Houses made of wooden blocks. Building a house from wooden bricks is a great idea! Make your own wooden bricks
Hello everyone, continuing the construction theme country house I want to introduce you to a new type of construction technology - wooden brick masonry.
To put new house, first of all, it is necessary to decide on the place of construction and, in which all building materials are clearly indicated. Until today, the most common and promising building materials were, of course, considered concrete, brick, different kindsblocks(today he is probably in the lead ) etc. But nevertheless, wood, as it has been from time immemorial, remains the most in demand in construction, by the way, not only of residential buildings or dachas, but also of equally necessary utility and other buildings and extensions important for comfortable living. And few people know, but a house can be successfully built made of wooden bricks. Moreover, this can be done even with one hand.
No one doubts that wood is, first of all, a natural building material that can “breathe”, and therefore have a beneficial effect on humans. But the prices for building a house from rounded timber, let’s say, are not affordable for everyone.
Wooden bricks as a material for building a house
Wooden bricks It's hard to surprise anyone today new construction technologies. Various new products appear in our markets every now and then. The production of environmentally friendly, reliable and at the same time inexpensive materials is the main task in the activities of construction creators. It was they who invented wooden building bricks for the construction of a country house.
Wooden brick - features, advantages, price
What kind of miracle is this? wood brick and what is its price? What he really is? Let's figure it out.
Laying the wall of a house made of wooden bricks An ordinary, only wooden brick immediately comes to mind. Absolutely true, but our miracle technology is only slightly similar to standard brick in shape and name. In fact, wooden brick is the closest "relative" more like a wooden beam, only, as you guessed correctly, smaller in size. And the principle of building a house is completely different, due to the special form factor of a wood block. This wooden blocks with dimensions 65 x 19 x 6 cm, on the walls of which there are special locks for fastening- and this is a key feature of the product. Wherein wood brick production technology allows the product to be manufactured with other parameters that differ from the standards. For example, there is a hollow brick (the voids are filled with sawdust), or a brick glued together from lamellas, with or without fasteners, and other nuances. The main thing here is adherence to the core idea. And certain nuances of the technology are selected depending on the specific situation and/or preferences.
In the production of wooden blocks, only the highest quality is used, a number of operations are used; starting with drying until it reaches 8 to 10%, and ending with mechanical processing and grinding of all surfaces of the brick.
As a result, we get a product that, in principle, does not require additional processing. The walls, made of neatly polished wooden bricks and without additional cladding, look simply excellent. But nevertheless, they need protection from natural precipitation and other influences. Therefore, it would be wiser to apply some kind of .
Wooden brick masonry has an advantage over both timber and ordinary bricks Due to the light weight of wooden bricks and “magic grooves”, there is no need to mix mortars as when laying ordinary bricks, or when compared with building a house from timber, there is no need for significant carpentry skills to build the walls of a house even a beginner can construction house . In this case, the surface of the wall will be as smooth as possible - it is assembled as if it were a Lego set, where the evenness is predetermined by the grooves. In this case, no nails, no screws, glue, etc. are required, or they need the bare minimum - it depends on the nuances of the technology. In addition, small-format material is more convenient to transport.
Many builders of their own houses complain that after assembly wooden log house you have to wait for some time until it dries and shrinks. And only then begin installing doors, windows and finishing. Plus, the timber can twist during the drying process. After using wooden bricks, you do not have to wait for the drying and shrinkage stage. Despite its small size, wooden brick laying practically not deformed and that's one more thing, important advantage.
Moreover, when building a house made of wooden bricks there is no need to use expensive construction equipment. Obviously, the most expensive elements can be rigid structures - crowns and pillars. Unless, of course, we want our new home to turn out like a house of cards, we can’t do without them.
And finally, the price of wooden bricks. When studying the companies (in principle, there are not many of them) that produce them, you can see a significant variation in price - somewhere between 10-15,000 rubles. per cube, and somewhere around 40,000+ per cube (2019). It is clear that a lot depends on the nuances of technology, quality, etc. But the fact is that competition has not yet established itself here and, accordingly, the price has not “settled down”. But let's take an average price of 20,000 rubles. For example, in the Krasnodar region, a cube of untreated wood (pine) costs about 12,000 rubles. Considering that building from such wood will cause a lot of additional expenses and labor costs, then the conclusion suggests itself.
Disadvantages of wooden bricks
Many will ask - “Does this wooden brick really have no flaws at all?” Of course, this is not entirely true. In principle, there are no ideal materials/technologies in construction; there are only the most optimal ones for a given situation.
- You cannot begin such construction from wooden bricks without a well-calculated project (however, this is true for building a house from any materials). Otherwise, the walls may not withstand the load and fall apart.
- It is also not recommended to build multi-story buildings and houses with a large area from wooden bricks - these buildings will be unstable.
