How to glue bamboo wallpaper on a wall: master class. How to glue bamboo wallpaper? How to stick bamboo wallpaper

It has become especially popular in the last few years. Made from an unknown finishing material, such canvases were able to win the favor of designers around the world. In order for bamboo wallpaper to look perfectly even on the wall, it is important to be careful when installing it. Unfortunately, you cannot trust any master as much as you trust yourself. If only because you are most interested in a beautiful and durable result. Let's talk about how to properly prepare a wall and how to hang bamboo wallpaper with your own hands.

Preparing tools

Before gluing bamboo wallpaper, you need to necessary tools and materials. So, to carry out the work you will need:

  1. Plastic spatula big size. With this tool you can apply quickly.
  2. Glue. We'll talk a little bit below about how to choose adhesive for bamboo wallpaper. However, keep in mind that material consumption is usually quite large. Therefore, it is better to purchase adhesive solution with a reserve.
  3. Tassels different sizes. It is advisable to choose nylon-based products. It is with brushes that you will apply glue to the surface of the wall. A large brush will help you quickly apply the bonding compound to the base. A small neon brush will help to process hard to reach places and corners in the room.
  4. Sharp knife. Suitable for both stationery and ordinary.
  5. A piece of cloth that you will use to wipe off excess bamboo wallpaper glue. It is advisable to choose textiles that do not leave behind lint.
  6. Gloves to protect hands.
  7. Mask for protection respiratory tract.
  8. Roller for leveling the canvas.
  9. Hacksaw or jigsaw. Tools needed to cut bamboo wallpaper as quickly as possible.

Advice: Choosing hacksaw blade, pay attention to the option with small teeth. This way you can cut the wallpaper smoothly without tearing the fabric.

Choosing glue for bamboo wallpaper

These canvases are much heavier than their non-woven, vinyl or paper counterparts. Therefore, the process of choosing adhesive for bamboo wallpaper must be approached especially carefully. We recommend paying attention to the following options:

  1. . A composition created to quickly and efficiently glue materials together. Liquid nails are actively used when installing bamboo wallpaper. Remember that such glue emits a rather unpleasant odor, which can adversely affect your health. Therefore, if you choose liquid nails, take care to protect your respiratory tract.
  2. Tougher than nails. This adhesive composition appeared on the building materials market relatively recently. It has good adhesion and almost complete absence unpleasant odor. The only drawback of this glue for bamboo wallpaper is that you cannot apply it to the surface with your own hands. The fact is that the composition is sold in small cartridges that are refilled in a construction gun.
  3. PVA. The most budget-friendly and common version of the adhesive composition, which, however, is absolutely not suitable for gluing bamboo wallpaper. It has weak adhesion and is not able to withstand very heavy fabrics. However, if you decide to stay in this option, for greater reliability it is worth additionally attaching the bamboo wallpaper to the wall using self-tapping screws.
  4. . A composition that is not available in all hardware stores. Most often used when gluing non-woven or glass wallpaper. However, this glue also works great with bamboo fabric.
  5. . The adhesive composition is of Italian origin. It is used for gluing bamboo wallpaper or cork panels. It is moisture resistant and has a good degree of adhesion.
  6. Lacrysil, an adhesive that is widely used with natural materials (bamboo, cork, etc.). This composition is sold ready for use and does not need to be diluted with water. It has no unpleasant odor and is safe for human health.

Preparing the walls

The process of gluing bamboo wallpaper begins with preparing the wall surface. Of course, in this situation, bamboo sheets have a certain advantage over other analogues. The point is that they are capable of hiding small cracks and other surface defects.

In any case, before gluing bamboo wallpaper, you must completely get rid of the previous finishing material on the wall. This can be done using a spatula. You also need to remove dust and dirt from the wall.

It doesn’t matter what exactly the previous finishing material was: wallpaper, painting, chalk plaster - in any case, after preparing the surface, the wall should remain as clean as possible. In order to level the base, you can walk along the wall with putty. However, this is not at all necessary. Dense bamboo wallpaper will easily hide some imperfections.

Please note that before applying the paintings, the surface must not only be clean, but also completely dry. Therefore, if you use putty or primer, be sure to let the wall dry. As a rule, this takes 8-12 hours.

