Electric heating of the house - which is better: boilers or air convectors. Heat bills won't scare you anymore! What is the most economical way to heat a house? How to heat a house with electricity

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It is known that the gas system is considered the most inexpensive heating option. But there are situations when it is not possible to use it, for example, if there is no gas main nearby. In this case, it is recommended to heat the house with electricity. The most economical method can be selected by analyzing all the options available. This is what we will do in this review.

Why you should choose heating your home with electricity: the most economical way

The electric heating system has the following advantages:

Options for electric heating of a private house

Such a heating scheme involves the use of various types of equipment.

Boiler application

Selecting IR panels

When determining how to heat a house economically with electricity, you can consider the option of installing infrared structures. Such products do not warm up the air inside the rooms, but various items. If in the version with a boiler the air masses move upward and then cool, then in this case the hot flows are directed to the floor.


If you add thermostats to IR devices, they will work more efficiently. One controller is enough to control three heaters. This equipment is economical to use, but expensive in terms of installation and construction costs. IR devices consume a small amount of electricity. In addition, they efficiently distribute heat. They can perform spot and zone heating. Even after the structure is turned off, objects emit heat for a long time.

You can install such equipment yourself. The infrared system is used both as the main type of fuel and as an additional one. The advantages of this option include a long service life, up to 80 years.

Heating a house with electricity is also done using infrared. This is an economical and effective remedy. This design is not afraid of unexpected power surges and does not break due to minor damage. Such a device can be installed under various floor coverings except parquet. Infrared rays Only solid objects are heated, so when the floor is heated, the elements themselves do not heat up.

Expert's point of view

Andrey Starpovsky

Head of the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Group, GRAST LLC

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“Infrared heaters can be placed anywhere. They are installed on the floor, on the ceiling, or even behind some objects.”

Advantages of convectors

When choosing the most economical electric heating without a boiler, it is worth exploring the capabilities of convectors. According to the manufacturers, it efficiently heats the space and at the same time consumes a small amount of electricity. The main advantage of the device is that its installation is simple.

It takes about two minutes to warm up the heating element, which is much faster than when heating with water devices. The advantages of such structures include:

  • low cost of equipment;
  • fire safety;
  • The heating system can not be completed immediately, purchasing additional radiators as needed;
  • modern design;
  • uninterrupted operation even with sudden voltage changes;
  • small sizes.

This method maintains the desired humidity ratio in the room and does not destroy oxygen. Excellent technical properties and excellent power indicators make it possible to use electric convectors for heating both large and small private houses.

The main element of the design is the heating element, which converts electrical energy into heat. The operating principle is air convection. In this case, the cooled flows penetrate the slots in the lower part of the housing and then exit through the upper openings. The convector can operate separately or in a system controlled by a temperature controller.

Helpful information! To create a more economical installation, use a temperature controller.

Which option is better not to choose?

When choosing the most economical way to heat your home, it is worth exploring the options that you should not buy. An expensive option is an oil cooler. It has increased power, but when operating in winter it consumes a lot of electricity. Despite the significant power, such products have low heating efficiency. Interestingly, IR panels of the same power will heat the space in the house faster. Low-efficiency devices include fan heaters. They reduce oxygen, make noise and move dust.

How to increase the efficiency of electric boilers for heating a private home: prices and methods

To get the most economical method, heating your home with electricity must be properly organized. The efficiency of the entire structure can be reduced as a result of poor thermal insulation. Various gaps, cracks and imperfections in the windows contribute to the rapid cooling of the rooms.

If no one is home all day, you may not need to heat the house all day. In such a situation, you can install a special controller that will start the heating system several hours before the residents arrive. Two hours is enough to fully warm up the rooms.

Of great importance is a skillfully designed heating system design, taking into account the location of the heaters and power. A good solution is to install a multi-tariff meter. This device allows you to save electricity at night, when the heater will work.

To get a cheap home heating system with electricity, you need to choose the right equipment and calculate the location of all devices.

Article

Efficient home heating system.

The costs of maintaining a home for private homeowners are already quite high. That is why the question of what is cheaper to heat a house is so popular, the answer to which will save your budget.

Why is it profitable to heat your home yourself?

In terms of heating, owners of country houses are luckier than city residents. After all, cottage owners can turn on the heating in their home at any time of the year, since they do not depend on a centralized heating system. Other advantages and benefits include:

  • the ability to turn on the heating in the house at those moments when it is necessary.
  • the ability to adjust the temperature to the desired level.
  • the ability to independently select a heating option ( solid fuel, electricity, gas).

However, here it arises main question– how to heat a house economically and which heating method is considered the most profitable? This is what we have to figure out.

What is the best way to heat a house - how to decide?

To understand how to heat a house inexpensively, you need to answer several important questions:

  • Will you live in the house full time or only for a few seasons a year?
  • To you quality is more important heating or financial side question?
  • How much can you spend on equipping all the necessary systems?

Important: no one will give a universal answer to the question of how to heat a house economically. It all depends on various factors: prices for energy resources and fuel, costs of purchasing and installing equipment and a number of other factors. However, once you familiarize yourself with the heating options, making a choice will be much easier.

Stove heating and its features

The stove is considered the most profitable heating method.

When considering options for how it is profitable to heat a private house, one cannot fail to mention stove heating, which has not lost its relevance over many years. Installing a stove in a house is a difficult job, so it should only be trusted to professional specialists. However correct installation oven is a guarantee of its long-term operation.

The stove is heated with wood or coal, and therefore you should stock up on “fuel” in advance so that it lasts for a long time. Dry logs provide a lot of heat durum varieties trees, which include beech and oak. Damp pine also burns normally, but it will provide little heat in the house.

The main thing to remember is that the stove requires maintenance. So, you cannot do without cleaning the chimney and constantly removing ash.

To keep the rooms always warm, you need to constantly add firewood, while observing all necessary measures security. Otherwise, a fire cannot be avoided.