- In addition, if your region has a harsh climate, then this wooden product will not suit you either - the structure will turn out to be cold. Of course, such a wall can be additionally insulated from the outside, there are many ways. But then the essence of such construction is lost - getting a wall with a ready-made exterior finish.
Make wooden bricks yourself?
Surely many home craftsmen have asked the question: “Is it easy to make this wooden brick with your own hands at home?” Designers are quite skeptical about this issue. To the material, and to ours in general wooden product many specific and quite high requirements are imposed, which are hardly possible to comply with at home, unless, of course, you have a whole workshop on site with all the necessary equipment. The plant always has high-precision milling, grinding and other equipment.
Building a wall with your own hands, rules
Non-professionals are allowed self-masonry wooden bricks, but always in compliance with certain rules: the product is laid in a row, maintaining the order is mandatory; the brick is laid edgewise on the lock; For both internal and external rows, transverse ligation is required every three bricks.
This is how you build a wood-brick wall with your own hands Accordingly, the dressing material must match the masonry material; the coincidence of the dressing with the bricks of the bottom row is not permissible. It is recommended to shift it by half a brick. This is the only way you will find correct design, a good drawing and a hollow wall. Thermal insulation is placed in the space between the inner and outer wall.
The walls of the house must be protected from moisture penetration, and therefore a novice developer must thoroughly study the mechanisms of moisture penetration. We will talk to you in the following articles about which wall structures of a house being built should be focused on first, how to ensure their hydro- and vapor barrier, as well as protection from external moisture.
Thermal insulation of wooden walls
In the case of using technology using wooden hollow bricks filled with heat-insulating material (there is also such a subtype of technology, see video below), the width of the space for thermal insulation can be changed up to 60 cm. In any case, this change will not affect the number of wooden bricks in the masonry . The use of various heat-preserving materials is allowed as thermal insulation. It happens that ordinary sawdust is poured into this space - they perfectly retain heat in the house.
Video about wooden brick
The production technology is clearly shown here:
The construction technology of hollow wooden bricks filled with sawdust is shown:
Presentation of wood block bricks where a company representative explains the advantages and features of the technology:
In custody
As can be seen from the above at the wooden brick more benefits rather than shortcomings. And yet, before starting construction wooden house you should weigh all the pros and cons in detail and only then start building a country house from wooden bricks.
This is where we will finish the article about building a house using wooden brick masonry. That's all for now, until new articles.
“I live in the city of Shatura, Moscow region. Since childhood, I have been “turned” to construction. I have mastered many professions, including carpenter-concrete worker, mason-builder, furniture maker. I share my experience gained on this blog.”
Manufacturer: WOODBY Rus LLC (Russia)
Block composition: 90% calibrated pine chips and 10% high-quality eco-cement brand PC 500-D0 (GOST 10178-85)
Block Dimensions: 500x370x160 mm
Block thickness: 370 or 160 mm
Block weight: 18 kg
Application: universal building material for walls and interior partitions
Guarantee: 50 years
Universal building block made of wood (500*370*160 mm). WOODBE Super is a structural wall block that is the most the best solution for the construction itself warm home and the last word in the field of eco-building! For the production of WOODBE Super, wood chips of a specially selected improved shape are used, which is achieved only with the use of high-quality German WAGNER equipment. Also, for the production of wood chips, only pre-dried edged lumber. The thermal conductivity of the material is reduced by another 20% compared to the original WOODBE blocks to 0.1 W/(m*K). And by increasing the thickness of the block by 70 mm, the final thermal conductivity of the wall will decrease by another 25%, which is equivalent to brickwork 2-3 meters thick!
Due to the designed universal size block (500*370*160 mm) WOODBE Super can be used both for building a very warm house (masonry width 37 cm), and for small outbuildings and bathhouses (with a wall thickness of 16 cm). The block can also become good decision for very strong sound-absorbing partitions. Imagine insulation 370 mm thick, absolutely environmentally friendly, safe and made of wood. In addition, it can withstand the loads of a three-story building. Now it's real!
New building materials appear on store shelves and shopping centers almost every year, and sometimes more often. Today, research in the field of construction is moving towards creating a more environmentally friendly and at the same time reliable material. In addition, the cheaper the cost of a new building material, the more accessible and popular it will become on the market. A significant contribution to this research was made by domestic specialists who created a product called “wooden brick”.
What it is?
The unusual brick received its name for its resemblance to a well-known building material. In fact, in its composition and properties it is closest to wooden beams, differing from it in its smaller size and installation method. Visually, the material looks like wide blocks measuring 65x19x6 cm; on all its sides there are small grooves and locks with which the blocks are attached to each other. There are also options with smooth edges, but they are not used for the construction load-bearing walls, but only partitions or cladding.
The production technology for such unusual bricks consists of several stages and is as follows.