Hanging bamboo wallpaper - step by step instructions

After you have prepared the wall for gluing bamboo wallpaper, you must proceed according to the following scheme:

  1. Cut the canvas. Please note that bamboo is a fairly dense material, so it is important to use a sharp knife to cut it.
  2. Prepare glue for bamboo wallpaper. If necessary, the glue can be diluted with water. However, today there are materials that are sold ready-to-use.
  3. Apply the adhesive composition to the surface of the wall and wallpaper. Press the wallpaper against the wall, hold it for a few seconds and remove it.
  4. Leave the canvas for 3-4 minutes, then apply it to the wall again.
  5. To avoid air accumulation under the canvas, it is necessary to completely smooth the wallpaper on the wall with a roller.
  6. You need to follow the same principle until you have glued the entire wall.

Important! Each subsequent sheet must be applied in conjunction with the previous one..

How to glue bamboo wallpaper in corners?

The technology for gluing bamboo wallpaper in the corners of a room is slightly different from gluing vinyl and non-woven fabrics. First, you need to trim and install the roll flush with the corners. If the joints are very noticeable, they can be covered with putty, paint or molding. In order for the putty or molding not to be conspicuous, they must be painted in the same shade as the bamboo wallpaper.

How to glue bamboo wallpaper with liquid nails?

How to glue bamboo wallpaper with liquid nails? This process is quite simple and is not much different from installing wallpaper using a different adhesive. First you need to cut the roll to the required dimensions. After this, prepare the adhesive composition and apply it to the reverse side of the bamboo wallpaper. This must be done using a large brush.

On the reverse side of bamboo wallpaper, as a rule, there are two types of fabric: thin mesh and denser. “Liquid Nails” glue must be spread over dense fabric.

Important! You must follow the instructions. Some types of bamboo wallpaper require liquid nails to be applied to the entire surface of the wallpaper.

Then everything is simple: press the wallpaper to the wall and tap it a little. After this, you need to quickly and carefully remove the canvas and leave it for 3 minutes. Now take the wallpaper again and apply it to the same place on the wall. Use a roller to smooth out the wallpaper and prevent bubbles from appearing.

Video: How to glue bamboo

In order to understand in more detail all the installation processes, we recommend that you watch several videos about gluing bamboo wallpaper. They collect all stages of work and indicate various nuances.


The use of bamboo wallpaper allows you to bring originality to any interior. This is a stylish and environmentally friendly way to decorate walls, which Lately is gaining popularity. Besides external advantages, you will definitely appreciate the ease of installation of bamboo wallpaper - after all, with a little practice, you will be able to install it yourself.

Photo
Conventional wallpapers are giving way to natural materials. After all, in own apartment I really want to see natural canvases.

Glue on bamboo wallpaper must be applied from the reverse side.

Bamboo wallpaper can help in creating a new interior.

They make the design interesting and unusual. However, before work you need to know how to glue bamboo wallpaper. After all, the strength and reliability of structures depends on this process.

Bamboo wallpaper for interior

Products can be purchased at hardware stores or interior design stores. Bamboo wallpaper is a structure fixed to a fabric base. Sizes of canvases and their appearance may vary. So, to work with large area craftsmen purchase elements with a width of 1800-2500 mm. During the finishing process, bamboo wallpaper can be trimmed.

To glue bamboo wallpaper you need liquid nails.

To decorate an apron in the kitchen or other areas, you can purchase bamboo wallpaper about 1000 mm wide. In this case, the canvas will have economical consumption. In stores you can purchase the product based on the required sizes.

A distinctive feature of the structures is the width of the lamellas. These elements emphasize natural origin material. You may find joints or uneven texture on them. But this texture is an advantage of wallpaper. After all, you won’t find two identical paintings in the interior. They all differ in their appearance.

Products may vary in color scheme. Various shades, from light to rich dark tones, allow you to successfully combine canvases in the interior. One of the common colors is wenge. It goes well with the furniture in the room, finishing materials And floor coverings. Therefore, designers are increasingly using it in their projects. After all, this color not only complements the style, but also significantly decorates it.

Related article: Home workshop: children's paper crafts for September 1 (23 photos)

How to glue bamboo wallpaper?

During the work process it is necessary to cut the products. You can do the procedure using a stationery knife or scissors. These tools are useful when you need to divide the fabric along the lamellas. The cutting element must be inserted between the joint strips. This way the cut will be made on the tissue. The procedure is easy and quick.