To reduce the risk of fire hazards, it is better to line the floor near the stove with iron, but it is not recommended to line it with parquet boards or linoleum. If a spark hits such a floor covering, a fire may occur.

Heating with a fireplace: is it profitable?

Fireplace heating is similar to stove heating, but has some differences: it will not be possible to heat a house effectively in this way. A fireplace is most often installed only for beauty, since its heat is enough to warm up the room where it is installed.

We can’t talk about savings here either. If you are wondering what is more profitable to heat your house, we can safely say that it is not with the help of a fireplace. Despite the fact that the fireplace runs on wood or coal, it consumes a lot of “fuel” but produces almost no heat. Therefore, it should only be installed in conjunction with some other type heating equipment– so to speak, for the soul.

Water heating system

A water heating system will allow you to heat your house profitably.

Today they are increasingly saying that a fairly popular method is to heat a house efficiently using a water heating system. However, here we should immediately make a reservation - the heating bill itself may be small, but you will have to spend money on installing equipment, laying pipes, installing batteries, a tank and a pump. In addition, the cost of heating directly depends on the equipment.

To do this, you need to understand how the system works. So, there must be a boiler with the function of heating water, which then goes through pipes and enters. After some time, the water cools down and goes back to the boiler, where it is heated again. This system works in a vicious circle. In some cases, you cannot do without a special pump when supplying liquid on a forced basis.

Many people are interested in how it is more economical to heat a house with a water heating system, because it is known that it can work on various energy sources. That is why equipment is usually divided into:

  • electric boilers;
  • gas equipment;
  • solid fuel boilers.

When answering the question of how to economically heat a house, it is worth focusing on gas and solid fuel boilers, since the cost of “fuel” in this case is quite acceptable. Electric boilers can be quite expensive due to the cost of electricity.

Using heaters for heating

Modern heaters are a very effective and safe method of heating rooms. Especially if people live in the house not all the time, but several seasons a year. The most advantageous option is the use of oil radiators, which store heat for a long time and consume a small amount of energy.

Thus, to determine which type of heating is best for you, you must first study all the available options, weighing their advantages and disadvantages, the economic costs of installation and operation. Don’t forget to choose a heating option based on the time you spend in the country house. After all, if you live at the dacha only in the summer, a fireplace and stove will be enough, but if you live there in the winter, you cannot do without a high-quality heating system.

It is possible to provide a cheap and efficient heating system. The electric convector is built on the principle of natural air circulation. Warm air moves upward from the heater, thus stimulating the movement of air inside the room and ensuring uniform heating. However, a convector is effective only in warm climates, when the temperature does not fall below 10-15 degrees.

pros

  • No forced air blowing. Even in clean house there are solid particles that lie on surfaces. When warm air is artificially blown out of a heater, this dust becomes part of the air we breathe. Natural circulation air is not so active, so dust does not rise into the air.
  • Small size with sufficient power. The heating elements of convectors heat up quickly, converting electricity into heat with an efficiency of up to 80%. In addition, there is a system of operation in different modes, as well as thermostats that allow operation not constantly, but only when the air temperature drops.
  • Mobility, allowing you to move the convector around the room, to places with maximum cold flow.
  • The possibility of creating a heating system exclusively using convectors or using them as part of a more complex heating system.
  • The electric heating element does not heat up more than 100 degrees, and the body - 60 degrees. They have an increased level of protection from moisture, which allows the convector to be used in the kitchen and bathrooms.

Minuses

  • Cons electric convectors is to install heaters in every room of the house.
  • In addition, if you turn them on at the same time, there is a possibility of exceeding the permissible power limits.

However, the disadvantages can be turned into advantages by installing a relay for turning on the heaters one by one. The relay will allow you to create a stable temperature in the house, reduce energy costs and remain within the permissible power limits. There is another argument in favor of a system of convectors - they will not all fail at once. Replacing one or two appliances without losing heat is not difficult.

The photo shows an electric convector from Nobo, Norway

Method 2 - tubular electric heaters

They transfer heat from a tubular electric heater to a liquid-based coolant. Typically, water and oil are used as a coolant, sometimes antifreeze. The design principle of heaters is the same as that of electric kettles, which is why they are also called heaters and oil radiators. In fact, it is a boiler placed in a vessel with water. The efficiency of such devices is quite high, and heat loss for heating is minimal.

pros

  • The undoubted advantages of tubular heaters include their safety, operational reliability and versatility of use.
  • Can be used in both gaseous and liquid media.
  • Not explosive, and not afraid of vibrations and shocks.
  • Tubular heaters are available in a variety of design solutions, which allows you to economically heat a private house with electricity without disturbing the aesthetics of the interior.

Minuses

Heating heating elements have a high cost due to the expensive metals that are used in production. Since scale forms on the tubes, it is necessary.

A tubular radiator is a thin-walled metal tube with a spiral inside, so if you do not need particularly high temperatures, then you need to take a heater with carbon steel tubes. If the device must produce a consistently high temperature or operate in an aggressive environment, then you need to take a device made of stainless steel.


The photo shows a tubular electric heater made by yourself

Method 3 - heated floor

As the only heating source, it is chosen to free up usable area, i.e. arrange heating without using radiators. In addition, uniform distribution of heat in the room helps reduce dust in the air. I recommend buying electric floors in the form of heating mats - this will greatly simplify installation.

Method 4 - electric boiler with heating element

Their popularity is determined by their safety, low cost and reliability. Most consumers opt for heating element boilers - they are much cheaper than electrode and induction boilers, and they are easy to maintain.

However, due to the use of a thermoelectric heater (TEH), such heating cannot be called the most economical. In addition, before purchasing, I recommend checking the operating mode of the local electrical networks - perhaps the networks will not cope with the load you need and the purchase will be in vain.


The photo shows an electric boiler KOSPEL, Poland

Method 5 - induction boiler

This is a transformer with two types of winding. The resulting eddy currents follow the short-circuited loop, which is the boiler body. The secondary winding receives energy, which is converted into heat, heating the coolant.

