimizes additional finishing and preparation work interior spaces, saving time and money.
• Low weight compared to other materials that perform load-bearing functions makes it possible to lay a lighter foundation, also saving money.
• Due to small specific gravity material, transport costs are minimized, and low moisture absorption allows blocks to be stored with minimal protection.

Scope of application and methods of transportation

Since thermally efficient blocks have a decorative and protective outer layer, then they are widely used for the construction of private buildings in low-rise construction, high-rise buildings using frame technology, as well as for the construction of cultural facilities.

Blocks of this type are transported on special pallets and protected plastic film. Freight road and rail transport is used for transportation. Unloading is done by cranes or special loaders.

HEATING BLOCK –ALL ABOUT THE HEATING BLOCK

Heat block (Thermally efficient building block, polyblock, four-layer block) is new construction material, which has particularly high energy-saving properties and durability. In the end, the name is not so important - the main thing is that this material is affordable, high-quality, technologically advanced, modern and aesthetic.

WHAT IS A HEATING BLOCK AND HOW IS IT CONSTRUCTED (all parts of the wall in one block)

The use of thermally efficient building blocks can reduce heat loss through the walls of buildings by more than 5.6 times when compared with traditional sand-lime bricks.

MAIN ADVANTAGES IN FAVOR OF THE HEATING BLOCK:

Comparison of time and cost of erecting building walls from different building materials

Types of thermally efficient blocks

(produced on our equipment sets)

Production kits (mini-factories)

Our company offers you universal production kits (mini-factories) to get started own production thermally efficient blocks and decorative concrete.

What are mini-factories? Mini-factory as equipment for small businesses - completely finished project generating profit from the first day of operation. Rapid entry into the market is facilitated by the transfer of technology for the production of thermally efficient blocks. Job training takes place during the internship of your employees on the territory of our enterprise. After completing the internship, employees will almost immediately be able to support the production of textured thermally efficient blocks, as well as paving slabs, marble from concrete, curbs, steps, fences and high-strength facing stone. Manufactured products differ high quality and a reasonable price, which will allow you to easily compete with other manufacturers.

So, a mini-plant is a set of equipment designed to create a highly profitable business. The kits are designed to meet different needs in terms of productivity and start-up costs. Important feature mini-factories are universal and sufficient; you do not need additional equipment and specific production areas. The kits are universal, compact and can be tailored to specific client requests. Recommended equipment sets can be viewed.

Versatility, reasonable price, ease of use, tangible prospects and reliable long-term success - this is what high-tech equipment and production lines of OTP "Company" can give you.

Thermal blocks arose as a result of the implementation of the idea to combine in one wall block effective insulation, decorative finishing and constructive with high bearing capacity. Today, thermal blocks are already a familiar building material, and houses built from thermal blocks have earned both positive and negative reviews.

Heat block design

1. The inner layer is polystyrene foam; heat blocks with extruded polystyrene foam have the best energy-saving characteristics. The economical option includes ordinary polystyrene foam with a density of 25 kg/m3 or polystyrene foam with a thickness of 150 to 200 mm.
2. The load-bearing layer faces inside premises, it can be either solid or have voids. Heat blocks with a hollow inner layer are used to construct the walls of buildings up to three floors; the voids are reinforced and filled concrete mixture. Bearing layer material – lightweight concrete, possibly expanded clay concrete grades from M50 to M200. The strength of the heat block depends on the brand of cement and expanded clay gravel.
3. Finishing layer of lightweight concrete (expanded clay concrete) with imitation brick or natural stone, “wild stone” texture.

Layers of expanded polystyrene and expanded clay concrete cannot have adhesion, so all three layers of the heat block are fastened with anchor rods made of fiberglass or basalt.

The design of the heat blocks does not allow cutting the blocks to fit the length of the walls. They produce a fairly wide “size range” of blocks, not only for single-row masonry different thicknesses, but also blocks for belts, frames of openings, halves, with ventilation ducts, both for internal and external walls.

The standard sizes of heating blocks are 40*40*19 cm and 40*30*19 cm. For construction in areas with a warm climate, blocks of 40*20*19 cm are produced.

Construction of a house from heat blocks

• The thermopile is mounted using adhesive compounds; the thickness of the seams is maintained from 2 to 4 mm. The fuel cell blocks are laid very tightly to reduce heat loss through the adhesive seams. Adhesive composition is applied only to the horizontal surface of the block, and glue is not applied to the thermal insulation layer, but only to the load-bearing and finishing layers. It is more economical to spread the glue using a notched trowel. Bandaging of block seams is carried out in half a block.

• The sealing of vertical seams of fuel and fuel rods is done in two stages. The area adjacent to the insulating layers of polystyrene foam is hermetically sealed with polyurethane foam. External and internal seams The load-bearing and finishing layers are sealed with mortar using a construction gun.

• Masonry from TEB blocks must be carried out with internal reinforcement with masonry mesh. Steel mesh made of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a cell of 20*50 mm or fiberglass mesh of similar strength is used. The masonry is reinforced in three to four rows.
• According to manufacturers, fuel and fuel units do not require an armored belt for building heights up to two floors. But - from the practice of builders - for interfloor ceilings reinforced belt still necessary. To preserve the architecture of the facade, the armored belts are closed next to belt blocks that have a smaller thickness. The minimum amount of support for floor panels on a wall made of fuel and fuel rods is 120 mm.