It is more difficult to cut the material across the slats. In this case, you need to use garden pruners or electric saw. Tools will be needed for the job, as the canvas is highly dense. And it is impossible to cut it with ordinary scissors. For cutting, it is recommended to fix the wallpaper on a flat surface. This can be done using construction tape. Then they do the procedure with outside products.

Over time, bamboo wallpaper fades and loses its original appearance.

On next stage you need to prepare the foundation for work. The walls should not contain old materials, cracks or irregularities. All problem areas processed using putty. The mixture is applied to the surface and spread using a spatula. In order for the base to be strong and reliable, it is also recommended to use a primer. It will protect the surface from the appearance of fungus, mold and condensation.

Thus, to carry out finishing works Tools and materials needed:

  • bamboo wallpaper;
  • putty;
  • primer;
  • construction tape;
  • scissors;
  • electric saw;
  • special glue;
  • liquid Nails;
  • putty knife;
  • roulette;
  • rubber roller.

Work should begin only after the bamboo material has been left in the room for a day. This is how the product is adapted. In order to fix the wallpaper on the wall, you need to purchase special glue. It must be designed to work with bamboo wallpaper or heavy materials. You should not save on this product. After all, the durability of the structure depends on its quality.

The glue must be evenly distributed over the surface of the canvas and the desired area on the wall. Then the products are left for some time so that the fixing agent becomes transparent. After this, the material is applied to the wall and applied with a rubber roller. If some areas turn out to be poorly coated, you can finish the job using liquid nails. In any case, before carrying out the procedure, you should carefully study the instructions on the packaging of the product.

Related article: Do-it-yourself adjustment and repair of plastic windows. Instructions with photos

If glue stains form on the canvas during work, it is recommended to remove them with a dry cloth or sponge. It is necessary to take into account that the wallpaper is immediately firmly fixed to the wall. Therefore, it is recommended to mark the area where finishing will be carried out. This way the material will be fixed evenly and accurately.

Features of working with bamboo fabric

Products are glued end to end. Typically the seam ready-made structures is prominent. but this only emphasizes the natural structure of the material. Some masters use special profiles to create a harmonious image. They are also made from bamboo trunk. With their help you can make the joint neat. To do this, select a profile similar in color to the main product. Joining structures help to combine wallpaper. They can be positioned vertically or horizontally.

In addition to the described parts, craftsmen use edge profiles. Thanks to them you can make an interesting wallpaper outline. This method is especially relevant when the material is in a visible place or highlights a certain area in the room. Additional items help to decorate the design and make it complete.

For those owners who do not know how to glue bamboo wallpaper and where to use it, there are various ideas design. For example, using structures you can decorate a window opening. Thanks to the designs, the design will turn out to be unusual and original. However, it should be taken into account that general style premises should be combined with natural materials.

The products allow you to increase noise insulation in the room; they are resistant to the settling of dust and other small particles. However, it should be taken into account that excessive moisture must be avoided during operation. When caring for the surface, it is recommended to give preference to dry cleaning. The canvas cannot be stored in basements and rooms with high humidity. For finishing work, it is recommended to choose places where there are no bright sun rays. Otherwise, the bright colors of the material will become faded.

Bamboo is an excellent finishing material. It is particularly beautiful and can be used in various conditions. In addition, bamboo itself is a design element. A room in which bamboo wallpaper is hung will always have an emphasized natural style.

Advantages and disadvantages of bamboo wallpaper

The wallpaper is a series of bamboo strips that are dried using a special technology. One side of the planks is glued to a fabric base.

The height of the planks has certain dimensions: 4, 7, 12, 17 or 25 mm. The width of the canvas can be 90, 200 or 250 cm.

Planks are not covered paint and varnish materials. The beauty of the planks lies in their naturalness. The color of bamboo depends on its variety, depending on which it can be beige, red, white, pistachio or honey.

This finishing material has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include qualities such as:

  • sound and heat insulation
  • moisture resistance
  • durability;
  • environmental friendliness;
  • original shape (makes it possible to hide damage);
  • compatibility with other finishing materials and decorative elements;
  • ease of maintenance;
  • designed for use in a wide variety of conditions.