Induction boilers heat your home quickly, can operate at low voltage, and have no parts that can fail. The efficiency of such a boiler is almost 100% and does not depend on the service life.


The photo shows an induction boiler EPO Evan 9.5 kW, Russia

Method 6 - electrode boiler

Inside there are electrodes that act as a heating element. When current passes through a liquid, heat is generated. This means that in electrode boilers there is no actual heating element on which scale could form. The absence of scale will greatly facilitate operation.

Electrode boilers are highly reliable and operate much longer than tubular heaters. In addition, they are small in size, which is very convenient for a small residential building. The disadvantages include high requirements for the liquid used as a coolant. Water must undergo special treatment. Often, antifreeze must be exclusive - from the developer of the device.


The photo shows an electrode boiler Galan, Russia

Method 7 - infrared heaters (the most economical)

Infrared heaters are considered the most economical of all types of electric heaters. They do not need heating elements and water pipes. Infrared heaters heat objects, not the room. Then the heated objects heat up the air. If an electric boiler can be compared to a kettle, then an infrared boiler can be compared to a microwave oven.

Infrared panels are especially popular. They are installed on the ceiling or walls of residential and production premises. Since the heating area is increased, the room becomes warmer faster than usual. Such a panel can be used as an independent heating source or as an addition to existing system. The infrared heater goes well with electrode boilers. For example, an infrared heater can only be turned on in spring and autumn, when it is too early to turn on the main heating, or when it suddenly gets cold outside.


On the picture infrared panel GROHE, Germany

conclusions

  1. It is generally accepted that heating a house with electricity is not cheap. This is certainly true if we mean only payment according to tariffs. However, to the price of heating you need to add the cost of the equipment, as well as the costs of its maintenance and repair.
  2. If you compare bills for electricity, firewood, coal, pipes, boilers and other equipment, you can come to the conclusion that private heating with electricity is cheaper than stoves and other systems alternative to gas heating.
  3. In addition to money, there is another argument in favor of electric heating - it saves time: turn it on, leave and forget. The only downside is a sudden power outage.

Below watch the video about how we managed to do it cheap heating electricity of a large private house.

We calculated the cost of obtaining 1 kWh of heat from various types of fuel, as well as the costs for the entire heating season, plus payback periods heating systems.

It is generally accepted that the most profitable heating option is main gas. But not everyone can say exactly how quickly its connection will pay for itself, even if gas pipe has already been laid along the border of your site. Therefore, the question “what is cheaper to heat a house” will be very relevant. To answer this, we have prepared two tables and a chart. The first table contains information on the cost of obtaining 1 kWh of heat from various types of fuel at prices at the beginning of 2016. The diagram shows fuel costs for one heating season. And in the second table - the payback period of heating systems in comparison with an electric boiler.

Table of the cost of obtaining thermal energy for heating from various types of fuel

Type of fuel Price per unit, rub. Cost of heat received per 1 kWh, rub. Typical efficiency of boilers (furnaces), % Cost of heat received per 1 kWh taking into account efficiency, rub.
Eco-pea coal, kg. 3 0,39 0,8 0,48
Main gas, cubic meters 5,04 0,54 0,9 0,60
Dry pine firewood (20%), kg. 3,9 0,99 0,7 1,41
Air-to-water heat pump, kW.** 1,1 1,10 1,10
Pellets, kg. 6 1,26 0,8 1,57
Firewood natural humidity, coniferous (40%), kg.* 3 1,33 0,7 1,90
Liquefied gas, l. 15,3 2,71 0,9 3,01
Diesel fuel, l. 29 2,86 0,85 3,37
Electricity (day/night)*** 4,11 4,11 4,11

* - taking into account the density of folded chopped wood and the density of the wood itself
** — taking into account efficiency at average temperatures around -5° C, which corresponds to winter near Moscow
***—the average value of tariffs for Moscow Region is taken in proportions of 2/1.

The data in the table is sorted by cost of heat produced when burning each type of fuel, converted to kWh. We deliberately did not sort the list based on boiler efficiency, since there may be variations here. Although the bulk of high-quality boilers for various fuels have an efficiency of 80%. We will also leave aside issues of ease of use of a particular type of fuel. Of course, the most problem-free options here will be electricity, a heat pump, as well as main gas, albeit to a lesser extent. In other cases there will be more trouble.

Next we will calculate heating season cost for the Moscow Region, based on a house with an area of ​​100 m2 insulated according to SNiP. Conventionally, we will assume that it is necessary to actively heat from approximately November to March (150 days a year). Moreover, with an average temperature difference of 25 degrees (we take the average temperature of all five months as -4°C), the total heat loss will be approximately 2.3 kW. Those. You need to spend 55.2 kWh per day to heat such a house. For a season – ~8280 kWh.

Costs per heating season for different types of fuel for an insulated house of 100 m2

The most profitable types of fuel are coal and gas. The most expensive is electricity.

Now let's count payback periods for heating systems for different types of fuel. Let's assume that the house has water heating with an electric boiler with a power of 9 kW (15 thousand rubles). Let's take this as a basic option. To switch to main gas, you need to replace the boiler (15 thousand rubles), install a chimney (30 thousand rubles) and connect to the main line (from 50 to 400 thousand rubles, for calculations we used 200 thousand). To switch to coal, firewood or pellets, you also need to install a chimney and replace the boiler with an appropriate one (40 thousand rubles for a regular one and ~80 thousand for a boiler with automatic feed), plus prepare a storage room. For liquefied gas, among other things, you will need a gas tank with an installation (190 thousand rubles). And for a heat pump – the system itself with installation (~350 thousand rubles). In this case, we will assume that the owner then carries out the removal of ash and maintenance of the systems independently.

Payback period of various heating systems in comparison with an electric boiler

Everyone should draw conclusions from this table themselves in accordance with their needs and capabilities. Let's just say that for houses larger area, than we took into account, heating with electricity is not applicable, since electric boilers with a power of 10 kW or more already require connection to a three-phase 380 V network. Also, payback calculations will be slightly different for houses with an area of ​​more than 200 m 2.