- Tree coniferous species(cedar, larch, spruce or pine), sawn into beams, are brought to the production site and placed in special chambers for drying. Wood moisture content is reduced to only 8-12%, which allows bricks to better retain heat inside the house.
- The dried timber is machined using special saws. With their help, long material is divided into separate blocks, on which grooves and tongues are cut. The edges are processed to look decorative and fit together with virtually no gaps. This connection method looks so neat that it does not require any exterior finishing both side walls and the facade of a residential building, in contrast to conventional timber or brick.
- The finished brick undergoes finishing grinding so that its surface is as even and smooth as possible. Such a surface can be compared to the surface wooden furniture, which is made in a factory and not by hand. Ready-made bricks are most often not painted, they are only tinted with special compounds, as well as impregnations to protect them from exposure external environment and pests.
The quality of the material is wooden brick, like ordinary timber, divided into varieties. The lowest of them is marked with the letter “C”, and the highest is labeled “Extra”. The difference between the lowest and highest grade can be about 20-30%. The cubic meter itself of this new building material It costs 2-3 times more than regular brick, but its weight is significantly less, which allows you to save on the thickness and depth of the foundation poured for the construction of a house or cottage. The inside of such material can be finished with any of available ways: cover with plaster and paint, install drywall or wallpaper.
Advantages and disadvantages
The distribution of such a universal material as wooden brick in markets and shops has solved many problems and inconveniences associated with the construction of both brick and wooden houses. This is due to the many advantages of this material compared to other products.
- Construction of a wooden log house in one year is simply impossible, since it is necessary to wait for the drying of both solid trunks and wood sawn into beams. Wood bricks go through the drying stage while still in production, so you can build a house with a roof in almost a couple of weeks, after which you can begin installing the roof.
- Unlike timber brick blocks do not deform during drying, as they are small in size. This not only reduces the amount of scrap during the manufacturing process, but also allows you to maintain a tight fit at the place where the grooves are attached without cracks or gaps. As a result, less thermal insulation material and internal decorative coating are required.
- Installation of wooden bricks is carried out without the use of special construction equipment and can be performed not only by professionals, but also by beginners. In addition, for wood masonry need not plaster mixture, sealant and sealant, which will also save not only money, but also time spent on constructing a section of the wall. One of the most expensive elements of a brick-wooden house will be the foundation and rigid structures made of laminated veneer lumber and crowns on which the masonry will rest.
- Unlike timber or logs, the small size of brick allows you to build elements not only rectangular, but also round or irregular shape, as in the case of using the usual brickwork. Such houses look more unusual and decorative than ordinary square log houses.
- The price of one cubic meter of wooden elements is slightly higher than ordinary brick, but 2-2.5 times lower than laminated timber. At the same time, wood sawn into blocks remains environmentally friendly pure material, perfectly retains heat in winter frosts and coolness in the summer heat.
Of course, like any other material, wood brick is not without its drawbacks. Firstly, such material requires competent professional project, since without correct calculation of loads there is a risk of the wall falling. Secondly, it is not recommended to build too large or high-rise houses from wooden blocks, since such structures will not be very stable. Besides, in northern regions In our country, the air temperature in winter is too low, and such material will not provide the necessary thermal insulation. It is unlikely that residential buildings will be built in Novosibirsk or Yakutsk using this newfangled material.
Can I do it myself?
How professional builders, and manufacturers of such an innovative material are skeptical about the idea of making wooden bricks at home. To do this you need to have backyard whole manufacturing facility with grinding and milling machines high precision. In addition, you will need to purchase certain raw materials, which must meet a whole list of requirements. Almost no one has such capabilities, and those who have them are most likely already engaged in the manufacture and sale of this material.
All experts agree that the installation of such material can be easily done on your own if you follow certain rules.
- Laying bricks should be done exclusively in rows.
- The block should only be laid edge-on to the lock, and not vice versa.
- Laying is carried out in two rows, between which thermal insulation material is laid. These can be either special blocks from a hardware store or ordinary sawdust.
- Every 3 blocks it is necessary to make a transverse bandage to give greater stability and reliability to the elements. This dressing is made of wood, like the masonry itself, and is done on both the inner and outer rows.
Each row of dressing must be shifted by half a brick so that it does not coincide vertically on adjacent rows. This will not only strengthen the structure, but will also allow you to get a beautiful pattern on the front side of the masonry.
Nowadays, new building materials are not so rare on the market.
Various new products are appearing in construction more and more often. The creation of environmentally friendly, relatively inexpensive and reliable materials is the main direction in the activities of builders and inventors. They created wooden bricks.
What is this, wooden brick?
What is he?
Ordinary brick immediately comes to mind, but this building material is similar to ordinary brick only in name and slightly in shape. In fact, the closest “relative” of wooden brick is wooden beams, only smaller in size.
It is rather a wooden block measuring 65 x 19 x 6 cm, on the sides of which there are special locks for fastening.