Along with this, there are a number of minor drawbacks that lie in the specifics of wallpaper installation. The material will have to be cut into pieces with a hacksaw or jigsaw. Also, it causes some difficulties in choosing a pattern or color when joining wallpaper. Pasting requires the use of a special adhesive composition.

Glue selection

There are several mandatory conditions when choosing glue for bamboo. Considering that bamboo fabric has high degree rigidity, the adhesive composition must have high adhesive characteristics. It is not recommended to apply glue that contains a water-containing component to wallpaper. For example, PVA glue, which can be classified as a water emulsion. It can hold the material well on initial stage operation, but long-term fixation is questionable.

When gluing a room with bamboo, you need to use a special adhesive composition, which is based on vinyl or polychlorpropylene. How Alternative option, you can use liquid nails or Pufas K12 type glue as glue. All these brands and types of glue have a strong, unpleasant odor. Considering that the room in which bamboo is applied must be closed, it is recommended to carry out work in a respirator.

The cost of the special adhesive composition is slightly higher, but its durability is guaranteed.

Preparatory work and selection of tools

Before you start wallpapering, you need to prepare all the surfaces on which they will be applied. This can be a wall, ceiling or separately selected areas. Bamboo wallpaper can be used to cover brick or concrete surface. It is not recommended to glue on surfaces that have not been cleaned of chalk plaster, paint, or old wallpaper. There is no need to make the wall perfectly flat. Minor defects will be hidden by wallpaper.

If the defect in a wall or other surface is significant, it can be leveled with plaster and treated with a primer that has a penetrating effect. Before gluing, the area on which you plan to apply the bamboo coating must be cleaned of dust and dirt.

It is recommended to cover the floor and pieces of furniture in the room with plastic wrap.

To perform high-quality wallpaper installation work, you need a set of tools and materials:

  • special glue or adhesive composition;
  • metal hacksaw, jigsaw or scissors;
  • relief spatula for applying adhesive composition;
  • rubber roller for rolling;
  • a set of clothes with long sleeves and a respirator.

A day before the start of work, it is necessary to unroll the bamboo in the room where it is planned to be installed. They must go through an acclimatization process; the bamboo must either dry out or absorb the necessary moisture.

How to cut bamboo fabric

Cutting bamboo sheet lengthwise is very simple. Construction knife it is necessary to insert between the slats and, having chosen the required height, cut the fabric base.

Cutting wallpaper crosswise is a little more difficult. To do this you will need a hacksaw, scissors or a jigsaw. In any case, the blade in a hacksaw or jigsaw should have fine teeth. Then the bamboo will be cut neatly. Large teeth will simply tear the material. It is best to use a jigsaw. You can use scissors to trim the edges of the bamboo. In the video below you can see how to cut the canvas.

Application of adhesive composition

Prepare glue or adhesive composition. Lay the bamboo sheet so that the fabric base is on top and coat it with glue. After this, it is necessary to apply with a relief spatula thin layer glue on the wall and on the part of the wallpaper that you plan to glue. It is important to pay Special attention edges, since they are glued end to end and should not peel off.

Let the glue soak in for 5-7 minutes. You need to know that if the glue has not been absorbed for enough time, there is a risk of bubbles, deformation of the wallpaper, or displacement of the joint.

Pasting bamboo wallpaper

Once the adhesive has been applied to the bamboo and wall surface, press the bamboo firmly onto the area to be glued. After this, tap the wallpaper over the entire surface and remove. Let the wallpaper rest for a few minutes. During this time the glue will be absorbed. This process will prevent subsequent separation of the wallpaper at the joints.

After the bamboo has rested, place it again on the surface to be glued and smooth it with a roller from top to bottom. If excess glue appears, it must be removed.

All are glued in the same way. next stripes.

The degree of adhesion can be checked after a couple of hours. To do this, it is necessary to identify suspicious areas, tap them and, if necessary, level them with a roller. If a void is identified, it must be filled adhesive composition. To do this, draw into a syringe required amount glue, pump it into the cavity and roll it out with a roller.

The bamboo sheet can be installed in horizontal and vertical positions. How to glue bamboo wallpaper is up to the owner.

The procedure for pasting corners with bamboo wallpaper differs from pasting regular wallpaper. Bamboo must be cut flush with the corner, i.e. choose required size in width.

We offer for receiving additional information watch the video.