Important note! All calculations in the article are given without taking into account ventilation losses, which for one reason or another are usually absent in small country houses. If we follow SNiP in this matter, when the air in the room of the configuration in question must be renewed approximately once an hour, then heating costs should approximately triple! But in practice, ventilation, if not forgotten about, is ensured supply valves and vents, which ultimately can increase the costs shown in the diagram by 1.5 times. Accordingly, this will lead to a decrease in the payback period in the table.

Electric home heating is a set of devices designed to heat a room using electricity (electric boilers, heaters, heated floors and other products). The advantage of this method is accessibility, reliability and high efficiency.

What types of electric heating exist, and what are their features? Which type is recommended to be preferred? How much will it cost? We will consider these and other questions in the article.

Feasibility of use, what to pay attention to

Using electricity to heat a home, office or apartment is relevant if you have money to pay for the consumed electricity. In terms of costs, gas heating is cheaper (not in all countries). Therefore, when choosing between gas and electricity, preference is most often given to the first option.

But what to do when gas is not supplied to the house? Electric heating comes to the rescue here, because light is supplied almost everywhere.

For safe operation of electric heating, it is recommended to make a 3-phase input and connect the load evenly. If only one of the phases is used, you will have to change the wiring in the house and solve problems with replacing circuit breakers at the entrance.

The cost issue is resolved by installation. Its peculiarity is to record energy consumption in different time days for calculation at various tariffs.

For example, at night the cost of electricity is lowest. This time can be used to heat the living space. The rest of the day, it is recommended to use other types of heating, for example, a solid fuel boiler.

Another option is possible. In the presence of water heating, a heat storage tank is used, which accumulates heat at a minimum tariff for light, and releases it during periods of peak loads and maximum prices.

To preserve heat and save electricity, it is important to cover the house with foam plastic. This method is also relevant for other heating methods.

Types of electric heating - types, application features

Today there is a huge selection of electric heating devices. Let's look at the available options:

  1. ELECTRIC BOILERS. Here the coolant plays the main role, and the unit itself is built on the convective function. used for heating houses and apartments. The advantages include safety of use, high efficiency and ease of use. Among the disadvantages is the complexity of the design, which requires professional installation, as well as problems with repair in the event of equipment failure. It is important to note the high energy consumption and cost of electricity. Additional disadvantages of heating devices are power limitations and other difficulties.
  2. ELECTRIC CONVECTORS(air heating). Such electric heating systems are actively used in retail outlets and offices with a small area. The equipment quickly heats the room, but due to its low power, several devices will be required for use in an apartment or house. It is not used as the main type of heating due to low efficiency. During operation, drafts and areas with poor heating are formed. The main advantage is low electricity costs and ease of maintenance. Read more on the topic here.
  3. ELECTRIC HEATED FLOORS. There may be regular and . Such heating systems are used in the form additional heating. They provide heated flooring and guarantee comfort. Application as a single system is irrelevant. To heat the room, the surface temperature must be very high, so walking on such a surface with bare feet will not be comfortable. Besides, " lion's share» heat goes down, which reduces efficiency.
  4. INFRARED HEATERS. At correct use Electric heating of this type can be used as the main heating source. The designs vary in design and are used for mounting on the ceiling, walls or flooring. The advantages are ease of installation and maintenance, but their disadvantages are action in a certain area and uneven heating of the room. For more information about follow the link.
  5. ELECTRICAL DEVICES— heat fans, oil fans, heat guns. Such devices play an auxiliary function and are not used as the main source of heating. With their help it is easy to heat a small room. It will not be possible to provide heating for the entire house or apartment. Disadvantages - inability to work automatically, dry air and other problems.
  6. COMBINATION BOILERS. They operate on different types of fuel. Seven out of ten heaters on the market have electric heating elements. There are two types - standard and universal. Combination boilers are actively used in country houses where there is no gas supply or there are interruptions in the supply of electrical energy. Features include the ability to connect a group of circuits, efficiency, absence of failures in the operation of the heating system, the possibility of programming and modernization. Combination boilers are available for gas and electricity, wood and gas, wood and electricity. Multi-fuel units are also highlighted.

We will consider the features of each type of boiler in more detail below.

What type of heating is best

When choosing the appropriate option, it is important to focus on the type of building that needs heating. Note that there are no ideal electric heating systems for all occasions. Such issues are resolved individually and taking into account operating conditions.

  1. At permanent residence Water heating is suitable in the house. A special feature is the need to monitor work daily.
  2. For country houses of the dacha type with periodic visits, it is enough air heating. It turns on for short periods of time to warm the premises to the required temperature.
  3. Warm floors are used as an additional heat source. Used to increase comfort and maintain temperature at an optimal level. Sometimes used as the main source of heat, but in exceptional cases.

The main thing is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages decision taken, and then implement your plans.

Electric boilers for water heating

The main device in the electric heating system of a house or apartment is usually a boiler. It comes in three types - with heating elements, electrode or induction. The owner has the right to choose any of the options.

The principle of operation is identical in all cases - the use of electrical energy to heat water. Each type has individual characteristics, which require separate consideration.

Induction boilers

Scientists have noticed that under the influence magnetic field the object heats up. Induction type boilers have been developed on this principle. They are a coil that passes large currents through itself.

Water passes through the zone of action of the induction field, is heated, and then sent to the system.

The electric boiler includes a starting relay, a thermostat, pressure relief valves for coolant and air, capacitors, a thermomanometer and contacts for switching additional products (for example, air sensors).

Advantages of induction boilers:

  1. Heat is generated directly in the coolant. This guarantees minimal losses. Manufacturers of such equipment note minimal electricity consumption (especially when compared with boilers equipped with standard heating elements). The use of induction boilers allows you to save up to 25-30 percent of electricity.
  2. Reduced energy costs due to lack of inertia. After switching on, an induction field immediately appears, and the water is heated to the required temperature. From the moment it is turned off, the liquid stops heating.
  3. No deposits form on the surface of the heating element. This is due to the loyal heating mode of the main element. In addition, constant vibration eliminates core vibration.
  4. Compactness. Induction boilers are significantly smaller than conventional devices.
  5. Service life is up to 30 years. During the entire period of use, the device does not require repair or replacement of elements.
  6. The materials used in the manufacture of induction boilers are: High Quality, which allows the use of an electric heating element with different coolants.