Advantages of heat blocks

List the main advantages of heat blocks for building a house:

• Economical cost. The low weight of the blocks saves both labor and money on building the foundation.
• Quick installation, combination of insulation and finishing. Finished wall with cladding a short time. Single-row masonry is completed in a short time, but the vertical joints need to be sealed thoroughly, and this increases labor costs. To be able to install heat blocks tightly, they need to have good geometry, which is not always the case in practice. One of the consequences of uneven blocks is the additional cost of foam for sealing seams and the need for labor-intensive work to fit and seal the blocks. The installation speed can thus simply be leveled out.
• The walls retain heat well, and the cost of heating the house is significantly lower. According to reviews from residents, it is approximately two times lower than in a brick house, but not four, as some manufacturers claim. The condition of comfort and good microclimate in the house depends on well-organized ventilation. In summer it is cool in a house made of heat blocks.

Disadvantages of heat blocks

Negative reviews about the shortcomings of fuel and fuel cells make you think:

• The insulating layer of polystyrene foam does not have high durability. Repairs are quite complex and expensive.
• The environmental friendliness of polystyrene foams has always been a controversial issue. The advantage is that polystyrene foam is covered on both sides with load-bearing and finishing layers and does not release styrene into the room. There are reviews from residents about a chemical smell in the premises, which indicates the use of low-quality insulation

• The fire safety of a house with walls containing a layer of flammable polystyrene foam inside is also an issue. The same plus - there is a protective concrete layer on both sides, which increases the fire resistance of the entire structure. But if the polystyrene foam inside the walls does catch fire, the fire will spread quickly.
• Sealing the masonry joints on the facade is not enough; waterproofing the facade is also needed. When it rains, especially heavy downpours, the seams become soaked and take a long time to dry.

There are still difficulties in purchasing high-quality heat blocks. Heat blocks with irregular geometry require a large consumption of masonry mortar; it is difficult to make the façade aesthetically pleasing. To purchase fuel cell blocks, you need to visit the production workshop and make sure that the technology is being implemented, the equipment is modern and high-quality materials are used. It is worth paying attention to both the storage of blocks and shipment.

Three-layer wall blocks, consisting of two layers of concrete and insulation between them, are a relatively new building material. According to the plan, they should simplify, speed up and reduce the cost of building three-layer walls. But did everything work out?

There are no building codes or regulations for these blocks. There are only recommendations for their use developed by one of the institutes.
Designers who do not depend on the companies that produce these blocks try not to include them in house designs.

Such blocks are not difficult to produce. They are produced by many small manufacturers. (... which often fail to fulfill the stated characteristics). But also a number of large ones. Known trade marks Thermal block, Polyblock, Silica granite, Telosten..... But the essence is the same - a three-layer thermally efficient wall block, characterized by increased heat conservation.

Why do experts try to do without warm blocks?

Heat block design

The usual dimensions of warm blocks (thermally efficient wall blocks) are shown in the figure. With a total width of 300 - 400 mm, the thickness of the layers can be different. The inner concrete layer is the widest, 120 - 200 mm, and has the greatest impact on the strength of the wall.

The outer layer is narrower, finishing, can be painted, and equipped with a relief, textured surface.

The insulation is most often foamed polystyrene foam (EPS), and the more expensive extruded polystyrene foam XPS is also less common. The thickness of the insulation varies between 100 - 160 mm.

To connect the layers, plastic anchors are most often used in addition to glue. Or the strength of the connection of the layers is increased due to the comb shape of the connection, which prevents tensile forces.

What are they releasing?

Blocks from small manufacturers with metal internal reinforcement are more likely to fall into the “reject” category due to increased thermal conductivity and reduced durability.

All block configurations necessary for the construction of walls are produced.

When purchasing, you must purchase all the configurations necessary for masonry, use the order of the project, durable concrete Products are not easy to cut.

The composition of concrete can vary greatly; various heavy durable fillers and expanded clay are used. And some manufacturers use both mineral wool and foam glass as insulation.

Technical characteristics of warm blocks

The dimensional error in the manufacture of blocks is often no more than 2 mm. This allows you to lay blocks on thin layer glue - 3 - 5 mm.
If the dimensional accuracy of the blocks is more than 2 mm, then the masonry is made using ordinary cement-sand mortar with a seam thickness of 10 mm.

An important characteristic of heat blocks is the resistance to heat transfer of the finished wall. First of all, it will depend on the thickness of the insulation layer. And also from his appearance.

Polystyrene foam is “colder” than extruded polystyrene foam. In addition, the foam can be moistened. At the same time, it significantly increases its thermal conductivity. While extruded polystyrene foam does not absorb water and does not change its thermal conductivity when the wall is saturated with moisture.

Heat transfer resistance

The table provides information about the heat transfer resistance of heat blocks depending on the insulation material, layer thickness, and humidity.