For its production they use coniferous wood high quality, subjecting it to a number of operations: drying until the moisture content reaches 8 to 10%, mechanical processing of all surfaces of the block, and final grinding.
The result is a product that, in principle, does not require any further finishing. Walls made of sanded wood and without finishing look good, but to protect against precipitation and other influences, it is still wiser to apply some kind of protective coating.
Read also: Construction of brick houses - about material and technology from A to Z
The technology for manufacturing wooden bricks allows the product to be manufactured with other parameters that differ from the standard ones.
Unlike a conventional wooden log house, during the construction of which you need to wait for some time until it dries, shrinks, and then install windows and doors and only then finish it, the use of wooden bricks allows, according to manufacturers, to skip the drying and shrinkage stages.
Given the relatively small size of such a wooden block, it practically does not deform during drying. When building a house from this material, there is no need for expensive construction equipment.
Perhaps the most expensive elements will be rigid structures in the form of pillars and crowns. Of course, we can’t do without them if we don’t want the house to collapse like a house of cards.
Houses made of wooden bricks are free from all the disadvantages that appear in houses built from wood. natural humidity, and there are also environmental advantages over laminated veneer lumber.
Wooden brick has no deformation, shrinkage, or cracks in the walls. Wooden brick has high quality surfaces comparable to furniture quality.
Dry wooden brick has less weight than material with natural moisture. This fact makes it possible to simplify the design of the foundation and seriously reduce the costs of its construction.
The small weight and size of wooden bricks allows for transportation and construction site do not use cranes, forklifts or heavy equipment
So, do wooden bricks have no disadvantages at all?
Alas, of course, this is not the case.
You cannot start construction without a well-developed project, otherwise the walls may simply fall under the influence of loads. It is also not recommended to build multi-storey buildings and large houses from it - such structures will be unstable. Well, if your region has a harsh climate, then wooden bricks simply won’t suit you - the house will turn out to be quite cold.
Many home craftsmen will wonder - is it possible to make such wooden bricks at home?
Experts are quite skeptical about such an initiative. After all, there are many specific and quite high requirements for the material, and even for the product itself, which are very problematic and sometimes even impossible to meet in a home workshop. And the plant has high-precision milling and grinding equipment.
Only allowed by professionals DIY installation wooden bricks, but with mandatory compliance following rules: the brick is laid in a row; compliance with the order is mandatory; the block is laid edgewise on the lock; Both the outer and inner rows require transverse ligation every 3 blocks.
In this case, the dressing material is the same as the one from which the masonry is made; the matching of the dressing with the bricks of the bottom row is not allowed. It must be regularly shifted by 0.5 bricks.
Read also: Installation of decorative facing bricks do it yourself (internal lining)
This is the only way we will get the correct design, a beautiful design and a hollow wall. The gap between external and internal wall used to place thermal insulation in it.
The width of the gap for thermal insulation can vary up to 600 mm, while the consumption of wooden bricks will not increase.
Various types of insulation can be used heat insulating materials, available on the market. Sometimes sawdust is poured into this interval - they retain heat just as well. In general, wooden bricks have more advantages than disadvantages. And, before making such an important and responsible decision - to build a house from wooden bricks, you need to carefully weigh all the pros and cons.
Wooden brick house - video
House made of wooden bricks
Below are other entries on the topic “How to do it yourself for a homeowner!”
Today, no one can be surprised by innovative building materials.
Every year experts release some new product to the market. IN Lately And in the construction industry, everyone is also talking about the need for environmentally friendly products. And the result was not long in coming.
Russian experts have released a relatively inexpensive and at the same time reliable material, which does not harm the environment. This is a wooden brick. It has already been appreciated and is being used in construction.
Wood brick: what is it?
It must be said that this innovation is similar to ordinary brick only in its shape and name. In fact, a “relative” of this product is timber, but with smaller dimensions. By appearance it is a block with dimensions 650x190x60 cm.
For ease of use, special locks are made on the sides of each brick for fastening.
To make wooden bricks, only high-quality coniferous wood is used. During production, it goes through several operations.
First of all, the raw wood is dried until the moisture content reaches 8-12%. Then mechanical processing of all side surfaces is carried out. The final stage is sanding.
The result is a building material that no longer requires any additional finishing work.
This profitable solution. If you build a house from such blocks, you no longer need to finish the facade - it already looks great. It will be enough to apply a layer of wax as protection from the external environment and moisture.
Except standard sizes, they also produce individual wooden bricks. The block can be of any size as desired and necessary.
Benefits of Green Innovation
When this building material was created, the inventor of the product solved most of the problems that arise during construction work on the construction of wooden houses.
So, houses made of wood take several years to make - you need to wait until the structure dries out. Then they wait for it to shrink. Next, doors and windows are installed.
And only after this the builders begin finishing work. Using a new innovative material, you can safely skip the stages of drying and shrinkage. An environmentally friendly building is ready for use immediately after construction.