Among the disadvantages of the products, it is worth highlighting the high cost and the need to control the thermal fluid. Automatic checking is not possible, so all checks are done manually.

If you ignore this requirement, there is a high risk of the coil overheating and the housing melting.

Generally induction boilers have high reliability and efficiency.

Popular models.

Induction boiler VIN-3

A vortex heating device used to heat water and use it for technical needs, as well as heating various rooms.

The main coolant is water, which heats up to 95 degrees Celsius in operating mode. Power - from 3 to 80 kW. Efficiency - 99.8%.

The product has a size of 62*13.3 cm. The optimal heating area is from 30 to 40 square meters.

According to the manufacturer, antifreeze is allowed to be used as a coolant.

VIN-7

The device has a power of 7 kW, which allows you to heat a room with an area of ​​up to 90 square meters. Structurally, the product consists of a transformer, the secondary winding of which is a pipe.

The manufacturer correctly calculated the parameters to avoid overheating of the boiler elements even during prolonged operation. The resource of the heating device is limited by the service life of the coil wires.

The product is characterized by high efficiency (98%), fire resistance, service life of up to 30 years and energy savings (up to 50%). During operation, the appearance of scale is excluded.

The basic package includes the unit itself, a temperature sensor, safety elements, a remote control and a passport.

VIN-7 in VIP configuration

The electric heating device has a power of 7 kW and is installed on the wall. Features - efficiency 98%, use of water as a coolant. Dimensions: width 13.3 cm, height 72 cm.

Heating elements new electric boilers

This simplest type boilers with electric heater tubular type (heating element). The device is made using special material, highlighting thermal energy when current passes.

The main element is hidden in an electrically insulating tube, and the gap between the heater and the outer part is filled with sand. This guarantees better transfer of thermal energy from the coil to the housing. Water enters the boiler, where it is heated using a heating element.

Advantages - affordable price and the possibility of replacing the heating element. To increase the efficiency of boilers, it is important to pay attention to the availability of the following options - electronic control and power regulation.

Such devices are more economical, but also have a higher price. The advantage of improved products is lower energy consumption due to the connection of the required number of heaters.

The disadvantages of an electric boiler with a heating element are low efficiency, heat loss and large dimensions.

An important nuance is the need to use a closed system. This is due to the risk of deposits appearing on the surface of the heating element.

If the same liquid circulates in the system, the plaque has nowhere to come from. Application of the system open type requires periodic replacement of the heating element. To protect the system, it is better to use distilled water. In this case, the risk of deposits is minimal.

Let us highlight several models of heating element boilers:


Electrode boilers

Electrode boilers operate on the principle of electrolysis. Ions generate heat when moving near the electrode.

An alternating voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz is connected to the electrodes, which ensures a change in polarity from positive to negative 50 times within one second. As a result, heating occurs constantly, and heat is dispersed throughout the system.

The advantage of electrode boilers is the simultaneous heating of all the liquid inside the heater container, which ensures maximum operating efficiency. By quickly reaching the desired temperature, heating costs are reduced (electricity savings reach 40%).

Electrode boilers are compact in size, low in price and easy to install. If there is no coolant, the electric heating system will not fail - it simply stops functioning.

As soon as the water is supplied, the electric heating operates in standard mode. The electrode boiler can be left unattended and not worry about its safety.

But there are also disadvantages. The current passes directly through the coolant, so in the event of a breakdown metal elements heating systems may become energized. It is important to reduce risk.

An equally important point is the composition of the coolant, which must contain the required volume of salts. A separate requirement is imposed on radiators - they must be made of bimetal or aluminum.

Additional disadvantages include:

  • Ability to work with closed systems.
  • Maximum water heating up to 75 degrees Celsius (otherwise electricity consumption increases).
  • The use of low quality coolant leads to breakdown of the electrodes. The advantage is that they are inexpensive, and the replacement process itself takes a few minutes.

The considered disadvantages relate more to the nuances of operation and installation of equipment and should be taken into account during the installation process.

Many people use such boilers to heat private homes. The main thing is to follow these recommendations and achieve correct composition water.

Let's consider several models of electrode boilers:


Combination boilers

Combination boilers are devices for space heating that can operate on different types of fuel. The transition can be carried out at any time at the request of the owner.

To switch to another fuel, use a different firebox or install suitable type burners.

Boiler combined type, as a rule, is used in country houses with interruptions in gas or electricity supply. Such products can operate with the following fuel combinations:

  1. Solid fuel, gas.
  2. Solid fuel, electricity.
  3. Diesel, gas.
  4. Gas, wood, electricity.

There are boilers on sale that can simultaneously operate on four types of fuel. Their disadvantage is their higher price.

Find out more about how to live in a private home.

Boilers for heating with wood and electricity

Most in demand combi boilers, running on solid fuel and electricity. This is due to the availability of both fuel sources in almost all regions of the country. The composition includes a firebox for burning wood, wood chips or pellets, as well as a heat exchanger.

To operate from electricity, a heating element is provided, which is regulated through the control panel.

Many combined boilers operating on electricity and solid fuel have special automation. It switches the device to another mode when the temperature drops below the set level.

Solid fuel electric boilers can operate at 220 or 380 Volts. The output power ranges from 3.5 to 9 kW. Some products have a phase switching option, which allows operation in networks with different voltages.

The advantages of combined boilers include low costs, the ability to adjust, the availability of two or more types of fuel and the ability to operate in automatic mode. Users note the reliability and durability of the equipment.

Among the disadvantages is the requirement for separate room(for storing supplies) and the need for a three-phase network supply (for some models).