For blocks in the wall, the maximum humidity value should be taken.

Heat blocks, even with a small thickness of extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), have satisfactory heat transfer resistance for many regions according to SNiP.

Before choosing a heat block, you need to find out more precisely what heat transfer resistance should be at the walls of the house in a particular climatic zone according to standards.

The wall design itself practically does not increase thermal conductivity.
The coefficient of thermal heterogeneity of a wall made of this material when laid on glue with thermal break of seams on foam plastic is 0.92. The thermal insulation characteristics of the wall will depend mainly on the correctness of the masonry; it is necessary to prevent cold bridges.

Strength of heat blocks and walls made from them

The strength characteristics of warm blocks are the most important.
In a conventional three-layer wall, only the inner layer is the load-bearing layer. And the outer one creates façade finishing and protection for the insulation; it does not take the load from the overlying structures.

In a wall made of three-layer warm blocks (thermal block, polyblock, porcelain stoneware, thermal...) both the inner and outer layers are load-bearing.

Layer thickness in blocks

What thickness of concrete layers should be in a warm block to ensure the strength of the wall throughout its service life?
It is known that experts recommend using heat blocks with an inner layer thickness of at least 180 mm for two- and three-story buildings.

For a one-story building with a non-residential attic, it is permissible to use blocks with an internal concrete layer thickness of 130 mm, but provided that the masonry is reinforced with a mesh (every fourth layer), openings, and also the creation of a reinforced concrete belt under the ceilings.

Compressive strength characterizes the entire block as a solid product - found in M35, M50, M75. When determining the characteristics, all layers are taken into account, even foam.

It is necessary to distinguish between the strength of the concrete from which the block is made and the strength of the block itself. The compressive strength of the concrete from which the block is made will be greater than the similar characteristic adopted for the entire block as a whole.

Increasing the width of the insulation leads to a thinning of the internal load-bearing layer of concrete. Ensuring strength, reliability and durability is the main criterion when choosing blocks. Therefore, it is impossible to reduce the thickness of concrete in pursuit of better heat conservation.

Features of application

The use of warm blocks is still experimental.

Research Institute "Teplosten", which are considered the developers of this technology, recommend using a spatial reinforced concrete building frame together with blocks. And the blocks themselves can have a total thickness of 300 mm (with reduced strength characteristics).

But the construction of a spatial reinforced concrete frame, although not so expensive, complicates the construction process; many construction organizations simply avoid such problems, preferring classic masonry.

How to do masonry

When laying, it is recommended to fill the vertical and horizontal seams between the concrete parts with glue (mortar). (any masonry adhesive can be used, for example under tiles). And the seams between the foam parts are made with ordinary polyurethane foam.
When using a solution, flexible tape insulation can be placed on the foam.

Some manufacturers produce blocks with holes in thick inner layer specifically for creating vertical reinforcement with steel rods, and a spatial reinforced frame directly in the blocks.

Question with seams

A feature of the use of heat blocks is the absence external plaster and jointing of through joints of masonry. In this case, it becomes necessary to very carefully and reliably rub all the seams between the blocks from the outside. Why use the same masonry adhesive, and on top of it façade primers or silicone sealant.

It is necessary to monitor the condition of these seams throughout the operation of the building. When the wall is soaked with sediment, water can get inside the wall through small cracks in the seams. What threatens it with frost destruction, loss of thermal and strength qualities, penetration of moisture into the house, destruction polyurethane foam in the seams.

Walls made of this material relief surface the outside is additionally painted facade paints with any vapor permeability, usually in bright hues, which creates additional protection for the structure.

Technology for protecting the wall from the outside by grouting through seams between load-bearing elements seems unreliable.

Unlike aerated concrete or porous ceramics, which are also laid with through seams, but for which external protective finishing of the wall is always provided -

Durability

The presence of the synthetic substance polystyrene foam between the mineral load-bearing layers also raises questions. Expanded polystyrene does not have a service life as long as minerals. Presumably this insulation will gradually decompose, compact, crumble, etc. And here this layer is a binder and can take loads...

After all, the predicted service life of foam insulation and mineral wool on the wall is only 35 years old, after which it is necessary to conduct another energy audit of the building and replace insulation materials that have become unusable. Even clinker brick cladding in a three-layer wall can be disassembled brick by brick to replace the insulation. But in this case...
The durability (100 years or more) of walls made of thermal blocks is in doubt.

Blocks made entirely of mineral substances, where the insulation is foam glass, “eternal” and vapor barrier, are clearly the preferred option. But they are much more expensive.

The use of mineral wool in blocks, which not only has a short service life, but also absorbs water like a sponge, also raises many questions.

According to the project

Use heat blocks (three-layer concrete blocks with a middle layer of insulation) is possible only in accordance with a project made specifically for this wall material.

Based on calculations will be selected optimal design heat block, as well as reinforcement, a spatial frame formed by walls and ceilings.

You should not use the services of drawing up specifications and orders for heating blocks based on any house design offered by manufacturers of this material.

Advantages and disadvantages

The pros and cons of heat blocks, as well as how walls are laid from this material, can be found in this film