In addition, wood blocks do not deform during the drying process - they have small dimensions. As a result, the original shape of the blocks is perfectly preserved, and the products themselves are perfectly connected to each other. In this case, you can forget about the gaps - there are none.
Another advantage of this know-how is the low cost of construction if wooden bricks are used. A structure built in this way costs much less due to the absence of the need for expensive equipment for carrying out the work, sealants, cement and sand, as well as the absence of the need for further processing with plaster. The most expensive parts to build will be pillars and crowns.
Naturally, you can build an excellent eco-house without them, but no one wants the building to suddenly collapse. If you want to get a reliable building, then you can use laminated veneer lumber. It is cheaper, and the result is no worse than with a solid pole.
Designers do not limit the overall dimensions of bricks, as is the case when logs or beams are used. Thus, this building material allows you to create even the most unreal and amazing architectural elements on its basis.
And finally, the price of wooden bricks is several times lower than the cost of laminated veneer lumber. This is definitely an important advantage.
Flaws
This material has many advantages.
But potential buyers should be warned about some of the disadvantages that wooden bricks have. In regions with a harsh climate, it is better to build a house from traditional brick - wooden house in this case it will not work. It will be too cold there.
You should not start construction work without a project developed by competent specialists. A house made of such building material, made without a design, can collapse under the influence of even minimal loads.
Wooden bricks: DIY production
Construction professionals, manufacturers and suppliers will unanimously say that this is simply impossible, but nothing is impossible. For production it is necessary to have high-precision milling and grinding machines.
In addition, you need to select raw materials very carefully. Wood for bricks must meet a variety of requirements. If such opportunities exist, then there is nothing complicated.
Masonry rules
There is an opinion among professionals that one cannot cope with the process of laying this building material on one’s own. This is debatable. There are a number of rules that must be followed.
So, the brick must be laid strictly in order. Be sure to follow the order. The block is placed edge-on to the lock.
Transverse ligation is required for external and internal blocks. This is done every three blocks. Moreover, the dressing material should be the same as the masonry itself.
The dressing must not be allowed to coincide with the parts from the bottom row. It should be shifted by 0.5 bricks. This is the only way to get a reliable design made according to all the rules, as well as a beautiful design. natural wood and a hollow wall.
A layer of thermal insulation is placed between the outer and inner walls. In rare cases, you can add sawdust there. They also have excellent heat retention properties.
Where are wooden bricks made?
There are several enterprises in Russia that produce this construction know-how. So, brick is produced in St. Petersburg, in the same place where it was invented. It was in this city that this innovation was created on the basis of the Stankom company.
You can see the first houses in the construction of which the material was used. These buildings are located in Zaozerye, Zaychikhino, and in the village of Harmony. The company produces products under the Woodbrick brand.
Another enterprise is located in Tomsk. Pine products are produced there.
The product is supplied under the brand " Cozy home" This is what these wooden bricks look like. The photo can be seen below. The price of these eco-friendly building materials is significantly lower than that of Woodbrick.
Reviews and prospects
This material has good prospects, however, it is only suitable for low-rise construction. Professionals say that this the material is suitable for those who already have a house and additionally want other buildings on the site.
The second point is the price. Manufacturers are not very willing to share information about them, but the cost of the material varies from “ Cozy home"- 470 dollars per 1 cubic meter, while profiled timber with the same size can be bought for 320 dollars, rounded logs for 240. Stinkom offers grade A products for 860 dollars, and laminated veneer lumber for 600.
There is another problem that wooden bricks have. Reviews indicate a large deviation from tolerances.
The size must be strictly maintained to hundredths of a millimeter, especially on locks. A large number of connecting surfaces can turn a building into a sieve if the gaps are too large. The locks are connected either with serious play or with the help of a hammer.
Wooden bricks: raw technology
Such a wall, in which there are an abundance of gaps and mechanical stresses, will sooner or later crack.
More cracks will appear. There are still a lot of problems in this technology that have not been solved. It hasn't been fully worked out yet.
The advantages that manufacturers talk about in advertising brochures, is still only a wish rather than a reality. Here it is, an innovative wooden brick. Like glass, it can be waterproof only if all installation rules have been followed.
Today, a fairly new, but quite popular material for the construction of residential buildings is wooden brick. This shining example excellent value for money.
The range of building materials has been updated very frequently recently. Manufacturers are trying to take into account the wishes of customers, so more and more environmentally friendly building materials are appearing from which a house can be built.
The cost of production also plays a huge role. In conditions of fierce competition, we have to invent eco-materials according to affordable price. These are the products that are in greatest demand among the general consumer.
Features of wooden bricks
What is called wooden brick resembles a standard building material only in its convenient shape.