When operating a combination boiler from 380V, you will have to coordinate the connection with Energonadzor.

Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting the narrow scope of application (in private homes) and the need for frequent maintenance.

Popular models:


IMPORTANT - a few words about the cost

The price of electric heating boilers is in a wide range and depends on many factors - the manufacturer, the presence of a combined principle, configuration, power and other aspects.

Heating element devices are more expensive, while products based on the induction or electrode principle will be cheaper.

Heating element boilers have a heating tank, a pump for coolant circulation, a temperature sensor, an expansion tank and automation. This means that the device is ready to use and does not require the purchase of additional items.

As for induction boilers, after purchasing the main equipment you will have to spend money on a control unit (if it is not included). In addition, it is necessary to purchase expansion tank, sensors and other devices. As a result, the cost of electrode boilers may be even higher.

When comparing electric and other heating boilers, it is important to take into account not only their characteristics, pros and cons, but also pay attention to the equipment.

It happens that a manufacturer attracts buyers by lowering the price, offering a product with a minimum configuration. As a result, the buyer is forced to spend money on additional equipment.

Electric convectors for air heating

Electric heaters are divided into several categories:

  1. Convectors;
  2. Oil devices (radiators);
  3. Infrared emitters and ceramic panels.

This heating option is convenient due to its simplicity of organization and connection only to an electrical outlet.

The disadvantage is the need to strengthen the home wiring and obtain more power from the energy supply organization. This is necessary, because the consumption of heaters can reach 20-30 kW. Let's consider the intricacies of heating for various devices.

Oil heaters

The use of oil heaters in heating a private home is very rare. This is due to the low efficiency of the devices and the possibility of using them as an additional heating source.

People resort to buying oil heaters in the presence of serious cold weather, when the main system cannot cope with the tasks assigned to it.

In such circumstances, oil heaters do a good job and hardly dry out the air. A conventional heating element installed in an oil-filled container is used as a heating element.

The coolant retains the accumulated heat for a long time, which contributes to the high efficiency of such devices. The metal walls heat up and give off heat to the surrounding air in the heated room.

The disadvantage of oil heaters is that it takes a lot of time to heat the oil, and subsequently to heat the room. Due to their inertia, oil models can only be used on a long-term basis (in premises where people constantly live).

If you use oil heater at the dacha, it is unlikely to warm up a cold room.

Most models are produced on special wheels that allow you to move the product from place to place. On sale wall options, which can be used when installing constant heating.

Popular models - Ballu BOH/CL-11BRN black, Electrolux EOH/M-5105N, Timberk TOR 21.1507 SLX, Zanussi Loft ZOH/LT-11W 2200W, Ballu Turbo BOH/TB-07FH, Royal Clima ROR-C11-2200M Catania, Electrolux EOH/M-4221.

Infrared heaters

A popular way to organize heating is to use infrared heaters. Their peculiarity is that they heat objects directly, rather than the surrounding air.

This feature increases the efficiency of infrared models to almost 100%. Next, the heated objects warm the air in the room. By the way, the sun works on the same principle, because its rays only heat the earth and various objects.

When choosing, you need to take into account that IR heaters differ in the type of mounting. They are ceiling, wall and floor. Outdoor models and infrared heaters with thermostats are also produced.

When in the range of the model, a person will be warm even at low temperatures outside. As a result, you can limit the number of heaters and reduce your electricity bills. In addition, the heated elements in the room accumulate and subsequently release the collected heat.

The disadvantage of infrared heaters is negative impact for health (as some experts say). But there are no confirmed facts. In practice, some people complain of deterioration in health when exposed to infrared rays for a long time. If you have such problems, it is better to give preference to other heating options.

Popular models - SCARLETT SC-IR250D02R, WESTER IH-1000, TIMBERK TCH AR7, ALMAC IR 11 P, BALLU BIGH-4, RESANTA IKO-1500, POLARIS PMH 1594, BALLU BIH-AP-0.8.

Ceramic heating panels

The peculiarity of ceramic heaters is the tight contact between the heater and the front panel (manufactured using thermal ceramics). Such devices heat up to 80-90 degrees Celsius, after which the accumulated heat is transferred to the air in the room. In its spectrum, this heat is close to that emitted by the solar disk.

The design of ceramic heaters is simple. A metal casing with polymer coating. Next comes the reflective screen (for maximum efficiency). After it, a heating element is installed, and a ceramic component is fixed to the front part. It is she who gives off heat to the room.

When determining the required number of heaters, take 1 kW of power per 10 “square” of room. The use of ceramic-type models allows you to reduce this parameter by half.

The practice of using heaters only confirms the validity of this approach. To avoid maximum load, it is better to use not 0.5 kW, but 0.6 kW per 10 square meters of area. If the apartment or house has ceilings higher than 2.5 m, the power requirements will also increase.

One example of such a device is the Venezia 120*60 ceramic panel. This is a reliable model consisting of an infrared ceramic plate. Power 750 W.

Advantages: environmental friendliness, reliability, practicality of use and the ability to set the required temperature. The covered area is up to 22 square meters. meters. Model weight - 4 kg. The surface temperature reaches 90 degrees Celsius. Dimensions - 60*120*4 cm. The thermostat and control are mechanical, the heating element is ceramic.

It is worth highlighting other models - Dimol Mini Plus 01, Dimol Standart Plus 03, Stinex Plaza Ceramic 350-700/220 black, Stinex Plaza Ceramic 350-700/220 black, KAM-IN easy heat originals, Dimol mini 01 270 W (cream ), VENECIA" 50*50.

Air convectors

When purchasing air convectors, it is important to pay attention to the way they are mounted. Today, models are available for fixing to the wall or ceiling, for installation on the floor, recessed into the floor or baseboard models.

Generally speaking, air convectors (regardless of type) have an identical structure. It contains a heating device (heating element) with special fins (improving heat transfer). The temperature is set on the regulator, which turns the device on and off.

There are holes on the outside for better penetration warm air into a heated room. In this case, heat exits through the upper openings, and entry through the bottom.