Bamboo must be protected from direct sunlight. Solar activity will cause bamboo to lose color. Do not expose bamboo sheets physical activity. There is no need to move the pasted strips along the wall. During maintenance, it is not recommended to touch the wallpaper with a brush. You should also not use hard materials to remove dirt. It is better to use soft rags or a vacuum cleaner.

It is advisable to avoid wet materials when maintaining bamboo. When exposed to moisture, bamboo will absorb moisture and become deformed.

Conventional wallpapers are giving way to natural materials. After all, you really want to see natural canvases in your own apartment.

Glue on bamboo wallpaper must be applied from the reverse side.

Bamboo wallpaper can help in creating a new interior.

They make the design interesting and unusual. However, before work you need to know how to glue bamboo wallpaper. After all, the strength and reliability of structures depends on this process.

Bamboo wallpaper for interior

Products can be purchased at hardware stores or interior design stores. Bamboo wallpaper is a structure fixed to a fabric base. The sizes of the canvases and their appearance may vary. So, to work with a large area, craftsmen purchase elements with a width of 1800-2500 mm. During the finishing process, bamboo wallpaper can be trimmed.

To glue bamboo wallpaper you need liquid nails.

To decorate an apron in the kitchen or other areas, you can purchase bamboo wallpaper about 1000 mm wide. In this case, the canvas will have economical consumption. In stores you can purchase the product based on the required sizes.

A distinctive feature of the structures is the width of the lamellas. These elements emphasize the natural origin of the material. You may find joints or uneven texture on them. But this texture is an advantage of wallpaper. After all, you won’t find two identical paintings in the interior. They all differ in their appearance.

Products may vary in color. Various shades, from light to rich dark tones, allow you to successfully combine canvases in the interior. One of the common colors is wenge. It goes well with indoor furniture, finishing materials and floor coverings. Therefore, designers are increasingly using it in their projects. After all, this color not only complements the style, but also significantly decorates it.

How to glue bamboo wallpaper?

During the work process it is necessary to cut the products. You can do the procedure using a stationery knife or scissors. These tools are useful when you need to divide the fabric along the lamellas. The cutting element must be inserted between the joint strips. This way the cut will be made on the tissue. The procedure is easy and quick.

It is more difficult to cut the material across the slats. In this case, you need to use garden pruners or an electric saw. Tools will be needed for the job, as the canvas is highly dense. And it is impossible to cut it with ordinary scissors. For cutting, it is recommended to fix the wallpaper on a flat surface. This can be done using construction tape. After which the procedure is performed on the outside of the product.

Over time, bamboo wallpaper fades and loses its original appearance.

The next step is to prepare the foundation for work. The walls should not contain old materials, cracks or irregularities. All problem areas are treated with putty. The mixture is applied to the surface and spread using a spatula. In order for the base to be strong and reliable, it is also recommended to use a primer. It will protect the surface from the appearance of fungus, mold and condensation.

Thus, for finishing work you will need the following tools and materials:

  • bamboo wallpaper;
  • putty;
  • primer;
  • construction tape;
  • scissors;
  • electric saw;
  • special glue;
  • liquid Nails;
  • putty knife;
  • roulette;
  • rubber roller.

Work should begin only after the bamboo material has been left in the room for a day. This is how the product is adapted. In order to fix the wallpaper on the wall, you need to purchase special glue. It must be designed to work with bamboo wallpaper or heavy materials. You should not save on this product. After all, the durability of the structure depends on its quality.

The glue must be evenly distributed over the surface of the canvas and the desired area on the wall. Then the products are left for some time so that the fixing agent becomes transparent. After this, the material is applied to the wall and applied with a rubber roller. If some areas are poorly coated, you can finish the job with liquid nails. In any case, before carrying out the procedure, you should carefully study the instructions on the packaging of the product.

If glue stains form on the canvas during work, it is recommended to remove them with a dry cloth or sponge. It is necessary to take into account that the wallpaper is immediately firmly fixed to the wall. Therefore, it is recommended to mark the area where finishing will be carried out. This way the material will be fixed evenly and accurately.

Features of working with bamboo fabric

Products are glued end to end. As a rule, the seam of finished structures is visible. but this only emphasizes the natural structure of the material. Some masters use special profiles to create a harmonious image. They are also made from bamboo trunk. With their help you can make the joint neat. To do this, select a profile similar in color to the main product. Joining structures help to combine wallpaper. They can be positioned vertically or horizontally.