Otherwise it's pure wood, which is cut to a special size. That is, to make wooden bricks, a wooden beam is cut, and then it is used for laying walls. In appearance, it is a wooden brick block, but always with special locks with which installation is carried out.
Most often on sale you can find wooden bricks made from softwood.
At the same time, the wood must undergo certain processing, after which the brick becomes so durable that it is ideal for many situations in the construction of houses. It is worth noting that the material is thoroughly dried so that its moisture content is no more than 10%. In addition, the surface must be mechanically treated and thoroughly polished.
The result is an excellent building material that is not only environmentally friendly and durable, but also very convenient to use. Finished walls made from wooden bricks do not require additional processing.
Facade and inner part the walls will look just great. If desired, you can use additional Decoration Materials, but this makes no sense, since the view natural wood always relevant. This is a classic that always looks great.
The peculiarity of wooden bricks is that, if necessary, the buyer can order any format. If required construction project, then you can order from the manufacturer exactly the form that will be most suitable.
Pros and cons of wooden bricks
With the appearance on the market of building materials such as wooden bricks, many craftsmen immediately solved several problems. First of all, it is worth noting that in this case there is no need to wait long time, Bye wooden structure will stand and shrink.
As a rule, when a log house is built, this is exactly what happens. A house made of wooden bricks will not shrink, so you only need to install windows and doors, after which you can begin finishing works. Most often, they are carried out only from the inside, and from the outside, the most that would be appropriate is the use of wax.
Wooden houses made of this material are dry, they are not subject to deformation, so you can immediately move in and live in them. Moreover, such building material is cheaper than many others and does not require the use of special equipment and various additional materials, such as sealants, plaster mixtures.
If a master is going to build a house from wooden bricks with his own hands, he needs to be prepared to purchase rigid pillars that will be the main building. Without them, the house can simply fold up like a card house. Most often, glued laminated timber is used for this, which differs high strength and inexpensive price.
But this option also has several disadvantages - this concerns the fact that the house is not very warm. Therefore, wooden bricks are not suitable for the construction of buildings in harsh climates. In addition, experts do not recommend building large and multi-story houses, since the block-brick may not withstand such a load.
Nevertheless, similar type building materials are widely used in our time, including for the construction of buildings with their own hands. Wooden brick is ideal for the construction of small residential houses and cottages, as well as gazebos, fences, and partitions in the apartment.
What you need to know about working with wooden bricks?
If a master is going to build a house, he needs to draw up a design for the building. Based on this, the type and size of the wooden brick will be selected.
The material can be ordered from professional manufacturers or made by yourself. But the latter option is quite complex and requires special knowledge and equipment. Therefore, it will be much more convenient and cheaper to simply order a suitable brick at the factory.
Working with this material is very simple, but the master must have some knowledge in the field of construction. The brick must be laid correctly, that is, observing all the requirements for working with this material.
When building the walls of a house, it is necessary to lay bricks in rows - this is the most important condition, since without order the wall will not be strong enough.
The blocks must be laid edgewise on the lock. Every three blocks a transverse ligation is needed.
At proper operation and laying wooden bricks between the inner and outer walls will turn out short period. It is suitable for thermal insulation. In the case of wooden bricks, sawdust is the ideal option.
But in any case, even with the most better thermal insulation, such houses turn out to be quite cold. Therefore, it is not recommended to build them very large, especially in those regions where there are severe frosts.
In the vast world of building materials, something new is constantly appearing. Scientists and inventors are working to create new materials and technologies for their use. Brick, concrete, and wood are traditionally used to build houses.
Everywhere you can find buildings built using wooden beam and rounded logs. But many have not even heard of the building material called wooden brick. This new ingenious and simple invention can already be purchased and used for its intended purpose. To do this, you need to know its purpose.
A house made of wooden bricks can be built quickly using special fastening locks.
Invented Russian engineers wooden bricks are a kind of small beams.
They have fastening locks of a special design, which allow you to quickly assemble the walls of buildings in much the same way as children assemble them using wooden construction kit parts. During the manufacturing process, wood bricks are processed to perfect condition. Walls from it can be assembled without the use of any sealants or inter-crown insulation.
Making wooden bricks
To make this building material, high-quality coniferous wood is used. Usually these are larch and cedar, spruce and pine. The main stages of wood brick production are:
Dimensions of standard wooden bricks.
- Drying wood to a moisture content of 8%. Mechanical processing to obtain the ideal shape and smoothness of the product. This material, as well as walls laid with its use, can be additionally treated with wax. This treatment gives the material higher protective properties.
In most cases, individual blocks are produced in strictly defined sizes. Their length is 650, width - 190, height - 68 mm. But they can have other sizes.
The debate among experts about which houses are better - wooden or frame - has been going on for a long time. We will talk about construction technology that successfully implements the main advantages of both types of houses.