Thanks to this design, the air functions naturally, but the movement of air flows occurs slowly. To increase efficiency, many manufacturers integrate fans. Their task is to accelerate the air flow and increase the heating speed.

The simplest are convectors for mounting on the wall, ceiling and floor. In the first case, it is enough to install a couple of hooks to install the selected model.

As for ceiling products, they are fixed to the surface using dowels or self-tapping screws.

To fix floor-mounted air convectors, the same fasteners will be required, but the fixation is carried out to the floor covering.

More problems arise when fixing in-floor or baseboard models.

Let's look at them in more detail:

  1. Skirting air convectors are installed instead of standard baseboards and have the same appearance. The peculiarity is that the heated air leaves the wall, warming it and the room as a whole. After reaching the required temperature, the product turns into a large radiator that releases heat and maintains the required temperature. Even after switching off, the air convector continues to heat the room.

The downside is inertia. It takes some time to warm up the walls, after which the heat is transferred to the air in the room. This heating method is suitable for houses and apartments with permanent residence.


One example is the STN NEB-M-NS 0.5 (B) model. This is a 500 watt wall mounted unit. The heating power is 2 kW, the covered area is 10 square meters. Supply voltage - 220 V.

The peculiarity of the model is the presence of electronic control, regulation temperature regime and the ability to install programs. The heating element has closed type with the possibility of networking. There are protective options (frost protection, overheating shutdown and moisture protection). Device dimensions - 75*45*9.8 cm.

No less interesting models- Hintek SU 1500M, Timberk TEC.E0X M 1500, Dantex SE45N-05, Royal Clima REC-M1000E, Zilon ZHC-2000 SR3.0, Timberk TEC.E5 M 1000, CTH NEB-M-NS 0.7 (B) .

Fan heaters

Fan heaters are often used to heat rooms. Depending on the situation, they are used as a main or additional heating source.

Structurally, fan heaters are a housing with a heating elements and a fan that disperses heat throughout the room. It's simple but effective tool for heating small rooms.

Advantages - high heat transfer, fast air heating, ease of control and versatility. In addition, fan heaters consume little power, and the cost is the lowest in comparison with other devices.

Additionally, it is necessary to highlight compactness (small size) and safety of use. The likelihood of injury during use is minimal. Most models provide protection against overheating, overload and falling.

Disadvantages - a rapid decrease in temperature if the device is turned off and low productivity.

The main scope of application of fan heaters is apartments, country cottages, dachas, offices, industrial premises. The devices are useful for heating warehouses, shops, pharmacies and other retail outlets. Fan heaters are easy to use because they can be used as an independent device without connecting to a central network.

An example of a fan heater is Electrolux EFH/W - 1020. This is a wall-mounted device that is compact and highly efficient. To get started, you need to mount the model on the wall and plug it into a power outlet.

The device can operate in three modes - ventilation, intensive or economical operation. Electrolux EFH/W - 1020 has a power of 2.2 kW, which guarantees fast heating and air distribution throughout the room.

The advantages of Electrolux EFH/W are its strong design, low weight (4 kg) and wear-resistant heater. During operation, the device is almost silent, which allows it to be installed in bedrooms or other rooms with quiet operation. Additional features include the use of non-combustible materials, protection against overturning and overheating.

Other popular models - Ballu BFH/W-201L, Ballu BHP-W3-20-S, KALASHNIKOV KVF-W21-12, Ballu BHP-W2-30Ballu BHP-W2-100-S, Electrolux EFH/W - 9020, Electrolux EFH /W - 7020.

Thermal curtains

Thermal curtains are a universal device that is ready to provide a comfortable environment in an apartment or house in any weather. In summer the product protects from heat, and in winter from cold.

There are two types of thermal curtains - air or thermal. The former protect the room from the leakage of warm or cool air mass, and the latter block the flow of cold air into the room. One of the main features is the cost.

Thermal curtains are available with or without heating, as well as with hot water supply.

Products also differ in the type of heating element:

  1. Ceramic - works at high temperatures, is highly reliable.
  2. Tenova - warms up long time and at low temperatures.
  3. Spiral - an element with a high heating temperature.

The purpose of the air curtain is to separate different temperature zones, for example between freezer and the room, the area near the window or door.

Installation is carried out vertically or horizontally depending on the type. When choosing a vertical option, you need to take into account the parameters of the doors. It is important that the curtain exceeds them by 15-20 cm.

More powerful industrial models are available that are suitable for installation in cafes, restaurants, offices, garages or other premises. Depending on the model, thermal curtains have different functionality. But overall, they are practical, multifunctional and durable.

For example, consider the Ballu BHC-L10-S06 thermal curtain - a device for creating a powerful air flow that separates different zones (for example, the street and indoor space).

The model is used for installation in shops, offices, vestibules, residential premises, cafeterias and other points.

Pros of Ballu BHC-L10-S06 - low level noise, quick heating of the air, easy connection, anti-corrosion treatment of the housing and a built-in thermostat (controls heating). There is a no-heat mode (to protect against heat).

If desired, one of two operating modes can be set. The device is equipped with a modern and easy-to-use remote control.

Other popular models - Ballu BHC-CE-3L, Ballu BHC-CE-3, Hintek RP-0306-D, KALASHNIKOV KVC-A08E3-11, Ballu BHC-L08-T03, KALASHNIKOV KVC-A08E5-11, Hintek RS-0308 -D, Hintek RP-0508-D.

Electric heat guns

Electric heat guns provide air heating using special elements:

  1. A regular coil heated to maximum.
  2. Heating element with high efficiency (the peculiarity is maximum efficiency).
  3. Ceramic elements are elements that are safe for health, characterized by reliability and environmental friendliness. Today they are considered the best option among the heating elements proposed above.

Air circulation is ensured thanks to powerful fans, which allows you to heat the room within a few minutes. Some models are equipped with special wheels or slides that guarantee convenient movement or installation of heat guns.