In addition to the described parts, craftsmen use edge profiles. Thanks to them you can make an interesting wallpaper outline. This method is especially relevant when the material is in a visible place or highlights a certain area in the room. Additional elements help to decorate the design and make it complete.

For those owners who do not know how to glue bamboo wallpaper and where to use it, there are various design ideas. For example, using structures you can decorate a window opening. Thanks to the designs, the design will turn out to be unusual and original. However, it should be borne in mind that the overall style of the room should be combined with natural materials.

The products allow you to increase noise insulation in the room; they are resistant to the settling of dust and other small particles. However, it should be taken into account that excessive moisture must be avoided during operation. When caring for the surface, it is recommended to give preference to dry cleaning. The canvas should not be stored in basements or rooms with high humidity. For finishing work, it is recommended to choose places where there is no bright sunlight. Otherwise, the bright colors of the material will become faded.

Before gluing bamboo wallpaper, you need to decide overall design. This design will be the perfect complement for Japanese style. The combination of bamboo products with fabric wall decoration, wooden parquet, mats and details with symbolic ornaments will be a wonderful decoration for the room. And if you combine wallpaper with special bamboo panels, the design will be complete and holistic.

Bamboo wallpaper is a popular addition to any renovation. With their help, you can decorate the entire room or place a certain accent in the house. These attributes create a special mood in the room. They make the environment luxurious and unique. After all natural materials unique. And using them at home allows you to enjoy naturalness and purity.

or non-woven materials. But this type of coating has its undoubted advantages, which attract potential buyers– strength, soundproofing qualities, ultraviolet resistance and environmental friendliness. The bamboo surface is not covered with chemical dyes or varnish; they can be cleaned with a regular sponge or household vacuum cleaner. Here are some short instructions that will help beginners figure out how to apply such beautiful wallpaper.

How to glue bamboo wallpaper?

  1. What glue should I use to glue bamboo wallpaper? The usual composition is not suitable for them. water based. It is advisable to buy special high-viscosity materials for cork and bamboo wallpaper or purchase high-quality liquid nails.
  2. Bamboo wallpapers are strips glued to a base made of technical gauze. They are sold by the meter or in special rolls.
  3. Literally any flat surface (wood, brick, concrete) is suitable for pasting. Make sure there are no traces left there lime whitewash, pieces of old paper wallpaper, dust, dirt, repair chips, cracks and other defects with putty. Apply a coat of primer to the walls with a roller.
  4. Observe important condition– the temperature and humidity of the wallpaper and the air in the room should be almost the same. Roll out the rolls on the floor and leave them in this position for 24 hours.
  5. Using a level, draw a line on the wall along which you can evenly glue the first part of the wallpaper.
  6. Measure and use a sharp knife to cut the desired strip of material.
  7. The technology of work differs slightly depending on what glue the owners use for bamboo wallpaper. In our case, an acrylic composition is used, which should be applied with a convenient notched spatula to the wall to be pasted, using progressive movements, filling the entire working surface with it. 10-15 minutes until the composition begins to set will be enough to treat even a large area. If you are using contact adhesive, apply it to both surfaces with a flat spatula. You need to be much more careful with this material. It sets quickly and does not allow you to adjust the position of the canvas.
  8. Start wallpapering immediately, without waiting until the glue begins to lose moisture or is completely absorbed. You will have a couple of minutes to adjust the canvas on the wall. When you are sure that the wallpaper is installed correctly, smooth it with a little force with a rubber roller in different directions.
  9. Correct dosage and application of glue practically eliminates its seepage outside, but if this happens, remove excess material with a piece of rag.
  10. Inspect the wallpaper from all sides to see how smooth the surface is and whether it adheres tightly to the wall.
  11. Glue the following strips of bamboo wallpaper in the same way, wipe them with a rag and check their relative position.
  12. Within a day, a person will need to make a significant effort to tear the sheet off the wall. By observing these simple tips, you will certainly achieve the best result.

Those who love natural materials or finishing in oriental style are interested in how to properly glue bamboo wallpaper. This process cannot be called particularly difficult, but some people are afraid to work with unfamiliar material. We hope that our article will help you in working with this excellent and environmentally friendly material.