Let us remind you that our magazine has covered the technology of building houses from hollow wooden blocks (HWB) more than once. In addition, we have already written about the use of DPB in the construction of a building using combined technologies. Today we bring to the attention of readers an article in which we will remind you what the DPB system is, including factory-made ones, and we will talk about new system wooden element structures (DEK, or “Artidek”) and its capabilities, which greatly simplify the process of creating walls, ceilings and even roofs, using the example of building a house with total area 179 m2 by Construction Concepts company.
Foundation for a house made of wooden blocks
The foundation of the house in question is pile-grillage, topped with a monolithic slab. To install it, holes with a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 180 cm were drilled in the ground in increments of 90 ± 150 cm (depending on the load) and reinforcement cages were placed in them, which were then filled with class B15 concrete. Next, standard formwork was installed along the future grillage strips, a reinforcement frame was created in it, and, using concrete of the same class, strips of different widths were cast: 500 mm ± for external walls, 400 mm ± for internal walls and 300 mm ± for the porch. The height of the tapes is the same everywhere (400 mm). When the concrete hardened, the formwork was removed from “inside the house”, the space between the tapes was filled first with soil, and then with sand, and it was thoroughly compacted. Slabs of extruded polystyrene foam 50 mm thick were laid on the sand and covered with plastic film. Next, we created a two-layer frame for the future slab and, using concrete of the same class as before, cast the slab itself, 150 mm thick. On the resulting foundation, the builders erected the box of the house, combining four materials: foam concrete blocks, monolithic concrete, elements of the DPB and DEK systems. But before we talk about this process, let's figure out what both systems of building structures are.
Technology for building houses from hollow wooden blocks (HBB)
pros: Construction from wooden blocks, in our opinion, has the following advantages:
- the low weight of the elements (a 6 m long wall block weighs 35 kg) makes it possible to abandon the use of a crane and other heavy equipment;
- high factory readiness of elements, which determines both the speed of installation of structures and high degree their readiness for applying the finishing coating;
- Possibility of combining with others construction technologies;
- environmental friendliness of the materials used;
- absence of expensive membranes and films;
- vapor permeability of enclosing structures, which allows you to create the same microclimate in a house made of DEC as in a log house;
- high heat saving rates: if you use DEC with a width of 540 mm, then with an ecowool layer thickness of 450 mm, the enclosing contour of the house will have a calculated heat transfer resistance R0 = 11.8 m 2 *°C/W, which corresponds to the standards for a passive house.
Minuses: The technology in question has at least three disadvantages:
- some non-standard and unusual design;
- its reliability has not been tested by time;
- limited scope of application only to low-rise construction.
True, the first two shortcomings, as a rule, cease to be such over time.
1. Multilayer walls made of foam blocks - a 100-mm layer of sealant is sandwiched between walls 100 and 200 mm thick.
2. Using standard formwork, the builders cast concrete columns at the corners of the verandas, and then the crossbars connecting them to the walls. Next, using adjustable metal posts and standard wooden I-beams, a floor plane was created, on which a flooring of 18 mm thick waterproof laminated plywood was laid.
3, 4. A frame of frame beams was laid on top of the walls, and a two-layer frame for monolithic slab(3) and reinforcing beams with a cross section of 250? 250 mm (the frame and beams rise above the slab reinforcement), and then, using class B15 concrete, the floor (4) was cast.
5. Brick exterior chimney based on monolithic ceiling first floor.
6. On the slab along the perimeter of the future walls, “paths” 250 mm wide and 30 mm high were cast from cement-sand mortar and waterproofing strips were laid on them. The first row of DPB blocks was laid directly on the waterproofing layer and attached to the concrete with long anchor bolts. Each subsequent row of blocks was fixed to the previous one with capillary screws 250 mm long.
7. The building wooden blocks in the places where they were joined along the length were pulled together with polyester tape, which covered the embedded elements of the blocks being joined together. The gaps between the “stone” and wooden elements were filled with polyurethane foam so that it did not have to be trimmed.
8. When assembling walls using the DPB system, one of the corner blocks is installed first in place and the wall blocks are docked to its ends. Then the corner and wall blocks are pulled together using a special machine with packing tape, after which they are attached to the backing board or underlying blocks with cap screws installed in advance drilled holes. In this case, their heads are recessed into the body of the block, and the recess above the head is filled with polyurethane foam.
9, 10. You can reduce the airflow of horizontal joints in two ways: using, firstly, mounting foam (9), for which one worker tilts the still unsecured block, and the other fills the gap with foam, and secondly, the PSUL sealant, which is inserted into the central longitudinal groove of each of the side lamellas (boards) of the block (10). This option is more expensive, but more reliable.
11. Wall blocks, intended for corner areas, are supplied with already sawed edges gusset the ends of the lamellas. When assembling, all that remains is to tighten the two blocks forming the corner with clamps, and then, in a certain order, insert pieces of bars with a cross-section of 45 x 90 mm into the internal space of the blocks and attach them to the side boards with self-tapping screws.