Popularity is ensured due to the absence of combustion chambers, noiselessness, lack of need for maintenance and the possibility of installation without coordination of the installation of the gun with a government agency.

An interesting option is Ballu BHP-PE-3. This is a compact and lightweight heat gun, characterized by directional heating and located in a round body.

The device is made in a stainless steel casing, with the option of adjusting the tilt. Maximum power- 3 kW, number of modes - two. Weight - 3.7 kg. The Ballu BHP-PE-3 model has small dimensions - 31.5 * 24Х5 * 25 cm. Additional features - heating element, versatility of use, presence of a rotary switch, overheating protection. The device is used in rooms with an area of ​​up to 35 square meters.

Additional models worthy of attention- Ballu BHP-P-3, NeoClima TPK-5, Hintek XS 03220, NeoClima TPP-5, Ballu BHP-P2-3, NeoClima NPG-10, Hintek PROF 03220, Ballu BHP-M-5.

Warm electric floor

Electric heated floors are considered the “youngest” heating system. Its use ensures maximum comfortable conditions Houses. Due to the heating of the floor surface, heat accumulates in the foot area, after which it rises to the ceiling and is distributed over the entire area.

The peculiarity of the system is its inertia - it “swings” for a long time. It will take a long time to heat a room using a warm electric floor.

On the other hand, after turning off the heating, the floor still gives off the accumulated heat for some time, which ensures that a comfortable temperature is maintained.

Requires qualifications, and the complexity of the work depends on the chosen model and design features.

There are models on sale that require the creation of a new tie (for example, electrical mats and cables).

Some systems are installed on a flat, hard surface and do not require major work (for example, film models). Devices for heating laminate or linoleum are also sold.

Electric heating of a house using heated floors also has a number of disadvantages - the difficulty of repair in the event of a breakdown due to the lack of direct access to the elements, and time-consuming installation (especially when installed under a screed).

Thus, it takes about 30 days to install heated floors under a screed, and about a day to install conventional models. However, the price of the latter will be significantly higher.

A popular model is NeoClima N-TC 953/7.4. This is a heated floor, which includes a kit for self-installation. Features - the need for installation in a screed, a long warranty (16 years), versatility and safety (double insulation).

The heating system includes a heating section, a tape for attaching the cable, a tube for the temperature sensor, instructions and a box.

The cable is 13 meters long and is designed for a small heating area - up to 1.7 square meters. meters. Power consumption - 195 W. Scope of application - small rooms (for example, a bathroom).

No less popular models are NeoClima N-TM 375/2.5, NeoClima N-TM 450/3.0, NeoClima N-TM 600/4.0, NeoClima N-TC 1095/8.6, STN Termolife ET61W (WI-FI control), NeoClima N -TM 1500/10, NeoClima N-TM 1800/12.

General aspects of electric heating

Electric boilers are the only heating devices that use external heating or additional elements. The remaining systems are self-sufficient, which is their constant advantage.

Heating systems are easy to install and control, and have little inertia. For ease of operation, you can connect electronic control units and organize remote control.

The disadvantage of many heating systems is the high cost of maintenance. As for the power consumption required to warm up an apartment, house or room, it is almost identical.

On average, to warm up 50 square meters of a room with standard ceilings of 2.5 to 3 meters in height, 6 to 8 kW of power is required.

An additional aspect when choosing is place of residence ( geographical position). If you are in the southern part of the country, electricity costs will be lower (when compared with northern regions). The design and insulation of the building are no less important.

The more compact and better the house is sheathed, the less energy will be required for heating. Typically, electric heating is used for small one-story houses or apartments. The main condition is the presence of good wiring.

Most often, such systems are used as additional heat sources. The main disadvantage is the dependence on electricity.

The best solution in terms of energy consumption is the use of electrode boilers, warm infrared heaters, as well as devices with automatic control of mode and temperature (smart home system).

Heat pumps for heating a private home

Heat pumps - environmentally friendly and modern way heating batteries in the house. The simplest design option is a refrigerator capable of generating cold and heat. A similar principle applies to heat pumps.

The heating operation algorithm is as follows:

  1. Water is sent to the evaporator to reduce the temperature by 5 degrees Celsius.
  2. The cooled composition goes to the compressor, where the liquid is compressed and its temperature increases.
  3. The heated water is sent to a heat exchanger, in which it transfers heat to the heating system, and the cooled liquid is sent to the beginning of the cycle.

Water can be taken from any convenient place, for example, a reservoir or a pump.

The heating system using heat pumps consists of the following elements:

  1. The heat pump itself is a device that extracts geoenergy.
  2. A probe is a coil located in the ground or water.
  3. Heating system, including heat exchange chamber.

Advantages of heat pumps for heating:

  1. Low energy consumption. For heating you only need Electric Energy. Power consumption is significantly lower than with conventional electrical appliances. One of the characteristics of heat pumps is the conversion factor, which shows the efficiency of the device, namely the amount of heat output compared to the electricity consumed. For example, if this parameter is equal to five, then from 1 kW of electricity you can get 5 kW of heat.
  2. Versatility. The heating system can be installed in different areas. The device is capable of heating a house at any time of the year at a temperature in winter not lower than -15 degrees Celsius. In addition, in summer the system can be used for cooling.
  3. This is especially convenient for buildings without gas. In addition, in the absence of electricity, the heat pump can operate on a gasoline or diesel engine.
  4. Long service life - up to 50 years. For example, a compressor may require replacement only after 20 years.
  5. Environmental friendliness and safety. The heat pump does not emit gases or foreign waste during operation. The device cannot accidentally overheat.
  6. Automatic operation. The heat pump does not require the addition of water or the need to control its flow to operate.

Disadvantages of the heating device:

  1. High price. To purchase such a system you will have to spend money, and the payback period is at least five years.
  2. In areas with low temperatures, the use of heat pumps is not effective.
  3. The system negatively affects the planet's ecosystem, but the damage is minor and can be ignored.

Knowing the features, advantages and disadvantages of electric heating systems, it is easier to make a choice and decide on the appropriate option for your home.