12,13. Zkovat (12) was blown into the wall cavity. In the grooves at the ends of the blocks forming window openings, inserted casing bars and attached jute strips (13) to the lamellas.
14. Work on the construction of the roof began by installing a ridge beam, and along the “stone” walls there was a glued triangular mauerlat, securing it with screw studs. Each DEC element was attached with self-tapping screws, first to the ridge, then to the Mauerlat.
15,16. To prevent the roofing elements from moving horizontally, they were tied together with polyester tape (15). The DEKs forming the roof outlets were secured to the cavity dowels inserted into the structures, and then filled with the collected sloping wool (16). 17.18. Along the slopes, with a pitch of 600 mm, a “perforated” counter-lattice (made of 40*40 mm bars) was nailed, which determined the height (80 mm) of the ventilated gap, and a flooring of OSB boards (17) was created on top. A continuous waterproofing carpet was created on the slopes; at the top of the roof, between the OSB flooring slabs, a gap (18) was left; it will be covered by a ventilated ridge created using construction methods.
19. The builders paid special attention to tightness roofing structure. They missed bitumen mastic joints of OSB boards and sealed the junction of roof ventilation elements to the flooring.
20-22. The walls were leveled from the inside using plaster (20). The gaps at the junction of the wooden elements with the “stone” and with each other were filled with foam (21). Internal partitions erected from tongue-and-groove slabs 80 mm thick (22)
23. Walls enclosing staircase, erected two tongue-and-groove blocks thick.
24. Electric installation work carried out after completion of general construction and finishing works.
25. The outside walls were plastered, and then applied on top decorative coating"under a fur coat"
We are building a house
Now that we have dealt with the DPB and DEK systems, let’s return to the story about construction, most of which is illustrated with photographs with captions. The box of the house was built according to combined technology. The walls of the first floor, as well as partly in the attic, were built from foam blocks and made multi-layered to preserve heat in the rooms: a layer of mineral wool insulation was placed between the thin outer wall and the load-bearing inner wall. Every two rows the masonry was reinforced metal mesh. The first floor was crowned with a monolithic ceiling. For the walls of the second floor (more precisely, for the gables of the house), hollow wall blocks of the DPB system were used (with the exception of corner blocks).
The roof was assembled using roofing elements DEK system, which made it possible to install it in just two working days. Agree, such a high installation speed is another compelling argument in favor of this technology.
It should be noted that roofing elements of the DEK system can be laid not only on “ stone walls", topped with a special triangular Mauerlat (as in the construction of this house), but also those assembled from wall elements of the DEK or DPB system, for which a special docking unit is created in the lower part of the DEK roofing elements even during their manufacture.
How was DEK insulated?
Methods for insulating structures assembled from hollow blocks were improved along with them. So, initially, walls assembled from DPB were insulated with nothing more than air. Today, the authors of the technology have come to the conclusion that there is simply no better material for insulating DEC than ecowool. What explains this?
Ecowool consists mainly of short cellulose fibers with a 12% fire retardant additive ( boric acid), which makes it possible to classify the material as moderately flammable (flammability group ± G2), and with 7% ± antiseptic (borax and borates), which, by the way, protects not only the material itself, but also those in contact with it from rotting wooden surfaces, and also prevents rodents from making nests in it. Ecowool is made from waste paper without synthetic binders, so it is environmentally friendly, does not cause allergies and is quite cheap (from 1800 rubles per 1 m 3).
The fibrous structure gives the material remarkable qualities. Its thermal conductivity is ± 0.032+ 0.038 W/(m °C), which is not much less than the best mineral wool. Vapor permeability and soundproofing properties± high, but air permeability, on the contrary, is small. It is these properties that allow the constructed building to breathe, just like a house made of solid wood (logs, beams, etc.). It is also useful that, having absorbed even 20% of water (by volume), the material almost does not reduce its thermal insulation characteristics. Even if you wet it through, when it dries, it will completely restore its thermal insulation properties.
The disadvantage of ecowool is the same as that of all insulation materials - the inability to withstand mechanical loads, therefore it must be placed between two rigid structural elements (which is exactly what is ensured in the construction option using DEC). But how to place it in the resulting cavities? This can easily be done using mobile spraying units, in which the material is first fluffed up and then delivered to the desired location with a stream of air. flexible hose. At the same time, ecowool penetrates into all the cracks, covering the structure with a continuous carpet. During operation, it hardly settles, which is what is required in this case. The density of the applied material depends on the pressure of the air supplied with it, and depending on the area of application, it can be changed from 30 to 70 kg per 1 m 3.
About communications
An undoubted advantage of installing load-bearing structures from hollow blocks is the ability to make communications invisible. In this case, it is best to lay electrical cables at the stage of erecting walls, ceilings and roofs before filling them with ecowool.